[HN Gopher] Patagonian Welsh
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       Patagonian Welsh
        
       Author : tintinnabula
       Score  : 103 points
       Date   : 2025-09-25 04:30 UTC (4 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.wikipedia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.wikipedia.org)
        
       | gerdesj wrote:
       | Us Britons have managed to cause some remarkably odd outcomes,
       | way beyond the usual Empire bollocks and this is an absolute
       | belter.
       | 
       | Welsh is a Brythonic language, which is the most common class of
       | languages spoken across what is now the UK(ish) that predates the
       | Roman invasion in 55/54BC and 43 AD. It's way older than English.
       | Other living examples include Scottish, Irish, Cornish (revived)
       | and Bretton (off of France). There are, of course, dialects and
       | so on.
       | 
       | I think it is absolutely delightful that a small part of
       | Patagonia speaks Welsh. In a world hell bent on painting itself
       | beige this is a lovely thing. Diversity is important in all walks
       | of life.
        
         | iandioch wrote:
         | FWIW, Scottish and Irish (and their sister Manx) are not
         | Brythonic, they are in the other branch of extant Celtic
         | languages, Goidelic/Gaelic.
        
           | elcritch wrote:
           | > Irish, Manx and Scottish Gaelic form the Goidelic
           | languages, while Welsh, Cornish and Breton are Brittonic. All
           | of these are Insular Celtic languages,
           | 
           | Yeah though Brythonic and Goidelic both are considered to
           | inherit from Insular Celtic. So it's not completely off base.
           | 
           | My fiance is Welsh but only speaks a few words. Despite many
           | Welsh not speaking it now there's more active Welsh speakers
           | than Irish Gaelic speakers!
           | 
           | I spent some time in North Wales last summer where it's still
           | commonly spoken. It's fascinating to hear Welsh. It's not
           | related to any Germanic or French or others so there's little
           | vocabulary shared with English aside from some loan words.
           | Even the phonetics are quite strange sounding compared to
           | other European languages.
           | 
           | https://www.translationdirectory.com/articles/article2577.ph.
           | ..
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | > It's fascinating to hear Welsh. It's not related to any
             | Germanic or French or others so there's little vocabulary
             | shared with English aside from some loan words.
             | 
             | Celtic is a branch of Indo-European, so the relationship
             | exists. Naively, it's about as closely related to English
             | (Germanic), and to French (Italic), as English is to
             | French.
             | 
             | The closest cognate that comes to mind between English and
             | Welsh is "apple", _afal_ in Welsh.
             | 
             | If you believe the Italo-Celtic hypothesis, Welsh would be
             | more closely related to French than English is.
             | 
             | Browsing https://www.omniglot.com/language/celtic/connectio
             | ns/index.p... shows some other cognates:
             | 
             | Welsh _enaid_ (soul) is cognate with Spanish _alma_ (soul).
             | 
             | Welsh _asyn_ is  "cognate" with English _ass_ (the animal),
             | in the sense that Celtic and Germanic each separately
             | borrowed the word from Latin _asinus_ and the modern words
             | are inherited independently. For this reason, the word is
             | also  "cognate" with French _ane_.
             | 
             | Welsh _benyw_ (woman) is cognate with English _queen_
             | (which used to mean  "woman").
             | 
             | Welsh _blodyn_ (flower) is cognate with English _blossom_.
             | (And maybe also _bloom_.)
             | 
             | Welsh _buwch_ (cow) is cognate with English _cow_.
             | 
             | (Although _buwch_ really _looks_ like it should be related
             | to _bovine_ , this does not appear to be the case. But we
             | can see that the b- beginning the Welsh word here matches
             | the b- beginning benyw, corresponding to kw- in English.
             | This is also what happened in _cow_ -- Celtic reduced gw-
             | to b-. In this case, Germanic reduced gw- to k-; in _queen_
             | , gw- became kw-.)
             | 
             | Welsh _bol_ (stomach) is cognate with English _belly_.
             | 
             | And I haven't even gotten through the Bs. Cognates are
             | fairly common. This wasn't even a list of Celtic words that
             | are cognate with English words; it was a list of Celtic
             | words that are cognate with other Celtic words.
        
               | elcritch wrote:
               | > as English is to French.
               | 
               | For basic grammar sure, but English has what 30-40% of
               | its vocabulary from French? There's also a lot of
               | influence from Latin and Greek in English as well.
               | 
               | Likely it's just less cross-cultural sharing from Welsh
               | into English. We get much more exposed to more tidbits
               | from romance languages or German in English than we do
               | Welsh or Gaelic.
               | 
               | > Italo-Celtoc hypothesis
               | 
               | Fascinating! Something to read up on.
        
