[HN Gopher] The Role of Diet on the Gut Microbiome, Mood and Hap...
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       The Role of Diet on the Gut Microbiome, Mood and Happiness
        
       Author : mrleinad
       Score  : 165 points
       Date   : 2023-04-26 13:06 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
        
       | GuB-42 wrote:
       | The introduction seems to be contradicting itself
       | 
       | > We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat
       | and protein to lower anxiety and depression
       | 
       | > greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated with
       | anxiety and depression
       | 
       | So? Is fat good or bad? (apparently, from the rest of the
       | article, it is good)
        
         | lcedp wrote:
         | Perhaps, in the second sentence, they meant total calories.
         | More fat with protein is good, more fat with carbs - bad.
         | According to this paper. But, yes, the abstract section could
         | be greatly improved.
        
         | mattskr wrote:
         | From what I gather, it means the combination of high fat, high
         | protein and low carb leads to lower anxiety.
         | 
         | The combination of high fat, high carb and low protein leads to
         | higher anxiety.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | I believe the study is onto something pretty conclusive. Speaking
       | anecdotally, ive never eaten anything from Chipotle that didnt
       | leave me with a haunting sensation of fear and remorse.
        
         | JPws_Prntr_Fngr wrote:
         | Chipotlaway can take care of the bloodstains, if not the fear
         | and remorse.
        
       | Llamamoe wrote:
       | I recommend this overview of effect of human diet on the gut
       | microbiome:
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950569/?report...
       | 
       | Tl;dr is that while the gut microbiome varies by diet, it's
       | largely stable after around 3 years of age, and even extreme
       | dietary changes only result in impermanent shifts in relative
       | abundances and function of your bacteria.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | n = 20
        
       | keyle wrote:
       | "... we enrolled 20 adults" ... for 2 weeks?
       | 
       | Is that really all it takes to produce a study now?
        
       | amanaplanacanal wrote:
       | This doesn't seem to be worded very well:
       | 
       | > greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated with
       | anxiety and depression
       | 
       | Carbohydrate was positively correlated, and fat was negatively
       | correlated with anxiety and depression.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Your brain needs fats. Your muscles need carbs. You need to
         | exercise both.
         | 
         | Ill never forget the comment of my grandmother, a life-long
         | surgical nurse to one of the top neurosurgeons in California.
         | 
         | -
         | 
         | My daughter was opening the fridge and eating handfuls of
         | butter when she was tall enough to do so (abt 3 years old)
         | 
         | I called my grandmother and asked her about this
         | 
         | She said to me :
         | 
         |  _" let her do it, the brain needs fats to grow"_
         | 
         | my daughter is smart as heck. She is 18 now and is wicked
         | smart.
         | 
         | --
         | 
         | Also we benefit from the Norwegian gut biom... we can handle
         | any lactose.
         | 
         | I think that gut biome transfers are actually a new genre of
         | biomedical science... (recall the ulcer guy? he proved that
         | ulcers were a bad bacteria.)
         | 
         | I really think that we should pursue gut biome treatments
        
           | fnord77 wrote:
           | The consumption of a carbohydrate-rich, protein-poor meal or
           | snack can increase the synthesis of the brain
           | neurotransmitter serotonin; proteins block this effect.
        
           | thisisbrians wrote:
           | The body can make carbs from proteins or fats. You don't
           | _need_ dietary carbs (but will naturally get some in the
           | course of eating a healthy diet).
        
           | kulahan wrote:
           | I think science is moving in this direction, but it's taking
           | time. I've seen arguments in favor of fecal infusions (where
           | they take fecal matter from someone with a healthy gut
           | microbiome to someone with an unhealthy one). It has shown
           | some promise in helping some rather stubborn illnesses. But
           | still, these things take a long time.
        
       | runlaszlorun wrote:
       | I'll confess that I've only read the abstract, but was totally
       | confused by this apparent contradiction...
       | 
       | > We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat
       | and protein to lower anxiety and depression
       | 
       | vs
       | 
       | > We have shown that changing diet affects mood and happiness,
       | that greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated
       | with anxiety and depression
       | 
       | The first says fat reduces anxiety and depression. The second
       | seems to imply it reduces it- unless "directly associated"
       | actually means "negatively correlated"??
       | 
       | Also, are they saying that increased fiber _reduces_ gut biome
       | diversity?
       | 
       | -edited for typo-
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | I guess directly associated doesn't indicate the direction of
         | the correlation. The paper could use another round of edits,
         | there are several confusing phrases.
        
         | dave84 wrote:
         | The word 'and' appears to be important here. Fat and protein.
         | Fat and carbohydrate.
        
         | kelipso wrote:
         | Looks like they didn't find significant effects when you eat
         | fat, carb, protein independently (maybe they didn't look at it
         | independently, idk). But if you eat fat along with protein, or
         | if you eat fat along with carb, they find significant effects.
        
       | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
       | Last year, I went on a diet of only strawberry flavored candy
       | peeps. I lost 50 lbs, my skin cleared up, and I feel like I have
       | more energy. Clearly an all candy diet is something we need more
       | research on, as it seems the status quo is to undersell the
       | advantages of this high sucrose diet.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: I now have Type 2 diabetes.
        
       | SCAQTony wrote:
       | I was disappointed how vague carbs were defined, but I suspect we
       | can all agree the best diet for an omnivore is the least
       | processed food is the best choice. Anything that comes in a box
       | or can should be suspect. Soup is best when the broth is made
       | from leftover chicken bones and the rest of it with chicken meat
       | and raw veggies. Fruit is better than candy, fish is better than
       | bacon. YMMV
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | > I suspect we can all agree the best diet for an omnivore is
         | the least processed food is the best choice
         | 
         | Given that nobody can even _define_ what  "processed food"
         | means: no, no we cannot all agree on that. It's an utterly
         | meaningless term.
        
       | mattwest wrote:
       | Last year, I started an experiment with my diet.
       | 
       | It started with the idea of eating as cheaply as possible with
       | nutrient dense foods, but I started off with an elimination diet.
       | 
       | I chose 2-3 "meals" that I could easily prep and only cost $2-4
       | each. Mostly eggs, ground beef, white rice, potatoes. I quickly
       | added bell peppers and onions.
       | 
       | I tracked macros, and filled in the micros with new additions.
       | Calories as well of course.
       | 
       | The result was fantastic.
       | 
       | 1. I got really fast at cooking, and even now that I cook more
       | complex meals, I'm much faster than before. Probably because I
       | introduced new ingredients gradually and maintained efficiency in
       | the kitchen.
       | 
       | 2. My ability to eyeball macros on a plate is pretty good now.
       | It's much easier to regulate my energy levels because of this. I
       | can also guess my bodyweight within ~5lbs before checking the
       | scale.
       | 
       | 3. I figured out what I digest most easily. As an athlete, I
       | can't really afford to have days where I'm "bathroom dependent".
       | 
       | The consistency in all these aspects has greatly improved my
       | life.
       | 
       | If you want to get better at cooking, understand your body
       | better, save time, and eat a healthier diet, this method might
       | work well for you.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: after the first 2-3 weeks, I switched from 100%
       | compliance to ~80% compliance. That way I get the benefits of
       | regimented eating without going crazy. Even if you eat healthy,
       | it's not good to obsess over calories and food options.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _I chose 2-3 "meals" that I could easily prep and only cost
         | $2-4 each. Mostly eggs, ground beef, white rice, potatoes. I
         | quickly added bell peppers and onions_
         | 
         | I do this for home lunches. The gustatory and health benefits
         | of a varied diet are too much to ignore. But the efficiency
         | gains, and comfort in the familiar, are also appealing.
         | 
         | So one of eggs or salmon; brown rice or farro; and combinations
         | of bell peppers, alliums (usually onions, scallions and
         | garlic), cherry tomatoes and any other junk I have in the
         | vegetable drawer. Bonus points for cooked in a wok, because
         | cook time is like thirty seconds and you keep crisp yet still
         | sweetened veggies.
         | 
         | > _figured out what I digest most easily. As an athlete, I can
         | 't really afford to have days where I'm "bathroom dependent"_
         | 
         | Would note that most of our guts are super adaptable. Avoiding
         | foods that upset your stomach is reasonable. But doing this too
         | much can sensitize the gut.
        
