[HN Gopher] Why do all these 20-somethings have closed captions ...
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       Why do all these 20-somethings have closed captions turned on?
        
       Author : malshe
       Score  : 363 points
       Date   : 2022-09-17 18:06 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | mutt2016 wrote:
       | I used CC for the same reason as many. Speech audio is of poor
       | quality, back in the old days in my CRT television it wasn't a
       | problem. Speech was clear. Now for whatever reason it's too loud
       | for comfort if I want to hear the words. My tv has speech clarity
       | options but it is marginal at best.
       | 
       | I'm using a Roku streambar with a couple of wireless speakers.
       | Still poo audio. And I'm not convinced a system of higher cost
       | and quality would solve it.
        
       | veryfancy wrote:
       | 40yo here. I turned the subtitles on the help my little kids
       | learn words as they watch. Now I love them. I'll watch old movies
       | - ones I've seen dozens of times - with the subs on and pick up
       | things I never heard before.
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | I'll add one more reason -- TV shows often require you to pay
       | attention to every word now.
       | 
       | Thirty years ago, if you missed a line of dialog, it wasn't
       | usually a big deal.
       | 
       | Now if you're watching _Westworld_? If you misunderstand a single
       | line that might be the entire difference between  "solving" the
       | episode or not.
       | 
       | TV has gone from a "casual" experience you can tune in and out
       | of, to a kind of literary-precision experience that demands your
       | undivided attention, for many shows. CC makes sure you understand
       | every word, which just wasn't usually that important previously.
        
         | okdood64 wrote:
         | Agreed. There's still older shows, or even new simple "popcorn-
         | flick" movies that I can watch without subtitles just fine,
         | because of a simpler plot line and cast of characters.
         | 
         | For example, compare a show like Lost against Westworld. With
         | Lost each scene was so drawn out, that even if you missed a
         | line, you'd be able to figure out what's going on from the
         | general context.
        
         | mehphp wrote:
         | I've had the same experience. Watching shows like that with the
         | captions on makes me realize how much I miss with them off.
         | 
         | I've had a few instances where I didn't "get" what had
         | happened; I thought maybe it was just over my head. Turns out,
         | I just missed some key dialogue is all.
        
       | EasyTiger_ wrote:
       | It helps them to "consume content"
        
       | phyalow wrote:
       | I watch nearly everything I can at somewhere between 1.8-2.5x
       | speed, this means subs are largely required to maintain
       | comprehension. I prefer watching this way as I can cover far
       | greater amounts of content (or devote less time on the otherhand)
       | just as enjoyably as I could watching at regular speed.
        
       | iancmceachern wrote:
       | This highlights a thought I have.
       | 
       | There are 2 schools of thought. 1 - People on average behave
       | differently now because of something to do with the people (their
       | age usually, sometimes their wokeness, or there race, or there
       | politics) and 2 - People on average behave differently now
       | because of something to do with the environment (having internet
       | now, different economics now, ratio of cost of living to income
       | now, etc).
       | 
       | I tend to fall into more #2. It's not that "kids these days" do
       | this. It's that movies and TV these days does this. If a younger
       | person is watching an Seinfeld episode from 30 years ago there is
       | no need for subtitles, if an older person like me is watching a
       | TV show or movie that came out this week It's likely that
       | subtitles would help anyone, of any age, follow the story.
       | 
       | As other comments here have noted. It has to do with the huge
       | dynamic range on audio in most new film/TV. In my view it's not a
       | "kids these days" thing, it's a "content these days" thing. I
       | think that most things are this way. We read about how younger
       | generations aren't as into home buying, nope. Economics have
       | changed, they're not as able.
        
       | perrygeo wrote:
       | The fact that there's a claimed generational gap here speaks more
       | to the values of the generations re: passive vs active
       | entertainment. I could also ask: "Why do all these 60-Somethings
       | have the TV on as background noise while doing other tasks?"
       | 
       | To me it seems closed-caption usage is correlated with actually
       | paying attention to television consumption.
       | 
       | People who have their TV on at all hours, as background
       | entertainment to support their lifestyle, tend to not use CC. Why
       | should they? The words literally don't matter, it's just an
       | aesthetic.
       | 
       | People who actually desire an immersive experience, who
       | deliberately pay attention to the shows they watch, tend to care
       | about CC since it complements the audio & visual nicely. I don't
       | have any evidence for this but I'd wager that plot synthesis and
       | comprehension of television shows is greatly improved by CC. Or
       | maybe it's that people who use CC tend to value and perform
       | better at synthesis and comprehension? Regardless of causality,
       | CC seems related to an individual's desire for more active
       | entertainment.
        
         | astura wrote:
         | Sounds right - my parents (early 70s) don't pay attention to
         | what they are watching even tho watching TV is the only thing
         | they are doing at that time. They both even regularly fall
         | asleep watching TV/movies at night and literally don't care
         | that they missed most of the show/movie they were "watching."
         | They aren't interested in watching the parts they slept through
         | in the morning.
        
         | thrown_22 wrote:
         | >To me it seems closed-caption usage is correlated with
         | actually paying attention to television consumption.
         | 
         | The alternative is that the new generation has no ability to
         | focus on anything and needs the same information piped to their
         | brain through both their eyes and ears. Up next: smellovision
         | captions.
        
         | rileyphone wrote:
         | This aligns pretty well with McLuhan's concept of cool and hot
         | media [0]. The younger generations prefer it cool - perhaps
         | their hotness is found in newer forms like video games.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://mediawiki.middlebury.edu/MIDDMedia/Hot_versus_cool_m...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nopenopenopeno wrote:
           | Underrated comment. These are such critical concepts and
           | really the way we should all be discussing out media
           | consumption.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | This is an insightful observation but also feels incomplete
           | and outdated. They use hot and cold to distinguish between
           | "one sense" and "all senses", for some reason, which doesn't
           | quite match modern media.
           | 
           | But I definitely agree that there is something to it, and
           | video games occupy a different niche of entertainment than
           | movies for me. Video games are a pastime and a hobby, movies
           | and shows are not unlike books: I don't want to miss a single
           | piece of the action.
           | 
           | When I have dinner I watch something off Youtube. Movie time
           | is after dinner when I can give my full attention to it.
        
           | code_biologist wrote:
           | For context, I'm in my mid-30s and grew up playing video
           | games. When doing chores I listen to podcasts or audio books.
           | 
           | I really like to think of media consumption in terms of
           | attentional pressure. How long can you not pay attention
           | without "missing something". For movies and TV shows it seems
           | like 15 seconds, plus or minus depending on the content
           | itself. Chatty podcasts give you 30 seconds or a minute.
           | 
           | I enjoy the fast video games I play (shoutout to Deep Rock
           | Galactic, killer PVE FPS with a non-toxic player base!)
           | because they modulate their attentional pressure and ratchet
           | it up intensely at moments. It feels great to handle a
           | situation where even a subsecond lapse in attention would
           | result in failure.
           | 
           | From wikipedia: _Cool media are those that require high
           | participation from users, due to their low definition (the
           | receiver /user must fill in missing information). Since many
           | senses may be used, they foster involvement. Conversely, hot
           | media are low in audience participation due to their high
           | resolution or definition._
           | 
           | Seems like it's hard to place fast video games? You don't
           | have to fill in much of anything (hot) but they require full
           | participation (cool).
        
             | fhsm wrote:
             | One of the things I love about podcasts is the ability to
             | titrate the playback speed multiplier as a means of
             | selecting a context appropriate window of permissible
             | inattention. Sitting in an airline seat 3x... driving to an
             | unfamiliar urban destination 1.25x.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | philwelch wrote:
         | Your tone is a little smug here. If I'm paying attention to
         | something I'm watching on TV, I can hear the dialogue. I want
         | to be able to actually watch the performances of the actors, or
         | whatever else is on the screen, instead of reading captions.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | This whole framing is bull. People who grew up without closed
         | captions are just used to watching a show without it. For them,
         | it's distracting to constantly have words to look down and read
         | when they are trying to pay attention to what is happening on
         | the screen. Like trying to read the words on every single road
         | sign when you drive somewhere.
         | 
         | You may notice that in movie theaters--the most focused and
         | immersive watching experience there is--they don't show
         | captions except maybe when translating foreign language.
         | 
         | Or you may not, if you only watch movies at home on your TV.
        
           | knorker wrote:
           | No, that's not it. I grew up with literally everything in
           | English being subtitled. Always hated it, but all I can do is
           | make an effort to not have my eyes there.
           | 
           | Even some DVDs did not have the option to turn off subtitles.
           | I never had subtitles on for anything that gave me the
           | option. (I even bought DVDs from overseas occasionally to not
           | get subtitles)
           | 
           | But now every other show is frequently incomprehensible.
           | 
           | Either they've put lead in the drinking water, making us all
           | not understand the spoken word, or they've made dialog audio
           | shit.
        
           | d3ckard wrote:
           | > You may notice that in movie theaters--the most focused and
           | immersive watching experience there is--they don't show
           | captions except maybe when translating foreign language.
           | 
           | Well, it just tells you come from the English speaking
           | country. For the rest of us, subtitles in a movie theatre are
           | among most normal things in the world.
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | I bet they don't show subtitles when the film is in your
             | native language.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | I'm closer to 20 than 60. I did not grow up with CCs. I use
           | them because they are an option and give me something I want.
           | 
           | If there is bullshit framing then it is the very notion of
           | assumptions based on age, which is caked into the headline.
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | The bullshit framing is that there is any correlation
             | between having CC on, and how closely the viewer is paying
             | attention to the show or movie. There is not, as evidenced
             | by a century of cinema and TV.
             | 
             | Movies originally had captions, because there was no
             | dialogue track. As soon as they figured out synchronized
             | sound, the captions went away. Even if people were paying
             | very close attention.
        
           | ordu wrote:
           | _> You may notice that in movie theaters--the most focused
           | and immersive watching experience there is_
           | 
           | Movie theaters have the same influence on a mind as any other
           | experience of collective attention. It keeps your attention
           | aligned with attention of a crowd. It may be a case of herd
           | behavior, or it may be something special, I dont know, but it
           | works.
           | 
           | I believe that this collective attention is the main reason
           | why movie threaters are still profitable. But not just it:
           | surroundings associated with attention on a screen and all
           | these rituals, like eating pop corn, also do their part as
           | stimuli leading to a learned response. You get highly focused
           | attention without any conscious effort. You need conscious to
           | fight it and to divert attention from a screen.
           | 
           | But it doesn't matter when you try to watch a movie or a
           | lecture at home. Despite of all your experience of collective
           | attention it would be much harder to keep your attention
           | focused.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Closed captioning only very recently become not crap. It used
         | to be mainly served as those black bars with white text coming
         | in about 30 seconds too late and with ridiculous typos.
        
         | tomjakubowski wrote:
         | I think it's not as universal as you believe. I personally use
         | closed captioning as a crutch when I'm half-ass watching
         | something, because if my mind wanders and I miss hearing a line
         | I can usually just read it without having to pause and rewind.
         | 
         | If I'm actually fully immersed in the movie or whatever, and I
         | can understand the dialogue, then I don't need the captions and
         | I leave them off.
        
         | afterburner wrote:
         | I have an additional theory:
         | 
         | In the past, that line needed to come in loud and clear, or
         | people would just miss it, probably forever. Now, we can
         | rewind, or of course turn on subtitles, so there's not as much
         | pressure on the audio finishing to be super clear.
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | I agree, but also find it surprising that younger generations
         | are more focused on what they are watching.
         | 
         | I'm a background watcher for sure, and this trend with CC
         | suggests to me that the whole "2nd screen" thing isn't playing
         | with the younger generation.
         | 
         | Any insights as to why that may be?
         | 
         | To give more context, I was always a "background media" person.
         | Even as a kid I'd draw while in front of the TV, I was never a
         | focused participant.
        
           | camoufleur wrote:
           | With television you turn it on and there are a few mediocre
           | choices you can tune out. On streaming platforms you have to
           | specifically select a program to watch. When Gen Z
           | watches/listens to something in the background it's much more
           | likely to be a long YouTube video or a podcast.
        
           | kuschku wrote:
           | Because the younger generation is watching Netflix on their
           | phones. There is no second screen phenomenon because there is
           | no second screen.
        
           | nicolas_t wrote:
           | I use CC even in my native language especially when I
           | background watch. It's easy to work while watching a tv show
           | (only works with relatively boring work) if I know I can
           | quickly glance at the subtitles if I missed anything.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | What kind of work can you do while watching? You're just
             | doing two things badly. Unless you mean physical work that
             | doesn't engage the mind like cleaning or doing the dishes?
        
               | nicolas_t wrote:
               | Work that's mind numbingly easy to do... Anything that I
               | know exactly how to solve but need to just spend the time
               | implementing.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | They mix sound differently now as well. I can't follow speech
         | in many shows and movies because voice volume is low and the
         | background crap is too high.
         | 
         | Ditto with excessive darkness.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Well sure if the actors mumble all the time trying to appear
         | enigmatic, the comprehension is surely greatly improved. I m
         | not american and often i find it very hard to listen to what is
         | said in tv series/movies. This is a new trend in acting btw,
         | older TV was not like that.
         | 
         | Older people are more likely to be alone and the TV helps to
         | break the silence. TV is usually tv shows where people speak
         | properly so that helps i guess
        
         | ninkendo wrote:
         | I wish there was a CC mode for "I'm not deaf, I just don't
         | catch the quiet mumbly dialog sometimes so give me captions
         | only of the dialog."
         | 
         | Bonus if it's delayed by exactly 2 seconds, so that it doesn't
         | spoil jokes, and I can quickly reference it if I missed
         | something someone said (helping me avoid fixating on the
         | captions.)
         | 
         | Because it's the CC descriptions of music swells and things
         | like "[laughs] and "[crying]", etc that are distracting for me,
         | and not needed.
         | 
         | What's worse, sometimes they ruin comedic timing by putting the
         | punchline on the screen before the setup has finished (or
         | logical equivalent of a punchline... comedy is often found in
         | timing) and the captions ruin the timing.
        
           | Sylamore wrote:
           | Roku with captions on replay is my goto way of dealing with
           | muddy dialog
        
           | pritambaral wrote:
           | > Bonus if it's delayed by exactly 2 seconds, so that it
           | doesn't spoil jokes, and I can quickly reference it if I
           | missed something someone said (helping me avoid fixating on
           | the captions.)
           | 
           | This is the exact reason why I vastly prefer playing media on
           | my own media player. I have it set to always delay subtitles
           | by exactly 2 seconds. I even have the font overridden to use
           | a nice geometric sans (Josefin Sans, to be exact); subtitles
           | with bitmap fonts (like they are on DVD and Blu-ray) are
           | disabled outright.
           | 
           | Every time there's a new person watching something with me,
           | they comment on the subtitle delay. It usually starts with a
           | complaint that the subs are off-sync. Never had someone (yet)
           | stick to that complaint though, after this explanation. But,
           | nobody I've met has previously recognised a need for such a
           | delay, either. Until they watch something with me, of course.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | [pants] is my favourite. I'm waiting for [t-shirt] but it
           | never arrives.
        
           | flotzam wrote:
           | mpv --sub-filter-sdh [--sub-filter-sdh-harder] --sub-delay=2
           | 
           | https://mpv.io/manual/master/#options-sub-filter-sdh
        
             | thomastjeffery wrote:
             | If only I could pipe Netflix or HBO through mpv. Stallman
             | was right yet again.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | > Because it's the CC descriptions of music swells and things
           | like "[laughs] and "[crying]", etc that are distracting for
           | me, and not needed.
           | 
           | This drives me nuts too, especially when they're being
           | subjective and I'm asking myself things like 'Was that music
           | really "ominous"? Didn't seem that way...'
           | 
           | Another thing that bugs me is when captions reveal a
           | character's name to indicate who is speaking when the name of
           | that character hasn't actually been revealed in the story
           | yet.
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | There usually is (but not always). It is something like
           | English vs English [for hearing impaired].
           | 
           | As a non-native English speaker I'm used to watching most
           | television and movies with subtitles. The extra sound
           | descriptions don't bother me too much actually. Sometimes it
           | is kind of funny actually, it is a running joke in my home to
           | count the times a show has [ominous music].
        
           | ajhurliman wrote:
           | That's the difference between subtitles and closed captions:
           | one is for people who don't speak that language but can hear
           | in general, the other is for people who can't hear at all.
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | > Bonus if it's delayed by exactly 2 seconds, so that it
           | doesn't spoil jokes, and I can quickly reference it if I
           | missed something someone said (helping me avoid fixating on
           | the captions.)
           | 
           | I think that'd ruin me more than not having subtitles at all,
           | because I just get stuck at reading the subtitles all the
           | time if they are on (which, I have on 99% of the time). I go
           | so far to avoid content that doesn't have subtitles.
           | 
           | What I'd love to have, would be a "speed-reading" version of
           | subtitles, that just show each word individually as it's
           | spoken (or maybe two/three) instead of the full sentence.
           | That way it can still be in sync, while not ruining
           | punchlines. Would be a real hassle to actually write/make the
           | subtitles though, but with all the AI/ML around today, there
           | is probably a way to automate it.
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | 3Play Media's format could do this. Their output is usually
             | a transcript where you can click on any word and it will
             | take you to that second of the video. The software they've
             | developed for the people who create the captions does go
             | second by second as well.
             | 
             | I don't know if they've ever considered having that as a
             | display option. They're just one of the only companies I
             | can think of for whom it wouldn't involve a whole
             | rethinking of how they create the captions.
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | There is on some shows. For those the choice is between
           | "English" and "English [CC]" or similar; the former omits
           | descriptions of noises. Most don't have this, probably
           | because it's not provided by the producers.
           | 
           | Agreed on timing issues. This also seems to vary by
           | show/producer.
        
             | generalizations wrote:
             | VLC lets you adjust the timing of the closed captions. It's
             | totally possible to set a delay of 2 sec.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | H/J to decrease/increase subtitle delay.
        
           | sprkwd wrote:
           | [whooshing intensifies]
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | I die on the inside when I go into houses with multiple TVs on
         | in the background as noise.
        
         | jamespullar wrote:
         | I'm a native English speaker and grew up mostly overseas in
         | non-English speaking countries. Subtitles helped me understand
         | American slang and conversational English that I wasn't used to
         | hearing at home. I've also always struggled with distinctly
         | understanding dialogue in films. It never had anything to do
         | with active vs passive viewing. Another reason I always had
         | them on was because I grew up in apartments and was always
         | mindful of my noise levels for my neighbors. Using subtitles
         | let me actively consume the film without worrying about
         | bothering people around me. Now as an adult subtitles are my
         | default for all media when available and I prefer it.
        
         | adamisom wrote:
         | I personally use my phone sometimes when CC are on, splitting
         | my attention--CC make it easier to not miss too much flirting
         | back n forth.
         | 
         | By contrast I always pay attention when CC is off.
         | 
         | Given how much younger people use their my phone, I'm gonna say
         | my hypothesis is plausible.
        
         | bscphil wrote:
         | > [CC] complements the audio & visual nicely. I don't have any
         | evidence for this but I'd wager that plot synthesis and
         | comprehension of television shows is greatly improved by CC
         | 
         | As you say, you don't have any evidence for this, so I'll just
         | add that my subjective impression is the absolute opposite. I
         | find it impossible to concentrate on what is happening
         | _visually_ on screen in a film when closed captions are on.
         | 
         | I associate CC with the one place I ever see them - at the
         | laundromat, where they are always on because you can't hear the
         | TV clearly above the background noise. Hard to think of a
         | setting where "background entertainment" is a better
         | descriptor.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | It's really very fast to get used to if you try.
           | 
           | I'm from Europe so used to subtitles from early age. My wife
           | is Canadian, and first little while of our dating was
           | bewildered with subtitles.
           | 
           | Now though, literally all my Canadian in-laws use subtitles,
           | intergenerationalLy - they're used to them, and addicted to
           | knowing what the heck is going on :)
        
             | bscphil wrote:
             | I mean, I do "try" in the sense that about half the movies
             | I watch are foreign, and therefore require subtitles.
             | Despite this, I really do feel that I miss out on a lot of
             | what is happening in terms of cinematography and creative
             | directorial choices because I'm spending about 1/3 to 1/2
             | of the time reading the subtitles.
        
           | Entinel wrote:
           | I grew up watching anime with subs and at a certain point it
           | just became natural to have subtitles on even when the
           | content is in English.
        
             | CoastalCoder wrote:
             | For the longest time I couldn't follow anime with
             | subtitles, it kept me from watching the action.
             | 
             | I think practice helped, but so did reducing the size of
             | the video frame. Turns out having the whole frame in my
             | field of view was a big deal.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Depending on the title you're watching, the subs are
               | easier to read. Like one of the episodes from DBZ.
               | 
               | Goku: AHHHHHH!
               | 
               | Vegeta: ARGHHHH!
               | 
               | Goku: OOOMPH!!!
               | 
               | Vegta: HMMMMM!
               | 
               | The visuals were just as simple. For like most of the
               | episode
        
               | PuppyTailWags wrote:
               | I think it depends on your reading speed and ability to
               | skim. If you can read faster than people can talk,
               | subtitles aren't really distracting because you can
               | glance down and then go back to reading the visual
               | expressions and background details of the dialogue.
        
           | xani_ wrote:
           | As non english-native speaker I watched so much stuff with
           | captions it's second nature for me.
           | 
           | But for any language that I understand well I only turn them
           | on when the accent is so thick I can't get what the actors
           | are saying.
           | 
           | Similarly I always turn on all subtitles in video games
           | because it's easy to miss something if say ingame explosion
           | or other sound effect covers the voice, or it is just too
           | silent (say NPC talking that's a bit far)
           | 
           | But the article claim it helps multitasking seems weird - how
           | _having to look at screen_ would help when multitasking?
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | > But the article claim it helps multitasking seems weird -
             | how having to look at screen would help when multitasking?
             | 
             | You have the audio on and are doing something else with
             | your eyes. You don't quite hear something that's been said,
             | glance at the screen, read the captions to fill in what was
             | missed, return your eyes to your other task.
             | 
             | If it was audio only, you missed whatever it was, and have
             | to live with it or replay a little bit of content. Going
             | back a few seconds is often a UI challenge not worth the
             | gained context, IMHO, but if it happens a lot, might as
             | well not be watching anything.
        
             | Broken_Hippo wrote:
             | There are a number of tasks that have varying noise levels,
             | yet aren't so involved that you can't keep glancing at the
             | screen. Washing dishes, for example.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | >I associate CC with the one place I ever see them - at the
           | laundromat
           | 
           | never watched anything in a foreign language? It's just
           | familiarity, after a while you get used to reading and
           | watching at the same time.
        
             | bscphil wrote:
             | I watch a lot of things in foreign languages, but still
             | feel that having to use subtitles is a worse experience.
        
           | astura wrote:
           | >I find it impossible to concentrate on what is happening
           | visually on screen in a film when closed captions are on.
           | 
           | This is a skill. I would have agreed with you 20 years ago
           | but at some point I started putting them on because I could
           | only afford a shitty audio setup and dramas got really
           | mumbly. Took a while, but I learned to not be distracted by
           | the subtitles.
        
           | shever73 wrote:
           | I am exactly the same. Even with the audio on, I can't focus
           | on what's happening on the screen when captions are on.
           | 
           | My 26 year-old son watches everything with captions, so
           | there's always a battle because I switch them off and he
           | switches them back on again.
        
       | hota_mazi wrote:
       | Note: if you want to read the article, copy the title, paste it
       | into Google search, and click on the first result. When you do
       | that, the whole article will be displayed.
       | 
       | If you just click on the link above, WSJ will display a paywall.
       | 
       | This is due to one of Google's requirements that if they index
       | your page, it needs to be fully accessible when clicked.
        
       | JALTU wrote:
       | I sort of doubt there's really a so-called generational gap. I
       | suspect it's just the usual click bait.
       | 
       | I'm sorry I don't have the link but there actually was an online
       | lament by professional sound crews for film/TV that I read a few
       | months back. Sound is apparently compromised by the usual
       | suspects: creative egos, competing priorities, actors' failure to
       | enunciate clearly, and failure to appreciate the technical nature
       | of audio recording. In some cases, the director instructs the
       | sound crew to "capture" the performance after the scene is shot.
       | I've never worked on a set before so I'll leave it at that and
       | say that as an older person, I love CC and use it all the time
       | whether I'm other-tasking or not!
        
         | nuclearnice1 wrote:
         | The article cites
         | 
         | > In a May survey of about 1,200 Americans, 70% of adult Gen Z
         | respondents (ages 18 to 25) and 53% of millennial respondents
         | (up to age 41) said they watch content with text most of the
         | time. That's compared with slightly more than a third of older
         | respondents, according to the report commissioned by language-
         | teaching app Preply.
         | 
         | Not sure if you want to trust Preply over your clickbait spidey
         | sense. I've never heard of them. But FYI.
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | I'm from a country that has always subtitled movies so this
       | doesn't even sound weird to me. (I watch foreign movies in a
       | language that i know with subtitles in the original language
       | though.)
       | 
       | But in the case of tiktok and netflix, it's probably because the
       | content isn't worth your full attention...
        
       | acconrad wrote:
       | 1. I watch foreign films so that's how I got started
       | 
       | 2. Then I put on CC so I could watch things at 2-3x and still
       | keep up
       | 
       | 3. I've got young kids and I can't watch shows at times with the
       | volume up if everyone else is sleeping
       | 
       | 4. I got it as a tip for kids shows too so children can see the
       | words they are hearing. Helps them reinforce their vocabulary. So
       | it's always on if the kids are watching tv.
       | 
       | What's not to like about CC?
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | For the language learners: There is an extension for Chrome that
       | lets you display captions in two languages simultaneously. You
       | can also lookup every word in the dictionary with a single click.
       | 
       | It used to be called _" Language Learning with Netflix"_ but they
       | rebranded it and I can't remember the new name right now. I'm not
       | affiliated in any way, just a happy user.
        
         | bertman wrote:
         | It's called "Language Reactor" now.
         | 
         | https://www.languagereactor.com/
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | procinct wrote:
       | I'm also a big fan of watching with CC (sometimes it can be
       | genuinely hard to pick up what someone says and it can be key
       | dialogue). However anything in the comedy genre is the exception
       | since CC ruin the timing of the jokes.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | I absolutely get the worry (and reality) of jokes being ruined.
         | In the end I bite the bullet because of the same reason I want
         | CC's on all the time: I just miss or mishear things when I
         | don't, sometimes to the point I don't understand the joke.
         | 
         | That said, sometimes subs (from places like OpenSubtitles) are
         | laughable bad in that they don't know the "in-universe" words
         | for a show (comedy or otherwise) and do best-guesses/phonetic
         | spellings of things they aren't sure of which is it's own
         | issue.
        
       | vba616 wrote:
       | If you have audio on, you can't so easily ignore ads. It's
       | intrusive.
       | 
       | Also, for those who think viewers are morally obligated to watch
       | ads, my experience has been that if I don't click the "Skip Ad"
       | button, I will keep getting more ads and never get to the
       | feature!
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Wider selection of movies, from all over the world. Dialect,
       | accent, unexpected word choices can make whole conversations
       | illegible in that sense.
        
       | 19h wrote:
       | 1) The reason TikTok etc. have closed captions on is that audio
       | is off by default. If you want people to listen to your words but
       | audio is off, put it into closed captions.
       | 
       | 2) With closed captions you can watch a movie on low volume
       | without disturbing others and still understand every word even of
       | the girl in the corner of the room barely utters a word.
       | 
       | Source: I'm a "20-something".
        
         | jarboot wrote:
         | tiktok audio is not off by default. But it's right in the idea
         | that some people will have the audio off, and cc means you can
         | consume the content in either case.
        
         | bigzyg33k wrote:
         | TikTok's audio is on by default
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | > The reason TikTok etc. have closed captions on is that audio
         | is off by default. If you want people to listen to your words
         | but audio is off, put it into closed captions.
         | 
         | I can't believe that whole dramatic article missed this very
         | obvious reason.
        
           | jjulius wrote:
           | It didn't. When I downloaded it the other week to see what
           | all the hubbub was about (spoiler alert: I killed it with
           | fire lol), audio was on by default and I had to change that
           | setting. I'd wager that OP forgot that they set it
           | themselves.
        
       | jimbob45 wrote:
       | As a closed caption user, I partially use it to try and improve
       | my vocabulary. On the fly, it's very easy to hear a word like
       | "hoi polloi" and not know how to spell it. In that case, that's a
       | missed learning opportunity.
       | 
       | Also, closed captions make watching TV on mute seamless and
       | that's fantastic if you like to intersperse your viewing with
       | conversation.
        
       | sanderjd wrote:
       | I'm sure the audio mixes have something to do with it, but I also
       | just like to read. I hear just fine but I wish I had closed
       | captioning in real life!
        
       | esharte wrote:
       | Why don't cinemas have them then?
       | 
       | It's because people are listening to shows through terrible audio
       | setups by default
        
         | callalex wrote:
         | Don't most cinemas have a personal screen with captions
         | available on request?
        
