[HN Gopher] Supreme Court limits EPA's power to cut emissions
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       Supreme Court limits EPA's power to cut emissions
        
       Author : ComputerGuru
       Score  : 399 points
       Date   : 2022-06-30 14:31 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | bpodgursky wrote:
       | I guess it's time for congress to actually pass laws (first
       | abortion, and now greenhouse gasses).
       | 
       | Going to be a lot of anger about the results this court season,
       | but I honestly think it's going to be healthier for democracy
       | overall if congress stop leaning on the courts and bureaucracy to
       | make critical regulations.
        
         | cdot2 wrote:
         | The supreme court ruled that abortion is a state issue. Any law
         | passed by congress would be struck down by the same ruling.
        
           | bodhi_mind wrote:
           | That's not exactly true. Congress can and has passed laws
           | that apply to and override state law. Take minimum wage for
           | example (fair labor standards act of 1938). In your
           | particular example, there are no federal laws so it defaults
           | to the states.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | They ruled that there is no constitutional guaranteed right
           | to abortion, and in lieu of any federal legislation the
           | decision defaults to the states. They did not rule that the
           | federal government _cannot_ have a say on abortion.
        
           | camgunz wrote:
           | Dunno why you're being downvoted. This is the likeliest
           | scenario; passing and ratifying an Amendment codifying _Roe_
           | is next to impossible.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | On what basis is this claim plausible?
           | 
           | In my understanding -- and I've read good chunks of the
           | leaked Dobbs opinion -- the above claim is not true. The
           | Dobbs decision's reasoning is largely based on a lack of
           | clear federal legislation saying that abortion is legal.
        
             | enragedcacti wrote:
             | you are correct that the dobb's ruling does not restrict
             | federal abortion regulation, but it is an open question of
             | whether this court would overturn federal abortion
             | legislation as not being related strongly enough to
             | interstate commerce.
             | 
             | Of course that ruling _should_ cut both ways and eliminate
             | the possibility of a federal ban as well, but as we 've
             | seen the majority is willing to overturn precedent both as
             | old as 50 years and as young as 2 years (see Gorsuch
             | dissent on Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta) so its possible they
             | would find the rational to uphold a ban even if they strike
             | down a law mandating access.
        
           | bbarnett wrote:
           | I upvoted, because I heard the same, and downvoting because
           | of reality (no longer the fed's jurisdiction) is not fair.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | If the US Congress passed an amendment that stated abortion
           | is legal nationwide, then the Supreme Court would not be able
           | to strike it down as that would be the new federal law.
        
             | aaomidi wrote:
             | So you want for women to have their basic rights for us to
             | go through a constitutional amendment path? Interesting.
             | This feels like fascism through paperwork.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I did not write anything about what I want or do not
               | want.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | You can say "I don't like X". You don't have to say every
               | is "Fascism". It's ok just to be upset and not like
               | something.
               | 
               | Fascism by the way would be rule by fiat - eg a King or a
               | Dictator can just declare new law: "I declare all
               | Hamburgers shall now be served with bacon and anyone who
               | fails to do shall be executed".
               | 
               | Writing down laws and having a neutral body interpret
               | them is a really important part of fair forms of
               | Government (but not unique to Democracy). There is no
               | defense to a fiat in a Dictatorship but that is a defense
               | in eg Democracy. The publishing, disseminating and
               | authority of rules is the basis of a fair form of
               | government.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | I mean, this is a literal historical lesson.
               | 
               | Fascism mixed with bureaucracy is extremely powerful and
               | extremely difficult to fight.
               | 
               | Hopefully this article can shed some light on it for you.
               | 
               | https://www.deccanchronicle.com/opinion/columnists/290919
               | /bu...
               | 
               | This is what I view is happening in the US.
               | 
               | Single dictators don't mean fascism. That's an extremely
               | simplistic and playground view on fascism. Heck, single
               | dictators are much easier to combat than democratic &
               | bureaucratic fascism.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | This isn't some kind of new legislative process. This has
               | literally been the law of the land since the constitution
               | where it's described.
               | 
               | And I'm sorry but I'm going to reject the opinion column
               | of a small newspaper as a source.
               | 
               | You're right in that Fascism is not just composed of
               | single dictators but you are confusing the Rule of Law
               | with beaucracy. Having a high court and requiring laws to
               | be explicit is not "Fascism", it is literally the basis
               | of the legal system.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | are you under the impression that Germany didn't have a
               | "rule of law" when nazis were in power then?
               | 
               | A "rule of law" is a tool that can be used for evil. I'm
               | not sure why we're being blind to this?
        
               | epakai wrote:
               | Where is this neutral body? Half of the court was
               | explicitly groomed to take a partisan stance. They even
               | have the ability to choose their own cases, plus a shadow
               | docket.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | Having a body made up of two opposing sides is generally
               | how we build neutral bodies.
               | 
               | The liberal justices are not a beacon of neutrality -
               | they lean towards liberal policies and expansionist
               | interpretations the same way the conservative justices
               | lean towards conservative policies and paring down the
               | Fed.
        
             | rajup wrote:
             | Is a constitutional amendment different than a federal law
             | when it comes to how it's treated by the SCOTUS?
        
               | bandyaboot wrote:
               | Yes. A constitutional amendment is constitutional by
               | definition. It's the very thing SCOTUS is tasked to
               | protect.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Amendments and laws are the same thing, so no. The
               | Constitution can refer to the original laws, or the
               | collection of original laws plus all the new ones.
               | 
               | When Congress passes a law, the law (sometimes referred
               | to as the Constitution) gets amended, hence it is also
               | referred to as an amendment.
               | 
               | Edit: ignore this comment, my information was incorrect!
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | This is incorrect, at least in the US. A Constitutional
               | Amendment requires the affirmative consent of 3/4s of the
               | states for ratification, it cannot be done unilaterally
               | by the US Congress. The Federal laws are considered the
               | lesser laws and the Constitution the highest law.
               | 
               | There is a big big difference legally in the US between
               | an Amendment and something in the USC
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Thanks, got to learn something new today.
        
               | bandyaboot wrote:
               | You're conflating constitutional amendments with
               | amendments to congressional bills. They're very different
               | things.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Yes, but it's subtle. The mandate of SCOTUS is a check
               | against the other branches of the government to ensure
               | they're following the Constitution. By passing a
               | Constitutional Amendment, it essentially makes the
               | contents of such inherently constitutional. A Federal law
               | could be (and has been) struck down as being
               | unconstitutional.
        
               | rajup wrote:
               | I see. I'm probably jumping the gun here, but if such a
               | federal law were to be passed is there something in the
               | Constitution that would disallow it? I suppose it depends
               | on the exact wording and so on?
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Generally speaking, a Federal law would only be struck
               | down if its intent or wording specifically violates a
               | clause in the Constitution or its Amendments. So, it
               | really depends on how its worded or what its intent is. I
               | think it's pretty clear that Congress has the
               | Constitutional authority to pass environmental
               | regulations and could extend the EPA's mandates or
               | legislatively codify EPA regulations such that they
               | become law, because they have to do primarily with things
               | which are commerce across state lines and national
               | borders (e.g. where energy originates and where its
               | expended are across borders).
               | 
               | Essentially the same justification for why Congress could
               | create the EPA in the first place allows them to codify
               | any regulations as law or to extend the EPA mandate. What
               | cannot happen is the EPA unilaterally deciding to
               | overreach its mandate, because its taking actions with
               | the force of law but without any check/balance. The
               | Constitution is quite clear that laws are the purview of
               | the Legislative, not the Executive, and the EPA is a
               | function of the Executive.
        
             | bandyaboot wrote:
             | They could rule the law to be unconstitutional. And they
             | would do just that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | It is not at all obvious that this is true. I think it's
               | highly unlikely given that the federal government has
               | almost unrestricted ability to pass laws about personal
               | rights (either strictly or in practice, see the federal
               | drinking age of 21, smoking, etc).
               | 
               | Even if it was, there's no reason not to test it.
        
               | bandyaboot wrote:
               | I agree that it's not obvious that such a law would
               | actually be unconstitutional. I just think this court has
               | become an unapologetically partisan body.
        
           | rajup wrote:
           | > The supreme court ruled that abortion is a state issue. Any
           | law passed by congress would be struck down by the same
           | ruling.
           | 
           | Is it? Then why am I reading news today about the Democrats
           | wanting to suspend the filibuster for a federal abortion law?
        
             | zrail wrote:
             | The court ruled in Dobbs that the decision reached in Roe v
             | Wade was improper because there is no right to privacy
             | "deeply rooted" in the Constitution or traditions of the
             | United States, which basically means that if the court
             | sticks with this definition they get to roll back any
             | decisions that they don't like, disregarding two hundred
             | years of precedent.
             | 
             | The fundamental problem is that large important social
             | policy decisions have been made as court cases rather than
             | legislation for the past 50 years. If Congress actually
             | made laws that explicitly granted rights to the people then
             | we wouldn't be in this situation, but by passing the buck
             | to the court they can claim that problems have been solved
             | without actually having to get their hands dirty or face
             | their constituents.
        
             | ausbah wrote:
             | Roe v Wade was the court case giving a federal right to an
             | abortion, that was struck down so it became a state's
             | rights issue bc the federal gov't itself never passed a law
             | guaranteeing the the right to an abortion. one major piece
             | of criticism you'll hear again Democrats is that they have
             | taken too much comfort is court precedent then actually
             | passing laws when they were in power
        
             | NeonVice wrote:
             | Because they are pandering for votes. They know that the
             | average citizen doesn't know that the law would be deemed
             | unconstitutional based on the most recent ruling.
        
               | bandyaboot wrote:
               | If you're talking about the decision overturning Roe, it
               | has literally nothing to do with whether a federal
               | abortion law would be constitutional.
        
           | whiddershins wrote:
           | No. They ruled it isn't a constitutional right. Therefore it
           | can definitionally be legislated at the State level.
           | 
           | Whether it can be legislated at the Federal level is a
           | completely different question.
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | > [...] but I honestly think it's going to be healthier for
         | democracy overall if congress stop leaning on the courts and
         | bureaucracy to make critical regulations.
         | 
         | I don't think that scales. When some group of people is large
         | enough and has enough different things going on it has to
         | delegate regulation making. There is just too much for the top
         | level of management to be directly regulating everything.
         | 
         | The larger the entity grows and the more it has going on the
         | more regulation making needs to be delegated. At some point you
         | reach the point where even critical regulation has to be
         | delegated.
         | 
         | We passed that point, I think, a long time ago in all the large
         | first world economies.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | I agree that we can't ask congress to write the entire
           | federal code, but congress could pass a law which literally
           | says:
           | 
           | "It is within the power of the EPA to regulate carbon
           | emissions"
           | 
           | and leave the rest to the bureaucrats, and that would have
           | been enough. I don't think that's an unreasonable ask.
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | The senate is affirmative action for rural areas. Why do we
         | accept minority rule?
        
           | mmcconnell1618 wrote:
           | The Senate is way out of balance from the power it originally
           | had in 1776.
           | 
           | Delaware was the smallest of the 13 states with a population
           | of 59K. That's 2.36% of the 2.5M total in 1776. There were 26
           | Senators so each one had about 7.7% voting power.
           | 
           | Today, South Dakota has a population of 905K out of 330M or
           | 0.274% of the population. There are 100 Senators so each has
           | about 2% voting power.
           | 
           | A Senator from South Dakota today represents 1/10 the
           | population that a Senator from Delaware did in 1776. If
           | influence scaled with the same distribution it did in 1776, a
           | South Dakota Senator should only have about 0.77% voting
           | power, but today they have 2%. Population distribution is
           | more widely varied today which creates much more power for
           | lower population states than when in the country was formed.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | Tyranny of the majority. New York City doesn't make rules for
           | Eerie, Indiana.
           | 
           | NYC can make rules for NYC.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | NYC makes the rules for NY state. And the people of
             | Buffalo, Plattsburg, etc, etc, aren't exactly happy with
             | that or benefiting from that. They have more industrial
             | economies than downstate does and they are kneecapped hard
             | by some of downstate's economic policies.
             | 
             | States that are economically and politically dominated by a
             | single economic zone are a great examples of why minority
             | contingents need strong veto power.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | The democrats have the senate majority. They just have to be
           | willing to pass laws that the moderates will vote for. For
           | dumb political reasons, they refuse to do this, and this is a
           | forcing function to make them act like adults.
           | 
           | They could even get ~2 Republican votes for broad abortion
           | rights, and likely more if they passed a targeted bill about
           | the health of the mother, incest, etc.
           | 
           | As recently as a decade ago the democrats had a supermajority
           | and passed sweeping healthcare reform bills. It's really not
           | an insurmountable barrier.
        
           | usrn wrote:
           | Because the alternative would be not having the rural areas
           | continuing to be part of the nation. If you can't come to an
           | agreement with us, that's fine, try to move the regulation
           | out of the federal government and see if you'll have better
           | luck at the state level with more like-minded people.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | Because it was explicitly created with the goal of preventing
           | majoritarian rule. The majority's interests are represented
           | in the house.
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | B/c the US is a union.
           | 
           | I live in a rural area. There are plenty of laws that make
           | sense for my area that would be ridiculous in high density
           | cities and vise verse. Here there is no minimum speed limit
           | and I can drive my tractor down the road by attaching an
           | orange triangle. I can drill my own well. I can chop and burn
           | trees on my property. None if thus would make sense in the
           | city.
        
             | camgunz wrote:
             | What you're describing is pluralism and federalism, not
             | minority rule. Minority rule with your examples would be to
             | force cities to burn their trash because that's what makes
             | sense in rural areas.
        
         | NeonVice wrote:
         | Abortion is not mentioned in the constitution and therefore
         | each state has the power to legislate it as they see fit. Any
         | federal abortion law would be deemed unconstitutional on that
         | basis.
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | The majority of federal law isn't mentioned in the
           | constitution. Come on now.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Stop being obtuse. The majority of federal law exists only
             | because broad interpretations of the few subjects the feds
             | were granted the ability to regulate. If abortion was
             | intertwined with interstate commerce or national defense it
             | would be regulated. Of course there's BS that's just as
             | detached as abortion that gets regulated federally but if
             | those subjects were big ideological issues and got the same
             | scrutiny they likely would not be.
             | 
             | It's unfortunate that there isn't a stronger right to
             | bodily autonomy enshrined in the constitution but that's
             | tangential here.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | I'm being quite sincere.
               | 
               | There's still precedent and federal law that protects
               | bodily autonomy in respect to having private medial
               | exchanges with doctors.
               | 
               | We still have the FACE act for example, which is federal
               | law preventing people from blocking the entrance of
               | abortion clinics.
               | 
               | I think we'll find quite soon how much abortion is
               | intertwined with interstate commerce.
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | Absent a strict law, congress could just make medicare
               | funding or infrastructure or whatever dependent on
               | abortion access, and every state would fold, just like
               | with the drinking age.
        
             | NeonVice wrote:
             | "The powers not delegated to the United States by the
             | Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are
             | reserved to the states respectively, or to the people."
             | 
             | Abortion regulation powers were not delegated within the US
             | Constitution and therefore those powers go to the states.
        
               | ausbah wrote:
               | it's not like you can infer other rights at all
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substantive_due_process
        
           | laverya wrote:
           | The current interpretation of the Commerce Clause is large
           | enough to legislate essentially everything.
        
         | waterproof wrote:
         | It is valuable for gov't agencies to be able to act broadly on
         | their mandates without needing congress to dictate everything.
         | As the dissent puts it, "A key reason Congress makes broad
         | delegations like Section 111 is so an agency can respond,
         | appropriately and commensurately, to new and big problems."
         | 
         | We can hope that Congress will step up and legislate, but that
         | seems pretty unrealistic to me. I fear that this is just the
         | latest wave of successes by the party that wants our government
         | to be as toothless and inept as possible and already has a
         | stranglehold on Congress for the foreseeable future.
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | > Healthier democracy
         | 
         | How can anyone say that with a straight face in the presence of
         | the electoral college (heck even the elected representatives
         | don't have a legal obligation to vote for their party's
         | candidate) and most importantly gerrymandering. Your assumption
         | that the people can vote to enact change is simply not true.
        
       | nooyurrsdey wrote:
       | Emphasis mine:
       | 
       | > The case against the EPA was brought by West Virginia on behalf
       | of 18 other mostly Republican-led states and some of the nation's
       | largest coal companies. > > They were challenging whether the
       | agency has the power to regulate planet-warming emissions for
       | state-wide power sectors or just individual power plants. > >
       | _These 19 states were worried their power sectors would be
       | regulated and they would be forced to move away from using coal._
       | 
       | I'm losing hope that anything practical can be achieved because
       | of idealistic nuance like this. We're missing the forest for the
       | trees. Our goal should be the larger combating of climate change,
       | but individual players like this have amazing power to put up
       | resistance or obstruction to that goal which is a net loss for
       | all of us.
        
         | moistrobot wrote:
         | if that's your goal, then we should be investing in nuclear
         | energy
         | 
         | and putting more pressure on countries like China and India
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | Unfortunately most pro-nuclear talk I see is in form of
           | excuse 'my way or highway'. Like the one you did. As bonus
           | you are trying to shift focus to other actors (which true,
           | are also relevant but still...)
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | India?
           | 
           | India's greenhouse gas emissions are 50% of those of the US.
           | Per capita they are at 12% of the US.
           | 
           | BTW, per capita is the correct comparison because the
           | atmosphere does not care about arbitrary boundaries. To
           | illustrate imaging a world with just 2 countries, one
           | emitting X per year and one emitting 2X per year. The
           | population of first county is P and the population of the
           | second country is 2P. In this example we'll assume little
           | trade between the two countries.
           | 
           | That world needs to get down to a total of 2X per year. If we
           | do thing per country that means each country gets to emit X
           | per year. So the first country is fine where they are and the
           | second country needs to cut emissions in half.
           | 
           | To the people of the first country they just continue their
           | normal lifestyle, which generates X/P emissions per capita.
           | The second country has to go from X/P per capita to 1/2 X/P.
           | They will need to make big changes that will likely greatly
           | reduce their standard of living.
           | 
           | But then separatist parties, upset with such a big blow to
           | the standard of living, come to power in the second country,
           | and it splits into 9 separate countries, each with population
           | 2P/9.
           | 
           | In this new 10 country world, each country's share of the
           | global 2X emission budget is 2/10 X. To meet this the first
           | country has to cut per capita emissions to 20% of what they
           | were before, requiring drastic changes in their economy and
           | lifestyles.
           | 
           | The 9 new countries on the other hand only have to each cut
           | per capita emissions to 90% of what they were before. Their
           | standards of living don't have to change much.
           | 
           | ...and now there are strong incentives in the first country
           | to split!
           | 
           | This only ends when you reach a configuration where every
           | country has the same per capita allowance.
           | 
           | Trade complicates it, because now emissions in one country
           | might be going toward doing things for the other country and
           | so should be counted toward the other country's emission
           | budget. That can be dealt with by something like a cap and
           | trade system so countries can trade some of their emissions
           | budget to cover emissions done for them in other countries.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | Agreed. China and India put out significantly more and
           | dirtier pollution than the US and nuclear is the only
           | realistic pathway forward for base emissions-free power.
           | 
           | Furthermore, this was the right decision. You can't just have
           | the executive branch make up law. If Congress wants this,
           | they can pass a law. That's how the US works.
        
           | hackerlight wrote:
           | Nuclear and solar and wind and hydro.
           | 
           | But that whole business of singling out India and China is
           | BS. If China was split up into 10 smaller countries that
           | together emitted the same amount in aggregate, those 10
           | smaller countries would fly under the radar. It's only
           | because China happens to be a single country that people
           | point the finger. Per-capita emissions is the thing to be
           | focusing on.
        
             | mwint wrote:
             | It's valid to focus on China, because China is where
             | lobbying efforts are best spent. A single huge government
             | making a small change will "do" more than a small
             | government making a small change.
        
             | mrpopo wrote:
             | People are only using the metrics that make them/their
             | country look best. The USA is topping the chart in
             | cumulative GHG emissions, which is objectively the cause of
             | climate change (carbon stays in the atmosphere).
        
         | kbuchanan wrote:
         | This is a great example of how on an individual level
         | commentators want to bend democratic processes to achieve their
         | own goals, but, without fail, they get caught in a tangle of
         | contradictions. What is the Supreme Court's mandate? To stop
         | climate change? To feel out the majority's opinion and make a
         | legal path for it?
         | 
         | This is why democracy is so hard: it consistently yields
         | outcomes that are disappointing to a large segment of the
         | population. There is no "solution" to that problem, and
         | shouldn't be. There are pathways to curbing carbon emissions,
         | but the reality is that too few people, as a body, want to pay
         | that price.
        
           | vintermann wrote:
           | Democracy? Where did democracy ever enter into the picture
           | here?
           | 
           | The Supreme Court is different from the other branch of
           | government heads, in that they decide for themselves what
           | their mandate is, and you don't have any recourse ... unless
           | you're in charge of one of the other branches, and are
           | willing to cause a constitutional crisis by ignoring them or
           | replacing them.
        
           | namdnay wrote:
           | > What is the Supreme Court's mandate? To stop climate
           | change?
           | 
           | Stopping climate change should be everyone's mandate. When
           | your house is on fire and a neighbor has a hose pipe, so you
           | get into an argument with them because they're not a fireman?
        
             | jimbob45 wrote:
             | Do you feel that Korematsu v US and Trump v Hawaii were
             | correctly decided then?
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | No. No. Wrong. The Supreme Court's mandate is to be the
             | Supreme Court, not to be the solve-the-current-crisis
             | fixer. I want the planet not to fry _and_ to still have a
             | constitutional democracy at the end of that process.
             | 
             | The problem is that people want to handle this "on the
             | cheap", by executive order, rather than by the actual
             | existing mechanism, which is through Congress. Yes,
             | Congress created the EPA. They didn't give them the
             | authority to regulate CO2, though. That was an overreach
             | when the executive order came out, and that reality finally
             | caught up legally.
             | 
             | You want to regulate CO2? Then do it the right way - by
             | having Congress pass a bill that grants that power to the
             | EPA. That's the difference between rule of law and rule of
             | the president.
             | 
             | You say those states have too much power? No they don't.
             | There's only 18 of them. That's only 36 senators. They
             | don't have a majority of the House, either. So go do it the
             | way it should have been done from the beginning, instead of
             | trying to get away with using a lazy back door.
             | 
             | [Edit: Reading other posts here, the issue may not have
             | been CO2 emission, but rather management of the electrical
             | grid. I still think that CO2 was a massive over-reach when
             | the EPA started regulating that. It was almost certainly
             | beyond the scope that Congress conceived of when they
             | created the EPA.]
        
             | alex_sf wrote:
             | Stopping hackers should be everyone's mandate. When your
             | network is under attack and the FBI have stingrays, do you
             | get into an argument with them because they don't have
             | warrants?
        
         | asah wrote:
         | Easy for us to say, it's not our jobs being lost.
         | 
         | If we really cared about getting this done, we'd simply pay
         | ~$30B/year (0.14%) to enter a contract to buyout 100% of US
         | coal production, and avoid it getting burned.
         | 
         | The problem is that China would simply replace that production,
         | netting zero for the environment.
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | Well the fix here is for Congress to pass a specific law
         | empowering the EPA with explicit authority.
         | 
         | If something like that can't make it through congress then it
         | isn't democratic, and the task then becomes one of convincing
         | the other side. I've the had the anti-coal conversation with
         | plenty of conservatives and they were all open to my point of
         | view.
         | 
         | Ultimately this court's decision is a win for democracy, even
         | if it is a (temporary) step back for fighting climate change.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | I agree. So therefore I want us to fix the gridlock in the
           | legislative branch so they can actually legislate. I think
           | the members of Congress have mostly been captured by the
           | political parties, almost automatically voting with their
           | party line, representing their party more than their actual
           | constituencies. If someone represents my state of Michigan, I
           | believe they don't just represent the Democrats or
           | Republicans who voted for them, but that they're supposed to
           | represent all of the people in the state. When they vote
           | along party lines, it says to me they prioritize their party
           | affiliation over their regional one.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | They vote for the money.
             | 
             | The elimination of earmarks has made politicians more
             | dependent on the party and good grace of industry for their
             | elections so they have to tow the party line harder and
             | cater to the lobby more whereas back in the day people
             | could vote against their party if they were bringing home
             | something else to make it worthwhile.
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | I agree. A friend of mine does a lot of research on
               | Congress and says that getting rid of closed-door
               | committees and committee votes has really increased the
               | power of the parties for reasons you mention: it's hard
               | to negotiate in good faith when people (e.g. lobbyists
               | and party officials) are constantly looking over their
               | shoulders. Earmarks and other things can give them ways
               | to work things out when in private, compromising here and
               | there, and coming up with a bill that will be balanced in
               | the end.
               | 
               | I strongly suggest his research[0].
               | 
               | EDIT: Oh, and my friend[1] who does a lot of the research
               | is a ex-NASA scientist, which is one of the reasons I
               | also got excited about his research, as I studied
               | electrical and computer engineering in college and was
               | excited to see an engineering mindset applied to
               | political dynamics.
               | 
               | [0]: congressionalresearch.org
               | 
               | [1]: https://congressionalresearch.org/JamesDangelo.html
        
           | the_gastropod wrote:
           | > If something like that can't make it through congress then
           | it isn't democratic
           | 
           | Ah, yes. The institution where 41 Senators, representing a
           | mere 22% of the US population can block legislation is the
           | zenith of democracy. Especially when considering the
           | legislation we're talking about is as a response to a court
           | case ruled by 6 judges, 5 of which were appointed by
           | presidents who lost the popular vote, approved by senators
           | representing fewer citizens than the senators who voted
           | against their approval. Real nice system of democracy.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | Agreed. This isn't about climate change, it's about proper
           | procedure as the Constitution sets it up. The EPA went past
           | its mandated purposes as set up by law. Congress needs to
           | pass a new law to give it this power. If it can't, that's
           | their problem. This was a good decision as far too much power
           | has been given to the administrative state to basically make
           | up laws.
        
             | kadoban wrote:
             | The current court is starting with an outcome they like and
             | then writing the decision from there. There is no law that
             | will survive a sufficiently motivated cherry-picking of
             | case facts and legal history.
        
           | enragedcacti wrote:
           | > Ultimately this court's decision is a win for democracy
           | 
           | We've now learned that the supreme court will take up a case
           | concerning the "Independent legislature theory" which, if
           | affirmed, would allow state legislatures to unilaterally
           | overrule their constituent's votes in both state and federal
           | elections.
           | 
           | I can't wait to see the majority maintain its staunch pro-
           | democracy stance that it takes in this case in the terms to
           | come.
        
           | dsr_ wrote:
           | You've almost got it, but you need to go one step further.
           | 
           | Congress isn't democratic. Congress is overly concentrated.
           | 
           | To begin with, the Senate is absurdly anti-democratic. The
           | 710K residents of Washington, DC don't get a vote there at
           | all. The 600K residents of Wyoming get the same 2 votes as
           | Vermont (620K) and California (39 million). Anything that
           | says that Texas and West Virginia are equal to each other in
           | some mystical sense of having equal weight in decisions that
           | affect the whole country is an ideology not compatible with
           | democracy.
           | 
           | Then, the House of Representatives is (a) absurdly
           | gerrymandered and (b) absurdly undersized. One rep per
           | 750,000 people on average, up from one rep per 210,000 people
           | in 1909 and up from one per 34,000 in 1800.
           | 
           | Any Constitutional "originalist" who thinks that the House of
           | Representatives is just fine at 435 reps is a hypocrite. At
           | one per 34,000, we need about ten thousand reps to meet the
           | standards of representation that the founders thought was
           | reasonable.
           | 
           | Oddly, that would solve the other major problem with the
           | House of Representatives: the 2 year term is fine if the rep
           | only has to persuade the majority of 34,000 people or so. A
           | small campaign can win. A simple requirement that all
           | districts must be compact, convex and allocated according to
           | a geographic/population algorithm would cure the
           | gerrymandering, too.
        
             | alex_sf wrote:
             | > Anything that says that Texas and West Virginia are equal
             | to each other in some mystical sense of having equal weight
             | in decisions that affect the whole country is an ideology
             | not compatible with democracy.
             | 
             | It's completely compatible with democracy, and makes
             | perfect sense under federalism. The federal government was
             | not meant to have the expansive powers it does; the problem
             | is that via things like the commerce clause it's massively
             | overstepped the boundaries that were supposed to contain
             | it.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | If you want to argue "meant to", you must reference that
               | to a time when the USA was about 17 states, all of
               | roughly equal power, economy and population. 1803, just
               | before the Louisiana Purchase. There were 12
               | Constitutional amendments.
               | 
               | "supposed to" is in the same light. The system that
               | worked pretty well for about 5 million people in the pre-
               | industrial age (and assumed that everyone not male,
               | white, and a land-owner was distinctly second-class) does
               | not work so well 200 years later in a world power of 330
               | million people.
        
               | alex_sf wrote:
               | > If you want to argue "meant to", you must reference
               | that to a time when the USA was about 17 states, all of
               | roughly equal power, economy and population. 1803, just
               | before the Louisiana Purchase.
               | 
               | This is blatantly false. The 1800 Census has Virginia
               | with a population of 676k persons (~340k free), with
               | Delaware and Rhode Island having only 64k and 69k
               | respectively. Their economies and 'power' (state
               | militias?) were also nowhere near equal.
               | 
               | The senate was setup specifically because of that
               | disparity, and was designed to prevent larger states from
               | imposing their will on smaller states.
               | 
               | Every individual state is _supposed_ to be sovereign.
               | They hold equal legal status to each other. That's why
               | they are explicitly granted equal suffrage in the Senate.
               | 
               | The fundamental disconnect here is that people from your
               | perspective view the federal government as 'the
               | government', when it was never intended or designed to be
               | that. The federal government was supposed to operate in a
               | much smaller capacity than it has for the past hundred
               | years, with the vast majority of its current
               | responsibilities handled by the states.
               | 
               | > "supposed to" is in the same light. The system that
               | worked pretty well for about 5 million people in the pre-
               | industrial age (and assumed that everyone not male,
               | white, and a land-owner was distinctly second-class) does
               | not work so well 200 years later in a world power of 330
               | million people.
               | 
               | Says who? There is plenty to criticize about the US
               | government at all levels, but, as someone who no doubt
               | regards American Exceptionalism as an outrageous trope,
               | how else do you explain the success and dominance of the
               | US worldwide? It is, without question, the most powerful,
               | wealthy, and successful country to have ever existed in
               | history.
               | 
               | The US is not exceptional or unique in its history of
               | slavery, natural resources, population, or landmass. As
               | one of the few things unique to the US, it's entirely
               | reasonable to attribute at least part of that success to
               | our form of government.
               | 
               | edit: And, by the way: slave-owning states favored
               | proportional representation in Congress. They were
               | growing at a much faster pace than the northern states.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | > This is blatantly false. The 1800 Census has Virginia
               | with a population of 676k persons (~340k free), with
               | Delaware and Rhode Island having only 64k and 69k
               | respectively. Their economies and 'power' (state
               | militias?) were also nowhere near equal.
               | 
               | That's a single order of magnitude from top to bottom.
               | 
               | The smallest states are now the population of VA in 1800,
               | and the largest are now two orders of magnitude larger
               | than that.
               | 
               | > how else do you explain the success and dominance of
               | the US worldwide? It is, without question, the most
               | powerful, wealthy, and successful country to have ever
               | existed in history.
               | 
               | It is:
               | 
               | * Exceptionally large. Russia is twice as large. China,
               | Canada and the US are all approximately the same size.
               | Next is Brazil and Australia, and then there's another
               | factor of 2 drop.
               | 
               | * Exceptionally gifted in natural resources. Between
               | ocean ports and navigable waterways, transportation was
               | easy to exploit. During the agriculture-first age, huge
               | herds of bison roamed free. Oil and gas and coal are
               | available. Most metals and minerals are here. The
               | climatic zones available for year-round habitation are
               | huge, and the deserts are not.
               | 
               | * Exceptionally un-invadable by the powers in the world
               | at its birth. The native Americans were devastated by
               | disease and weapons. Every other human threat needed to
               | lug their troops over an ocean before starting to invade.
               | The War of 1812 was an expensive fizzle for the British.
               | 
               | * Compound effects from the above produced a robust
               | economy.
               | 
               | * Being across an ocean meant that the US could pick and
               | choose when to enter the World Wars. Even after Pearl
               | Harbor, FDR could delay entry until industrial processes
               | were engaged to a wartime footing.
               | 
               | But the American domination really started at the end of
               | WWII, with all the European countries and Russia and
               | China and Japan facing major rebuilding efforts, while
               | the US was largely unaffected.
               | 
               | None of that requires the Constitution to be exactly the
               | way it is. Would it have worked better as a multi-party
               | parliament? I think so. Would it be less effective as a
               | theocratic fascism? I hope we're not about to find out.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Isn't the way the US was meant to work basically the way
               | the EU does work today?
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | > Any Constitutional "originalist" who thinks that the
             | House of Representatives is just fine at 435 reps is a
             | hypocrite. At one per 34,000, we need about ten thousand
             | reps to meet the standards of representation that the
             | founders thought was reasonable.
             | 
             | How is that hypocritical? The Constitution says "The number
             | of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty
             | thousand, but each state shall have at least one
             | Representative". The fact that we're not near the upper
             | bound doesn't make it unreasonable. If they thought a
             | reasonable representation would have required some lower
             | bound other than 1 per state, they would have written that.
        