         | reubenswartz wrote:
         | I make a salad most days for lunch. Some variation in
         | ingredients, but I can have a healthy meal in < 5 minutes that
         | I actually crave and I have good energy through out the
         | afternoon. If you had told me when I was younger that I do this
         | and it's not a punishment, I would not have believed you, but
         | highly recommend.
        
       | Balooga wrote:
       | I lost about 70lbs in about 10 months by cutting out processed
       | foods, cutting out foods with added sugar, eating foods having a
       | _low_ glycemic index, eating a lot of chicken, whole vegetables,
       | whole fruit. And by not juicing, and not drinking smoothies.
       | 
       | I also did a lot of strength training so as to lose fat and not
       | muscle.
       | 
       | I didn't try to reduce the amount of calories I was eating, just
       | change where those calories were coming from.
       | 
       | Weight went _poof_. Energy went way up and my mood improved.
        
         | snapcaster wrote:
         | Great job! I hope you're proud of yourself 70 pounds is pretty
         | amazing
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | I lost 80 pounds eating hot dogs and kimchi for about six
         | months. No exercise at all.
         | 
         | I don't know what this means exactly only that people act like
         | I'm crazy when I mention it.
        
           | Balooga wrote:
           | Not crazy. Well done!
           | 
           | The thing with losing weight is that it doesn't differentiate
           | between fat and muscle. So unless the body has a reason to
           | keep the muscle around (the weight training) the body will
           | absorb it (because of the calorie deficit).
           | 
           | The weight training helps limit the weight loss to the fat.
           | This will also help to keep the body from looking like a
           | deflated balloon when all that weight is lost.
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | > cutting out foods with added sugar, eating foods having a low
         | glycemic index, eating a lot of chicken, whole vegetables,
         | whole fruit
         | 
         | This is great advice for most people, depending on what "whole"
         | means. Am I allowed to cut and cook my vegetables? Stick them
         | in a food processor? Are they still "whole" then? I've never
         | understood why people even bother to throw this word "whole"
         | into anything. You just mean you didn't drink smoothies and
         | concentrated fruit juice?
         | 
         | > cutting out processed foods
         | 
         | This is utterly meaningless bullshit.
         | 
         | > I also did a lot of strength training so as to lose fat and
         | not muscle.
         | 
         | This may be the main reason you lost weight and feel better. If
         | nothing else, it may be the reason you were able to stick to
         | your dietary changes. I think everyone I know who lost a
         | significant amount of weight was into strength training while
         | they did it.
        
           | NegativeK wrote:
           | When people refer to "processed foods", they're talking about
           | things like frozen dinners and industrially prepared fried
           | foods. Similarly, when people talk about "whole vegetables",
           | I assume they're referring to buying the ingredient in the
           | produce section and eating it without a bunch of fats and
           | sugars.
           | 
           | > This is utterly meaningless bullshit.
           | 
           | This is unnecessarily combative. Unless you just want to
           | score internet points by insulting people, everyone
           | (including you) will get a lot more out of discussions if you
           | steelman the other person's argument.
        
           | smolder wrote:
           | Processed foods are a vaguely defined and somewhat arbitrary
           | category of foods, but that does _not_ mean the correlation
           | between foods being highly processed and unhealthy is BS.
           | Things that have ingredients like brominated vegetable oil or
           | various other preservatives and stabilizers for texture and
           | shelf life, artificial colors and lots of HFCS, meat slurries
           | that have been pumped through tubes and formed into precise
           | shapes, the  "simulated yogurt" that wrapped the raisins in
           | my trail mix... None of that stuff is a favor to your health.
           | 
           | Food optimized for mass market scale and profitability is
           | practically never optimized for nutritional value, except as
           | a hollow gimmick, e.g. Vitamin Water.
        
           | Balooga wrote:
           | > cutting out foods with added sugar, eating foods having a
           | low glycemic index, eating a lot of chicken, whole
           | vegetables, whole fruit
           | 
           | >> This is great advice for most people, depending on what
           | "whole" means. Am I allowed to cut and cook my vegetables?
           | 
           | Cooked, steamed, cut. Yes. Basically just don't "juice" or
           | smoothie anything. The idea is to have your digestive system
           | do as much of the "processing" as possible, and not outsource
           | this to some external system. The longer it takes the food to
           | digest, the longer you stay feeling "full". And feeling full
           | really helps when it comes to weight loss. It's also harder
           | to eat a dozen large whole oranges and bananas than it is to
           | drink them.
           | 
           | > cutting out processed foods
           | 
           | >> This is utterly meaningless bullshit.
           | 
           | Keeping the glycemic index low means you automatically avoid
           | foods like TV dinners, McDonalds burgers, highly processed
           | white bread, etc.
        
       | RugnirViking wrote:
       | Interesting. Note this has not yet been peer-reviewed, so
       | findings must be taken with an especially large pinch of salt
       | even compared to your average paper. In this case, they only
       | looked at 20 adults over 2 weeks, so I feel that any conclusions
       | drawn here are circumstancial at best.
       | 
       | Apparently the reseach was funded by NIH and therefore at least
       | partly the taxpayer. Seems like a bit of a strange study to fund,
       | in my opinion nothing useful can possibly result from such a tiny
       | study. I tried tracking down the specific grant they were given
       | (they mention NIH award UL1 TR-002378 in the disclosure section
       | of the paper but I can't find anything from that)
        
         | peebz wrote:
         | Don't go too heavy on the salt.
        
           | RugnirViking wrote:
           | I suppose without further research we won't have any clue
           | what effect salt will or won't have on my emotional state ;)
           | 
           | But seriously, there is pretty much no point discussing the
           | conclusions of such a deeply flawed paper.
        
         | kevviiinn wrote:
         | Most grants fund large projects out of which smaller papers are
         | written. I don't think any grant is funding individual papers
         | like you seem to imply
        
         | eyeundersand wrote:
         | This was going to be my comment too. N = 20 is atrocious and
         | that too only over 2 weeks. Think any significant, measurable
         | changes to mental health outcomes would probably take a lot
         | longer than that to manifest. I further find results from any
         | kind of "food recall" surveys (or just surveys in general) hard
         | to believe. Stated vs. revealed preferences/outcomes should be
         | a bigger debate imo.
        
         | robwwilliams wrote:
         | Absolutely right. This is not even a proper pilot study.
        
         | c_elegant wrote:
         | > Some limitations to this study beyond the subjective nature
         | of the term "mood," are compliance with following the study
         | protocol, lack of exact control over the first and final diets,
         | and uBiome's bankruptcy that limited sample size further than
         | expected.
         | 
         | This is what you're looking for: it's a pilot study seeded by
         | now-disgraced/bankrupt uBiome.
        
           | salamanderman wrote:
           | This should be the top comment.
        
       | blakesterz wrote:
       | "After the diet change, we observed significant changes in
       | measures of anxiety, well-being and happiness, and without
       | changes in gut microbiome diversity. We found strong correlations
       | between greater consumption of fat and protein to lower anxiety
       | and depression, while consuming higher percentages of
       | carbohydrates was associated with increased stress, anxiety, and
       | depression."
       | 
       | I think most of us would agree that makes sense? Eat like crap,
       | feel like crap?                 "We also found strong negative
       | correlations between total calories and total fiber intake with
       | gut microbiome diversity without correlations to measures of
       | mental health, mood or happiness.... inversely correlated with
       | gut microbiome diversity."
       | 
       | I kept reading this second paragraph trying to understand the
       | "without correlations" part. And also the negative correlations
       | part. And then the full-text has this, which helped I think:
       | "Furthermore, total calories and fiber had a negative correlation
       | with gut microbiome diversity, and anxiety and depression
       | decrease as the gut diversity increases."
        