         | xivzgrev wrote:
         | Maybe I need to improve ours!
         | 
         | I have zero problem at movies. But I always watch TV with
         | subcaptions. There's usually some words that I miss
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | This is one (of many to be fair) reasons I quite dislike the
         | theater. Others being "free" food/drinks, my dog, my
         | comfortable couch, pausing, and my bathroom. I've wondered
         | before if they could give people special glasses (a la 3D
         | glasses) that would show the "hidden" subtitles at the bottom.
         | But even that wouldn't get me back in a theater.
        
         | dymk wrote:
         | Personally, I've never had a problem hearing dialog at the
         | movies. The volume is far too cranked up to miss it.
        
         | Sugimot0 wrote:
         | This!! Most speakers/soundbars suck, and if you don't have a
         | center channel in your sound system, voices will wash out with
         | the background noise/music since the speaker (as in person
         | speaking) is usually the focus of the shot and mostly audible
         | in the center channel.
         | 
         | There's supposed to be sound engineers on every show/movie to
         | make sure it sounds good but the gap lies between your audio
         | system and the reference systems they use. A good analogy is
         | the infamous Game of Thrones battle that was too dark. They
         | edited that episode on reference grade monitors where you could
         | see what was happening, but the average lower end tv and
         | viewing environment couldn't translate the same black levels
         | and details that the editor's had seen when they worked those
         | scenes (they were also intemtionally edited to look dark and
         | chaotic on the reference grade monitors*, which added to the
         | problem)
         | 
         | That being said I still use cc with a lot of content. I think
         | it would be less prevalent though if it were not for the gaping
         | holes in most audio setups.
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | I started using captions as a teen because of watching anime, and
       | then I started doing it with normal tv. I am not in my 20s but I
       | think a big part of it is that most tv shows and movies have
       | become absolutely impossible to hear what they are saying. I
       | think speakers on TVs have gotten really bad with the transition
       | to flat screen, and even with a sound system the mixing of audio
       | has gotten really bad. Music and sound effects go over the
       | dialogue too much. Movie theaters its fine, so I am not sure what
       | they are doing differently.
        
         | lofatdairy wrote:
         | Maybe spatially separating where sound is coming from helps? Or
         | perhaps not having to overlay multiple audio tracks on a single
         | speaker output allows for higher fidelity due to better dynamic
         | range.
         | 
         | In any case I think my anime watching has resulted in a slight
         | dislike for CC if only because I find it all too easy to
         | accidentally only read, and actually the action going on. I
         | only realized this when I go back and rewatched some old
         | youtube clips and found myself not remembering the actual
         | animation and physical comedy.
        
         | lanstin wrote:
         | And the volume levels vary so much. If you don't want hearing
         | loss or angry housemates you turn it down and then can't hear
         | the normal dialog. If I am watching very closely I will
         | incessantly fiddle with the volume, but otherwise then captions
         | are nice. I agree tho I miss visual side of the film while
         | reading the captions. But I also tend to watch stuff I really
         | like more than once so I get the body language second run thru.
        
           | loonster wrote:
           | Buy a sound system. I now have a 3.1 setup and can hear the
           | dialogue. A dedicated center channel makes a huge difference.
           | Its amazing.
           | 
           | Many AVRs can also adjust it so the dialogue is louder, but I
           | haven't found a need.
        
             | desmosxxx wrote:
             | It's definitely better but I still find mixing inconsistent
             | enough that I have to cycle through profiles on my
             | AVR(denon)/system(performa3) to find a mixing that works.
             | Mostly seems to be an issue with stuff in the last couple
             | of decades.
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | Why would I buy something from people in the same industry
             | to fix a problem that they caused? I'll just take
             | subtitles. Especially when all the suggestions for 3.1
             | systems cost 500+. That's just ridiculous when all I want
             | is a system to make the audio not terrible (loud sounds
             | don't blow out my ears yet voices are clear and
             | understandable).
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | With the heavy accents I can barely understand every other word
         | in shows like Brassic or sometimes an English word that means
         | one thing for Americans but with a period/place specific
         | meaning so I am not sure what I just heard like in Derry Girls
         | (1980's Northern Ireland) without captioning.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | Peaky Blinders and Letterkenny, for me.
        
           | RichardCA wrote:
           | I remember when "The Wire" came out, I started turning on
           | captions because the Baltimore vernacular was so thick. And
           | the Caucasian and African-American characters spoke separate
           | dialects of it. Especially the constant use of "a'ight" as a
           | contraction for "all right".
           | 
           | Derry Girls is interesting in that the actresses sound mostly
           | like trained Brits doing an Irish accent. I've never been to
           | Ulster, I don't know how people actually talk there, maybe
           | the Irish have a softer brogue from having to interact with
           | the British/Protestant people they share the region with.
        
       | stack_framer wrote:
       | My kids watch everything with closed captioning on (ages 10 and
       | 7)! I think now I know why, and it's my fault: I used to always
       | tell them to turn the dang volume down. I guess then they
       | couldn't hear the dialogue, so they figured out how to turn on
       | closed captioning.
        
         | jessaustin wrote:
         | It's probably good that your 7yo is better at reading than many
         | adults.
        
       | PrivateButts wrote:
       | We often have to turn them on because media mastered for
       | different sound systems tend to get mixed up on our basic tv
       | setup.
       | 
       | Also if we're watching something with loud ads (Hulu), we'd
       | rather have the show be quiet and have CC on then have to
       | constantly adjust the volume.
        
       | diziet wrote:
       | Closed Captions are more available now through settings, great
       | audio <> text models, exposure of people to foreign language
       | films and shows, etc. The 20-somethings are exposed to it more
       | and adopt to using them. Youtube's closed captions are both a
       | noticeable button and a "c" keyboard shortcut.
        
         | Sirened wrote:
         | TikTok even has caption on by default!
        
           | jamiek88 wrote:
           | You know what, I never even noticed that!
           | 
           | It does.
           | 
           | I guess I figured that as the TikTok aesthetic and never even
           | really thought more than that.
        
       | Philip-J-Fry wrote:
       | I always have subtitles on in games. Especially since I find it
       | hard to focus on the words being spoken and video game cutscenes
       | are almost always unable to be rewound. During gameplay it's
       | harder to read and play at the same time though, although over
       | the years it's gotten easier.
       | 
       | Through my years of watching Anime it's also quite easy for me to
       | watch and read at the same time.
       | 
       | I think for watching movies they can be useful too, because it
       | feels like almost every movie coming out now has terrible audio
       | mixing for the average person. Even the audio mixing in a Dolby
       | Atmos theatre doesn't seem right. If you watch any modern film
       | mastered in Dobly Atmos on a TV with a sound bar you will have a
       | bad time. You'll have a worse time if you're watching with just
       | the TV speakers.
        
         | forgotusername6 wrote:
         | I've found that a lot of games initially start with subtitles
         | on. I usually switch them off pretty quickly. I'm not used to
         | them and they break the immersion for me.
        
         | lnauta wrote:
         | I have them on for games so I can read the conversation and
         | skip to the next sentence. For open world RPG games that are
         | 50+ hours long it really helps staying engaged, as some quest
         | lines are not that interesting and I like to complete all side
         | quests.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I had to buy a 3.1 bar just to get a center channel. Basically
         | one of us couldn't make out voices without it, and there were a
         | couple movies/shows where it was just unwatchable. I'm not sure
         | why things like Apple TV can't do a more credible job remixing
         | the audio for 2 speakers.
        
           | ericcholis wrote:
           | I think the speakers in most TV's these days are a big
           | culprit.
        
       | idonotknowwhy wrote:
       | Audio mixing has been shit for a good 15 years. I don't want a
       | cinema experience when the kids are trying to sleep.
       | 
       | If I play a 1990s movie on my crt with the built in speaker (yes,
       | in 2022) it's fine.
       | 
       | Try to play something on Netflix and the sound effects and music
       | are full blast while the mumbled voices are really quiet.
        
       | dirtyid wrote:
       | Not only subs, but I wonder what the uptake on describe audio is.
       | Disney does a particulalry good job, and I treat many shows as
       | radio drama for background now.
        
       | rvba wrote:
       | Theory: older americans never liked foreign movies since they
       | couldnt keep up with reading subtitles.
       | 
       | (Some) Younger ones learned to read better thanks to subtitles in
       | computer games.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | krzyk wrote:
       | More important question: Why subtitles are called "closed
       | captions"?
        
         | epakai wrote:
         | Open captions refer to captions that are part of the video
         | image (sometimes called burned in). In movies they might be
         | used to pass setting information for a scene like time or
         | location.
         | 
         | Closed captions are encoded separately and their display is
         | elective.
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | Today I Learned. Thank you.
        
       | Jugurtha wrote:
       | I was watching "Our Flag Means Death" recently. I turned on
       | closed captions because I don't speak pirate.
        
       | noveltyaccount wrote:
       | I started doing this when watching Game of Thrones. Had a hard
       | time with some of the accents so periodically would rewind and
       | turn on captions. After a while, I just left them on and
       | literally never turned them off, all these years later.
       | Especially now that I have a toddler I like that I can have the
       | volume low and not miss anything.
        
       | captainbland wrote:
       | I started using them for two reasons: at one place we were
       | living, there was a lot of ambient noise which would sometimes
       | periodically drown out the sound which can make you miss key
       | pieces of dialogue. It's also the case that the large amount of
       | dynamic range in many modern shows/films means that for the loud
       | sounds to be at a reasonable volume, some speech gets almost
       | inaudibly quiet so subtitles help with that.
        
         | lloeki wrote:
         | Seconding that. Also some movies/shows have potent actors yet
         | somehow they have terrible delivery^, but the subs are good. In
         | that case I either lower volume (and mentally shut away voices)
         | or outright turn sound off and use the power of imagination^^.
         | 
         | ^ also applies to bad dubbing + original audio not available
         | 
         | ^^ seems to be an increasingly rare skill these days
        
       | RattlesnakeJake wrote:
       | 1) Dialogue is mixed too quietly these days 2) Thin LCD TVs have
       | bad speakers, and I haven't gotten around to researching
       | soundboard yet 3) My kids talk through everything and I can't
       | hear over them
        
       | aasasd wrote:
       | Idk what you can do with streaming services, but old-school VLC
       | users can dodge ,,whisper and explosions" by turning dynamic
       | compression to the max.
       | 
       | In theory one can use systemwide in-line effects with something
       | like AU Lab to the same end, but that's kind of a pain at least
       | on Mac, mostly because virtual audio devices like 'Blackhole'
       | tend to not work. Perhaps the paid 'Loopback' does work, dunno.
       | 
       | Also funny how USians complain en masse about volume too loud
       | (with the trademark 'shaking the house'), when with a simple pair
       | of desktop speakers it would be physically impossible to have
       | that problem. Man buys big speakers, surprised to discover that
       | they provide loud sound.
        
       | antiterra wrote:
       | The other trend I notice is not caring much at all about video
       | quality. If there's social interaction, young people I know are
       | happy with a low bitrate 720p streamed over discord in a small
       | window. Maybe this is an artifact of videos on phones?
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | This trend is as old as filesharing, probably much older
        
           | antiterra wrote:
           | There have always been people who don't care,
           | 
           | I'm saying that the demographic corresponding with tech
           | enthusiasts who were excited about DTS, THX, 4k, Blu-Ray, or
           | complained about 240p video on YouTube seem to care much less
           | now.
        
             | Bakary wrote:
             | The market is a bit more streamlined now, so once you check
             | the 4K OLED smart TV surround speaker box there's less to
             | discuss about hardware. With the rise of streaming, the
             | decision is binary: use it or don't. And if you do use it
             | your choice is more limited when it comes to discussing
             | video quality itself.
             | 
             | Tech enthusiasts focused on quality will be found
             | discussing encoding methods on private torrenting groups or
             | emerging tech like e-ink. And the "audiophile" crowd is as
             | vibrant as ever.
        
           | Macha wrote:
           | Yep, the 12-14" CRT was a fixture in basically every kids
           | bedroom in my childhood and a decade later it was flip top
           | portable dvd players with built in screen. Absolutely garbage
           | picture quality even by the standards of the day, pretty
           | popular because it gave them control and could be shared with
           | friends
        
             | antiterra wrote:
             | I have never seen someone of big-screen means choose to
             | watch a flip top dvd player outside of a portable
             | environment or the kitchen or something. There are people
             | with 4k TVs viewable from their desk who primarily watch
             | movies in a small Discord window because of the social
             | element.
        
         | egypturnash wrote:
         | This is not new. People were absolutely delighted to watch
         | smeary third-generation VHS dubs of Japanese cartoons back in
         | the eighties.
        
           | antiterra wrote:
           | I was one of them which is maybe why I want to be as far from
           | the low vertical resolution smeary VHS world as possible when
           | it comes to film/Tv.
           | 
           | Of course, the frustrating limitations of the past become the
           | faux-nostalgic aesthetic of the future (there's like a Gibson
           | quote for this I think?) I'm all for fake tracking artifacts
           | in a music video.
        
             | egypturnash wrote:
             | "Whatever you now find weird, ugly, uncomfortable and nasty
             | about a new medium will surely become its signature. CD
             | distortion, the jitteriness of digital video, the crap
             | sound of 8-bit - all of these will be cherished and
             | emulated as soon as they can be avoided. It's the sound of
             | failure: so much modern art is the sound of things going
             | out of control, of a medium pushing to its limits and
             | breaking apart. The distorted guitar sound is the sound of
             | something too loud for the medium supposed to carry it. The
             | blues singer with the cracked voice is the sound of an
             | emotional cry too powerful for the throat that releases it.
             | The excitement of grainy film, of bleached-out black and
             | white, is the excitement of witnessing events too momentous
             | for the medium assigned to record them." -- Brian Eno, A
             | Year With Swollen Appendices
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | My favorite movie of all time is City of God, which is entirely
       | in Portugese. Somehow the captions don't lessen that movie for me
       | at all.
        
       | davesque wrote:
       | Wsj knows their audience. They're the folks who want to frame
       | everything in terms of all the weird and entitled things that
       | 20-somethings do. They're sure to get their clicks with that
       | title.
        
       | pfdietz wrote:
       | Why look at captions when you can look at the transcript?
        
       | bigbillheck wrote:
       | Pushing 50, and don't really watch tv any more, but in my 20s and
       | 30s I would regularly watch tv with captions on and sound off.
       | Made it a lot easier to tune out ads.
        
       | yamtaddle wrote:
       | > They're now a must-have for plenty of people without hearing
       | loss, too, helping them better understand the audio or allowing
       | them to multitask.
       | 
       | Aha! I have some answers here. Kind of, anyway.
       | 
       | This is something that people _older than_ 20-something do, too,
       | and have done their whole lives.
       | 
       | They're likely to do it if they grew up with the following often
       | being true:
       | 
       | 1) The TV is on.
       | 
       | 2) At least some people are _actually trying to watch it_ (it 's
       | not just "background noise")
       | 
       | 3) The living space is fairly compact, such that if people are
       | making noise in common areas there are _no other_ common areas to
       | escape to (not with a TV, anyway).
       | 
       | 4) Bedrooms maybe don't have a TV or they aren't equipped with
       | the same stuff as the "good" (living room, probably) TV.
       | 
       | 5) House chaotic, lots of people around doing various things,
       | many of these people (adults and kids alike) talking much louder
       | than what some of us may be used to.
       | 
       | 6) TV often in use in this same way during large gatherings
       | (family and friends over, holidays, whatever)
       | 
       | In other words--drum roll--a Fussellian "Prole" (lower class)
       | house.
       | 
       | But, why is this showing up in stats _now_? I suspect two causes:
       | 
       | 1) "Prole" kids growing up and getting more streaming services
       | than their parents had, plus using them more.
       | 
       | 2) Anime has gone very, very mainstream among "the youths", so
       | (as some others have noted) this may be expanding the set of
       | people for whom captions seem normal beyond the ones I'm
       | otherwise describing here.
       | 
       | Source: I know people for whom having the captioning on was
       | normal when they were growing up, and they still do it because
       | it's what they're used to, and I was in their houses when we were
       | kids and saw _why_ they gained that habit /preference. They're
       | older than their 20s.
       | 
       | [EDIT] Others mentioned modern video sources coming with audio
       | mixes that suck ass on most home entertainment systems--just
       | flat-out incompatible with the reality of how most people watch
       | TV/movies, where they want the highs (KABOOM! BLAM, BLAM!) to be
       | _much lower_ than the highs in a modern movie theater, plus are
       | very likely watching on a crappy  "sound bar", if not built-in
       | stereo speakers. That could be a 3) on my list of causes, with 2
       | and 3 both being things _other than_ the main phenomenon I 'm
       | describing int he rest of the post. This one would basically be
       | the fault of movie and TV productions themselves, who aren't
       | serving most home viewers well with the audio mixes they're
       | providing.
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | I have never understood surround sound: just mix the audio in
       | mono and make sure that every word can be cleanly heard by my
       | father who is 85 and uses a hearing aid. As an unintended side
       | effect your movie will be more widely appreciated by every other
       | demographic.
       | 
       | The premise of surround sound is that it is extremely important
       | to know the direction that the sound is coming from -- but when
       | you sacrifice the audience's understanding of what is happening
       | in the movie to achieve this sound directionality, then you've
       | completely lost the plot.
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | I seem to be missing the gene that most people my age have that
         | requires them to have 5.1 or 7.1 sound, and I consider myself
         | to be somewhat of a movie connoisseur. Actually, maybe that's
         | why.
         | 
         | I can feel immersed in a movie without needing the sound to
         | 'prove' it. The picture is still that little window in front of
         | me, why does the sound need to be all over?
         | 
         | Happy to be educated as to all the reasons I'm missing out on
         | 'the real experience' though.
        
       | everforward wrote:
       | I think part of this is the relatively new diversity of media.
       | People are getting used to subtitles because of foreign
       | languages, and like being able to make out every word. Likewise
       | for shows that have very thick accents; there are a few accents
       | that become utterly undecipherable to me if they're thick enough,
       | especially with the crap speakers built into TV's.
       | 
       | Once I got used to having them on for stuff I needed them for, I
       | tend to leave them on unless I'm watching carefully and it bugs
       | me that they block part of the screen.
        
       | baby wrote:
       | Interestingly nobody in France needs subtitles. But when I watch
       | english movies and shows I do need them. I was surprised when I
       | realized that Americans used subtitles to watch American shows as
       | well. It reminded me of China.
       | 
       | I still remember watching Tenet and feeling like it was just
       | another movie I couldn't understand because I didn't have
       | subtitles. And then I realized that even native speakers couldn't
       | understand it.
        
       | rambojohnson wrote:
       | this is not a generational thing, but more about immersion...
        
       | extragood wrote:
       | > Captions can also facilitate multitasking
       | 
       | I have a hard time believing this. Captions demand _more_
       | attention if anything. I can passively  "watch" a video by only
       | listening to the audio, but I can't passively read.
       | 
       | I think that the phenomenon described in the article may actually
       | be a symptom of a much deeper social change. Listening and
       | auditory comprehension were critical skills for communication and
       | preservation of knowledge in prehistory. Spoken word is
       | inherently ephemeral. As civilizations developed or adopted
       | writing systems, and the population became increasingly literate,
       | text supplanted spoken communication and oral history in many
       | areas. There are many obvious benefits to that change, but I
       | believe that we also inadvertently sacrificed our listening and
       | auditory comprehension skills in the process over many
       | generations.
       | 
       | Text messaging/SMS is increasingly preferred to phone calls, with
       | many of the younger generations experiencing high levels of
       | anxiety if they're required to call someone.
       | 
       | This is completely anecdotal, but I've also observed several
       | others who are unable to follow verbal navigation instructions -
       | either spoken from another person or even live step by step
       | instructions from a navigation app. They only feel confident if
       | there's a visual representation.
       | 
       | I think we've mistakenly classified that behavior as having a
       | "visual learning style", when it is more accurately the result of
       | our species losing its ability to process auditory language.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | I won't pretend I'm fully multitasking, but sometimes I want a
         | comfort show on in the background that I've seen before while I
         | play a game on my phone/iPad. In those cases it's nice to be
         | able to look up and see what was said if you just missed part
         | of it. But I also leave subs on 100% the time I'm normally
         | watching for the obvious reason of not missing anything, it's
         | not just for background TV.
        
         | chmod775 wrote:
         | > I have a hard time believing this. Captions demand more
         | attention if anything. I can passively "watch" a video by only
         | listening to the audio, but I can't passively read.
         | 
         | I do this. I can parse what is happening on screen and read the
         | captions in a fraction of the time the thing actually plays
         | out, then I got a few seconds to do something else. Usually I
         | would be reading HN or something while I tune out the video for
         | a few seconds, before glancing at it again to catch the next
         | bit.
         | 
         |  _Listening_ to a video and reading something else at the same
         | time doesn 't work for me. When I do that, I usually forget
         | what I was reading or miss something in the video. Interleaving
         | works much better for me.
         | 
         | Also I don't normally do that, just when there's some
         | particularly boring part that I don't want to skip but which
         | doesn't demand my undivided attention.
        
           | cercatrova wrote:
           | > _I do this. I can parse what is happening on screen and
           | read the captions in a fraction of the time the thing
           | actually plays out, then I got a few seconds to do something
           | else. Usually I would be reading HN or something while I tune
           | out the video for a few seconds, before glancing at it again
           | to catch the next bit._
           | 
           | That kind of context switching really does sound terrible to
           | me. In my case, I speed up the content itself by 3 to 5x
           | speed so that I can process more information at once and any
           | boring bits are basically sped through. It's helped me retain
           | a lot more information than simply watching at 1x speed.
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | It's not so much the verbal aspect rather than the memory
         | aspect. Written instructions are more soothing because you can
         | refer to them verbatim and they stand no risk of being
         | forgotten.
        
         | d1sxeyes wrote:
         | I think you're right in absolute terms, that captions require
         | more attention than audio generally, that's only true if you're
         | choosing one or the other, when most people are doing both.
         | 
         | With audio, if you missed a word, because you were focussing on
         | something else for a moment, you have to rewind. If you have
         | captions on, you can glance quickly at the screen, read the
         | word or two that you missed, allowing you to 'recover'.
         | 
         | That allows you to pay even less active attention to the audio,
         | because you know you can always 'error-correct' later.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | I can read considerably faster than people speak. I can keep up
         | with a scene by glancing at the image and reading the text
         | while focused on something else primarily. I can't do that with
         | audio.
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | This is an interesting take actually.. If we can assume that
         | younger generations spend more time communicating
         | electronically via some form of text messaging, at least the
         | majority so, are you saying that that just becomes the
         | "default" form of communication naturally?
         | 
         | Where are older generations would have spend far more time
         | communicating verbally..
         | 
         | That makes some sense to me anyway. Would be super interesting
         | to see some further studies done. And to philosophise the
         | results that could mean.
        
           | extragood wrote:
           | I was thinking along those lines, yeah. Extrapolating that
           | out, I can imagine a future where writing is the _only_ form
           | of language. It 'd make for some interesting dystopian
           | fiction, if nothing else.
           | 
           | I'd be interested in some formal studies as well. My thoughts
           | aren't well researched or anything. Just ideas.
        
         | gommm wrote:
         | I disagree, I have a harder time paying attention to people
         | speaking than reading. Reading is faster, much faster than
         | waiting for people finish a sentence.
         | 
         | Then again, maybe you're right, I don't process auditory
         | language and when I was in university, I skipped classes to
         | instead read the textbook back to back without a teacher
         | distracting me by yammering around.
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | It's simpler than this. If you're watching a movie/show on a
         | phone or laptop in a shared area, it'll probably be at low
         | volume, so you can't hear the dialog. I've watched entire
         | series with CC for exactly this reason.
         | 
         | With social media videos, CC is even more important cause
         | nobody wants their phone making noise in public, and any wise
         | app will mute by default anyway.
        
         | jejeyyy77 wrote:
         | I can browse my phone/watch instagram videos with a NFLX show
         | playing. If something interesting happens I can look up and
         | quickly catch up on the dialogue by reading the caption.
        
       | xena wrote:
       | Why is it so hard to hear dialogue in modern TV shows and movies?
        
         | topspin wrote:
         | Because they're producing for surround sound systems you can't
         | be bothered to deploy or operate optimally. 5.1, 7.1, etc. The
         | "center" channel, in particular, is where the bulk of dialog is
         | rendered and if your system can't synthesize that channel
         | extremely well on the loud speakers you have then dialog
         | suffers. Also, if you lack a surround sound system -- say
         | you're using a pair of stereo speakers -- all the audio is
         | mixed to these few loud speakers and the spatial segregation
         | that we two-eared beings use to isolate sound is lost. There is
         | no fix for that; the work was produced with the assumption of
         | surround sound and driving all of that audio through a pair of
         | closely spaced flat screen speakers/sound bar/whatever screws
         | everything up spatially and dynamic range wise.
         | 
         | The audio is tailored for the minority of people that invest in
         | "home theater" while most people, even those that can afford
         | to, don't care enough about teevee to build such a system. In
         | theory one should expect media to support non-optimal cases,
         | and provision for exactly that exists, but this costs more
         | production money to do correctly and so it gets neglected in
         | various ways. Obviously they don't neglect the demanding
         | consumer with his costly home theater setup because they'll get
         | pilloried, so they half ass the other side.
        
       | zzo38computer wrote:
       | I use captions too, even though I can (usually) hear the TV.
       | There are many reasons for this:
       | 
       | - I think it makes it somewhat easier to understand than audio
       | only, for one thing.
       | 
       | - If you do not know what they said, because you have missed it,
       | possibly due to other noise in the room (telephone, other people
       | speaking, etc).
       | 
       | - Sometimes the speech of the movie is difficult due to e.g. you
       | do not understand the accent of their speech, etc.
       | 
       | - If you want to reduce the volume or mute to not bother other
       | people.
       | 
       | - If you do not know how to spell someone's name, or an obscure
       | word. (Unfortunately, sometimes the caption writers do not know,
       | and do it wrong.)
       | 
       | - In some shows, they will mention the name of a piece of music;
       | this can help in case you do not know. (They do not always do
       | this, though.)
       | 
       | However, there are often problems with them. For example,
       | sometimes the caption writers do not know what they are saying,
       | either. The caption writers should try to make an effort to find
       | out what they are saying (and the proper spelling), by whatever
       | means are appropriate, e.g. referring to the script, asking the
       | people there, watching the show twice to make corrections if
       | necessary, etc. (This might not always be possible, e.g. live
       | shows that are broadcast as they are being filmed rather than
       | being edited later, but they should do it when possible.)
       | 
       | I also sometimes see worthless captions, e.g. "male announcer
       | reads words on screen". I think that is worthless, and should be
       | omitted.
       | 
       | (If you can specify "hidden captions", then it may be useful to
       | encode the text which is already part of the picture, as a hidden
       | caption and then allow it to be displayed in a caption scrollback
       | menu if the TV system you are using has such a menu (I do not
       | know of any that do have it, but it is something that I would
       | think would be good to have).)
       | 
       | A good feature of captions is that you can turn on/off, and can
       | customize fonts/opacity on some receivers (I personally prefer
       | translucent captions). (DVD video only allows on/off (and
       | selection by language, sometimes), although it should also be
       | possible to allow adjusting colours/opacity (since DVD subtitles
       | are encoded as pictures using indexed colours), although font
       | changing will not be possible.)
        
         | pnut wrote:
         | Those worthless captions are audio description for the hearing
         | impaired.
        
           | zzo38computer wrote:
           | I think they are not very useful even for someone who cannot
           | hear them, though. The picture should be obvious what it is
           | meaning and the captions might cover up the words in the
           | picture (I have seen that happen before).
        
       | jschveibinz wrote:
       | Two reasons from my perspective, other than my ears are getting
       | older:
       | 
       | 1. The sound mix has a huge dynamic range now, and lots of action
       | scenes are mixed in with quiet conversation. Set the volume down,
       | and you miss the dialogue. Set the volume up, and you wake up the
       | neighbors.
       | 
       | 2. Dialects and accents seem to be more prevalent in content, and
       | CC helps to cut down the cognitive load of "translation" while
       | being entertained. Frankly, I enjoy the diversity of content, but
       | I don't want to have to work hard to watch TV.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | > 1. The sound mix has a huge dynamic range now, and lots of
         | action scenes are mixed in with quiet conversation. Set the
         | volume down, and you miss the dialogue. Set the volume up, and
         | you wake up the neighbors.
         | 
         | I've also noticed a prevalence of mixing background noise/music
         | into dialogue scenes which often overpowers the main dialogue,
         | or overlaps in audio range enough to make it hard to hear. Add
         | in sub-par audio equipment, or equipment which is compelled to
         | emphasize one end of the audio over the other - and you have a
         | recipe for difficult to understand dialogue.
         | 
         | Turning on the closed captions is an easier solution than
         | fussing with the audio in many cases.
        