           | Drunk_Engineer wrote:
           | Congress already has the option of overriding/veto any EPA
           | adopted regulation. It has never used that power to remove
           | regulation of CO2. This is not a win for democracy -- quite
           | the opposite.
        
         | thepasswordis wrote:
         | Then tell the EPA to start lobbying the NRC to allow new
         | nuclear plants and start allowing innovation in the space.
         | 
         | The EPA is not a legislative body. If you want to make it
         | illegal to run a coal plant because you feel like it's your
         | duty to force some pain on the citizenry for what you perceive
         | as a higher calling: pass a law.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Can't pass a law, too many climate change deniers in
           | political positions.
           | 
           | We'll have to find other mechanisms to force coal plants
           | offline. Lots of tools available besides the EPA.
        
             | codefreeordie wrote:
             | "can't pass a law because I can't get enough voters to want
             | it"
             | 
             | Sounds like maybe you don't believe in democracy
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | What the US has is (intentionally and explicitly) not a
               | democracy. It has a wide array of structures intended to
               | undermine the will of the majority.
        
               | codefreeordie wrote:
               | This is true. We have a democratic republic rather than a
               | plain democracy, because the founders were (rightly)
               | concerned that plain democracy produces a tyrannical
               | majority, and wanted to create a free society which would
               | only impose government authority when there was broad-
               | based and widespread agreement.
               | 
               | Indeed, the founders cared so much about this that they
               | wrote into the Constitution a guarantee not of a
               | _democratic_ form of government for the States, but a
               | _republican_ one
               | 
               | U.S. const. Art 4 Sec 4:
               | 
               | > The United States shall guarantee to every State in
               | this Union a Republican Form of Government and shall
               | protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application
               | of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the
               | Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic
               | Violence.
               | 
               | In theory, this guarantee could be satisfied by entirely
               | nondemocratic governments, so long as they were
               | republics. Courts have not really tackled too many of the
               | details of this clause over the years, primarily on the
               | grounds that the courts largely feel that they are unable
               | to offer remedies.
               | (https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-
               | constitution/inte...)
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | > "can't pass a law because I can't get enough voters to
               | want it"
               | 
               | Voters overwhelmingly want regulation on climate change.
               | 41 senators representing roughly 22% of voters don't.
               | 
               | > Sounds like maybe you don't believe in democracy
               | 
               | if you're going to make snide remarks you better be
               | accurate in your claims.
               | 
               | https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-
               | tank/2022/03/09/americans-l...
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Sometimes I don't. The climate doesn't care about your
               | vote or belief system. So, you have to work around
               | democracy. Play to win, the stakes are too high not to.
        
               | codefreeordie wrote:
               | You probably won't like it when your opponents start
               | playing to win democracy be damned
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | They already are. What do you think this is? They spent
               | decades to enable this, they've said so publicly. Mitch
               | McConnell's book is even called "The Long Game." They are
               | knowingly, actively subverting democracy for their own
               | ends.
               | 
               | So, here we are.
               | 
               | https://www.foxnews.com/politics/mitch-mcconnell-dark-
               | lord-s... (the Fox News article slug even refers to him
               | as the dark lord)
        
               | codefreeordie wrote:
               | You know, it's funny.
               | 
               | (well, "funny")
               | 
               | Each party's advocates say "the other side has been
               | playing to win rules and democracy be damned for decades,
               | and if we don't start ignoring the rules and playing
               | dirty, they'll kill us all".
               | 
               | Each side claims to love democracy but to be willing to
               | destroy it only because doing so is necessary to protect
               | them from the Enemy.
               | 
               | I think that maybe most people don't actually care about
               | democracy, they just want to win the war.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | I want a habitable planet for my kids. If you don't
               | believe in climate change, there is simply no value in
               | engaging. The science is proven by scientists who do
               | science things. It's like someone not believing in
               | gravity. "But I have my own opinion!" They believe their
               | opinions carry the same weight as facts. You're just
               | lighting precious time and effort on fire needlessly,
               | banging your head against the brick wall expecting the
               | brick wall to critically think with factual information.
               | 
               | Take care, good chat.
        
           | kennywinker wrote:
           | > If you want to make it illegal to run a coal plant because
           | you feel like it's your duty to force some pain on the
           | citizenry for what you perceive as a higher calling: pass a
           | law.
           | 
           | Nobody wants what you described. Global warming is literally
           | killing people by the thousands every year now. Wars are
           | coming, mass migrations and climate refugees. This is a
           | crisis, it's just not a localized one. And it doesn't have to
           | be painful. Building + running windmills, solar, even
           | nuclear, those are all good jobs.
           | 
           | You might just as well frame it "if 19 states want to make
           | the world suffer so a few corporations can profit and people
           | don't have to re-train".
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >>If you want to make it illegal to run a coal plant
             | because you feel like it's your duty to force some pain on
             | the citizenry for what you perceive as a higher calling
             | 
             | >Nobody wants what you described
             | 
             | Do you think everyone hear has the memory of a goldfish or
             | are you just lying to us without a care in the world?
             | 
             | We can literally go into any HN thread on the subject of
             | coal and see tons of comments to the tune of "this will
             | cause people a bunch of pain but outlawing X, Y and Z or
             | taxing them to create the same effect is necessary in order
             | to get off of fossil fuels therefore it is necessary for
             | the greater good". I don't disagree with the premise that
             | it's gonna hurt but just turning around and saying
             | "nobody's saying that" when it suits you is beyond bad
             | faith behavior.
             | 
             | People like you are just as bad for progress as the coal
             | lobby is because you undermine the people telling it like
             | it is.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | Op's message was that people think it's their duty to
               | force pain on people for some higher calling.
               | 
               | As I said, nobody wants that. Emphasis on "wants",
               | emphasis on "that". The same people calling for climate
               | action are the ones calling for a just transitions - UBI,
               | green new deals, etc. so if they were to get their way it
               | wouldn't actually be painful. That's the "wants" part.
               | 
               | But even if we don't get those things, it actually has to
               | happen - it's not some random desire. It's an existential
               | threat to human life. So, it has to be done at whatever
               | cost. Not because they "believe in some higher calling" -
               | because the facts are that this is going to hurt everyone
               | if we don't deal with it at great scale asap. And that's
               | the "that" part.
        
           | thsijustin wrote:
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | If you want airspace to be regulated, pass a law (cancel the
           | FAA). If you want frequencies to be regulated, pass a law
           | (cancel the FCC). If you want individual food and drugs to be
           | regulated, pass a law (cancel the FDA). If you want cars to
           | be regulated, ...
        
           | Sporktacular wrote:
           | "duty to force some pain on the citizenry"
           | 
           | You do know that coal power kills more people than any other
           | power source right? That makes health care a hidden cost,
           | paid by the citizenry, to subsidise an irresponsible energy
           | industry.
           | 
           | Think much?
        
             | thepasswordis wrote:
             | Why is this so confusing?
             | 
             | Then pass a law.
             | 
             | I hope every coal plant on earth goes away forever. I hate
             | coal plants. Get rid of them and PASS A LAW restricting
             | their use.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | Have you seen how hard it is to pass a contentious law
               | these days? Most people can agree about its merits but
               | it's naive to act as if special interests haven't
               | manufactured the contention and captured the regulatory
               | and legislative processes.
               | 
               | We don't have the luxury of proceduralism any more.
        
               | phaistra wrote:
               | > Have you seen how hard it is to pass a contentious law
               | these days?
               | 
               | So what? Not the SC's problem.
               | 
               | > Most people can agree about its merits but it's naive
               | to act as if special interests haven't manufactured the
               | contention and captured the regulatory and legislative
               | processes.
               | 
               | So if special interests have captured the regulatory
               | body, how is letting them keep (or gain) their unelected
               | power any better?
               | 
               | > We don't have the luxury of proceduralism any more.
               | 
               | I can use the same argument about any topic we disagree
               | about. Do you not see the problem with this line of
               | thinking?
        
               | thepasswordis wrote:
               | Think about what you're saying. Democracy is hard so
               | let's throw it all away? Do you realize where that leads?
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | Don't be hyperbolic. We had democracy before Coney-
               | Barrett, Kavanaugh and Gorsuch were appointed.
               | 
               | Hamstringing the EPA over a contrived technicality in the
               | wording of its charter is a travesty of justice. It's
               | public utility is obvious. It's in the name.
        
           | politician wrote:
           | 100%. We need to stop treating the judiciary as if it were
           | royalty, and instead operate the government using the
           | established rules for change.
           | 
           | That means forcing Congress to accept its role and do its job
           | instead of being a place where the members spend most of
           | their time fundraising and trying to keep their seats.
        
           | mrpopo wrote:
           | > Then tell the EPA to start lobbying the NRC to start
           | building new nuclear plants
           | 
           | No, stopping the coal plants is the end goal. Whether it's by
           | saving energy or building alternative sources like
           | solar/hydro/nuclear is irrelevant to the EPA's goal
           | (protecting the environment/mitigating climate change).
           | 
           | Innovation will not save us, the tools have been here for
           | decades.
           | 
           | I agree this should be passed as a law.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I'd argue that one of the main drivers of climate change is
         | this precise behavior: trying to alter the environment to be
         | favorable towards the thing that I own.
         | 
         | I see it on a micro level of people trying to kill insects that
         | get into their gardens or moles that ruin their lawns, and a
         | more macro level of my state/country has coal underneath it and
         | therefore we shall fight to continue to use coal or even my
         | state/country doesn't have a lot of arable land for agriculture
         | because of permafrost or access to non-frozen ports for
         | shipping so increasing global temperature may actually be good
         | for us.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | This is it. Values lead to attitudes when they are directed
           | at an object. Beliefs and attitudes are emotionally biased
           | and largely inform behavior. Unfortunately, beliefs don't
           | have to be correct or even coherent with other beliefs to be
           | strongly held.
           | 
           | A person may value a coal mine for a variety of reasons that
           | are very emotionally hinged: economic, familial, etc. To
           | change behavior values and attitudes have to change. That's
           | exceptionally difficult when the competing values, like
           | climate, are more abstract than the ones currently held. I
           | worry that humans are not psychologically equipped to manage
           | problems of this scale.
        
             | jimkleiber wrote:
             | Change can suck. It can also be great. I think our tendency
             | towards loss aversion makes us focus on how much it can
             | suck. Even if my future might be better, it will be
             | different, and I can want to not lose the thing to which I
             | currently feel attached.
             | 
             | > That's exceptionally difficult when the competing values,
             | like climate, are more abstract than the ones currently
             | held. I worry that humans are not psychologically equipped
             | to manage problems of this scale.
             | 
             | I think we may be equipped, as we've handled problems on
             | much larger scales than I think our ancestors would have
             | expected, and yet I hear you, wondering what (if anything)
             | could change to make us more equipped.
             | 
             | I wonder if reframing our identity could help. Instead of
             | me only being a coal miner or Michigander, I'm also more
             | connected with my human identity. Maybe more backwoods
             | experiences, watching and living TV shows like Alone or
             | Naked and Afraid...I dunno. I wonder if we don't actually
             | have to try to connect to the planet but just more deeply
             | to our local wildlife and to ourselves.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | > I wonder if reframing our identity could help.
               | 
               | This requires a level of emotional adjustment and self
               | awareness lacking in many people.
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | I agree. I've spent the last 10 years focused on trying
               | to help us get better at being emotionally honest with at
               | least ourselves. I had focused mostly on tools for the
               | masses, but lately have been refocused on making tools
               | for leaders and then let leaders change culture by
               | example, as so many of us learn what's ok to feel and
               | what feelings are ok to say from our parents and other
               | authority figures.
        
       | enragedcacti wrote:
       | from the dissent (starting on page 57):
       | 
       | The effect of the Court's order, followed by the Trump
       | administration's re- peal of the rule, was that the Clean Power
       | Plan never went into effect. The ensuing years, though, proved
       | the Plan's moderation. Market forces alone caused the power
       | industry to meet the Plan's nationwide emissions target--through
       | exactly the kinds of generation shifting the Plan contem- plated.
       | See 84 Fed. Reg. 32561-32562 (2019); Brief for United States 47.
       | So by the time yet another President took office, the Plan had
       | become, as a practical matter, obsolete. For that reason, the
       | Biden administration announced that, instead of putting the Plan
       | into effect, it would commence a new rulemaking. Yet this Court
       | determined to pronounce on the legality of the old rule anyway.
       | The Court may be right that doing so does not violate Article III
       | mootness rules (which are notoriously strict). See ante, at
       | 14-16. But the Court's docket is discretionary, and because no
       | one is now subject to the Clean Power Plan's terms, there was no
       | reason to reach out to decide this case. The Court today issues
       | what is really an advisory opinion on the proper scope of the new
       | rule EPA is considering. That new rule will be subject anyway to
       | immediate, pre-enforcement judi- cial review. But this Court
       | could not wait--even to see what the new rule says--to constrain
       | EPA's efforts to ad- dress climate change. The limits the
       | majority now puts on EPA's authority fly in the face of the
       | statute Congress wrote. The majority says it is simply "not
       | plausible" that Congress enabled EPA to regulate power plants'
       | emissions through generation shift- ing. Ante, at 31. But that is
       | just what Congress did when it broadly authorized EPA in Section
       | 111 to select the "best system of emission reduction" for power
       | plants. SS7411(a)(1). The "best system" full stop--no ifs, ands,
       | or buts of any kind relevant here. The parties do not dispute
       | that generation shifting is indeed the "best system"--the most
       | effective and efficient way to reduce power plants' car- bon
       | dioxide emissions. And no other provision in the Clean Air Act
       | suggests that Congress meant to foreclose EPA from selecting that
       | system; to the contrary, the Plan's regulatory approach fits
       | hand-in-glove with the rest of the statute. The majority's
       | decision rests on one claim alone: that gen- eration shifting is
       | just too new and too big a deal for Con- gress to have authorized
       | it in Section 111's general terms. But that is wrong. A key
       | reason Congress makes broad del- egations like Section 111 is so
       | an agency can respond, ap- propriately and commensurately, to new
       | and big problems. Congress knows what it doesn't and can't know
       | when it drafts a statute; and Congress therefore gives an expert
       | agency the power to address issues--even significant ones--as and
       | when they arise. That is what Congress did in enacting Section
       | 111. The majority today overrides that legislative choice. In so
       | doing, it deprives EPA of the power needed--and the power granted
       | --to curb the emission of greenhouse gases.
       | 
       | tl;dr: the majority chose to rule on a plan that never went into
       | effect and will never go into effect, in practice taking on an
       | advisory role rather than waiting for an actual concrete plan to
       | rule on. Beyond that, Congress intentionally chose the broad
       | language of "best system of emissions reductions" but the
       | majority asserts that congress should have instead referred to
       | generation shifting by name despite the technology not existing
       | at the time of drafting
        
         | fzeroracer wrote:
         | As mentioned in the dissent, congress explicitly gave them the
         | power to regulate green house gasses in this specific scenario.
         | But the majority conservative opinion made up their own
         | rationale as to why that somehow doesn't apply in order to curb
         | the EPAs power.
         | 
         | The modern day supreme court is a joke, unable to be even
         | remotely consistent in how it applies its rationale and its
         | clear they're merely another puppet for conservative politics.
        
       | esarbe wrote:
       | Oh boy. At least we can now put the myth of the "apolitical"
       | Supreme Court at rest and start thinking about how to reform it.
       | 
       | The Supreme Court has been overreaching for some time now, maybe
       | it's time to limit its powers? Term limits or rotating seats
       | might also be options.
        
       | puppetsock wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/5qSrB
        
       | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
       | So to recap: the SCOTUS has ruled that the agency established and
       | authorized by Congress to regulate environmental protection does
       | not have the authority to regulate environmental protection.
       | 
       | Did I get that right?
        
         | addandsubtract wrote:
         | The same SCOTUS that ruled that the agency established and
         | authorized to give birth does not have the authority to
         | regulate birth. Yes.
        
         | beezle wrote:
         | I don't think so. Apparently, by my understanding, the issue in
         | this decisions was not regulation of a particular coal plant's
         | emmissions but of pushing utilities to add green capacity to
         | offset GHG emmissions.
        
         | db48x wrote:
         | Think of it this way. The FDA has the authority to regulate
         | food, right? So do they get to decide what type of food a
         | restaurant is allowed to serve? No. They don't get to decide
         | that every county has to have at least 20% Mexican restaurants
         | either. Restaurant owners are allowed to decide for themselves
         | what type of food to serve, and power plant owners are allowed
         | to decide for themselves what type of fuel to use.
        
         | fzeroracer wrote:
         | Yes, and the dissent spells that out clearly. An excerpt from
         | the dissent:
         | 
         | > The majority says it is simply "not plausible" that Congress
         | enabled EPA to regulate power plants' emissions through
         | generation shift- ing. Ante, at 31. But that is just what
         | Congress did when it broadly authorized EPA in Section 111 to
         | select the "best system of emission reduction" for power
         | plants. SS7411(a)(1). The "best system" full stop--no ifs,
         | ands, or buts of any kind relevant here.
         | 
         | They were given broad power by congress explicitly. If congress
         | had wanted them to reign in that power or not choose the best
         | system, then they could pull it back at any time. They did not.
         | The court decided that the previous congress was full of idiots
         | and could not fathom future technologies for emission reduction
         | and therefore is moot.
        
           | shrimpx wrote:
           | These literalist justices are of the mind that if it wasn't
           | explicitly written, then it's not allowed. Generalist/broad
           | swath language is to be ignored. Only specific instruction is
           | to be interpreted.
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | Only when it's convenient for their position. For the 2nd
             | amendment they take a very broad reading.
        
               | shrimpx wrote:
               | Yes good point.
        
             | redler wrote:
             | Yet they decide other landmark cases with a newly invented
             | test for "deeply rooted history and tradition", through
             | which they can put on their highly subjective amateur
             | historian hats to engineer a desired outcome.
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | I'm not fluent in the decision yet, but at first glance:
         | 
         | It seems congress gave them limited power to regulate
         | environmental protection via a law that was written. The EPA
         | seems to have overstepped its legal boundaries in regulating.
         | Instead of saying, "ah fuck it, let the machine run," the court
         | is forcing congress to actually give it the additional power
         | that it's been using, or to stop.
        
         | colincooke wrote:
         | This is too broad of a reading. Unfortunately despite the
         | mission statement of organizations they are limited by their
         | own laws and rules. In this case this is a narrowing of a
         | particular reading of a paritcular rule that was used to limit
         | greenhouse gas emissions from power plants. See
         | https://reason.com/volokh/2022/06/30/supreme-court-rejects-b...
         | for more details
        
         | redler wrote:
         | Simplified: "The manner in which a vanishingly small group of
         | megadonors and think tank funders make, keep, grow, and
         | distribute their money should be nearly impossible to
         | regulate."
        
       | Sunspark wrote:
       | This is a very far-reaching decision. The decision is really that
       | Congress cannot have a federal agency regulating anything unless
       | Congress specifically votes on something like the filtration
       | efficiency of item x in smokestack diameter y.
       | 
       | It has implications for other things too. For example, the post
       | office. How about 50 individual post offices instead of a
       | national post office since now logically the price of a stamp
       | cannot be adjusted unless Congress votes on it, etc.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | I agree with "congress cannot delegate it's powers" to a certain
       | extent.
       | 
       | Negative example: The BATF has a splendid history of literally
       | doing nothing except putting it's critics behind bars, while
       | solving 0 actual crime and preventing any sort of mass
       | tradgedies.
       | 
       | Positive example: The FAA has done an incredible job making air-
       | travel safer than car travel. I have a feeling that a lot of the
       | higher-ups are former engineers and have been able to put
       | politics and red/blue crap aside for a common mission.
       | 
       | Mixed example: The FCC has done a great job on spectrum
       | allocation. They've done a shitty job when on broadband and
       | content regulation, with it quickly becoming politicalized and
       | more concern about red/blue.
       | 
       | Good example: The FDA has done a great job in regulating the
       | industry for their namesake: food and drugs. We have
       | unprecedented levels of safety in both despite not having a
       | complete knowledge of how all drugs work (biology is just complex
       | with a lot of hidden downstream after-effects).
       | 
       | Poor example: The NRC has pretty much just said "No" to fucking
       | everything in nuclear. No progress has been made. We should have
       | 3-5 reactors (on average) in every state. Instead we're still
       | running 50 year old designs (not _necessarily bad_ but not great
       | either) when we could have Generation III+ with passive failure
       | modes.
       | 
       | That brings me to the EPA. I think they've done a lot of good:
       | energy efficiency ultimately benefits the consumer in nearly
       | every case. I have an air conditioner that kicks out a splendid
       | 58degree air stream in the summer heat and extraordinarily low
       | energy consumption levels. The EPA has successfully sued
       | countless corporations and created superfund sights when they
       | just dump industrial waste without a plan to handle it.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, as red/blue politics get involved in an agency,
       | everyone loses. And the finger pointing begins. As such, the only
       | "way out" may be to say delegate it to Congress. I'm not sure
       | where we go from here.
        
         | timeon wrote:
         | > I'm not sure where we go from here.
         | 
         | Going to hit the wall and let the corporate decide.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | > Positive example: The FAA has done an incredible job making
         | air-travel safer than car travel. I have a feeling that a lot
         | of the higher-ups are former engineers and have been able to
         | put politics and red/blue crap aside for a common mission.
         | 
         |  _737MAX enters the chat_
        
           | exabrial wrote:
           | Definitely a failure. How the "the stabilizer trim depends on
           | exactly one input device" was a huge oversight.
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | It wasn't just a failure, and it wasn't an oversight -- the
             | FAA simply rubberstamped anything Boeing gave it, and it
             | wouldn't surprise anyone if there is more to the story. It
             | was a colossal failure that led to a complete loss of trust
             | in the FAA. The FAA went from being an agency whose
             | expertise we lent to the rest of the world to... being just
             | one more captured domestic regulator. I bet the Europeans
             | will lead the investigation of the next big accident
             | outside the U.S., as well they should.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | > The FDA has done a great job in regulating the industry for
         | their namesake: food and drugs.
         | 
         |  _The Sackler Family /Purdue Pharma and Oxycontin has entered
         | the chat_
         | 
         | It's hard to see what the FDA (didn't) do in that case as
         | anything but complete corruption. Allowing a new label for this
         | new untested drug and then the head left to go work for Purdue
         | shortly after? Revolving door.
        
         | LordDragonfang wrote:
         | >Good example: The FDA
         | 
         | I'm not sure whether "good" is better or worse than "positive",
         | but the FDA is definitely closer to "mixed" than the FAA. I'm
         | generally very pro-FDA for the reasons you listed, and argue
         | against the libertarians who want to abolish it. However,
         | there's lots of legitimate criticisms about how it's frequently
         | too conservative in allowing trials or approval for potentially
         | life-saving medication, or approving medications and
         | supplements that are considered safe and commonly-used by other
         | countries.
         | 
         | Scott Alexander of SSC/ACX has many[1][2][3], many[4][5][6]
         | posts pointing out instances in which the FDA's arguable-
         | excessive roadblocks have failed US healthcare patients, coming
         | from his experience as a professional psychiatrist.
         | 
         | [1] https://slatestarcodex.com/2013/09/28/sleep-now-by-
         | prescript...
         | 
         | [2] https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/06/15/fish-now-by-
         | prescripti...
         | 
         | [3] https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/08/16/an-iron-curtain-has-
         | de...
         | 
         | [4] https://slatestarcodex.com/2019/03/11/ketamine-now-by-
         | prescr...
         | 
         | [5] https://slatestarcodex.com/2013/11/26/a-letter-i-will-
         | probab...
         | 
         | [6] https://slatestarcodex.com/2016/08/29/reverse-
         | voxsplaining-d...
         | 
         | [7] https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/adumbrations-of-
         | aducan...
        
       | bastardoperator wrote:
       | I don't ever want to hear the term "activist judges" or
       | "legislating from the bench" from a conservative ever again.
       | 
       | And, Barrett couldn't even cite the first amendment...
        
         | iandanforth wrote:
         | You appear to be under the impression that conservatives care
         | about consistency or are vulnerable to accusations of
         | inconsistency.
        
           | zeroonetwothree wrote:
           | I would replace "conservatives" with "people" in that
           | sentence
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | You wont because it's not activism when they do it.
        
         | Covzire wrote:
         | In this case, as I understand it, the EPA was declaring they
         | had authority to enforce some new rules by interpreting where
         | congress wrote "may" as "must". Whether you agree with the
         | EPA's motives or not, it should concern everyone that un-
         | elected bureaucrats have been increasingly inventing or
         | hallucinating the language of their mandates to turn them into
         | whatever they wanted, whenever it suits them, and this was a
         | much needed rebuke of that behavior.
        
           | matthewdgreen wrote:
           | >In this case, as I understand it, the EPA was declaring they
           | had authority to enforce some new rules by interpreting where
           | congress wrote "may" as "must".
           | 
           | Congress didn't pass a law and disappear. If Congress felt
           | that the EPA was misinterpreting the language of the Clean
           | Air Act it could have passed a law limiting the agency's
           | powers. The fact that _it did not do so_ is the strongest
           | rebuttal to the claim that the EPA was operating outside its
           | mandate.
           | 
           | This decision is an announcement by the Court that Congress
           | can no longer be trusted to govern the agencies it oversees.
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | But Congress hasn't disappeared now either and can easily
             | s/may/must/. What's the problem?
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | Because the Court has taken an issue that Congress did
               | not [yet] show any urgent inclination to act on, i.e.,
               | alleged overreach by the EPA over many Congressional
               | sessions with many different partisan compositions. And
               | they have taken away Congress's discretion to decide its
               | own agenda and priorities by turning this into an
               | emergency _that has to be dealt with right now by this
               | Congress_. There is real harm to this: it halts an
               | existing regulatory process, and it may take years for
               | Congress to repair the damage.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Since the EPA had tried to moot the case by holding back,
               | there must be no emergency.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | The fact that nobody was harmed by this regulation -- and
               | there was no urgency -- and yet the Court still took the
               | case _is indeed a huge problem_ that underlines my
               | concerns with this case. Why did the Court step into this
               | case and override both Congress and the executive branch
               | when the regulation itself wasn 't harming the
               | plaintiffs? The emergency here is that the EPA now has no
               | idea what its authority will be on any regulatory actions
               | regarding CO2. (And when Congress finally legislates, it
               | won't know what its authority is either.)
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The court decided there was a harm. Seems reasonable to
               | me.
               | 
               | > The emergency here is that the EPA now has no idea what
               | its authority will be on any regulatory actions regarding
               | CO2.
               | 
               | That's hyperbole.
        
             | jdasdf wrote:
             | >Congress didn't pass a law and disappear. If Congress felt
             | that the EPA was misinterpreting the language of the Clean
             | Air Act it could have passed a law limiting the agency's
             | powers.
             | 
             | It is not congresses job to enforce the law by writing new
             | laws.
        
           | Clubber wrote:
           | Agreed, the executive branch (the bureaucracies) does not
           | make laws, congress does. The fact that the bureaucracies are
           | governing above and beyond what they are legally allowed to
           | do is actually horrifying and very undemocratic.
        
             | Sporktacular wrote:
             | Huh? It's the executive's job to execute the laws - which
             | is exactly what they were doing, until the court changed it
             | mind on how that should be done.
             | 
             | If this was true it would have been the case for all
             | previous court panels. That it's not shows that it's the
             | court playing politics now.
        
       | smiddereens wrote:
        
       | civilized wrote:
       | This is a silly decision. I don't respect the reasoning at all.
       | 
       | If Republicans want to abolish the EPA, all they have to do is
       | pass a law. They could do it with a simple majority in each House
       | if they abolish the filibuster (which itself requires only a
       | simple majority).
       | 
       | There is no meaningful loss of democratic control here. Congress
       | can do whatever it wants, with or without the EPA.
       | 
       | This is just the highest court in the land acting as toadies for
       | the fossil fuel industry, legislating from the bench on a flimsy
       | right wing legal theory.
        
         | radford-neal wrote:
         | For a law to be passed in the US, it must be approved by the
         | House, the Senate, and the President. For a law to be repealed
         | in the US, the repeal must also be approved by the House, the
         | Senate, and the President. So there will often be situations
         | where it matters what the _current_ law is - whenever these
         | three components of the system do not agree, so that the
         | current law will not be changed. In such a situation, it is not
         | supposed to be the case that the President (in control of the
         | executive branch) can unilaterally decide that the current law
         | is whatever they want it to be.
        
       | hunglee2 wrote:
       | owning the supreme court was the republicans trump card, the
       | Presidency is only a pit stop toward the true goal. Got it for a
       | life time now don't they? Got to hand it to them, smart long term
       | planning
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | there are a lot of lesson so be had...
         | 
         | just a few...
         | 
         | - long term planning of the gop vs short term tactics of dems
         | 
         | - justices staying on too long until it was too late
         | 
         | - bad (tone-deaf) campaigning for prez lost 3 seats on the sc
         | 
         | - ignoring rural and working-class (used to be the dems bread
         | and butter) dissolved their base of support (clinton and the
         | "new" dems)
         | 
         | - relying on the sc for too many rulings... next we loose gay
         | marriage and probably interracial marriage in many states.....
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | Yeah, RBG really fucked the Dems by not retiring with Obama
           | in office.
        
           | rory wrote:
           | There's really no reason I can think of that the Dems would
           | deem the Freedom of Choice Act "not a priority" other to play
           | political games in future presidential races. I'm convinced
           | they basically wanted to be able to continue to use the
           | threat of a _Roe_ overturn to steer swing voters to their
           | side, but never actually believed it would happen.
           | 
           | That said, I highly doubt _Loving_ would ever be overturned.
           | It sits on very solid legal ground, and the most conservative
           | judge on the court is _in_ an interracial marriage.
           | _Obergefell_ is genuinely at risk though.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | To think there are people to who stayed home in Nov' 16 because
         | they were salty that Bernie didn't get the nomination.
        
