[HN Gopher] Frozen human brain tissue was successfully revived f...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Frozen human brain tissue was successfully revived for the first
       time
        
       Author : amichail
       Score  : 85 points
       Date   : 2024-05-18 17:41 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bgr.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bgr.com)
        
       | idiotsecant wrote:
       | Because 'lab grown self-organizing brain samples continue to grow
       | after being frozen' is a little less appealing than the clickbait
       | title
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | Small mammals up to the size of hamsters can successfully be
         | cryogenically frozen and revived significantly later. So while
         | the same thing working on small samples of human tissue is
         | completely expected it's still useful research for organ
         | transplants etc.
         | 
         | All that cryogenic preservation that showed in science fiction
         | is somewhat realistic even if we can't do it yet and it's
         | probably going to require extensive surgery beforehand to
         | enable rapid cooling.
        
           | lisper wrote:
           | > Small mammals up to the size of hamsters can successfully
           | be cryogenically frozen and revived significantly later.
           | 
           | Reference?
        
             | sanxiyn wrote:
             | https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1956.0054
             | 
             | (Yes, it's the same James Lovelock.)
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Thanks. (Those poor hamsters!)
        
         | a-r-t wrote:
         | From the article: "The researchers also applied their technique
         | to three-millimeter cubes of brain tissue from a 9-month-old
         | girl with epilepsy. The tissue maintained its pre-freezing
         | structure and remained active in a laboratory culture for at
         | least two weeks after being thawed."
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | > and remained active in a laboratory culture for at least
           | two weeks after being thawed
           | 
           | I'm sure I don't fully understand the details but this kind
           | of thing both excites and horrifies me when I ponder how much
           | brain might be necessary to sustain the experience of
           | consciousness.
        
             | lallysingh wrote:
             | Meh. If we want immorality we'll probably end up converting
             | a brain scan to an LLM.
             | 
             | Medically this could be great for preventing brain damage.
        
               | Waterluvian wrote:
               | At this point it feels like we'd required the resources
               | of an entire planet to run a single full-fidelity virtual
               | brain. Which leads to interesting science fiction
               | premises.
        
               | hateful wrote:
               | Or one entire actual brain - if it can be done once by
               | natural selection, it can be done more efficiently again
               | by a designer.
               | 
               | Time exists because the universe doesn't do calculations
               | - the only way to see the outcome is to do the thing.
               | See: The Three Body Problem
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Last I heard (I am not a brain scientist) we don't really
               | know what fidelity we would need.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_uploading#/media/File:
               | Who...
        
               | wonderwonder wrote:
               | I think OP means how do we know that the brain tissue
               | that is being used in the experiment is not conscious.
               | 
               | Here is a man that lived a normal life with 90% of his
               | brain damaged, a large portion of that just completely
               | missing.
               | 
               | https://www.sciencealert.com/a-man-who-lives-
               | without-90-of-h...
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Network pruning.
               | 
               | In ANNs, pruning 90% of the weights without substantial
               | loss isn't unheard of. I guess this may be analogous:
               | continuous pruning and fine tuning over a lifetime.
               | Though, is removing 90% of the brain more analogous to
               | 90% of weights, or 90% of the rank?
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Sneaky paragraph at the bottom:
               | 
               | > Update 3 Jan 2017: This man has a specific type of
               | hydrocephalus known as chronic non-communicating
               | hydrocephalus, which is where fluid slowly builds up in
               | the brain. Rather than 90 percent of this man's brain
               | being missing, it's more likely that it's simply been
               | compressed into the thin layer you can see in the images
               | above. We've corrected the story to reflect this.
        
               | zamalek wrote:
               | ANNs can't represent everything involved with a
               | functioning brain, never mind a highly specific ANN
               | architecture. Any consciousness or similar would need to
               | arise via an independent mechanism.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > Any consciousness or similar would need to arise via an
               | independent mechanism.
               | 
               |  _Probably_ , but even then only due to there being a lot
               | mechanisms and we don't know which of them is related to
               | the subjective experience of existing that is the meaning
               | of conscious I assume you're using here (there's
               | something like 40 definitions of "consciousness").
               | 
               | But because we don't really know where the capacity for
               | an inner experience even is, it's _not impossible_ that
               | even an LLM, which totally isn 't designed with the goal
               | of having it, _might_ nevertheless have it.
               | 
               | (I really hope they don't, I statistically suspect they
               | don't, I just can't rule it out).
        
             | lisper wrote:
             | My personal opinion is that it's not just about brain
             | quantity. I think being embedded in an environment is
             | necessary for consciousness. My argument is that there is
             | no such thing as unqualified consciousness -- you have to
             | be conscious _of something_. You 're not born aware of
             | yourself, you spend the first few years of your life
             | figuring out that you are embedded in this thing called a
             | human body that, with considerable practice, you can
             | exercise more-or-less direct control over. After more years
             | you figure out that your body is further embedded in a
             | world full of other things that you have only indirect (at
             | best) control over, or no control at all. Only after all
             | that can you draw a line between you and not-you and become
             | aware of "your" existence.
        