         | silisili wrote:
         | > Dialects and accents seem to be more prevalent in content
         | 
         | This is why they are always on in our house. I think people who
         | understand fine take for granted how hard accents can be.
         | 
         | My wife is ESL. She understands me fine, and the 'neutral tv
         | accent.' She can't understand a word my father says(Appalachian
         | accent). Can't understand British people, Boston accents, etc.
         | She's learning, slowly, but I've never even thought about how
         | amazing it is we're able to process all the different ways
         | people speak, rather seamlessly.
        
         | acron0 wrote:
         | > 1. The sound mix has a huge dynamic range now, and lots of
         | action scenes are mixed in with quiet conversation. Set the
         | volume down, and you miss the dialogue. Set the volume up, and
         | you wake up the neighbors.
         | 
         | I was once told, by a salesperson in a TV store that this was
         | essentially "by design" and that the solution they're taught to
         | present is to "buy a soundbar". From his understanding, in the
         | quest to get thinner TV manufacturers sacrificed built-in
         | speaker size and quality, which results in the effect you
         | describe. I am not sure how much is sales patter and how much
         | is truth...but I bought a sound bar!
        
           | brigade wrote:
           | The smaller speakers in a TV naturally compress the dynamic
           | range because they _can 't_ get loud, and especially can't
           | get loud in the lower frequencies that travel more easily
           | through walls. Getting good speakers actually makes the
           | dynamic range problem worse since the loud parts get even
           | louder and travel through walls even easier.
           | 
           | Soundbars have really good margins though, so it's
           | unsurprising that that's the solution they sell!
        
           | duped wrote:
           | Built in TV audio has always been bad. That said some TVs are
           | starting to use the screen as a diaphragm now, which is
           | interesting.
           | 
           | It's not "by design" so much as bad audio setups are going to
           | sound bad, and a lot of people don't know how to shop for or
           | care about it.
        
         | simooooo wrote:
         | If you don't have a Center channel speaker, the vocals are
         | regularly inaudible
        
         | als0 wrote:
         | > 1. The sound mix has a huge dynamic range now, and lots of
         | action scenes are mixed in with quiet conversation. Set the
         | volume down, and you miss the dialogue. Set the volume up, and
         | you wake up the neighbors.
         | 
         | I've found this really frustrating. I constantly have to
         | control the volume when watching a movie. Commercials are also
         | obnoxiously loud. It made me wonder whether the TV could
         | automatically "balance" upcoming sounds so that quiet scenes
         | are never quiet and loud ones are not too loud.
        
           | dizhn wrote:
           | Some TVs and receivers have a night mode that does what you
           | want. It's basically a compressor that cuts off the high
           | peaks.
           | 
           | I've always been told that the ads are not really louder,
           | that's another compression technique at work. There's no
           | dynamic range and everything is at the top of the volume
           | range. ( I think it amounts to the same thing )
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | Apple TV has a "reduce loud sounds" setting that basically
           | does this
        
       | trog wrote:
       | In my mid forties and gave up on trying to understand the audio a
       | couple years ago.
       | 
       | Recently bought a sound bar which has helped quite a bit with the
       | audio quality - apparently it's one with emphasis on centre
       | channel so should have better voice output? - but we're still
       | rocking the subtitles.
       | 
       | The big downside is I tend to read them much faster. So I'm often
       | laughing at jokes several seconds before my partner as apparently
       | I read faster than they do!
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | It's not just a case of hearing loss. Much of the time, the
         | soundmixing is just godawful.
        
       | rch wrote:
       | I watch Netflix with captions on and the sound low or muted, so I
       | can multitask reading other things. It's easier to follow
       | parallel streams of text than voice and text at the same time.
        
       | egypturnash wrote:
       | One reason neither the article nor the comments here are
       | mentioning: lots of videos are now designed to be Content in an
       | Endless Feed, and are made with the intent of capturing your
       | interest even if you're sitting there with your phone muted. Text
       | floating on the screen increases the chance of making you stop
       | scrolling and rack up that precious view count.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | pts_ wrote:
       | I am not under 40 but I like reading captions because it's less
       | effort than putting on headphones or buds, and keeps me aware of
       | surroundings.
        
       | Too wrote:
       | Not mentioned in the article is the type of content watched.
       | Concluding the audio mixing disaster discussed above, one theory
       | would be: Young people watch fast Marvel actions with explosions
       | and terrible audio mixing. Old people watch slow crime mysteries
       | with no background music.
        
       | thanhhaimai wrote:
       | As some one who has CC on all the time if possible, here is the
       | simple reason why I do it: it saves time.
       | 
       | - when I play game, I don't need to restart or rewind if I missed
       | a sentence.
       | 
       | - when I watch movie, similarly, I can capture way more context
       | without having to ask "what did the character say?"
       | 
       | - when I click on a short clip, I can understand without having
       | to turn on and off audio.
       | 
       | It's all about convenience and saving time for me.
        
         | lanstin wrote:
         | Also a lot of times you get plot info from the captions. Like I
         | won't hear anything but the caption is [ominous foot steps] or
         | [Krish slamming the door]
        
       | rapjr9 wrote:
       | If you find dialog is difficult to understand you might try
       | adding a sonic maximizer (for example Behringer Sonic Ultramizer
       | or BBE Maximizer), a sonic exciter (Behringer Sonic Exciter or
       | Aphex Aural Exciter), and maybe a little compression and plate
       | reverb.
        
       | zimpenfish wrote:
       | Reiterating the many "sound mixes are terrible, subtitles are
       | vital" comments but also adding that my ears basically can't
       | process more than one sound at a time - if there's external noise
       | (someone commenting on the TV, the feral children outside, a
       | party in the park across the square, washing machine /
       | dishwasher, etc.), it'll interfere with my understanding of the
       | dialogue. Hence subtitles.
        
       | hrbf wrote:
       | Unless I'm missing something major, the article does not answer
       | its headline question in any way. It just presents a bunch of
       | examples but does not come to any conclusion.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | Par for the course with question titles. Betteridge's law of
         | headlines says: "Any headline that ends in a question mark can
         | be answered by the word no."[1]. That rule, however, doesn't
         | apply to "why?" questions because they are not yes/no
         | constructions.
         | 
         | Nevertheless, there's an aspect of Betteridge's law at work
         | here. Running a story that doesn't really have anything to it
         | yet needing to meet production targets - in the old days,
         | column-inches to fill, today, space to place ads. Reporters are
         | required to produce a certain number of articles of a certain
         | length per week. An honest headline would just say, in effect,
         | that after looking into it, the reporter didn't find an answer.
         | An honest headline might be OK in newsprint. Online, the drive
         | for "engagement" requires a headline that will lure readers in,
         | and thus sell ads.
         | 
         | tl;dr money.
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | Forgot the reference: https://web.archive.org/web/20090226202
           | 006/http://www.techno...
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | I vote for subtitles as an over-40. I started literally requiring
       | subtitles due to the presence of children (whom I dearly love) in
       | the house and all the other various household sounds like kettles
       | boiling or dishwashers or washing machines or toilet flushes or
       | whatever the fuck else.
       | 
       | But I can't go back. I've re-watched movies with subtitles and
       | found explanations of things (non-plot critical, but contributory
       | or interesting) that were previously drowned out by mumbling or
       | poor mixing or just not having the volume high enough to vibrate
       | the foundations.
       | 
       | Subtitles explain all!
       | 
       | (I actually find it's harder to multitask if I'm watching a show,
       | because I need to read the screen - this isn't necessarily a bad
       | thing if it's a show I've actually chosen to try to watch).
       | 
       | P.S. 2nd episode of the latest season of Rick and Morty has an
       | ... interesting ... differentiation between the subtitles and
       | spoken words for one specific word starting with c, in which the
       | subtitle was the original, category* 0, word, whilst the
       | obviously replaced word also started with c but is a somewhat
       | more acceptable category* 2 word.
       | 
       | *categories made up by me on the spot.
        
         | conorcleary wrote:
         | Without subtitles you can go back later and rewatch a fairly
         | different show for the first time :)
        
       | RickJWagner wrote:
       | I use captions often when I'm using 2x speed.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | There is also the reverse - I don't want hearing loss so I refuse
       | to jack up the volume. Which in turn makes things harder to hear
       | so captions help
       | 
       | Plus yeah they're a little lagged so helpful for multitasking if
       | you miss a fraction of a sentence. Lets you recover from the gap
       | without rewinding the vid
        
       | mynegation wrote:
       | ESL here. Not so much for TikTok videos but I turn on subtitles
       | when movie dialog is in some English dialect that is different
       | from the standard North American one. I could not figure out 40%
       | of what is happening in "No country for old men". British period
       | dramas are sometimes hard too.
        
       | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
       | Maybe they were watching Tenet and left CC on.
        
       | INGSOCIALITE wrote:
       | I was a bartender for a long time and I just got so used to
       | having the closed captioning on so I could watch tv that I cannot
       | engage myself in any video media any more without closed
       | captioning on
        
       | zoid_ wrote:
       | Having young kids makes subtitles essential if you want to watch
       | the news or any other low quality media in the background whilst
       | they are playing!
       | 
       | Got used to it after a couple of years and found them useful for
       | deciphering speech that would otherwise be missed.
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | I think that when you spend a lot of time reading, the cognitive
       | load becomes almost free.
       | 
       | On the contrary, listening is difficult, especially when people
       | don't talk very well or loud enough, or with foreign accents.
       | 
       | Combining reading and listening is a way to simply reduce the
       | cognitive load.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | Something like this occurred to me. I can watch movies and
         | videos for entertainment and casual attention, but I follow and
         | learn video terribly. I need words. I do OK with presentations
         | and lectures where there's a slide deck. If it's solely
         | talking, I don't keep up well. Captions make it possible for me
         | to engage my better cognitive abilities.
         | 
         | What I see happening is that the much-ballyhooed "pivot to
         | video", though more hype than reality, is a thing - I see more
         | stuff as just video, nothing written.
        
         | lanstin wrote:
         | Pretty sure practice also improves that. Even lip reading is
         | possible with enough practice. And for sure accents
         | understanding improve pretty fast if you bend your mind to it.
         | The danger there for me is if I am trying to get a new accent,
         | I might start copying the accent or word choices a bit and
         | embarrass myself. Humans are amazingly flexible in what we can
         | do without thought, after a bit of practice.
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | Does YouTube have auto captioning that works? Can I just use lynx
       | or something to browse technical documentation on it instead of
       | watching a slooowww PowerPoint presentation?
       | 
       | The article suggests tiktok has such a thing.
        
         | csours wrote:
         | YouTube autogenerated subtitles are very hit or miss. They work
         | pretty well for the 90% case, but the 10% they fail on are
         | usually the interesting parts
        
       | csours wrote:
       | You know, maybe this is why I like YouTube better than movies and
       | episodic "TV" content. YouTube videos have to have good audio, or
       | they never survive the algorithm (I'm sure you can find
       | counterexamples).
        
       | sph wrote:
       | I turned them on 15 years ago when I was trying to get better at
       | understanding English accents and never turned them off. I don't
       | use subs on Youtube for example, but I hate watching a movie or
       | TV show without, and my movie download pipeline automatically
       | fetches them for me. I tried to wean myself off, but I'd rather
       | keep them on and never miss a line because of terrible mixing or
       | noisy living room.
        
       | oh_my_goodness wrote:
       | One more vote for "it's not my age, it's the mumbling and the
       | sound engineering."
        
       | malshe wrote:
       | Without paywall: https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-do-all-
       | these-20-somethings-...
        
       | shreyshnaccount wrote:
       | all around bad audio engineering. sounds sound different on
       | different hardware.
        
       | ttjjtt wrote:
       | One aspect that's under recognized is the widespread use of ADR
       | (automatic dialog replacement) https://filmlifestyle.com/what-is-
       | adr-in-filmmaking/
       | 
       | In the 80s and 90s this was an occasionally used process to fix
       | problematic scenes, now it's used for 70-100% of a full,
       | particularly high budget.
       | 
       | The actors sit in an anechoic sound recording room and whisper
       | their lines a few cm from a microphone
       | 
       | They'll do this even if the camera POV is meters away from the
       | character in a busy environment, where the any human would be
       | talking loudly straining to be heard over the background noise.
       | 
       | ADR makes all dialog recording sound like soft pillow talk.
       | 
       | Add incessant overproduced over compressed music score to the
       | mix, a 5.1 to stereo downmix, and you have an incomprehensible
       | movie.
        
       | kyawzazaw wrote:
       | Hard to hear for me. Also non-native English speaker.
        
       | racl101 wrote:
       | My hearing sucks. There.
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | Not being 20-something, I can't speak for them, but for me:
       | 
       | A lot of dialog is mixed way down in relation to the music and
       | background noise, actors tend to speed up and drop the volume at
       | the ends of their sentences, and of course there are those pesky
       | accents.
       | 
       | I'm seeing a lot of other good reasons in this thread, too.
        
         | stubish wrote:
         | One cause of this is sending 5.1 audio through two speakers,
         | where the center channel just gets dropped along with a lot of
         | dialog. Another cause is of course crappy mixing.
        
           | knaik94 wrote:
           | I have never seen software or receivers that drops the center
           | channel instead of doing a proper downmix. The exception is
           | when the user has incorrectly set up the speakers to identify
           | as 5.1 when they have only a 2.0 or 2.1 setup.
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | I think it's this, if you want to have the volume at a level
         | where conversations are understandable, the action scenes or
         | other "high tension" moments are way too loud, and you spend
         | your evening ride the volume control...
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | Yea, this is our family too. Volume button up and down, up
           | and down, for 3 hours. I don't recall this being a problem
           | with older movies, either. I feel like maybe modern
           | moviemakers have access to sound pipelines with crazy vast
           | dynamic range, and audio engineers feel they have to use
           | every setting from "mouse quiet" to "nuclear bomb" in order
           | to do their jobs right.
        
             | fleventynine wrote:
             | The best thing I ever did for my den was put one of these
             | between the TV and the speakers:
             | https://www.fmraudio.com/rnc.html
             | 
             | Twiddle a few knobs and now everything is the same volume
             | and I can keep it at a nice low level and not wake the
             | kids, but still hear everything.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Interesting. Audacity has various compression settings.
               | Have you tried that?
        
               | fleventynine wrote:
               | Sure, but my TV can't run Audacity :)
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Admittedly I haven't tried this so probably misguided,
               | but if you can stick that box in front of the TV, could
               | you not put a computer instead?
        
               | fleventynine wrote:
               | Yes, a computer with a good low-noise ad/da converter can
               | be an excellent compressor. But it's likely to be much
               | more expensive than a used RNC.
        
       | hot_gril wrote:
       | It's just hard to hear the dialog in some movies, and I'm not
       | hard of hearing. I think it was always like this, but you'd crank
       | up the volume to overcome it. Now that I often watch on a laptop,
       | that's not an option.
       | 
       | Also there was the diner robbery scene in "Pulp Fiction." My
       | brother said, "Let's turn on subtitles despite the fact that this
       | guy is speaking English. I can't deal with the accent."
        
       | nomilk wrote:
       | TL;DR people are turning on closed captions (i.e. subtitles of
       | the same language as the video) to increase their focus.
       | 
       | I've been doing something slightly similar in reading Fawlty
       | Towers scripts [1] on my phone while watching the episodes, and
       | it yielded about 20% more jokes (ones I'd missed in the past,
       | even from 10+ viewings of each episode!).
       | 
       | For example, Basil mumbling this brilliancy in his initial
       | exchange with Mr Hutchinson:
       | 
       | > In a nutshell
       | 
       | > Case, more like.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://subslikescript.com/series/Fawlty_Towers-72500/season...
        
       | godmode2019 wrote:
       | I just want to leave a comment to the people who said they turn
       | it on for movies because they can't hear the audio over other
       | movie sounds.
       | 
       | If you can't hear the audio clearly the director didn't want to
       | you to hear the audio correctly. Some scenes especially with
       | thick accents the point is to be ambiguous, you having captions
       | on is basically a cheat code to get more context than the
       | director wanted you to have.
       | 
       | Same goes for when someone speaks a foreign language, if the CC
       | is not baked into the video layer I assume the director wanted me
       | to be in the shoes of someone who cant understand a conversion
       | and guess the characters intent.
       | 
       | It's like reading a novel with pictures on every page, you don't
       | need that much context, it robs your brains ability to infer with
       | missing context.
        
       | pkamb wrote:
       | Please, an Apple TV feature that just automatically turns on
       | Closed Captioning whenever you Skip Back 15 seconds.
       | 
       | I don't want to ask Siri every time.
        
         | sowbug wrote:
         | Netflix used to have this. I don't know why they got rid of it.
        
       | Beltalowda wrote:
       | I grew up with Dutch subs and later English subs on the beeb (you
       | could use teletext for that back in the day - maybe you still
       | can?) in my teens. Then I watched stuff without subs for years
       | just fine; I managed to watch Shameless without subs years ago
       | (which was a bit hard at times; stuff didn't commonly come with
       | subs back then). I turned on subs for The Expanse as the belter
       | dialect was difficult to follow at times, and I've used it
       | regularly ever since. It just makes things a tad easier; no more
       | "wait, what did he say? ah well, whatever" At times it also makes
       | things a bit easier to skip ahead when things aren't all that
       | interesting.
        
       | a-dub wrote:
       | does zoom have auto-captioning yet?
        
       | stuckinhell wrote:
       | Because they are on their phone a lot, and reading is faster. So
       | closed captions allow easier multitasking.
        
       | StanislavPetrov wrote:
       | As a gen-x'r I find it incredibly distracting to keep subtitles
       | on, and always turn them off whenever possible.
        
       | dhosek wrote:
       | Speaking of captioning, why the expletive deleted do I have to
       | turn on captions every single time I enter a meeting in Google
       | Meet, Teams, Zoom (which makes it really hard to get captions),
       | Slack Huddle (which I'm not sure if it has captions or not now
       | because the last time I was in one I couldn't find a setting to
       | turn it on), BlueJeans, etc.? I'm signed into every single one of
       | these and using a dedicated app in many cases and yet every
       | single one forgets that I _always_ need captions. In contrast,
       | all the video streaming services that I use don't require me to
       | turn on captioning after the first time.
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | I believe this is because these settings are linked to the host
         | in some of these apps. For instance, captions can be blocked by
         | the host on Zoom. There is no such aspect to consider when
         | streaming video for a single user.
         | 
         | How do I know this? I once organized a session on accessibility
         | and it turned out a deaf guest had the captions blocked by our
         | IT guy who didn't understand what was going on...
        
       | dangerwill wrote:
       | I'm in my 30s and I use subtitles for everything because I don't
       | have the absolute best hearing and I was an anime fan growing up
       | so it never felt weird. Doesn't the Wall Street Journal have
       | better things to be doing other than trying to make a false
       | generational divide over subtitles?
       | 
       | Like seriously, this kind of needless naval gazing from a
       | supposedly serious outlet just frustrates me so much.
        
         | boltzmann-brain wrote:
         | Fully agreed - it's not a generational thing at all. They're
         | just continuing the "nolan bad" meme that's been going around
         | in double force since tenet came out. Watch them make another
         | article about subtitles focusing on nolan soon enough, it's
         | coming for sure.
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | Ironically we could be creating a generational divide over the
         | fact that older people seem to like to categorize and explain
         | away the youth without proper insight into the matter.
        
       | joeman1000 wrote:
       | I started using subtitles to watch movies with my wife, who used
       | to have trouble understanding American English. I've become so
       | used to them that I use them on my own now.
       | 
       | Could be a combination of:
       | 
       | - Degraded hearing
       | 
       | - Degraded audio comprehension, relying on the text
       | 
       | - Realising how much I was missing, just due to bad audio mixing
       | or low quality TV speakers
       | 
       | - Getting over the 'annoyance' of having text pop up on screen &
       | being able to view both the subject & text at once.
       | 
       | I watched Top Gun (new) with my dad, he has a sound-bar setup and
       | a HUGE TV. I honestly couldn't understand 50% of the dialogue,
       | and when I asked him to enable the subtitles he refused and said
       | I should get my hearing checked. So I started asking him "what
       | did they say?", and to his surprise, half the time he couldn't
       | actually tell me what the actors were saying. It's a mix of
       | issues. I think that movie had horrible audio mastering and maybe
       | a lot of media does these days too.
        
       | presentation wrote:
       | This article focuses on accessibility in the USA, but living in
       | Asia, for many years pretty much every major show and YouTuber
       | across most Asian countries I've been to always has bright
       | colorful subtitles (and onomatopoeia reactions too). On one hand
       | I wonder why that became the dominant motif here far earlier than
       | in Western markets; on the other I wonder if the this prompted
       | the Western phenomenon from the article.
        
       | vivegi wrote:
       | Slightly off topic, but one thing that annoys me is most movies
       | made in the last 15 years that end up showing smartphones and
       | text messages or the actors typing on their phone and most of the
       | time the text is too small, or the camera cuts too fast and I end
       | up pausing/rewinding to check it again.
       | 
       | Very few movies actually put an overlay and show such
       | conversations using legible text. If the messages are important
       | for the plot, it would be great if the filmmakers took care of
       | this aspect.
       | 
       | This is quite bad with many streaming shows.
        
       | pookeh wrote:
       | Everyone has FOMO syndrome.
        
       | pkrotich wrote:
       | I can relate so much... I don't have any hearing loss and I'm in
       | my mid 40s, but I no longer watch anything I truly need to pay
       | attention to without captions or subtitles. In fact, I like
       | foreign films because picture and caption is enough for my brain
       | - it's like I have 2 brain channels and voice is simply a
       | distraction / noise.
       | 
       | I think partly it's because English is not my native language so
       | caption in the early days helped. I also grew up with radio (no
       | electricity / TV) - so I mostly listened and made up my own
       | pictures. That said, I don't completely tune out the voice now -
       | it's useful for tone and inflections but I depend on captions to
       | get the the compete picture.
        
         | sweetheart wrote:
         | Even though English is my native language I'll always opt for
         | subtitles for any movie or show I'm watching. It just helps to
         | not miss anything in the story or scene, and I never even
         | notice them. Reading them becomes completely subconscious.
        
           | pkrotich wrote:
           | You're right - perhaps it's normal for people who can read
           | and listen to music at the same time.
        
       | adhd1110101 wrote:
       | Anyone else watch on mute _without_ subtitles?
        
       | downrightmike wrote:
       | Quiet talking so I have to turn it up and then a whole orchestra
       | moves the fuck in and I have to scramble to lower the volume. No
       | music please. The way they are handling it ruing the immersion.
        
       | balderdash wrote:
       | My personal view on this is that it's because the soundtracks are
       | so poorly modulated for volume that either the tv is way too loud
       | when the action scenes/musical score happens and if you turn it
       | down, you can't hear when people are talking so people put their
       | tv on a normal volume and turn cc on so they can read the 15% of
       | the dialogue that is hard to track
        
       | pensatoio wrote:
       | Modern sound engineers seem to expect that I own several thousand
       | dollars of high-end sound equipment capable of reproducing the
       | full dynamic range they've sculpted. It's super annoying.
        
       | jiggawatts wrote:
       | Speaking of shameful, anti-human behaviour related to closed
       | captions, I have some pet peeves that would be _trivial_ to fix,
       | but major production companies simply refuse to implement.
       | 
       | (There are _ZERO_ excuses for all of the below. None. It 's just
       | text on a screen, displayed by dedicated apps on Smart TVs, fully
       | equipped with CPUs and GPUs! Netflix staff especially that come
       | across this thread: You should be ashamed. Shame. Shame. Shame.)
       | 
       | 1. _English subtitles != English subtitles for the hearing
       | impaired._ I don 't want "Breathes loudly" and "Bang!" over
       | action scenes. I live in a household where everyone's second
       | language is English, and if I turn the subtitles on for them, the
       | extra sound-effects subtitles drive me crazy.
       | 
       | 2. _Can 't have multiple subtitles for mixed-language
       | households._ My partner prefers subtitles in her language, but
       | then if there's a scene in an English-language movie with a short
       | foreign-language segment in it, I have to pause, switch to
       | English for the hearing impaired (see point #1), and then pause
       | and switch back when the scene is over. I should be able to
       | select _any two or even three_ subtitle languages, such as  "auto
       | english + japanese", or whatever.
       | 
       | 3. _Can 't have subtitles in some languages_. Netflix in
       | particular loves to waste $500K annual total comp on data
       | scientists who analyse their market segments to select the "top
       | 5" languages in each market region. Don't speak one of those
       | languages? Tough titties, no subtitles for you! It's not even a
       | matter of copyright or distribution rights. They do this for
       | their own productions too! They do it because some idiot at
       | Netflix thought too many options was "hard to navigate". You know
       | what's even harder? Trying to understand a movie when it doesn't
       | have subtitles matching your language!!
       | 
       | 4. _Eye-searing HDR subtitles_. Netflix again. On my Sony OLED TV
       | the subtitles use the HDR max-brightness white. They illuminate
       | my entire room and look like someone is trying to burn the text
       | into my retinas with high-powered flashlights. This cannot be
       | adjusted... for some languages. For like, no reason. English: can
       | be fixed! French: yes. Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean,
       | Romanian, Traditional Chinese, and Thai: BURN YOUR HEATHEN
       | EYEBALLS! See: https://help.netflix.com/en/node/100267
        
       | CamperBob2 wrote:
       | Because filmmakers don't know how to handle dialogue in
       | multichannel mixes anymore.
        
       | jarym wrote:
       | Yea not 20-something but a couple of decades older... also prefer
       | subtitles.
       | 
       | As others have said, sometimes actors mumble stuff, dialogue is
       | hard to hear and explosions and other side noises end up too
       | loud.
       | 
       | Shame but someone thought this was a good idea...
        
       | quantified wrote:
       | From the article: Because it's harder for them to concentrate.
       | 
       | Plays to some stereotypes at least.
        
         | Twirrim wrote:
         | This article feels like the next generation of "Millennials are
         | ruining...." much like "Gen Y is ruining..." etc. articles that
         | came before those.
        
           | zach_garwood wrote:
           | Millennials are Gen Y. Gen Z are the ones just now becoming
           | adults. I think you meant Gen X. And yes, Boomers just love
           | to complain about every subsequent generation. I, for one,
           | will not miss them when they're gone.
        
             | Twirrim wrote:
             | It's not just boomers complaining, if you look at the ages
             | of the journalists behind the articles, you'll generally
             | find it's younger journalists, approaching 30s, maybe 40s,
             | effectively taking the crap they got and passing it down
             | the line.
             | 
             | In this article's case, a quick google search shows the
             | journalist is in their mid 20s.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | The caption used has a bit of FOMO(fear of missing out)
       | psychology involved because sometimes the actors mumble a bit or
       | talk a little too fast during action scenes
        
       | joshstrange wrote:
       | 31 but yeah, I've had subs on for almost a decade now? Maybe only
       | 6-7 years?
       | 
       | For me I find I miss things without the subs on.
       | Whispered/background dialog that I'm unsure how anyone is
       | supposed to hear/understand being top of list but also sound
       | mixing seems to be terrible by default and it's hard to
       | hear/understand characters even in a quiet room sometimes. I read
       | quickly so subs have never been an issue to me, I can scan and
       | parse the subs and be looking back at the video in no time at
       | all.
       | 
       | For foreign content (like Anime) I use dubs + subs (the subs are
       | of the initial English translation before the dubs were done)
       | because it gives 2 passes at any given line. I find it very
       | interesting to see how they change things between the two and it
       | sometimes paints a fuller picture.
        
         | hansbo wrote:
         | That's interesting - I have subtitles on at all times (I am
         | Swedish, we never dub adult content so I have used subtitles
         | for a very long time), but when I do watch children's movies
         | with my kids, they are dubbed, and then I find having subtitles
         | on is extremely annoying.
         | 
         | I cannot stand having subtitles in the same language as the
         | dialogue, but which differs in phrasing/content. It is very
         | distracting to me.
        
           | jastuk wrote:
           | I've moved to Germany a couple of years ago and this is a
           | HUGE issue for me. I try to improve my German by watching
           | German shows/movies in their native language. All German
           | audio vs subtitles differ, constantly, and not in a minor
           | way. It's practically never been an issue with English for
           | the past two decades.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | It happens in English a little, but usually only in a
             | really tiny differences. So it ends up being more like a
             | funny easter-egg.
        
         | yamtaddle wrote:
         | > For me I find I miss things without the subs on.
         | Whispered/background dialog that I'm unsure how anyone is
         | supposed to hear/understand being top of list but also sound
         | mixing seems to be terrible by default and it's hard to
         | hear/understand characters even in a quiet room sometimes.
         | 
         | So many video sources coming with only surround mixes, or lazy
         | stereo mixes that were made automatically from surround mixes,
         | while _very few_ homes have a surround system _at all_ , and
         | even fewer have one that's at least decently-calibrated, has
         | been absolute hell for being able to tell WTF anyone's saying
         | in movies. I suspect many VHS releases had better audio _for
         | most people 's actual system_ even today, than the blu-ray of
         | the same movie does.
        