       | bmitc wrote:
       | > In a 6-3 ruling, the court sided with the conservative states
       | and fossil-fuel companies, ...
       | 
       | What a surprise. How many Republicans are on the Supreme Court
       | again?
       | 
       | > ... agreeing that Congress had not "intended to delegate...
       | decision[s] of such economic and political significance".
       | 
       | Apparently the Supreme Court does not believe that the
       | Environmental Protection Agency was intended to be given agency
       | to protect the environment. It's like a The Onion parody.
       | 
       | > Attorney General Eric Schmitt for Missouri - one of the 19
       | states - called it a "big victory... that pushes back on the
       | Biden EPA's job-killing regulations".
       | 
       | There the Republicans are again, beating the jobs drum in a
       | period of historic lows of unemployment. Small government to them
       | means big government where they want and small elsewhere, e.g.,
       | Congress and the Supreme Court acting as protector for
       | corporations.
        
       | wing-_-nuts wrote:
       | Great, so now we're reliant on congress to get something done.
       | The same congress that's sat on its hands for the past 30 years
       | and has been shown to be completely incapable of addressing the
       | issue.
       | 
       | This is a _massive_ blow to the US being able to reach emissions
       | targets. Every day we 're one step closer to the 'business as
       | usual' path that leaves the world 3-4c hotter. That's a
       | catastrophic scenario.
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | > This is a massive blow to the US being able to reach
         | emissions targets.
         | 
         | I think this is the actual goal. I don't know if they are aware
         | that it does not make a difference climate-wise what they
         | believe (or not).
        
         | ejb999 wrote:
         | >>This is a massive blow to the US being able to reach
         | emissions targets.
         | 
         | Whose targets though? 'Shouldn't we the people' have a say?
         | i.e. shouldn't congress actually hold the hearings, digest the
         | info and go on the record voting for or against important
         | items?
         | 
         | We don't let the IRS set tax rates, we should not let unelected
         | bureaucrats decide what the environmental goals are - elect
         | people you think represent your priorities, have them go on the
         | record supporting or opposing important decisions, and then
         | pass a law the establishes frameworks to the agencies in charge
         | under which they operate.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | > shouldn't congress actually hold the hearings, digest the
           | info and go on the record voting for or against important
           | items?
           | 
           | Of course, but this will never happen. So if the only
           | positive outcome of an action is a long tail event, then
           | maybe the action shouldn't be taken. We have to look at the
           | expected value of this, which is that people less versed than
           | the experts suddenly making decisions they had previously
           | relegated to the experts. Chaos.
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | Again, congress has had 30 YEARS to do something. They've
           | done _nothing_. I 'm long past the point of assuming
           | ignorance and incompetence, much of congress is clearly
           | acting in bad faith on this issue because they are beholden
           | to the fossil fuel companies.
           | 
           | Want 'We the People' to have a say in whether or not the EPA
           | should regulate CO2? Put it to a national referendum.
           | Congress has shown repeatedly that it's more than happy to
           | watch the world burn if it means their superpacs are stuffed
           | with lobbyist funds.
        
             | ohCh6zos wrote:
             | If we keep electing them then 'nothing' is the democratic
             | choice.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | From the articles I've seen so far it seems they can still
       | regulate individual power plants.
       | 
       | Does this mean that while they cannot stop new high emissions
       | plants from being built, once a plant actually starts producing
       | they could regulate it?
       | 
       | That might actually work out better, because building a plant and
       | then having it come under regulation would probably be more
       | costly to the plant owners than if they had went for a cleaner
       | plant from the beginning.
        
       | taylorbuley wrote:
       | One of the key issues at play is that when there is no clear
       | interpretation of a statue, that a regular can interpret that in
       | whichever way they want. This was a legal noodle that a previous
       | administration didn't even know would stick. The result is that
       | the executive branch just lost of a lot of interpretational
       | leeway.
        
       | jschveibinz wrote:
       | TL;DR? My best attempt: The federal law did not give authority to
       | EPA to control the type of energy (fuel) used. It only had
       | authority to set emission guidelines.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | That's the gist of it but imagine the logical consequences.
         | What the court is saying is that the EPA has no authority to
         | stop the burning of anything, it only has the authority to
         | apply the best-known commercially viable technology to make the
         | emissions of that burning as clean as can be. So, for example,
         | if you wanted to incinerate lead ingots - and let's just ignore
         | the reasons you'd want to do this for debate purposes - the EPA
         | cannot stop you, because there is no commercially viable (i.e.
         | profitable) technology that would make the emissions any
         | cleaner.
         | 
         | Now you may think this is a crazy example but there's an Alcoa
         | facility in Texas that originally burned lignite but long since
         | ran out of the good stuff and has just been burning dirt for
         | decades. It is one of the largest point sources of air
         | pollution in the world, and what the court is saying here is
         | the EPA has not been empowered by Congress to stop that. If
         | Alcoa wants to burn dirt, then fine.
        
           | jschveibinz wrote:
           | The federal government probably sees it like this: one
           | person's problem is another person's benefit. Also, the air
           | doesn't vote.
        
         | User23 wrote:
         | That's not false, but it really misses some important detail:
         | namely, that generation shifting cannot be a "system of
         | emission re- duction" under Section 111. 985 F. 3d 914, 995.
         | 
         | In other words, telling a coal plant operator to reduce their
         | plants emissions by switching some energy production to other
         | sources is beyond the EPA's legal authority.
         | 
         | However, given that you evidently prefer a single
         | (technocratic?) world government I suppose you might welcome
         | the further erosion of the US republic? In that case damn-the-
         | consequences-do-what-I-want is an understandable position to
         | take, even if it's inimical to the long term health of the
         | republic.
        
       | fulafel wrote:
       | How much of the republicans apparent desire to drive climate
       | change off the cliff can be explained by religion and belief in
       | the end of the world? Apparently 40% of americans believe in
       | imminent end of times:
       | https://www.christianpost.com/news/poll-4-in-10-americans-be...
        
         | KingOfCoders wrote:
         | The same reason the US supports Israel to drive the Second
         | Coming of Jesus [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Coming
        
       | txsoftwaredev wrote:
       | As it should. The EPA is not a branch of the government.
        
       | philosopher1234 wrote:
       | Every surpreme court article makes me hate this community a bit
       | more.
       | 
       | There is far too much obsessing over "their logic is consistent"
       | and far too much intentional ignorance of the fact that they
       | _chose_ which logic to bring to bear on which issues, and that
       | there are many other possible ways to apply consistent logic.
       | 
       | Their logic can be consistent and they can still be partisans,
       | looking to implement a specific agenda.
       | 
       | I don't believe people on this site are too stupid to realize
       | that, I believe they prefer not to, because they support the
       | outcomes these rulings enact.
       | 
       | And given that, we are in a lot of trouble.
        
         | jxramos wrote:
         | I don't think the name of the game is at the level of upholding
         | consistent logic in and of itself but of defending the
         | separation of powers granted to the three branches of
         | government. You can think of it as analogous to programming
         | architectural defensive tests enforcing the boundaries. This is
         | at the level of governance design and protecting that design.
        
         | ironman1478 wrote:
         | > I don't believe people on this site are too stupid to realize
         | that, I believe they prefer not to, because they support the
         | outcomes these rulings enact.
         | 
         | HN is just a forum. Its not much different than Reddit, its
         | just more moderated which I greatly appreciate. I think the
         | people aren't stupid. Its just that people have grown up being
         | told the Supreme Court was some non-partisan objective
         | organization, when really is full of partisan hacks and law by
         | very nature is political. Its hard to undo years of hearing the
         | same thing.
        
           | spencerflem wrote:
           | I just find it sad, because even Reddit got this one right.
           | This is the most SCOTUS bootlicking ive seen in one thread
           | and it's all done by programmers who are supposed to be _my_
           | people y 'know? Feels personal
        
             | maxsilver wrote:
             | > This is the most SCOTUS bootlicking ive seen in one
             | thread and it's all done by programmers who are supposed to
             | be my people y'know? Feels personal
             | 
             | If there's one thing I've learned in my life, is that a
             | scary-high number of people who are _supposed_ to be on my
             | side, who are theoretically _my_ people, are diametrically
             | opposed to my entire life, and are merely pretending to
             | tolerate my continued existence.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | Why would you assume that the fact that someone is a
               | programmer indicates to you anything at all about
               | literally any other aspect of their life or views?
               | 
               | It seems to me that you just built up your own little
               | fantasy world, and are shocked that reality doesn't align
               | with it.
        
             | cronix wrote:
             | That's odd that you think programmers all think the same
             | things or are all politically aligned, or really any group
             | of people for that matter.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | I feel like on paper, they're people with a similar
               | interests, most went to college, etc.
               | 
               | You're definitely right that I shouldn't have assumed but
               | it still hurts
        
               | moronicwebsite wrote:
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | ? this was one of my more earnest comments
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | >they're people with a similar interests, most went to
               | college, etc.
               | 
               | So...like hedge fund operators?
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | idk, I expect hedge fund people to be awful
               | 
               | ~ _I 'm_~ a programmer tho so when they're bad it makes
               | me sad :(
               | 
               | Like I said I know it's naive to think that
        
               | cronix wrote:
               | Kudos for your response, sir.
        
             | ironman1478 wrote:
             | Being a programmer only implies one thing. That the person
             | is a programmer. It has 0 correlation with other skills or
             | thoughts. I used to be disappointed by this too, but people
             | are multifaceted and being able to make a computer do
             | something useful isn't correlated with being able to
             | understand politics, be good at playing an instrument, etc.
             | The people who are good at multiple things (or
             | knowledgeable about multiple topics) are that way because
             | they put in the work, just like they did for programming.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | thank you <3
        
             | worker_person wrote:
             | There are conservative programmers. We just learn to keep
             | our heads down.
             | 
             | I spent a few years researching all viewpoints to figure
             | out my position. Didn't realize I would be hated for
             | thinking for myself.
        
               | spoils19 wrote:
               | Conservatives spend a lot more time and do a lot more
               | research, yet are vilified for coming to a conclusion on
               | our own. There's no major media informing us, nor are
               | there any pundits to who we can turn to.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | Except y'all don't, the dominant opinion in this thread
               | is the conservative opinion that the SCOTUS is legitimate
               | and correctly decided the EPA ruling.
               | 
               | And honestly, if thinking for yourself leads you to be
               | anti-climate action, anti-lgbt rights, anti-labor etc.
               | you deserve whatever you get
        
               | mecsred wrote:
               | Basically every comment about the legitimacy of the
               | ruling is immediately followed by a comment rebuking it.
               | If you think it's the dominant opinion you may need to
               | reflect on that.
               | 
               | No one brought up LGBT rights and labor politics as far
               | as I scrolled down.
               | 
               | Threatening people for sharing their opinion isn't going
               | to help your position.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | They* said they* were a conservative and those are all
               | mainstream conservative opinions, don't know what more to
               | tell you.
               | 
               | And I agree there's comments on both sides but you can't
               | claim conservatives* are be forced to keep their* heads
               | down or whatever, much as I might wish to not see them.
        
               | mecsred wrote:
               | Please read who you are replying to. I am not the poster
               | of that comment and said none of those things.
        
               | worker_person wrote:
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | OrvalWintermute wrote:
               | >And honestly, if thinking for yourself leads you to be
               | anti-climate action, anti-lgbt rights, anti-labor etc.
               | you deserve whatever you get
               | 
               | There are basically 6 major factions in the US right now,
               | along with the associated special interests.
               | 
               | The Establishment Democrats, and the Progressive
               | Democrats
               | 
               | vs
               | 
               | The Establishment Republicans, and the Populist
               | Republicans
               | 
               | and the Independents, and 3rd party which often determine
               | elections.
               | 
               | On above, Establishment Republicans and Establishment
               | Democrats have far more in common, with each other, than
               | they do with their respective Populist and Progressive
               | wings.
               | 
               | Likewise, in many areas the Populist Republicans and
               | Progressive Democrats have a great deal in common too.
               | 
               | Please don't oversimplify this.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | mcbrit wrote:
         | It is well known that there are competing, consistent theories
         | on how to interpret the Constitution.
         | 
         | If we assume that each Justice subscribes to a consistent
         | theory on how to interpret the Constitution, you omit a
         | discussion (much less a proof) that at least one Justice's
         | theory is 'partisan', that the theory being partisan would be
         | bad, or to make a foundational move, that a theory that is
         | nonpartisan exists. I think there are interesting discussions
         | to be had on all of those topics.
         | 
         | I think your post is too strongly worded, being a triple attack
         | on the hn community, the Supreme Court, and the state of
         | American politics.
        
         | Sakos wrote:
         | I feel like people don't actually realize what the consequences
         | of this will really be.
         | 
         | https://today.law.harvard.edu/scotus-preview-west-virginia-v...
         | 
         | > "Supporters of the major questions doctrine would
         | characterize this as taking power away from agencies and giving
         | it to Congress, because they would say Congress is
         | democratically accountable, and therefore should be making the
         | major policy decisions," says Goho. "Critics would say, 'No,
         | what's happening is you're taking power away from agencies,
         | which have some degree of democratic accountability to the
         | president, and you are actually granting the power to the
         | courts, which are not democratically accountable at all.'"
         | 
         | This is the first step in dismantling regulatory bodies on a
         | federal level. I have no idea how people can be supportive of
         | the decision. It seems insane to me.
        
           | yucky wrote:
           | >This is the first step in dismantling regulatory bodies on a
           | federal level.
           | 
           | One can only hope. I suppose this is a good start though.
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | It might not be a good idea, but google search will turn up
           | the logic behind opposition to the power of the regulatory
           | agencies.
        
           | spoils19 wrote:
           | Regulations in a free market seems a bit silly. Let the
           | market make its own decisions and we'll always end up in a
           | better state.
        
             | bberrry wrote:
             | Please be sarcastic
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | devwastaken wrote:
           | Government agencies are comprised of people. The same people
           | that work a desk job they hate. They're not elected, and
           | don't have to demonstrate worth for the position, yet can
           | execute sanctioned harm against individuals That's two major
           | flaws that slaps democracy in the face.
           | 
           | People are dissilusioned by organizations out of their reach
           | that can harm them, and they do not feel they are
           | represented.
           | 
           | Iron Law is the name of the game for long standing
           | organizations. That is, preserve the org first, not complete
           | the mission. When you look into the deep history of federal
           | corruption it's plain as day that it's overwhelmingly a
           | political wheelhouse with only a sprinkle of objective.
           | 
           | Federal agencies that were once founded in earnest are long
           | taken over by this principle. The founders have left the
           | building.
        
             | fmorel wrote:
             | The leadership of all agencies is appointed, not hired.
        
         | Bostonian wrote:
         | A counterexample to the idea that the Court is just trying to
         | implement a right-wing agenda is just ruled 5-4 in BIDEN ET AL.
         | v. TEXAS ET AL. that Biden could discontinue Trump's "remain in
         | Mexico" immigration policy. Chief Justice John Roberts, writing
         | for the majority, was joined by Justices Stephen Breyer, Sonia
         | Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Brett Kavanaugh.
         | https://s.wsj.net/public/resources/documents/Biden-v-Texas-0...
        
         | spencerflem wrote:
         | Thank you for saying this, i completly agree.
         | 
         | It honestly makes me ashamed to be a programmer associating
         | with this type of person whos completely incapable of
         | understanding even the simplest social issue
        
           | Bostonian wrote:
           | Intelligent people can disagree on abortion, gay marriage,
           | gun control, and other issues. People on both sides of these
           | issues can understand them but reach different conclusions
           | based on their values.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | I understand the idea of the SC kicking things back to congress
         | and that would be well and good if we didn't have minority rule
         | in this country coupled with the outsized power that land has
         | over people. On top of that we have a disgusting high
         | rep->citizen ratio because of a silly law congress passed
         | capping it's size. Throw in gerrymandering and election boards
         | rejecting results of elections (and things like Jan 6th) and
         | it's clear democracy is dying.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Democrats need to shake this notion that Republicans
           | represent "minority rule" because it both delegitimizes our
           | institutions and goads Democrats into overplaying their hand.
           | Republicans won almost 1.5 million _more total votes_ in 2016
           | for the House, the country 's primary law-making body: https:
           | //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Re....
           | They are on pace to win the House again in 2022 by millions
           | of votes, like they did in 2010:
           | https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/generic-ballot.
           | 
           | Features like the Electoral College can lead to different
           | incentives in close elections, but even that does not
           | systematically favor Republicans. As recently as 2012, the
           | Electoral College _favored Democrats_. Obama would have won
           | in 2012 even if he had lost the popular vote:
           | https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/did-democrats-get-
           | lucky... ("President Obama won the Electoral College fairly
           | decisively last year despite a margin of just 3.8 percentage
           | points in the national popular vote. In fact, Mr. Obama would
           | probably have won the Electoral College even if the popular
           | vote had slightly favored Mitt Romney.")
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | And the Senate?
             | 
             | You seem to try to imply that they are not important to
             | legislation, which is just silly.
        
               | knubie wrote:
               | The Senate represents the individual states, not the
               | people. The fact that relatively small states like
               | Delaware have as much representation in the Senate as
               | large populous states like New York is by design, and was
               | a critical for the creation of the Union in the first
               | place.
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | And I'm sure no one is disenfranchised by feeling their
             | vote doesn't "count" or matter due to gerrymandering. /s
             | 
             | > As recently as 2012, the Electoral College favored
             | Democrats. Obama would have won in 2012 even if he had lost
             | the popular vote
             | 
             | Except he didn't lose the popular vote. That "honor" is
             | reserved for the last 2 republican presidents (2000 & 2016)
        
               | infamia wrote:
               | Democrats have been gerrymandering for decades [0] [1]
               | [2]. It's only when Republicans started doing the same
               | did it suddenly become an issue of great ethical concern
               | to many Democrats. I recall with vivid clarity the now
               | disgraced ex-con [3] and former Speaker of the N.C House,
               | Jim Black declared that he didn't see anything wrong with
               | injecting politics into drawing districts. Don't fall for
               | their phony outrage and moralizing.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina%27s_12th
               | _congre...
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina%27s_12th
               | _congre...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.nccivitas.org/2016/a-look-back-sheds-
               | light-on-re...
               | 
               | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_B._Black
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I'm not sure why people bring up the popular vote as if
               | it means something. The popular vote was never intended
               | to decide presidential elections.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | > I'm not sure why people bring up the popular vote as if
               | it means something.
               | 
               | Because it clearly shows the president is not picked by
               | the people but through an abstraction that steals voting
               | power from some and gives it to others.
               | 
               | > The popular vote was never intended to decide
               | presidential elections.
               | 
               | And black people counted as 3/5th, women couldn't vote,
               | black people couldn't vote, the entire bill of rights,
               | and more were "never intended". That's such a silly
               | argument.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | In order to make the case that votes are being "stolen",
               | you first need to make the case that popular vote is
               | better or more just. This is a contentious point, and I
               | think it does a lot of disservice to any real discussion
               | to assume it.
               | 
               | If people want to talk in an echo chamber (or to
               | themselves) , than by all means, they should make every
               | assumption they want.
               | 
               | If you want to talk about the issue, then address the
               | root: Should states have power beyond their proportional
               | population in congress and presidential elections?
               | 
               | This is a much more interesting discussion.
               | 
               | For congress I say no, but I would support states
               | allocating their electoral college to match how their
               | state votes, like Maine or Nebraska, opposed to winner
               | take all.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | > Because it clearly shows the president is not picked by
               | the people but through an abstraction that steals voting
               | power from some and gives it to others.
               | 
               | That "abstraction" is known as "degressive
               | proportionality" [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degressiv
               | e_proportionality], which is also used by the EU to
               | apportion seats in the European Parliament. The US's
               | system aims to make sure that the President is elected by
               | a _broad_ base of voters across disparate states, the
               | same way the EU elects its Chief Executive (today that 's
               | Ursula von der Leyen) in a manner that dilutes the power
               | of highly populated Member States. You generally use
               | counter-majoritarian institutions like equal
               | representation and/or degressive proportionality if what
               | you're trying to build is a Federal union, and not a
               | unitary state. The United States is not and has never
               | been a unitary state. The individual _States_ are unitary
               | in nature; it 's impossible to elect the Governor of a
               | State without winning the popular vote, in that State.
               | 
               | > And black people counted as 3/5th, women couldn't vote,
               | black people couldn't vote, the entire bill of rights,
               | and more were "never intended". That's such a silly
               | argument.
               | 
               | This is a non-sequitur. The counter-majoritarian
               | institutions of the Federal government aren't unique to
               | the US (see: Australia's Senate, Switzerland's Council of
               | States, Argentina's Senate, Mexico's Senate, the EU), and
               | is certainly unrelated to the very real evils of slavery
               | or disenfranchisement of Black people. It's just a way to
               | organize large heterogeneous polities. The same way that
               | it doesn't make sense to invalidate the Constitution's
               | right to a free/fair trial just because it also happened
               | to include some unrelated bad things, so too is slavery
               | entirely irrelevant to the question of whether the US
               | ought to be a Federal union. The core question at hand
               | is: should the US be a unitary country or should it be a
               | Federal country. As long as it's a Federal country (i.e.
               | the status quo), you will have counter-majoritarian
               | institutions at the Federal level.
               | 
               | Even in Canada, the Prime Minister's party won fewer
               | votes than the rival party, but still won more seats in
               | Parliament. In 2019(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Ca
               | nadian_federal_election) the Liberal party won ~6M votes
               | and won 157 seats in Parliament, while the Conservative
               | Party won ~6.2M votes but only won 121 seats. The same
               | thing happened in 2021 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/202
               | 1_Canadian_federal_election... ~5.5M votes to 160 seats
               | vs ~5.7M votes to 119 seats. This means that the
               | plurality vote getter did not win the plurality of seats,
               | and thereby did not enjoy the possibility to drive the
               | formation of a majority coalition. The reason for this is
               | that many of the Conservative Party's votes were
               | clustered in specific parts of Canada, and there were
               | diminishing returns to driving up large majorities in
               | those clusters; you have to appeal to multiple disparate
               | clusters. This is a feature and not a bug of Canada's
               | Federal system, because the goal is to optimize for the
               | _breadth_ of voters, not just the _depth_ of voters,
               | especially at the Federal level where policy impacts
               | everybody, and not just a single state /province.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > And I'm sure no one is disenfranchised by feeling their
               | vote doesn't "count" or matter due to gerrymandering.
               | 
               | And Republicans in California and New York feel like
               | their vote doesn't matter when it comes to the
               | Presidential popular vote. So why do you act like that
               | matters?
               | 
               | > Except he didn't lose the popular vote.
               | 
               | The point is that you can't complain that the Electoral
               | College is systematically stacked against Democrats.
        
             | radley wrote:
             | > Republicans won almost 1.5 million more total votes in
             | 2016 for the House, the country's primary law-making body
             | 
             | Cherry-picked stats are banal.
             | 
             | Democrats won almost 5 million more votes in the CURRENT
             | election, which is more than the entire population of
             | Mississippi and West Virginia combined. That's why it's not
             | unfair to claim a "minority rule" at play.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_House_of_R
             | e...
             | 
             | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_po
             | p...
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | If Republicans match their 2010 performance, which seems
               | very possible, they'll win the House in 2022 by 6
               | million+ votes. Do they get to declare everything the
               | Biden administration did "minority rule" when that
               | happens?
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | How does land have power over people? States with more land
           | don't have more representation than states with less land,
           | but states with more people do have more representation than
           | states with fewer people. As a concrete example, New Jersey
           | has the same representation in the Senate and 12x the
           | representation in the House as Alaska, despite only having 1%
           | of the land of Alaska.
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | Maybe that was badly phrased but it refers to states having
             | more power than they should (or less) due to how the
             | electoral college and senators work.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | It was designed that way on purpose.
        
               | halostatue wrote:
               | Yes. To give the slave states power beyond their value.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | The value of those states was not in question when they
               | threatened succession; they were important enough to
               | fight a war over. Nor would many of the states have
               | joined the union in the first place if not for this
               | system, so America wouldn't have existed in the first
               | place if you had your way. The entire country is premised
               | on this compromise.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | The centuries-old political climate in which the
               | electoral college was born has little if any bearing on
               | its utility for the modern United States. I doubt the
               | only thing keeping rural states in the union now is
               | leverage against abolitionists.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | It was designed to prevent tyranny of the majority.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | This argument comes up often, but I've never understood
               | how tyranny of the _minority_ is any better.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | The people who make that argument are usually benefactors
               | of that tyranny.
        
             | ALotOfBees wrote:
             | It's funny that you mention Alaska, because they are the #1
             | overall state when it comes to Senate and Electoral College
             | "voter power". As you said, they get the same Senate
             | representation despite having a fraction of the population
             | of NJ. In addition, each vote cast in Alaska counts far
             | more towards the presidential election than a vote in NJ
             | does.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | That's because the federal level is supposed to only deal
               | with federal matters and be nonexistent elsewhere.
               | 
               | Each state has the same weight in the senate because they
               | are all equal players in that space.
               | 
               | The house has the bias towards population.
               | 
               | Most regulation is supposed to take place at the state
               | level.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | > Each state has the same weight in the senate because
               | they are all equal players in that space.
               | 
               | Except they represent wildly different populations and
               | all have equal say in the senate.
               | 
               | > The house has the bias towards population.
               | 
               | One that has been capped by the DC Admission Act and
               | perverted by gerrymandering.
               | 
               | > Most regulation is supposed to take place at the state
               | level.
               | 
               | Says who? How in the world does that work for things like
               | pollution (which isn't stopped at state lines) or basic
               | rights such as the right to love who you love and/or get
               | married?
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | > Says who? How in the world does that work for things
               | like pollution (which isn't stopped at state lines) or
               | basic rights such as the right to love who you love
               | and/or get married?
               | 
               | Says the Constitution... 10th Ammendment: any power not
               | explicitly enumerated to congress is left to the states.
               | 
               | Article 1 Section 8 enumerates the powers that the
               | federal government has, along with some granted through
               | ammendments.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | I'm aware that powers not left to congress falls back to
               | the states, you specifically mentioned regulation and
               | this is in a thread about the EPA.
               | 
               | How is a state supposed to, on it's own, handle
               | regulation against pollution from it's neighbors? How do
               | they stop the state upstream? How do they they stop the
               | state next door?
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | A state isn't supposed to do any of that on it's own.
               | Congress is supposed to _pass laws_ regarding those sorts
               | of things, not just create an agency in the Executive
               | branch and let it run wild.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | > Congress is supposed to pass laws regarding those sorts
               | of things
               | 
               | You honestly think it's a good system to have congress be
               | the ones legislating on every new way companies come up
               | with to pollute?
               | 
               | > let it run wild.
               | 
               | We have very different definitions of "running wild".
               | 
               | All of this assume a functional congress which we
               | absolutely don't have. I'm working with the cards dealt,
               | you want to imagine some pie-in-the-sky idea of how
               | congress should function. I agree it should function
               | better but I don't see how letting companies pollute more
               | is somehow a "win" and it certainly won't motivate the
               | people in congress who don't even believe in climate
               | change. All of this thinking seems to completely ignore
               | that we need 60 senators to pass any legislation (due to
               | the filibuster), a chamber of congress that is in no way
               | representative of the people.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | > You honestly think it's a good system to have congress
               | be the ones legislating on every new way companies come
               | up with to pollute?
               | 
               | Absolutely not, and nobody (including SCOTUS in their
               | ruling) says that they have to. Congress can still
               | delegate authority to agencies, but at a certain point
               | the agencies are limited in what they can do unilaterally
               | without specific legislation.
               | 
               | > All of this assume a functional congress which we
               | absolutely don't have. I'm working with the cards dealt,
               | you want to imagine some pie-in-the-sky idea of how
               | congress should function.
               | 
               | I agree that Congress is entirely dysfunctional. But I
               | think that this sort of unconstitutional power that
               | they've been so happy to delegate to the Executive has
               | absolutely played a role in getting us the dysfunctional
               | Congress we have today.
               | 
               | You can call it "pie-in-the-sky" but letting Congress
               | continue to skate by without doing their jobs and letting
               | Executive branch agencies unconstitutionally usurp the
               | authorities of the other two branches is something I'm
               | glad to see put to an end.
               | 
               | We can hold Congress accountable. I can't say the same
               | for nameless, faceless bureaucrats.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | I have neither the faith nor hope that congress will act
               | so from my perspective this is only a bad thing no matter
               | how much "It's the right ruling given the
               | law/constitution", it along with other recent decisions.
               | 
               | A lot of the "it's the right interpretation" crowd seems
               | to be completely uninterested in who gets hurt in the
               | meantime and seem to look at it as if it's just cold
               | logic executed in a vacuum. These ruling have real
               | consequences and no amount of "congress should act" or
               | "this was their job"-thinking will fix that. It also
               | doesn't address the outsized power that some
               | states/parties have, I grow less and less sure we are
               | actually able to hold congress accountable.
               | 
               | Though I will say I hope for the future you foresee, I
               | just can't see it becoming reality.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | They don't, which is why it's s federal matter. But I'm
               | stating that each state has an equal say in the decision
               | (in the Senate) precisely because it impacts states
               | approximatepy equally (hence the federal matter). If it
               | didn't, you could plausibly see a densely populated state
               | vote to pollute their neighbor's state by tyranny of the
               | majority.
        
               | joshstrange wrote:
               | > But I'm stating that each state has an equal say in the
               | decision (in the Senate) precisely because it impacts
               | states approximatepy equally
               | 
               | I do not agree that impacts states equally nor do I buy
               | into the premise that states should have an equal say. We
               | aren't seeing the tyranny of the majority, we are seeing
               | the tyranny of the minority between the filibuster and
               | the senate not being representative of the people.
        
               | vonzeppelin wrote:
               | This is mainly because Congress will not increase the
               | size of the House of Representatives. If we were to give
               | Wyoming a single representative and used that as the bar
               | for how many citizens a representative should actually
               | represent then California would have 82 members in the
               | House instead of 53. California would be worth 84 points
               | in the Electoral College while Wyoming would still only
               | be worth 3.
        
           | remarkEon wrote:
           | This is confusing. You claim that we have "minority rule"
           | when certain things have to be done through Congress ... but
           | by implication you prefer these decisions be made by SCOTUS
           | (an unelected "minority" if there ever was one)?
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | I never said relying on SCOTUS was a good idea but neither
             | is tearing down precedent and kicking it back to an
             | organization which will not or can not act.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | So we should just ignore the Constitution because our
               | elected representatives, who we can actually kick out of
               | office, don't want to do their jobs?
        
             | tuckerman wrote:
             | Not who you are replying to, but my personal take is that
             | we are deciding between Congress and career government
             | employees making these regulations, not Congress and
             | SCOTUS.
        
           | worker_person wrote:
           | For EPA. Court took power away from unelected bureaucrats and
           | gave it back to elected officials.
           | 
           | For Row. Court took power away from itself and gave it back
           | to elected officials.
           | 
           | You can vote for those elected officials. This is democracy
           | working as intended.
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | > You can vote for those elected officials. This is
             | democracy working as intended.
             | 
             | Not when elected officials can pick their voters and throw
             | out the election results they don't like. Please join the
             | rest of us in reality and not the la la land where our
             | system is working or even healthy.
        
               | spoils19 wrote:
               | Given that largely only happens in liberal states, yet
               | liberal states are the ones most against this ruling, it
               | makes you question the motives of those concerned.
        