               | osigurdson wrote:
               | The brain is not constant during this process however. It
               | is developing at the same time.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Yes, well, that is one of the many reasons I hedged with
               | "My personal opinion is..."
        
             | velcrovan wrote:
             | Even the actual entire brain you have right now can't
             | sustain the experience of consciousness during sleep, or
             | while under the influence of sedatives, or during times of
             | sudden trauma.
        
       | FireInsight wrote:
       | I just imagined dying and then noticing myself thinking again but
       | without any sensory inputs; freaky stuff.
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | I recommend you google sleep paralysis. I experienced it a
         | couple of times when I was younger. Really scary.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | I had it once and it was the most terrifying experience of my
           | life.
        
             | deadbabe wrote:
             | Can you guys elaborate? Do you feel like you're some brain
             | in a vat somewhere when this happens?
        
               | Waterluvian wrote:
               | I could see but I couldn't move any muscles. It felt like
               | five minutes but was probably less. It happened in an
               | afternoon nap which is something I never did.
               | 
               | I was screaming internally for my girlfriend to notice
               | me. I thought I was suddenly a quadriplegic or something
               | and was panicking. Eventually my girlfriend noticed (she
               | later said she noticed my deep, heavy breathing) and
               | shook me and being shaken pulled me immediately out of
               | it.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | > I could see
               | 
               | How do you know that you weren't simply dreaming?
        
               | chrisnight wrote:
               | REM atonia, which is the paralysis that sleep paralysis
               | comes from/uses, paralyzes the majority of your body.
               | However, one organ it doesn't paralyze is your eyes,
               | hence people experiencing it generally open their eyes as
               | they try to escape it. However, even with your eyes open,
               | you can experience dream-like hallucinations overlayed
               | ontop your view of reality, hence people thinking they
               | see other entities in their bedrooms, etc. It's
               | _possible_ that it was a dream, but it's completely
               | possible it wasn't, so if a person claims they were
               | awake, then in all likelyhood they were.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Well, there's an objective test: did they see something
               | that actually happened out in the world during the
               | episode that could be verified later?
        
               | Waterluvian wrote:
               | When it happened the Monorail episode of the Simpsons was
               | on. And it continued to be on when I was shaken out of it
               | because my girlfriend suggested we just watch the rest to
               | get my mind off it.
               | 
               | It was also just a very vivid experience. I felt
               | completely awake. Just unable to do a thing.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Thanks.
        
               | luxpir wrote:
               | This has happened often enough to me that I am sometimes
               | now aware of it when it's happening, occasionally, and
               | can ride it out. I've literally "invited" more terror to
               | try to end it quicker before. As in, "yeah yeah , get it
               | over with, bring it on". I haven't questioned the
               | normality of this until now, amusingly.
               | 
               | It normally happens when I sleep on my back. I have been
               | known to make an attempt at a scream during the event.
               | I'm normally being attacked at speed, by people or things
               | that don't really have boundaries. And of course I can't
               | fight back, hence the paralysis.
               | 
               | For the scream, I think I have heard it, but because of
               | the paralysis it ends up like a loud exhale with some
               | high notes in it. I couldn't describe it as a roar. More
               | of a pitiful gurgle.
               | 
               | It is sometimes made worse by my sleeping partner trying
               | to wake me clumsily, which momentarily heightens the
               | terror, especially if my face is being nudged or jabs to
               | the ribs.
               | 
               | So not particularly fun, literally facing my demons, but
               | also probably some of the best VR you're likely to
               | experience.
               | 
               | For background, I'm a generally positive and optimistic
               | person, rational with zero belief in the supernatural,
               | despite being raised with it. Oh god I'm cursed... I kid,
               | but who knows from where these intrusive dreams
               | originate. I do practice martial arts, but this predates
               | that. I have had an interest in light combat since
               | childhood, despite pacifism and fear being more of a
               | reflection of my personality. It was probably more of an
               | 80s thing, expecting violence and quicksand at any
               | moment.
               | 
               | That's about it really, totally normal to me at this
               | point. It's probably nothing.
               | 
               | EDIT: For the record, it feels like the paralysis
               | triggers the dream, not the dream triggering the
               | paralysis. Something to do with approaching a waking
               | state in the brain but not the body. Cue the terror and
               | internal screams for help.
        
               | blegr wrote:
               | Some people feel some kind of person/presence close to
               | them, that's how it happened to me. This [1] weirdly
               | makes sense.
               | 
               | It felt kind of like those dreams where you can't move.
               | Except you've woken up, I could see the correct room and
               | position I was in. It tends to come with fear and doesn't
               | last long.
               | 
               | Never happened when I slept on my side or front. I almost
               | never sleep on my back now. Also, chronic stress could
               | have been a trigger.
               | 
               | [1] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Fuseli_
               | (1741-1...
        