         | Filligree wrote:
         | > For foreign content (like Anime) I use dubs + subs (the subs
         | are of the initial English translation before the dubs were
         | done) because it gives 2 passes at any given line. I find it
         | very interesting to see how they change things between the two
         | and it sometimes paints a fuller picture.
         | 
         | Anime is an interesting case, because -- remember, a lot of
         | these threads are about poor enunciation and mixing? -- anime
         | tends to be _really well_ enunciated, and the characters speak
         | like they 're on stage. It's easy to follow along. I keep subs
         | on, because I don't understand literally everything, but
         | usually I don't read them.
         | 
         | Surprise surprise, this doesn't reduce my immersion at all.
        
           | presentation wrote:
           | Also if you speak some Japanese and listen to the Japanese
           | audio while reading the subs it makes for some interesting
           | food for thought, often the translations aren't exactly what
           | the characters are actually saying so you get a feel for how
           | the languages and cultures differ.
        
         | Tao3300 wrote:
         | Beginning to push 40 and I remember when this was observed
         | about us. My spouse and I have been doing this for about 10
         | yrs.
        
       | rendaw wrote:
       | Here's another speculation: A lot of movies, etc are mastered for
       | surround sound and the single downmix is pretty terrible. It's
       | actually quite a rabbit hole in the ffmpeg forums. But basically
       | the non-front channels end up contributing too much volume and
       | end up drowning out spoken voice a lot of the time.
       | 
       | I know this happens on BD, but I wouldn't be surprised if Netflix
       | + co are using the same source, and 20-somethings probably don't
       | have large places with surround sound systems.
        
       | badrabbit wrote:
       | Not in that age group but I can't imagine not having cc on. I was
       | hooked when watching anime and foreign movies but even with
       | english movies they only have an upside. You don't have to guess
       | what word they said or how someone's name is spelled. Loud scenes
       | where you can barely hear them is one but also when you have
       | characters that have accents or switch to a different language it
       | helps (you don't get distracted by the sudden need to read cc).
       | 
       | You have to get used to it but it only takes a few tries.
        
         | seniorsassycat wrote:
         | Subtitles can hurt jokes by spoiling the punchline without the
         | actors timing or delivery.
         | 
         | I wonder if delaying joke/punchline subtitles till after the
         | spoken line is complete would improve this
        
           | badrabbit wrote:
           | I usually only laugh earlier as a result of this. But now
           | that you bring it up they can spoil things a few seconds too
           | early as well.
        
           | joshstrange wrote:
           | I've thought about this many times as well as it does suck to
           | have it spoiled, especially if there is a long pause in the
           | scene but the subs have been up revealing the joke/jump-
           | scare/etc for a few seconds already. In the end I enjoy subs
           | too much to turn them off for that reason but every time it
           | happens I do wish the "reveal" in the subs was held until the
           | reveal in the scene.
        
             | lanstin wrote:
             | Yeah I end up laughing too early. If I know it is going to
             | be funny, I will move my eyes up to the faces.
        
         | Zircom wrote:
         | One downside of having captions on all the time is that forced
         | subtitles when characters are speaking a foreign language in an
         | otherwise native language show are usually burned into the
         | actual video stream instead of being in the same text file that
         | the normal subtitles pull from, so a lot of lazy captions
         | providers will put something like "<Walter speaking Spanish>"
         | in the captions, which will then be displayed over the same
         | space the burned in subtitles are for the entirety of the time
         | they are speaking, meaning I have to rewind, turn off
         | subtitles, rewatch the scene, then re enable the subtitles if I
         | want to actual know what is going on.
        
         | thatsamonad wrote:
         | I'm also not in that age group (I'm late 30s) but I've been
         | watching TV and movies with closed captioning enabled since I
         | was a kid and have found that it helps my comprehension of
         | what's going on with plot lines, etc, immensely. Maybe I'm just
         | a stronger reader than listener, but I'm at the point where I
         | vastly prefer to watch movies at home rather than at a theater
         | because I can have CC on by default.
         | 
         | I've also always had CC on for my kid and they're an excellent
         | reader. I don't have any concrete evidence for it but part of
         | me thinks their strong reading skills are partly due to that.
        
       | gareth_untether wrote:
       | My wife loves having subtitles on for all the reasons listed in
       | the article. I, on the other hand, prefer to just listen. I've
       | found since watching with subtitles my ability to lip read and
       | understand tricky accents has no dived.
        
       | JTbane wrote:
       | A lot of movies have awful mastering and action scenes are ear-
       | splittingly loud, while dialogue is quiet.
        
       | tomatotomato37 wrote:
       | Not mentioned: The increase in poor audio mixing that sounds like
       | it was done by a monkey in addition to the prevalence of devices
       | with speakers crammed in odd directions inside of enclosures that
       | are in no way, shape, or form big enough to contain them. If
       | there was one advantage of the days of big tube TVs it was you
       | had plenty of space to also fit big speakers in too
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | Even on my nice 2.1 setup on my PC, I always put captions on.
         | 
         | It's because re-reading a word I didn't understand is much
         | faster and easier than re-hearing (in my head) a word I didn't
         | understand.
         | 
         | It's even happened with my spouse, in the same room, speaking
         | the same dialect of American English as me, with the same
         | accent. I mis-hear one word, and it bleeds into the next word,
         | and I need to think for a few seconds or ask them to repeat
         | before the sentence makes any sense to me.
         | 
         | Perhaps us, and the TV actors, just don't enunciate like we
         | used to?
        
           | a_e_k wrote:
           | I think mishearing a word causes an effect that feels
           | something like a mental mispredict leading to a pipeline
           | flush. There's definitely a delay to refill that pipeline.
        
             | ktkoffroth wrote:
             | This is the best way I've ever heard it described
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | In addition, I've read that young people are going deaf due to
         | ear buds.
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Tbf, that's been the case for a hundred years since
           | headphones were invented. I doubt it's changed much.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | I suppose that's true. But at least most people took their
             | headphones off when they weren't at home, which somewhat
             | limited their exposure time. Today, when I'm outdoors, it
             | seems like a large fraction of people are wearing earbuds.
             | For instance when I'm riding on the bike path, I have to be
             | alert to the fact that nearly everybody out there who's
             | walking or jogging won't hear my signal from behind as I
             | pass them, because they're all wearing earbuds.
        
       | knaik94 wrote:
       | Another reason that I can think of is that many people are
       | watching content at a increased playback rate. I personally limit
       | that to education content because for things like comedy it can
       | mess with pacing. But I have friends that have used it while
       | watching really long shows. It doesn't have to be much faster but
       | if you think about a 10 hour series, that is approximately an
       | hour saved. I recognize that this seems odd, but I have tried it
       | on some shows and it honestly makes them more enjoyable. It's not
       | universal to every show or to every person.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | I do that too - 1.5x seems to be the minimum I'll start with,
         | and sometimes I'll go as high as 2.5x. Having subs definitely
         | helps at the upper end of the range.
         | 
         | On the other hand, the downside is that when you interact with
         | people in realtime, you constantly feel like they're speaking
         | too slowly, and others have trouble understanding what feels
         | like a normal speed of talking for you.
        
         | smeej wrote:
         | I watch everything on 1.4x, but I would watch it faster if it
         | wouldn't run into buffering issues and get glitchy. Podcasts
         | are normally 2.2x.
         | 
         | I just find I enjoy taking the information in more when I can
         | do it quickly. If my brain has no trouble operating at that
         | speed, I might as well take advantage of the chance to get more
         | new ideas in my head!
        
         | Viliam1234 wrote:
         | Same here. Many movies are nice but slow; watching at 1.5x
         | speed makes it a better experience. But then it becomes
         | difficult to understand some dialogs, so I turn CC on.
        
       | glandium wrote:
       | Tangentially: Youtube really likes to turn CC on randomly on its
       | own, even when it's explicitly disabled. Both in the mobile app
       | and the website.
        
         | NobodyNada wrote:
         | Is it possible that you're hitting a keyboard shortcut by
         | accident? IIRC YouTube turns on captions if you ever press the
         | "c" key, which I definitely do by accident once in a while.
        
         | epakai wrote:
         | I have the opposite. Youtube captions never stay on despite my
         | account preferences and being logged in.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ENGNR wrote:
         | This, it's a minor frustration but everything seems to be going
         | cc by default, which would bump the usage numbers. I wonder if
         | it's because there's a measurable engagement increase rather
         | than just user preference? As someone who doesn't want them I
         | have to keep actively turning them off everywhere
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | I was looking for this comment. In the last couple of months
         | every 3rd or so video seems to have CC switched on for no
         | reason.
        
           | glandium wrote:
           | It's often even worse than that, with CC going back on during
           | and/or after mid-roll ads.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | I'm the kind of person who concentrates when I watch TV -- if I
       | can't give it my full attention I don't watch. I'm 45 BTW.
       | 
       | I used to hate subtitles -- found them super distracting. Then I
       | met my wife, whose family always watched with them on. In part
       | because English is their second language, and as I learned later,
       | in part because some of the relatives are very loud and talk over
       | everything.
       | 
       | Now I can't watch without them. Maybe between getting used to
       | them and having kids and the crappy mixes with the dialogue too
       | quiet, I need them now. I feel like I'm missing something without
       | them.
        
       | Ataraxic wrote:
       | Audio mixing has been absolutely terrible in so many productions
       | that I started using subtitles a few years back and then I got
       | used to them.
       | 
       | If I want to really focus on the movie I usually turn the
       | subtitles off because sometimes the subtitles are ahead of the
       | scene a bit and then it spoils some key moments slightly.
       | HOWEVER, when I fail to understand a word and the subtitles are
       | off I rewind, turn them back on, and just leave them that way. If
       | audio mixing was consistent and good I would leave them off.
        
       | hsjshdjsksj wrote:
        
       | smeej wrote:
       | The article mentions but doesn't get into the "audio description"
       | option too. If you haven't ever tried this, it takes a little
       | getting used to, but once you do, it makes multitasking _much_
       | easier. I strongly recommend giving it a try.
       | 
       | During the gaps in speech, a narrator comes on and describes the
       | most important things happening on the screen.
       | 
       | I had a gig for awhile actually writing the descriptions for this
       | content, and it's really interesting work!
       | 
       | I love that we're discovering that features invented for
       | "accessibility" are appreciated by many people who would not
       | otherwise have identified an accessibility need. I can't help but
       | wonder if it means people who were only dealing with mild
       | impairments are now receiving assistance they didn't know they
       | would benefit from. How many people do you think can pass a
       | hearing test in a silent room lab setting, but have a hard time
       | in our noisy world?
        
         | silisili wrote:
         | I watched Super 8, on I think Amazon, when it came out. I
         | thought it was about the weirdest movie I'd ever seen, a
         | narrated in real time action movie.
         | 
         | Come to find out, for whatever reason, it had audio description
         | turned on by default.
         | 
         | As someone who can see and hear fine, I found it rather
         | odd(before learning what it was). But for a vision impaired
         | person, such a thing must be a game changer.
        
           | plushpuffin wrote:
           | I had the opposite experience watching a vampire film called
           | 30 Days of Night! For whatever reason my DVD player didn't
           | show any subtitles, even the translation from the Aramaic
           | spoken by the vampires. So, I got to watch a bunch of undead
           | growl unintelligibly at each other throughout the movie. It
           | actually improved the experience because not knowing what
           | they were saying made it so much creeper!
        
             | rdlw wrote:
             | Related: Joel Haver - "When a character speaks a different
             | language but doesn't get subtitles"
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/xK3IYMRZ4EA
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | I was without my glasses and contacts for a day and I tried
         | this out. It helped a lot, and was actually a nice experience.
         | It wasn't miserable like I assumed it would be.
         | 
         | Wound up turning it off when I could see clearly, though. It
         | felt strange to hear about what was happening in a scene just
         | as I watched it happen.
         | 
         | Definitely could see it being useful while multitasking,
         | though. I want to try that out at some point.
        
         | xattt wrote:
         | > I love that we're discovering that features invented for
         | "accessibility" are appreciated by many people ...
         | 
         | These are called curb cuts, which were intended to help people
         | who use wheelchairs, but we're quickly appreciated by moms with
         | strollers.
         | 
         | (1) https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/curb-cuts/
        
       | zach_garwood wrote:
       | I like having CCs on for movies because the dialog is always so
       | quiet compared to the music and sound effects. I can keep it at a
       | reasonable volume and still catch what the characters are saying.
       | 
       | Also, if I'm watching British shows, I like CCs because I'm
       | really bad at accents.
       | 
       | Edit: I'm coming up on 40 now, so I guess I'm not the people this
       | article is complaining about.
        
         | Somatochlora wrote:
         | I don't understand how the people making movies/TV still
         | haven't figured this out. Do they all just have home theaters
         | and never try to watch something on a phone with crappy audio
         | or when somebody is sleeping in the house?
        
           | boltzmann-brain wrote:
           | Do you think those people actually _watch_ the stuff they
           | make? If they did, half of it would never get released, and
           | the next 49% would be way better than it is right now.
           | 
           | An example of this being the case (that movie creators don't
           | watch their stuff) is that most of the Star Trek TNG actors
           | freely admit they've never watched most of their episodes.
        
       | dnndev wrote:
       | I have it on all the time due to the volume range going from soft
       | to insanely loud to soft and it's annoying... when the kids are
       | sleeping this is also a show stopper
        
       | gloryjulio wrote:
       | Because why not? It's far more often than not that for whatever
       | reasons the dialog sounds are just terrible. They don't care
       | about the audience hearing the dialog(see Tenet). A show which
       | guarantees that you can hear every line clearly is the outlier
       | now.
       | 
       | Might as well just set cc on to default
        
       | shadowofneptune wrote:
       | It lets me and my friends talk over the movie without missing
       | much. Do other people not do that?
       | 
       | EDIT: Come to think of it, makes DVD commentaries much more
       | useful as well.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/b25ea
        
       | TT-392 wrote:
       | Anyone else here super annoyed by the closed captions rendering
       | on netflix. They basically don't have a usable font / color
       | choice, and the captions are randomly ahead or behind the audio
       | all the time. I have a netflix account, but I just don't bother
       | watching foreign subtitled content on it anymore.
       | 
       | Of course my solution is pirating content I already pay for.
        
       | bsder wrote:
       | Isn't this just because dumbass video sites are making it bloody
       | impossible to scrub the video to a specific time point in order
       | to increase "engagement"?
       | 
       | If the audio is recorded on a potato (aka: standard Hollywood
       | audio editing nowadays) and you can't move backward to try again,
       | you need subtitles to not lose context.
        
       | Twirrim wrote:
       | We started putting captions on when our first kid was born, so we
       | could still watch TV but have the volume down nice and low and
       | not disturb her sleep.
       | 
       | It made a radical difference. We now tend to just have them on
       | all the time. It's really mostly more modern movies and TV that
       | we get value from it on, the audio mix is becoming such a mess
       | with dialogue sinking in to the mix, that it's taking so much
       | more effort to watch & listen. Put something on from 20ish years
       | ago and the mix is totally different. That's despite having a
       | sound system with a multiple speakers.
        
         | julianlam wrote:
         | One wonders what the judging criteria are for sound mixing at
         | the Academy Awards, since it certainly seems like "legible
         | speech" isn't one of them.
        
           | nick__m wrote:
           | Most production are not made with the passable quality of
           | reproduction that a sound bar provides in mind.
           | 
           | Mix are made for a THX compliant setup where the center
           | speaker is responsible for over 50% of the dialog delivery.
           | If you skimp on the center speaker quality and placement, the
           | dialog mix gets muddy quite quickly.
        
             | Jolter wrote:
             | Not to mention that they are mixed for reference volume. If
             | people weren't concerned about neighbors, sleeping babies
             | or protecting their hearing, I'm sure they would just crank
             | it up and not miss any dialog. Of course, that's just not
             | possible (or enjoyable on most equipment).
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | I go to the local movie house a fair bit, and while it may
             | not be THX certified or compliant, it's certainly not too
             | bad. Some movies include speech that's easy to understand
             | and others are kind of hard to hear.
             | 
             | Certainly, modern very thin TVs have a very uphill battle
             | to fight, but a good center doesn't fix everything.
        
       | zrail wrote:
       | In our house captions went on the same day our first baby came
       | home from the hospital and haven't been turned off since.
       | Captions let parents of small children enjoy entertainment
       | without bothering kids who may be sensitive to noise.
        
       | schwartzworld wrote:
       | I'm 40. When I was 9 I made friends with a girl who was a CODA, a
       | child of deaf adults. Her parents' TV was the first time I
       | learned captions existed and I was immediately hooked.
       | 
       | Back then you couldn't rewind if you didn't understand and
       | important piece of dialogue, and being able to read while you
       | watch absolutely helped with not missing those moments. My
       | parents didn't like my shows too loud, so captions just made them
       | better.
       | 
       | I got in the habit of turning on CC all the time, except live
       | shows which were usually not worth the effort.
       | 
       | 30 years later I still love captions. When my children are
       | sleeping in the next room, I can keep the volume low.
       | 
       | The only downside is that sometimes captions ruin the jokes.
        
       | raydiatian wrote:
       | The irony of having the word "accessibility" in your article
       | headline
       | 
       | Followed by a stout paywall.
        
       | legrande wrote:
       | I religiously have CCs turned on for everything I watch. Open
       | Subtitles[0] is my daily staple. I sometimes miss little
       | phrases/words in a movie, and if I miss them, the whole plot
       | could be ruined for me and I wouldn't know what was going on. I
       | pay attention to every word.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.opensubtitles.org/en/search/subs
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | I recently graduated to the next step beyond closed captions:
       | I've started enabling audio descriptions for TV shows too.
       | 
       | It's SO interesting.
       | 
       | They are generally really well put together. And they often
       | highlight things that I would have missed - mentioning the name
       | of a character who joins a scene who I don't instantly recognize,
       | for example.
       | 
       | Even more fun: audio descriptions of the title sequences for a TV
       | show. Three that I particularly enjoyed were Severance, Moon
       | Night and Star Trek: Picard - in all three cases the titles are
       | rich with visual metaphors relating to the show, which the audio
       | description then carefully spells out for you!
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | This is something I might do with a movie I love and could act
         | in, actually I used to do it with DVD's that offered it.
         | 
         | But as a 'go to', that's like reading the comments before the
         | article.
         | 
         | Edit: Not exactly the same : I was referring to "Directors
         | commentary" audio tracks.
         | 
         | Edit 2: I'm a bit worried you need the environment and
         | expressions explained to you...
        
         | uno123 wrote:
         | I find Amazon X-Ray similarily userful. It displays the current
         | actors on screen, their screen names, and the current song
         | playing in the background of any scene. As far as I know, no
         | other streaming service has this feature.
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | No other conglomerate owns IMDB either which is a huge
           | treasure trove of data about all those things they display
           | with X-Ray.
        
         | zachthewf wrote:
         | I've never heard of this. Is it something offered by all the
         | big streaming services?
        
           | jes5199 wrote:
           | yes
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | It's intended for people with vision problems. My grandma
           | uses it.
           | 
           | "John enters the room, looking furious. He's holding some
           | money. Simon stares at David."
           | 
           | So at least in Britain, it's available on normal, broadcast
           | TV.
        
       | adwi wrote:
       | Tangential: I've found subtitles to be a very useful tool for
       | learning a language. In order of challenge, I'll at least watch
       | everything in English with Spanish subtitles, then Spanish SAP
       | with English subtitles, then Spanish SAP with Spanish subtitles,
       | then just in Spanish.
        
         | hnick wrote:
         | Or Baltimore slang, like when I tried to watch The Wire back in
         | the day.
         | 
         | It was actually the show that I first turned on subs for and I
         | usually keep them on now out of habit. I found the thick local
         | accents hard to understand which is rare for me, and I didn't
         | know if words were just slang or I'd misheard. Throw in a bunch
         | of unique names to the mix too (I can rarely remember someone's
         | name anyway after an introduction until I read it) as well as a
         | few mumbley characters. Great show but I needed help.
        
         | russellbeattie wrote:
         | I discovered something amusing about this. When I was living in
         | Spain 20 years ago, my Spanish (ex-) wife and I bought a DVD
         | collection of Friends. At first we'd watch it in English with
         | Spanish captions so my ex could get the subtleties, then as her
         | English improved, we'd watch it with English captions which
         | helped with words she was unfamiliar with. Then we started
         | doing the reverse, Spanish overdub with English captions so I
         | could practice.
         | 
         | But when it came time for me to try Spanish overdub with
         | Spanish captions, it turned out that the scripts had obviously
         | been translated by two different companies, and what was said
         | could be _wildly different_ from what was written. Hysterically
         | bad differences - to the point of completely changing the
         | sentiment of something that was said. Mostly it was with
         | insults or expressions, which could have various ways of
         | translating, but sometimes they changed entire plot points,
         | especially when a character 's relationship with another was
         | ambiguous. An aunt could be just a friend, or a sister-in-law
         | could be a co-worker. It was so confusing, after a little while
         | I just turned off the captions completely. Since I had seen all
         | the shows at least once, it wasn't a problem.
         | 
         | A fun thing to do on Disney Plus is change between the various
         | Spanish regions to see how they overdub characters. I did this
         | for Guardians of the Galaxy and it's fantastic how Rocket would
         | go from being a Mexicano gangster to a Spanish thug.
        
           | jdofaz wrote:
           | I see that a lot on Netflix, I like to watch with the
           | captions on but not for the foreign stuff with English
           | dubbing. Squid Games is one that comes to mind where I'd have
           | to turn the captions off because the mismatch between the
           | english audio and captions was too distracting for me.
        
         | aix1 wrote:
         | Language Reactor is an absolutely incredible tool along these
         | lines: https://www.languagereactor.com/
         | 
         | I've been using it with Netflix and YouTube to study a couple
         | of languages, with really good results.
         | 
         | The gist is that it adds dual-language subtitles,
         | translation/dictionary tools, precise subtitle-based playback
         | controls etc to the player UI.
         | 
         | It can also colour-code every word based on its frequency in
         | the language and on whether I already know it or am actively
         | trying to learn it. This makes it very easy to identify common
         | words I don't yet know and make them the focus of my vocab
         | learning.
         | 
         | The main shortcomings (for me) are:                 1. Word
         | translations are sometimes weird (but then I can get to a real
         | dictionary with two clicks).       2. It does not understand
         | grammar (e.g. separable prefixes in German).       3. Different
         | forms of the same word are sometimes treated as unrelated words
         | for the purposes of colour-coding (e.g. the infinitive and
         | Prateritum for some verbs).       4. Word frequency
         | highlighting (e.g. highlight the 1500 most common words) is
         | configured globally rather than per-language.       5.
         | TurtleTube sounds cool but I find the contents a bit meh and
         | the levelling inconsistent.  I have found a couple of great
         | YouTube channels through it though.       6. Local file
         | playback requires an SRT file and can only play the default
         | audio track.  The former is no biggie but the latter completely
         | breaks the feature for me (since the default audio track is
         | usually English and not the language I'm learning).       7.
         | Plex integration would make it even more useful.
         | 
         | But overall, what an amazing tool.
        
       | joshka wrote:
       | Words per minute spoken - 120-150
       | 
       | Words per minute read - 220-350
       | 
       | When doing some other task side by side with consuming a movie
       | with captions, the combination of reading and hearing allow a
       | better comprehension than just one or the other. E.g. side tasks
       | like reading twitter, playing a game, sending a text message.
       | When captions replace the aural mode, this allows enough time to
       | interleave attention (e.g. watching a movie while browsing TikTok
       | on mute).
        
       | kayodelycaon wrote:
       | I always have them on because I have audio processing issues. Due
       | to ADHD and other problems, my brain can't process in real time.
       | If I have difficulty understanding something, my brain stops
       | hearing while I attempt to figure out what was said. My auditory
       | memory has no buffering ability.
       | 
       | If I'm reading, I'm both able to understand faster and reread if
       | I need to.
        
         | viburnum wrote:
         | Same here. I'm also less like to reach for my phone if I have
         | something to read on screen.
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | One more vote for terrible audio mixes and one for actors who
       | mumble their dialog.
       | 
       | Whenever I watch movies with my wife, we constantly have to
       | fiddle with the remote control. The loud parts (including
       | explosions and music) are too loud for her, so we have to turn
       | the volume down during those parts, but the dialog is too quiet
       | and mumbly for me to hear, so we turn the volume up during those
       | parts. We now just keep the volume low and turn on subtitles--
       | easy but shitty solution.
       | 
       | Sound engineers need to stop needlessly flexing all that dynamic
       | range that modern tools give them, and just produce a watchable
       | movie. Actors need to go do some stage acting and learn how to e
       | n u n c i a t e and project their voices.
        
         | ISO-morphism wrote:
         | Dynamic range compression is called different things on
         | different platforms, "midnight mode", "reduce loud sounds", on
         | Windows it's "loudness equalization".
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | I love how you wrote "enunciate". :-)
        
         | deltasevennine wrote:
         | >Actors need to go do some stage acting and learn how to e n u
         | n c i a t e and project their voices.
         | 
         | Hard disagree. I want realism. The sophistication of modern
         | audiences is now so high that the level of enunciation and
         | clarity in older movies now sounds comical to modern audiences.
         | Believe it or not this old style speak you see in Older movies
         | was Literally artificial and made for acting:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gpv_IkO_ZBU
         | 
         | Modern Audiences want realism. They want a certain level of
         | believably that matches with reality. And a dialect
         | artificially designed for "clarity" on radio just doesn't work.
         | 
         | Clarity takes a hit in the name of realism... but who cares? I
         | have closed captions for that. Literally I don't see what's
         | wrong with it.
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | _The sophistication of modern audiences is now so high that
           | the level of enunciation and clarity in older movies now
           | sounds comical to modern audiences._
           | 
           | My mind immediately went to that scene in idiocracy - "You
           | talk like a fag, and your shit's all retarded"
        
             | deltasevennine wrote:
             | That wasn't the intention. Watch the video. If anything old
             | style talking in movies sounds _less_ intelligent and
             | artificial.
        
               | LAC-Tech wrote:
               | It's pretty clear to me that modern mumbling smarmy
               | sarcasm is the low culture, and the Shakespearian trained
               | actors of the past are high culture.
               | 
               | It's just like with fashion. We may pretend that hoodies
               | and patagonia vests are just as respectable as a 20th
               | century suit, but if we see two photos side by side we
               | deep down know who is better dressed.
        
               | deltasevennine wrote:
               | Not that far past. Did you even watch the video? I'm
               | talking about the Mid-Atlantic accent not Shakespeare.
        
         | neltnerb wrote:
         | I feel the same way, it's strangely mixed. You look at movies
         | that are 30 years old and the music is very quiet or in
         | different bands than speech, very carefully done. You can still
         | hear speech in Jurassic Park or The Matrix. A Marvel Movie?
         | Good luck...
         | 
         | Maybe it's a lost art. I have found that turning off subtitles
         | and forcing myself to get used to their accents does improve my
         | listening comprehension, but it's a much easier choice when you
         | can't otherwise understand it just due to mixing.
         | 
         | I don't know that it helps me focus, if anything I have to
         | focus harder when they're talking so I can hope that their lips
         | will be enough to figure it out. But it does mean that if I'm
         | watching something in a place with roomates I can use a much
         | lower volume and figure out what is going on by combining the
         | text with the low SNR audio I hear.
         | 
         | Listening at a low volume should mean better overall hearing
         | over time too right? My default volume went from like -20dB to
         | -45dB on the same system over the last decade, I think either
         | I'm being polite to roomates or just more careful with my
         | hearing.
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | who needs dialogs in a Marvel movie anyway? Isn'tthe whole
           | point to watch people fight in pyjamas?
        
         | ProjectArcturis wrote:
         | EXPLOSIONS and _whispers_
        
         | rokweom wrote:
         | AFAIK, there's only one audio mix done with theaters in mind,
         | and studios don't do separate mixes for home viewing. It's down
         | to the distributor do make sure that the average home viewer
         | gets a good experience. That's why it boggles my mind that big
         | players like Netflix don't have any dynamic range compression
         | and surround downmixing options in their settings. Also the way
         | most TVs handle surround downmixing is straight up broken. I
         | watch my movies from mkv files on a PC, so for me it's not a
         | problem because there's tons of options available for that in
         | players like mpv, VLC and MPC-HC, but I do feel bad for your
         | average person that has no business knowing about this stuff.
         | They should just have a simple DRC setting available with maybe
         | 3 levels and a clear explanation of what it does.
        
         | Klonoar wrote:
         | There's an article that's been floating around that notes this
         | phenomenon started after Nolan's movies became the style to
         | emulate, and there are various sound engineers who state they
         | would _like to do what you want_ but they have to produce what
         | the paying entity asks for. Someone should feel free to link it
         | here - I 'm mobile at the moment so can't dig it up.
         | 
         | But anyway, I just wanted to jump in and say... all the time on
         | this site we see programmers complaining about management/etc
         | forcing things to happen that you don't want happening. Sound
         | engineers may be in a similar boat here. ;P
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | Wait it isn't because 5.1 became the norm for recording
           | movies bust most people have a 2.0 or a 2.1 setup at most? I
           | thought that was the conventional wisedom.
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | Yes that was going to be my suggestion. I rarely have this
             | issue with my own (5.1) system, which I also use a lot
             | more, but often struggle on others' (TV speakers, or
             | external but <5.1).
        