             | philosopher1234 wrote:
             | This is exactly the type of comment I'm talking about.
        
           | robonerd wrote:
           | > _it 's clear democracy is dying._
           | 
           | If democracy died every time somebody got mad at the outcomes
           | and made claims like that, it would have been dead before it
           | even started, and subsequently re-died every year since. What
           | exactly was so democractic about SCOTUS permitting the
           | executive branch to write their own laws anyway? Writing laws
           | is meant to be the job of Congress. You can claim Congress is
           | insufficiently democratic due to gerrymandering, but less
           | democratic than the judicial and executive branches? Give me
           | a break. Congress remains the most democratic of the three,
           | and this SCOTUS decision gives power back to Congress.
        
             | fullstackchris wrote:
             | Regardless, you can't ignore the far reaching affects of
             | Trump as president and January 6th. Was it just a "phase"?
             | Perhaps. But any scenario I can think of leads to more of
             | this boneheaded nonsense. You can't simply say 'bah people
             | disagreeing is not the end of democracy' and be done with
             | it. The statistics are there; the US is far more polarized
             | and contentious than it ever was before.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | This country has stumbled through boneheaded nonsense
               | after boneheaded nonsense ever since it was founded. What
               | is going on now is not even remotely the worst it has
               | ever been, and I don't think you can rationally plot any
               | trajectory from the present to "death of democracy"
               | unless you are discounting any datapoint more than a few
               | years old.
               | 
               | > _the US is far more polarized and contentious than it
               | ever was before._
               | 
               | This is completely divorced from reality. Everything that
               | has happened in the past 10 years is a mere candle to the
               | bonfire that was the Civil War. You _must_ be discounting
               | datapoints you didn 't live through if you really believe
               | what you've said here. Shit man, the present state of
               | affairs is tame even compared to the 60s and 70s.
        
           | citilife wrote:
           | > it's clear democracy is dying.
           | 
           | The united states has never been a democracy. The united
           | states was designed with a state being a nation, each nation
           | joined a federation (the united states). This is similar to
           | the EU (they're following the same model).
           | 
           | Your local governments still have WAY more power over your
           | life than the federal government. Think about your daily
           | life, when you drive do you worry about speeding in town? If
           | you do, that's because your local government. Local taxes,
           | approvals for construction, education, health services,
           | power, etc is all decided locally.
           | 
           | Local governments are decided within a community, they can
           | ignore federal laws. Local officials are decided via a
           | democratic way, direct votes. IMO that's actually becoming
           | stronger, as the federal government weakens, it returns the
           | power to where it belongs people and local government.
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | Yeah but how do I get people in other communities to live
             | how I would prefer them to?
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | Hopefully you meant that as funny...because it is!
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | > Your local governments still have WAY more power over
             | your life than the federal government
             | 
             | This was true a 100 years ago, i don't know if it's true
             | anymore. My retirement, how much i pay in taxes, can I get
             | healthcare, what does that healthcare look like, how much
             | pollutants can the power plant produce, how safe is the car
             | I drive, and many more questions are determined by the
             | federal government.
        
         | johndhi wrote:
         | I, for one, wish the EPA (or some body) were empowered to do
         | more than it does, but I also (to some degree) respect the
         | logic of many conservative judicial opinions. Just sayin.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | If that's your argument, then surely the proper approach is to
         | criticize the Court for those instances where their logic _isn
         | 't_ consistent, instead of when the logic is consistent. For
         | example, Thomas vigorously dissented in _Gonzales v. Raich_ ,
         | where Scalia voted to uphold federal marijuana restrictions as
         | a proper exercise of the Commerce power.
         | 
         | There is nothing wrong with judges having an "agenda" as long
         | as that agenda rests on legal doctrine and philosophy, and not
         | "outcomes."
        
           | philosopher1234 wrote:
           | It's interesting that you are bringing the conversation back
           | to consistency when I explicitly said my POV is that
           | consistency (here) is a red herring.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | How can consistency possibly be a "red herring" when
             | talking about judicial decisions?
        
               | philosopher1234 wrote:
               | Suppose I'm a pro lifer for reasons I'm ashamed of. The
               | supreme court strikes down roe v wade, and I'm secretly
               | pleased, but can't admit it. Wouldn't it be nice to
               | defend the decision by arguing about its consistency?
               | 
               | It's a red herring in these discussions because it's not
               | the true reason people support it.
        
               | hundt wrote:
               | I think the argument is that there are multiple judicial
               | philosophies that can be chosen from, and you can
               | generally predict what outcomes will result from
               | following a philosophy consistently over time, so a
               | justice chooses the philosophy that results in the
               | outcomes they want. And therefore they could have chosen
               | their philosophy for partisan outcome-based reasons, so
               | consistently following it is no defense to accusations of
               | partisanship.
        
         | jahewson wrote:
         | I keep seeing this "if you disagree with me you must believe
         | something really bad and I'm going to put those words into your
         | mouth" rhetorical device around. Does it have a name? It's
         | tedious.
         | 
         | The court's position that the executive cannot unilaterally
         | govern by bending the rules is a good thing! The problem is
         | that the line they draw is arbitrary - and they just insert
         | their agenda at the boundary.
         | 
         | The perfect thus becomes the enemy of the good, because the
         | court chose a questionable boundary and because the legislature
         | is now responsible for passing the necessary laws - as they
         | should. In reality, they won't do that, but that's not the
         | court's fault.
         | 
         | Now you can certainly make the argument that the court should
         | stick with the precedent of deferring to the executive instead
         | of the legislature (laws after all, cannot anticipate
         | everything and the court can avoid having to create arbitrary
         | boundaries). But that's a conversation that's got nothing to do
         | with climate change or any specific outcome.
         | 
         | For comparison, how did you feel about the court deferring to
         | the Trump executive? Was their rule bending something we want
         | to see more of? If a liberal court broke with precedent in the
         | same manner to restrict Trump from doing something crazy, would
         | that be good?
        
         | itsoktocry wrote:
         | > _Their logic can be consistent and they can still be
         | partisans, looking to implement a specific agenda._
         | 
         | While your logic is consistent, unbiased, agenda-free and non-
         | partisan.
         | 
         | > _because they support the outcomes these rulings enact._
         | 
         | While the fact that you do not support these outcomes has no
         | bearing in your opinions on the matter.
        
           | philosopher1234 wrote:
           | I never claimed either of those things. I am biased too. We
           | are all biased. We should be discussing openly our opinions
           | of these outcomes, not wasting time hiding behind procedural
           | arguments.
        
         | extheat wrote:
         | If you take an overly simplistic view of things then yes every
         | ruling is partisan everywhere. This by itself is not a
         | meaningful insight because all forms of government will be
         | corrupt. The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
         | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
         | explicitly does say and is permitted to say per the
         | Constitution. I believe if we set aside climate change, for
         | most reasonable people it's not hard to see that the executive
         | branch took action that the legislative branch never gave them,
         | (and likely did so because they knew such laws could not pass
         | Congress).
        
           | johndhi wrote:
           | >The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
           | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
           | explicitly does say
           | 
           | This is actually a modern take that was essentially created
           | by Justice Scalia. I like the take ("textualism") in many
           | ways but, to be clear, the SCOTUS has no such mandate.
        
           | TameAntelope wrote:
           | The legislative branch _did_ give these agencies permission
           | to take the actions they have, when those agencies were
           | founded. The fact that SCOTUS disagrees doesn 't make them
           | right.
           | 
           | Also, outcomes matter. If before a ruling, a group of people
           | had rights, and after a ruling those people have fewer
           | rights, the cause of the loss of those rights is the ruling.
        
           | specialist wrote:
           | > _The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
           | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
           | explicitly does say and is permitted to say per the
           | Constitution._
           | 
           | Your positivist legal philosophy is not shared by the Roberts
           | Court.
           | 
           | > _it's not hard to see that the executive branch took action
           | that the legislative branch never gave them_
           | 
           | The dissenting opinion explicitly argues that Congress did
           | explicitly grant the Executive to explicitly regulate GHG
           | emissions, both the manner and the amount.
           | 
           |  _" The limits the majority now puts on EPA's authority fly
           | in the face of the statute Congress wrote. The majority says
           | it is simply "not plausible" that Congress enabled EPA to
           | regulate power plants' emissions through generation shifting.
           | Ante, at 31. But that is just what Congress did when it
           | broadly authorized EPA in Section 111 to select the "best
           | system of emission reduction" for power plants. The "best
           | system" full stop--no ifs, ands, or buts of any kind relevant
           | here. The parties do not dispute that generation shifting is
           | indeed the "best system" the most effective and efficient way
           | to reduce power plants' carbon dioxide emissions. And no
           | other provision in the Clean Air Act suggests that Congress
           | meant to foreclose EPA from selecting that system; to the
           | contrary, the Plan's regulatory approach fits hand-in-glove
           | with the rest of the statute. The majority's decision rests
           | on one claim alone: that generation shifting is just too new
           | and too big a deal for Congress to have authorized it in
           | Section 111's general terms. But that is wrong. A key reason
           | Congress makes broad delegations like Section 111 is so an
           | agency can respond, appropriately and commensurately, to new
           | and big problems. Congress knows what it doesn't and can't
           | know when it drafts a statute; and Congress therefore gives
           | an expert agency the power to address issues--even
           | significant ones--as and when they arise. That is what
           | Congress did in enacting Section 111. The majority today
           | overrides that legislative choice. In so doing, it deprives
           | EPA of the power needed--and the power granted--to curb the
           | emission of greenhouse gases."_
        
             | trafficante wrote:
             | Despite my being very far to the "left" of the Biden Admin
             | on environmental preservation, Kagan's quoted dissent
             | actually convinced me this was a sound legal ruling - even
             | if I'm personally unhappy about the issue at hand.
             | 
             | The "best system of emission reduction" from Sec. 7411 is
             | in regards to "standards of practices for new stationary
             | sources" - the definition for a "stationary source" is a
             | few paragraphs down and the broadest it gets is
             | "facility/installation".
             | 
             | Even if you buy the argument that the regulatory authority
             | expands to the entire grid because the concept of a multi-
             | sourced power grid didn't exist in the 1970s (which doesn't
             | pass the smell test tbh), the rest of Sec. 111 makes it
             | absolutely clear that "best system" was intended to be in
             | reference to technological advances/upgrades that would
             | make individual plants/buildings less pollutant.
             | 
             | Forcing a power generation shift from a coal plant to a
             | hydro plant 40 miles away is definitely out of scope for
             | what's spelled out in the Act and Congress needs to get off
             | their asses if they want the EPA to have that sort of
             | power. And maybe toss in some funding for nuclear while
             | they're addressing this whole "best system" thing.
        
           | radley wrote:
           | > The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
           | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
           | explicitly does say and is permitted to say per the
           | Constitution.
           | 
           | That's a farcical excuse to achieve the desired outcome. If
           | the only "acceptable expert advice" is 200 years old, then
           | they're just being obstinate.
        
           | kajecounterhack wrote:
           | > If you take an overly simplistic view of things then yes
           | every ruling is partisan everywhere
           | 
           | The courts are needed because interpretation of law is NOT
           | cut and dry. But if interpretation is involved, it's going to
           | be partisan. If it weren't partisan, these rulings by 6-3
           | majorities, formed by judges appointed by Republicans,
           | wouldn't be so in line with Republican priorities.
           | 
           | It's not an "overly simplistic view."
           | 
           | > The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
           | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
           | explicitly does say and is permitted to say per the
           | Constitution
           | 
           | You make this sound like an objective function, which it is
           | not. Judges can interpret the constitution differently, they
           | can interpret written laws differently, and how the two
           | relate can be subject to subjectivity as well.
           | 
           | I also question the premise. All government is beholden to
           | the people, so while congress is supposed to pass laws that
           | represent the will of the people, SCOTUS is ultimately
           | supposed to interpret laws in a way that represents the will
           | of the people as well -- THAT is its purpose. Roe's
           | overturning is an example of that utterly failing.
        
           | spencerflem wrote:
           | I dont think that is obvious at all, given the broad
           | oversight over emissions given to the EPA.
           | 
           | Furthermore, I think looking at the recent decisions to
           | uphold gerrymandered maps in Alabama and Louisiana should
           | without a shadow of a doubt prove how partisan the court is.
           | 
           | And they can't claim to be "literalist" or "originalist" when
           | deciding that border patrols duties are more important than
           | the 4th ammendment
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Both parties engage in gerrymandering whenever they get the
             | chance.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | Uhh, yeah, but this is the Supreme Court who, if you look
               | at the rest of this thread, people are claiming is "non
               | partisan"
               | 
               | So if the supreme court is doing it then they're partisan
               | QED
               | 
               | Also, please, one side is doing much more voter
               | suppression than the other
        
           | philosopher1234 wrote:
           | >The purpose of SCOTUS isn't to rule based on what the
           | desired outcome is, it's to rule based on what the law
           | explicitly does say and is permitted to say per the
           | Constitution
           | 
           | I claim they have never done this. That every ruling has had
           | an eye towards the outcome, whether stated or unstated, and
           | that when they claim to be acting as mechanistic evaluators
           | they are attempting to hide their interest in the effect
           | they're having.
           | 
           | Besides, its a terrible idea. The real effects of their
           | rulings matter much more than the philosophy.
        
             | pfortuny wrote:
             | The burden of proof on such a sweeping statement is clearly
             | on you...
        
               | philosopher1234 wrote:
               | How do you prove whats in anothers heart? Its not
               | provable.
               | 
               | But if you dont try and figure it out, you can't
               | understand the world.
               | 
               | If you don't think its true, why not?
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | > Besides, its a terrible idea. The real effects of their
             | rulings matter much more than the philosophy.
             | 
             | If that's your view, then we should just abolish courts.
             | What's the point of having unelected legislators?
        
             | hcurtiss wrote:
        
             | specialist wrote:
             | WRT so-called "textualism" and "originalism", I fully
             | agree.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | I support this ruling _not_ because I think that the EPA
         | shouldn 't have the authority to cap emissions, but because I
         | agree with the Court that Congress never intended to grant the
         | EPA that authority. I believe strongly that the executive
         | authorities--be that police, FBI, NSA, ICE, or EPA--should
         | _not_ have the ability to creatively interpret laws. If we
         | allow them to do that, we open the door to innumerable abuses.
         | 
         | So, yes, I support the outcomes of this ruling just as much as
         | I support the reasoning. Congress needs to get its act together
         | and legislate, not let the Executive branch make up rules to
         | fill the void they've left.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | 30944836 wrote:
           | >because I agree with the Court that Congress never intended
           | to grant the EPA that authority.
           | 
           | Luckily nothing stops Congress from making laws that clarify
           | what they granted the EPA. If they were so fussed with the
           | EPA doing what they were doing, why didn't they leap up and
           | pass a law that told them to stop?
           | 
           | Why is it the court's job to tell congress what they meant to
           | say? Is congress mute?
        
             | jaywalk wrote:
             | You're looking at it completely backwards. Congress was
             | fine to let the EPA run around and do whatever, because
             | that means people can bitch at the EPA instead of Congress.
             | 
             | > Why is it the court's job to tell congress what they
             | meant to say?
             | 
             | That's... not what they're doing. The court is telling
             | Congress that if you want an agency to have the power to
             | make vast, sweeping changes, then you have to be explicit.
             | They don't get to create an agency and then just give them
             | blanket authority to do anything they want, at any scale.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | It is the court's job to ensure the law is enforced as
             | written. Where ambiguity exists, it is the court's job to
             | interpret the law. That's literally the entire purpose of a
             | court.
             | 
             | Congress is not mute. Congress speaks by passing laws. Any
             | other, less formal means of speaking is the voice of
             | members of Congress, not Congress as a whole.
        
           | dan_quixote wrote:
           | >police, FBI, NSA, ICE, or EPA--should not have the ability
           | to creatively interpret laws
           | 
           | That's simply not possible unless we have literal laws for
           | every possible infraction - like a state machine for the
           | human condition.
        
           | ChrisLTD wrote:
           | Why should the Supreme Court decide if a government agency
           | has assumed power not granted to it by Congress? Congress
           | still exists, and Congress can always pass a law kneecapping
           | the agency in question.
        
             | stingrae wrote:
             | The Supreme Court is supposed to be a check on the
             | Executive and Legislative Branch? In modern times, the
             | Executive Branch assumes much power not explicitly granted
             | to it and it is the job of the Legislative and Judicial
             | branches to keep it in check.
             | 
             | If congress, doesn't like the ruling, it can reverse it in
             | legislation.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Because our system is, by default, not one of assuming the
             | government is all powerful and we restrict it here and
             | there, but one where we must proactively add a power.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Because that's literally in their job description:
             | 
             | > The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and
             | equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the
             | United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made,
             | under their authority ... --to controversies to which the
             | United States shall be a party;
             | 
             | https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articleiii
        
           | landryraccoon wrote:
           | I find this argument very unconvincing.
           | 
           | To use an engineering analogy, if the government were a
           | software application, this is very much like a senior
           | engineer going on a major refactor of a production system,
           | causing huge breaking changes for the sake of "principles",
           | without consulting product, CS or QA. For the sake of
           | argument, lets grant that there's some force to those
           | principles. Is that justification for suddenly breaking a
           | system that was working and causing a massive amount of
           | confusion for downstream users that were blindsided and now
           | have to do massive updates of their own?
           | 
           | Okay, now lets suppose that the same senior engineer was
           | secretly (or perhaps even openly) beating the drum for some
           | _feature_ changes behind the scenes, and nobody liked the
           | features he was proposing. Now after the refactor, it turns
           | out that for  "technical reasons" the features now work the
           | way HE wanted them to. When asked, he claims it wasn't a
           | political decision, it was driven _purely_ by engineering
           | concerns,  "cleaning up tech debt" and so forth, he claims.
           | Might it seem to you that the refactor was just a smokescreen
           | for just getting the feature changes he wanted into
           | production?
           | 
           | If this engineer was at your company, would you keep them on,
           | or fire them as soon as possible?
           | 
           | Now according to your argument, you view SCOTUS as the
           | engineering team, and Congress as the product team. You're
           | saying that ten years after you release a feature, the
           | technical lead can say "Hey, you remember that spec for those
           | features we released to production 10 years ago? I think we
           | did it wrong, we need to refactor it so it works right. Also
           | that was the old engineering lead, and I never liked them
           | anyway. It'll be a major breaking change, but that shouldn't
           | be an obstacle to doing it right this time. Should we ask
           | Product or the Executive team first? Of course not, we know
           | what we're doing."
        
             | bumby wrote:
             | _Is that justification for suddenly breaking a system that
             | was working_
             | 
             | The fact that West Virginia v. EPA was brought up in the
             | first place indicates that the system was not working, at
             | least for some stakeholders.
             | 
             | Even if the system was working for _most stakeholders_ does
             | not mean it was Constitutional. The Court 's job is to
             | determine legality, but they need to wait until a case is
             | brought before them, whether it's immediately or 10 years
             | later. It's due process.
        
             | 656565656565 wrote:
             | you find a political argument unconvincing so apply a
             | software engineering analogy
        
               | landryraccoon wrote:
               | I applied it by way of analogy.
               | 
               | If you want a political analogy, politically, there is no
               | "right or wrong". SCOTUS is not motivated by adherence to
               | precedent, they clearly have an ideological agenda.
               | 
               | They are not, for example, legalizing marijuana, on the
               | grounds that the FDA should not have the authority to
               | schedule drugs. They chose to go after environmental
               | regulations because they ideologically prefer capitalist
               | interests over environmental ones. It is brazenly
               | political, as was their overturning of Roe vs Wade.
        
               | kokanator wrote:
               | >They are not, for example, legalizing marijuana, on the
               | grounds that the FDA should not have the authority to
               | schedule drugs
               | 
               | But the FDA DOES have the congressional mandate by law to
               | schedule drugs even details regarding what those
               | schedules are.
               | 
               | The difference here is the EPA does not have the mandated
               | far the reaching authority they are enacting which would
               | fundamentally change the entire economy.
        
             | OrvalWintermute wrote:
             | Maybe you played hooky in Civics 101, or maybe not, but
             | your understanding and analogy both require substantial
             | correction.
             | 
             | Fixing this:
             | 
             | If the government were a software application, this is very
             | much like a project led by three senior engineers for a
             | system using a widely agreed upon Design that was flexible,
             | but included boundaries. This consisted of Four major
             | elements: (1) Codified Business Decisions, (2) Execution
             | Environment, that mainly ran the project management, and
             | the security (3) The Business Representatives, who created
             | new Business Decisions, and a (4) User Community who
             | ultimately controlled all of above, and paid all of the
             | bills. The first three major elements regularly jockeyed
             | for control over the software app. Over time, they deviated
             | from the initial Design in ways that favored themselves and
             | made the environment less favorable for the User Community.
             | Business Decisions started to critique, and invent new
             | business decisions out of thin air. Execution Environment
             | tried to take over everything in spite of the agreed-upon
             | Design, and existing Business Decisions. Even the Business
             | Representatives went off the rails to favor the consultants
             | that were treating them to fancy dinners instead of the
             | business units they were sent to represent, and they
             | started to define the future roadmap to include proprietary
             | functionality, written by the consultants. But, the
             | consultants also tried to subvert Codified Business
             | Decisions and Execution Environment.
             | 
             | Over time, the User Community took actions to correct some
             | of the most egregious errors by the Codified Business
             | Decisions senior engineer that violated the original, as-
             | modified Design. He did not receive an engineering change
             | proposal that was funded and vetted by the Business
             | Representatives, nope, he was just a cowboy. Through
             | influence, they were able to impact the hiring of the
             | newest crop of Senior Engineers, and revisit past errors.
             | The new senior engineer in Codified Business Decisions
             | revisited some of the decisions the User community claimed
             | was encroaching. Codified Business Decisions finally stated
             | that would undo what they determined was a bridge too far
             | in a business decision that the Business Representatives
             | had never supported broadly, and had never received
             | agreement. They prioritized it as a fix in the sprint, and
             | then pushed it. The fix came out, and the consultant class
             | declared war. They'd been enriching themselves at the
             | expense of the User Community for a long time. In a related
             | topic, another member of the consultant class was caught by
             | Execution Environment rentacops trying to assassinate a
             | junior member of the Business Decisions Engineering Staff,
             | for a similar decision with which the consultants
             | disagreed. Other consultants declared they would kill off
             | all the junior members of the Business Decisions group.
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | > this is very much like a senior engineer going on a major
             | refactor of a production system, causing huge breaking
             | changes for the sake of "principles"
             | 
             | That's what the people with the creative interpretations on
             | the constitution did. This is restoring to a previous
             | commit before that happened.
        
               | landryraccoon wrote:
               | Would you restore to a decades old previous commit on a
               | system that had been running just fine in production that
               | entire time?
               | 
               | SCOTUS isn't even really the engineering team imho,
               | they're _devops_. If they 're there just to enforce the
               | rules, the rules are set just as much by precedent as by
               | the letter of the law, since precedent is what is already
               | working. They should just keep the system running and
               | have a strong bias for favoring the status quo.
               | 
               | This court isn't "conservative" in the traditional sense;
               | I would call them hyper-reactionary.
        
               | car_analogy wrote:
               | > Would you restore to a decades old previous commit on a
               | system that had been running just fine in production that
               | entire time?
               | 
               | So you believe the Supreme Court should not have ruled
               | anti-racemixing laws unconstitutional, because they had
               | been considered valid for 99 years since the passing of
               | the 14th Amendment (which the Court used to justify its
               | decision), whose authors were alive during much of that
               | time, and hadn't mentioned that they've been made
               | unconstitutional by its passing?
               | 
               | Or is it that if the court moves in one direction, that's
               | okay and progress and living constitution. But if it
               | moves back, that's hyper-reactionary and they should just
               | maintain the status quo? In other words, you want a
               | ratchet that only moves in the direction you like, even
               | if it means ignoring the law in favor of the status quo
               | (but only in cases where you like the status quo)?
        
               | SamPatt wrote:
               | "running just fine in production" is your assessment.
               | 
               | The court's job isn't to decide if the system runs well
               | or not. It's to uphold the legal structure which was
               | established long ago, because of the initial belief thaf
               | in the long run a system without checks and balances will
               | fall apart.
               | 
               | Federal branch agencies need clear limits to their power.
               | There are many historical examples of why this matters.
               | Congress failed to create clear limits for the EPA, and
               | the court is telling them they need to do their job.
               | That's the court's job.
               | 
               | I like seeing one branch of government do its job and
               | keep another branch accountable. Nothing prevents
               | Congress from granting them those powers explicitly -
               | except for political will, which is exactly the point
               | (agencies shouldn't be doing things for which there is no
               | political will).
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > Federal branch agencies need clear limits to their
               | power.
               | 
               | Yes, and if Congress wanted to set these limits, they
               | would do so.
               | 
               | Which, in the case of the EPA, _they did_.
               | 
               | The court looked at the limits, and decided they didn't
               | like them.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | _Nothing prevents Congress from granting them those
               | powers explicitly_
               | 
               | I think you're correct, but just to play devil's
               | advocate...is it possible that as society get more
               | complex, it prevents them from doing so? It's jarring to
               | hear Congress talk about passing bills before they read
               | them, but in the context of everything the would have to
               | know in an increasingly complex society, it may be a sad
               | fact that don't have the ability to both pragmatically
               | and judiciously create laws.
               | 
               | Thinking in terms of software; it's easy to come up with
               | hard rules for writing "Hello World" programs. But expand
               | it to a space shuttle with hundreds of thousands of lines
               | of codes, the number of interfaces grows so fast that
               | creating centralized hard rules becomes nearly
               | impossible.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | We're not a software shop, we're a country that has deep,
             | systemic problems with executive overreach and abuse.
             | Analogizing to a company producing banal software
             | trivializes the extent of the problems we're facing and
             | abstracts away a _lot_ of real concerns into fungible
             | "features".
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | > I agree with the Court that Congress never intended to
           | grant the EPA that authority
           | 
           | Congress did grant the EPA that authority; the ruling is an
           | objection to the principle that Congress can make broad
           | grants of authority.
           | 
           | Delegation of authority is key to every effective
           | organization. Imagine corporations were governed like this,
           | and any time a new service or feature was rolled out, the
           | Board of Directors would have to explicitly sign off on it.
           | Work would grind to a halt.
           | 
           | Which is exactly the point of this ruling, to make the
           | federal government even more ineffectual than it already is
           | as part of an ideological crusade.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | > Congress did grant the EPA that authority; the ruling is
             | an objection to the principle that Congress can make broad
             | grants of authority.
             | 
             | That's entirely incorrect, please read the article.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | To be explicit, Congress granted the EPA the authority to
               | set "a standard for emissions of air pollutants which
               | reflects the degree of emission limitation achievable
               | through the application of the best system of emission
               | reduction."
               | 
               | The majority believes that's too broad a grant and that
               | usage of that authority needs a second authorization from
               | Congress.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | From the end of the ruling (emphasis added) [0]:
             | 
             | > Capping carbon dioxide emissions at a level that will
             | force a nationwide transition away from the use of coal to
             | generate electricity may be a sensible "solution to the
             | crisis of the day." But it is not plausible that Congress
             | gave the EPA the authority to adopt on its own such a
             | regulatory scheme in Section 111(d). A decision of such
             | magnitude and consequence rests with Congress itself, _or
             | an agency acting pursuant to a clear delegation from that
             | representative body._
             | 
             | It seems pretty clear that Congress _does_ have the
             | authority to delegate, but that the Court ruled that
             | Congress didn 't intend to do so. This ruling places the
             | ball firmly in Congress's court, it doesn't rule that
             | Congress cannot act.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-1530_n75
             | 8.pdf
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | Congress can only delegate authority that it actually has
               | itself. Read the 10th amendment of the constitution and
               | it's clear that Congress doesn't have nearly as much
               | authority as most of us apparently assume they do.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | "Clear delegation" is the key phrase, there. The Court
               | rejects the idea that Congress can create broad grants of
               | authority and instead propounds the idea that it has to
               | explicitly authorize every potential scenario.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | They talk elsewhere about "clear delegation", and it
               | doesn't have to do with the scope of the delegation, it
               | has to do with its precision:
               | 
               | > Thus, in certain extraordinary cases, both separation
               | of powers principles and a practical understanding of
               | legislative intent make us "reluctant to read into
               | ambiguous statutory text" the delegation claimed to be
               | lurking there. To convince us otherwise, something more
               | than a merely plausible textual basis for the agency
               | action is necessary. The agency instead must point to
               | "clear congressional authorization" for the power it
               | claims.
               | 
               | I can find nowhere where they say that Congress cannot
               | delegate broad powers, only that it's not obvious that
               | Congress did or that they intended to. Do you have a
               | citation to the contrary, or are you making assumptions
               | based on the news coverage?
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Requiring Congress to precisely enumerating every
               | possible use of authority indefinitely into the future is
               | by definition limiting the scope of authority that
               | Congress can delegate.
               | 
               | Imagine Congress passes an act next year banning
               | abortion, and creates a new agency to enforce that act.
               | The next year, a new method is invented that can induce
               | abortions. Can that agency regulate it? By the logic of
               | the Court, it can't, because Congress never explicitly
               | authorized regulation of that particular form of abortion
               | (because it didn't exist yet).
        
               | kokanator wrote:
               | You should read the whole law. It does limit their
               | ability and has checks in balances of which they have
               | over stepped. It is that simple.[0]
               | 
               | The court has stated if they want to extend their
               | authority to the level they are enacting then congress
               | must pass laws to expressly denote that intention.
               | 
               | States have rights in the original law. They are
               | exercising this right and the court has agreed with them.
               | 
               | I think the last sentence in the original article sum's
               | up why people are truly upset. Remember the court didn't
               | say the EPA can't do these things in the future just that
               | Congress would have to give it the authority.
               | 
               | From the original article:
               | 
               | "It's now clear this court will turn a sceptical eye to
               | agency attempts to cite vague or broad laws to enact any
               | sort of major regulatory changes. That's a significant
               | development, given how difficult it has been for Congress
               | to pass substantive new legislation in recent years. The
               | time when presidents could find unilateral "work-arounds"
               | in existing law may be coming to an end."
               | 
               | [0] https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2013-title
               | 42/html...
        
               | vanattab wrote:
               | >The time when presidents could find unilateral "work-
               | arounds" in existing law may be coming to an end."
               | 
               | It's about damn time if you ask me. As a country we need
               | to hold our elected representatives accountable. We send
               | legislators to congress to legislate not to simply be
               | talking heads who pass the buck.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Congress did explicitly grant that authority to the EPA:
               | particularly it gave the EPA the authority to set "a
               | standard for emissions of air pollutants which reflects
               | the degree of emission limitation achievable through the
               | application of the best system of emission reduction."
               | 
               | Where, exactly, are you claiming that the EPA ran afoul
               | of the law?
        