             | throwaway5557c wrote:
             | I have had similar experiences a few times. One time it was
             | extremely scary. I could not move, and I experienced
             | someone whispering something unintelligible in my ear.
        
           | nuancebydefault wrote:
           | I remember that when I was around 8 or so, it happened
           | several times in the morning while waking up, that I saw
           | someone entering the bedroom while I was not able to speak or
           | move. It was terrifying. It must have been imagination, since
           | nobody appeared to have noticed anything unusual.
           | 
           | Is there a name for such event?
        
             | luxpir wrote:
             | There are (creepy) reports from the middle ages of figures
             | sitting on sleepers' chests, legs, moving towards them etc.
             | 
             | It's clearly a biological phenomenon of some description.
             | I've never really looked into it, despite experiencing it
             | often. Related my general take on it below.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | These are common symptoms of sleep paralysis -
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_paralysis
        
       | Teever wrote:
       | A few years ago I became interested in the cryonics movement.
       | 
       | What I find most interesting about it aren't the kooks and
       | weirdos that are into cryonics, but the visceral reaction that
       | your average Joe has to the idea.
       | 
       | The average opinion about cryonics seems to range from 'That is
       | impossible' to 'why would you want that?'. But if you ask that
       | same average Joe about a cure for cancer they're likely to say
       | that it's been done and the rich just horde it for themselves.
       | 
       | It's weird that they don't see things like cures for cancer,
       | regrowing organs, age slowing drugs etc... as all part of a
       | pathway to the same thing which is a technological solution to
       | many causes of aging and death.
       | 
       | Unlocking the ability to grow and store organs or even just store
       | donated organs cryogenically is highly desirable from an economic
       | standpoint has it frees up so many resources (1pc of US GDP is
       | spent on dialysis alone) so if there's a technological means to
       | do it we're going to find a way sooner or later.
       | 
       | And once we've found a way to freeze and revive large parts of
       | the body it's just a gruesome divide and conquer from there...
        
         | spondylosaurus wrote:
         | I did read an interesting thing recently (can't remember where
         | unfortunately) about ongoing strides in the transport and
         | preservation of donor organs. If we crack the code to putting a
         | kidney in ice, you can get it across the country to its new
         | owner instead of crossing your fingers that someone local needs
         | one and is a recipient match.
        
         | lttlrck wrote:
         | By my calculations 0.078% of GDP is spent on dialysis. Still
         | crazy looking at the raw numbers.
         | 
         | $20billion/$25.4trillion
         | 
         | https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/gdp
         | 
         | https://www.propublica.org/article/in-dialysis-life-saving-c...
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | imagine a life where a contract between you and a soulless
         | corporation or religious order forbids you from dying, and no
         | matter how many times you try to escape, they bring you back
         | for untold miseries.
        
           | BriggyDwiggs42 wrote:
           | I mean, sounds like a skill issue to me
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | Read those EULA's!
        
           | shrubble wrote:
           | "We need you for long term maintenance of our mainframe's
           | COBOL code base; in return we pay you very well, but when we
           | say long-term, we really mean it."
        
           | Qem wrote:
           | You must watch the movie Moon (2009). I strongly recommend.
           | See https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1182345/
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | Essentially a Ghola in the dune universe
        
           | tempaccount420 wrote:
           | Your favorite sci-fi plot is not a realistic prediction of
           | the future.
        
           | RecycledEle wrote:
           | Read "We are legion. We are Bob." It includes that plot.
           | 
           | There is alao the bit about a revived cryo-guy being a
           | computer program running an exterminator company. Then he
           | decides most teenagers at the mall need to be exterminated.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | That wasn't a religious order _forbidding him from dying_ ,
             | that was rot13 n eryvtvbhf beqre gung jnf va na nezf enpr
             | jvgu bgure pbhagevrf gung gbbx gurve bja nccebnpu gb NV naq
             | whfg svtherq gur cebgntbavfg'f oenva jnf n tbbq fubegphg.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | Imagine living happy, fulfilling endless life.
        
         | _xerces_ wrote:
         | Reminds me about an article on ECMO machines I read where they
         | are researching hooking them up to single organs and not just
         | people. If you can keep the organ alive for some time it opens
         | the possibility of making transplants easier, or even removing
         | someone's diseased liver, say and treating it outside the body
         | then putting it back a few weeks later.
        
           | mbil wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40214525
        
       | stenl wrote:
       | Freezing and thawing organoids is not new, it's fairly routine.
       | The frozen piece of brain from an epilepsy patient doesn't retain
       | "normal function". There is no evidence in the paper that it
       | integrates into neuronal circuits (this was not even tested), or
       | supports anything like normal neuronal firing. The cells are
       | alive, yes, and likely highly abnormally perturbed.
        
       | dcist wrote:
       | Big news for Ted Williams
        
         | platz wrote:
         | are you sure
         | https://www.espn.com/boston/mlb/news/story?id=4524957
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-05-18 23:01 UTC)