         | runlaszlorun wrote:
         | > I think most of us would agree that makes sense? Eat like
         | crap, feel like crap?
         | 
         | I'm just an average joe trying to figure out how to improve a
         | diet, but I haven't found much of a consensus regarding fats vs
         | proteins vs carbohydrates.
        
           | denvaar wrote:
           | In the same boat. Lately I try to just focus on cutting out
           | processed foods and sugar.
        
           | throw8383833jj wrote:
           | Nutritionists will tell you what really matters is what type
           | of fat/protein/carbohydrate. It's not one or the other. You
           | need to eat plant based whole foods protein, fat and carbs
           | too. For the most part, humans are carbohydrate processing
           | machines (good carbs: like beans, whole grains, fruits,
           | vegetables), these should be your staples.
        
             | snapcaster wrote:
             | I disagree with this advice. I think getting carbs as low
             | as you're personally able to and maximizing fat + protein
             | is going to be way more successful
             | 
             | source: me, a guy who lost 50 pounds 5 years ago and hasn't
             | regained it
        
               | faizshah wrote:
               | That diet is good for weight loss it's not good for
               | overall health. Search on google scholar about "Whole
               | food plant based diet" you will find many studies on this
               | diet especially focusing on cardiovascular health
               | improvements.
               | 
               | A good starter is the BROAD study:
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/nutd20173
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | Just try stuff out, you have your whole life to figure out
           | what works for you diet wise. You won't die if you cut out
           | carbs or meat or only eat hard boiled eggs for a week or
           | something.
           | 
           | It may feel like a huge sacrifice eating a hyper-restrictive
           | diet for 2-3 weeks but you have thousands of weeks of life.
           | Personally I feel pretty dialed in with a diet high in fatty
           | meats (beef, salmon) fibrous carbs and cooked vegetables (raw
           | vegetables mess my stomach up).
           | 
           | Currently I am playing around with my "default weight" and if
           | it can be adjusted. There is a weight we all sit at if we eat
           | a relatively healthy diet to satiety and I am wondering if it
           | can be adjusted. i.e. if someone sits at 170-180 for years
           | and then goes through some intense shift that drops them to
           | 150, will they bounce all the way back to their old "normal"
           | range or is a new lower one established where they can
           | consume the same number of calories to satiety but their
           | weight remains in the lower range.
        
           | pnathan wrote:
           | The corner of the weightlifting world I keep an eye on has
           | centralized around protein, veggies, and few carbs.
           | 
           | The other angle to look at is satiety; good food should also
           | have a satiety so you don't go back and munch. :)
        
           | hombre_fatal wrote:
           | Minimize saturated fat (by replacing it with unsaturated
           | fat). Get enough protein. Eat healthy carbs*.
           | 
           | * On HN and other social media, "carbs" is a euphemism for
           | sugar and cake rather than beans and vegetables, so people
           | will talk about how carbs made them fat when you know they're
           | not talking about slamming back-to-back cans of garbanzos.
           | 
           | And don't take any nutrition advice seriously that doesn't
           | break fat apart into saturated and unsaturated.
        
             | danesparza wrote:
             | "slamming back-to-back cans of garbanzos"
             | 
             | I think I just threw up a little bit in my mouth ...
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | You're missing out. Here's Internet Shaquille's video on
               | how to prepare them as a snack in 5 minutes:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5EU76q3Vf3Q
               | 
               | Highly recommend you try it. Get the Del Monte canned
               | garbanzos if you live in North America.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Garbanzo beans have the texture of old ear wax, is sort
               | of my problem with them. I have never been able to tell
               | if I even like how they taste, because the texture is
               | just so very off-putting.
        
               | philote wrote:
               | Do you like hummus?
        
               | xdavidliu wrote:
               | I agree, yet I love them anyway. Shrimp, on the other
               | hand...
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | As far as I can tell the best research is that saturated
             | fat is pretty neutral. Earlier research blaming saturated
             | fat was flawed.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | There is a whole mountain of evidence that saturated fat
               | increases LDL cholesterol and better markers like Apo B.
               | Placebo controlled, double-blind interventions. You can
               | even run the experiment on yourself with monthly blood
               | panels.
               | 
               | Are you contesting that?
               | 
               | That's pretty settled science. Low-carb influencers don't
               | even deny that, so they instead try to hand-wave that
               | high LDL/ApoB aren't a problem. Usually with some
               | quackery over how atherosclerosis works, usually claiming
               | that lipids only pass through the arterial endothelium
               | when it's inflamed (false, they pass through anyways).
               | 
               | The balance of evidence showing that LDL cholesterol and
               | better markers like Apo B cause CVD and atherosclerosis
               | is so huge I'm not sure where I'd start if I wanted to
               | deny it.
               | 
               | What research do you think is so convincing that it
               | supersedes this balance of evidence?
        
               | uberduper wrote:
               | My understanding of the low carb argument here is that
               | LDL isn't inherently bad, but oxidized LDL is and that
               | LDL requires a high blood sugar environment for
               | oxidation. I don't have any reason to know if that's
               | right or wrong. I hope it's right, but I also have made
               | efforts to avoid processed meats high in saturated fats
               | (like salami, cold cuts) just in case.
        
               | el_don_almighty wrote:
               | I was going to ask what you think "LDL" cholesterol means
               | with regard to its actual fractional measurement instead
               | of calculated volumetric level, but then I decided you
               | seemed content with your worldview and it wasn't really
               | disturbing me personally.
               | 
               | As I get older, I find more enjoyment using my magnifying
               | glass for discovery than burning
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | You have tapped into a logical fallacy. A is associated
               | with B. B is associated with C. This in no way indicates
               | that A causes C. It just doesn't. You have to show that A
               | and C are associated, then you have to determine
               | causation. You can't skip steps.
               | 
               | I see this all the time in nutrition "science", and it is
               | just bad science.
        
             | adriand wrote:
             | I think "healthy carbs" might be a bit too vague. There are
             | simple and complex carbohydrates, and the latter can be
             | further broken down between starchy carbohydrates like
             | grains and fibrous carbohydrates like vegetables. There is
             | nothing inherently unhealthy about any of these types of
             | carbohydrates: simple carbs (e.g. fructose) are in fruit,
             | complex carbs in whole grains, etc. I think it is probably
             | more helpful to avoid processed foods rather than to try
             | and label carbohydrates themselves as healthy or unhealthy.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | I don't think it's vague considering my second paragraph.
               | Eat whole foods. Avoid the Coca-Cola and cake and
               | packaged goods that most people are referring to when
               | they demonize carbs.
               | 
               | Fruit and vegetables, go ahead. I just lightly pan fried
               | some potato cubes and tossed in random veg for breakfast.
               | 
               | I don't want to do a whole diet breakdown every time I
               | scrawl something about nutrition on HN. But more HNers
               | should subscribe to evidence-based reporters on the topic
               | like Simon Hill and Gil Carvalho rather than evidence
               | deniers like most of the low-carb space and quacks like
               | Eric Berg.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Whole fruit is probably fine. Fruit _juices_ are more
               | similar to that can of coke and should probably be
               | avoided.
        
               | Quarrel wrote:
               | Step one of almost all diets should be "Don't drink
               | calories".
               | 
               | Become a HydroHomie today.
        