               | kokanator wrote:
               | "The term "standard of performance" means a standard for
               | emissions of air pollutants which reflects the degree of
               | emission limitation achievable through the application of
               | the best system of emission reduction which (taking into
               | account the cost of achieving such reduction and any
               | nonair quality health and environmental impact"
               | 
               | Note the portion that states "taking into account the
               | cost of achieving such reduction". This is in the very
               | first paragraph. The argument is that they have not
               | adequately done this.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | The ruling doesn't claim the EPA didn't take into the
               | cost of achieving the reduction in pollutants; it claims
               | that Congress didn't appropriately delegate to the EPA
               | the authority to implement systems to reduce the
               | pollutants.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | You're still assuming that the Court says Congress needs
               | to enumerate powers. I don't see that. I see the Court
               | saying that Congress didn't _explicitly_ grant broad
               | powers. Do you have a citation that shows that the court
               | is saying that Congress cannot grant broad powers?
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | You can read the particular text granting the authority
               | here:
               | 
               | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2013-title42/h
               | tml...
               | 
               | If you think that isn't a broad, explicit grant of
               | authority to regulate air pollution from stationary
               | sources, I don't know what to tell you.
               | 
               | The majority on the decision are basically saying, "well,
               | my gut says they didn't mean that much authority, so
               | we're going to shut down this program."
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | The specific delegation is the power to set "standards of
               | performance," which is explicitly defined: "term
               | 'standard of performance' means a standard for emissions
               | of air pollutants _which reflects the degree of emission
               | limitation achievable through the application of the best
               | system of emission reduction_.... "
               | 
               | The term "system of emissions reduction" means control
               | technology like scrubbers. What the law says is that the
               | EPA can do is look at the state of the art for things
               | like particulate matter scrubbers, and set an emissions
               | standard based on the reduction that can be achieved
               | using those technologies.
               | 
               | But it's infeasible using current technology to scrub out
               | CO2 from power plant emissions.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | > The term "system of emissions reduction" means control
               | technology like scrubbers.
               | 
               | So the Majority asserts. The law, however, specifies
               | nothing of the sort and intentionally uses broad
               | phrasing.
               | 
               | The plain meaning of "system of emissions reduction" is
               | "a set of measures that work together to reduce
               | emissions" (as the EPA itself points out). And this is
               | consistent with usage elsewhere in the Clean Air Act: in
               | it, Congress refers to a cap-and-trade setup as an
               | "emission allocation and transfer _system_. " Systems
               | clearly can be things that aren't just control
               | technology.
               | 
               | The Majority is inventing an arbitrary and unsupported
               | narrow definition of system for ideological reasons.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Sorry, that's wrong. The word "system" is obviously
               | broad, but the term "system of emissions reduction" is
               | used within the statute to refer to emissions control
               | technology.
               | 
               | Apart from being clear from the individual statutory
               | provisions, that's the premise of the statute as a whole.
               | The whole idea was that the EPA could limit emissions to
               | the point that existing point sources could go out and
               | buy equipment to meet the emissions criteria. The statute
               | thus talks about BACT versus RACT and LEAR and whatnot.
               | (I took a bunch of classes in environmental law in law
               | school.)
               | 
               | If you read "system" to be a nonce word that can refer to
               | any possible measure, then the statute makes no sense.
               | The EPA could just pick an arbitrary emissions limit, and
               | demand industry-level restructuring to hit that limit.
               | That's exactly what Congress was trying to avoid by
               | imposing that requirement.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | (cribbing an argument from the dissent)
               | 
               | The statute as a whole clearly delineates between when it
               | means to limit authority to technological systems of
               | control. Elsewhere in different provisions, Congress
               | declined to give the EPA broad authority as it does in
               | 111, using phrasing like
               | 
               | "reflect the greatest degree of emission reduction
               | achievable through the application of technology."
               | 
               | "best available retrofit technology"
               | 
               | "best available control technology"
               | 
               | "maximum achievable control technology"
               | 
               | Congress clearly was conscious of the difference between
               | technological systems and more general ones, and it
               | declined to limit the EPA's authority here to
               | technological systems.
        
               | hindsightbias wrote:
               | "something more than a merely plausible textual basis for
               | the agency action is necessary"
               | 
               | I love it when textualists go anti-textualist.
               | 
               | If people are going to espouse an absolutist ideology,
               | they should at least be consistent.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | "Beyond merely plausible" is what they're looking for,
               | not "beyond textual".
        
               | pierrebai wrote:
               | Just read the dissenting opinions. That you chose not to,
               | clearly, is a choice you made to avoid confronting
               | differing viewpoints.
               | 
               | Also, consistently and repeatedly asking others to
               | research for you is an easy debating tactic used
               | frequently to bury inconvenient facts behind a barrage of
               | requests.
        
               | tmaly wrote:
               | Consider this. What would happen to the powers of future
               | Congresses if SCOTUS had ruled the other way? Would any
               | agency granted broad authority be able to override the
               | wishes of a future Congress? What would happen to our
               | form of representative government under this case?
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | When the consequences of an executive agency's rulings
               | are a) not clearly within their delegated powers, and b)
               | sufficiently far-reaching that Congress should have
               | authorized them more explicitly, then it makes sense to
               | say that Congress must be more specific.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | From Kagan's dissent:
               | 
               | > Section 111(d) thus ensures that EPA regulates existing
               | power plants' emissions of all pollutants. When the
               | pollutant at issue falls within the NAAQS or HAP
               | programs, EPA need do no more. But when the pollutant
               | falls outside those programs, Section 111(d) requires EPA
               | to set an emissions level for currently operating power
               | plants (and other stationary sources). That means no
               | pollutant from such a source can go unregulated: As the
               | Senate Report explained, Section 111(d) guarantees that
               | "there should be no gaps in control activities pertaining
               | to stationary source emissions that pose any significant
               | danger to public health or welfare." S. Rep. No. 91-1196,
               | p. 20 (1970). Reflecting that language, the majority
               | calls Section 111(d) a "gap-filler." Ante, at 5. It might
               | also be thought of as a backstop or catch-all provision,
               | protecting against pollutants that the NAAQS and HAP
               | programs let go by. But the section is not, as the
               | majority further claims, an "ancillary provision" or a
               | statutory "backwater." Ante, at 20, 26. That
               | characterization is a non-sequitur. That something is a
               | backstop does not make it a backwater. Even if they are
               | needed only infrequently, see ante, at 6, 20, backstops
               | can perform a critical function--and this one surely
               | does. Again, Section 111(d) tells EPA that when a
               | pollutant--like carbon dioxide--is not regulated through
               | other programs, EPA must undertake a further regulatory
               | effort to control that substance's emission from existing
               | stationary sources. In that way, Section 111(d) operates
               | to ensure that the Act achieves comprehensive pollution
               | control.
               | 
               | That's pretty damn explicit.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | No, the key phrase is "magnitude and consequences." The
               | whole point of the "major questions doctrine" is that
               | routine scenarios can be delegated, but authority to
               | address a sweeping nationwide issue cannot be justified
               | on the basis of a delegation to address a limited set of
               | scenarios.
               | 
               | To use an analogy, nobody is saying that the DOJ needs
               | authority to create drug diversion programs. But this is
               | like the DOJ pointing to the drug laws to justify a
               | sweeping effort to combat the obesity epidemic.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | The analogy here would be Congress granting the DOJ the
               | authority to create drug diversion programs, a new drug
               | hitting the scene that requires a response not explicitly
               | called out in the initial legislation (e.g. distribution
               | of naxolone), and the Supreme Court then declaring that
               | response illegal because giving out naxolone just seems
               | like too big a deal to be decided without involving
               | Congress.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | No it isn't. The Clean Air Act is all about requiring
               | polluters to use control technology, and requiring new
               | sources to use better and more expensive control
               | technology than existing sources. That's the program
               | Congress designed.
               | 
               | Restructuring the energy industry to address climate is a
               | different solution to a different problem, related only
               | by the commonality of emissions into air. It's like using
               | drug laws to regulate processed foods because both
               | involve harm caused by ingesting things.
        
               | car_analogy wrote:
               | You are conflating "unclear" with "broad".
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Congress gives the EPA the authority to set "a standard
               | for emissions of air pollutants which reflects the degree
               | of emission limitation achievable through the application
               | of the best system of emission reduction."
               | 
               | That's pretty clearly a broad delegation of regulatory
               | authority.
        
             | citilife wrote:
             | > Congress did grant the EPA that authority
             | 
             | This is objectively false, the supreme court just ruled
             | that. Like it or not, they are the sole authority on said
             | issues / decisions.
        
               | radley wrote:
               | Huh? The Congress that created the EPA granted that
               | authority, which is why the EPA has had the court's full
               | support for decades. It took an extremely partisan SCOTUS
               | to invent an excuse to say the opposite.
        
               | citilife wrote:
               | Call them partisan all you'd like, SCOTUS has the
               | authority to make the determination of whether or not the
               | EPA had such authority.
               | 
               | Meaning, you can claim they are bias, but the EPA still
               | doesn't have said authority.
               | 
               | Nothing you, I or any pundit says will change that. At
               | least until congress grants it said authority. Which as
               | SCOTUS pointed out, congress tried to do, but congress
               | didn't pass the legislation. Now.. why would congress try
               | to pass legislation if the EPA already had said
               | authority?
        
               | guipsp wrote:
               | To prevent this exact situation from happening.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Or until the Court is packed, or until someone shoots up
               | members of the Court, or whatever.
               | 
               | You're arguing for simply the ability to execute the will
               | to power being the determinant of whether something is
               | right or not. Which is entirely your prerogative, but you
               | should be aware of what you're signing up for.
        
               | citilife wrote:
               | > You're arguing for simply the ability to execute the
               | will to power being the determinant of whether something
               | is right or not.
               | 
               | What is the function of the supreme court? (seriously,
               | what do you think it's job is?)
               | 
               | It said congress didn't authorize this, ask them. I don't
               | see how that's at all controversial.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > It said congress didn't authorize this, ask them.
               | 
               | They did. The House and Senate passed different language,
               | and it never got reconciled.
               | 
               | "The first related to an oversight during the
               | reconciliation of the Clean Air Act amendment in 1990
               | that resulted in the House and Senate versions of SS
               | 7411(d) to never be reconciled, and both versions were
               | codified into the signed law. The House version had
               | stated that because other parts of the Clean Air Act had
               | covered regulation of carbon dioxide, the EPA could not
               | use SS 7411(d) to cover carbon dioxide emissions from
               | existing plants, while the Senate version allowed for SS
               | 7411(d) to overlap carbon dioxide emissions coverage." -
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia_v._EPA
               | 
               | Due to a fuckup, SCOTUS got to pick the side they
               | preferred.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | If six justices on the Supreme Court call a tail a leg,
               | how many legs does a dog have?
               | 
               | Four. A tail is a tail, regardless of what you call it.
               | 
               | Congress intended to grant the EPA broad authority to
               | regulate pollution, but the SCOTUS said that that's
               | invalid.
        
               | citilife wrote:
               | Yes, the dog would still have four.
               | 
               | The Supreme Courts job is to determine if something was
               | legal, they were granted the authority by the people. If
               | we want to change that, congress (the people's
               | representation) can amend the constitution.
               | 
               | Congress can also clarify by granted the authority (as
               | the justices explained). At any point in the last 7 years
               | (while this court case has been ongoing), congress could
               | have enacted the laws, they discussed them. The
               | regulations didn't pass. The supreme court pointed that
               | out.
               | 
               | Why would congress put forth these rules if they had
               | already granted the EPA the authorization? -- because the
               | EPA never had such authority.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | > The Supreme Courts job is to determine if something was
               | legal, they were granted the authority by the people
               | 
               | :laughcryemoji
               | 
               | > Congress can also clarify by granted the authority (as
               | the justices explained). At any point in the last 7 years
               | (while this court case has been ongoing), congress could
               | have enacted the laws, they discussed them.
               | 
               | There's no need to explicitly grant authority for
               | authority already granted. If Congress wanted to change
               | the scope of the EPA's authority, Congress could just as
               | well have passed a law stripping the EPA of that
               | authority. It didn't.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | > The Supreme Courts job is to determine if something was
               | legal, they were granted the authority by the people
               | 
               | No, they invented that authority for themselves in
               | Marbury v. Madison[1]. Judicial review, the idea that
               | SCOTUS can decide whether the actions of the executive or
               | legislative branch are legal, is contained nowhere in the
               | constitution.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison
        
               | zosima wrote:
               | Well, the constitution grants the judiciary branch the
               | final say on all cases of legality. So I don't think it's
               | very controversial that they also have the final say on
               | the legality of the legislative and executive branch's
               | doings.
               | 
               | Also of course, this is exactly the separation of powers,
               | which is completely fundamental in all western societies.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | Obviously it's not controversial now because that's how
               | things have been done for more than 200 years, but the
               | Constitution is far from explicit that they have that
               | power.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | How do you read Article 3 Section 1 of the Constitution?
               | 
               | My reading is that it gives authority to federal courts
               | to determine if a law has or has not been violated. What
               | would the other intent be of creating a judicial branch?
               | (Not said with snark, just curious).
               | 
               | "You give (a) Authority to a system of federal courts to
               | judge whether or not a law has been violated..."[1]
               | 
               | [1] Findlay, B.A. and Findlay, E.B., 1919. Your Rugged
               | Constitution: How Americas House of Freedom is Planned
               | and Built. -.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | That's certainly how SCOTUS interpreted it, and a 200
               | year tradition of interpreting it that has made it so
               | that most people will now interpret it that way, but "The
               | judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in
               | one supreme Court" hardly makes it clear that they get to
               | decide the powers of the other two branches.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Devils advocate, if not the Supreme Court, then whom?
               | 
               | Congress makes a law. The Executive branch executes the
               | law. The Supreme Court interprets whether that law was
               | broken during its execution.
               | 
               | If you take out that third leg, is the assumption that
               | Congress must revoke the law to provide a check/balance?
               | What if the intent was good, but the execution was bad?
        
               | pram wrote:
               | This is parliamentary supremacy. The third leg would be
               | people replacing the legislature.
        
               | tmaly wrote:
               | Maybe they thought States would remain strong and step up
               | to the plate?
               | 
               | There is the 9th and 10th amendment that do not seem to
               | get much coverage in court rulings.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> Congress intended to grant the EPA broad authority to
               | regulate pollution_
               | 
               | CO2 is not pollution. People and animals breathe it out.
               | Plants breathe it in. Any such thing is obviously not
               | pollution. The EPA calling it "pollution" does not make
               | it pollution, any more than calling a dog's tail a leg
               | makes it a leg.
               | 
               | If Congress wants to grant the EPA authority to regulate
               | things that are obviously _not_ pollution, in order to
               | promote some other policy objective, it needs to say so
               | explicitly. Which is exactly what the Court 's opinion
               | says.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | None of the parties or judges dispute that CO2 is a
               | pollutant.
               | 
               | Even if you personally dispute it, Congress explicitly
               | granted the EPA the authority to determine what's an air
               | pollutant and what's not:
               | 
               | > For the purpose of establishing national primary and
               | secondary ambient air quality standards, the
               | Administrator shall within 30 days after December 31,
               | 1970, publish, and shall from time to time thereafter
               | revise, a list which includes each air pollutant--
               | emissions of which, in his judgment, cause or contribute
               | to air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to
               | endanger public health or welfare;
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> None of the parties or judges dispute that CO2 is a
               | pollutant._
               | 
               | The fact that all of the parties and judges are calling a
               | tail a leg, still doesn't make it a leg.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | You should feel free to decide that a leg is actually a
               | liver; that just makes you silly. As far as the matter at
               | hand goes, though, it's the EPA that has the authority to
               | make that designation (at least until the SCOTUS decides
               | that only it has that authority).
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> it 's the EPA that has the authority to make that
               | designation (at least until the SCOTUS decides that only
               | it has that authority)._
               | 
               | And the SCOTUS has the authority to rule on whether the
               | EPA's rulemaking is within its statutory authority or
               | not. Which is what it did today. So why are you
               | objecting? Both governmental entities are exercising
               | their authority. The fact that one such exercise, the
               | EPA's, is one you like, and the other such exercise, the
               | Court's is one you don't like, is irrelevant, according
               | to your own logic, just as it's irrelevant, according to
               | your own logic, that the EPA's rule under review here
               | defies logic, common sense, and the plain meaning of
               | words.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Bit of a sleight of hand there: you were arguing first
               | that this court case was about whether CO2 was a
               | pollutant or not, and I simply pointed out that there was
               | nobody arguing it wasn't and all agreed that the EPA had
               | the authority to designate it as such, as opposed to your
               | "pollution is whatever pdonis feels in his gut is
               | pollution" standard.
               | 
               | So, sure, I'm criticizing the Court's decision, because
               | it's an incoherent and ideologically motivated decision.
               | Doing so helps remove the mystique of the SCOTUS justices
               | as some kind of apolitical actors in the sytem.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> Bit of a sleight of hand there_
               | 
               | No, you are the one who shifted your ground, not me. You
               | started out arguing that calling a tail a leg doesn't
               | make it one--but you only applied that argument
               | (incorrectly, in my opinion, but that's beside the
               | present point) to the SCOTUS decision you didn't like,
               | not to the EPA rulemaking you liked. Then, when I called
               | you on it, you retreated to the argument that the EPA is
               | just exercising its authority--which applies just as much
               | to SCOTUS. So make up your mind: are you going to base
               | your position on actual logic, common sense, and the
               | plain meaning of words, or on government entities
               | exercising their authority no matter what?
               | 
               |  _> I 'm criticizing the Court's decision, because it's
               | an incoherent and ideologically motivated decision._
               | 
               | I disagree that it is, since it's just pointing out that
               | Congress didn't intend to delegate to the EPA the
               | sweeping authority to restructure the entire energy
               | sector of the economy, even if we accept that CO2 is a
               | "pollutant" for the sake of argument. The statute does
               | not give the EPA authority to regulate pollutants however
               | it wants. It only gives it the authority to do so in
               | certain ways.
               | 
               | That said, however, I'm criticising the EPA's rulemaking
               | on the same grounds that you are criticizing the SCOTUS
               | decision: that it's incoherent and ideologically
               | motivated. Any such criticism presupposes that just
               | because a government entity has the formal authority to
               | do something, doesn't make it right. So it is no answer
               | to my criticism to say that the EPA was just exercising
               | its authority.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | > _CO2 is not pollution. People and animals breathe it
               | out._
               | 
               | Suppose I piss in your drink. Have I polluted it, or will
               | you drink it?
               | 
               |  _' It's not pollution if it comes out of animals'_
               | doesn't make much sense.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> 'It's not pollution if it comes out of animals'
               | doesn't make much sense._
               | 
               | That's not the argument I was making. The argument I was
               | making is that the presence of CO2 in the atmosphere is
               | part of a natural process that all living organisms,
               | including us humans, engage in. The presence of your piss
               | in my drink is not.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Animals exhale many volatile organic compounds when they
               | exhale, including methanol and acetone. Does that mean
               | those compounds are by definition not pollution?
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | Are those compounds present because they come from the
               | animal's metabolism, or just because they happened to be
               | there in the environment and the animal inhaled or
               | ingested them?
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Metabolism.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenesis
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | My understanding is that ketones produced by this process
               | normally get excreted in the urine, not by being exhaled.
               | 
               | That said, since these are products of the animal's
               | metabolism, I would not consider them pollution if
               | they're just being exhaled into the surrounding air
               | outdoors. If you bring your animal into my climate
               | controlled clean room and have it exhale the compounds
               | there, that would be different--but I doubt the EPA would
               | be the first line of defense in regulating behavior of
               | that sort.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | That is incorrect. Congress cannot broadly delegate
             | authority to make rules with the force of law on the
             | executive branch. Even liberals begrudgingly accept
             | separation of powers.
             | 
             | Regulatory agencies exist based on the theory that Congress
             | can leave it to agencies to "fill in the details" of a law
             | as part of the executive discretion about how to enforce
             | the law. In the Clean Air Act, Congress gave the EPA
             | authority to pick toxic pollutants to regulate, and to
             | specify the use of particular emissions control
             | technologies like scrubbers.
             | 
             | What this case was about was whether this grant of
             | authority could be fairly read to encompass telling entire
             | industries what power generation mix they must use.
             | 
             | This is not like requiring the CEO to sign off on a minor
             | bug fix. The reasoning of the Court is that industry-wide
             | changes in power generation mix have sweeping effects on
             | the country, and require specific authorization. Even huge
             | companies routinely require executive approval for major
             | new initiatives that will incur major costs to the company.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | From the text of the Clean Air Act itself:
               | 
               | > (1) The term "standard of performance" means a standard
               | for emissions of air pollutants which reflects the degree
               | of emission limitation achievable through the application
               | of the best system of emission reduction which (taking
               | into account the cost of achieving such reduction and any
               | nonair quality health and environmental impact and energy
               | requirements) the Administrator determines has been
               | adequately demonstrated.
               | 
               | Congress intentionally broadly authorized the EPA to
               | determine and implement the best system for reducing
               | pollutants such as carbon emissions, and used language
               | pursuant to that. Just because it offends certain
               | Justices' sensibilities and ideological predilections
               | doesn't mean that they can choose to ignore clearly
               | stated parts of lawfully enacted statutes.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | > That is incorrect. Congress cannot broadly delegate
               | authority to make rules with the force of law on the
               | executive branch. Even liberals begrudgingly accept
               | separation of powers.
               | 
               | DEA, ATF, FDA, OSHA, CFPB, CDC, EPA, and FCC would all
               | tend to disagree with this assessment.
               | 
               | There IS a separation of powers and checks and balances.
               | Congress even passed the "congressional review act" in
               | 1996 which allows them by a majority vote to undo an
               | agencies decision if they feel they've stepped too far.
               | 
               | > The reasoning of the Court is that industry-wide
               | changes in power generation mix have sweeping effects on
               | the country, and require specific authorization.
               | 
               | Again, the EPA is checked by both the executive branch
               | AND congress through the CRA. Both of which are checked
               | by the people.
               | 
               | Rather than apply straight forward and obvious rules that
               | have been around for at least 30 years (Chevron
               | deference), the supreme court has decided to take a
               | politically activist route and instead decide cases based
               | on their own political leanings.
               | 
               | You can predict, like clockwork, how the justices will
               | vote on any case with any sort of political implication
               | based on who appointed them. Isn't that distressing?
               | Doesn't that signal that maybe there's a major problem
               | here?
               | 
               | They are picking the conclusion they want to reach and
               | writing the opinions that support those outcomes. They
               | are legislating from the bench.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | > You can predict, like clockwork, how the justices will
               | vote on any case with any sort of political implication
               | based on who appointed them. Isn't that distressing?
               | Doesn't that signal that maybe there's a major problem
               | here?
               | 
               | To be fair, you can do this with judges on both sides of
               | the partisan divide.
               | 
               | It's good and appropriate to recognize that the Court is
               | a fundamentally political institution and not some mere
               | interpreter of law, and being distressed over that
               | implies that the Court could be some idealized,
               | nonpolitical institution. That's not a useful way to
               | model the Court and never has been.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | > To be fair, you can do this with judges on both sides
               | of the partisan divide.
               | 
               | At the supreme court level? Yes, because it takes 4 votes
               | to chose which case gets cert and we have 6 activist
               | justices that want to completely rewrite jurisprudence
               | for political gain. How are the liberal justices supposed
               | to vote when the questions often being asked are now
               | "Hey, should we overrule this long standing precedent for
               | political motivations?"
               | 
               | However, standard jurisprudence isn't nearly this bad in
               | the federal court level. The outcomes there can be far
               | more difficult to predict based on who appointed them.
               | 
               | > It's good and appropriate to recognize that the Court
               | is a fundamentally political institution and not some
               | mere interpreter of law, and being distressed over that
               | implies that the Court could be some idealized,
               | nonpolitical institution. That's not a useful way to
               | model the Court and never has been.
               | 
               | While I don't disagree, unfortunately the constitution
               | was setup with the notion that the SC would be above
               | political divide (hence, being unelected and having
               | lifetime appointments.)
               | 
               | I certainly wouldn't mind some sort of constitutional
               | amendment trying to address that. Though, I just don't
               | see it as likely.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > DEA, ATF, FDA, OSHA, CFPB, CDC, EPA, and FCC would all
               | tend to disagree with this assessment.
               | 
               | They wouldn't, at least not to a court's face. You
               | mention "Chevron deference" below, but the whole idea
               | behind Chevron deference is that agencies are exercising
               | executive discretion in enforcing the law, not making new
               | ones.
               | 
               | > There IS a separation of powers and checks and
               | balances. Congress even passed the "congressional review
               | act" in 1996 which allows them by a majority vote to undo
               | an agencies decision if they feel they've stepped too
               | far.
               | 
               | The Constitution gives the power to make laws to
               | Congress. Full stop.
               | 
               | > Rather than apply straight forward and obvious rules
               | that have been around for at least 30 years (Chevron
               | deference), the supreme court has decided to take a
               | politically activist route and instead decide cases based
               | on their own political leanings.
               | 
               | Judges in the mid-20th century engaged in massive
               | political activism to rewrite the Constitution from whole
               | cloth. Undoing that tomfoolery is not itself "political
               | activism."
               | 
               | > You can predict, like clockwork, how the justices will
               | vote on any case with any sort of political implication
               | based on who appointed them. Isn't that distressing?
               | 
               | It distresses me that you can predict how liberal
               | justices will vote on any significant case. It brings me
               | great relief that conservative justices are full of
               | surprises. Just in the last few years, ACB was supposed
               | to overturn Obamacare (she voted to uphold it), Gorsuch
               | and Kavanaugh were supposed to find that the Civil Rights
               | Act doesn't protect sexual orientation, etc.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | There's a thread circulating on twitter about the 24
               | worst decisions from this SCOTUS term, and, because I
               | don't like Twitter threads, I took the time to skim all
               | the decisions. So this stuff is fresh in my head.
               | 
               | You're being unfair to the liberal justices here ---
               | there are surprising votes from liberals on QI cases
               | (Rivas-Villegas, Talehquah), habeas (Brown v Davenport),
               | state secrets (Zubaydah), social spending (Vaella-
               | Madero), and immigration (Aleman Gonzalez). You cannot
               | simply predict a liberal justice's opinion from their
               | ideological inclinations. Not even Breyer, who is the
               | most boring liberal justice (he wrote the opinion on
               | Zubaydah).
               | 
               | Meanwhile: Gorsuch is often surprising --- not just on
               | the Native American sovereignty cases, but also on habeas
               | (Shoop) and immigration (Patel, an excellent Gorsuch
               | dissent).
               | 
               | The other conservative justices? Not so much! In
               | particular: you can reliably predict Alito and Thomas,
               | the two most blinkered justices on the court regardless
               | of ideology.
               | 
               | By the way, and apropos nothing here, everyone should
               | read Egbert v Boule, not just because it's absolutely the
               | most ludicrous (and funny) case you'll ever read about
               | that reaches SCOTUS, but because it's a far-reaching and
               | bad decision.
        
               | tmaly wrote:
               | What about Roberts?
        
           | csdvrx wrote:
           | > I believe strongly that the executive authorities--be that
           | police, FBI, NSA, ICE, or EPA--should not have the ability to
           | creatively interpret laws. If we allow them to do that, we
           | open the door to innumerable abuses.
           | 
           | Totally: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/23/us-
           | justificati...
           | 
           | "Lawyers for the Obama administration, arguing for their
           | ability to kill an American citizen without trial in Yemen,
           | contended that the protection of US citizenship was
           | effectively removed by a key congressional act that blessed a
           | global war against al-Qaida. Known as the Authorization to
           | Use Military Force (AUMF), the broad and controversial 2001
           | law played a major role in the legal decision to kill Anwar
           | al-Awlaki, the former al-Qaida propagandist and US citizen,
           | in 2011, according to a redacted memorandum made public on
           | Monday."
           | 
           | I don't want the executive or the administration to use
           | creative interpretations to allow themselves to legally
           | become judge, jury and executioner through executive order
           | (pun intended) that may be very hard to claw back.
           | 
           | The constitution and the supreme court are here for a good
           | reason: to prevent such abuses.
        
             | OrvalWintermute wrote:
             | Although I think that terrorists in general should be
             | denied Geneva Conventions and protections, I do think there
             | should have been a judicial process to determine, and make
             | the case for said terrorist (Anwar al-Awlaki) being an
             | enemy of the state, and an authorized target. Then, through
             | an adversarial process, he would have had his day in court,
             | along with all of the rights of appeal that come with a
             | judicial decision.
             | 
             | I cringe sometime when I think about the potential burden
             | of evidence not being brought forth to make a case that
             | someone is a terrorist, and then getting droned.
             | 
             | > I don't want the executive or the administration to use
             | creative interpretations to allow themselves to legally
             | become judge, jury and executioner through executive order
             | (pun intended) that may be very hard to claw back. The
             | constitution and the supreme court are here for a good
             | reason: to prevent such abuses.
             | 
             | Well said.
             | 
             | One man's freedom fighter, or terrorist, could one day
             | become, one's political adversary.
        
           | cyanydeez wrote:
           | The "creative" you speak of is a bullshit stance because
           | congress isn't a computer, never will be, and all you're
           | doing is not liking the outcome which is what the parent is
           | explaining: rationalizing your bias after the fact.
           | 
           | Others would say they are implementing the details of broad
           | brushed Congressional laws.
        
           | th3byrdm4n wrote:
           | I barely post but here here.
           | 
           | Leveraging the executive branch as the government creates a
           | bipolar governance, every 4-8 years we have a totally
           | different country and outcomes.
           | 
           | We need a functioning legislator.
           | 
           | How we go from here to there is unclear, but necessary
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | Imnimo wrote:
           | It strikes me as extremely naive to believe that this same
           | precedent will be applied to agencies like the FBI and NSA.
           | The supreme court is not an automaton bound by the laws of
           | logic to act consistently.
        
           | muaytimbo wrote:
           | Totally agree with this, the US has turned into an
           | administrative state, which is far from the vision enacted by
           | the founding fathers in which Congress and/or states
           | regulate. Today congress has chosen to forsake their main
           | role as legislators by creating unelected unaccountable
           | bureaucrats with, essentially, unchecked law making
           | abilities.
           | 
           | That said, I would like congress to take up the matter of
           | clean air and water directly, instead of this cowering behind
           | other agencies after abdicating of their duties.
        
             | patentatt wrote:
             | Except this is a complete straw man in the current
             | political reality. Climate change legislation will never
             | get a single Republican vote, and we all know it. And they
             | will never be held accountable for that because the people
             | that vote for them are either uninformed or misinformed
             | about climate change, by the same forces that influence
             | congress!
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | >>That said, I would like congress to take up the matter of
             | clean air and water directly, instead of this cowering
             | behind other agencies after abdicating of their duties.
             | 
             | Exactly - put them on the record voting for or against
             | whatever they want - and the voters can vote to replace or
             | keep those people based on how they actually voted - right
             | now they all like to give speeches, raise money and not
             | much else - congress, do your job, even if it costs you
             | your job.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | Then they would have to tackle financial regulation reform,
             | and that isn't in the interests of anyone in Washington or
             | Wall Street---and likely not within their wheelhouse of
             | competence. The fed and various people throughout the
             | financial industry and private citizens have been begging
             | for specific regulations for decades now.
        
         | Bhilai wrote:
         | I agree and its frustrating to see this crowd continually push
         | the point that congress needs to grant explicit powers to the
         | EPA when they already know that every single Republican
         | politician is against moving the needle on climate change. This
         | case was filed by 19 Republican lead states which constitute
         | 44% of emissions in the US and is a multiyear effort by
         | conservative climate change deniers[1] Any significant law will
         | simply not pass the senate because the only thing senate
         | Republicans are apparently good at is blocking progress. So
         | this double play on the part of right leaning commentators is
         | really in bad faith.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/19/climate/supreme-court-
         | cli...
        
           | hellojesus wrote:
           | Couldn't Congress roll out a clarification of this rule
           | quickly? They own the big three right now, so it would be
           | pretty easy if they kept any fluff out of the legislation.
        
