[HN Gopher] LEDs from Dubai (2021)
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       LEDs from Dubai (2021)
        
       Author : WithinReason
       Score  : 62 points
       Date   : 2023-03-02 23:12 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hackaday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hackaday.com)
        
       | bullen wrote:
       | Follow up video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMc6mjE9Y1s
       | 
       | The real question is what is needed for these to be dim-able?
        
         | Tijdreiziger wrote:
         | Dimmable LED lights are pretty common, including the filament
         | variety. Various manufacturers sell them.
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | It's so heartbreaking how many interesting possible things supply
       | side will not make available.
        
       | ElfinTrousers wrote:
       | This article didn't address what is, to me, the most interesting
       | question: why can't you buy these outside Dubai? Anyone know?
        
         | RALaBarge wrote:
         | I'm unsure if true but I remember hearing in this video that
         | the King of Dubai funded the development of these bulbs and has
         | them under contract.
        
           | kenmacd wrote:
           | They're under contract, but just as the "make them and we'll
           | keep others from competing with you here", not "you can't
           | sell these elsewhere".
           | 
           | The only reason you "can't buy them" is because you wouldn't
           | (or at least people wouldn't). You can't easily tell how good
           | the LED setup is in the bulbs, and price isn't necessarily a
           | good indicator, so you're unlikely to pick the more expensive
           | item.
        
         | darkhelmet wrote:
         | Think about it from the point of view of a
         | manufacturer/distributor. Speculating a little:
         | 
         | Suppose you decided to carry them and they cost more, both from
         | a material perspective and a reduced repeat customer
         | perspective. Cheap competitors in stores won't just go away and
         | they'll be on shelves next to them. Brand recognition and/or
         | loyalty will only go so far and way too many people will prefer
         | the cheaper cost. So the manufacturer/distributor have to
         | provide both or risk losing sales. Now there's an extra sku in
         | the mix and I'd wager that even with brand recognition the
         | cheaper ones will outsell the Dubai ones, which makes the
         | distribution overheads even more unpalatable. And so on.
         | 
         | I'm sure they've done their research and it doesn't add up from
         | a business sense. It works in Dubai because the regulations
         | eliminate part of the race to zero.
         | 
         | Even selling them directly online is problematic because of
         | distributor territory, exclusivity etc. If the manufacturer
         | competes with its distributor network (that they rely on) then
         | that doesn't end well either.
         | 
         | I doubt it's any sort of conspiracy by 'big led' to keep you
         | from buying them, but is more to do with mundane and
         | unfortunate things like above.
         | 
         | I still want them though.
        
           | ElfinTrousers wrote:
           | Thanks for the explanation. I want them too, but not enough
           | to go to the trouble of setting up a mail drop in Dubai.
        
       | w0mbat wrote:
       | Early 2021 article.
        
       | blkhawk wrote:
       | You can get these now in the EU
        
         | morsch wrote:
         | Where?
        
           | Razengan wrote:
           | In the EU.
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | Title made it sound like the royal car license plate (just the
         | single digit 1, I heard).
        
       | Giorgi wrote:
       | Well you could buy it but it is for 220v so... no use in US
       | anyways
        
       | Synaesthesia wrote:
       | But I CAN buy high powered LED grow lights.
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | Other reviews of these things say they aren't especially bright
       | and have a very mediocre CRI. It's not clear that anybody outside
       | of Dubai would want these anyway.
        
         | 6stringmerc wrote:
         | Reminds me of Homer Simpson with a monocle sitting in a car
         | twisting the steering wheel..."How does this compare with a
         | train, which I can also afford?"
        
       | andix wrote:
       | The biggest problem of LED bulbs is usually heat. The design is
       | just not suitable for LED, it would be great if we get a new
       | standard.
       | 
       | First thing is voltage, 120/230V is not suitable for LEDs, if
       | lamps would have an external 12V or 3V power supply a few
       | centimetres away from the LED, this would be great.
       | 
       | The second thing is, that lamps need some kind of (passive!)
       | cooling solution, to remove the heat from the chip. A lot of
       | lamps are more or less closed and heat up as a whole. This is
       | really bad for all the electronics, and probably the main reason
       | why LEDs fail early.
        