             | whatevertrevor wrote:
             | I don't think that's true. In fact movie producers are
             | notorious for "phoning in" the 5.1 mixes for the streaming
             | platforms, focusing most of their energy on the theatre mix
             | with Dolby atmos and what not. Usually the 5.1 mix you get
             | on netflix is hurriedly put together as an afterthought.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | That's basically the same point though - it's not that
               | special attention is given to specifically 5.1, it's that
               | a) more separate speakers helps in itself; b) it's
               | primarily mixed for such a multi-separate-speaker system.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | I have a 5.0 system, and the dynamic range mumble voice +
               | super loud explosion is still very present, even when I
               | artificially boost the center channel. I think voices are
               | actually better on a typical tv speaker 2.0 setup.
        
               | zepearl wrote:
               | I agree.
               | 
               | In my case I had a huge problem with eg. the music in
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knives_Out being a lot
               | louder then the rest (source blue ray).
               | 
               | The only fix I found was to rip all tracks, apply
               | normalization + compression filters to the audio tracks
               | in Audacity, finally to repackage everything as MKV.
        
               | jakzurr wrote:
               | I'd buy more videos if they'd hire you to make alternate
               | audio tracks.
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | That would be plausible except I miss much of the dialog
               | in theaters, too.
               | 
               | I am not a 20-something, but I always turn on subtitles.
               | I never could make out most of song lyrics, either, with
               | some exceptions. Most usually, only the chorus.
        
             | whywhywhywhy wrote:
             | It's honestly ridiculous how bad the stereo (aka what 99%
             | of viewers will experience) mixes are.
             | 
             | The explosions can be heard by my neighbors yet I can
             | barely hear the dialogue at the same volume.
             | 
             | Find myself basically doing half the mix work myself with
             | the volume control. Too many audiophiles in the production
             | chain focusing on something that barely matters at the
             | expense of most viewers.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | What is your setup like? I feel like your comment better
               | describes a problem with subwoofers. I've had plenty of
               | enjoyment from bass throughout my life, but I still don't
               | see the need for a sub anywhere near watching TV or
               | movies. Never mind the related issue of highly-resonant
               | perfunctory ones bundled with cheap consumer gear.
               | 
               | Just the other day I was helping a relative who had
               | gotten a soundbar because her TV's speakers broke. She
               | was complaining the sound carried too far to other rooms.
               | I found the equalizer settings and turned down "woofer"
               | which seemed to help, but then I read the manual that it
               | only applied to an external subwoofer so I was left
               | wondering if it was the placebo effect. Turns out there
               | was a wireless subwoofer placed some distance away. I
               | showed her the equalizer settings if she wanted to turn
               | it down even more, and told her she could also just
               | unplug the subwoofer if she wanted. To her, the inclusion
               | of that box was actually an anti-feature.
               | 
               | And for other frequencies, I'd say middle-cost "prosumer"
               | gear generally exacerbates dynamic range problems, being
               | decent at low levels but distorted at higher levels. My
               | Thinkpad speakers sound like crap all the time, and my
               | receiver+speaker setup handles higher volumes without
               | sounding louder due to distortion.
        
               | leeter wrote:
               | Theory: Because distribution companies for movies made
               | having DTS/Dolby Atmos/Whatever mandatory in the theater,
               | sound engineers primarily focus on that because that
               | takes 99% of the time. Because theaters with just optical
               | stereo (yes I'm aware most theaters use digital
               | distribution and projectors now, that just hammers home
               | the point) aren't really a thing any more they don't
               | really bother optimizing it because "nobody will hear
               | that anyway". Then when the film goes to home
               | distribution the distribution company takes the automatic
               | downmix that is the existing stereo track for the optical
               | stereo on a print and use that because they don't want to
               | second guess the sound engineers or the director.
               | 
               | Long theory short: it's the same reason the Beatles mono
               | album versions sound a ton better than the stereo
               | versions, because that was the optimized version because
               | that's what people listened too at the time. Sound
               | engineers aren't being paid to optimize the stereo or
               | even 5.1 versions of the audio, only the theater version
               | in whatever multi-channel standard is popular at the
               | moment, so they don't bother they let the standard
               | downmix stand.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Yeah but this is 2022 are there even movie theaters
               | anymore? The box office sales are deep in the red and
               | many theaters are going bankrupt. Most of What I watch
               | are tv shows
        
               | klabb3 wrote:
               | > Yeah but this is 2022 are there even movie theaters
               | anymore?
               | 
               | My uninformed and probably stupid thoughts:
               | 
               | Hollywood was doing some amazing movies in the 90ish
               | (think Seven, The Matrix, Requiem for a Dream etc). It
               | was a mix of new and established players that were
               | allowed to innovate and be creative. Then Hollywood
               | became more risk averse, I assume because sales were
               | unpredictable and production companies wanted guarantees
               | similar to other industries' large investments. So they
               | started recycling ideas, produce sequels and trading IP
               | rights for dudes in specifically colored spandex suits,
               | which came with a guaranteed fanbase that would watch
               | anything with the brand. This eventually became the MCU-
               | type of crap where everything is a 4th wall joke packed
               | with references to current events, leading to a shelf
               | life less than a year and plots became an afterthought.
               | The sales mindset went as far as putting stuff in the
               | movie for the sake of producing a compelling trailer. At
               | the same time TV was taking the Hollywood's lunch money,
               | but for some reason they doubled down on the approach and
               | blamed streaming for their failures.
               | 
               | The issue isn't the format though, or that everyone has
               | Netflix on their microwave display now. There are still
               | great movies today, and if you get a chance to watch one
               | in a good theatre it's a mesmerizing experience. Me and
               | my partner watched The Joker, 1917 and Dune in Alamo
               | Drafthouse (a theater that has zero-tolerance to
               | texting/talking and serves food & drinks). It's an
               | experience that trumps even great TV shows, when done
               | right. It's just sad that it's so rare.
        
               | Philip-J-Fry wrote:
               | People have been saying cinema is dying since Netflix
               | took off. It's not true and still isn't true. Movies
               | continue to set box office records.
               | 
               | Covid caused a lot of smaller cinemas and chains high in
               | debt to shut. But a lot of them are still going.
               | 
               | Cinemas are pivoting more to the luxury experience rather
               | than just being the place you watch new movies. So they
               | will get bigger screens, better projectors, better audio,
               | etc. It's already started near me.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | I mean that works for the theater companies but itv
               | doesn't really generate more revenue for studios. Their
               | audience is shifting to the home experience
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | Why is it similarly bad in TV and movies they always knew
               | would be direct to streaming?
        
               | orlp wrote:
               | Begs the question: why not ship 2 mixes? Not like audio
               | is a significant chunk of the data of a modern blu-ray
               | movie.
        
               | whywhywhywhy wrote:
               | I mean they do, I purposefully select stereo on Netflix,
               | but I get the feeling the sound engineers don't change it
               | and just hammer the 5.1 down in a way that sounds bad.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | Can you recommend a good explanation of the different
               | types, how they are recorded encoded etc.? From a naive
               | sonar perspective it seems like two mics one on each side
               | of a head sized camera would do fine for encoding all the
               | angle information. But then you would have to register
               | and apply that knowledge to each boom mic input, and
               | synthesize it for every sound effect that wasn't there at
               | recording. Tl;dr Why isnt two channels enough to generate
               | the correct output for N speakers spread around me?
        
               | lebuffon wrote:
               | Left/right sound localization is partially a function of
               | "shadow" created by the head. However more important to
               | localization is the pinna, the outer ear. Sound enters
               | the earhole directly AND reflects off the folds in the
               | pinna. This causes complex comb filtering. (cancellation)
               | Our brain learns how to correlate sound direction with
               | these complex filterings. It's quite amazing.
               | 
               | Some audio workstations (Logic) have "binaural"
               | processing to try and emulate this effect. It can never
               | be perfect because everyone's ears are shaped a little
               | different.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | Right, that is how _we_ do it. But isn 't all the phase
               | information present in two channels of audio to know how
               | to map all the signals to an arbitrary number of angles?
               | You'd need to know the spacing of the mics, but that
               | could be a standard.
               | 
               | About the pinna, a fun way to demonstrate this is to have
               | someone close their eyes, then you snap or jangle keys at
               | various locations and have them point. Then tape their
               | ears to their head and repeat. They will be way off in
               | the vertical. We can do left right-ish (with coning
               | error) without the outer ear. But up down is impossible.
        
               | lebuffon wrote:
               | No. The phase differences for FULL localization are not
               | in the incident sound. (There are phase and amplitude
               | differences for left/right only)
               | 
               | 3D phase changes occur and create comb filters at you ear
               | and your ear is unique to you.
               | 
               | This is why Kunstkopf(dummy head) recordings were never
               | as successful as anticipated.
        
             | imgabe wrote:
             | Would it not be possible to have multiple audio mixes
             | available and play the one that is appropriate for your
             | setup?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | This is the idea of Atmos. They deliver the source with
               | an absurd number of channels. Your local player knows
               | your room and speaker arrangement (from setup tuning
               | ahead of time) and remaps the stupid number of channels
               | into the right playback based on the equipment available.
               | Got 20 speakers all around the room? Cool. Have a 5.1
               | setup? No problem. Just have the stereo speakers on your
               | TV? Supposedly, no problem.
               | 
               | Whether they actually achieved that depends a lot on your
               | equipment and its tuning.
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | Atmos doesn't have channels - it has played tracks with
               | their 3d location encoded to the receiver can convert it
               | into the correct channel setup.
               | 
               | It's fundamentally different from the "static" channel
               | mixes we had before.
        
               | noisem4ker wrote:
               | Yes, but audio tracks used to take up valuable space on
               | physical media, so you might indeed sometimes find
               | distinct 5.1 and 2.0 tracks, but usually for the main
               | language only. And of course this duplication is one of
               | the first things pirate releases do away with, in order
               | to reduce the final file size, so you won't find them on
               | most mainstream scene releases either.
        
               | Too wrote:
               | Yes, on Netflix you can choose. Choosing the stereo mix
               | does offer a significant improvement on hearing dialogue.
               | Regrettably, it has no idea of sensible default or even
               | choice of default, so it always goes to 5.1 even if your
               | setup doesn't have it.
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | It's a form of product advertising: "You should hear
             | Steve's 5.1 system, he can hear the movie properly, the
             | sound is so great!", "He also has a 1:500000 contrast ratio
             | so he can see faces on his screen that we can't see on our
             | pitch-dark screens. He can actually see the orcs on LOTR!"
             | 
             | And when half the consumers will be done with this upgrade,
             | we'll invent something new.
        
             | noisem4ker wrote:
             | At least Dolby Digital takes the scenario into account,
             | applying dynamic range control on 5.1 downmixing. Be sure
             | to set the DD decoder to RF mode (as opposed to line mode)
             | to adapt the range for stereo.
             | 
             | With DTS there's no such feature that I know of. Depending
             | on the setup, though, I guess one could always tweak the
             | mix coefficients (privileging the center channel, where
             | most of the voices should end up) and apply a DRC effect
             | somewhere on the audio chain. TVs and receivers sometimes
             | have this last bit built in and exposed as "night mode".
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | It's hard to believe that TVs are still so buggy that they
             | would intentionally play 5.1 in an unusable way on regular
             | TVs.
             | 
             | Of all the ways to deal with the situation, just adding up
             | all the channels equally and dumping them out has to be the
             | stupidest. It's ruined so many people's experiences over
             | the years.
        
               | zaroth wrote:
               | There's been a bug for years in the Apple TV VLC app
               | where it plays the audio channels _on the wrong
               | speakers_.
               | 
               | Center channel ends up on back right or something totally
               | ridiculous. There's an open issue on the bug tracker.
               | It's wild.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | Yeah; playing 5.1 mixes on stereo equipment make the side
             | and back channels too loud and the center channel too
             | quiet.
             | 
             | Also, it is now fashionable for actors to mumble.
             | 
             | I'm reasonably sure I am not going deaf, since I have no
             | problem following audio fiction podcasts with the windows
             | down in my car during my commute.
        
               | copperx wrote:
               | > Yeah; playing 5.1 mixes on stereo equipment make the
               | side and back channels too loud and the center channel
               | too quiet.
               | 
               | I thought the equipment selected the stereo mix (or did a
               | perfectly compatible mixdown) when playing back a 5.1 mix
               | in a stereo system. Is that not what happens? If it
               | isn't, is it because user error?
        
               | Sholmesy wrote:
               | Not a sound guy, and have struggled for a while w/ this
               | for my plex setup @ home, so grain of salt.
               | 
               | If there's not a separate track for e.g 2.0, then the
               | mixing down from 5.1 -> 2.0 will not have a human who
               | validates the output. An automatic conversion can't
               | accurately confirm that "this is legible for human ears
               | at the right levels"
        
               | zbuf wrote:
               | The conversion isn't so much as "automatic" or
               | opinionated, but clearly defined in a spec. And it _is_
               | mathematically correct in terms of sound energy entering
               | the ears. A device may be doing the conversion
               | incorrectly of course.
               | 
               | But there is still an omission, which is the introduction
               | of the centre speaker was (as I understand it) to "pin"
               | dialogue to the screen more effectively. That implies
               | there _is_ some physical phenomenon takes place (eg.
               | phasing/interference) which is not compensated for in the
               | spec.
               | 
               | My own system is set up to deliberately boost the centre
               | channel in the mix and it does help a lot, however I'm
               | interested to know how to define this amount of
               | compensation in terms of an actual physics or acoustics
               | phenomenon.
        
               | hunter2_ wrote:
               | The relevant phenomena are known as localization and the
               | cocktail party effect. If you put a microphone in the
               | middle of a cacophonous cocktail party, it would be hard
               | to follow any given conversation by listening to just
               | that one combined signal. But if you're actually there,
               | your brain can hone in on any of several conversations.
               | 
               | Having dialog in a center speaker means it comes from a
               | different location than the music/fx, so it's easy to
               | hone in on it even if it's a little quieter than the
               | music/fx. Having dialog in the same speakers as music/fx
               | makes it much harder. The specified 5.1 to 2.x mixdown
               | ratios might be good or might be inadequate depending on
               | how correlated the original left track is with the
               | original right track. A ridiculously loud blast only on
               | the 5.1 left means your brain can hear dialog from your
               | 2.1 right unimpeded. A medium volume explosion on the 5.1
               | left and right (but not center!) leaves you with no 2.1
               | speaker producing dialog without it being masked by the
               | explosion, especially if the explosion sound is mono-ish.
        
               | noasaservice wrote:
               | > The relevant phenomena are known as localization and
               | the cocktail party effect. If you put a microphone in the
               | middle of a cacophonous cocktail party, it would be hard
               | to follow any given conversation by listening to just
               | that one combined signal. But if you're actually there,
               | your brain can hone in on any of several conversations.
               | 
               | That's because a human is not 1 microphone. It's 2
               | microphones, with a known distance between the 2, which
               | allows realtime 3d positioning and isolation of sound to
               | an area.
               | 
               | The open source hardware "ReSpeaker" allows to start
               | experimenting how a microphone array works, including why
               | the cocktail party effect doesn't really affect us in
               | most cases.
               | 
               | The notable exception is if there's a signal that is
               | generated perfectly on the plane perpendicular to the 2
               | ears. Then, humans have a hard time localizing it between
               | front or back (180deg swap). We can still get an angular
               | vector where the sound is. However simply turning your
               | head removes this constraint exception.
               | 
               | (Also bring able to your your head and move your body
               | also shows a visual-acoustic SLAM algorithm going on in
               | your brain.)
        
               | lebuffon wrote:
               | 1. "That's because a human is not 1 microphone." true 2.
               | "It's 2 microphones, with a known distance between the 2"
               | 3. "which allows realtime 3d positioning and isolation of
               | sound to an area"
               | 
               | #3 does not follow from statement #2.
               | 
               | The missing element is that 3D localization is due to the
               | pinna.
               | 
               | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.1967.
               | 005...
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | I have a 3.1 set-up with the center boosted by the
               | maximum amount allowable. Will eventually upgrade to 5.1
               | once the kids are old enough to not climb on the rear
               | speakers.
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | > Also, it is now fashionable for actors to mumble.
               | 
               | Why does it matter that actors are mumbling, though?
               | Don't most lines in Hollywood movies (that aren't already
               | recorded on a soundstage with a boom mic inches from the
               | actor's face) get ADRed these days?
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | If the actor's intention is to mumble instead of
               | enunciatiting clearly (presumably because of some notion
               | of authenticity), then they will also mumble the studio
               | takes. It's not a problem of sound volume/background
               | noise, which ADR can fix, it's a problem of style over
               | ease of understanding the dialogue. This mirrors the
               | problem of TV series sometimes becoming too dark to
               | easily follow the action on a TV screen in usual
               | conditions (infamously so in the Long Night episode of
               | Game of Thrones).
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | The mandolorian is so dark my iPad has issues with not
               | enough dynamic range. I think they shoot that way too
               | cover bad cg
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | Those scenes look amazing on good TVs. Making bad screens
               | show them well seems like a problem for the producers of
               | bad screens to solve.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | 99.9% of the audience will strain to see what is going
               | on, but let's blame their screen buying acumen (and their
               | viewing practices - even the best screen will not make
               | those scenes easily watchable in a sunny room, which is
               | how most people watch TV) instead of making them actually
               | watchable.
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | What part of "seems like a problem for the producers of
               | bad screens to solve" makes it seem like this is blaming
               | the people who buy the screens and not the people that
               | make the screens.
               | 
               | Don't make the art worse, hold the manufacturers
               | accountable for selling terrible products.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > Don't make the art worse, hold the manufacturers
               | accountable for selling terrible products.
               | 
               | A big part of this is the viewing conditions. The best
               | screen in the world will not make a dark scene watchable
               | in a bright sunny room. And lots of people watch TV in
               | bright sunny rooms.
               | 
               | Also, better screens = more money. A lot of the time,
               | people just bought a cheap screen, and they would still
               | like to know what happens in the series or movies they
               | watch.
               | 
               | I am absolutely for quality interesting dark scenes in
               | cinema, where both the screen and viewing conditions are
               | normalized. But TV is not the same (and HBO and Netflix
               | are TV).
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Art _is_ worse though. From intangible sludge
               | https://www.vox.com/culture/22840526/colors-movies-tv-
               | gray-d... to modern DPs and directors not being able to
               | film a dark scene competently
               | https://twitter.com/nikitonsky/status/1564633641828884483
        
               | Am4TIfIsER0ppos wrote:
               | > colors, what happened to them?
               | 
               | Did movies and TV copy video games' Real Is Brown trope?
        
               | zimpenfish wrote:
               | James Stephanie Sterling did a video a long time ago
               | (which I currently cannot find) about "the best game for
               | your HD TV" and concluded (IIRC) that it was Viva Pinata
               | because of the ludicrous colourfulness of the game which
               | really showed off the power of HD TVs. Contrasted with
               | the "intangible sludge" of the Dooms, Quakes, etc.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Now I have the urge to play that and Guacamele will n myy
               | brand new OLED :)
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | The screens and sound setups are fine. The movies are bad
               | products here.
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | By "good TV" do you mean one that is stuck in demo mode
               | with blown out saturation and gamma?
        
               | knorker wrote:
               | On good TVs under perfect lighting conditions only.
               | 
               | Try watching handmaid's tale without blackout blinds.
        
               | jldl805 wrote:
               | You're 100% correct and also brave for saying it out loud
               | on the internet. Prepare for gnashing of teeth from
               | people with subpar picture quality.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | Dark scenes tend to look better on bad TVs because they
               | tend to brighten everything too much with LCD bloom. I
               | feel like it's an opposite problem with OLEDs, they're
               | the one with scenes that are too dark.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | So it's similar to when a developer great an Electron app
             | that works great on a 24 core machine with 32GB of RAM.
             | It's not going to be great unless we're forced to test it
             | on the average dual core laptop with 4GB of RAM?
        
             | jader201 wrote:
             | > _most people have a 2.0 or a 2.1 setup at most_
             | 
             | Wait, is this true? I've always thought I was in the
             | minority for "still" having "just" 2.0. I've been needing
             | to upgrade my receiver for a while, but mostly putting it
             | off since I can't find a decent 2.0 one with a good number
             | of inputs. Almost every receiver is (5+2n).1 these days
             | (where n >= 0).
             | 
             | I feel so behind the times in my simple 2.0 system, even
             | though I think it sounds better than almost any other setup
             | I've heard -- and my speakers are probably 30 years old!
             | 
             | So I really don't care if I'm behind the times, but would
             | still be nice to find someone produce a first-class 2.0
             | receiver.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | A massive number of people don't have anything other than
               | the speakers included in their TV. The next massive
               | percentage of people maybe have a sound bar, _maybe_ with
               | an included subwoofer.
               | 
               | A tiny, minuscule, microscopic percentage of consumers
               | will have an external receiver. Maybe they'll have 5.1 on
               | that. Maybe they'll have 9.2. An extremely small
               | fraction, practically a rounding error, will have higher
               | than that.
               | 
               | Most of my extended family is decently well off in the
               | US. Among a dozen or so households, I'm one of I think
               | two with an actual receiver, and I've only got a 5.1
               | setup. A few have a sound bar on their fancy movie
               | watching setup. Most of my friends rely on the included
               | speakers on their TVs. Its just not a priority for a lot
               | of people, even people with enough income to afford
               | vacation homes and boats and what not.
        
               | Freak_NL wrote:
               | That pretty much sums it up. I wouldn't even be surprised
               | if the percentage of households with anything over 2.0
               | has dropped in the past two decades.
               | 
               | Of those people with an external receiver, a significant
               | percentage will deliberately have a stereo setup, often
               | used for listening to music. Good speakers, but no
               | surround sound.
        
               | marssaxman wrote:
               | I used to watch movies on an absurdly excessive 3000-watt
               | sound system, equipped with dual 18" subwoofers... but I
               | never bothered to get a surround decoder.
        
               | zaroth wrote:
               | What a shame though! A decent 5.1 setup should be cheap
               | and easy to setup.
               | 
               | Of course that's far from the truth, but good sound is so
               | worth it! Being able to truly enjoy music, movies, we
               | live in an incredible era for content, video is regularly
               | available in 4K and people can play that!
               | 
               | Why is sound stuck so far behind?
        
               | adrianN wrote:
               | I watch movies for the story. 480p and my laptop speakers
               | are enough for that. I enjoyed movies just the same when
               | they were 700mb DivX with 128kps mp3 sound.
        
               | elteto wrote:
               | It's an audiovisual art, it's way more than just the
               | story.
               | 
               | Have you seen Barry Lyndon in a 4K OLED TV? You should.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | Yep, same here. Most of the movies which depend on
               | "immersion" are just horrible. It doesn't matter if the
               | dinosaur in "Jurrasic World Dominion" sounds realistic if
               | I already want to quit the movie after seeing the first
               | 10 minutes.
        
               | whywhywhywhy wrote:
               | > and easy to setup.
               | 
               | We all know this isn't gonna be true. Just another thing
               | to faff about with that will stop working and have to be
               | reset.
               | 
               | Even the effort of finding how to place it around my
               | furniture doesn't seem worth the effort to hear sound
               | from different directions.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | > What a shame though! A decent 5.1 setup should be cheap
               | and easy to setup.
               | 
               | It takes up space that some of us honestly don't have,
               | especially people living in city apartments (like I do).
               | 
               | And I used to have a separate sound system at a past
               | place, some many years ago, I don't think I'd be able to
               | set it up again, it felt like black magic to set it up
               | back then, it will surely feel the same (and more) now.
        
               | stuaxo wrote:
               | It's a pain though, you have to take the time to setup
               | the extra speakers, cable them and etc and have the space
               | to do this, and of course the extra expense.
               | 
               | Yes, it's cheap to some software developer on HN, but if
               | you are on an average income it's harder to justify.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | I think our auditory system just isn't great. Compressed
               | formats with bitrate of 320kbps is borderline
               | indistinguishable from raw formats in audio, while it
               | will be borderline unbearable in video.
        
               | mgdlbp wrote:
               | That's a really insightful way of putting it. My first
               | reaction was, 'well, duh...', but then I realized that
               | I'd taken for granted the fact that digital video of
               | (arbitrarily defined) adequate quality must have a much
               | higher information rate than audio of the same. But
               | surely there are animals for which the opposite is true!
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Speaking as someone with a 5.1 system they haven't set
               | up:
               | 
               | Getting the rear speakers' cables installed into your
               | walls is expensive, and requires you own your home.
               | 
               | Getting a room large enough you can get several guests
               | between the speakers without some of them ending up much
               | closer to the speakers than others is even moreso.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | One big downside of 5.1 is that you now have 6 speakers
               | to place all around you. Depending on the room and
               | layout, that can be hard to impossible to do without
               | looking ugly, or even to do at all.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > Why is sound stuck so far behind?
               | 
               | I know people who have as their primary method of
               | watching movies and TV is on an iPad.
               | 
               | Its not that the tech is stuck so far behind, its a
               | matter of priorities. They just don't care to invest the
               | time/space/effort/money into a fancy sound system. Not
               | even always that they _couldn 't_, just that they don't
               | bother doing so. Sure, many could easily afford a fancy
               | sound system. But they don't care enough to bother
               | figuring out what to buy, figuring out how to connect it
               | all together, going through the whole effort of making
               | sure to use the _right_ remote to get the sound working
               | right, etc. They just want to press play on the one
               | device when they feel like watching a movie, even if its
               | not _the best experience possible_.
               | 
               | I know a few couples who do own a nice sound system. One
               | partner never bothers to turn on the receiver or use any
               | of the extra devices, they'll just use the built-in apps
               | on the TV and turn the TV speakers up instead of
               | bothering to turn on the fancy sound system _already
               | plugged in and otherwise ready to go_. Its just not worth
               | it to them to figure it out, so they don 't bother using
               | it.
        
               | rane wrote:
               | I upgraded my receiver and TV recently and it was a
               | pleasant surprise that Apple TV remote now switches the
               | receiver on and off automatically so the setup really
               | requires no tech awareness to use.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | Mine's on my laptop with headphones. I don't even have a
               | TV, let alone a fancy sound system setup (and have no
               | clue what those numbers everyone's throwing around even
               | refer to).
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | And that's perfectly fine, don't get me wrong. If that
               | gets you enjoyment from the media you watch, that's
               | great. You definitely don't need a fancy theater room to
               | be happy.
               | 
               | And honestly if it's a nice laptop and a good pair of
               | headphones you're probably ahead of a lot of people
               | watching on a cheap TV with built in speakers. Once
               | again, not that it truly matters.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | X.Y (e.g. 5.1) means X wide range speakers and Y
               | subwoofers. You also sometimes see it like S/T.Y where
               | S+T = X, and it refers to front/surround speakers.
               | 
               | There are standard values and configurations, such as 2.0
               | (aka stereo) both at the front, 2.1, 3.1 adds a centre
               | channel mostly for on-screen dialogue positioned close to
               | screen, 5.1 (3/2.1) adds a second stereo pair behind you,
               | 7.1 - adds an extra surround stereo pair between the
               | others, etc.
        
               | mgdlbp wrote:
               | For real enthusiasts, also X.Y.Z, adding ceiling/bounce
               | speakers for vertical spatial audio.
               | 
               | The real "stuck so far behind" that I don't get is why we
               | use speaker arrays at all -- instead of binaural stereo
               | tech. That virtual haircut demo, apparently from the
               | 90s,[0] sounds _incredible_ on my cheap headphones, yet
               | the technology seems to have gone nowhere since. Is there
               | even spatial audio in VR setups?
               | 
               | If the difficulty is in simulating the head/ears, then
               | existing spatial recordings can at least be converted
               | using a binaural microphone in a surround sound setup,
               | no? Though, I guess with headphones any visceral
               | sensation of bass is still lost, so you'd need to keep
               | the subwoofer or a seat shaker.
               | 
               | 0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUDTlvagjJA
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Binaural audio starts to really fall apart when you don't
               | have the sound _exactly_ as the microphone setup was.
               | Moving the speakers even a couple of feet away, and then
               | not having them _exactly_ lines up with your ears, it
               | ruins the effect.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | I don't much about audio, but wouldn't binaural stereo
               | only work if the two speakers are to the sides of you,
               | like with headphones? Would this work from a TV that's an
               | ambiguous distance in front of you?
               | 
               | As a side note, Windows (and Xbox) support Windows Sonic,
               | Dolby Atmos for Headphones, and DTS:X, all of which
               | simulate spatial audio for headphones. It'll simulate a
               | 5.1 (and 7.1?) setup through the headphones. Some games
               | have spatial audio simulation built-in as well, such as
               | Elite Dangerous. I believe UE5 also has a spatial audio
               | engine. Finally, I believe PlayStation emphasized spatial
               | audio for the PS5, but I don't really know the details of
               | that.
        