             | patentatt wrote:
             | I would like to introduce you to Senator Joe Manchin. No
             | substantive climate change legislation is going to pass the
             | Senate. Stop pretending like it's possible.
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | This has to be seen as part of a broader program against the
           | administrative state, although here it takes the contours of
           | the climate debate.
           | 
           | For the coming years you'll be seeing the same approach used
           | in this decision to rip apart everything from labor
           | regulations to HUD programs.
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | What the court is engaged in is an extreme case of motivated
         | reasoning, sinking almost to the level of what the legal
         | profession calls parallel construction. In fact there were many
         | logically consistent arguments for this decision, and many
         | logically consistent arguments for the dissent. They're all
         | right there, both sides, in the text. It's why dissents are
         | written and preserved. Often a point raised in a dissent for
         | one case becomes more important than the ruling itself. Anyone
         | who gets too carried away with the logical consistency of the
         | majority opinion is _ignoring the record_. Which brings us to
         | the terms I introduced earlier.
         | 
         | When contradictory evidence or arguments are present, it's
         | _easy_ to pick those that support your predetermined position
         | and ignore those that don 't. It's nothing to be proud of, and
         | in fact it's usually considered shameful. In formal debate it's
         | a sure route to an ignominious loss. Parallel construction is
         | the equivalent in the legal world, and equally condemned. It's
         | when the prosecution comes into possession of evidence
         | _illegally_ , and then makes up an alternative provenance or
         | reasoning because admitting the truth would get their case
         | summarily thrown out.
         | 
         | This is what the conservative wing of the supreme court has
         | been doing. They're picking and choosing, highlighting pretty
         | dubious arguments and ignoring those which _its own principles_
         | (e.g. judicial restraint, _stare decisis_ ) would give more
         | weight. It's even more despicable for them than it is for
         | prosecutors. Anyone who praises the "consistency" of this
         | decision is at best falling for the trick, or just as often
         | repeating it themselves because the decision supports a view
         | they held long before they ever heard of this case. This
         | discussion is _full_ of such motivated reasoning, as most here
         | are, and I 'm pretty sure that's the cause of parent's
         | contempt. If this is truly supposed to be _hacker_ news full of
         | curious people and not just another political rag disguised as
         | a tech-news site, you all need to do better.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | As an example, my understanding is that the federal government
         | can regulate my ability to grow a plant and consume it in my
         | own home based upon their argument that I'm participating in
         | interstate commerce. The feds argued that growing a plan is
         | participating in interstate commerce[1]. This law will stand
         | while the court clutches their pearls about the environmental
         | protection agency seeking to protect the environment.
         | 
         | [1]: I'm trying to find the source. Something to do with the
         | commerce clause I think. There was a court case where the
         | government clearly argued that even local actions inside the
         | state count as interstate commerce. Edit:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickard_v._Filburn?wprov=sfla1
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | The court can't just overturn laws. Cases have to be brought
           | to them first. So your argument of "why is X bad law allowed
           | to stand when they just overturned Y?" doesn't hold water.
        
           | hellojesus wrote:
           | Wickard v Filburn has got to be one of the worst precedents
           | ever. I sincerely hope the SC reverses it next.
           | 
           | By the same logic, I can never collect my own rain water as
           | it would impact interstate commerce.
           | 
           | Similarly, I could never have a free school play for parents,
           | because I would be taking money away from local theaters, and
           | that would eventually resonate to interstate commerce.
           | 
           | The Constitution's interstate commerce clause has been
           | purposely misinterpreted to mean regulation of commerce
           | within a state if you can abstract nth order effects to
           | another state. In actuality, all it is supposed to to is
           | allow the regulation of commerce across state lines, meaning
           | regulation on the transport of materials from one state to
           | another.
        
           | car_analogy wrote:
           | > The feds argued that growing a plan is participating in
           | interstate commerce. This law will stand
           | 
           | That's not guaranteed. Has it been challenged?
        
           | whitesilhouette wrote:
           | This one?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickard_v._Filburn?wprov=sfla1
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | Yes. Thank you.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | Societal concerns cannot be deterministically determined via
         | deductive logic. So, people who hide behind "this sounds
         | logical to me", whether intentionally or not, just happen to
         | agree with the specific logic used in that instance. When
         | presented with other so-called logic, suddenly it's illogical.
        
           | csdvrx wrote:
           | > just happen to agree with the specific logic used in that
           | instance
           | 
           | That's a very biased take.
           | 
           | I think someone else said it better: what both the
           | "progressive" and the "neocons" want is "a CCP-style
           | political system as long as they're the ones in control"
           | where "concepts like separation of powers and rule of law are
           | merely obstacles to smash through on their road to utopia"
           | 
           | It's very rare than unconstitutional power grants are clawed
           | back, so personally I see what's happening right now as a
           | good precedent: it says the executive and the administration
           | can't just wish into existence new laws or power grants: they
           | have to operate within their existing bounds.
           | 
           | Deductive logic is totally applicable here. Otherwise, it
           | gives you a situation where a president believes he can
           | legally become judge, jury and executioner through executive
           | order (pun intended) and order the army to execute US
           | citizens by birthright through drone strikes.
           | 
           | Just because they are enemy combatants or some other
           | convenient legal fiction doesn't make it a-ok.
        
         | car_analogy wrote:
         | > The court hasn't completely prevented the EPA from making
         | these regulations in the future - but says that Congress would
         | have to clearly say it authorises this power.
         | 
         | As someone that supports _far_ harsher emissions regulations
         | than were in effect even before this ruling, is it too much to
         | ask that laws should be clear? As others have pointed out,
         | there 's no limit to the danger posed by letting the executive
         | branch creatively interpret legislation.
        
         | patentatt wrote:
         | As a lawyer, I agree with you whole heartedly. Just because a
         | legal decision recites a sound legal argument doesn't mean that
         | that's the _only_ sound legal argument they _could_ have made.
         | In the same way that a competent lawyer can make the best
         | arguments for either side of a case, a judge could write
         | multiple opinions for the same case that have different
         | outcomes. And all could be just as legitimate from a logic and
         | legal standpoint. But the judge chooses what opinion to write
         | and what outcome they want. All of this makes the study of law
         | kind of silly, because you study a bunch of case law and
         | pretend that there 's consistency or logic that ties them
         | together, but really it's largely driven by the individual
         | personalities more than some platonic ideal of what the law
         | should be. It's a liberal art, not a science.
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | > Every surpreme court article makes me hate this community a
         | bit more.
         | 
         | I mean, HN is kinda a go to place for pendantry, it's not
         | terribly surprising. People started a huge fight over whether
         | the word "they" can refer to a single individual the other
         | week.
        
           | lemmiwinks wrote:
           | > People started a huge fight over whether the word "they"
           | can refer to a single individual the other week.
           | 
           | Link please?
        
           | philosopher1234 wrote:
           | I think you give HN too much credit.
           | 
           | Not every topic evokes pedantry. HN has specific interests,
           | and brings out nitpicking to advance specific causes.
        
         | vdnkh wrote:
         | Over the past few years I've noticed that HN has swung very far
         | to the right. Any politically-adjacent topic tends to feature
         | more than a few upvoted right-wing grievance posts. I still
         | like HN for the articles but it's honestly insufferable to read
         | the comments.
         | 
         | On this particular topic, it's infuriating to see the average
         | HN bozo think of the constitution as a set of unit tests for
         | justices to run through.
        
         | ErikVandeWater wrote:
         | One can read a ruling and see how many hoops the justices
         | jumped through to get to a particular decision.
         | 
         | Let me lead by saying I'm a pro choice person, and hope federal
         | legislation is passed protecting abortion in all 50 states:
         | 
         | Roe V. Wade is a good example. The justices didn't find any
         | mention of "abortion", any description of abortion, or any
         | medical procedure whatsoever in the constitution, or any
         | mention of "trimesters". Yet they found by using a combination
         | of _no less than 5 amendments_ , that it in fact was protected,
         | and then _the supreme court decided_ exactly how long into a
         | pregnancy abortion could be banned. They probably had
         | consistent logic in what they said technically, but it strained
         | credulity too much to believe they actually thought the
         | constitution, in the text as it was written, protected a right
         | to abortion.
         | 
         | Would you agree the sword cuts both ways with regards to the
         | statement:
         | 
         | > I don't believe people on this site are too stupid to realize
         | that, I believe they prefer not to, because they support the
         | outcomes these rulings enact.
        
           | philosopher1234 wrote:
           | Yes I agree, I think its a universal human quality.
           | 
           | And I think we should start talking about abortion directly,
           | not through 50 layers of legaleze.
           | 
           | The only way a pro-lifer on HN can express their opinion is
           | indirectly, through technical criticism.
           | 
           | But why can't they express their pro life opinion directly?
           | Because people will disagree with them? The only thing people
           | do on HN is disagree.
           | 
           | This is the issue that needs exploring, not the intricacies
           | of judicial logic.
        
             | CptJupiterNorth wrote:
             | This community isn't what I thought it was, either. I'm new
             | to commenting, and my account has negative karma because I
             | said something true that the 2A people didn't like.
        
               | philosopher1234 wrote:
               | Welcome. People aren't likely to lay their cards on the
               | table, but this is a political place like anywhere else.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "I don't believe people on this site are too stupid to realize
         | that, I believe they prefer not to, because they support the
         | outcomes these rulings enact.
         | 
         | And given that, we are in a lot of trouble."
         | 
         | If what you're saying is true, then the same could be said if
         | the rulings went the other way. Basically the whole system is
         | an oligarchy and the winning side will claim legitimacy and
         | logic, while the losing side complains about a lack thereof.
         | 
         | So what is the solution?
         | 
         | Edit: why disagree without discussion or providing the
         | solution?
        
           | etherael wrote:
           | Stop tyring to do everything through naked force and pursue
           | market solutions that people adopt because it's economically
           | advantageous for them to do so?
           | 
           | Stop sending SWAT teams at people already trying to do this?
           | (https://youtu.be/i4Hnv_ZJSQY?t=250)
           | 
           | Everybody who looks hard enough knows that neither of these
           | things will happen and we know why. That people ignore it or
           | pretend otherwise is the real problem at the root of this
           | whole situation.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Are you talking about capitalist or free market minarchy?
        
               | etherael wrote:
               | I am not talking about any particular political framework
               | at all.
               | 
               | I am trying to point out that if you start from that
               | premise you prejudice the kinds of diagnoses and
               | solutions to any potential problem you come up with.
               | Which is of course the exact reason that the parties who
               | stand to gain so much wealth and power from the exercise
               | are so desperate that this should be the default, and why
               | to the extent there is a problem that might be solved,
               | quick, easy and relatively cheap direct voluntary action
               | solutions need to be hit with SWAT raids lest the power
               | and wealth that might be attained from nebulous, slow,
               | difficult and extremely expensive solutions which are by
               | contrast pushed by force upon the entire planet.
        
         | Seattle3503 wrote:
         | HN is by and large reactionary.
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | No it's not.
           | 
           | /s
        
           | Dracophoenix wrote:
           | What's reactionary about applying checks and balances?
        
           | spencerflem wrote:
           | I don't know why you're being downvoted, this is correct.
           | Just offering my support and the knowledge that not _all_
           | programmers are assholes with more money than sense and a
           | smug superiority that comes from assuming the whole world is
           | an algorithm. Just most of them.
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | I generally try to avoid HN discussions about politics,
             | geopolitics or anything related to human society, because
             | there are some ass-backwards, heartless, libertarian people
             | here who don't care about how outcomes affect people as
             | long as it happens to fit with their ideology. Seeing the
             | responses here makes me feel justified.
             | 
             | The only reason why I come back is because the technical
             | discussions are incredibly good.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The thing about libertarianism is it has done more good
               | for more people than any other ideology.
               | 
               | Note that libertarianism leaves people free to care for
               | others as much as they want to.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | i was having a nice time griping until you showed up.
               | Given how libertarians seem completely unconcerned with
               | raising wages or protecting the environment it seems that
               | amount is 0
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I am a libertarian, and if you're familiar with my
               | postings, I have made many environment protecting
               | proposals that would be much more effective than the
               | current ones. Also for improving other facets of our
               | lives, like wages.
               | 
               | I know there are many libertarians who give the
               | philosophy a bad name.
               | 
               | If you have something specific you'd like to ask about
               | it, I'll try to give a good answer.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | > The thing about libertarianism is it has done more good
               | for more people than any other ideology.
               | 
               | Presumably you mean political ideology, but I don't
               | really know if I know what "libertarianism" actually
               | means. I would need some citation that the Ayn-Rand-esque
               | objectivist flavor of libertarianism has actually done
               | _any_ good for anyone. Maybe that 's not what you mean,
               | but that's sort of the issue with the term.
               | 
               | I might be more likely to agree if you changed the term
               | "libertarianism" to "liberalism". Not the current
               | "liberal" that basically means "democrat" in the US, but
               | the more classical sense.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Libertarianism as in free markets and the inalienable
               | rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It
               | includes the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
               | 
               | Note that this precludes any right to harm others,
               | defraud them, enslave them, etc. It precludes enshrining
               | religion into the law.
               | 
               | It includes all are equal under the law, women have an
               | equal right to vote, gays can marry, people can smoke
               | marijuana, etc.
               | 
               | As with all philosophies, it doesn't give guidance to all
               | situations, and should be leavened with pragmatism.
        
               | rmahan wrote:
               | [citation needed]
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The United States. The first free market country, and the
               | first to raise the standard of living of scores of
               | millions of people out of poverty into the middle and
               | even wealthy classes.
               | 
               | The American people are also the most generous in the
               | world, by donations to charity.
               | 
               | I know that the popular view is the US is some sort of
               | hellhole, but yet millions of people are trying to
               | immigrate here, walking thousands of miles just to try.
        
               | ironman1478 wrote:
               | The people walking to America are doing it because they
               | are coming from extremely violent countries where they
               | are in immediate danger. My family came from Romania, a
               | place where they jailed or beat my family members on a
               | regular basis during communism, then had horrible brain
               | drain and 0 opportunities post communism. People aren't
               | emigrating from countries like Germany the way they are
               | from El Salvador. Being better than a place where your
               | life is in immediate danger or where there is ZERO
               | economic opportunity is not much of an accomplishment.
               | Please use correct comparisons when you are making
               | statements like this.
               | 
               | "The American people are also the most generous in the
               | world, by donations to charity." Why can't we just setup
               | government programs to fill the in the gaps that
               | charities provide?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The oceans are a major barrier to people walking here
               | from other countries. Consider as well all the countries
               | they walk through to get here. They come from Cuba, too,
               | the socialist paradise.
               | 
               | There are a lot of people from Romania in the Seattle
               | area, I am friends with some. I am not unacquainted with
               | their stories of how bad things were there. All I can say
               | is welcome to the US!
               | 
               | P.S. All my ancestors hail from various European
               | countries that emigrated to the US, including Germany.
        
               | ironman1478 wrote:
               | Yes, they come from Cuba because the US is the closest
               | countries with opportunities, just like many people flee
               | to Italy from the north of Africa or from the middle
               | east. Also cuba is a bad example because of the
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Adjustment_Act and
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_feet,_dry_feet_policy.
               | They are incentivezed to leave the totalitarian regime of
               | Cuba (which is not socialist to be clear) to the US. The
               | goal of bringing up Romania and El Salvador was to show
               | how the bad conditions at the time forced people to
               | leave. People don't leave countries that are doing well.
               | 
               | Also, your friends are probably from a select group of
               | people who came in highly educated. People who come in
               | with 0 education (like my parents) are not treated well
               | in America. Many of the Romanian families that I grew up
               | with in South Florida have gone back, as America honestly
               | isn't that great compared to what has developed in
               | Romania over time (its pretty nice now!).
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | C'man, the socialist paradise is Nordic countries, not
               | Cuba.
        
           | ohCh6zos wrote:
           | Being reactionary is a good thing as it preserves the status
           | quo.
        
         | datavirtue wrote:
         | "A decision of such magnitude and consequence rests with
         | Congress itself..."
         | 
         | Simple. End of story. If the Supreme Court has one job it's
         | punting shit to Congress--the appropriate branch.
        
         | citilife wrote:
         | There's a lot on this site that makes me question "what
         | happened"?
         | 
         | Growing up on the internet (IRC, Forums, eventually HN, etc)
         | there was always a "hacker" or "libertarian" spirit. Less
         | government ("the man"), less regulation, more freedom, more
         | ability to create and inspire.
         | 
         | Now, I see many people (often the same people) seemingly become
         | hyper partisian when the Supreme Court saying "congress never
         | authorized this, they'd need to to make this legal". All the
         | recent court rulings have been very consistent that "the will
         | of the people (congress) never approved this".
         | 
         | IMO you're correct, the Supreme court is partisan. However,
         | this feels far less partisan than normal and the reasoning
         | seems to be sound (congress never implemented this law / passed
         | an amendment / etc). In the courts opinions will often explain
         | how to make it a law / legal.
         | 
         | The shock I've experienced with the HN community is how it's
         | been far less thoughtful as late (3-4 years) and discussions
         | are suppressed / devolve quickly. The idea of the libertarian
         | ethos of the "hacker" community, to me, appears dead. Now, I
         | see a far less thoughtful, more partisan, more angry community.
         | Even in your comment, you mention you "hate" the community (I'm
         | assuming you mean just parts of it). It dismays me.
        
       | iostream24 wrote:
       | It's very frustrating to see how some HN readers are allowed to
       | vote others comments up and down while the rest of us have no
       | rights at all. It feels like when a playground bully puts their
       | long arm on your forehead to prevent you being able to reach
       | them, while they are free to punch you and abuse you at will.
       | Unfair
       | 
       | I already heard the excuse about a probationary period but I've
       | been stuck in this state for awhile now and it's not OK
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | Headlines about Supreme Court cases are almost uniformly
       | misleading, because they suggest the Court is making decisions on
       | policy issues rather than legal issues.
       | 
       | The very first words of the opinion, on p. 2, make clear that the
       | legal issue before the Court is very different:
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-1530_n758.pdf
       | 
       | The Clean Air Act does not purport to give the EPA blanket
       | regulatory authority over anything involving emissions into the
       | air. It has detailed provisions focused on reducing the amount of
       | toxic pollutants, in particular through the use of control
       | (scrubbing) technologies. This case concerns whether the EPA can
       | use its power to impose control technologies on power plants, to
       | force the industry to use a particular mix of power generation
       | sources (solar, gas, etc.). The Court decided that the statute
       | did not confer on the EPA the power to do that. The relevant
       | discussion begins on page 16.
       | 
       | This decision gives legs to something that has been called the
       | "major questions doctrine." The gist of that doctrine is that an
       | agency can't stretch some pre-existing grant of Congressional
       | authority to create sweeping regulations addressing a major new
       | problem. As applied here, that means that the EPA can't rely on
       | authority delegated by Congress to, for example, tell coal plants
       | what kind of scrubbers they have to use, to tackle climate
       | change. pp. 17-19.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | You don't get say civil asset forfeiture from simply reading
         | the constitution and ruling based on it.
         | 
         | Cases make it to the Supreme Court because the outcome is
         | ambiguous, so the court can't actually make decisions based on
         | an objective standard. It's simply not how they operate in this
         | or any other court.
         | 
         | Instead the outcome is decided and various legal justifications
         | are provided by both the justices who agree and those who
         | disagree. You can agree or disagree with the outcome of any
         | case, but there's a reason the appointment of Supreme Court
         | justices is considered so politically important, it's a
         | political job.
        
         | rat87 wrote:
         | That is because that's what they do. The supreme court is a
         | political organ making very conservative political decisions.
         | Much of the time the sort of headlines you seem to prefer would
         | be navel gazing that's not important to most people and would
         | be misleading distract from the real world result that it's
         | gutting much of the EPAs powers? Why because conservatives
         | don't like the EPA. I applaud the headline for getting at the
         | truth of the matter
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | Read the dissent and see if you don't find it equally
         | convincing. Supreme Court justices are very smart and very good
         | at their jobs and it's not surprising that pretty much
         | everything they write sounds reasonable and well-argued.
         | 
         | Key quote from the dissent:
         | 
         | > Section 111 of the Clean Air Act directs EPA to regulate
         | stationary sources of any substance that "causes, or
         | contributes significantly to, air pollution" and that "may
         | reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or
         | welfare."
         | 
         | So, does CO2 qualify, or is it a "major new problem"? Sounds
         | like a policy issue to me.
         | 
         | By the way, it definitely isn't a major new problem, the Nixon
         | administration viewed CO2 and climate change as settled science
         | in the 60s before he signed the Clean Air Act:
         | https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibr...
        
           | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
           | So you would be fine with the EPA regulating marijuana?
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | If they had convincing scientific evidence that marijuana
             | both contributes significantly to air pollution and
             | endangers public health, yes I would be.
             | 
             | Edit: Actually I think the particular Clean Air Act section
             | in question only covers buildings or other "stationary
             | sources", so I don't think marijuana would qualify unless a
             | building was emitting marijuana smoke.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | That sounds like technocracy, not democracy.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Why? This authority was intentionally granted by a
               | democratic legislature. If it's too broad, the act can be
               | amended. The "technocrats" are only in control of what we
               | have voted to let them control. The text is pretty
               | straightforward:
               | 
               | > The Administrator shall, within 90 days after December
               | 31, 1970, publish (and from time to time thereafter shall
               | revise) a list of categories of stationary sources. He
               | shall include a category of sources in such list if in
               | his judgment it causes, or contributes significantly to,
               | air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to
               | endanger public health or welfare.
               | 
               | That is explicitly delegating these decisions to the
               | judgement of the EPA Administrator. This is extremely
               | normal, every government agency works like this.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | > _This authority was intentionally granted by a
               | democratic legislature._
               | 
               | That is the matter of contention, isn't it?
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Not really. The court's conclusion is that Congress
               | didn't anticipate such significant consequences when they
               | granted this authority, so the EPA has to wait for
               | Congress to confirm they're ok with it. They're saying
               | that yes the EPA has this power on paper, but "a decision
               | of such magnitude and consequence rests with Congress
               | itself", so surely they didn't actually mean to do that.
               | Maybe they made a mistake, we have to ask again to be
               | sure.
               | 
               | Maybe they did make a mistake, but if so they can fix it.
               | I think what the court majority is saying here is
               | patronizing and wrong. There's a perfectly normal process
               | for Congress to amend a law if it accidentally gave up
               | too much power.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | On one hand you have democratically elected
               | representatives (less democratic than a direct democracy,
               | but still reasonably democratic) delegating power to the
               | executive branch (who's lead is elected by the electoral
               | college, which is substantially less democratic than
               | direct democracy.) Stack the two of these together and
               | the end result is less democratic than either considered
               | in isolation. But you want to go a step further and
               | empower unelected technocracts in the executive branch to
               | ban harmless herbs if they _claim_ they have _"
               | convincing scientific evidence"_ that marijuana is
               | harmful. And I guess that isn't even enough for you;
               | presumably you also object to the judicial checking the
               | power of those technocrats.
               | 
               | I prefer that matters like this be handled in an
               | _actually_ democratic way. Cannabis was legalized in my
               | state because I and others in my state voted to make it
               | so. That 's democracy. Technocracts making unimpeachable
               | "scientific" decisions isn't democracy, it's a faint
               | shadow of democracy. Referendums are democracy, and are
               | the democratic way to resolve these sort of social
               | disputes.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Why is passing a marijuana legalization bill democratic,
               | but passing the Clean Air Act is not? I guess I am still
               | not understanding the core of your argument.
               | 
               | When your state legalized marijuana, it delegated a ton
               | of decisions to unelected officials - individual business
               | licensing, labeling details, dispensary sanitation
               | standards, valid medical applications, etc. There is
               | probably a whole commission of unelected people who go
               | through a formal rulemaking process which involves
               | collecting feedback from people like you, just like the
               | EPA.
               | 
               | It's ok if you don't like this model, but you can't claim
               | it's not what Congress intended and not a normal state of
               | affairs at the moment. It's just how the country works,
               | we don't have Congress vote on every single pollutant,
               | medical device, potential drug, import/export
               | restriction, endangered species, etc.
        
         | JeremyNT wrote:
         | > Headlines about Supreme Court cases are almost uniformly
         | misleading, because they suggest the Court is making decisions
         | on policy issues rather than legal issues.
         | 
         | This is the naive version of how SCOTUS works that they teach
         | us in elementary school.
         | 
         | History has shown that the Supreme Court is a political body
         | with its own political agenda. The doctrine and precedent cited
         | is used as a justification for whatever policy they actually
         | want to enact.
         | 
         | Yes, there are some guidelines and guardrails, but this is a
         | case of the tail wagging the dog. They choose their
         | interpretation of law based on the actual impact they want to
         | have on society.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | The majority of justices on the current Supreme Court have
           | been doing a good job of sticking to the law rather than
           | attempting to enact policy. What you're describing is a good
           | criticism of the mid-20th century Supreme Court, but the
           | current Court has done a good job of rolling back those
           | excesses.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | Have you seen the Dobbs decision?
             | 
             | It's about what policies the judges personally prefer
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | The one that returns the decision to make policy on a
               | controversial subject matter back to the people and their
               | elected representatives, per the opinion of the Court?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I personally like the Roe standard, but it was made out
               | whole cloth constitutionally.
        
             | iostream24 wrote:
             | I strongly disagree. I see this current court having
             | extremely low legitimacy engaged in naked power grabs: In
             | one session they've removed the ability to sue over Miranda
             | rights, stricken down a fifty year precedent and told a
             | state that they can't enact their own concealed carry act.
             | I don't doubt that you will claim that these actions are
             | the logical course of originalism in its purest form, but I
             | find it judicial activism of an obtuse society-wrecking
             | despicable sort.
             | 
             | They shall go down in our childrens history as villains.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | You realize that they struck down "may issue" state laws
               | because they violated the federal constitution, right?
               | That is textbook rollback of excess.
        
               | flanking_pajama wrote:
               | Well it's always seemed pretty cut and dry that the whole
               | "abortion" controversy is largely a religious crusade and
               | that anyone pretending to favor the constitution would
               | call it mixing church and state.
               | 
               | But, conservative justices clearly had a bone to pick
               | there, despite obvious conflict with the words of the
               | constitution. For some reason.
               | 
               | There's a long and storied history of things being in
               | conflict with the constitution and justices simply not
               | caring. Slavery and Dred Scott come to mind, and although
               | I'm sure there's plenty examples peppered in from other
               | parts of the grand political spectrum, it's never been a
               | well kept secret that the conservative M.O. is noticeably
               | bolder and shameless in almost all regards, its major
               | strength actually being in its willingness to use every
               | tool at its disposal with minimal concern for blowback or
               | legitimacy.
               | 
               | The recent state law strike down coming across as highly
               | ironic (but probably not to conservatives since it
               | achieves the actual goal not of ethics or consistency,
               | but of simple victory) because so much of what
               | conservatives got away with for decades directly defying
               | the constitutional rights was based heavily on the
               | concept of state's rights. Like informal
               | slavery/servitude after the war, or keeping your
               | elections nice and extremely predictable until that awful
               | civil rights movement.
               | 
               | "Textbook" has nothing to do with this, or any of the
               | wild departure of rulings being made in recent times.
               | It's all very, VERY simple strategy: use what you have;
               | dismantle what you can; build defenses where you can;
               | you're in this for the Party.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | It's interesting you say these things because it's
               | exactly how the right views the left, and it's exactly
               | what they say about them! Just an observation, and an
               | interesting one.
               | 
               | > Well it's always seemed pretty cut and dry that the
               | whole "abortion" controversy is largely a religious
               | crusade and that anyone pretending to favor the
               | constitution would call it mixing church and state.
               | 
               | This is not at all true. Yes, there are lots of
               | Christians that don't support abortion. Yet, there are
               | many Jews that do and specifically cite their religion.
               | 
               | While religion may influence worldview, the fundamental
               | abortion question comes down to the fact that the
               | Constitution does not define when a person becomes a
               | Person. I think the recent legal ruling was proper
               | because of the specific omission of abortion in the
               | enumeration of federal powers.
               | 
               | This EPA decision, however, I think is wrong, because the
               | major question doctrine cannot be consistently applied
               | and is constitutionally baseless so far as I can tell.
               | 
               | Edit: forgot to write:
               | 
               | > There's a long and storied history of things being in
               | conflict with the constitution and justices simply not
               | caring.
               | 
               | I imagine everyone thinks this about some things. I agree
               | with your assessments of bad precedents above, but
               | conservatives aren't the only ones that do this. FDR
               | threatened to pack the court to get his way with the New
               | Deal and the Wager Act, which included things I believe
               | are unconstitutional such as Social Security, Minimum
               | Wage, Medicare, etc.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | Naked power grabs?
               | 
               | Most of the decisions reduce the power of the executive
               | and the court itself and give power to the congress and
               | states.
               | 
               | I might agree with you if they made abortion illegal
               | nationally. But they didn't - they said it's up to the
               | voters and their representatives.
        
             | plandis wrote:
             | > The majority of justices on the current Supreme Court
             | have been doing a good job of sticking to the law rather
             | than attempting to enact policy.
             | 
             | _in your opinion_, you mean?
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | If you ignore that whole "gerrymandering is okay".
             | 
             | Thomas wants to revisit a lot of rulings like the one that
             | gave gay people to right to get married. But I bet he won't
             | revisit "Loving vs Virginia".
        
               | coffeemug wrote:
               | Scalia described how to handle these cases very clearly.
               | If the court overreached but there is broad consensus on
               | the issue, it's water under the bridge. If the issue is
               | still controversial, it's fair game. Nobody thinks we
               | should revisit interracial marriage, and so under this
               | interpretation it won't be revisited.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Are you sure about that?
               | 
               | https://www.al.com/entertainment/2014/10/how_do_christian
               | s_f...
               | 
               | Anecdotally, I am Black and live in in a predominantly
               | White county that was a famous "sun down town"
               | (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=WErjPmFulQ0) in the 80s.
               | 
               | The people in that video still exist in the county. They
               | just have been overrun by professionals moving in as
               | builders took advantage of abundant land and built houses
               | over the last ten years.
               | 
               | It's just not as acceptable to espouse those views in
               | modern society. I'm sure some of the family members of
               | the White girls my (step)son dates (the county is still
               | only 3.8% Black) would not approve of their relative
               | dating my son. Don't get me wrong, by "relatives", I mean
               | grandparents, older relatives, etc. I've never sensed any
               | hostility from parents. But that could be because they
               | think we "are one of the good ones"
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Which is of course odd since it flies directly in the
               | face of Scalia's "originalism", and lays bare that the
               | constitution is a living document. It also means that _by
               | the very act of objecting to the ruling_ , I am creating
               | precedent to repeal, since I am "creating controversy".
        
             | EricDeb wrote:
             | So flip the entire thing and say Congress and the
             | presidency were hyper-progressive. Do you not think this
             | court would use the constitution to strike down their laws
             | (say universal healthcare or something)? They are only
             | rolling back these excesses because it fits their ideology.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | They have been hyper-progressive, and hyper-regressive.
               | As RBG noted - the USSC got out "in front of" the law
               | with Roe V. Wade - which resulted in it invalidating
               | every state law (pro or anti-abortion) and caused a era
               | of dramatically increased polarization.
               | 
               | They also wrote Dredd Scott, Ferguson, Citizens United,
               | and Korematsu.
               | 
               | At what point do you constrain the power of the supreme
               | court to make law as opposed to interpret it?
               | 
               | The Supreme Court has done far more damage then help,
               | historically.
        