         | thriftwy wrote:
         | USB LED slot would be great.
         | 
         | Tight enough to hold light bulbs, thoroughly time tested.
         | 
         | USB power adaptors are super cheap and durable and the existing
         | designs may be used.
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | How realistic is whole-home Thunderbolt for lighting and
           | smaller appliances?
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Whole-house 12/24VDC power wiring has been a thing for at
             | least 50 years, specifically intended for lighting. It's
             | never proven widely popular, but it's certainly a realistic
             | option. Probably more so in new construction than
             | retrofitting into existing buildings, though.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | The LED strip behind my TV is powered by the USB port on my
           | TV. Most longer strips (5m-20m) use one of a small number of
           | form factor strips and 12V or 24V supply. There are also
           | quite a few USB powered lamps, but a bulb form factor would
           | be interesting.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | _120 /230V is not suitable for LEDs_
         | 
         | It is with many in series, which is how the vast majority of
         | lamps are made today. This lowers the current and reduces
         | resistive losses.
        
           | Panzer04 wrote:
           | It's not really very good to use them like that though -
           | without a huge cap you'll get pretty prominent flicker - I
           | expect it's probably just cheaper to stick in a cheap SMPS at
           | that point if that's something you care about.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | I thought most household bulbs chopped it down to something
           | like 30-40V.
           | 
           | Some lower spec lighting devices might take 120V and run LEDs
           | in both series _and_ parallel, but as LEDs fail, the rest get
           | more current, leading to more failure... positive feedback
           | loops for the win!
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | Aren't filament bulbs the next evolution for both heat and
         | power supply? The filament design puts the heat generation away
         | from the electronics, and the electronics themselves are
         | simpler because each filament can run off line voltage (or
         | something along those lines). But they have more of a flicker
         | problem IIUC.
         | 
         | The nice thing about newer filament bulbs is you can get 1600
         | lumen bulbs that are rated for enclosed fixtures now.
        
           | ars wrote:
           | Yah, filament bulbs are the future of LEDs they solve
           | basically all the existing problems of LEDs - heat, point-
           | source lights, directionality, driver-size. And they are
           | cheaper.
        
             | inamberclad wrote:
             | Is this satire, or am I missing something?
        
               | ars wrote:
               | ???? I'm not sure what you find to be satire?
               | 
               | Have you used these LED filament bulbs? They are very
               | good, the quality of the light is much better than the
               | older style LED bulbs.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | Without some kind of driver, the light flickers strongly
               | at 120Hz. For sensitive people, the effect is extremely
               | unpleasant.
               | 
               | One can get perfectly nice drivers and perfectly nice
               | LEDs for less than $25 all in. Sure, many people prefer
               | paying less for a screw-base lamp, but the result is not
               | as good.
        
               | cornstalks wrote:
               | I assume GP interpreted "filament bulb" as "incandescent
               | filament bulb."
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | It does seem that the filament bulbs check a lot of
               | boxes. The driver is so small it fits in the socket
               | itself. If they can put 1600 lumens in an enclosed
               | fixture, it does suggest they do better with heat. My
               | impression from buying a box is that these are a next
               | generation bulb design, not quite holy grail but a
               | significant step. No more buying bulbs where the bottom
               | half the globe is plastic housing a bunch of driver
               | electronics.
        
               | cooppearson wrote:
               | I believe they are referring to LED filament bulbs, which
               | are designed to look like traditional filaments but have
               | the benefit of separating the LEDs from the electronics.
               | 
               | More here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_filament
        
           | kyriakos wrote:
           | Which filament bulbs are you referring to? I was under the
           | impression that filament was what we had before led bulbs.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | LED filament[0], not tungsten filament.
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_filament
        
         | coryrc wrote:
         | The efficiency difference in a power supply running off 120V or
         | 12V is not significant. The power supply is a negligible
         | portion of heat output. They would last longer if separate
         | though. Slim recessed LED fixtures have their power supply in a
         | separate box.
         | 
         | I.e. https://www.ledsupply.com/led-bulbs/slim-recessed-led-
         | light (arbitrarily chosen, not an endorsement)
        
       | adolph wrote:
       | 2021, cited source material comes from the always awesome Big
       | Clive YouTube Channel.
       | 
       | bigclivedotcom: The lamps you're not allowed to have. Exploring
       | the Dubai lamps: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=klaJqofCsu4
        
         | rzzzt wrote:
         | Strangely only a single commenter addresses him as Big Clive.
         | (I am not even sure what exactly strikes me as odd about this.)
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | Also previously on HN:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27093793
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | convolvatron wrote:
       | I've been derating leds for a while. no experimental log, but at
       | 90% of input power they really don't seem to degrade at all over
       | periods of many years, and they are a lot easier to thermally
       | manage.
        