               | branon wrote:
               | Wondered this too. That video along with the millions of
               | ASMR videos on YouTube have very nice binaural stereo
               | sound, but I don't see this being done anywhere else.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | I think it only works/is a lot easier with
               | head/earphones? Since you know exactly where the ears are
               | w.r.t. the speakers in that case.
               | 
               | Not that that's really an explanation - if that was the
               | best sound and it was available on Blu-rays and streaming
               | platforms, and legacy 5.1 content upmixed nicely, then
               | yeah why wouldn't I use headphones even at home in front
               | of the television. Less obvious for joint/family viewing
               | I suppose.
        
               | treve wrote:
               | In my case I have a great receiver, but only 2 speakers.
               | To get surround I'll need to put speakers in places that
               | get in the way and run cables in place where I don't want
               | to see them.
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | Well for one I'm not going to run cables everywhere and
               | the other solutions have their faults: wireless satellite
               | lag sound, and still need a power cable; battery operated
               | satellites require constant maintenance.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Yea, unfortunately, my old 5.1 surround system of my
               | bachelor days fails the "wife test." Currently, to get
               | all the channels the sound mixers give you, you need 6
               | ugly black boxes with speakers in them spread around your
               | living room and another big black box receiver. And all
               | the speaker wire everywhere. Yuck! Even if you hide the
               | wires in the wall and use ceiling mounted speakers it's
               | still intrusive and ugly.
        
               | wazoox wrote:
               | And among those with a 5.1 setup, most have the speakers
               | placed haphazardly around the room and not at all as
               | required for a correct rendering.
        
               | c0nsumer wrote:
               | I'm with you. After having a nice 5.1 system 20 years
               | ago, and a space set up for it, I now have fallen back to
               | nice 2.0 or 2.1 systems.
               | 
               | Decent amp with a DAC to some quality speakers and a sub
               | and poof: really great audio in a simple system that
               | doesn't require running wires everywhere.
               | 
               | With the advent of cheap, decent, small single-channel
               | amps it's really easy to do something like Apple TV ->
               | HDMI -> TV -> TOSLINK -> Amp -> Speakers and be done with
               | it. (I know I could go Apple TV right to the Amp, but
               | passing it through the TV mitigates image-audio delay.)
        
             | SkeuomorphicBee wrote:
             | The 5.1 vs 2.0 is a bit of a red herring, it used to be a
             | big problem a decade or two ago, but today it is just a
             | small to insignificant contributor to the problem.
             | 
             | The real problem now a days is not technical, it is 100%
             | director's choice. Having deafening "wooooon" organ music,
             | and ear popping explosions is simply in vogue, so all
             | directors want that in their movie, and mix like that on
             | purpose.
             | 
             | And it is not about theatrical mix vs home mix either. The
             | cinema experience also changed with this latest mixing
             | trend, watching a modern movie in the cinema also became
             | uncomfortable with much louder explosions/music/"wooon"
             | than two decades ago. (To the point where I'm considering
             | using ear protection if ever going back to a cinema).
             | 
             | This is 100% a manufactured problem created on purpose by
             | misguided (sound) directors.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | I've been using ear protection in my ears at the movies
               | for decades. They're just too loud.
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | That used to be the problem.
             | 
             | It became less of a problem because 5.1 became a lot more
             | common and TVs are smarter about muxing 5.1 into 2.1 than
             | they used to be.
             | 
             | But something changed in the last ten years and having a
             | real 5.1 setup (like I have) isn't helping anymore.
        
             | YokoZar wrote:
             | I've noticed some streaming platforms (eg Paramount Plus)
             | occasionally fail to make use of the center speaker
             | entirely when supposedly in 5.1; this makes the dialog
             | nearly inaudible. I only get this issue with some content
             | sources, and forcing the mixer into stereo mode alleviates
             | the problem.
             | 
             | There are almost surely a whole host of bugs just
             | outputting in the format the user has, never mind mixing
             | issues, copyright protection, and similar.
        
             | copperx wrote:
             | I would like to believe that, except that the dialog is
             | almost always too quiet in a movie theater.
        
               | itronitron wrote:
               | Yeah, I enjoyed watching Dune at home more than in the
               | theater because I could turn on the captioning.
        
               | adrianmsmith wrote:
               | Exactly, I saw Tenet at the cinema I really couldn't
               | understand the dialog.
        
           | omwow wrote:
           | I think this is the article you mentioned:
           | https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/03/tenet-
           | dialogue-...
        
             | Klonoar wrote:
             | Thank you!
        
           | JadoJodo wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29417309
        
           | jclardy wrote:
           | I had this issue recently watching Rings of Power, so much so
           | that I have to keep the remote nearby to change every few
           | minutes. Dialogue volume is so low you have to turn it up,
           | then action scenes happen and the house is shaking.
        
             | distances wrote:
             | I have also been doing this for years already. I only watch
             | with subtitles -- no subtitles, no movie -- but I still
             | like the dialogue to be audible without explosions
             | bothering my neighbours.
        
               | azemetre wrote:
               | One of the reasons why I bought an Apple TV was the
               | ability to pair it with my airpods. Makes is super
               | convenient to hear everything if you live in an
               | apartment, also some shows take advantage of the spatial
               | audio which is neat if you don't have a proper sound
               | setup.
               | 
               | I still turn on subtitles tho. On that front I've been
               | noticing some subtitles will not match the english
               | dialogue at all. This is noticeable on the Netflix shows
               | Cyberpunk Edgerunners and Aggretsuko. I'm guessing these
               | shows had their scripts written in non-english languages
               | and that was what the translation teams worked with.
               | 
               | I don't remember the exact lines but I do remember them
               | different enough where you can tell the translations were
               | "strict" whereas the dialogue was more "natural" sounding
               | if that makes sense.
        
               | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
               | Roku has that feature; you can enable remote listening
               | via the app and pipe sound to your earphones.
        
               | azemetre wrote:
               | Good to know! I love this feature a lot and only thought
               | apple did it. Does it also work for game consoles too?
               | Like playing switch on the tv but feeling audio to your
               | earphones?
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | There are also separate devices that take an audio feed
               | from the TV/monitor and feed it to (multiple) bluetooth
               | earbuds. Very nice for viewing after the rest of the
               | family has gone to bed.
        
               | FearNotDaniel wrote:
               | > some subtitles will not match the english dialogue at
               | all
               | 
               | I have the same issues when watching shows and movies
               | translated into German. Trying to improve my level of the
               | language, but with both the dubbed soundtrack and the
               | subs turned on almost every line of dialogue differs
               | between the two. I assume it's because the subtitles
               | generally reflect the original script very closely but
               | the dubbed version requires more rewriting to match the
               | sounds to the lips.
        
           | 6stringmerc wrote:
           | Interstellar is unwatchable to me because of the sound. It is
           | literally painful.
        
         | bckr wrote:
         | Does your TV have dynamic range normalization (may be called
         | "sound leveling" in the menu)?
        
           | Covzire wrote:
           | I've never seen an implementation of that that actually did
           | what it claimed, even on a modestly high end Denon receiver
           | it just ends up making all audio sound harsh.
        
         | orthoxerox wrote:
         | After watching The Boys season 3 I thought I was losing my
         | listening comprehension of English. Glad to hear even native
         | speakers struggle with modern movies. Karl Urban is great, but
         | he just grumbles into his beard.
        
         | pvarangot wrote:
         | I have the same issue but instead of using subtitles I've
         | embraced not knowing what's going on with the show. If it was
         | important that I know for my enjoyment then I'm probably not
         | watching the show anymore. Like if what the actor said was
         | unintelligible I'm going to go with that's part of the plot, a
         | puzzle for me to figure out on the show subreddit or something,
         | but I'm not going to deal with the shitty blinding subtitles
         | some shows display on blinding white over pitch OLED black,
         | it's impossible.
        
           | Dreami wrote:
           | Just for reference: if you need Subtitles on an OLED, e.g. on
           | Netflix you can set the subtitles to grey (only in the Web
           | app, but is used on all other apps). Had that same problem
           | with the OLED
        
           | lawkwok wrote:
           | That's how I watch movies in general. Maybe it's a symptom of
           | ADHD or lack of interest but I find it hard to remember
           | people's names and plot reveals that require me to remember
           | to specific locations or details. I just watch movies and
           | enjoy them "generally".
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | I do some of that, because I'm bad with remembering names.
             | If the plot involves talking about someone, I just learned
             | to ignore it and consider non-important.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | I hate that feeling. Not knowing if the name they just
             | mentioned is someone important I forgot about or the
             | director is going for a convoluted timeline and they are
             | talking about someone we haven't seen yet.
             | 
             | I have better things to do than watch movies with the risk
             | of not understanding them. It's like saying to read a book
             | "generally." What a waste of time.
             | 
             | But it also depends on the genre. If you're a fan of
             | blockbuster action movies, most dialogue is unimportant
             | anyway. If you enjoy drama or more artsy movies, you
             | probably need to follow what's going on.
        
         | least wrote:
         | The Apple TV has a setting called "reduce loud sounds" which
         | helps with this problem. I'm sure you can find it on other
         | devices too. My Sony TV also has a sound setting for enhanced
         | dialogue which might help as well.
         | 
         | Can't really help with the actors thing, though I think I'd
         | rather characters that are truer to life than sound like
         | they're acting on stage, personally.
        
           | Too wrote:
           | That option actually works great for resurrecting the speech
           | in a movie, but makes all the music utterly flat and boring.
           | With this option on you might as well throw out your
           | expensive speaker setup and use the built in TV speaker.
           | 
           | If only there was a hotkey to toggle it on and off, instead
           | of hidden 4 levels down the touch-and-swipe menu.
        
             | bhj wrote:
             | Even better would be for the compressor/limiter to detect
             | whether the source is music, dialogue or explosion and
             | adjust its parameters accordingly. Come on Apple, make it
             | smarter!
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Or movies could have separate audio tracks and volume
               | sliders for dialog, sound effects and music, like a game
               | from the year 2000.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | so you have people in real life that emit slurred
           | intelligible sounds instead of speaking properly? that sounds
           | terrible.
        
             | least wrote:
             | I'm one of those people that mumble and/or struggle with
             | speaking in real life, so I'm probably placing that burden
             | more on other people than the other way around.
             | 
             | I just find that stage acting sounds very unnatural. So do
             | news anchors and you will find the same sort of unnatural
             | voice in older classic films. No one talks like that in
             | real life so of course it's something that is going to
             | detach the tv show or movie I'm watching from reality if
             | they speak like that. Does that make it impossible for me
             | to enjoy the classics? No, but they pretty much never pull
             | me into the story in a way that makes me forget for a
             | second that they're actors doing a performance.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | When you are sitting at home, with perhaps a friend on
               | your couch, do they constantly say "What?"
               | 
               | Or, if standing with a few people you know outside, is
               | every sentence you speak replied to with a request to
               | repeat yourself?
               | 
               | I bet not. Maybe it happens sometimes, but my point is,
               | being able to understand what someone says, regardless of
               | how they say it, is the key part here.
               | 
               | Yet it sounds as if you believe most people are barely
               | understandable? Including yourself?
               | 
               | And for example, listening to much of the dialog out
               | there, the Picard reference. The guy is in command of the
               | flagship of a fleet, in the military, and would not be in
               | command, in that position, if there was any inability to
               | clearly issue orders, and to communicate fluently.
               | 
               | Beyond that, many of the characters we watch in media,
               | are top tier of their professions, even if that
               | profession is 'thief'.
               | 
               | A CEO? An ex-world class military retiree? Someone
               | working in upper management of the NSA? These people will
               | be heard.
               | 
               | There are indeed roles featuring the "regular person",
               | but if you mumble, if you define your speach style as
               | mumbling, that means you employ the word "mumble" to
               | differentiate you, from how most people speak.
               | 
               | Otherwise you wouldn't be mumbling, you'd just be
               | speakkng.
               | 
               | So that all said, I think your assertion is unfair.
        
               | least wrote:
               | The person I originally responded to was basically
               | calling for actors to homogenize their speech in order to
               | make them easier to understand. I disagree with this
               | notion because I think that both altering how you
               | enunciate things and how you "project" your voice alter
               | them drastically and are not realistic for everyone to
               | speak that way. They are inherently inauthentic,
               | especially if you consider the speech patterns of various
               | English accents and dialects. Certain accents are
               | intrinsically linked to "mumbling." Certain types of
               | voices are inherently not projected.
               | 
               | A great example is this video of Baltimoreans attempting
               | to say "Aaron earned an iron urn." [1] The same person
               | says it how they would naturally and with "proper"
               | enunciation. With "proper" enunciation he was very easy
               | to understand, but it was also not authentic to how he
               | actually speaks.
               | 
               | > Beyond that, many of the characters we watch in media,
               | are top tier of their professions, even if that
               | profession is 'thief'.
               | 
               | Yes, but there's just as many, if not more, that aren't.
               | I'm not saying it's unrealistic for say, a CEO or a news
               | reporter to have adapted a "General American" accent. I
               | don't think it's weird for even most characters to have
               | an accent that is very understandable to most Americans.
               | I just don't think you can or should expect that actors
               | always speak in a certain way just to make it
               | understandable to the most amount of Americans.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Oj7a-p4psRA
        
           | adastra22 wrote:
           | Cheap hack for most setups is to boost the center speaker.
           | Usually that's just used for dialogue.
        
           | bhj wrote:
           | > The Apple TV has a setting called "reduce loud sounds"
           | 
           | This does help, but at some point Apple increased the
           | compressor's release time so that it's far too quiet even
           | 10-15s after the loud transient. I wish they would make it
           | behave more like a brickwall limiter.
        
             | nicolas_t wrote:
             | I had noticed that it had changed but wasn't sure what
             | exactly the change was. Yes, far too quiet 10-15s after the
             | loud transient is exactly why I ended up having to disable
             | it.
             | 
             | Before that it worked perfectly and better than my Denon
             | receiver :(
        
             | ace2358 wrote:
             | I've definitely noticed this change but couldn't pick when
             | exactly it happened. Super annoying because sometimes I
             | start changing the volume then it starts changing the
             | volume...
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | > I think I'd rather characters that are truer to life than
           | sound like they're acting on stage, personally.
           | 
           | You can have both though. A great example is Patrick Stewart
           | as Captain Jean-Luc Picard in Star Trek: The Next Generation.
           | He's never mumbled a line in his life and you can understand
           | everything he says during quiet dialog. You can be true to
           | life, quiet AND understandable.
        
             | kirbys-memeteam wrote:
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | > He's never mumbled a line in his life and you can
             | understand everything he says during quiet dialog. You can
             | be true to life, quiet AND understandable.
             | 
             | Its almost all about projection. You can come across as a
             | "quiet" speaker and still manage to be heard when you're
             | projecting and enunciating properly. Projecting isn't about
             | being loud, its about being heard.
             | 
             | I have a tendency to mumble a lot when I'm not thinking
             | about it. Thinking about projecting my voice brings things
             | across better, and its not really all about being louder.
        
             | least wrote:
             | Jean-Luc Picard _is_ quite intelligible even when he is
             | soft spoken like you said. There 's quite a few reasons for
             | this. One is obvious. Patrick Stewart is a shakespearean
             | actor so he learned how to speak in such a way. The other
             | thing is his accent. It's an accent that lends itself well
             | to intelligibility. Pidgin or Mountain talk or bayou
             | certainly do not if you want something credible or
             | authentic, for example. Thirdly, the character Jean-Luc
             | Picard is one who has always carried himself properly and
             | with dignity, so a voice that is loud and properly
             | enunciated matches him perfectly.
             | 
             | I think that you can have both, but you can't _always_ have
             | both. Because it doesn 't always make sense to.
        
             | marginalia_nu wrote:
             | I do think Stewart's stage training shines through quite a
             | lot. He does dial it back, but his performance is hardly
             | realistic. (I'd also note how important recurring locations
             | are even set up like a stage -- open with a clear
             | unobstructed focus point for action to happen in; the
             | bridge, ten forward and engineering especially notable).
             | 
             | On the other hand, I'm not sure what hyper-realism would
             | contribute to something like Star Trek. The show
             | confidently embraces the fact that it's basically a bunch
             | of fairy tales for nerds. That's what allows it to be as
             | great as it is.
             | 
             | Not everything needs to be The Wire (even though that was
             | great too, if you enabled subtitles).
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | Wow I don't agree at all (haven't seen the latest series,
               | talking about TNG and the movies).
               | 
               | But, if I hadn't seen _maybe two_ episodes, I might have
               | the same impression.
               | 
               | How often do you see Captain (!) Picard out of uniform?
               | The character of Picard-as-officer is constantly on
               | stage, he's the master and commander of an entire
               | starship!
               | 
               | Second most often, we see him on the Holodeck, where he's
               | playing a captain playing an actor playing a role! Of
               | course he chews the scenery there.
               | 
               | But when we see Jean-Luc, the civilian, something
               | changes. All the Royal Shakespeare is invisible, he's an
               | old man who carries a great burden, and has put it down
               | for just a moment.
               | 
               | Patrick Steward is very, very good at what he does.
        
               | marginalia_nu wrote:
               | I don't deny he has range, but at the same time, it's
               | hard to get way from the fact he is a stage actor playing
               | a character that sounds and acts like a stage actor in
               | almost every scene. He fits the role like a glove, and
               | the role makes a lot of sense in the show (his dignity
               | and gravitas is something that is arguably missing in the
               | reboots and new takes on the show).
        
               | jakzurr wrote:
               | _... it 's basically a bunch of fairy tales for nerds._
               | 
               | omg that's embarrassing, but I guess it's true
        
             | zh3 wrote:
             | I recall an episode where it's all going to hell due to the
             | holodeck, and Picard asks what happened. Geordie, I think,
             | explains they asked the holodeck to create a character that
             | could outsmart Data...at which point Picard lowers his head
             | into his hands and mumbles "Merde!" (pretty clear, despite
             | the mumble).
        
         | JoeAltmaier wrote:
         | Agreed. Background levels higher than dialog are a chronic
         | problem. Actors turned away from the camera, so you don't get
         | any facial cues. Yelled or hurried or mumbled lines, which
         | don't get re-shot because, cost.
         | 
         | Add all that to the usual nodding actors - they don't
         | understand what they're supposed to be feeling so they just nod
         | as they talk. Sorry to call that out, now you will never be
         | able to un-see it again.
         | 
         | And whispering as a substitute for emotion! What the hell?
         | Character is supposed to be feeling intense emotion, so the
         | actor whispers. The director should slap them every time, and
         | re-shoot.
        
         | Seanambers wrote:
         | I totally agree.
         | 
         | The sound mixes today are so far off a pleasant experience that
         | the people who do make them should feel ashamed - How do many
         | actually have a home cinema room with soundproofing and 20
         | speakers ?
         | 
         | Most people watch movies with a headset / a TV / 2.1 / 5.1
         | surround system and they may even be limited by other factors
         | like neighbours and you know real life..
         | 
         | And the the voice levels is obnoxiously low and way
         | (negatively) beyond what i would call a good experience.
        
           | Aaargh20318 wrote:
           | > The sound mixes today are so far off a pleasant experience
           | that the people who do make them should feel ashamed - How do
           | many actually have a home cinema room with soundproofing and
           | 20 speakers ?
           | 
           | Also, digital camera manufacturers should be feel ashamed for
           | cameras providing photos that don't even fit on my monitor.
           | My 24MP Sony camera outputs photo's at 6000x4000 pixel
           | resolution! Who the hell has a monitor that big ? I can only
           | see a small part of the photo at one time.
           | 
           | Oh way, no, that's absolutely crazy. Because maybe some
           | people _do_ have a monitor that high-res, or maybe they want
           | to print it or edit it or.., or... And guess what, there is
           | no need to have the photos be smaller to display them, you
           | can simply use a viewer that scales them to fit on your
           | display. There is absolutely no need to throw away that extra
           | information and you might want it in the future.
           | 
           | Same goes for audio in a movie. If it doesn't fit the dynamic
           | range suitable for your setup, then scale it to whatever you
           | need it to be. You may not have a setup to enjoy that, but
           | others might, and they shouldn't have to deal with sub-par
           | mixes because other people don't know how to configure their
           | playback equipment.
        
           | boltzmann-brain wrote:
           | The slurred dialog is obnoxious and a sign of laziness on
           | everyone's part. The miking, the post processing, the
           | overdubbing (if there's any at all - recent film makers don't
           | seem to know that this is a thing). The actor's speech
           | pattern, where they direct their speech while acting, even
           | how they stand and where. The choice of location and
           | additional preparation of the stage so the speech can be
           | picked up clearly.
           | 
           | It's not your hearing, it's the mix. Source: I'm a mastering
           | engineer with a monitoring setup worth six figures and I use
           | closed captions too.
           | 
           | Speakers in TVs used to be tailored to making speech
           | intelligible. Nowadays it's... well whatever it is, it's not
           | really meant to do anything. Not even the more high-end
           | popular speaker systems are meant to do anything at all,
           | really. They all just kinda sorta make whatever is coming out
           | of them sound flashy and whooshy. That's another reason why
           | movies are even more difficult to understand.
           | 
           | And let's be honest - a lot of it nowadays is just not
           | _worth_ hearing... Staple tv shows form the 70s that fell
           | into obscurity for being extremely pedestrian had better
           | writing than nearly all big-budget movies nowadays. I
           | remember when Pig came out recently, it was the only good
           | movie during a span of maybe 3 months. That's how dire it is
           | nowadays.
           | 
           | Edit: oh, and I forgot about the ubiquitous 5.1-to-stereo
           | downmixing bug: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32883588
        
             | nogridbag wrote:
             | Would a soundbar help the situation or make it worse? With
             | two kids 90% of the time I'm watching kids movies but I
             | still turn on the closed captions. Any background noise and
             | it's nearly impossible to hear the dialogue without
             | cranking up the volume to an undesirable level.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | It might to some extent, but it's not the perfect way to
               | go.
               | 
               | Speech reproduction gets muddled by distortion and by
               | masking ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_masking
               | ).
               | 
               | If you have one speaker reproducing both speech and other
               | sound, this is what happens:
               | 
               | 1. additional sound output means heightened distortion
               | 
               | 2. when two sounds come from two places, our brains can
               | separate them due to phase differences and spatial
               | perception, so those two sounds mask each other less than
               | if the same two sounds come out of a single speaker, even
               | if it's perfect, with no distortion etc
               | 
               | 3. the speaker is made for broad range reproduction and
               | not voice reproduction, so it'll de-emphasize speech
               | frequencies, which are exactly those frequencies that
               | also make music sound like it's coming out of a cardboard
               | box. ultimately the applied eq (equalizer) curve will
               | create speech that's slightly muddy, like someone talking
               | from behind a blanket.
               | 
               | 4. sound bars use tiny transducers which are woefully
               | underpowered compared to the SPL (sound pressure level)
               | they're tasked with producing. This is done by using
               | multi-band compression and limiting. This sometimes
               | creates situations where the limiting might be recovering
               | after a slightly louder sound, and the very next syllable
               | will be muted.
               | 
               | However, having a dedicated speaker for the center
               | channel is none the less way better than not having one
               | at all. If that's all you can try, you can try your luck.
               | But be aware that getting a cheap one will probably not
               | get you where you want to be - you'll have to spend a
               | pretty penny. At that point if you have the space you
               | might want to get a 3.1 bookshelf speaker setup. They
               | don't have to be very large to provide great value-for-
               | space-used.
        
               | arh68 wrote:
               | FWIW, adding a Center channel to my former 2.0 seems to
               | have really helped me hear dialogue.
        
               | nogridbag wrote:
               | I've had a few 5.1 systems in the past (energy, Polk
               | audio speakers) but I found while the center channel
               | quality is excellent there's just too much bass. Even at
               | low volumes the bass disturbed others in the home (even
               | after playing with eq, boosting center channel, and
               | enabling night mode on the receiver). Currently I have an
               | LG Gallery TV. I like the ease of just using TV for audio
               | and even after raising the volume it doesn't vibrate the
               | whole house.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | It's not from the speakers - it's from your room. Read up
               | on standing modes. Placing the bass producing speaker
               | (usually the subwoofer) in a different spot can help
               | alleviate this tremendously.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | I don't know your current setup, but I'd highly recommend
               | external speakers with most modern TVs.
               | 
               | Back in the day with CRTs and projection screens, the TV
               | would be pretty big regardless. They didn't have to worry
               | about bundling in some nice speakers with a TV, because
               | hey the TV is going to be quite large and that cavity can
               | be a nice resonance chamber if done right.
               | 
               | Now, all TVs need to be super thin which can be a nice
               | thing don't get me wrong. But their packaging means their
               | speakers are often very compromised. Sure, they're OK in
               | a pinch, but even a cheap sound bar will often out
               | perform most TV's built in speakers. So unless you're
               | using the TV in a space where you just don't care about
               | the sound quality, you'll get a lot out from having at
               | least a sound bar or some other external speaker setup.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Many devices have a night mode to help keep the range of
               | volumes small. The Sonos one is perfect for my use case.
               | It changed my evening life when I found this.
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | I wish my Denon AVR had a usable night mode. Instead it
               | has a setting called "dynamic volume" that makes it so
               | all dialog right after an explosion is inaudible...
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Unhelpful but probably accurate.
        
               | throwawayForMe2 wrote:
               | A Bose sound bar with an "enhanced dialogue" mode helped
               | me greatly.
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | I have a 3.1 setup and the center channel helps, but it's
               | still really bad with many mixes. If you happen to use an
               | ffmpeg based player, and are targeting a stereo, this
               | audio-filter helps a lot (I stole this from someone
               | somewhere on the internet). I use it for encoding movies
               | for car-trips (where there is both no center channel and
               | a lot of background noise).
               | aformat=channel_layouts=stereo, compand=0 0:1 1:-90/-900
               | -70/-70 -30/-9 0/-3:6:0:0:0
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | A little off topic but it's really surprising how so few of
             | the shows and movies these days give off any vibe of
             | sincerity. From the acting to the writing to the CGI,
             | everything seems to be winking at the audience and trying
             | to tell them that they are all actors and its all make
             | believe.
             | 
             | The perfect example is Lord of the Rings vs The Rings of
             | Power. I had no problems believing that Aragorn really
             | lived in Middle Earth. But every single actor in Rings of
             | Power feels like...an actor - just someone playing a part.
             | 
             | Maybe its the overuse of bad CGI, but so few of the worlds
             | feel "lived in".
        
               | wildrhythms wrote:
               | I find all of these TV shows have the same pattern that
               | breaks the immersion: too many close up face shots, and
               | the characters look too clean. Watch the original LOTR
               | and see the composition of the shots ("every scene a
               | painting"): it's not just a close up of a face with a
               | bokeh behind it; there is a visual composition and
               | blocking like a scene designed for a play. The characters
               | looking too clean is another issue, and the Wheel of Time
               | series on Amazon has this problem as well. Every
               | character is perfectly manicured, no dirt or grime
               | despite the setting... it breaks the immersion!
        
               | rtpg wrote:
               | I remember... maybe 10 years ago? seeing a big OLED
               | screen playing a very high def version of LOTR. You could
               | see that the props were made of styrofoam.
               | 
               | Of course there is a lot of other stuff going on, but I
               | do think that high fidelity really makes stuff hard. That
               | combined with much more pressure to cut corners in post
               | production (on top of more stuff needing to actually
               | happen in post!) just makes it all fall apart.
               | 
               | Part of the problem when every story has to be the
               | biggest thing ever, and a problem that other industries
               | have hit (games in the PS3/PS4 generation).
        
               | itronitron wrote:
               | A lot of the new 4K TVs by default have some 'video
               | enhancement' processing steps turned on by default which
               | ends up making everything look fake. If you go into the
               | TV settings and turn all of those things off it should
               | make the world look more natural.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | this processing can create desync issues where the audio
               | is in front of the video by just a bit. this creates a
               | lip sync issue which makes people feel the audio is
               | dubbed over and can tear you out of suspense of
               | disbelief. but i don't think that's what they mean here.
               | rings is just bad acting - or rather, bad direction that
               | forces bad acting. i have no doubt the actors are capable
               | of much more than what they're being confined to.
        
               | itronitron wrote:
               | Prior HN discussion on the 'soap opera effect' I'm
               | referring to >>
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10613575
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | The majority of Netflix series produced in Europe are
               | actually a pleasant surprise in that regard. When to
               | comes to writing and acting as well as production, and
               | yes, sound mixing.
               | 
               | I consider myself a fantasy and sci-fi nerd, binge read
               | the Lord of The Rings, starting with the Hobbit, between
               | Christmas Eve and when the first movie came out. Read the
               | Simarilion. Loved the LotR triology. Like the Hobbit,
               | ehich already strechted the source material a lot, but in
               | a way that could be justified as a lead up to LotR. I did
               | not manage to dare whatching the Amazon series, and
               | propably never will. Thr LotR films, The Expense and the
               | Star Wars series and first two triologies are the last
               | movie ftanchises I still get immersion and suspenson of
               | disbelieve from, I'm not taking any risks eith LotR.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | Agreed. But then comes along something like The Expanse
               | with impeccable writing, a gripping, high-octane story,
               | with every episode being pretty much perfect, and great
               | set design, and it falls into obscurity and gets
               | prematurely cancelled because it's not being shoved down
               | people's throats.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > between Christmas Eve and when the first movie came out
               | 
               | That potentially gives you _decades_ to binge-read the
               | books... how many depends on what do you consider "the
               | first movie". :-)
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | I shoupd have been more precise: I didn't read the books
               | before, I knew they would be my Christmas gift. So I
               | started with the Hobbit on, if memory serves well, on
               | Dec. 23rd. Was finished in time for the unpacking of the
               | triology on 24th. And was through, for go one, with all
               | three books before going to see the first movie. I never
               | read as many pages in as little time before or after. And
               | I totally loved it!
        