               | bearjaws wrote:
               | Saying that Roe v Wade resulted in an era of increased
               | polarization is completely sidelining the facts that
               | 
               | A) women we're suffering from the lack of the right at
               | the time.
               | 
               | B) that churches and GOP actually drove the polarization,
               | they chose to use it as a device to divide.
               | 
               | It would be like saying abolition of slavery was too soon
               | because it caused the civil war... Who cares the law
               | shouldn't have to wait for cave men to move forward.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | Funny enough - all of the actions that the Supreme Court
               | took to entrench and strengthen slavery arguably were one
               | of the things that caused the Civil War.
               | 
               | a) no. States were in the process of legalizing it - with
               | restrictions far more in line with the rest of the
               | democratic world.
               | 
               | b) no. In fact, most churches (the SBC for example)
               | polarized _after_ roe v. wade. In fact, most evangelicals
               | were left-leaning prior to this ruling. (Some partisan
               | hacks will insist that it was desegregation that led to
               | this, but Brown versus Board was 1954, and the SBC was
               | still solidly liberal in 1972). Roe v. Wade lit
               | everything on fire. (See RBG's comments on Roe V. Wade),
               | precisely because it was a un-elected court making a
               | change that no law could challenge.
               | 
               | It's telling that simply saying "this is not a matter for
               | the supreme court but the people's representatives" is so
               | incredibly controversial.
               | 
               | My hope on all of this is that this ends the imperial
               | court - and abortion stops being the mother of all wedge
               | issues, and allows some elements that moved to the right
               | because of the undemocratic change to move back to the
               | left now that the democratic norms are re-established.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | > It's telling that simply saying "this is not a matter
               | for the supreme court but the people's representatives"
               | is so incredibly controversial.
               | 
               | There are of course two followup questions here:
               | 
               | 1. Would the current supreme court allow a federal
               | abortion law that codifies roe? The SC opinion explicitly
               | notes that their ruling returns this to the states, but
               | federal representatives are representatives too.
               | 
               | 2. Does it really make sense for rights to be up to the
               | whims of the legislature? If it takes 60 votes to pass a
               | national abortion legalization, and 50 senate votes to
               | repeal it, will we end up with lasting legislation, or
               | just a de-facto ban because abortion is repealed every
               | 2-4 years?
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | I'm all in on "B" as the mechanism of division. The
               | polarization is _intentional_ and _manufactured_.
               | 
               | Divided we fall.
        
               | gedy wrote:
               | While I understand your point, the issue is most
               | progressive issues aren't easily traced back to clear
               | laws or the Constitution. These very frequently depend on
               | loose interpretations or extrapolations such as "general
               | welfare", etc.
               | 
               | It would be better if these were clearly codified in laws
               | vs being on shaky ground forever. E.g Roe v Wade
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Do you not think this court would use the constitution
               | to strike down their laws (say universal healthcare or
               | something)?
               | 
               | They upheld Obamacare again just last year.
               | 
               | > They are only rolling back these excesses because it
               | fits their ideology.
               | 
               | This is just liberal projection. Liberal justices almost
               | always vote as a unified bloc on major cases based on the
               | results. It's always the conservative justices that go
               | wobbly: Thomas voting against federal marijuana
               | prohibition, Roberts repeatedly voting to uphold
               | Obamacare, Roberts opposing overtrning _Roe_ , Kennedy
               | finding that the Constitution protects same-sex marriage,
               | Gorsuch and Kavanaugh finding that the Civil Rights Act
               | protects sexual orientation, etc.
        
               | Bhilai wrote:
               | I would not be surprised if the current right leaning
               | super majority guts Obama care too (if a case comes
               | along.) Thomas has already indicated he supports rolling
               | back gay marriage etc.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | Wikipedia has a good graph that illustrates your point -
               | most justices become more liberal over time and very
               | rarely become more conservative.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideological_leanings_of_Uni
               | ted...
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | Sure, whatever. These guys are great at espousing some high
         | minded principle that happens to fit into whatever the desired
         | outcome happens to be.
         | 
         | These reactionaries represent the dead hand of a generation of
         | people who control or seek to control to guide society to meet
         | their own generational/dynastic wealth and power goals.
         | 
         | I'm sure you'll feel differently as the assaults on the 14th
         | amendment continue and things like the right to privacy are
         | whittled down to a nub.
        
           | robonerd wrote:
           | If recent SCOTUS decisions are a dead generation reaching out
           | of the grave to get their way in the end against the united
           | consensus of the living, then the living should have no
           | trouble sorting Congress out and getting the right laws and
           | amendments passed the proper way.
           | 
           | Of course, the truth is that living generations are not
           | nearly so united against this as you seem to be suggesting.
           | There certainly isn't enough consensus to pass any
           | amendments. It's not _really_ the dead hand of a bygone
           | generation doing this, it 's people who are still very much
           | alive and relevant who disagree with you.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | The more reactionary elements are very concerned and talk
             | openly about things like replacement theory as a call to
             | action.
             | 
             | It's a prime motivation for some of the more extreme
             | positions and differentiates the 2020 right winger from a
             | 1980 conservative.
        
             | iostream24 wrote:
             | The whole concept of a corporate fourth estate informing a
             | populace how to vote contrary to their own interests is
             | surely a major problem our founders weren't considering
             | very heavily, given the media of the time.
             | 
             | I can't imagine the World War generations silently watching
             | Tucker give aid and comfort to Putin either...
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | I can see how corporate influence might play a role in
               | this EPA decision, but most of the ire being thrown at
               | SCOTUS recently is about abortion and I don't see any
               | clear corporate pro-life consensus. On the contrary, I
               | expect most corporations want to keep abortion legal to
               | protect their workforce.
               | 
               | > _I can't imagine the World War generations silently
               | watching Tucker give aid and comfort to Putin either..._
               | 
               | Yes, the world war generations had trouble with the
               | principle of free speech; for instance, arresting people
               | for protesting the draft during the first world war:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_States
               | And do I need to remind you of the mass internment of
               | Japanese Americans, convicted of no crimes, during the
               | second world war?
               | 
               | I like to think we've made some progress since then.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | So the EPA is kneecapped since they have to go through the most
         | ineffective and hyper partisan congress since the founding of
         | the country.
        
           | SllX wrote:
           | Well there was once a Congress that passed the Missouri
           | Compromise which institutionalized hyper-partisanship and
           | another that was so ineffective its successor Congress
           | literally fell apart when several States seceded from the
           | Union and those States then went to War with the Union.
           | 
           | So, cut the hyperbole. Partisanship has always been a
           | political reality. The EPA is capped to the powers that
           | Congress gave it, and does not have the autonomy to expand
           | that power at will because they're subordinate to the
           | President and the President cannot unilaterally and legally
           | _make laws_ on his own, nor can any of the agencies which
           | answer to him.
        
             | egg1 wrote:
             | I fear what a lot of what outspoken "progressive" types
             | (and yes, before anyone asks, also the MAGA crowd) want is
             | a CCP-style political system as long as _they 're_ the ones
             | in control. Concepts like separation of powers and rule of
             | law are merely obstacles to smash through on their road to
             | utopia.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Correct. Which is why both of those groups you listed
               | along with many others need to continue to lose elections
               | and fail to attain power because the endgame for them is
               | eliminating the possibility that they ever lose an
               | election again. Like the CCP has.
        
           | politician wrote:
           | And yet, fixing that problem -- the problem of the
           | ineffectiveness and hyper-partisanship of Congress -- would
           | have so many positive effects for all of our lives regardless
           | of our ideological perspectives that it should be our number
           | one priority as the electorate.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | kmeisthax wrote:
             | The ineffectiveness and hyperpartisanship of Congress is
             | directly attributable to the ideological perspectives of
             | the electorate.
             | 
             | Also, Congress is not as ineffective and hyperpartisan as
             | you think. It's _only_ on issues that have public attention
             | that they act this way. When nobody is looking they move
             | quickly and decisively.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | So true, see the Patriot Act, DMCA and all the anti-
               | network Neutrality bills.
        
             | JauntTrooper wrote:
             | Eliminating partisan gerrymandering would go a long way.
             | 
             | Less than 10% of congressional districts this year will be
             | competitive (defined as the most recent presidential
             | election margin was within 10 percentage points). Only 41
             | seats!
             | 
             | I haven't really seen a realistic plan to do it though.
        
               | zajio1am wrote:
               | OTOH, results of elections to congress (house of
               | representatives) looks balanced - total seats gained by
               | each party matches popular vote with deviation < 1%.
               | Which is much better than i expected considering single-
               | seat system leads to advantages for dominant players even
               | without gerrymandering.
               | 
               | Even in my home country, which is european country with
               | proportional system and no gerrymandering, such deviation
               | is higher (< 2%) due to rounding effects.
               | 
               | Gerrymandering is main issue in (some) state elections
               | (e.g. Wisconsin 2018 is egregious example), not federal
               | elections.
        
               | JauntTrooper wrote:
               | The totals are a little misleading because there is
               | partisan gerrymandering on both sides, so they somewhat
               | balance each other out. Courts have also been highly
               | involved in rejecting the most brazenly disproportionate
               | maps, but that may soon change next year due to the newly
               | constituted Supreme Court.
               | 
               | The bigger problem is that it incentivizes partisanship
               | and extremist views in uncompetitive districts because
               | the representative is effectively decided in the party's
               | primary election, not the general election which has
               | higher turnout and a more representative electorate.
               | 
               | Also the fact that 90%+ of congressional seats are safe
               | except for the occasional primary opponent discourages
               | accountability. Our districts are so distorted, they make
               | no geographic sense. And it means a large percentage of
               | our population is permanently disenfranchised, which
               | dampens voter participation. It really is one of the
               | biggest structural problems of our democracy right now.
        
           | tick_tock_tick wrote:
           | Yes the EPA, created by congress and given a mandate by
           | congress, must go to congress if it wasn't new powers or
           | authorities....
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Do you have a source for that claim? I find it hard to
           | believe that partisan conduct didn't exist on the hot topics
           | of the day throughout history.
           | 
           | For example, it took years to create a constitution, then
           | more years for a bill of rights. There was a lot of
           | federalist vs anti-federalist debate. Then things like
           | slavery, segregation, etc. I mean, we fought a civil war. How
           | much more partisan can it get than that?
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | We used to admit states to the Union in pairs so that there
             | was an equal number of free and slave states. THAT is
             | partisanship.
        
           | blowski wrote:
           | Perhaps there is a hyper-partisan congress because it's a
           | reaction to what some have viewed as a hyper-partisan Supreme
           | Court.
           | 
           | On a positive reading, the Court is now saying states have
           | the right to choose these issues for themselves. There are
           | means in the constitution for overruling a minority of
           | states, that is by passing a constitutional amendment. By
           | allowing and even encouraging the Court to make these
           | decisions, Congress has built up a democratic deficit which
           | has exploded in its face.
           | 
           | On a negative reading, sadly, the Court is just as partisan
           | now but in the other direction. Thus the deficit won't go
           | away.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | That's the strategy of the Federalist Society, make rulings
           | via the undemocratic SCOTUS under the guise of giving
           | states/congress power, but then also making sure that state
           | elections are undemocratic via gerrymandering, voting laws,
           | etc.
           | 
           | It doesn't help that taking action on matters of national
           | importance is inherently difficult in a Federalist
           | government.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | from Wikipedia '... The Federalist Society provides its
             | 70,000 members with "intellectual sparring and professional
             | grooming.'
             | 
             | without taking sides on this attorney gang, it seems to be
             | like a bunch of professional boxers and others here are mad
             | because they cannot fight. I do not want to fight lawyers,
             | but calling them a conspiracy, when they specifically
             | engage and practice debate professionally, is sort of
             | pathetic honestly.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | > _but calling them a conspiracy, when they specifically
               | engage and practice debate professionally, is sort of
               | pathetic honestly._
               | 
               | Debating professionally precludes conspiracy? What if a
               | high-school debate club decides to rob a bank?
        
               | sterlind wrote:
               | I grew up going to FedSoc. officially, it's just a debate
               | society - the panels are streamed on CSPAN, it's all
               | public. unofficially, it's a Mecca of networking for
               | conservative lawyers. the upper echelons are nearly
               | exclusively Catholics, and the founder provided Trump
               | with shortlists of Justices he could pick from. and all
               | that networking made it happen. it's no coincidence all
               | the recent nominees are Catholic.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | as an aside it is actually sort of humorous to describe
               | the center of bunches of Catholic Attorneys as Mecca
        
           | themaninthedark wrote:
           | The EPA is under the executive branch, they should not "have
           | to go through congress" for anything. That is entirely out of
           | their scope of operation.
           | 
           | They are supposed to be enforcing and upholding the laws that
           | congress enacts.
        
         | radley wrote:
         | > The gist of that doctrine is that an agency can't stretch
         | some pre-existing grant of Congressional authority to create
         | sweeping regulations addressing a major new problem.
         | 
         | But it's not a major new problem. The Congress that established
         | the EPA granted the "stretching" along with it, otherwise it
         | would take an act of Congress to determine the color of the
         | Post-its.
         | 
         | The new rulings are farcical zealotry. Apparently, the only
         | people capable of making decisions died 100 years ago and
         | anything we've learned after the Civil War doesn't matter.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | evanpw wrote:
         | > Headlines about Supreme Court cases are almost uniformly
         | misleading, because they suggest the Court is making decisions
         | on policy issues rather than legal issues.
         | 
         | I agree with this completely, but it doesn't help when justices
         | begin their opinion / concurrence / dissent with a long policy
         | discussion before talking about the legal questions. That's
         | been the case in several of the recent decisions.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Why does HN, or SWEs in general, have a libertarian / small
         | govt bias?
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | Engineering woo effect, perhaps?
           | https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Engineers_and_woo
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | Because everyone here is a phony.
           | 
           | Everyone publicly wants socialism, and privately wants to
           | protect their own assets.
        
         | waffleiron wrote:
         | > This case concerns whether the EPA can use its power to
         | impose control technologies on power plants, to force the
         | industry to use a particular mix of power generation sources
         | (solar, gas, etc.).
         | 
         | Dissenting opinion quotes the following, which to me (and at
         | least one supreme court judge) does not seem to limit this
         | power:
         | 
         | > "the degree of emission limitation achievable through the
         | application of the best system of emission reduction which
         | (taking into account the cost of achieving such reduction and
         | any nonair quality health and environmental impact and energy
         | requirements) the [EPA] Administrator determines has been
         | adequately demonstrated." SS7411(a)(1).
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | Ah yes, this is all perfectly above board. It just so happens
         | that after a huge amount of horse shit by the republican party
         | to appoint certain specific justices, there are immediately
         | perfect test cases to put everything exactly the way they want
         | it.
         | 
         | No. This was planned, planned very in advance, planned in the
         | open. The republican party has openly wanted to do this for
         | decades, put a plan in motion and executed very well. It is
         | obvious that these justices are completely beholden to the
         | republican party, and should be seen as such. We can play all
         | the dumb semantics games we want, but none of that changes that
         | the Supreme court is part of the US government, that their
         | decisions have broad consequences, and that those consequences
         | are obvious.
         | 
         | If you do "the right thing" and it leads to millions of people
         | oppressed when "the wrong thing, or nothing at all" would have
         | led to zero suffering, did you really do the right thing?
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | This case could have been decided either way. The result
         | clearly depends on the makeup of the Court and the justices'
         | personal inclinations. As evidence: _a very similar question
         | was decided by the Court_ in 2009, with a completely different
         | result [1].
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://ballotpedia.org/Massachusetts_v._Environmental_Prote...
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | This doesn't make OP's point less true: the headlines
           | surrounding this decision are misleading. This is not
           | judicial overreach, it's an application of a different theory
           | of judicial review than we've become accustomed to, and it's
           | not necessarily a bad one.
           | 
           | If we don't like it when the police creatively interpret laws
           | to target minorities, can we allow the EPA the authority to
           | creatively interpret laws to target fossil fuel companies? Is
           | it possible to give the executive authorities the power to be
           | creative, but only in the service of a good cause? This
           | Supreme Court believes it's not, and that seems like a
           | reasonable position to take.
        
             | matthewdgreen wrote:
             | A court that is unconstrained by precedent can arrive at
             | any policy outcome it wants: simply tailor a "novel" legal
             | theory that gives you the desired result, then ignore past
             | decisions that use different theories. Past Courts have
             | worked _extremely hard_ to avoid this: they viewed it as
             | fatal to the legitimacy of the Court. They were right.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | But that's exactly what the Roe v Wade decision was -
               | decide what policy you want, then have the court come up
               | with an argument as to why that right exists.
               | 
               | It's not supposed to work that way. The legislature makes
               | laws, the court interprets under the framework of the
               | Constitution.
               | 
               | Precedent is important, but it's not supposed to create
               | law out of thin air. It's supposed to be based on a firm
               | set of decisions that flow from the Constitution and law.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | Can you cite some materials to back up your claims?
               | 
               | Besides the latest Roe V Wade decision deviating from two
               | previous decisions which were decided by larger
               | majorities, it also cites ideas based in "originalism" or
               | constitutional fundamentalism which don't even make
               | sense. They argued there is "no general right to privacy"
               | outlined in the constitution, which clashes greatly with
               | any reasonable reading of the 4th amendment.
               | 
               | So please, do explain how the 4th amendment doesn't grant
               | any right to general privacy, and how this current highly
               | political court is somehow actually being more legally
               | objective than the previous two which created and upheld
               | decisively the ruling which is also generally agreed to
               | align with reasonable moral stances
        
               | carabiner wrote:
               | Here's the thing: some of us start from the point of view
               | that _the Constitution might be bad_. I know it 's
               | sacrilegious. But from there, all sorts of rulings seem
               | like improvements on a baroque 18th century piece of
               | paper. If you DO uphold the Constitution as being "the
               | greatest legal document ever made" (faith-based view)
               | then yeah all these conservative SCOTUS put-downs seem
               | logical to restoring the US source code. It's just a
               | piece of paper though being stretched to apply to
               | situations unimaginable to their originators and badly
               | need of updates.
        
               | arghnoname wrote:
               | The constitution may be bad. We've had a number of
               | amendments, most of which improved in in very critical
               | ways.
               | 
               | The point is that we should live under legislation that
               | is agreed upon via democratic means. Congress has pretty
               | broad powers to create laws. Where those powers are
               | circumscribed, such as with gun control, we have
               | prescribed mechanisms for amending the constitution and
               | making it less bad.
               | 
               | I'm highly critical of the court legislating from the
               | bench, whichever direction it does it from. I'm
               | _extremely_ frustrated and dismayed that our legislative
               | branch punts so many contentious issues to the courts. If
               | the court is now less willing to play that game, maybe
               | we'll go back to deciding things in the legislature,
               | where we can have a debate that is values-based, and not
               | just based on the reading of a baroque 18th century
               | document.
               | 
               | For what it's worth, I favor broad government action to
               | address climate change and excessive CO2 emissions, but
               | it's going to be better for everyone if there's some
               | horse-trading here and we get some broad buy-in instead
               | of having it be imposed by unelected government
               | appointees that are not operating under a broad mandate.
               | 
               | If we can't get broad buy-in, I guess that means we can't
               | deal with climate change democratically. Maybe then one
               | wants to advocate for non-democratic measures, but then
               | we should just be honest about that.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > If we don't like it when the police creatively interpret
             | laws to target minorities, can we allow the EPA the
             | authority to creatively interpret laws to target fossil
             | fuel companies?
             | 
             | We can under the legal theory "What I want goes; what I
             | don't want, no."
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > This is not judicial overreach, it's an application of a
             | different theory of judicial review than we've become
             | accustomed to, and it's not necessarily a bad one.
             | 
             | Originalism is as bad in jurisprudence as orthodoxy is in
             | religions. It is extremely dangerous to act like there
             | haven't been hundreds of years of civilizatory development
             | in all areas since the scriptures were written.
             | Originalism/orthodoxy/fundamentalism, especially one that
             | doesn't take contemporary issues of the text's origin into
             | mind, _always_ is bad.
             | 
             | Add on top that the judicial picks of the 45th were
             | carefully selected for their attitudes and the GQP ignored
             | a boatload of red flags for _every single one_ candidate,
             | and now it 's not just "application of a different theory",
             | it's a full-blown takeover.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Originalism is as bad in jurisprudence as orthodoxy is
               | in religions. It is extremely dangerous to act like there
               | haven't been hundreds of years of civilizatory
               | development in all areas since the scriptures were
               | written. Originalism/orthodoxy/fundamentalism, especially
               | one that doesn't take contemporary issues of the text's
               | origin into mind, always is bad.
               | 
               | No it isn't. Your analogy doesn't really work because
               | religious scriptures _can 't_ usually be amended (within
               | the context of a single religion), while there are well-
               | defined mechanisms for amending and updating law (e.g.
               | what legislatures do all day). Basically: update the text
               | itself with the needed changes, not the interpretation.
               | 
               | There are serious problems with using interpretation to
               | update law: it makes the text ambiguous, because who
               | knows how some loosely-constrained judge(s) will decide
               | to "update" it in the future, and it's anti-democratic
               | because it bypasses the democratic political bodies who's
               | actual job it is to actually make the updates.
               | 
               | The problem with US constitutional law right now is that
               | a lot of people want certain things to be
               | "constitutional" when there's no actual consensus for
               | doing so (a consensus isn't 50% + 1, it's "pretty much
               | everyone agrees").
        
               | iostream24 wrote:
               | Actual originalism is impossible, even if you isolated
               | yourself from social cults seeking to cultivate corrupt
               | judges like the federalist society.
               | 
               | All humans have inherent biases and lenses and
               | perspectives. Do jury duty sometime. Actual factual
               | recollections vary in details and even factual accuracy
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Actual originalism is impossible...
               | 
               | In an absolutely pure form? Sure, but that's true of most
               | good things (e.g. justice). That doesn't mean the concept
               | is bad or that shouldn't be pursued to the greatest
               | degree possible, especially when the alternative is to
               | have someone interpret the law like Humpty Dumpty when it
               | suits them
               | (https://www.fecundity.com/pmagnus/humpty.html).
        
               | ahtihn wrote:
               | > Originalism is as bad in jurisprudence as orthodoxy is
               | in religions.
               | 
               | There's nothing stopping you from rewriting the laws.
               | Religions don't work that way.
               | 
               | Although, the US constitution is almost a religious text
               | the way it's treated as almost sacred. Why does anyone
               | still care what the founders intended? They're not
               | prophets...
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Where did you see a headline about judicial overreach? The
             | headline here and in the article is objectively correct.
        
             | LargeWu wrote:
             | "A different theory of legal review" which here means
             | coming to a predetermined policy decision, and then
             | inventing legal justification for it, no matter how flimsy.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | I've had plenty of educated, well-informed individuals
               | make _exactly_ the same legal arguments to me for
               | decades. Whether or not I agree with the reasoning, it 's
               | not hard for me to believe that the Supreme Court
               | justices believed the principles they're following _long_
               | before they arrived at this decision.
               | 
               | You can disagree with the legal justification, but that
               | you disagree is not evidence that it was invented to
               | achieve a specific goal.
        
               | philosopher1234 wrote:
               | Because its not provable. But it is still true.
               | 
               | Sticking our heads in the sand because theres still
               | percentage points of doubt leads to disaster.
        
         | xyzzyz wrote:
         | The headlines aren't entirely wrong. If you look at the
         | conservative majority opinions, you'll find that indeed, it's
         | about the relevant legal issues, ie. what the law actually
         | says. On the other hand, if you read liberal dissents, they're
         | mostly about what they think appropriate policy should be.
         | 
         | In this particular case, the majority opinion starts off by
         | quoting the relevant statute and analyzing its meaning, whereas
         | the dissent starts off by saying (quoting) that "climate change
         | is the most pressing environmental challenge of our time", and
         | continues with a long litany of how bad it is.
         | 
         | Really, I find the entire thing to be rather crazy: if the
         | Congress wants EPA to regulate emissions the way they tried to
         | do, all it needs to do is to pass a law explicitly instructing
         | it to do so. Of course, it won't, because there is no political
         | will in Congress to pass this. At the same time, the EPA's
         | argument in this case was that the Congress has _already
         | delegated this to EPA_. Considering that the Congress won't
         | pass a law confirming that yes, it did in fact delegate
         | authority to execute these particular regulations (which,
         | again, would render the entire SCOTUS decision irrelevant), I
         | find the EPA's argument of rather dubious quality.
        
           | JamesBarney wrote:
           | The roe v Wade decision seemed to follow a similar pattern
           | with the conservative opinion being about how there isn't
           | really a basis for a constitutional right to an abortion up
           | to viability (seems true) and the liberal dissenting opinion
           | was about how the decision was going to be bad for women
           | (also true) and how this opens up the floodgates to reversing
           | a lot of other important supreme court decisions ( not sure
           | how true that is)
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | Is there a constitutional right to marry someone of another
             | race? (Loving vs Virginia). Is there a constitutional right
             | for gay people to get married (Obergefell vs Hodges)? Is
             | there a constitutional right to buy contraceptive?
             | 
             | Guess which two of those Thomas wants to revisit and the
             | one he probably doesn't?
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | I'm waiting for the first lawsuit against the DEA. What in
             | the constitution gives the right for the Fedwral Government
             | to regulate what we voluntarily put in our bodies or grow
             | in our back yards?
        
               | baggy_trough wrote:
               | Nothing whatsoever. That's why most of what the federal
               | government does is unlawful.
        
               | EricDeb wrote:
               | And this is where their hypocrisy will show because they
               | will absolutely find a way to allow the DEA to remain
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | Consumption isn't illegal just possession.
        
               | gernb wrote:
               | Seriously curious. If I consume somthing, don't I now
               | posses it (it's in my body) or didn't I have to posses it
               | for at least a moment (in order to consume it)
               | 
               | I'm just curious in what ways this distinction would play
               | out. I can see if "consuming" was illegal and
               | "possession" was not logically works but it's harder to
               | see how "consuming" is legal and "possession" is not
               | doesn't effectively make "consuming" also illegal.
        
               | bashinator wrote:
               | Why stop at "grow"? I don't see why the federal
               | government should have any say over in what chemicals I
               | might want to purchase or manufacture.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | There is a bit of a your fist/my face issue. I don't want
               | my neighbor operating a meth lab in his shed or building
               | an atomic pile.
        
               | bashinator wrote:
               | Devil's advocate: (I won't take on the atomic pile
               | question since we're talking about consumables)
               | 
               | Operating a meth lab is dangerous _because_ it's illegal.
               | If it were regulated and licensed, it would be no more
               | dangerous than say operating an 18-wheel rig.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > I'm waiting for the first lawsuit against the DEA. What
               | in the constitution gives the right for the Fedwral
               | Government to regulate what we voluntarily put in our
               | bodies or grow in our back yards?
               | 
               | My bet? "Interstate commerce."
        
               | benmmurphy wrote:
               | it feels kind of inconsistent. prior to roe being
               | overturned the governments were able to regulate abortion
               | to some extent. i assume some abortion medical procedures
               | required a licensed doctor and i assume abortion medicine
               | was regulated by the FDA. but at the same time the
               | government was limited in how it could restrict abortion
               | and this was justified by some privacy right which
               | somehow didn't apply to the FDA regulation of abortion or
               | medical licensing related to abortion. also, this same
               | privacy right couldn't be invoked to allow you to take
               | other medicines you might want. if you look at the
               | arguments made in Roe v Wade I'm pretty sure you could
               | claim you are taking recreational drugs as part of your
               | marital sex routine and therefore this right to privacy
               | should be extended to these drugs. i think if you
               | honestly extended the general principal of roe v wade
               | then a let of laws would be unconstitutional.
        
               | cronix wrote:
               | And if you're not engaged in any sort of commerce? Just
               | hanging out on your own land consuming what you grew for
               | yourself, like carrots?
        
               | plainolrandy wrote:
               | Believe it or not, also interstate commerce.
               | 
               | Seriously.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickard_v._Filburn
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yep. They can prevent growing your own wheat (in large
               | quantity) because it impacts interstate wheat markets.
               | You can literally bend this to apply to anything on that
               | logic.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | Doesn't work if it's produced, distributed, and consumed
               | entirely in a single state.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzales_v._Raich says
               | otherwise.
               | 
               | https://www.oyez.org/cases/2004/03-1454
               | 
               | > The majority argued that Congress could ban local
               | marijuana use because it was part of such a "class of
               | activities": the national marijuana market. Local use
               | affected supply and demand in the national marijuana
               | market, making the regulation of intrastate use
               | "essential" to regulating the drug's national market.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | Incorrect:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickard_v._Filburn
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Doesn't work if it's produced, distributed, and
               | consumed entirely in a single state.
               | 
               | No, according to the Supreme Court, it's interstate
               | commerce if a butterfly bats its wings and the resulting
               | hurricane causes someone to buy a raincoat in another
               | state.
               | 
               | IIRC, the actual case involved someone growing wheat
               | their own land that they didn't even plan to sell. But
               | since wheat was sold in interstate commerce, the court
               | said any activity involving involving wheat could be
               | regulated as interstate commerce.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I've had a similar thought process. We had an implicit
               | right to privacy for abortion, but not for practically
               | anything else (a couple other things, but some of them
               | were also bizarre. Like how can you have privacy over who
               | you marry if you're required to get a license before hand
               | and they can still ban some classes/conditions but not
               | others). If it is a right, it should apply universally.
               | If not, then we need to start creating those rights in
               | the constitution (where it requires larger agreement and
               | isn't as easy to overturn). But maybe I'm crazy.
        
               | cronix wrote:
               | > We had an implicit right to privacy for abortion,
               | 
               | RBG didn't see it that way.
               | 
               | "Roe isn't really about the woman's choice, is it?"
               | Ginsburg said. "It's about the doctor's freedom to
               | practice...it wasn't woman-centered, it was physician-
               | centered."
               | 
               | "My criticism of Roe is that it seemed to have stopped
               | the momentum on the side of change," Ginsburg said. She
               | would've preferred that abortion rights be secured more
               | gradually, in a process that included state legislatures
               | and the courts, she added. Ginsburg also was troubled
               | that the focus on Roe was on a right to privacy, rather
               | than women's rights."
               | 
               | https://www.law.uchicago.edu/news/justice-ruth-bader-
               | ginsbur...
        
