1. Tcl Fundamentals
1.1 The "Hello, World!" example
1.2 Tcl variables
1.3 Command substitution
1.4 Simple arithmetic
1.5 Nested commands
1.6 Built-in math functions
1.7 Grouping expressions with braces
1.8 Quoting special characters with backslash
1.9 Continuing long lines with backslashes
1.10 Grouping with double quotes vs. braces
1.11 Embedded command and variable substitution
1.12 Defining a procedure
1.13 A while loop to compute factorial
1.14 A recursive definition of factorial
1.15 Using set to return a variable value
1.16 Embedded variable references
1.17 Using info to determine if a variable exists
1.18 Controlling precision with tcl_precision
2. Getting Started
2.1 A standalone Tcl script on UNIX
2.2 A standalone Tk script on UNIX
2.3 Using /bin/sh to run a Tcl script
2.4 The EchoArgs script
3. The Guestbook CGI Application
3.1 A simple CGI script
3.2 Output of Example 3-1
3.3 The guestbook.cgi script, version 1
3.4 The Cgi_Header procedure
3.5 The guestbook.cgi script, version 2
3.6 Initial output of guestbook.cgi with no data
3.7 Output of guestbook.cgi with guestbook data
3.8 The newguest.html form
3.9 The newguest.cgi script
3.10 The newguest.cgi script with error handling
4. String Processing in Tcl
4.1 Comparing strings with string compare
4.2 Comparing strings with string equal
4.3 Comparing strings with eq
4.4 Mapping Microsoft World special characters to ASCII
5. Tcl Lists
5.1 Constructing a list with the list command
5.2 Using lappend to add elements to a list
5.3 Using lset to set an element of a list
5.4 Using concat to splice lists together
5.5 Double quotes compared to the concat and list commands
5.6 Modifying lists with lreplace
5.7 Deleting a list element by value
5.8 Sorting a list using a comparison function
5.9 Use split to turn input data into Tcl lists
5.10 Implementing join in Tcl
6. Control Structure Commands
6.1 A conditional if then else command
6.2 Chained conditional with elseif
6.3 Using switch for an exact match
6.4 Using switch with substitutions in the patterns
6.5 A switch with "fall through" cases
6.6 Comments in switch commands
6.7 A while loop to read standard input
6.8 Looping with foreach
6.9 Parsing command-line arguments
6.10 Using list with foreach
6.11 Multiple loop variables with foreach
6.12 Multiple value lists with foreach
6.13 A for loop
6.14 A standard catch phrase
6.15 A longer catch phrase
6.16 There are several possible return values from catch
6.17 Raising an error
6.18 Preserving errorInfo when calling error
6.19 Raising an error with return
7. Procedures and Scope
7.1 Default parameter values
7.2 Variable number of arguments
7.3 Variable scope and Tcl procedures
7.4 A random number generator
7.5 Print variable by name
7.6 Improved incr procedure
8. Tcl Arrays
8.1 Using arrays
8.2 Referencing an array indirectly
8.3 Referencing an array indirectly using upvar
8.4 ArrayInvert inverts an array
8.5 Using arrays for records, version 1
8.6 Using arrays for records, version 2
8.7 Using arrays for records, version 3
8.8 Using a list to implement a stack
8.9 Using an array to implement a stack
8.10 A list of arrays
8.11 A list of arrays
8.12 A simple in-memory database
9. Working with Files and Programs
9.1 Using exec on a process pipeline
9.2 Comparing file modify times
9.3 Determining whether pathnames reference the same file
9.4 Opening a file for writing
9.5 A more careful use of open
9.6 Opening a process pipeline
9.7 Prompting for input
9.8 A read loop using gets
9.9 A read loop using read and split
9.10 Copy a file and translate to native format
9.11 Finding a file by name
9.12 Printing environment variable values
10. Quoting Issues and Eval
10.1 Using list to construct commands
10.2 Generating procedures dynamically with a template
10.3 Using eval with $args
10.4 lassign: list assignment with foreach
10.5 The File_Process procedure iterates over lines in a file
11. Regular Expressions
11.1 Expanded regular expressions allow comments
11.2 Using regular expressions to parse a string
11.3 A pattern to match URLs
11.4 An advanced regular expression to match URLs
11.5 The Url_Decode procedure
11.6 The Cgi_List and Cgi_Query procedures
11.7 Cgi_Parse and Cgi_Value store query data in the cgi array
11.8 Html_DecodeEntity
11.9 Html_Parse
12. Script Libraries and Packages
12.1 Maintaining a tclIndex file
12.2 Loading a tclIndex file
13. Reflection and Debugging