               | whywhywhywhy wrote:
               | With something like that new LOTR show, the budgets are
               | so astronomical but where's the auteur? It's a series so
               | presumably directors are not consistent.
               | 
               | Might be an issue that there isn't a single person
               | pushing the world, aesthetic, vibe and vision making the
               | actors immersed in their roles. In the end getting all
               | dressed up and standing against a green screen probably
               | feels a bit silly without someone selling it to you.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | Agreed. Who knew that corporate structures are not
               | conducive to creative expression?
        
             | hydrogen7800 wrote:
             | Good to know this isn't just my ears or my setup. This was
             | most noticeable to me recently in Dune. So much whispering
             | dialogue, with massive dynamic range and BRAAAM [0]. Using
             | night mode on my receiver and cranking the center channel
             | to +10dB works pretty well for me, though.
             | 
             | [0] https://longreads.com/2016/12/08/braaam-inception-
             | hollywood-...
        
               | isleyaardvark wrote:
               | I recommend people watch Invasion of the Body Snatchers
               | (1978) to test that. I was impressed with the sound in
               | general and the fact that I felt no need to turn on
               | subtitles. But in particular there's a least one scene
               | where characters are whispering to each other. I didn't
               | need subtitles or to adjust the audio, every word was
               | perfectly intelligble.
               | 
               | It's also a clear sign that it's not my ears, it's not my
               | setup, it's the sound mix of modern movies.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | Dune sounds great on my 2.0 system at home (low mid-range
               | receiver and ~$200 yamaha floorstanders). Sicario too,
               | from the same director, I generally think he does a
               | fantastic job with audio mixes.
               | 
               | Strange that article doesn't talk about the tripod noise
               | from the '05 War of the Worlds.
               | 
               | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=jzY099ihULs
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | The '05 tripod noises are meant to sound like V1 bomb
               | scare-sounds, which is originally made to sound like
               | mythical Horns of Jericho:
               | 
               | https://www.factmag.com/2016/10/09/sound-fear-
               | room40-boss-la...
               | 
               | Listen to the V1 bomb sound in the clip on that page -
               | there's no surprise they're being referred to in
               | following works of fiction.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | Huh, that's neat. You can definitely see the influence of
               | that sound then following on into Inception which seemed
               | to really popularise it.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | It's always been around. In fact it's been very popular
               | in games like the Modern Warfare series, which have major
               | popular appeal.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | Those were definitely not a big deal (compared to now)
               | and were a very different game back in '05
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | That article kind of confuses a few different kinds of
               | sounds. Just because there's a staccato (
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9v-UpM9flY ) sound
               | happening doesn't mean it serves the same function. The
               | loud meme they're talking about is a loud horn meant to
               | overwhelm. The sound at 0:40 in the video is clearly a
               | meant to create suspense: it's an earlier trope in movies
               | and other media: scary staccato strings backed by all
               | sorts of random sybilant string sounds that create a
               | nervous atmosphere (like starting at 2:52 here https://yo
               | utu.be/_nVkHXTeiOg?list=PL7F72E09D4C28FECD&t=172 ). My
               | favourite use of these is in the Dead Space soundtrack.
               | Note that in the clip I linked you first get the sybilant
               | strings building nervous tension, then some overwhelming
               | loud bangs, but then at 3:50 you get slower sounds which
               | are not meant to overwhelm, just maintain a scary
               | atmosphere. You get both of those uses of sound in one
               | passage.
               | 
               | BTW, here's what the timbre of the "BRAM" sound is based
               | on for the most part:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32886196
        
             | UpstandingUser wrote:
             | > Pig
             | 
             | ...was terrible, I wanted more screentime with that
             | adorable pig...sorry Nic, you're in the shadow of a real
             | star...
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | Underrated tweet. I agree fully.
        
               | sph wrote:
               | Eh, I've seen worse films from him, and worse acclaimed
               | films this past couple years. In fact, 2 of the 6 movies
               | I've watched the past couple years have been with
               | Nicholas Cage, and I'm not even a fan of his.
               | 
               | I don't know if it's just me but cinema has become really
               | shit, unless you're into superhero movies. It's like
               | nothing matters any more to executives and moviegoers of
               | all ages than superheroes. Are we living in Idiocracy?
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | No, we're living in a world where piracy and exploded
               | budgets mean every movie needs to be a hit. One flop and
               | the studio is gone. So the studios produce movies that
               | are certain to be not flops, like the endless sequels,
               | and that will draw people to cinemas where there is no
               | piracy, which means impressive spectacles with
               | explosions.
        
               | whywhywhywhy wrote:
               | No one pirates anymore. That's such a tiny tiny minority
               | in a post Netflix world.
               | 
               | It's actually difficult to even do now the community is
               | so small.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | How will the studios ever deal with that given last years
               | excuse, that piracy actually increases sales!
        
               | tpxl wrote:
               | I'm sorry but piracy is not to blame for a 100 million
               | movie budget. I live in a small country and we're able to
               | produce very enjoyable films for far less than 10
               | million.
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | Pig is a great example because it essentially could have
               | been a student project. The only thing you really needed
               | was one good main actor, and who's to say a student of
               | art couldn't have done a good job just as well. The
               | location shots, the various scenes are all ultra low
               | budget.
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | I really want to see it.
               | 
               | I have decided it is the sequel to Color Out of Space,
               | which was, by far, the best alpaca-themed rendition of an
               | HP Lovecraft story at the time.
               | 
               | Also, the audio mix didn't really get in the way of that
               | one for me.
               | 
               | (It probably still is the best, but I'd love to be
               | corrected.)
        
         | brnt wrote:
         | Things are too god damn loud. I need to hear what people say,
         | the rest is sugar.
         | 
         | I avoid stuff without captions. Sorry, your shite is almost
         | certainly mixed horribly.
        
         | 83457 wrote:
         | I think some of it is surround sound that modern streaming and
         | televisions use without actual surround sound speakers. I've
         | found if a movie/show is in surround sound, changing audio to
         | non-surround sound helps a lot.
        
         | Seattle3503 wrote:
         | I also suspect the hardware they master for is not the hardware
         | most consumers have. My cheap soundbar isn't going to produce
         | the sounds they want, and im not going to hear dialog. But when
         | I visit a theater, I have no problems hearing the dialog.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | graton wrote:
         | Why I have been doing this to the movies I have:
         | ffmpeg-normalize -v --progress -c:a aac -b:a 768k -ar 48000 -t
         | -14 *mkv
         | 
         | To normalize the audio levels so that they don't get too loud
         | or too soft. Though I wouldn't use it if you have less than 64
         | kbit/second/track.
         | 
         | https://github.com/slhck/ffmpeg-normalize
        
         | mattnewton wrote:
         | Christopher Nolan is one of the biggest offenders in this
         | regard, often having barely audible dialog drowned out by music
         | or background noise by stylistic choice. I understand the
         | intent is to let it wash over you but I can't help but struggle
         | to understand and it ends up just making me feel frustrated and
         | taking me out of the film.
        
           | hindsightbias wrote:
           | Nolan is just trolling us, he knows we'll pay good money for
           | crap we can't understand or hear.
        
             | lo_zamoyski wrote:
             | If you can't hear it, you can't criticize it.
             | 
             | "But he said it with such an air of gravity..."
        
           | jamesbfb wrote:
           | I would have paid extra for subtitles when I saw Tenet at
           | IMAX. The audio mix made it extremely difficult to follow.
        
             | mackrevinack wrote:
             | watched it in imax the first time and i thought it sounded
             | terrible as well. watching at home with subtitles on the
             | second time around really helped clear up a few things.
             | 
             | it doesn't help that they also have masks on for most of
             | the movie, or they're having to talk over the sound of loud
             | speedboat, or the accents are foreign, either russian or
             | indian
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | The worst thing is that apparently the audio mix in Tenet
             | was intentional according to Nolan.
        
             | sschueller wrote:
             | In Switzerland every movie has German and French sub-
             | titles. Sadly you can't turn them off in the theater but
             | it's helpful id you can't understand what the actors are
             | mumbling.
        
               | harvey9 wrote:
               | Taking up a lot of screen space too?
               | 
               | Reminds me my dad said when he first moved abroad before
               | he learned the local language, everyone would read the
               | subtitles and laugh at the joke and then he couldn't hear
               | what they had just laughed at.
        
             | thelittleone wrote:
             | All I wanted after seeing Tenet was my time back.
        
               | phist_mcgee wrote:
               | And inverted you wants your time _forward_
        
               | ckw wrote:
               | I love Tenet, but it has the worst sound mix I've ever
               | heard.
        
               | PcChip wrote:
               | Try playing AC: Valhalla
        
               | cerved wrote:
               | Tenet is an accidental Christopher Nolan parody
        
           | JimiofEden wrote:
           | Invoking a pretty old video that still makes me smile to this
           | day: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ukMXA0SJaM
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | To be fair the consumer audio stack is crap in the average
         | home. I bet a CRT TV would be a big improvement in audio
         | quality compared to most flat screens on the market.
        
           | 41b696ef1113 wrote:
           | But shouldn't the product be created for the typical end user
           | and not the 1% of cinemaphiles with a blessed setup?
           | 
           | A pretty common complaint is that developers only test things
           | on their latest generation i9, with unlimited ram, and 8k
           | displays.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | What is the typical end user? Is it you with your TV? Me
             | with mine? My neighbor with their soundbar I can hear
             | through the walls? The guy on the train with his airpods?
             | There is no standard, its all over the place. You might as
             | well engineer so it sounds good when people actually care
             | enough to string together some half decent components than
             | to take a shot in the dark at building around some audio
             | spec that doesn't exist.
        
         | agilob wrote:
         | I observed this in The Walking Dead, in the first seasons I
         | could clearly hear the dialogue, but since 4-5 seasons I need
         | subtitles for everything. Zombie noises from 200m away are
         | louder than main characters speaking next to the camera.
        
         | ruuda wrote:
         | If you use MPV, you can pass it ffmpeg filters, and ffmpeg has
         | many ways of compressing the dynamic range. See [1] for the set
         | of audio filters. Here are the settings I use [2]. If you can't
         | run your video through ffmpeg, I guess you could run your audio
         | signal through a physical compressor if you use external
         | speakers, but that can get quite involved.
         | 
         | [1]: https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#acompressor [2]:
         | https://github.com/ruuda/dotfiles/blob/fff8d1d905767e85b57d7...
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | If you know a foreign language, an option that works is to
         | watch the dubbed version. I sometimes do this, especially for
         | action movies: the foreign dubbed version is often easier to
         | understand than the original english, because people doing the
         | dubbing want to be understood.
        
           | skydhash wrote:
           | French version are always so clear (friends and family watch
           | movies on laptop and phones). But I know enough English to
           | notice that the movement of the actor's mouth does not
           | correspond to the sound.
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | That's correct, but if the option is to read subtitles, I
             | prefer to listen to the translated version.
        
         | brabel wrote:
         | > The loud parts (including explosions and music) are too loud
         | for her...
         | 
         | Exact same problem at home... it was so bad on Interstellar
         | that after that movie, she never went to a cinema with me
         | again, or watched any movies together at all :(.
        
         | chubot wrote:
         | What kind of speakers do you have? Let me say that voices
         | become greatly more intelligible with traditional speakers with
         | a full midrange than modern speakers with exaggerated treble
         | and bass.
         | 
         | What may be happening is that your speakers have a scooped
         | profile, and audio mixes often have a scooped profile too. The
         | sound effects and music tend to be bass and treble heavy, so
         | you hear a lot of that.
         | 
         | But the lack of midrange means voices are hard to understand.
         | You need range that to distinguish vowels, etc
         | 
         | I don't understand how anyone can watch a movie with iPad or
         | iPhone speakers. They are missing the exact part of the
         | spectrum where important info in voices live. It's just painful
         | for me to pay attention with those speakers.
         | 
         | My parents were doing this, and I got them a simple Bluetooth
         | speaker with midrange, and they immediately noticed the
         | difference. Their faces lit up.
         | 
         | Judging by the comments here, it does seem there is a "double"
         | race to the bottom of more treble and bass -- on the audio mix
         | side and on the speaker side. So it's a compounding effect,
         | which would explain a lot. So the least you can do is get some
         | better speakers.
         | 
         | Or honestly if you have an EQ, you can just experiment with
         | turning up the midrange and the treble/bass down, although with
         | some speakers this will make things sound bad.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | Also I just skimmed the original article!! Isn't it obvious
         | that the problem is iPad and iPhone speakers ????
         | 
         | I see young people listening to MUSIC on these things and it
         | boggles my mind
         | 
         | They can't understand dialogue out of these crappy tinny
         | speakers, so they turned on closed captioning ?? Makes total
         | sense.
         | 
         | Or are they also using them with ear buds, which shouldn't have
         | the problem? I notice more people NOT using ear buds (annoying
         | people on the train), which makes me think the problem is the
         | speakers
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | If you have a 5.1 system, boost the center channel. That's
         | mainly dialog.
        
           | octobus2021 wrote:
           | I have a home theater (do they still call it that?) with 5.1,
           | 5 speakers and all that jazz. I tried everything but with
           | many movies (esp. all the superhero stuff) the only option is
           | to lower the volume and turn on the subtitles to be able to
           | follow the dialog. I wish there was an option to make the
           | loud parts less louder and quiet less quiet, but I couldn't't
           | find it (it's an older onkyo).
        
             | SuperQue wrote:
             | Dynamic Range Compression. Pretty much every HT system has
             | had it for 15+ years.
        
           | boltzmann-brain wrote:
           | That's actually close to another very important point. Most
           | movies come with a 5.1 mix nowadays, and people watch them on
           | a stereo system. Most players use a very simple formula when
           | converting 5.1 to stereo, something like say Lout = 1/2 Lin +
           | 1/3 SLin, Rout = 1/2 Rin + 1/3 SRin, and leave out the center
           | channel completely. This is also done inside of TVs etc. The
           | center channel gets dropped completely! And sometimes
           | dialogue is only in the center channel - not all of it, but
           | there are some lines every now and then that just only ever
           | come out of the center channel. Those are lost.
        
             | PcChip wrote:
             | Are you sure? I thought a lot of people were successfully
             | running "phantom centers" by just using L and R
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | If the information from the C channel is dropped, and the
               | speech information was only in C or for the most part in
               | C, it won't be in L+R, or it will be to some insufficient
               | extent because it'll get obscured by whatever else is
               | happening.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | This sounds too stupid to actually be true, but it also
             | seems to correspond to my experience. It makes me sad that
             | there's an engineer or produce designer out there,
             | anywhere, who would intentionally pull something like this.
             | It's sadistic. Why ruin your product?
        
               | boltzmann-brain wrote:
               | The issue is that most programmers think there's nothing
               | to know about the non-programming-related engineering
               | they're encoding into their programs. So we get crappy
               | audio, we get cars driving into bollards, delivery robots
               | driving over crime scenes, home automation destroying
               | houses, smart locks that can be picked without tools,
               | etc. People severely overestimate their knowledge of
               | what's going on, and underestimate how much complexity
               | there is to the phenomena they're dealing with.
        
           | leovander wrote:
           | I'm going to guess that most folks now-a-days go with a
           | single soundbar that acts as the whole sound system, maybe
           | there is still a center channel in the bar? Whether that be
           | for; price, small living space or a partner doesn't want
           | speakers around the world, its a convenient space saver that
           | sits under the TV, sight mostly unseen.
        
         | soulofmischief wrote:
         | Have you tried adjusting the dynamic range of your audio
         | system?
        
         | RetunToForever wrote:
         | Agreed, mixing at 'reference level', which is deafening, isn't
         | doing anyone any favours. Very few people have a home theatre
         | set at reference level when watching a film or show.
        
         | klyrs wrote:
         | > Sound engineers need to stop needlessly flexing all that
         | dynamic range that modern tools give them, and just produce a
         | watchable movie.
         | 
         | And not just sound engineers! So many TV shows these days are
         | filmed in nearly pitch black. If there are any lights on in the
         | room (or it's still bright on a northern summer night and the
         | living room doesn't have blackout curtains), I can't see the
         | action. At first I thought I was just being cranky and old, but
         | then we watched The Neverending Story with my kid and lo and
         | behold, they film in "dark scenes" with torches etc so you can
         | still see the actors well enough to read their lips! I'm sure
         | it would be fine if I was watching it in a proper theater, but
         | it's a frikkin TV show and who even goes to the cinema anymore?
        
         | mihaaly wrote:
         | Exactly!!
         | 
         | Things became worse in the past 10 or something years (I am a
         | 40 something btw.). As the article states we used subtitles in
         | movies to learn language and to understand thick accent.
         | However throughout time while we got better and better in
         | comprehension the use of subtitles remained the same in
         | overall. But very uneven too.
         | 
         | Old movies (not yet seen) and movies for children are never a
         | problem. Also some properly made movies. The atmosphere and
         | sound effects are fine as well as the dialogs.
         | 
         | But it became too much of a trend to make muttery a mushy
         | dialogs where people seemingly unable to articulate. To the
         | level never heard in real life (where muttering may be more
         | common due to the more causal and mood or situation affected
         | nature of conversations, unlike the carefully created and
         | heavily controlled ones in movies). Also it is uneven. Some
         | movies are still fine, but others (perhaps the newest Batman
         | comes to mind, unsure, forgot that movie mostly, being so
         | obscure) are a struggle, not fun at all. Aggrevated by the loud
         | bangs and muttery dialog combo.
         | 
         | A sign that this is a systematic and intentionally manufactured
         | problem, that sound engineers and directors lost their touch
         | completely, is the existence of a feature in the newest Apple
         | TV for equalizing the sound level in a movie. Streaming
         | hardware manufacturers had to come up with solution to correct
         | what sound engineers ruined or unable to get right nowadays.
         | 
         | Older movies are almost never a problem. New movies are in an
         | uncomfortable amount.
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | Well the whole industry flips burgers in order to serve
           | caviar on the side. The business is the burger. Great
           | actresses are burger flippers, box office, dude critics are
           | 1000 tickets that's it.
        
             | elteto wrote:
             | I wish I could turn subtitles on for this comment. I have
             | no idea what you are saying.
        
               | alvah wrote:
               | The account you replied to replied to a comment of mine
               | on another thread with a weird word salad. It was
               | suggested to me that said account may be a bot...
        
               | moistly wrote:
               | I'm convinced they're not a bot. I believe they're either
               | deliberately engaged in "artistically" expressing
               | themselves, or have mental health issues of the
               | schizophrenic variety.
               | 
               | https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/brainspotting/2
               | 022...
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | Yeah pretty much. Am in fact expressing myself in a very
               | "flowery" manner, artistically. I'm elevating the HN
               | comment to an artform. I actually was thought to be
               | schizophrenic by doctors once upon a time. Diagnosed
               | secretly. Then they walked back on the diagnosis.
               | Rescinded. I still get treated for it, because you don't
               | need to stop taking the medication for it if you don't
               | want to. Loophole.
               | 
               | I wouldn't say mental health issues, either. I pay a lot
               | for psychiatry and get my money's worth, have a handle on
               | it, pretty good patient according to many doctors. Often
               | the favorite. Alpha in the psych ward always, alpha in
               | rehab. Hey somebody gets dealt this hand, what if he
               | plays his cards right?
               | 
               | What if he pulls off checkmates?
        
               | usefulcat wrote:
               | Particular comments maybe, but probably not the account
               | as a whole since it dates from 2007
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | SUBTITLES: The film industry makes high art as well as
               | common fare. The high art is what the artists want to
               | make and enjoy but it has a very small market. The common
               | fare is what pays the bills, because it sells like 100x
               | more tickets than high art. High art = caviar,
               | Shakespeare "caviar for the general" whereas common fare
               | is hamburgers, flipping burgers, which is a real
               | business, many more servings of hamburgers than caviar.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | There plenty of films made by very creative film makers
               | that had plenty of artistic freedom, but still have muddy
               | dialogue so I don't see how any of that is relevant to
               | the particular issue.
        
               | elteto wrote:
               | Thank you.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | You're welcome elteto, all the way.
               | 
               | I have little idea when I cannot be understood, and it
               | helps me to know when I do in fact communicate plainly.
        
               | moistly wrote:
               | You too-frequently convey your ideas through the use of
               | obscure metaphor and convoluted sentence structure. Yet
               | you clearly know how to write plainly, as you just
               | demonstrated in your subsequent replies.
               | 
               | It is odd that you apparently wish to be understood, but
               | more often than not choose opacity instead of clarity.
               | Which is a bit of a shame, because if a person makes the
               | effort to decipher your posts, they often do say
               | something meaningful or insightful.
               | 
               | But others also have insights and useful information, and
               | are much, much easier to understand; given this
               | competition, of course your illucid rambling is skipped
               | and downvoted.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | OK I'll step up my game. Very constructive actionable
               | advice, thanks.
        
               | mihaaly wrote:
               | Sounds like a parallel topic to the poor sound mixing
               | trouble to me. High art existed before muffled
               | conversations mixed with loud sound effects or music.
               | Also high art can coexist with balanced sound and
               | articulate conversation. Or balanced sound can be used
               | for 'burger' movies for their benefit.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | Well back then just making a movie was cool, now you
               | gotta make it better, use all the technology available,
               | leave nothing on the table. They're trying to impress
               | each other, stedda making good movies everybody can
               | enjoy.
        
           | strunz wrote:
           | I use that feature on Apple TV (normalize audio levels) and
           | it's STILL too dramatic for watching unless you want to wake
           | everyone in the house up. I have a 5.1 setup with the center
           | channel even increased (to try and boost talking) and I still
           | have to play the volume game at times.
        
             | mihaaly wrote:
             | Admittedly it is not solving all cases but for me it helps
             | in seveal case. We have a simple stereo configuration
             | though.
        
         | odiroot wrote:
         | It seems having a compressor stage in TVs would be a good idea.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | Don't forget watching on tiny laptop speakers, cheap earbuds,
         | or little bluetooth speakers. Even older movies are an issue
         | when the sound quality isn't good.
        
         | bowsamic wrote:
         | My wife is also very sensitive to loud or harsh sounds and we
         | have to do a similar thing. Sometimes I set up a compressor in
         | VLC, but it's a pain to get the settings right. Really we need
         | something more like a limiter but I don't think VLC has that.
         | It's not very fun to watch a movie on the TV nowadays
        
         | donclark wrote:
         | Why do our devices not have an option to normalize audio (or
         | something along those lines)?
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | A lot of devices do have this option, but it's buried in the
           | menus and it isn't always the best quality.
        
             | donclark wrote:
             | Thank you for inspiring me to dig around.
             | 
             | However, the only thing I found for Android was:
             | 
             | ViPER4Android FX For Android 12 & 13 (rooted only?)
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOeNGy-xhxs
             | 
             | https://www.xda-developers.com/viper4android-v2-7-new-ui-
             | pro...
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Oh, I don't think there's one for android or iOS, but
               | most TVs have this setting.
               | 
               | My computer audio driver has one also.
        
         | boredhedgehog wrote:
         | You accurately diagnose symptoms, but you blame the wrong
         | people. Engineers and actors don't make creative choices, they
         | merely obey directors and producers.
        
         | octobus2021 wrote:
         | I'm very much outside of the age range mentioned in the article
         | but +100 for crappy audio mixing.
         | 
         | When my family was going through all the Marvel movies at first
         | I tried to control the volume by making it higher during the
         | dialog and lower during the battles etc but it was an exercise
         | in futility, as I'm only human and there would be some delay in
         | volume change and we would still miss what the guy/gal said or
         | my house would start noticeably shaking from the unexpected
         | explosion happening during a scene where a guy was intensely
         | whispering his rescue plan to his compatriots or whatever. Plus
         | it started feeling like I'm working instead of enjoying the
         | movie. So lower volume and subtitles it is.
         | 
         | I have home theater with 5.2 and 5 speakers, all it does is
         | that when stuff in the movie goes boom my house starts to
         | shake.
        
           | lttlrck wrote:
           | Have you tried night mode? It compresses the dynamic range.
        
             | Upgrayyed_U wrote:
             | The problem with night mode is that it compresses the
             | dynamic range of the audio which undermines one of the main
             | benefits of having a home theater system. It's a poor
             | compromise for bad audio mixing.
        
               | wcoenen wrote:
               | Manually turning the volume up and down is literally
               | compressing the dynamic range; that's the goal here.
        
               | bhj wrote:
               | Most home theater systems are in a home where the noise
               | floor is significantly higher than a theater, which the
               | audio mix was targeting. Dynamic range compression is
               | often appropriate and when applied correctly improves the
               | experience in homes.
        
           | egman_ekki wrote:
           | When I had a 5.1 setup, I had the center channel volume set
           | higher than the side/rear channels and it made speech
           | understandable while explosions weren't overpowering. Maybe
           | the receiver you have allows the same?
        
             | nabakin wrote:
             | I do this too. It works decently as long as the media
             | supports 5.1
        
           | Aaargh20318 wrote:
           | > when stuff in the movie goes boom my house starts to shake.
           | 
           | That's how it's supposed to sound. Explosions _are_ loud.
           | 
           | This is not a problem with the source material, it's a
           | problem with the setup of the playback equipment. The source
           | contains all the original data, it's the playback equipment's
           | job to render that information in the appropriate way
           | considering the space and circumstances where it's played.
           | 
           | The 'problem' is that the sound is mixed to a cinema-level
           | dynamic range. If you don't want the full dynamic range you
           | can compress it at playback. They store it at the full range
           | since you can't exactly un-compress it and the exact amount
           | of compression depends on your setup and situation anyway.
           | 
           | Any half-decent A/V receiver has this capability. If your
           | receiver has Audyssey you may want to look into the "dynamic
           | eq" and "dynamic volume" settings.
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | Apple TV had to introduce a feature that makes exactly that
           | for you. Apparently this problem is that systematic. Movie
           | makers ruin sound that the streamer device have to correct.
           | 
           | (https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/tv/atvba773c3c9/tvos>
           | "Reduce Loud Sounds")
        
             | Aaargh20318 wrote:
             | > Movie makers ruin sound that the streamer device have to
             | correct.
             | 
             | It's not the movie maker's job to adjust the sound to your
             | particular environment and taste. That is the job of the
             | playback equipment and the person configuring it. The movie
             | should be, and is, stored at the highest fidelity and with
             | as much information as possible. This includes the original
             | intended dynamic range. If your situation or taste calls
             | for a smaller dynamic range you can easily adjust that at
             | playback.
             | 
             | You can hardly expect movies to include hundreds of
             | different soundtracks to cover all possible playback
             | scenarios.
        
         | squarefoot wrote:
         | That difference in loudness between voice and effects happens
         | often when the stereo material is derived by a badly mixed down
         | 5+1 material. Having control of the 6 channels levels before
         | mixdown may help to eliminate it, otherwise some sort of
         | compression/limiting is necessary. Many TVs have the option to
         | set the audio output level to automatic, which doesn't mean the
         | volume can't be changed but that around a given volume the
         | dynamics are less extreme so that faint sounds are amplified
         | and loud ones are attenuated.
        
         | gareth_untether wrote:
         | You could get an audio limiter. Would mean a bunch of
         | additional hardware though.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | I know Sonos are not loved here, and other companies probably
         | do it too, but Sonos sound bars allow you to enhance speech and
         | also go into night mode. Night mode reduces the dynamic range -
         | louder quiet bits and quieter loud bits.
         | 
         | I like the tv on quietly relative to other people I know, and
         | continually messing with the volume is tedious.
        
         | lathiat wrote:
         | Having an audio receiver and cranking the centre channel helped
         | a lot for me.
         | 
         | Turns out I'm also half deaf in one ear.
         | 
         | Anyway I'd recommend both a centre channel with adjustable
         | volume and a hearing test.
        
         | atmosx wrote:
         | I thought it was my tv having completely broken audio... Or the
         | broadcaster. I noticed that, the volume goes up when
         | commercials kick in, but also explosions, shootings, etc. the
         | volume has to be adjusted every 5 minutes and we are watching
         | 90% of content with captions on since I can remember...
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | The volume doesn't go up, it goes down when adverts kick in.
           | The peak level is slightly lower than programme material.
           | 
           | The difference is that adverts are very heavily compressed so
           | the quiet bits are much much louder making the whole thing
           | seem loud.
        
         | TakeBlaster16 wrote:
         | Whenever I'm watching a modern movie, sticking a compressor on
         | the audio is a must. Open VLC settings, search for
         | "compressor". It's programmer UI, but it does exactly what it
         | says.
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | I assume "compressor" here means dynamic range compressor and
           | not quality compressor?
        