         | the_pwner224 wrote:
         | What's the context here? Are you somehow reducing power to
         | standard 120/240v LED lightbulbs (how)? LED light strips?
         | Custom designs using raw LED modules?
         | 
         | iirc (and I may not be remembering correctly), heat is what
         | causes the degradation. Cutting power makes the LED run cooler.
         | 
         | For personal use at home it's important to buy high quality
         | lightbulbs for this reason. Cheap ones will cut costs on
         | cooling and fail prematurely or experience degradation if they
         | don't fail. Better quality bulbs will last longer with less
         | degradation. It can be hard to evaluate what's good; lots of
         | companies will sell you cheap crap at inflated prices. Ikea
         | uses solid metal bases on many of their bulbs which helps with
         | heat (they use good CRI emitters too). I suspect weight might
         | be a good heuristic to evaluate quality. Also avoid the high
         | power ~1600 lumen ones, it's common for them to fail early even
         | for the higher end ones, they just make too much heat to
         | dissipate in the standard bulb form factor. Afaik Ikea
         | eventually discontinued their 1600lm product, probably for this
         | reason.
        
           | convolvatron wrote:
           | sorry yes, bespoke fixtures with commodity modules (mostly
           | bridgelux - cheap and nice phosphors).
           | 
           | as an aside, when are we going to get a usable DC power and
           | control standard for lighting?
        
             | the_pwner224 wrote:
             | Cool! Is this a commercial product that we can buy?
             | 
             | I worked on a similar system a while ago for personal use.
             | 300 watts of BLX COBs. Prototypes were good but they ran
             | very hot (105 degrees) with the cooling system I had on
             | them. Improving cooling and refining the design past the
             | crude prototype would have made it too expensive to be
             | practical for me, or for the market if I chose to sell it.
             | 
             | I'm probably going to be building a new house in a few
             | years, it'd be nice if I could run 48v wiring throughout
             | the house with standardized connectors and control modules.
             | The age of 120/240v with screw socket bases needs to end.
             | But I doubt the industry will have standardized on a DC
             | system by then.
             | 
             | I wonder if there are any actively cooled fixtures on the
             | market for standard lightbulbs. The common recessed in-
             | ceiling fixtures are not great for thermals, the closed top
             | blocks natural convection and traps hot air. A slow
             | (silent) fan should do a lot to help with bulb longevity. I
             | might end up doing a custom design for my house if there's
             | nothing on the market.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | not really. we used to sell them, but its a bit fussy.
               | people had quite legitimate concerns about what to do
               | when the modules went. margins are good, but not as high
               | as fine art, and the labor is about the same for us.
               | 
               | since our primary activity is metal sculpture....we
               | really don't have to deal with cooling issues. 10-20
               | pounds of metal, even steel, makes a _really good_ heat
               | sink, even if it is isn't optimized for maximum
               | convection. and now your light elements are little 3cm
               | circles a couple mm high, and you can tuck them wherever
               | you want.
               | 
               | it wouldn't be too hard to make you own standard. the
               | constant current drivers often have pretty wide input
               | ranges, especially if you can stick with simple bucks.
               | the part where I really kinda fell down was connectors
               | oddly enough. 3 pins, moderate current, few cycles, low
               | cost, high contact reliabilty. anyone with better
               | connector-fu than me have a suggestion?
        
               | the_pwner224 wrote:
               | Just saw this other comment here.
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35013509
               | 
               | USB-C might work. USB PD supports 5a at up to 20v, looks
               | like there's also a higher power 50v 5a spec coming up.
               | But if you're using custom PCBs on both ends you don't
               | really care about the PD specification, as long as you're
               | using good quality cables you can treat the
               | connector/cable as a dumb wire that supports sending 5
               | amps down a few pins. The data lines may also be useful
               | for sending back data from the emitter module, if you had
               | any need for that.
               | 
               | Desktop computers use the Molex Mini-Fit Jr connector for
               | ATX and PCIe power connectors. 6-pin PCIe power cables
               | should be easy to source on the market, you wouldn't need
               | to get custom cables manufactured. Those can carry ~150w.
               | Might also be possible to cheaply source cables with just
               | a 2 or 4 pin connector?
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | From what I've observed, I mostly attribute bulbs dying to the
         | power electronics rather than the LEDs themselves. So unless
         | they've beefed up the driver circuit on these bulbs, I would
         | think they'd fail just as often?
        