               | ca_tech wrote:
               | Agreed. I have found it very helpful to not think about
               | how "healthy" something is. Rather think about how the
               | body will use that food as fuel. Andy Galpin has a good
               | video going through the physiology of how the body
               | processes carbohydrates.
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdMOsnILT00 Once I had an
               | understanding of how macro nutrients are processed in the
               | body and how they are used as fuel I could better match
               | meals to intended outcomes.
        
             | TylerLives wrote:
             | A different take on PUFAs -
             | https://raypeat.com/articles/articles/unsaturatedfats.shtml
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | A different take in the same way an astrologist's blog
               | gives us a different take on the planet Saturn.
               | 
               | If anything Ray Peat, a quack, says is true, then why do
               | things like PUFAs improve human health outcomes in the
               | literature? He says PUFAs cause atherosclerosis and SFA
               | protects against it, so why does human outcome data show
               | the opposite? And how many animal studies is he going to
               | bring up?
               | 
               | Ray Peat is a good example of how far contrarianism will
               | take you in the nutrition celeb space. Probably because
               | we like to decide on what we want to eat first and then
               | shop for claims that support it which is 10000x easier
               | than deciding on what to eat based on the greatest
               | evidence.
               | 
               | Here's a good post that summarizes some PUFA literature
               | in response to the social media "seed oil" scare:
               | https://www.the-nutrivore.com/post/a-comprehensive-
               | rebuttal-...
        
               | TylerLives wrote:
               | Great questions. I'm busy right now, but I promise to go
               | through the article in the next few days and respond. I'm
               | open to having my mind changed, though I must admit I
               | started feeling better when I started following Ray
               | Peat's advice. I wonder if it could be that different
               | people respond differently to different diets. Have you
               | tried sharing your article on raypeatforum? You say that
               | he's a "quack", but I've never seen him arguing in bad
               | faith and people there are usually friendly and try to be
               | objective and open to new ideas.
        
             | snapcaster wrote:
             | Did you confuse saturated and unsaturated fat? Saturated
             | fat isn't bad for you and unsaturated fats have some
             | serious issues in how your body uses them. This comment
             | feels like it was posted by someone in 1997
        
               | millimeterman wrote:
               | The strong scientific consensus is that saturated fats
               | are worse for you than unsaturated fats.
               | 
               | The idea that saturated fats are better than unsaturated
               | fats is a small minority opinion. It's all the rage with
               | wellness influencer types, but it is currently supported
               | by far less evidence than the consensus.
        
               | Snoo7654 wrote:
               | I think you might have them confused yourself. First
               | result from google: "Saturated fats (including a type
               | called trans fat) tend to stay solid and can cause fatty
               | deposits in blood vessels, leading to atherosclerosis
               | ("hardening of the arteries"). By contrast, unsaturated
               | fats stay liquid at room temperature and are less likely
               | to clog your arteries."
        
               | ehaliewicz2 wrote:
               | Nope, there are recent studies that dispute this. Of
               | course, there are older studies that dispute those newer
               | studies.
               | 
               | However, it is clear that dietary fat does not just
               | directly go into your circulatory system.
        
           | EFreethought wrote:
           | There are different types of carbs. Generally simple carbs
           | (usually called "sugars") are more likely to get converted to
           | fat if you do not use them for energy right away.
           | 
           | A few decades ago food companies came out with "low fat"
           | versions of snacks that had a lot of sugar in them. They
           | still made people fat because people are more of them, since
           | they thought the low fat versions were better for them.
           | 
           | And now there are a lot of people pushing low-carb or no-carb
           | diets saying all carbs are bad. Your body does not process
           | whole wheat bread the same way as a ho-ho. I knew a dietician
           | who said being on a ketosis diet is as good for you as being
           | on a cirrhosis diet. On the other hand, there are some breads
           | that have high fructose corn syrup added, so you need to look
           | out for that.
           | 
           | The same principle applies to fats. Omega-3 fatty acids are
           | good for you, and other types of fats are not. There are
           | saturated fats (aka trans fats, generally bad),
           | polyunsaturated, monounsaturated (not as bad). Your body does
           | not process these in exactly the same ways, so saying you are
           | eating more or less fat than before is not really as useful
           | of a statement as it seems.
           | 
           | So you cannot say that all fats are equally bad or all carbs
           | are equally good.
           | 
           | I do not think the same principle applies to the other two
           | macros. I think you can say alcohol is bad and protein is
           | good and leave it at that.
        
           | stronglikedan wrote:
           | I improved mine significantly by just cutting out processed
           | foods. Almost everything I eat is made from whole
           | ingredients, and no artificial or "diet" anything. I'm in
           | much better shape, both mentally and physically, because of
           | it. It also helps with portion control, since I'm getting the
           | maximum amount of nutrients from my food, so I don't "feel
           | hungry later".
        
             | feoren wrote:
             | > processed foods
             | 
             | > whole ingredients
             | 
             | These are utterly meaningless terms. You "process" food by
             | cutting and cooking it. Everything is processed. Everything
             | is GMO -- have you seen what corn looked like before humans
             | bred it? Everything is organic. Everything is "whole".
             | Nutrition is too complicated and too individualized for
             | these nonsense labels.
             | 
             | > I'm getting the maximum amount of nutrients from my food
             | 
             | This is utter nonsense. _Some_ processing steps remove
             | _some_ nutrients from _some_ foods. Other processing steps
             | _add_ nutrients that you need. Plenty of foods have
             | nutrients that are completely unavailable for your body
             | until you cook it (many veggies) -- PROCESSING! Other
             | nutrients are destroyed by too much cooking (Vitamin C, I
             | believe). You better be glad the salt you eat is
             | "processed" by adding iodine to it. The water you drink is
             | "processed" by adding fluoride to it. Those last 2 are some
             | of the biggest public health successes in human history.
             | 
             | I'm glad you're feeling better, but it's 100% from paying
             | attention to what you're eating, and 0% from this bullshit
             | about "whole" or "unprocessed" foods with "maximum
             | nutrients". Stop spreading this bullshit.
        
               | qzx_pierri wrote:
               | You're nitpicking
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "Stop spreading this bullshit."
               | 
               | Looking at the entirety of your comment, you should
               | really apply this advice to yourself.
               | 
               | Highly processed or ultra-processed food is absolutely a
               | meaningful term. The United Nations published so-called
               | NOVA food classification which divides food into four
               | categories by the amount of processing it received.
               | 
               | Category 4 is what OP was talking about. Industrially
               | processed stuff full of preservatives, artificial
               | coloring, hydrogenated oils, protein isolate,
               | maltodextrin, invert sugar etc. Unlike the other three
               | categories, this sort of industrial processing is a
               | relative newcomer, it wasn't even a thing 100 or 150
               | years ago, so it is entirely plausible that our guts and
               | our gut biome may not be happy about it.
        
               | feoren wrote:
               | > Highly processed or ultra-processed food is absolutely
               | a meaningful term.
               | 
               | And yet nobody said "avoid ultra-processed food as
               | defined by NOVA". They said "avoid processed foods" and
               | "eat whole foods". It's extremely generous to assume
               | everyone reading the former translates that in their head
               | to "avoid ultra-processed food as defined by NOVA". And
               | the latter is meaningless.
               | 
               | Even if that _is_ what they really mean, that 's really
               | surface-level advice. There are foods in Tier 4 that are
               | just fine. There are foods in Tier 4 that are _more_
               | nutritious than  "whole foods" are. Note that if you add
               | whey protein to your soy milk, you have just _created an
               | ultra-processed food_!
        