13.1 Calculating clicks per second
13.2 Printing a procedure definition
13.3 Mapping form data onto procedure arguments
13.4 Finding built-in commands
13.5 Getting a trace of the Tcl call stack
13.6 A procedure to read and evaluate commands
13.7 Using info script to find related files
13.8 Tracing variables
13.9 Creating array elements with array traces
13.10 Interactive history usage
13.11 Implementing special history syntax
13.12 A Debug procedure
13.13 Time Stamps in log records
14. Namespaces
14.1 Random number generator using namespaces
14.2 Random number generator using qualified names
14.3 Nested namespaces
14.4 The code procedure to wrap callbacks
14.5 Listing commands defined by a namespace
15. Internationalization
15.1 MIME character sets and file encodings
15.2 Using scripts in nonstandard encodings
15.3 Three sample message catalog files
15.4 Using msgcat::mcunknown to share message catalogs
16. Event-Driven Programming
16.1 A read event file handler
16.2 Using vwait to activate the event loop
16.3 A read event file handler for a nonblocking channel
17. Socket Programming
17.1 Opening a client socket with a timeout
17.2 Opening a server socket
17.3 The echo service
17.4 A client of the echo service
17.5 Opening a connection to an HTTP server
17.6 Opening a connection through a HTTP proxy
17.7 Http_Head validates a URL
17.8 Using Http_Head
17.9 Http_Get fetches the contents of a URL" endterm="ch17list09.title"/>
17.10 HttpGetText reads text URLs
17.11 HttpCopyDone is used with fcopy
17.12 Downloading files with http::geturl
17.13 Basic Authentication using http::geturl
18. TclHttpd Web Server
18.1 The hello.tcl file implements /hello/world
18.2 A simple URL domain
18.3 Application Direct URLs
18.4 Alternate types for Application Direct URLs
18.5 A sample document type handler
18.6 A one-level site structure
18.7 A two-level site structure
18.8 A HTML + Tcl template file
18.9 SitePage template procedure, version 1
18.10 SiteMenu and SiteFooter template procedures
18.11 The SiteLink procedure
18.12 Mail form results with /mail/forminfo
18.13 Mail message sent by /mail/forminfo
18.14 Processing mail sent by /mail/forminfo
18.15 Processing mail sent by /mail/forminfo, Safe-Tcl version
18.16 A self-checking form procedure
18.17 A page with a self-checking form
18.18 Generating a table with html::foreach
18.19 The /debug/source Application Direct URL implementation
19. Multiple Interpreters and Safe-Tcl
19.1 Creating and deleting an interpreter
19.2 Creating a hierarchy of interpreters
19.3 A command alias for exit
19.4 Querying aliases
19.5 Dumping aliases as Tcl commands
19.6 Substitutions and hidden commands
19.7 Opening a file for an unsafe interpreter
19.8 The Safesock security policy
19.9 The Tempfile security policy
19.10 Restricted puts using hidden commands
19.11 A safe after command
20. Safe-Tk and the Browser Plugin
20.1 Using EMBED to insert a Tclet
21. Multi-Threaded Tcl Scripts
21.1 Creating a separate thread to perform a lengthy operation
21.2 Initializing a thread before entering its event loop
21.3 Creating several threads in an application
21.4 Using joinable threads to detect thread termination
21.5 Examples of synchronous message sending
21.6 Using a return variable with synchronous message sending
21.7 Executing commands after thread::wait returns
21.8 Creating a custom thread error handler
21.9 A basic implementation of a logging thread
21.10 Deferring socket transfer until after the connection callback
21.11 Working around Tcl's socket transfer bug
21.12 A multi-threaded echo server
21.13 Using a mutex to protect a shared resource
21.14 Standard condition variable use for a signalling thread
21.15 Standard condition variable use for a waiting thread
22. Tclkit and Starkits
22.1 Accessing a Zip file through a VFS
22.2 The output of sdx lsk hello.kit
22.3 The main program of a Starkit
22.4 The pkgIndex.tcl in a Starkit
22.5 A Starkit that examines its Virtual File System
22.6 Creating a simple Starkit
22.7 The contents of the tclhttpd.vfs directory, version 1
22.8 The main program for the TclHttpd Starkit, version 1
22.9 Contents of the tclhttpd.vfs directory, version 2
22.10 The main program for the TclHttpd Starkit, version 2
22.11 The Standard Tcl Library Starkit main.tcl file
22.12 The main program for TclHttpd Starkit, version 3
22.13 Examining the views in a Metakit database