             | TakeBlaster16 wrote:
             | Yes. Unfortunate overloaded jargon.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_range_compression
             | 
             | It reduces variation in volume, so you can hear the quiet
             | parts without having your ears blown out by explosions or
             | gunfire
        
         | Semaphor wrote:
         | > Actors need to go do some stage acting and learn how to e n u
         | n c i a t e and project their voices.
         | 
         | Watch some German shows (notably: Not Netflix's Dark as that
         | was untypical, I mean actually produced for the German market
         | shows). It's horrible. Everything sounds super fake. Yes,
         | everything is easy to understand, but I (a German) can't watch
         | anything because nothing sounds real.
         | 
         | It's usually claimed this is because German actors do more
         | stage acting, but as Dark (or other German actors in US
         | productions where they don't sound fake) show, it goes much
         | deeper.
        
           | bowsamic wrote:
           | I live in Germany and honestly it just seems to me from
           | speaking to Germans that they have the worst mixture of a
           | lack of sense of quality and also an uncaring-ness/sense of
           | futility about it. I think it is kind of like the "poor
           | service at restaurants" thing. It is a negative point that
           | has become accepted and almost expected by Germans, so there
           | is literally no desire to change it, which would take a lot
           | of effort for very little gain.
           | 
           | Tangentially, it also reminds me of going back to the UK last
           | week to visit a conference. The trains were just so much
           | different to those in Germany, even the crappy "Stansted
           | Express", those here in Germany feel very utilitarian and
           | unfriendly (particularly the Deutsche Bahn "Bombardier
           | Double-deck Coach") while in the UK similarly priced train
           | services are more explicitly friendly and caring in their
           | design.
           | 
           | I do think it is a systematic or cultural "problem", but also
           | it's kind of one of the things I like about Germany. The
           | emphasis is on things that are completely tangible to
           | everyone rather than more removed concerns like aesthetics
           | and friendliness. And, I think this bleeds into the cultural
           | arts too. I have noticed the same thing with a lot of popular
           | German music too. It just lacks the sense of "coolness" that
           | there is in other countries, and feels almost like an cringey
           | imitation of other countries popular music
        
             | Tainnor wrote:
             | I don't think anyone can reasonably dispute that Germans
             | don't value great customer service much -
             | 
             | but it's ridiculous to claim that the culture that produced
             | Goethe, Schiller and, to a large part, the Romantic era
             | doesn't value aesthetics.
             | 
             | I think that most "popular" (i.e. charts-topping) German
             | music is rather bland, but I feel the same about chart hits
             | from other countries. Meanwhile there is some German music
             | that is really good - though of course whether you'll like
             | what I like will depend on your taste.
        
             | _dain_ wrote:
             | >Tangentially, it also reminds me of going back to the UK
             | last week to visit a conference. The trains were just so
             | much different to those in Germany, even the crappy
             | "Stansted Express", those here in Germany feel very
             | utilitarian and unfriendly (particularly the Deutsche Bahn
             | "Bombardier Double-deck Coach") while in the UK similarly
             | priced train services are more explicitly friendly and
             | caring in their design.
             | 
             | The friendliest thing a train can do is bloody show up on
             | time, which National Rail seems to have had a problem with
             | lately.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | To be fair, that's not exactly what German trains are
               | known for either :D
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | Honestly, I disagree with pretty much everything you said.
             | I don't feel like I get poor service, trains aren't
             | designed unfriendly, and we certainly shouldn't strive to
             | make things less functional for some feeling of kindness.
             | 
             | Can't talk about popular German music, as I don't listen to
             | that or to other popular music.
        
               | bowsamic wrote:
               | Have you spent much times in other countries? I just
               | spent a week in the UK with a German who had culture
               | shock that strangers were actually talking to each other,
               | that waiters called him "sir", and that the trains were
               | so high-tech.
               | 
               | Mainly I find that Germans who disagree with these things
               | have not lived in other countries, and those that do
               | immediately agree.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | Yeah, you prefer the forced fake-friendlyness of anglo
               | countries, most of us actually do not want that. And yes,
               | I have lived in other countries.
        
               | bowsamic wrote:
               | The fact that you think the friendliness of people in
               | anglo countries is fake is very sad...
               | 
               | EDIT: trust me the banter between two strangers chatting
               | in the UK is not fake. We are not americans. We are
               | simply willing to talk to people we don't know. Germans
               | do not do this. Isolating yourself from strangers is not
               | something to be proud of.
        
         | LVB wrote:
         | 10 years after I bought some pairs of wireless headphones to
         | avoid waking our newborn baby while watching a movie, they
         | still get daily use for exactly this reason. Having the drivers
         | right by our ears with individual volume controls gives us each
         | the best audio, but it is unfortunate we need to resort to it.
        
         | ManuelKiessling wrote:
         | I feel you. I solved it by adding a pair of HomePods to my
         | Samsung-TV-plus-Apple-TV setup. This makes voices much better
         | to understand.
        
         | hardwaregeek wrote:
         | There's a lot of podcasts with egregiously bad audio mixing.
         | Which...c'mon guys it's a podcast. You should get that right.
         | I've wondered if there's a way to use an algorithm to make
         | people's voices a little easier to understand, like slightly
         | exaggerating consonants or something.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | Shout out to the ex-Cracked podcasts; a lot of those people
           | -- presumably because of their experience with being part of
           | actual productions -- have sound engineers for their
           | podcasts.
        
         | ei8ths wrote:
         | We do the same thing, loud noises, quiet dialogues and im
         | constantly adjusting the sound. I've tried the audio settings
         | where you can normalize or do night mode, it just doesn't work
         | well. I have kids trying to sleep. We recently started hooking
         | up a bluetooth speaker that sits between us and on loud scenes
         | we just flip it down into the couch. We both try to work on
         | stuff while watching so subtitles isn't something we can just
         | turn on.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | My old AV receiver had a "night mode" (I believe it was called)
         | that did some really great, natural-sounding dynamic range
         | compression. I ended up just keeping it on all the time, for
         | the reasons the parent lists. Alas, the entire unit stopped
         | working several years ago, and I learned it would cost more to
         | repair it than replace it... and I didn't do great research
         | when buying its replacement, so "night mode" is no more.
        
         | nickcw wrote:
         | I don't think this is a new phenomenon. It annoyed my Dad so
         | much in the 1980s that he build an audio compressor for the TV
         | which quietened the loud parts and amplified the quiet parts.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | I know I'm in the minority here, but let me explain why it's
         | not terrible audio mixes or bad actors.
         | 
         | The overall trend in TV and movies has been towards greater
         | _realism_ in all aspects. Less stage-audience sitcoms, more
         | single-cam. Less  "look at this actor" and more "look at this
         | real person".
         | 
         | Actors aren't mumbling, they're speaking how real people speak.
         | Trust me, screen actors have more stage training than ever --
         | they _know_ how to enunciate but if they do, the director tells
         | them to stop because they seem like they 're giving a fake
         | theatrical performance rather than being a slice of real life.
         | 
         | And because more and more people have huge TV's with great
         | contrast, 5.1 surround systems, or are watching with AirPods
         | with spatial audio... TV is becoming more film-like both in
         | range of brightness and loudness. For many people (like myself)
         | this is a godsend. It's like I'm at the cinema every time I
         | watch an hour-long drama. It's amazing.
         | 
         | We could go back to low-contrast everything and overly
         | enunciated actors, the way sitcom TV was, designed for small
         | screens and terrible speakers. But that just feels so...
         | backwards and limited and fake.
         | 
         | HOWEVER, I do firmly believe that modern TV content _should_ be
         | made more accessible, and that it 's high time to build
         | adjustable "end-user compression" into all TV's and video
         | players. Let the _user_ apply automatic volume equalization so
         | quiet parts are just as loud as the loud parts when you 're
         | watching TV in your living room with lots of activity around.
         | (And with 5.1 signals, you can even always keep dialog louder
         | than sound effects and music.) And brightness equalization so
         | you can see what's happening in the dark scenes of _Game of
         | Thrones_ when you 're in a sunlit room.
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | I don't watch a movie to get confused as I may in real life.
           | The director is confused if they don't understand the
           | fundamental rules of cinema - speak clearly and face the
           | camera.
           | 
           | No matter the size of the screen, bad acting is bad.
        
             | jessaustin wrote:
             | _...fundamental rules of cinema..._
             | 
             | This is a matter of taste. Does anyone really expect to
             | enjoy every movie?
             | 
             | I love subtitles, but I accept that not everyone is
             | comfortable using them.
        
               | JoeAltmaier wrote:
               | The subject was about how it's all going to the dogs. So
               | no, not every movie. But _some movies_
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | The wonderful thing about having old-fashioned tastes in
               | cinema is that there are already thousands of old-
               | fashioned films available to watch. b^)
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | > _the fundamental rules of cinema - speak clearly and face
             | the camera_
             | 
             | You're literally describing the fundamental rules of
             | cinema... in the 1940's. Back in the studio system, that
             | was exactly with they did, so clearly they even used a fake
             | "transatlantic accent" with heightened enunciation to do
             | it.
             | 
             | And these rules (minus the accent) are still followed to a
             | large degree in middlebrow TV fare like what you watch on
             | ABC or the CW Network. It's also more present in comedies.
             | 
             | But if you're watching a prestige drama on HBO or Netflix?
             | If you're watching _The Wire_ or _Succession_? If a drug
             | dealer or cop suddenly starts speaking clearly and facing
             | the camera, all believability is instantly shattered.
             | 
             | Your rules for "bad acting" are outdated by about seven
             | decades. In fact, "method acting" in the 1950's was
             | precisely a reaction to the stilted "speak clearly and face
             | the camera" acting of the 1940's. By your standard, Marlon
             | Brando would be a bad actor, since "speak clearly and face
             | the camera" is the polar opposite of what he did.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | > Actors aren't mumbling, they're speaking how real people
           | speak. Trust me, screen actors have more stage training than
           | ever -- they know how to enunciate but if they do, the
           | director tells them to stop because they seem like they're
           | giving a fake theatrical performance rather than being a
           | slice of real life.
           | 
           | But if it translates into me not being able to understand
           | them, that's _less_ realistic, because in a real-world
           | scenario I'd be able to understand them, since our ears are
           | adapted for the real world. A real world slurrer is about as
           | easy to understand as an enunciator through movie speakers --
           | at least, with how the meth-addled mixers do it now.
           | 
           | Bottom line: speech being incomprehensible is _not_
           | realistic, and is not accomplishing some wonderfully artistic
           | gritty realism.
           | 
           | Edit: To put it a different way: they may be speaking the way
           | real people speak, but once you put it through a speaker, it
           | will translate into something less comprehensible than that
           | speech would be in a real-world scenario, and thus less true
           | to how that situation would be in real life.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | To the contrary, it _is_ realistic -- no, you wouldn 't
             | understand them in real-life either. Movie speakers aren't
             | slurring anything, as any audio engineer could easily prove
             | to you.
             | 
             | My mother complains about how she can't understand anything
             | when there are Irish or Scottish or even northern English
             | characters in a show.
             | 
             | Decades ago, in an American TV show those characters would
             | have been speaking an understandable American accent with
             | just a few accent "suggestions" to indicate they were
             | "foreign".
             | 
             | Today, it's considered absurd if they speak in anything
             | else but their actual full accent.
             | 
             | It's realism. My mother can't understand it and has to use
             | subtitles. I understand it all perfectly, but I've traveled
             | a lot and learned other languages.
             | 
             | But that's what subtitles are there for. And not all
             | TV/film has to be culturally accessible to everybody, with
             | fake ways of speaking.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | >To the contrary, it is realistic -- no, you wouldn't
               | understand them in real-life either.
               | 
               | Yes, I absolutely would, because, in practice, people
               | speak in a way that others can understand them, or else
               | they have to quickly adapt. (If they're not
               | comprehensible, there will be a contextual reason why.)
               | 
               | >Movie speakers aren't slurring anything, as any audio
               | engineer could easily prove to you.
               | 
               | That wasn't what I was saying. My point was that
               | conveying sound through speakers has _inherent_
               | differences from a person actually being there, and our
               | ears /auditory processing are optimized for the latter,
               | taking advantage of things that aren't present with
               | speakers. So playing "the same" speech is going to be
               | inherently less comprehensible, requiring some kind of
               | compensation.
               | 
               | These brilliant sound engineers, as judged by actual
               | audiences, are turning comprensible speech-situations
               | into incomprensible ones, some way or another.
               | 
               | >My mother complains about how she can't understand
               | anything when there are Irish or Scottish or even
               | northern English characters in a show.
               | 
               | That's a separate issue, whern there are genuine cultural
               | differences with between the listener and the situation.
               | That's not what's happening in Tenet.
               | 
               | > But that's what subtitles are there for.
               | 
               | No, it's not. Most sound engineers would consider it a
               | failure if someone had to use subtitles for their own
               | dialect, and most cinemaphiles consider the presence of
               | subtitles to be a failure in itself, and everyone agrees
               | that having to read off the screen to follow worsens the
               | experience.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | I don't know what to tell you... but in real life people
               | misunderstand each other _all the time_. And don 't
               | adjust.
               | 
               | Listening to dialog in a movie theater is generally
               | crystal clear in terms of audio engineering, coming from
               | dedicated center speakers with very little audio
               | artifacts due to the space. Directional sound waves are
               | directional sound waves, and no there's nothing our ears
               | are optimized for that isn't reproduced by speakers, for
               | dialog coming from a few feet or more away. Muddiness is
               | introduced when downmixed into stereo on crappy TV
               | speakers in living rooms with a lot of sonic reflection
               | from hard surfaces. If you listen with spatial audio
               | AirPods with noise cancellation, for example, you'll get
               | something much clearer akin to a theater experience.
               | 
               | My point is that subtitles help people who have trouble
               | understanding similar dialog in real life, or in bad
               | acoustics. It's an accessibility option.
               | 
               | When I listen to content with my AirPods, I never need
               | subtitles at all. The audio is perfect. When I watch a
               | movie in a friend's living room with kids running around,
               | we absolutely put on subtitles. Because it's a terrible
               | audio environment. So it all works out.
        
           | isleyaardvark wrote:
           | I'm sorry but that is just not true. That kind of
           | naturalistic acting has been the dominant trend in movies
           | since Brando. TV may have been more stage like but definitely
           | not movies.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | You're right that it started with Brando and has only come
             | more recently to TV in past decades. But I don't think I
             | said anything to the contrary. I even said "TV is becoming
             | more film-like".
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | You've got this backwards. Overly compressed dynamics are far
         | more common than "excessive" dynamics. It's definitely not a
         | case of sound engineers needlessly flexing.
         | 
         | Your receiver will have a dynamic compression feature of some
         | sort. Make sure that's maxed and it'll help. But frankly, an
         | action movie isn't supposed to have explosions at the same
         | sound level as dialog.
        
         | qwertox wrote:
         | This is why I sometimes choose the German-dubbed version of a
         | movie, even though I prefer the original one in English. They
         | either mumble that it's hard to understand, or have an accent,
         | or it's just a bad mix there the dialog is disturbed by noises.
         | Dubbing reduces those noises ans removes the mumbling and the
         | accents.
        
         | wildrhythms wrote:
         | I always thought it's the same problem as modern web design:
         | razor thin fonts, "stylistically" low contrast ratios,
         | hieroglyphic icons that don't show properly low resolution
         | screens, slow loading times... because the designers and
         | developers that made the thing are using maxxed-spec iMacs with
         | 5k IPS color-accurate displays, so they never experience the
         | "real world usage". I imagine the sound engineers have the
         | "maxxed-spec" equivalent mixing studio, and the directors
         | imagine everyone will experience the film in a theater or in a
         | home theater, and not on the built-in Hisense TV speakers from
         | across their living room.
        
           | xerox13ster wrote:
           | When I was working at a transcription company I had to build
           | my test kit with spare parts from the Bin. The Bin was full
           | of old discard parts, early Celeron and Pentium machines with
           | PS/2 KB/M.
           | 
           | Everything had to compile and run on that machine before I
           | could ship builds to any of our transcriptionists. Our
           | website needed to be able to load on it and so on.
           | 
           | What you say rings true, sound engineers are also mixing
           | audio at 24 bits uncompressed, and while DVDs and Blu-Ray
           | have the ability to play it back, I doubt the streaming
           | services are sending it in full bit depth and also that most
           | people buy hardware capable of decoding it if they did.
        
         | snarfy wrote:
         | > Sound engineers need to stop needlessly flexing all that
         | dynamic range that modern tools give them
         | 
         | Most of this is a result of surround sound and people not
         | setting it up. There are two main speakers, a center speaker,
         | and various surround speakers depending on the setup.
         | 
         | Dialog is primarily mixed to come out of the center speaker. If
         | you turn the center volume up and the main speakers down you
         | can fix the problem where explosions/music are too loud but
         | dialog is too quiet.
        
         | socraticmethod wrote:
         | >Sound engineers need to stop needlessly flexing all that
         | dynamic range that modern tools give them, and just produce a
         | watchable movie.
         | 
         | Audio component manufacturers have actually responded to this
         | tendency by adding in-line compressors to the audio channels
         | that can be enabled/disabled. Sometimes this is labelled as the
         | "Dynamic Range" feature in AV systems. Essentially it squashes
         | the loudest sounds, which in turn brings up the average volume
         | of the quietest sounds, thus evening the overall volume and
         | allowing for a single volume setting to be used throughout the
         | movie.
        
         | copperx wrote:
         | > Sound engineers need to stop needlessly flexing all that
         | dynamic range that modern tools give them, and just produce a
         | watchable movie. Actors need to go do some stage acting and
         | learn how to e n u n c i a t e and project their voices.
         | 
         | I am all for a ruthless dialog loudness war, like the loudness
         | war in the 1990s-2010s.
        
         | Bancakes wrote:
         | There seems to be a wave of naturalistic acting in TV series
         | nowadays. Actors who simply play out the script verbatim as if
         | in pre-premiere. No idea when this started. I'm thinking of the
         | new she-hulk series.
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | While we are teaching actors to enunciate can we do the same
         | with musicians? When I listen to music in German, I can almost
         | completely understand it despite speaking German at a
         | kindergarten level. When I listen to music in English, despite
         | being fluent, it is almost impossible to discern the lyrics
         | they are mumbling.
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | This! I came to the US when I was 14. I thought everyone
           | understood Sting but me...
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | I suspect that a large part of this problem is Autotune.
           | Singers need no training to hit the right pitches anymore, so
           | they receive no training at all for any of the other skills
           | as well.
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | Glottal stops.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | Try listening to Boss Hoss sometime.
           | 
           | (German band, lots of English language covers with "wait
           | THAT'S why they're saying?!?" moments.)
        
           | missblit wrote:
           | Weird Al said it best:
           | 
           | > It's hard to bargle nawdle zouss with all these marbles in
           | my mouth.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | Honestly I've often thought that many songs are only popular
           | _because_ you can 't really understand the (trivial, vulgar,
           | gross) lyrics.
        
         | weinzierl wrote:
         | > _" The loud parts (including explosions and music) are too
         | loud for her, so we have to turn the volume down during those
         | parts, but the dialog is too quiet [..]"_
         | 
         | On YouTube the ads are the explosions. Ads are so loud compared
         | to the regular videos that I often just turn the volume down
         | and the captions on.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | I wish YouTube could fix this. As my playlist goes from video
         | to video, channel to channel, the volume is all over the damn
         | place.
        
           | dghughes wrote:
           | I seem to have a Youtube feature of CC in a random language.
        
       | unity1001 wrote:
       | Also probably because reading something is much faster than
       | listening it. It takes just a second to visually read a sentence
       | that is on the screen, instead of waiting for 2-3 seconds for the
       | actor to actually say it out loud. Probably because we humans
       | recognize words and word groups instead of letters (as how that
       | Oxford study a few years back found out), and that's much faster.
        
         | jostylr wrote:
         | I'd be curious to know how many speed up the videos versus cc
         | it. I know I prefer most videos at faster speeds unless there
         | is a lot of music in it. But cc'ing it with faster speeds is
         | difficult.
         | 
         | As a side note, I think the Rings of Power would be way more
         | enjoyable if I could just 2x it. Kind of hoping someone here
         | will say "You can do that, just ..."
        
           | jqgatsby wrote:
           | I think there will be a trend of content being made
           | specifically with a faster playback speed in mind. I watch my
           | 10 year old son who habitually watches videos at 2x and I
           | can't believe that its not the same for many other kids.
        
       | tom_ wrote:
       | I did this when I was 20-something too. A while ago now, as I am
       | 45.
       | 
       | UK TV back then had subtitles on teletext page 888. (And maybe it
       | still does? I don't watch TV any more.) My flatmates and I would
       | always switch this on when watching TV, as it meant we could
       | talk, while still being able to keep track of what was going on
       | in the programme.
        
       | happytoexplain wrote:
       | At first I assumed this was just going to be the writer being out
       | of touch. Of course young people use subtitles. They're
       | distracting and frequently ugly, but modern movies/shows have
       | awful audio mixing, forcing you to turn it down, and
       | mumbling/whispering dialogue. And we frequently watch things in
       | environments where we don't want sound or headphones, e.g. TikTok
       | or whatever in public or at night (and also, since these
       | platforms start playback automatically, you'd otherwise miss
       | something). And of course, we watch things that aren't in
       | English.
       | 
       | But then I read all the accounts of people who can't explain why
       | they turn on subtitles, aside from "I just like it" or "I'm just
       | used to it", and I just... I feel confused, angry. I AM the out
       | of touch old person.
        
       | zengief wrote:
       | A new hearing loss modality seems to be gaining traction --
       | "hidden" hearing loss. A core symptom is difficulty parsing
       | speech in noisy environments. Caused by repeated exposure to loud
       | noises. Don't know if folks around here are going clubbing much
       | but I'm under the impression that it's gotten way louder
       | recently. Live music as a whole is pretty popular these days.
       | 
       | Apparently most who have it don't have the classic symptoms:
       | tinnitus or hearing loss picked up at the audiologist's office.
        
         | troad wrote:
         | I definitely have this. My friends can usually understand one
         | another shouting in a moderately loud bar; I can't understand
         | them at all.
         | 
         | I don't know if it's technically hearing loss though; I feel
         | like I can hear the noises my friends are making, I just can't
         | segregate them from the background noise enough to parse the
         | former as speech.
        
           | KineticLensman wrote:
           | I wear hearing aids for moderate hearing loss. They are
           | optimised for picking out speech from the background sounds
           | and in the open air or rooms that have good acoustics my
           | comprehension can be better than people with notionally
           | better hearing. But some sounds are very effective jammers
           | for hearing aids, notably running water, boiling kettles and,
           | unfortunately, the ambient noises in typical restaurants.
        
       | novok wrote:
       | For how popular this is, streaming providers and major video
       | websites like youtube sure phone it in with subtitle placement.
       | They could do basic shit, like force the subtitles to be within
       | the black bars as much as possible with some basic algorithmic
       | programming, or just spend one person day laying out the
       | subtitles better or just approach an iota of the effort that most
       | fansub groups do.
        
       | charlieyu1 wrote:
       | AI caption sucks, not closed to the real captions.
       | 
       | Is a 38 years old who watched anime since at least 20 years ago.
       | There were people who delicates into translating new anime
       | episodes with captions every week. The best teams have it done
       | within 3 hours after the episode is aired in Japan.
        
       | knorker wrote:
       | being on the wrong side of 40 the CC was to me always available.
       | I always hated them.
       | 
       | So now I hate it double. Either can't understand dialog, or need
       | obnoxious un-immersive subtitles turned on.
       | 
       | So most of the time watching I have to have make an effort to my
       | eyes stay away from the bottom part of the screen, only to "check
       | the cheat sheet" when they start mumbling or ruin the movie with
       | terrible mixing.
       | 
       | It's not the viewer. It's the content.
       | 
       | It seems like most content now. Tenet is just the parody of it,
       | ironically parodying before most of the phenomenon had bloomed.
        
       | Jolter wrote:
       | I turn them on because I'll be eating chips.
        
       | tomrod wrote:
       | We started watching with closed captions so we could watch while
       | the little ones were small. We never stopped.
        
       | jdofaz wrote:
       | I've done this for a long time, I first turned the captions on
       | out of novelty when we got a TV that had a CC decoder built in.
       | After a while I found it useful and left it on most of the time
        
       | Eleison23 wrote:
       | My Mom and Dad are avid TV watchers, and now my octogenarian
       | father does have significant hearing loss. We've been using
       | subtitles for decades, probably since the 90s when I started to
       | play with the settings on our newly-purchased TV sets. We enjoy
       | it, especially because we watch a lot of British TV, and although
       | we are quite accustomed to many varied accents from around the
       | Empire, subtitling definitely helps with the interesting turns of
       | phrase, the barely-intelligible asides, and comprehension in
       | general.
       | 
       | I also love watching Spanish subtitles to learn the language
       | better. However, I do tend to disable them on YouTube, because
       | they distract and detract from the viewing experience when they
       | are completely unnecessary.
        
       | miked85 wrote:
       | In my experience it's not just 20-somethings. I've sometimes
       | started watching something with CC accidentally turned on, and
       | then realized it made the clip/movie/whatever easier to
       | understand. My parents use it as well, and it has nothing to do
       | with hearing loss.
        
       | strangescript wrote:
       | I just get tired of shows with poor audio normalization and
       | having the "what the heck did they just say" moments. Or one of
       | my kids decides to randomly scream at the top of their lungs. And
       | there is the whole blowing my ears out with rap music in my car
       | because I thought it was cool growing up. I'm getting old.
        
       | eyelidlessness wrote:
       | I have auditory processing difficulties. Among many other sensory
       | challenges. Sitting at a table in a restaurant, I struggle to
       | understand what my friends are saying to me over the din of
       | background chatter, a bartender shaking a drink, back of the
       | house clinking a pan.
       | 
       | I similarly struggle to understand what actors are saying when
       | they're backed by theme music or other physical things going on
       | as part of (or behind) the story. Captions help me actually
       | consume video rather than feel lost in it. Without text I pretty
       | much would stop consuming video entirely.
       | 
       | Granted, I'm 40 so I can't speak for the youngs. And I hear just
       | fine in that the sounds are all present in my ears and my brain.
       | They just get jumbled and being able to catch up with text helps
       | immensely.
        
         | aviditas wrote:
         | As one of the younger but not young crowd, I have a form of
         | auditory dyslexia which is why I've used CC and subtitles most
         | of my life. Good sound mixing and actor enunciation helps to a
         | small degree, but my brain garbles the first part of
         | conversation starts and when dialog happens without visual
         | cues.
         | 
         | My hearing is good, but the delays in processing dialog to
         | content make watching movies or tv very frustrating when I
         | can't see the actor's face to lip read or don't have CC to
         | catch what I miss.
         | 
         | On the other side of things, I have a very high level of
         | internal voice so when I am reading text I can 'hear' the
         | dialog in my head. I can listen to the first 20 minutes of a
         | movie or episode or two of a tv show, then watch it muted with
         | subtitles and will hear the actor's voices. It's nice because I
         | can watch shows with my own background music or without
         | disturbing anyone with the audio.
        
       | iwanttocomment wrote:
       | So, television captions were terrible until the dawn of
       | streaming. One could argue that DVDs (circa late '90s) were OK,
       | but the captions were cartoonish, pixelated nightmare captions
       | that nobody wanted on their TV, just as bad as the typical
       | "closed captioning" of live network television.
       | 
       | Decent captioning really didn't occur until the age of Blu-ray
       | and streaming, around 15 years ago; 1080p captions that were
       | inobtrusive and in lockstep with the dialogue at hand. The
       | 20-somethings would have grown up with perfectly acceptable,
       | inobtrusive captions, and thus have no issue keeping them on-
       | screen to avoid confusion when keeping the television volume at a
       | reasonable volume.
       | 
       | I'm no 20-something, and we keep Blu-ray and streaming captions
       | on in our household. This is a new thing in the past 10-15 years,
       | and it has to do entirely with the quality of captioning and
       | nothing having to do with anything else.
        
       | joshu wrote:
       | does anyone else get intensely annoyed when a) the closed
       | captions misspell a word (or use the wrong word entirely) or b)
       | when the captions don't match the spoken words (often on
       | translated materials)?
        
       | bigmatto wrote:
       | It's vitally important to have a 2 second delay with closed
       | captions. Without the delay you may start reading the dialog in
       | advance, this degrades your enjoyment of the movie. Better to
       | listen, and have the subtitles there as a backup 2 seconds later
       | for anything you miss.
        
       | kevinventullo wrote:
       | 35 now, but I've been using CC for as long as I can remember.
       | Maybe since I was 7 or 8 years old.
       | 
       | For me it was always that I could never really make out the
       | dialogue much of the time, and with live tv there was no
       | rewinding so CC gave me a second chance if I missed something.
        
       | dopeboy wrote:
       | The comments in this thread are unusually interesting because
       | everyone is chiming in with different reasons. A lot of diversity
       | in the reasoning.
        
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