               | npunt wrote:
               | It sounds like you're expecting others to provide
               | complex-but-accurate advice when OP and most of the
               | responders are happy with simple-and-implementable
               | advice. A lot of the discourse around diets comes down to
               | tension between these two.
               | 
               | Simple-and-implementable is something you can deploy in
               | the moment without knowing things beforehand. If you're
               | at a grocery store, you can ask yourself "is this really
               | processed?" as a simple filter that will largely steer
               | you right. Similarly, Michael Pollan's advice to "Eat
               | food. Not too much. Mostly plants" resonates with a huge
               | number of people because it's a simple, actionable, not
               | very fussy way to approach eating.
               | 
               | Complex-but-accurate advice is stuff like 'let me look up
               | if this follows the definition of tier 3 or 4 processed',
               | or 'I have to have 5g net carbs today and this is 1.2g so
               | I have 3.8g left'. This has a much higher cognitive load,
               | requires a lot of research and pre-planning, and is
               | unlikely to be implemented in the moment nor sustained
               | long term. It's also a place where people can develop
               | unhealthy psychological relationships with food and
               | eating by being hypervigilant about complex rules.
               | 
               | Most people find their lives work best with simple-and-
               | implementable rules of thumb for food.
        
               | soneca wrote:
               | > _" You "process" food by cutting and cooking it.
               | Everything is processed"_
               | 
               | No one means that cutting a carrot make it into
               | "processed food". You are changing a mostly commonly
               | understood definition to a new wanna-be-technically-
               | correct one you just made up only to suit your argument.
               | 
               | There is a grey area in the definition of processed
               | foods, but it's not close as large as your definition
               | maintains.
        
               | eikenberry wrote:
               | There is no commonly understood definition of processed
               | foods. That is the problem. People throw the term around
               | like it does mean something but they can't define it.
               | 
               | Please show me I'm wrong and give a concise definition of
               | what makes some food processed. The internet needs a good
               | definition as these conversations always just end up with
               | hand waving as there is no consensus of what food is
               | what.
        
               | abdullahkhalids wrote:
               | The UN has a well defined categorization of foods
               | according to the amount and type of processing [1]. You
               | can identify the processing level of many food item by
               | using this search engine [2].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.fao.org/3/ca5644en/CA5644EN.pdf
               | 
               | [2] https://world.openfoodfacts.org/product/3017620422003
               | /nutell...
        
               | feoren wrote:
               | Thank you for these links. If nothing else, the UN
               | document at least defines what it's talking about. It's
               | 3rd tier, "processed food", is basically: watch out, they
               | added oil, salt, or other preservatives. The same people
               | worried about "processed foods" are adding their own oil
               | to foods (rightly so, usually!). But when a factory does
               | it, _LOOK OUT!_. I mean, yes: watch your salt intake if
               | you eat a lot of canned foods. That 's real advice.
               | 
               | It's not until you get to Tier 4 (ultra-processed foods)
               | that you start to see anything legitimately concerning.
               | And indeed if the advice everyone was parroting was
               | "avoid ultra-processed foods as defined by the FAO", then
               | I'd care a lot less about it. Even still, the FAO says
               | that ingredients added to ultra-processed foods include:
               | 
               | > varieties of sugars (fructose, high-fructose corn
               | syrup, 'fruit juice concentrates', invert sugar,
               | maltodextrin, dextrose, lactose), modified oils
               | (hydrogenated or interesterified oils) and sources of
               | protein (hydrolysed proteins, soya protein isolate,
               | gluten, casein, whey protein, and 'mechanically separated
               | meat').
               | 
               | Avoid sugars and foods with high glycemic indices.
               | Absolutely avoid high-fructose corn syrup. Avoid
               | hydrogenated fats; there is clear evidence they are
               | harmful. Those sources of protein? Health nuts add that
               | stuff to their soy milk all the time! Details matter!
               | 
               | My point is that there are _specific_ processing steps
               | that affect _specific_ foods. Advice on how to identify
               | and avoid those foods is fine. But that 's not what
               | anyone is saying: they're saying "avoid processed foods"
               | and "eat whole foods". Those terms are _meaningless_ as
               | they use them. It 's non-advice. It's water-muddying
               | bordering on misinformation.
        
               | snapcaster wrote:
               | What a weird hill to die on. I think you might be reading
               | more "woo" into the comment you're responding to than is
               | necessary. It's fine if you keep eating your
               | microwaveable factory slop and keep convincing yourself
               | it's identical to cutting a carrot or cooking vegetables
               | but I'm skeptical you'll convince many people of this
        
             | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
             | There is so much debate and disagreement in nutrition that
             | "eat no or very little processed foods; eat a lot of
             | vegetables and fruits; and don't eat too much" is basically
             | all you need to do or say. A lot of people wildly
             | overcomplicate it, but if you don't have a metabolic
             | disorder or a clearly defined dietary condition, then you
             | can have a diverse and healthy diet pretty easily. A plus
             | is you almost always end up learning to cook.
        
           | brian_cunnie wrote:
           | > fats vs proteins vs carbohydrates
           | 
           | There's a Stanford professor who did a study comparing low-
           | carb vs. low-fat diets. The surprising result: both groups
           | lost weight.
           | 
           | My take (speculative): both groups cut out a lot of processed
           | food. It's the processed food that's making us fat.
        
             | mahogany wrote:
             | You may be right about processed food, but I have a more
             | boring speculation: most people lose weight by starting
             | _any diet_ simply because they begin to think more
             | carefully about the food they are ingesting.
        
           | nawgz wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | jader201 wrote:
             | > _Really? Are you reading articles sponsored by Big Ag or
             | something?_
             | 
             | > _Edit: downvoters really need to open up Wikipedia and
             | read "Essential Nutrients"_ > _This is a comical set of
             | people downvoting me while literally stating facts, because
             | Big Ag propaganda worked on them_
             | 
             | Regardless of your facts, I'd say the downvotes are from
             | your tone here.
             | 
             | See the guidelines[1], particularly the first two
             | paragraphs under "In Comments":
             | 
             | > _Be kind. Don 't be snarky. Converse curiously; don't
             | cross-examine. Edit out swipes._
             | 
             | > _Please don 't fulminate. Please don't sneer, including
             | at the rest of the community._
             | 
             | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | BobbyJo wrote:
             | Fats are not universally healthy. Saturated fats (above a
             | threshold) and Trans fats are bad for you, the latter being
             | very unhealthy and basically the worst thing you can eat.
             | 
             | Conversely, the right carbohydrates can be very healthy
             | when consumed correctly.
             | 
             | "Essential" means just that, essential. It doesn't say
             | anything about how much you should eat, how often, when, or
             | anything else. Plenty of unessential things are good to
             | consume, like non-essential amino acids.
             | 
             | The leading cause of death for the developed world is heart
             | disease, and a diet high in saturated fat and low in fiber
             | is a great way to get it.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | > I, like anyone with any knowledge of nutrition, am
               | saying "it's obviously protein and fat, the stuff that
               | helps you grow"
               | 
               | Every major study comparing keto and other more balanced
               | diets disagrees with you. Carbs aren't just good for what
               | they are mixed with, but also because they can displace
               | more harmful sources of energy, like saturated fats. Most
               | things that are 0 carb, have lots of saturated fat and
               | cholesterol. Note: Dietary cholesterol can have a
               | disproportionate affect on blood lipids depending on your
               | genetics, despite all the people clamoring that it
               | doesn't matter.
               | 
               | It's not nit-picking if you're giving blanket advice
               | that's misleading.
               | 
               | Necessary does not mean sufficient. In biology, necessary
               | doesn't even mean harmless. It is often best to get
               | small, or even minimal, amounts of needed things, like
               | salt or iron.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | > Necessary does not mean sufficient. In biology,
               | necessary doesn't even mean harmless
               | 
               | Has anyone even used the word "necessary" in the entire
               | thread? What are you on about?
               | 
               | > It's not nit-picking if you're giving blanket advice
               | that's misleading
               | 
               | What advice am I giving that's misleading?
               | 
               | I am stating: in general, carbs are unnecessary for your
               | health, and the goal behind consuming them should be to
               | acquire nutrients, not calories from carbohydrate
               | sources. Carbohydrate sources can help with energy, but
               | little else. Eating healthy proteins and fats should be
               | prioritized.
               | 
               | Thoughts of eating processed bullshit with full of
               | saturated and trans fats is only coming out of your side
               | of this conversation.
        