22.14 Examining data in a Metakit view
22.15 Selecting data with mk::select
22.16 Creating a new view
22.17 Adding data to a view
22.18 Storing data in a Starkit
23. Tk Fundamentals
23.1 "Hello, World!" Tk program
23.2 Looking at all widget attributes
24. Tk by Example
24.1 Logging the output of a program run with exec
24.2 A platform-specific cancel event
24.3 A browser for the code examples in the book
24.4 A Tcl shell in a text widget
24.5 Macintosh look and feel
24.6 Windows look and feel
24.7 UNIX look and feel
25. The Pack Geometry Manager
25.1 Two frames packed inside the main frame
25.2 Turning off geometry propagation
25.3 A horizontal stack inside a vertical stack
25.4 Even more nesting of horizontal and vertical stacks
25.5 Mixing bottom and right packing sides
25.6 Filling the display into extra packing space
25.7 Using horizontal fill in a menu bar
25.8 The effects of internal padding (-ipady)
25.9 Button padding vs. packer padding
25.10 The look of a default button
25.11 Resizing without the expand option
25.12 Resizing with expand turned on
25.13 More than one expanding widget
25.14 Setup for anchor experiments
25.15 The effects of noncenter anchors
25.16 Animating the packing anchors
25.17 Controlling the packing order
25.18 Packing into other relatives
26. The Grid Geometry Manager
26.1 A basic grid
26.2 A grid with sticky settings
26.3 A grid with row and column specifications
26.4 A grid with external padding
26.5 A grid with internal padding
26.6 All combinations of -sticky settings
26.7 Explicit row and column span
26.8 Grid syntax row and column span
26.9 Row padding compared to cell padding
26.10 Gridding a text widget and scrollbar
26.11 Uniform column width
27. The Place Geometry Manager
27.1 Centering a window with place
27.2 Covering a window with place
27.3 Combining relative and absolute sizes
27.4 Positioning a window above a sibling with place
27.5 Pane_Create sets up vertical or horizontal panes
27.6 PaneDrag adjusts the percentage
27.7 PaneGeometry updates the layout
28. The Panedwindow Widget
28.1 A panedwindow with complex managed widgets
29. Binding Commands to Events
29.1 Bindings on different binding tags
29.2 Output from the UNIX xmodmap program
29.3 Emacs-like binding convention for Meta and Escape
29.4 Virtual events for cut, copy, and paste
30. Buttons and Menus
30.1 A troublesome button command
30.2 Fixing the troublesome situation
30.3 A button associated with a Tcl procedure
30.4 Radiobuttons and checkbuttons
30.5 A command on a radiobutton or checkbutton
30.6 A menu sampler
30.7 A menu bar in Tk 8.0
30.8 Using the <<MenuSelect>> virtual event
30.9 A simple menu by name package
30.10 Using the Tk 8.0 menu bar facility
30.11 MenuGet maps from name to menu
30.12 Adding menu entries
30.13 A wrapper for cascade entries
30.14 Using the menu by name package
30.15 Keeping the accelerator display up to date
31. The Resource Database
31.1 Reading an option database file
31.2 A file containing resource specifications
31.3 Using resources to specify user-defined buttons
31.4 Resource_ButtonFrame defines buttons based on resources
31.5 Using Resource_ButtonFrame
31.6 Specifying menu entries via resources
31.7 Defining menus from resource specifications
31.8 Resource_GetFamily merges user and application resources
32. Simple Tk Widgets
32.1 Labelframe example
32.2 Using the labelAnchor option to position a labelframe's anchor
32.3 Associating an existing label widget with a labelframe
32.4 Macintosh window styles
32.5 A label that displays different strings
32.6 The message widget formats long lines of text
32.7 Controlling the text layout in a message widget
32.8 A scale widget
33. Scrollbars
33.1 A text widget and two scrollbars
33.2 Scroll_Set manages optional scrollbars
33.3 Listbox with optional scrollbars
34. The Entry and Spinbox Widgets
34.1 Associating entry widgets with variables and commands
34.2 Restricting entry text to integer values
34.3 Reestablishing validation using an idle task
34.4 A simple spinbox with calculated values
34.5 Formatting numeric values in a spinbox
34.6 Enumerating spinbox values and wrapping
34.7 Using the spinbox readonly state
35. The Listbox Widget
35.1 Using -listvariable to link a listbox and variable
35.2 Choosing items from a listbox
35.3 Using the <<ListboxSelect>> virtual event
36. The Text Widget