           | convolvatron wrote:
           | I've primarily seen driver failures. from some vendors,
           | really quite smelly and spectacular ones. but it does seem to
           | correlate pretty strongly with particular vendors or designs.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | the_pwner224 wrote:
           | Yeah that's a very common failure mode. Like the LED itself,
           | the power supply electronics are also intolerant to heat (see
           | my comment on parent). So all the same principles apply.
           | Companies which cheap out will use barely-adequate components
           | in the power supply circuitry and skimp on cooling. The power
           | supply will run hot and fail after a few months leading to
           | total failure of the bulb, or if it manages to keep limping
           | on, the LED will have noticeably degraded within a few years
           | due to the heat.
           | 
           | Reducing power will help a lot with this, less current
           | flowing through the power supply and less heat generated.
        
       | AnotherGoodName wrote:
       | In related news the Bay Bridge in San Francisco will have lights
       | out permanently from this weekend due to high maintenance costs
       | of the LED bulbs. I wonder if they could just lower the
       | brightness of the bulbs.
       | 
       | https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/bay-bridge-lights-set-to...
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Man, these guys are always asking for more money. They want to
         | take the cash and expand the installation. I really like the
         | lights, but come on, you can't keep adding maintenance. It's a
         | bad idea.
         | 
         | It's okay for it to just live on in memory.
        
         | the_pwner224 wrote:
         | > "The hardware is failing at a rate faster than we can cost-
         | effectively keep up," Ben Davis, the founder of Illuminate,
         | told KRON4 in January.
         | 
         | > "It's a challenge of the current lights. They're good but
         | they have to exist in an area that has rain, fog, high winds,
         | grime 24/7, vibration, expansion and contraction," Davis said.
         | 
         | This has nothing to do with brightness or with the bulbs being
         | LEDs. Their hardware is not properly suited for the environment
         | it's being used in. If you put an Arduino in your car, don't be
         | surprised when the non-automotive-grade electronics fail after
         | a few years. The EEs must have not done a great job when
         | initially designing this light project. From to the project's
         | website (linked by your article):
         | 
         | > They must be replaced with a new system that is custom
         | engineered to perform in the harsh environmental conditions of
         | San Francisco Bay.
        
           | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
           | > must be replaced with a new system that is custom
           | engineered [for] San Francisco Bay.
           | 
           | Other major port-cities around the world, with comparable
           | climate conditions, have presumably transitioned to LED
           | lighting over the past decade - why can't they save
           | taxpayer's money by simply buying-up whatever Valencia or
           | Singapore is using instead of having their own NIH Syndrome
           | and insisting an entirely bespoke system just-for-them be
           | used?
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Did you even read the article? This is a public art
             | installation funded by a non-profit. Not taxpayers. The
             | installation was intended to be temporary and has already
             | gone way past it's design lifetime.
        
               | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
               | I did not read it, and it shows - I eat my words :)
        
             | davidgay wrote:
             | This is a decorative/art installation, not the bridge's
             | engineered lighting. So whatever Singapore is doing is not
             | relevant (except if it's also for similar purposes).
        
             | ars wrote:
             | These are LEDs to write messages and do colors, they are
             | not for lighting.
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | This is so weird though, because the lights that line the
           | catenary cable are older and not proposed to be turned off
           | (and anecdotally are much less likely to be broken on a given
           | night).
           | 
           | Maybe it's the scale, relative inaccessibility, or remote
           | control that's the problem.
           | 
           | Honestly, I never loved the 'light show' effect anyway -
           | maybe they should just light the suspender cables with normal
           | lights and call it a day.
           | 
           | EDIT: For reference, here is the bridge before Baylights: htt
           | ps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Oakland_Bay_Brid...
        
           | pcl wrote:
           | In their defense, the original system was only supposed to be
           | up for one maintenance cycle, but it was extended due to the
           | massive popularity of the installation.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | These lights were originally a public art exhibit that was
         | supposed to be for two years, and then was extended. [1] They
         | aren't used for anything essential.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bay_Lights
        
           | Karawebnetwork wrote:
           | We have a bridge with smart LED lights on in here in
           | Montreal. They were put in 2017 with a promise that they will
           | remain until 2027.
           | 
           | Now I wonder if they will actually last.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Cartier_Bridge#%22Livi.
           | ..
        
             | the_pwner224 wrote:
             | There's absolutely no reason they won't last if properly
             | engineered. We have a very good understanding of how and
             | why LEDs fail over time.
             | 
             | If the lights need to last 10 years, then the mechanical &
             | electrical engineers can make a design that will last 10
             | years. That's not hard to do. The reason many LEDs,
             | especially consumer LEDs, fail early is due to excessive
             | cost cutting.
        
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       (page generated 2023-03-03 23:01 UTC)