             | joshmanders wrote:
             | Except you need carbohydrates. Many people consider "carbs"
             | as bread, sugar and other "bad" things but many things you
             | consider "good" are also carbs, like veggies.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | > Except you need carbohydrates
               | 
               | Your usage of need is directly contrary to the dictionary
               | definition of need. Have you heard of ketosis?
               | 
               | > many things you consider "good" are also carbs, like
               | veggies
               | 
               | Veggies are not good for the carbs they contain (Fiber
               | has some value of course, but not really as a
               | carbohydrate), but instead for the nutrients (commonly
               | known as "vitamins/minerals") they contain in edible
               | forms for our bodies.
               | 
               | There is no purpose to carbohydrates in and of
               | themselves, they provide one energy-burning source and
               | certain classes of carbohydrates are consumed to provide
               | important nutrients, but the carbohydrate itself is never
               | a high value intake.
        
               | numbsafari wrote:
               | > Have you heard of ketosis?
               | 
               | Do you even lift?
        
               | guhcampos wrote:
               | "Never" is a bit extreme. It's almost never high value
               | for the average programmer Joe, but super high value for
               | athletes, physically taxing jobs, amateur runners and so
               | on.
               | 
               | Both carbs value and dread come from their quick, easily
               | convertible energy, which used to be a big plus when we
               | were all working the land or building stuff, but indeed
               | has very little value when we sit on our assets all day.
        
             | ldehaan wrote:
             | [dead]
        
         | mfer wrote:
         | I wish it detailed the types of carbs.
         | 
         | Carbs from whole grains and things like fruit are different
         | from processed carbs where the supporting parts of the food are
         | removed. That's why Keto bread will look at fiber compared to
         | total carbs. It depends on the form of carb.
         | 
         | I wish the overview touched on the different types of carbs and
         | their impact. Not all carbs are alike.
        
           | DrThunder wrote:
           | Better, but still carbs. It's just harder to eat a lot of
           | those. I would challenge "whole grains" actually being any
           | better at all.
           | 
           | Honestly, I think the whole fiber intake stuff is bs.
           | Anecdotally, I feel much better on a low fiber high protein
           | diet than anything else. So does the rest of my family.
           | 
           | My opinion on carbs is that you should only eat them when
           | you're going to burn them quickly. That's what they're for,
           | to give you a big energy boost. They're not for consuming and
           | then sitting on your ass.
        
             | mfer wrote:
             | Low fiber can leave you feeling good in the short term but
             | it has long term health implications, I've read. The book
             | Fiber Fueled [1] talks about what happens with fiber in our
             | gut and the impact on our bodies at a high level. The
             | author (an MD GI doctor) provides the scientific background
             | for his claims for those that want it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.amazon.com/Fiber-Fueled-Plant-Based-
             | Optimizing-M...
        
         | shafyy wrote:
         | I don't know man, I feel pretty great when eating fries :)
        
           | sschueller wrote:
           | I think there is a diminish of return on such foods. Fries
           | are now pimped with bacon, cheese and all kinds of stuff.
           | Sweet itmes are so over sweatened that if you eat a
           | strawberry afterwards it tastes bland.
           | 
           | If we reduced the sweatiness of items we could enjoy them
           | just as much as our senses adapt quite quickly. If I stop
           | sugar for just 2 days and then eat something somewhat sweet
           | it tastes very sweat.
           | 
           | It's a big issue with the food industry trying to outsweet
           | each other because people are so used to the taste of sugar.
           | Artificial sweeteners are also to blame for setting a hight
           | expectation of sweetness in products.
        
           | swalling wrote:
           | Potatoes produce the highest level of satiety compared to
           | other carbs.
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267283/
           | Combined with fats via frying or baking, and it's not a joke
           | that they would make you feel the most full compared to a
           | similar amount of rice or refined wheat bread/pasta.
           | 
           | A slightly healthier but equally delicious replacement for
           | fries are oven-roasted or grilled duck fat potatoes with the
           | skin on.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Fiber reducing biodiversity would be news. I thought consensus
         | was the other way around?
        
           | MavropaliasG wrote:
           | That's the kind of garbage results you get when you run a
           | study with only 20 participants. Also they changed to both
           | mediterranean and ketogenic? Wtf
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | Yeah, I thought fiber is literally food for gut microbes.
           | WTF?
        
           | goda90 wrote:
           | I wonder if it's a case of soluble vs insoluble fiber.
           | Insoluble fiber is often described as speeding up transit
           | through the intestines, which might leave microbes less food
           | to eat, or increase the microbes being driven out before they
           | can establish.
        
             | minsight wrote:
             | Microbes eat fiber. That's what a prebiotic is.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | I had a similar thought.
             | 
             | I had a laugh years ago when I realized that jam and
             | jellies are full of soluble fiber and my entire childhood
             | my parents were sneaking fiber into my diet. My whole
             | childhood was a lie!
        
           | BobbyJo wrote:
           | It was a 2 week study, and diet was only changed for a week.
           | The time period was probably long enough for existing
           | microbes to decline due to environmental changes, but not
           | long enough for new microbes that favor the new conditions to
           | move in.
           | 
           | If you've ever dramatically changed your diet, you'll know a
           | week is not long enough for the resulting GI upset to
           | subside. It often takes a month or longer.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | > Eat like crap, feel like crap?
         | 
         | feel like crap, eat like crap
         | 
         | starting the cycle
        
         | ldehaan wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | NegativeK wrote:
         | > Eat like crap, feel like crap?
         | 
         | The feelings I associate with eating like crap are brief
         | malaise in the form of a tummy ache. The article is talking
         | about more significant changes, such as overall happiness
         | versus depression.
         | 
         | Anecdote time: I've recently discovered that a food intolerance
         | makes me surprisingly grumpy for at least a couple of days.
         | I'll find myself (fortunately in my internal monologue) arguing
         | with people over trivial stuff. Completely avoiding the
         | ingredient, however, pretty much nukes that behavior.
        
         | darthrupert wrote:
         | The idea that fat and protein are good while carbs are "crap"
         | is controversial.
        
           | augment003 wrote:
           | Is it? I haven't seen any controversy around it, just a
           | gradual shift to recommendations for more protein and fat vs
           | less carbs.
        
             | darthrupert wrote:
             | I haven't heard of any such thing, except made by people
             | who are selling something.
        
               | snapcaster wrote:
               | Did you talk to anyone who successfully lost weight and
               | kept it off? I have, and from my own experience and
               | talking to others who did the same _every_ single person
               | succeeded via low card high protein/fat. Would be super
               | interested in meeting someone who lost weight with a high
               | carb diet and how they pulled it off. It's really hard
               | for a lot of psychological and hunger based reasons which
               | is why basically nobody can do it
        
               | ntonozzi wrote:
               | https://nutritionfacts.org/video/flashback-friday-
               | benefits-o...
        
           | southwesterly wrote:
           | I mean... it's all crap in the end, right?
           | 
           | Aren't we just supposed to have a healthy mix of fats,
           | proteins, carbs and fibre in a sensible portion size related
           | to how much energy you usually expend over a given period?
        
           | DrThunder wrote:
           | It's not. It's only controversial if you follow FDA
           | recommendations. Any athlete knows this. Fat and protein are
           | REQUIRED to build muscle and endurance. Carbs are great
           | pre/post workout for energy and recovery.
           | 
           | Our society has a massive excess of carbs in our diets that
           | don't get used for energy production and just turn into fat.
        