               | michaelscott wrote:
               | Yeah correct, the French relationship with modern English
               | is much closer because of (among other reasons) the
               | Norman conquest that happened long after the Indo-
               | European split and much closer to our time
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > but English has what 30-40% of its vocabulary from
               | French?
               | 
               | You have to be careful what you're counting when you
               | quote figures like that. Here is your comment, but
               | including only the words derived from French:
               | 
               | -----
               | 
               | ... basic grammar sure, ............. influence ... Latin
               | ...... just .... cultural .......... exposed+ .....
               | Romance languages .................
               | 
               | + _exposed_ is unlike  "normal" French-derived words in
               | English in that it is not derived from Old French; the
               | equivalent from Old French is _expound(ed)_ , and even
               | there I'm not sure why we have _ex-_ instead of _es-_. I
               | might credit _exposed_ more to Latin than French.
               | 
               | -----
               | 
               | Here's English:
               | 
               | -----
               | 
               | for xxxx xxxx xxxx, but English has what 30 to 40 xxxx of
               | its xxxx from French? There's also a lot of xxxx from
               | xxxx and xxxx in English as well.
               | 
               | Likely it's xxxx less xxxx-xxxx sharing from Welsh into
               | English. We xxxx much more xxxx to more tidbits from xxxx
               | xxxx or xxxx in English than we do Welsh or xxxx.
               | 
               | xxxx! Something to read up on.
               | 
               | -----
               | 
               | 53 / 71 words (including _Welsh_ , but not _Gaelic_ ) are
               | native English.
               | 
               | ( _Welsh_ ultimately derives from the name of a Celtic
               | tribe known to us from Roman writers. In Germanic, the
               | name became a generic word for foreigners. I think it 's
               | fair to call it English; it was already like that in
               | proto-Germanic. _Gaelic_ is more recent.)
               | 
               | 10 / 71 words, including the somewhat questionable
               | _exposed_ , are from French.
               | 
               | 5 are Latin, two are Norse, and then there's _Gaelic_.
               | Greek is not represented except in the _-ic_ ending on
               | _Gaelic_ (or _basic_ ).
               | 
               | If you're listening to someone speak English, knowing
               | French is unlikely to be worth much.
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | Nice observation but it just illustrates what the GP is
               | saying: the basic grammar is English while a huge
               | proportion of the vocabulary comes from French. If you
               | remove the grammatical words from the English selection
               | you made, there's hardly anything left.
               | 
               | > If you're listening to someone speak English, knowing
               | French is unlikely to be worth much.
               | 
               | It can help a lot when learning because of the huge
               | vocabulary overlap, e.g. more or less every word ending
               | with -tion, you just learn to pronounce it differently
        
               | elcritch wrote:
               | P.S. Next time I'll have to listen for b- words in Welsh
               | to see if I can pick them out.
        
               | elric wrote:
               | > Welsh benyw (woman) is cognate with English queen
               | (which used to mean "woman").
               | 
               | The relationships between languages are fun and
               | fascinating. "kvinna" still means woman in Swedish.
        
               | arethuza wrote:
               | I wonder if that's where the use of "quine" for "girl"
               | comes from in North East Scotland?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quine#Scots
               | 
               | (That is to say, the Scots word descends from English,
               | not from Norse.)
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > "kvinna" still means woman in Swedish.
               | 
               | We started updating that more than a thousand years ago.
               | Get with the times already. ;D
        
             | elric wrote:
             | > Despite many Welsh not speaking it now there's more
             | active Welsh speakers than Irish Gaelic speakers!
             | 
             | I wanted to learn Welsh when I was living in Wales back in
             | the 00s, but I couldn't find anywhere to take lessons that
             | wasn't ridiculously expensive. I picked up bits and bobs
             | over the years, but hardly anyone speaks it on a regular
             | basis in the south, so I never got that much exposure.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | If you like a challenge or know any half decent private
               | torrent trackers, there are a number of dual welsh |
               | english audio and subtitled tv series about:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Welsh_television_pr
               | ogr...
        