36.1 Tag configurations for basic character styles
36.2 Line spacing and justification in the text widget
36.3 An active text button
36.4 Delayed creation of embedded widgets
36.5 Using embedded images for a bulleted list
36.6 Finding the current range of a text tag
36.7 Dumping the text widget
36.8 Dumping the text widget with a command callback
37. The Canvas Widget
37.1 A large scrolling canvas
37.2 The canvas "Hello, World!" example
37.3 A min max scale canvas example
37.4 Moving the markers for the min max scale
37.5 Canvas arc items
37.6 Canvas bitmap items
37.7 Canvas image items
37.8 A canvas stroke drawing example
37.9 Canvas oval items
37.10 Canvas polygon items
37.11 Dragging out a box
37.12 Simple edit bindings for canvas text items
37.13 Using a canvas to scroll a set of widgets
37.14 Generating Postscript from a canvas
38. Selections and the Clipboard
38.1 Paste the PRIMARY or CLIPBOARD selection
38.2 Separate paste actions
38.3 Bindings for canvas selection
38.4 Selecting objects
38.5 A canvas selection handler
38.6 The copy and cut operations
38.7 Pasting onto the canvas
39. Focus, Grabs, and Dialogs
39.1 Procedures to help build dialogs
39.2 A simple dialog
39.3 A feedback procedure
40. Tk Widget Attributes
40.1 Equal-sized labels
40.2 3D relief sampler
40.3 Padding provided by labels and buttons
40.4 Anchoring text in a label or button
40.5 Borders and padding
41. Color, Images, and Cursors
41.1 Resources for reverse video
41.2 Computing a darker color
41.3 Specifying an image for a widget
41.4 Specifying a bitmap for a widget
41.5 The built-in bitmaps
41.6 The Tk cursors
42. Fonts and Text Attributes
42.1 The FontWidget procedure handles missing fonts
42.2 Font metrics
42.3 A gridded, resizable listbox
42.4 Font selection dialog
43. Send
43.1 The sender application
43.2 Hooking the browser to an eval server
43.3 Making the shell into an eval server
43.4 Remote eval using sockets
43.5 Reading commands from a socket
43.6 The client side of remote evaluation
44. Window Managers and Window Information
44.1 Gridded geometry for a canvas
44.2 Telling other applications what your name is
45. Managing User Preferences
45.1 Preferences initialization
45.2 Adding preference items
45.3 Setting preference variables
45.4 Using the preferences package
45.5 A user interface to the preference items
45.6 Interface objects for different preference types
45.7 Displaying the help text for an item
45.8 Saving preferences settings to a file
45.9 Read settings from the preferences file
45.10 Tracing a Tcl variable in a preference item
46. A User Interface to Bindings
46.1 A user interface to widget bindings
46.2 Bind_Display presents the bindings for a widget or class
46.3 Related listboxes are configured to select items together
46.4 Controlling a pair of listboxes with one scrollbar
46.5 Drag-scrolling a pair of listboxes together
46.6 An interface to define bindings
46.7 Defining and saving bindings
47. C Programming and Tcl
47.1 The initialization procedure for a loadable package
47.2 The RandomCmd C command procedure
47.3 The RandomObjCmd C command procedure
47.4 The Tcl_Obj structure
47.5 The Plus1ObjCmd procedure
47.6 The Blob and BlobState data structures
47.7 The Blob_Init and BlobCleanup procedures
47.8 The BlobCmd command procedure
47.9 BlobCreate and BlobDelete
47.10 The BlobNames procedure
47.11 \The BlobN and BlobData procedures
47.12 The BlobCommand and BlobPoke procedures
47.13 A canonical Tcl main program and Tcl_AppInit
47.14 A canonical Tk main program and Tk_AppInit
47.15 Calling C command procedure directly with Tcl_Invoke
48. Compiling Tcl and Extensions
Writing a Tk Widget in C
49.1 The Clock_Init procedure
49.2 The Clock widget data structure
49.3 The ClockCmd command procedure
49.4 The ClockObjCmd command procedure
49.5 The ClockInstanceCmd command procedure
49.6 The ClockInstanceObjCmd command procedure
49.7 ClockConfigure allocates resources for the widget
49.8 ClockObjConfigure allocates resources for the widget
49.9 The Tk_ConfigSpec typedef
49.10 Configuration specs for the clock widget
49.11 The Tk_OptionSpec typedef
49.12 The Tk_OptionSpec structure for the clock widget
49.13 ComputeGeometry computes the widget's size
49.14 The ClockDisplay procedure
49.15 The ClockEventProc handles window events
49.16 The ClockDestroy cleanup procedure
49.17 The ClockObjDelete command
500C Library Overview