             | handzhiev wrote:
             | Muscle and endurance does not automatically mean a healthy
             | heart and liver though.
        
           | smolder wrote:
           | That statement is much too reductive to be true. Yet it might
           | still be closer to the truth than the old belief that it's
           | best to avoid fats and eat loads of grains.
        
       | r_singh wrote:
       | Has anyone researched the opposite? Like the role of mood and
       | happiness on the gut microbiome.
       | 
       | I was diagnosed with Celiac 5 years ago, could never gain weight
       | and had my share of struggles with anxiety etc.
       | 
       | I recently found a counsellor who told me to stop overthinking,
       | seeking knowledge and a few other things which after following I
       | gained 5 kilos and became a happier person.
       | 
       | I always thought my gut was to blame but a few simple practices
       | seem to be fixing my gut too.
        
         | DrThunder wrote:
         | It does seem like I've read a couple studies that suggest it's
         | not one or the other. Diet can influence the microbiome/mood
         | and mood can influence the microbiome. Reducing my anxiety has
         | definitely helped my ibs/mild crohn's.
        
         | electric_mayhem wrote:
         | Can you clarify on "seeking knowledge"? Is this something you
         | were supposed to stop along with overthinking, or things you
         | were supposed to learn that would help- if the latter, what
         | were those bits of knowledge?
         | 
         | And elaborate, specifically, on "a few other things"?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | The connection is bidirectional, yes.
         | 
         | Mental health issues have been associated with changes in
         | appetite. It's a simpler relation, though, and is more a
         | function of hormones and nervous system activity than
         | microbiome.
        
         | runlaszlorun wrote:
         | I'm not an expert at all but believe there's good evidence for
         | a large stress/unhappiness -> cortisol -> significant metabolic
         | changes linkage.
        
         | Llamamoe wrote:
         | > [...] told me to stop overthinking, seeking knowledge and a
         | few other [...]
         | 
         | That's something people are always telling you, might as well
         | have been chance that things improved and you've linked it with
         | life events, as humans do- we're a storytelling species, we
         | always seek to explain things in our lives through the prism of
         | our decisions and thoughts.
        
         | mrleinad wrote:
         | Stress is the cause for many illnesses, yes.
        
           | hirvi74 wrote:
           | For the 30 years I have walked this Earth, I have never been
           | able to find a "healthy" way to manage stress.
           | 
           | In fact, I have had such bad problems with stress that it
           | basically assisted in the emergence and continuation of an
           | autoimmune disorder. So, I am quite aware of the damage
           | stress can cause.
           | 
           | I have used plenty of unhealthy methods of managing stress,
           | but the sad fact of the matter is that -- unlike yoga, warm
           | baths, etc. -- the unhealthy methods actually work, and they
           | tend to work _really_ well.
        
             | hydrok9 wrote:
             | where does your stress primarily come from?
        
               | hirvi74 wrote:
               | Not trying to create a pity-party or be all woeful, but
               | to answer your question:
               | 
               | My source of stress is highly contextual, but
               | fundamentally the common denominator would be a sense of
               | insecurity.
               | 
               | I feel a sense of financial stress due to not being
               | financially secure. I have taken proper measures to
               | ensure I am on the proper path to financial security, but
               | it seems like one job loss, one major medical emergency,
               | major market crash, etc., is all it takes to wipe it all
               | out. Not to mention all the rising costs of everything
               | too.
               | 
               | I have occupational stresses (software engineer) due to
               | my incompetence, lack of useful/meaningful skills, poor
               | knowledge of fundamentals (my comp sci program was so
               | poor that we almost lost our accreditation), etc.. I've
               | basically been a junior developer for the last 7 years.
               | 
               | Couple all that with my various issues, and yeah, I live
               | in a perpetual state of stress and anxiety which creates
               | a not so wonderful negative-feedback loop.
               | 
               | I've tried therapy, psychiatry, etc., but any solution is
               | like trying to put out a forest fire with a garden hose.
               | So, when nothing else works, all I have left is escapism.
               | Luckily, I do not have an issue with any hard substances.
               | 
               | However, one of my biggest crutches and forms of escapism
               | are video games. The sad reality of why they are so
               | appealing to me is that these games create a world that
               | is more appealing than the current one I live. In the
               | real world, I have no meaningful accomplishments, nothing
               | to be proud of, etc.. In games, goals and objectives are
               | clearly laid out, easily obtainable, and if I fail to
               | achieve something I know that I am the sole reason -- not
               | some variable out of my control (no office politics or
               | BS).
               | 
               | I have a chance to not be below-average for once, and
               | when I manage to accomplish something, it creates a sense
               | of fulfillment and accomplishment that I cannot find in
               | the "real world." When playing competitive games, my
               | contributions _actually matter_ , and if I do well, my
               | teammates express a genuine sense of appreciation and
               | gratitude. They relied on me, and I pulled my
               | weight/extra-weight. It sometimes feels so good.
               | 
               | I know it is all just a false sense of well-being, for
               | any sense of accomplishment I feel is quickly fleeting.
               | At the end of the day, when I turn the games off, what am
               | I left with? I didn't really accomplish anything tangible
               | -- no real skills -- and in the real world, none of it
               | matters one bit.
               | 
               | It seems that I have managed to lose the ability to put
               | forth any effort in bettering myself, and I am just in
               | some kind of going with motions and distracting myself
               | anyway I can.
               | 
               | So yeah, sorry for my long ramblings, but it felt good to
               | get it out.
        
       | DrThunder wrote:
       | Does this mean the all knowing FDA is wrong? They told me Frosted
       | mini-wheats, Lucky Charms, cheerios are better than ground beef,
       | cheddar, eggs, and butter.
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | "We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat
       | and protein to lower anxiety and depression while consuming
       | higher percentages of carbohydrates was associated with increased
       | stress, anxiety, and depression."
        
       | sofaygo wrote:
       | Anecdotally, I agree with the conclusions the researchers
       | propose. From an academic perspective, this study is poorly done,
       | with an abstract that fails to fully encapsulate their findings.
       | 
       | While this is a topic that is very important and deserves the
       | attention,people shouldn't be mislead into taking this paper at
       | face value.
        
       | mrinterweb wrote:
       | > For this pilot study, we enrolled 20 adults to follow this
       | protocol
       | 
       | Is that even a large enough of a sample size to draw a conclusion
       | from? Probably a big enough sample size to get funding for a
       | larger study, but not big enough to draw general conclusions
       | from.
        
         | robwwilliams wrote:
         | No, not at all.
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | Dr. Georgia Ede, a Harvard psychiatrist, has found that
       | eliminating plants entirely from your diet leads to phenomenal
       | mental health outcomes. Her findings jive well with the results
       | reported in this paper. Her website is
       | https://www.diagnosisdiet.com/
        