               | nacnud wrote:
               | "Death Valley" is a recent gentle comedic crime detective
               | series on the BBC (iPlayer), set in Wales and the
               | characters frequently break into Welsh (with English
               | subtitles). It's lovely to hear!
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > Scottish
           | 
           | ...is not a term for any language. In Scotland, you might
           | want to talk about Scots (a Germanic language) or Scots
           | Gaelic (a Gaelic one).
           | 
           | Annoyingly, "Irish Gaelic" (the English phrase) uses the
           | pronunciation /geIlIk/ (first syllable rhymes with "pale"),
           | while "Scots Gaelic" uses /gaelIk/ (first syllable rhymes
           | with "pal").
        
             | Theodores wrote:
             | Scots is fascinating and the overlap with English is
             | something those that live down south (England) don't really
             | understand as it is more than an accent that is going on.
             | Coupled with Scots there are accents, such as Glaswegian,
             | which is very difficult for outsiders to understand. This
             | is why Scottish people have their 'telephone voice' for
             | when they need to communicate with English speakers that
             | are not Scottish. 'Telephone voice' means speaking s-l-o-w-
             | l-y and using words that are more widely understood, so
             | 'wee' becomes 'little' or 'small'.
             | 
             | In the parts of Wales where Welsh is spoken, an English
             | person isn't going to understand a word of it unless
             | hearing a word is for something new, so 'helicopter' is
             | still 'helicopter'. Everyone that speaks Welsh can speak
             | English just fine, with a Welsh accent, but there won't be
             | substitute words, so 'yes' is 'yes', whereas in Scots, that
             | will be 'aye'.
             | 
             | As for Scots Gaelic, good point on the pronunciation. That
             | language is on artificial life support, much like Welsh,
             | where there has to be considerable government initiatives
             | to keep it alive.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | I have found some regional Scots to sound eerily like
               | some variant of Danish.
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | Danish to me sounds like northern English, especially
               | Yorkshire, which historically makes a lot of sense.
               | Yorkshire people pronounce the O in phone as O.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > That language is on artificial life support, much like
               | Welsh, where there has to be considerable government
               | initiatives to keep it alive.
               | 
               | I am endlessly amused by the introductions in this video,
               | describing the significance of English in each guest's
               | home country:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dQiA8lz45c#t=378
               | 
               |  _[Scotland] Scotland - it 's quite a small country,
               | there's not a large population, but we obviously we used
               | to have Scots Gaelic, which was our national language but
               | then, eh... something eh... _[England pointedly looks in
               | the other direction] _another country came over and uh,
               | kind of, uh...
               | 
               | I think, honestly, the percentage of people who speak
               | Scots Gaelic is one percent. But now everyone speaks
               | English...
               | 
               | [...]
               | 
               | [Wales] We... are probably one of the most patriotic bred
               | people here. That's a bold claim. _[video cuts] _that we
               | have to be very proud of our culture and our language
               | because, uh, similar history with Scotland... so our
               | language was on the edge of dying out, but, it sounds
               | really different to English. Most people don 't know that
               | 
               | [...]
               | 
               | [Ireland] Oh, yeah, so... Ireland is similar with Wales
               | and Scotland with the... _[gestures to England] _our
               | friend..._
               | 
               | The Scotsman and the Irish girl speak only English, but
               | the Welsh girl was raised speaking Welsh, so there does
               | appear to be some comparative health.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | > It's way older than English
         | 
         | What does it mean for one language to be older than another?
         | They are both Indo-European languages, so they are descended
         | from a common ancestor and have each been continually evolving
         | since then.
        
           | AlecSchueler wrote:
           | What does it mean for me to be older than my sister, when we
           | have exactly the same ancestry?
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | It means you were born before her, but that analogy doesn't
             | work, as there is no event in the known history of English
             | or Welsh that corresponds in an obvious way to "being
             | born". It's more like saying that humans are (as a species)
             | older than bonobos -- it's not even clear what that means
             | let alone whether or not it's true.
             | 
             | There is no identifiable specific date at which people were
             | speaking something recognizably "Welsh" or recognizably
             | "English" (as opposed to proto-Indo-European). Both those
             | languages have been evolving continuously, changing
             | slightly every generation, from the point at which they
             | were the same language thousands of years ago until today.
             | Just like there is no specific identifiable date at which a
             | generation of organisms was born that was bonobos or humans
             | rather than proto-Great Apes.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | > Just like there is no specific identifiable date at
               | which a generation of organisms was born that was bonobos
               | or humans rather than proto-Great Apes.
               | 
               | And yet you can talk about certain species being older
               | than another can you not?
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | No, I don't think you can. What would it mean?
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | I'm not sure how to answer this because people do it all
               | the time. Dogs as a species are around 15-20,000 years
               | old for example, while cows only branched off from
               | aurochs around 10,000 years ago. Both species have common
               | ancestory but they are distinct and we can trace their
               | paths back and give approximate dates to the individual
               | branches, exactly as we do for languages.
        
           | marcellus23 wrote:
           | Yeah, unless a modern Welsh speaker could go back in time to
           | 1 AD and talk to native Britons, it doesn't make any sense.
           | You may as well say that Italian is older than English
           | because the Romans spoke Latin.
        
         | kitd wrote:
         | My father grew up speaking Welsh at home. Years later, on a
         | family holiday to Brittany, we heard some local old men
         | speaking Breton. My dad was able to understand much of what
         | they were saying. I had never realised the languages were that
         | close.
        
         | pbhjpbhj wrote:
         | Cymraeg dates to many years after the Roman occupation.
         | 
         | English was only established as the British language by Henry
         | VII, so preceding it isn't hard.
        
         | foxglacier wrote:
         | How is diversity of languages important or even good? Language
         | only works when it's _not_ diverse so people can understand
         | each other.
        
           | Daishiman wrote:
           | Language extends and limits thought. Languages can have
           | remarkable differences in their expressiveness and that
           | enriches the minds of those who speak them. It's not wonder
           | that being a polyglot has supposed cognitive benefits.
        
       | slater wrote:
       | Why does this entry not show up on
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=wikipedia.org ?
       | 
       | Edit: I guess it's because of the mobile URL...?
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | it does, but on the second page, because it was originally
         | posted 3 days ago.
        
           | slater wrote:
           | oh derp, so it does. thanks!
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | Not mentioned in the article but you can drink good beer there.
       | Probably this one: https://www.instagram.com/draigcerveza
        
       | thelibrarian wrote:
       | I see someone else here also listens to Ken and Robin Talk About
       | Stuff...
        
       | rossriley wrote:
       | If anyone is interested Gruf Rhys (from Super Furry Animals) made
       | a film, Separado!, where he tried to track down his Welsh family
       | that migrated to Patagonia.
       | 
       | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1505405/
        
       | gartdavis wrote:
       | I've always loved being confounded by unexpected stories like
       | this. 20 years ago, I was working to build a self-publishing
       | company - lulu.com - that would open up the world of book
       | publishing. It was not an easy journey. In 2005 a book was
       | published on the site that told the story of this welsh-
       | patagonian exclave. It sold hundreds of copies in Wales and
       | Argentina. In its narrow space, it was as much a 'bestseller' as
       | anything in the NYTimes, and it was clear that it would never
       | have been published or reached this audience any other way. It
       | was a benediction on our labors.
       | 
       | "William Casnodyn Rhys, a young theology student, dreamed of
       | establishing a Welsh colony where the Welsh language and culture
       | could be preserved...."
       | 
       | https://www.lulu.com/shop/william-casnodyn-rhys/a-welsh-song...
        
       | andycowley wrote:
       | There's a lovely episode of _Welcome to Wrexham_ where they fly
       | some fans over from Patagonia to see their football team play.
        
       | mark_undoio wrote:
       | I love the Patagonian Welsh. BBC Wales, which often has great
       | comedy, has a sitcom based around the original emigration to
       | Patagonia: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b060cd20
       | 
       | The whole thing feels very much like a Star Trek plot to me with
       | a culture leaving on a ship to an unknown world to preserve their
       | way of life - which later the crew would happen upon in some
       | episode.
        
       | eeue56 wrote:
       | Native Welsh speaker here! It has always been a dream of mine to
       | go to Y Wladfa, and share a bond through language with people
       | there.
       | 
       | One fun fact - my dad took some higher-learning Welsh exam as an
       | adult. They had to time the exam to match Patagonia, as they were
       | given the exact same exam to avoid any cheating.
        
       | yazantapuz wrote:
       | What a nice surprise to find this on HN! I live in Puerto Madryn,
       | the city celebrates its anniversary in honor of the arrival of
       | the first Welsh settlers. Around Chubut, it's pretty common to
       | see road and tourist signage in Spanish, Welsh, Aoniken and
       | English -- especially along Provincial Route 25, which connects
       | the coast to the mountains in the west. It more or less follows
       | the path the welsh took from the Chubut river valley to Esquel
       | and Trevelin.
        
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       (page generated 2025-09-29 23:02 UTC)