         | pazimzadeh wrote:
         | I don't see how that jives with the paper, given that at
         | follow-up, almost half of the people were on a vegetarian diet.
         | 
         | It looks like she only has one paper on PubMed, where she is
         | listed as "Independent Researcher." The paper makes no mentions
         | of plants:
         | 
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35873236/.
         | 
         | She does mention the SMILES trial, but that states the
         | opposite:
         | 
         | https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s1291...
         | the available evidence from observational studies suggests that
         | diets higher in plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits,
         | legumes and whole grains, and lean proteins, including fish,
         | are associated with a reduced risk for depression
         | 
         | and                 ModiMedDiet diet:            The primary
         | focus was on increasing diet quality by supporting the
         | consumption of the following 12 key food groups (recommended
         | servings in brackets): whole grains (5-8 servings per day);
         | vegetables (6 per day); fruit (3 per day), legumes (3-4 per
         | week); low-fat and unsweetened dairy foods (2-3 per day); raw
         | and unsalted nuts (1 per day); fish (at least 2 per week); lean
         | red meats (3-4 per week) [32], chicken (2-3 per week); eggs (up
         | to 6 per week); and olive oil (3 tablespoons per day), whilst
         | reducing intake of 'extras' foods, such as sweets, refined
         | cereals, fried food, fast-food, processed meats and sugary
         | drinks (no more than 3 per week). Red or white wine consumption
         | beyond 2 standard drinks per day and all other alcohol (e.g.
         | spirits, beer) were included within the 'extras' food group.
         | Individuals were advised to select red wine preferably and only
         | drink with meals. The dietary composition of the ModiMedDiet
         | was as follows: protein 18% of total energy (E); fat 40% of E;
         | carbohydrates 37% of E; alcohol 2% of E; fibre/other 3% of E.
         | 
         | Note that we don't directly get energy from most fibers, so 3%
         | energy does not mean 3% of the volume of food.
         | 
         | Getting rid of plant/fiber from your diet is probably a
         | terrible idea, unless you have a specific reason to do so.
         | That's because if you don't give your microbiota something to
         | eat, then it will eat you (starting with your mucus).
         | 
         | A dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic
         | mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5131798/
         | 
         | Bifidobacteria or Fiber Protects against Diet-Induced
         | Microbiota-Mediated Colonic Mucus Deterioration
         | 
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S193131281...
         | 
         | In people who have trouble digesting plants, they may have
         | already lost the part of their microbiota which would digest
         | the plants. So when re-introducing plants into your diet, you
         | should do it gradually so that it doesn't overload your biota.
        
         | thisisbrians wrote:
         | You are getting downvoted because conventional wisdom is wrong.
         | No one needs to eat plants (although many are nutritious). You
         | can be very healthy eating eggs, fish, shellfish, meat, organ
         | meats, and broth. Animals are made of the same things that we
         | are, so they are very nutritious.
        
       | d23 wrote:
       | > We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat
       | and protein to lower anxiety and depression
       | 
       | > We have shown that changing diet affects mood and happiness,
       | that greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated
       | with anxiety and depression
       | 
       | What?
        
       | orzig wrote:
       | Look at the plots, there is one huge outlier in the small number
       | of overall samples which is driving a lot of the results. I don't
       | even disagree with the conclusions, but this is not strong
       | evidence for it.
        
       | xapata wrote:
       | N = 20.
       | 
       | Sounds like p-hacking to me.
        
       | tulio_ribeiro wrote:
       | I've read some studies that suggest that the gut microbiome can
       | influence mood and behavior through the vagus nerve, which
       | connects the gut and the brain. For example, this[1] study showed
       | that mice fed with a probiotic bacteria had lower depressive and
       | anxious behaviors than mice whose vagus nerve was cut. Another
       | study[2] showed that oral treatment with antidepressants altered
       | the gut microbiome and increased vagal activity in rats, and that
       | blocking the vagus nerve abolished the antidepressive effects.
       | These studies imply that the gut-brain axis is more complex than
       | just diet and microbiome diversity. Maybe there are other factors
       | that mediate the effects of fat, protein and carbohydrates on
       | mood and mental health. What do you think?
       | 
       | [1] https://medium.com/microbial-instincts/how-gut-microbes-
       | talk...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50807-8
        
       | volleygman180 wrote:
       | I'm glad to see more studies on this, as it's long been
       | misunderstood how strong of a connection there is between the gut
       | microbiome and mental health. Some go as far to referring to the
       | gut as our second-brain, due to its critical role.
       | 
       | Serotonin (the moood-regulating neurotransmitter), for instance,
       | is produced _primarily_ in the gut (up to 95% of it).
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469458/#:~:tex....
        
         | southwesterly wrote:
         | That's really interesting and helps explain all sorts of things
         | in my life. Thanks for the link.
        
         | runlaszlorun wrote:
         | That serotonin study was an eye opener for me. As a non-
         | professional it sure seems like we have only half a clue how
         | the body works.
        
         | robwwilliams wrote:
         | But unfortunately a great deal if hype. And junk science like
         | this work.
        
       | robwwilliams wrote:
       | Interesting general topic but this is a tiny short term
       | unreviewed study that is getting way more attention than
       | deserved. Twenty subjects over a few week is not a serious
       | effort.
        
       | charlysisto wrote:
       | I don't know much about the gut microbiome, but it is pretty well
       | established now that the ketones produced by fasting (or diet
       | mimicking it like keto) have a powerful effect on the brain : as
       | an alternative to glucose for fuelling neurone, and a signaling
       | molecule to mitochondria for mitophagy (the cleaning up of the
       | damaged ones) and mitogenesis. These processes can reactivate and
       | repair group of neurones compromised by oxydative stress or
       | insuline resistance and thus heal the mind.
       | 
       | See Chris Palmer book : "Brain Energy" or Bikman's : "What makes
       | Us Sick" or Gundry the "Keto Code"... All saying the same thing
       | although with different perspectives. Yes the Brain is just
       | another organ and we're starting to discover ways to trigger self
       | healing processes which can leverage and/or take over the common
       | chemical oriented cures mimicking neurotransmitters...
       | 
       | It started 100 years ago at the Mayo clinic were they cured
       | epileptic children with strict keto diet. Quit fascinating !
        
       | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
       | Since this study only explored a 2 week change, does anyone have
       | any info on more permanent changes? I'm uninterested in
       | temporarily having less anxiety for 2 weeks. I would like to know
       | what's my anxiety after 2 years!
        
       | blastro wrote:
       | I sleep much better after eating basic food that my microbiome
       | seems to enjoy: white rice.
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | heavy metals in rice
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7663342/
         | 
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34073642/
        
           | blastro wrote:
           | thanks for that, I buy organic white rice from california
           | which appears to be the least bad origin in those papers
        
         | pazimzadeh wrote:
         | White rice lacks Vitamin B
         | 
         | https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/eating-way-too-much-r...
        
       | aszantu wrote:
       | that's literally me... I've observed that it takes about 4 days
       | between carb consumption and mental breakdown. Also before the
       | mental breakdown appears, the smell changes from nice to sour.
       | The sour smell seems to be connected to high stress, it's really
       | hard to remove from clothes.
        
       | coding123 wrote:
       | My wife has to eat protein (in her case meat) with carbs. If she
       | eats carbs with no protein she has anxiety. It's so awesome that
       | we are finally studying things like this.
        
         | DrThunder wrote:
         | I'm the same. I assume it's spiking my glucose levels too much
         | when I don't include protein. She may have a bit of reactive
         | hypoglycemia going on. Wonky sugar spikes can really mess with
         | people mentally.
        
         | jononomo wrote:
         | I have eliminated all plants from my diet, and it is
         | indescribable how positively it affects your mental and
         | physical health. It is like accessing an entirely new dimension
         | of well-being. You can't even imagine how good it is possible
         | to feel until you've ditched all plant-based calories.
        
           | hirvi74 wrote:
           | How affordable are such changes for the average person? It
           | seems like a carnivorous diet would be significantly more
           | expensive than alternatives.
        
       | DoreenMichele wrote:
       | Some outtakes:
       | 
       |  _Bacteroides is predominant in people eating large amounts of
       | protein (e.g. Western diet)
       | 
       | Human studies have shown an increase in gut bacterial
       | translocation in mood disorders.6,7 For example, in major
       | depressive disorder there are significant increases in
       | Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria and decreases
       | in Firmicutes compared to controls.
       | 
       | The benefits of ketogenic diets for controlling severe epilepsy
       | may be mediated by the gut microbiome, as the effects can be
       | reproduced in animal models by direct manipulation of gut
       | bacterial enterotypes without changing diet._
        
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