             | specialist wrote:
             | More specifically, the dissenting opinion argues that the
             | right to abortion logically follows from all the prior
             | rights granted to women, eg own property, voting, divorce.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | It's my understanding it's argued the right to an
               | abortion is given from the 14th amendment.
               | 
               | I didn't really see anything from the dissenting opinion
               | about how the right to an abortion is given by women's
               | right to voting, property or divorce (?).
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | How could they have been more explicit? From the dissent
               | (emphasis mine):
               | 
               | JUSTICE BREYER, JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR, and JUSTICE KAGAN,
               | dissenting.
               | 
               | For half a century, Roe v. Wade, and Planned Parenthood
               | of Southeastern Pa. v. Casey, have protected the liberty
               | and equality of women. Roe held, and Casey reaffirmed,
               | that the Constitution safeguards a woman's right to
               | decide for herself whether to bear a child. Roe held, and
               | Casey reaffirmed, that in the first stages of pregnancy,
               | the government could not make that choice for women. The
               | government could not control a woman's body or the course
               | of a woman's life: It could not determine what the
               | woman's future would be. _Respecting a woman as an
               | autonomous being, and granting her full equality, meant
               | giving her substantial choice over this most personal and
               | most consequential of all life decisions._
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | Whatever the exact scope of the coming laws, one result
               | of today's decision is certain: _the curtailment of
               | women's rights, and of their status as free and equal
               | citizens._ Yesterday, the Constitution guaranteed that a
               | woman confronted with an unplanned pregnancy could
               | (within reasonable limits) make her own decision about
               | whether to bear a child, with all the life-transforming
               | consequences that act involves. And in thus safeguarding
               | each woman's reproductive freedom, _the Constitution also
               | protected "[t]he ability of women to participate equally
               | in [this Nation's] economic and social life."._ But no
               | longer. As of today, this Court holds, a State can always
               | force a woman to give birth, prohibiting even the
               | earliest abortions. A State can thus transform what, when
               | freely undertaken, is a wonder into what, when forced,
               | may be a nightmare. Some women, especially women of
               | means, will find ways around the State's assertion of
               | power. Others--those without money or childcare or the
               | ability to take time off from work--will not be so
               | fortunate. Maybe they will try an un- safe method of
               | abortion, and come to physical harm, or even die. Maybe
               | they will undergo pregnancy and have a child, but at
               | significant personal or familial cost. At the least, they
               | will incur the cost of losing control of their lives. The
               | Constitution will, today's majority holds, provide no
               | shield, despite its guarantees of liberty and equality
               | for all.
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               |  _The right Roe and Casey recognized does not stand
               | alone. To the contrary, the Court has linked it for
               | decades to other settled freedoms involving bodily
               | integrity, familial relationships, and procreation._ Most
               | obviously, the right to terminate a pregnancy arose
               | straight out of the right to purchase and use
               | contraception. In turn, those rights led, more recently,
               | to rights of same-sex intimacy and marriage. _They are
               | all part of the same constitutional fabric, protecting
               | autonomous decisionmaking over the most personal of life
               | decisions._
        
               | comex wrote:
               | The argument is that the right to abortion follows from
               | the 14th Amendment's guarantee that "liberty" is not
               | deprived without due process. This is linked to other
               | rights that were derived from the same clause, including
               | contraception, cross-racial marriage, and same-sex
               | intimacy and marriage. Some of the text you quoted also
               | seems to hint at (but does not explicitly discuss) the
               | other clauses of the 14th Amendment, the one about
               | "privileges and immunities of citizens" and the one about
               | "equal protection of the laws". Other parts you quoted
               | are simply arguments for _why_ abortion is part of
               | "liberty".
               | 
               | Regarding your previous examples:
               | 
               | - Right to own property: In _Kirchberg v. Feenstra_ , a
               | law giving sole control of marital property to the
               | husband was found unconstitutional under the Equal
               | Protection Clause. So it's related to _Roe v. Wade_ 's
               | Due Process argument, but not quite the same.
               | 
               | - Right to vote: This was explicitly granted by the 19th
               | Amendment. Before that, the Supreme Court had ruled in
               | _Minor v. Happersett_ that the 14th Amendment 's
               | Privileges and Immunities Clause did _not_ give women the
               | right to vote, though one might imagine that the _Roe_
               | court (or the _Dobbs_ dissenters) would have disagreed
               | (or would have found that right in a different part of
               | the 14th Amendment).
               | 
               | - Right to divorce: I can't find any major Supreme Court
               | cases trying to establish such a right. All fifty states
               | allow for no-fault divorce, but that's grounded in state
               | law and is only true as of 2010.
        
               | paintman252 wrote:
               | That's not how law works
        
           | remarkEon wrote:
           | Indeed, the reaction to this from lawmakers is really
           | perplexing. They're claiming that the Court is "rogue" or
           | something, but if you actually read what they wrote they are
           | returning power from the executive to congress (or making it
           | clear that Congress always had this power, not the
           | executive). The reaction makes me think there are many
           | lawmakers who are rather uninterested in making laws, and
           | instead actually do want to see unelected Judges and
           | executive bureaucrats implement their preferred policy
           | options instead of doing the (hard) work of writing and
           | passing those policies themselves.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | If lawmakers leave the legislation to the Court, they can't
             | be blamed for the outcome, and they remain free to
             | grandstand for the cameras.
        
           | brandonr49 wrote:
           | I suspect there are a great many existing laws that congress
           | would not pass today.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > If you look at the conservative majority opinions, you'll
           | find that indeed, it's about the relevant legal issues, ie.
           | what the law actually says.
           | 
           | Qualified immunity and asset forfeiture would like a word.
        
             | drewrv wrote:
             | This term alone the "conservative majority opinions" have
             | been downright contradictory on "relevant legal issues".
             | Women now have a right to defend their life with a gun but
             | cannot defend their life with healthcare.
             | 
             | It's clear that they are simply using "originalism" to
             | cherry pick what falls in line with their personal
             | opinions.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | > Women now have a right to defend their life with a gun
               | but cannot defend their life with healthcare.
               | 
               | You are just illustrating my exact point. Right to keep
               | and bear arms is explicitly secured in the Constitution
               | that it "shall not be infringed", whereas nothing of this
               | sort is clearly and explicitly said about abortion
               | rights. Here, again, conservatives focus on what the law
               | actually says, and liberals focus on their preferred
               | policy, and if their preferred policy is not to be
               | clearly and explicitly found in the law, it is instead
               | found in the "emanations of the penumbra".
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | > Right to keep and bear arms is explicitly secured in
               | the Constitution that it "shall not be infringed",
               | 
               | Only in the context of a well-regulated militia, at least
               | until Scalia amended the Constitution in Heller.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > Right to keep and bear arms is explicitly secured in
               | the Constitution
               | 
               | An _individual_ right to keep and bear arms was _newly
               | discovered_ in 2008, in a 5-4 decision. It took 220 years
               | for a single vote majority to find evidence of it.
               | 
               | > it is instead found in the "emanations of the penumbra"
               | 
               | That's a funny way of describing the Ninth Amendment.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | This is a (deliberate) misreading.
               | 
               | The Supreme Court stated that you could not apply handgun
               | laws in a way that privileged one group over another.
               | Historically, if you were black, no gun. White and knew
               | the governor? Weapon up.
               | 
               | The supreme court's policies have been pretty
               | straightforward if you read the constitution. The
               | legislature has the responsibility to write the law. Not
               | the supreme court (which is un-elected), not bureaucrats
               | (who are un-elected) - without explicit law to make it
               | possible.
               | 
               | The fact that everyone is screaming that an unelected
               | bunch of mostly white folks are returning power to
               | congress and telling them - no, be democratic - reveals a
               | awful lot about the current state of the United States.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > The Supreme Court stated that you could not apply
               | handgun laws in a way that privileged one group over
               | another.
               | 
               | Claiming this in the same post you accuse someone else of
               | "deliberate misreading" is a bit funny.
               | 
               | New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
               | goes _substantially_ further than that.
        
           | johndhi wrote:
           | Congress wouldn't ratify 99% of court decisions even when the
           | text of their bill is very clear l. The argument you make in
           | the last sentence of your post is very weak.
        
           | DFHippie wrote:
           | > if the Congress wants EPA to regulate emissions the way
           | they tried to do, all it needs to do is to pass a law
           | explicitly instructing it to do so. Of course, it won't,
           | because there is no political will in Congress to pass this.
           | 
           | This doesn't accurately represent the present situation on
           | this or really any topic. It makes is sound like members of
           | Congress simply don't care. Unless the filibuster is removed
           | or reformed, a party wishing to legislate on any
           | controversial issue needs a super majority in the Senate to
           | pass the legislation just in that chamber of Congress. They
           | also need control of the House and the presidency. There is
           | plenty of political will in the Democratic caucus to pass
           | this legislation, but due to gerrymandering in the House and
           | the inherently unrepresentative nature of the Senate they
           | cannot get enough votes to pass legislation, however much
           | they may wish to, on the rare occasions the stars align and
           | they have control over both the executive and legislative
           | branches. The Republicans need control over only one of these
           | three choke points to stop legislation. And now that they
           | have a generation of control over the Supreme Court, and the
           | Court has demonstrated that they regard legal argument as
           | post facto justification for political decisions, the
           | Democrats are well and truly screwed. There may be some
           | Republicans who secretly would like to do something about any
           | one of the major catastrophes facing the nation and the
           | world, and some may claim this in public, but because their
           | co-partisans are making total political war on non-
           | conservatives at the moment they can't actually do anything
           | or they face the mob.
           | 
           | Basically, "political will" isn't the issue. It's our
           | crappily designed "democracy" mixed with total political war,
           | strident propaganda, and millennialists who are happy to let
           | the world go to hell because they think they're going to
           | heaven.
        
             | efitz wrote:
             | In my mind all this means that things are working as
             | intended. The Constitution was set up to limit what the
             | federal government can do, and the Congress (particularly
             | the senate) was set up to make it hard to do things that
             | did not have significant support over and above a simple
             | majority.
             | 
             | FDR set up a bureaucratic state to try to get around this,
             | but it's not what the constitution envisioned.
             | 
             | I for one am happy that unelected bureaucrats (who the
             | voters have no way to get rid of) now have less power, and
             | that politicians who can be held accountable now have to
             | act explicitly to make big changes. Again, working as
             | designed.
        
               | DFHippie wrote:
               | > I for one am happy that unelected bureaucrats (who the
               | voters have no way to get rid of) now have less power,
               | and that politicians who can be held accountable now have
               | to act explicitly to make big changes. Again, working as
               | designed.
               | 
               | Politicians are held accountable for _not_ doing things
               | as well. In our current system whoever is in power is
               | held accountable, even if they didn 't do anything
               | because they were blocked by our byzantine form of
               | government. But the politicians who should be held
               | accountable are the ones who blocked it. Do you view this
               | as a good system?
               | 
               | Consider a scenario:
               | 
               | President Bob and the Do Something party are in power.
               | They really, really, really want to do something.
               | Everyone is yelling at them to do something! Something
               | must be done! But the Do Nothing party uses some
               | procedural mechanism, or their control of the cloak room,
               | or the secret password written on the back of the
               | Constitution, to keep anything from happening. The public
               | doesn't understand the system, because few people do; all
               | they see is that NOTHING IS GETTING DONE. The Do Nothing
               | party is quite pleased to stick all the blame on the Do
               | Something party. They don't enlighten the voters. Even
               | while they block any action they go on TV and solemnly
               | intone about the fecklessness of the Do Something party.
               | They said they would do something! Look what they do when
               | in power! So feckless! So the voters punish the Do
               | Something party at the polls.
               | 
               | This is more or less how our system of government works.
               | 
               | Sometimes something needs to be done. But we can't do
               | anything!*
               | 
               | * Footnote: this isn't strictly true. The Do Something
               | party will cooperate with the Do Nothing party on those
               | rare occasions when the Do Nothingers actually want to do
               | something. The Do Nothing party will not reciprocate.
        
               | iostream24 wrote:
               | Nice rant, however you are ignoring the dissenting
               | opinion above, and your comfortable tone indicates
               | satisfaction with the status quo, which generally never
               | needed more support, and brands you as one who would side
               | with power everytime. I wouldn't trust you in my
               | organization.
        
             | idontpost wrote:
        
           | gernb wrote:
           | Are you just repeating that the OP said?
           | 
           | > On the other hand, if you read liberal dissents, they're
           | mostly about what they think appropriate policy should be.
           | 
           | The Supreme Court is not supposed to set policy. It's only
           | supposed to rule on if the policy set by others (Congress) is
           | constitutional or not.
           | 
           | If the EPA could do anthing to stop emmisions, banning power
           | plants from existing at all would satisfy "do anything to
           | stop emmisions", so would "depopulating the planet" (no
           | people, no need for power plants). Those seems like they make
           | it pretty clear they need specific limits. They were given
           | specific limits. The court confirmed that.
           | 
           | Congress needs to increase what they're allowed to regulate
           | and how if they want more power. It's frustrating that that's
           | so hard to come by but it's hard to imagine how else it could
           | be
        
           | syrrim wrote:
           | If congress disagreed with this interpretation, they could
           | pass a law explicitly ruling it out. The power of the supreme
           | court in this regard relies on the fact that congress has
           | great difficulty passing any law at all, and thus whatever
           | interpretation given by the supreme court is likely to
           | persist.
           | 
           | >If you look at the conservative majority opinions, you'll
           | find that indeed, it's about the relevant legal issues, ie.
           | what the law actually says.
           | 
           | The dissertation focuses on that. The actual reasoning might
           | be based on something else. The court is strongly interested
           | in projecting an image of being neutral, and of only going
           | off of the wording of laws, rather than involving their own
           | biases. Thus, the majority opinion should be read as an
           | attempt to assign such a motive to their decision, whereas
           | the dissenting opinions attempt to assign the opposite
           | motive. That is, they attempt to suggest that the majority
           | ruled this way because they are insufficiently worried about
           | climate change.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > If congress disagreed with this interpretation, they
             | could pass a law explicitly ruling it out.
             | 
             | But that would be backwards and wrong (like a default-allow
             | firewall rule).
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | No that would be correct. Congress delegated the power of
               | they don't want to do that anymore they should take it
               | away
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > No that would be correct. Congress delegated the power
               | of they don't want to do that anymore they should take it
               | away
               | 
               | No, they didn't. Congress delegating to the EPA (for
               | instance) the power to regulate CFCs to save the ozone
               | layer, does not also delegate the power to the EPA to
               | regulate CO2 to solve global warming.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The Clean Air Act didn't say "regulate CFCs", though. It
               | told the EPA to regulate _pollutants_.
               | 
               | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2013-title42/h
               | tml...
               | 
               | > The Administrator shall periodically review the list
               | established by this subsection and publish the results
               | thereof and, where appropriate, revise such list by rule,
               | adding pollutants which present, or may present, through
               | inhalation or other routes of exposure, a threat of
               | adverse human health effects (including, but not limited
               | to, substances which are known to be, or may reasonably
               | be anticipated to be, carcinogenic, mutagenic,
               | teratogenic, neurotoxic, which cause reproductive
               | dysfunction, or which are acutely or chronically toxic)
               | or adverse environmental effects whether through ambient
               | concentrations, bioaccumulation, deposition, or
               | otherwise, but not including releases subject to
               | regulation under subsection (r) of this section as a
               | result of emissions to the air.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | In fact, it would be even worse than you say, because it
               | would not be applied in a principled and consistent way.
               | In actual practice, it would be default-allow if
               | convenient, and default-forbid if not.
        
           | aaron_m04 wrote:
           | > [...] if the Congress wants EPA to regulate emissions the
           | way they tried to do, all it needs to do is to pass a law
           | explicitly instructing it to do so. Of course, it won't,
           | because there is no political will in Congress to pass this.
           | 
           | At this stage in the climate crisis, we really need to be
           | focused on direct results of political actions. The majority
           | of the US population wants regulations to fight climate
           | change, and the consensus among climate scientists is that if
           | we don't aggressively cut carbon emissions immediately,
           | things will get really out of hand. Therefore, if the Supreme
           | Court is reducing the EPA's ability to help this, it is both
           | anti-democratic and massively harmful to the public good. It
           | really doesn't matter that the EPA is executive overreach
           | according to some document written 230 years ago.
        
             | xyzzyz wrote:
             | No, I strongly disagree. If elected representatives cannot
             | agree on what is proper policy and pass it as law, I for
             | one do not want some nameless bureaucrats be the ones
             | calling the shots. Unelected bureaucrats creating policy as
             | they wish, unconstrained by what the law actually says, is
             | what actually is undemocratic.
             | 
             | Look, even as there might be general agreement among the
             | people to fight climate change, there might be little to no
             | agreement among the people as to how to actually proceed
             | doing that. Because of this, you cannot say that blocking
             | EPA here is undemocratic, because " majority of the US
             | population wants regulations to fight climate change": it
             | is very much untrue that majority of people want the exact
             | policy that EPA tries to introduce, and have it be executed
             | by EPA. It's like saying that majority of US population
             | want regulations to improve their commute times, so SCOTUS
             | cannot block DoT from eminent-domaining land through cities
             | and building 10 lane highways on it. Some people want that,
             | sure, but others want more trains or zoning regulations to
             | improve walkability, and there is no majority agreement
             | here on the details of the policy. You certainly don't want
             | unelected bureaucrats with no accountability to voters be
             | deciding major issues like that.
        
         | sterlind wrote:
         | even Scalia thought Thomas was a kook for inventing the "major
         | questions doctrine." where in the Constitution can you find
         | this? separation of powers, apparently, if you're looking
         | through a seer stone in a hat at some golden tablets.
         | 
         | the majority invented the doctrine to neuter Federal agencies.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | PDF of the ruling:
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-1530_n758.pdf
       | 
       | As usual, it's more nuanced than the headline.
        
         | jimmygrapes wrote:
         | I truly wish more people were legally literate, and considering
         | how much intellectual overlap there is between software
         | engineering and legal writing I would have expected better from
         | the HN crowd, but so far all I see is a lot of talking point
         | parroting about partisanship from those who clearly haven't
         | even tried to read the rulings.
        
           | egg1 wrote:
           | Seriously, if just a fraction of "intellectuals" in other
           | fields took some time to read the past 50-odd years worth of
           | Supreme Court rulings, there wouldn't be all this pointless
           | bickering over basic facts. If anything, the Warren/Burger
           | courts were egregious in making up constitutional rights out
           | of thin air based on their moral beliefs, and not the letter
           | of the law. It's a shame that it takes a far-right Supreme
           | Court for people to finally understand that it's Congress's
           | job to pass new laws, not the judiciary branch.
        
             | iostream24 wrote:
             | You clearly have a political bias.
        
           | scottLobster wrote:
           | Given the quality of the conversation on Reddit (top-voted
           | memes calling Justice Barrett a handmaiden and so forth), HN
           | is still a cut above :)
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | Reddit is beyond toxic at the moment.
        
               | iostream24 wrote:
               | This place is more unfriendly, to be honest, as we get
               | more knives in the back than frontal assaults, which are
               | fairly easy to fend off or disconnect from. I can at
               | least up and down vote comments on Reddit. Here I just
               | get greyed out and can't hit back
        
             | MaxLeiter wrote:
             | I think its quite fair for people to be upset about
             | multiple justices _lying_ about Roe being settled law.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | Nobody in the comments is saying that the Supreme Court is
         | wrong in the sense that the logic doesn't follow. Of course
         | it's nuanced and up to interpretation, that's why most
         | decisions are split -- and usually split on "conservative (do
         | what I say) and liberal (do what I mean).
         | 
         | The reason people are mad is because the court is relitigating
         | long settled cases which breaks the main principle of the court
         | which is don't break userspace without damn good reason. We
         | know they think the decisions were made incorrectly but the bar
         | of "this is crucially important we fix" I don't think it is
         | being met. Instead it's at best tone deaf to the real life
         | effects of their decisions and more likely motivated to achieve
         | specific partisan legislative outcomes.
        
           | rory wrote:
           | > _The reason people are mad is because the court is
           | relitigating long settled cases_
           | 
           | How many of those same people were mad about Obergefell,
           | which did just that?
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | >The reason people are mad is because the court is
           | relitigating long settled cases which breaks the main
           | principle of the court
           | 
           | A bad decision is a bad decision no matter how long it's been
           | in effect. If anything, following "precedent" is what got us
           | into this mess in the first place. We could have ripped the
           | bandaid off decades ago on abortion and fixed it then. Now
           | it's going to be much more messy.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > A bad decision is a bad decision no matter how long it's
             | been in effect. If anything, following "precedent" is what
             | got us into this mess in the first place. We could have
             | ripped the bandaid off decades ago on abortion and fixed it
             | then. Now it's going to be much more messy.
             | 
             | IMHO, what actually got us in this mess was the Supreme
             | Court putting itself into a situation where it's regularly
             | making momentous political decisions, rather that resolving
             | finer points of law, resolving little corner cases, etc. It
             | might be expedient to use its power to set social and
             | economic policy, but that doesn't mean it's right.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | It seems like they are trying to step back with this (and
               | force the regulators to have law as well).
               | 
               | Given the horrifically vitriolic hate-filled partisan
               | crap-fest we are in - it is much too late for that.
        
           | iostream24 wrote:
           | This is one of the most reasonable comments I've read today,
           | and yet it's grayed out. That's not acceptable. HN is being
           | taken over by bullies and I'm tired of not even have my basic
           | comment voting rights.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | Most decisions are actually not split. It's just that the
           | controversial ones get all the press. No one is gonna get
           | fired up about 9-0 or 8-1 decisions.
        
             | panda-giddiness wrote:
             | This is incorrect - most cases _are_ split. The most common
             | outcome is 9-0 (about a third of cases), but the second
             | most common split is 5-4.
             | 
             | This shouldn't be surprising - controversial cases are more
             | likely to end up before the Supreme Court than mundane
             | ones.
             | 
             | [1] http://supremecourtdatabase.org/analysisFrequencies.php
             | ?sid=...
        
       | midislack wrote:
       | No, they ElimiNATED administrative rule making and private
       | courts. This is far bigger than then EPA.
        
       | DantesKite wrote:
       | I feel like a lot of people here would do well to try and
       | understand the role of the Supreme Court, instead of treating it
       | like a second version of Congress.
        
         | kevin_b_er wrote:
         | But that's just what it is now, isn't it? A political entity
         | driven by political goals. With an outsized power to
         | reinterpret laws and rules to suit a certain group's political
         | goals.
         | 
         | It may have started with a certain role, but it is now a
         | political entity. I treat it as such.
        
         | kweingar wrote:
         | On constitutional issues, the Supreme Court is absolutely a
         | second version of Congress, except they're unelected and mostly
         | choose their successors.
         | 
         | It is a side-channel for lawyers and activists on all sides of
         | the political spectrum to achieve what they couldn't achieve in
         | the legislature.
         | 
         | Judicial review was a mistake.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | That's too complicated for most people. Although it does pain
         | me to see people using their energy so ineffectively.
         | 
         | Protester: "6 unelected officials can't decide what I can do!"
         | 
         | Supreme Court: "That's literally what we just said!"
         | 
         | If Congress punts issues around indefinitely for its own
         | political wheeling and dealing, it still cannot outsource a
         | decision on those issues to other branches of the federal
         | government. Whether thats to the executive branch or the
         | judicial branch. Not hard! Except more of your _elected_
         | representatives!
         | 
         | If consensus is _impossible_ then that 's the reality we live
         | in, the means won't be able to justify the ends, you have to
         | work within the consensus mechanism prescribed _on every
         | topic_.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | Congress giving the EPA which is staffed by domain experts
           | the ability to decide how much pollution is acceptable is a
           | good thing actually. Why should congressmen be expected to
           | figure that out?
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | And the court didn't rule that Congress can't do that, the
             | court ruled that Congress _didn 't_ do that. Congress can
             | absolutely go write a law giving the EPA that authority,
             | and they _should_. But if that 's not what the law says,
             | then that's not what the EPA can do.
             | 
             | We can't be opposed to police creatively interpreting laws
             | to target minorities and be okay with the EPA creatively
             | interpreting laws to target fossil fuel companies. Just
             | because the latter is in the service of a good cause
             | doesn't make it legal. The ends do _not_ justify the means
             | --down that way lies peril.
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | The police have decided that the best way to fight crime is
             | to track my phone and every text message at every time.
             | After all, they are the experts!
        
           | seoaeu wrote:
           | > Protester: "6 unelected officials can't decide what I can
           | do!"
           | 
           | > Supreme Court: "That's literally what we just said!"
           | 
           | Bullshit. The court was perfectly happy telling millions of
           | people they had no right to an abortion. They're just a bunch
           | of partisan hacks
        
             | jimmaswell wrote:
             | I'm fully pro-abortion but I have to admit Roe's legal
             | argument was a big stretch at best. Even RBG admitted so. I
             | wish they'd have left it alone but moreso I wish congress
             | made any attempt in 50 years to codify it into law.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't cross into flamewar like this. It's not what
             | this site is for, and it destroys what it is for.
             | 
             | Even in a divisive thread like this one, your comment here
             | stands out as breaking the site guidelines. Would you mind
             | reviewing them and sticking to the rules when posting here?
             | We'd be grateful.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | the_doctah wrote:
             | >The court was perfectly happy telling millions of people
             | they had no right to an abortion.
             | 
             | This is not what happened at all. They ruled against the
             | federal government's ability to regulate it.
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | No, wrong. Incorrect. Roe v Wade was explicitly a ruling
               | saying that abortion should be broadly allowed, and that
               | no government (neither state nor federal) can regulate it
               | (with caveats). Overturning Roe v Wade has given that
               | power back to the state government and to the federal
               | government.
               | 
               | None of this had anything to do with the federal
               | government regulating it. It was the court saying it was
               | a right not to be infringed upon.
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | Specifically, the Supreme Court took power from women and
               | gave it "back" to the government
        
               | the_doctah wrote:
               | >It was the court saying it was a right not to be
               | infringed upon.
               | 
               | Roe v Wade was ruled on the basis of the 14th amendment
               | due process clause regarding the right to privacy. Anyone
               | who thought this ruling was an iron-clad blanket right to
               | abortion was fooling themselves.
               | 
               | Abortion is not specifically enumerated in the
               | constitution. Just like everything else not in the
               | constitution, it's up to States to make their own laws
               | regarding it.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Dobbs effectively have full control to the states. Unless
               | the federal government can make a commerce clause
               | argument any law they make prohibiting/legalizing
               | abortion will be overturned due to the 10th amendment.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | That is the job of the Congress. They are derelict in their
             | duties. Even RGB said the decision was based on shaky
             | arguments.
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | that is a very popular perspective, which reinforces
             | exactly what I said about it being too complicated for
             | people.
             | 
             | Congress outsourced the decision to the judicial branch,
             | the judicial branch said its for the _elected_
             | representatives, aka Congress, to decide. Barring any
             | supremacy from Congress, state laws and the consensus
             | mechanisms of those states are the only laws available.
             | 
             | Congress outsourced emissions decision to the executive
             | branch, the judicial branch said its for the _elected_
             | representatives, aka Congress, to decide. Barring any
             | supremacy from Congress, state laws and the consensus
             | mechanisms of those states are the only laws available.
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | Again I call bullshit. There's no way in a million years
               | these same clowns would apply the same logic to gun
               | control. This is all just motivated reasoning because the
               | court wants to advance a conservative agenda
        
               | vwcx wrote:
               | Good point. It's interesting to think about this
               | outsourcing as a relief valve Congress uses. Feels like a
               | function of the monetary stakes for any decision are too
               | high. Even freshmen congressional reps are too soaked in
               | the financial implications of their own function that
               | they punt their appointed power to the judicial branch.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | We detached this comment from
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31933692.
        
           | peter422 wrote:
           | But then it's all very self-contradictory. How are people
           | supposed to have faith in the court when it makes a decision,
           | reaffirms it many times over nearly 50 years, then just
           | changes its mind on a dime?
           | 
           | The judicial branch has a responsibility to itself for self-
           | consistent reasoning, which it has completely abandoned this
           | term.
           | 
           | The court is not supposed to change dramatically with every
           | election, that's what the legislative branch does. And yet,
           | the court did.
           | 
           | It's legal of course, the court can do what it wants. But it
           | can (and has) lost approval and legitimacy, which at the end
           | of the day were it's most valuable currency.
        
             | scottLobster wrote:
             | It doesn't change dramatically with EVERY election, it just
             | changed dramatically with the last one due to a lot of
             | judges retiring/dying off at once. Just a generational
             | phenomenon.
             | 
             | SCOTUS leaned liberal (in the sense that liberal justices
             | tend to believe in larger-scope interpretations of
             | Constitution) for a long time, now for the first time in a
             | while they're leaning conservative (the Constitution says
             | what it says and if we want it to say something different
             | Congress should pass an amendment).
             | 
             | Honestly I find myself falling into the more Conservative
             | camp from a judicial perspective. I'm all for gay marriage
             | and a woman's right to choose, but I feel like we used
             | SCOTUS to do an end-run around Congress to get both at a
             | federal level, and from my layperson's reading the
             | constitutional justifications for both feel stretched to
             | me. In the same sense that you can use creative
             | interpretations of the Bible to justify basically anything,
             | you can do similar things with the Constitution. That isn't
             | how the system is supposed to work
        
               | peter422 wrote:
               | It doesn't matter what camp you fall into, or if you
               | think the courts decisions in the past were "wrong"
               | (though obviously there is no absolute right or wrong
               | interpreting how a 250 year old document interfaces with
               | modern society).
               | 
               | The court as an institution has a responsibility to
               | maintain some sort of consistency if it wants any
               | legitimacy.
               | 
               | How can people make decisions about where and how to live
               | if their fundamental rights are changing year to year
               | (and most recently being taken away)?
               | 
               | You are also not aligned with the current public opinion.
               | The court is at its lowest approval rating ever, and that
               | is before overturning Roe. If the court cannot maintain
               | it's appearance of legitimacy then it essentially fails
               | as an institution. The court could have chosen to move
               | more slowly, with more restraint, but it didn't.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | What part of this argument wouldn't apply to Plessy v.
               | Ferguson being overturned by Brown v. Board of Education?
        
               | scottLobster wrote:
               | The whole idea of the court is to be above public
               | opinion. This is not the first time in history that the
               | court has made sweeping overturns of previous precedent
               | that large swaths of voters disagreed with. It's also not
               | the first time the legitimacy of those rulings has been
               | challenged. Remember Eisenhower sending the 101st
               | Airborne and federalizing the Arkansas National Guard to
               | enforce integration? Or Kennedy doing similar for
               | Alabama? Those actions were enforcement of a
               | controversial SCOTUS ruling against the local public
               | opinion.
               | 
               | And you can say "yeah but racists were the bad guys", but
               | that's not how any of this works, regardless of what
               | narratives we decide to apply to history after the fact.
               | Did the court's lack of perceived legitimacy in
               | Birmingham or Little Rock (among many other places that
               | required less extreme enforcement) cause it to fail as an
               | institution?
               | 
               | The court only fails as an institution when it's
               | decisions are no longer enforced. Last I checked we
               | haven't reached that point yet. And even if we do, worth
               | remembering SCOTUS survived the last civil war intact.
        
               | peter422 wrote:
               | So your argument is because the court regained hard
               | earned approval in the past it is guaranteed to do so
               | again?
               | 
               | Or the court can function perpetually against the public
               | will?
        
               | frumper wrote:
               | His argument is that Congress should legislate these
               | issues either through proper laws or constitutional
               | amendments. Turns out 9 judges might disagree with the
               | previous set of 9 judges. That disagreement swings both
               | ways and in the absence of proper legislative action will
               | become the law of the land.
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | It is rare for the Supreme Court to act as a second
             | Congress. When it has, those are the cases that most likely
             | get overruled. Additionally, old cases with poor and
             | antiquated assumptions get overturned (not relevant here,
             | just showing a consistency in what is and can be expected
             | to be reviewed.)
             | 
             | Opposing sides of that court have said the exact same thing
             | about Roe v Wade. _Ruth Bader Ginsberg_ even said  "this is
             | pretty weak, going to need Congress here", no different
             | than Justice Alito on the opposite side.
             | 
             | I think your perspective is very common, I think it is
             | disingenuous for different people that should know better
             | to promote that perspective. There is so much the _elected_
             | representatives and the people can do. This crisis of
             | confidence perspective relies on nobody actually reading
             | these cases.
        
               | PuppyTailWags wrote:
               | Ruth Bader Ginsberg is most certainly not an extreme
               | comparable to Alito, lol.
               | 
               | The Supreme Court has acted as a second Congress for a
               | wide variety of things. This is how miranda rights
               | happened. This is how contraception was legalized. This
               | is how homosexuality was legalized. This is how race
               | integration was legalized. ETC.
        
               | zeroonetwothree wrote:
               | RBG argued that RvW was decided poorly but that doesn't
               | mean there isn't a constitutional right to abortion.
               | There are other sources that could be used for the right
               | than SDP.
        
         | CWuestefeld wrote:
         | Recent history shows us many examples of SCOTUS saying "the
         | Constitution doesn't let you do this", and people being up in
         | arms crying "but the thing you just struck down is necessary".
         | 
         | Folks: it's not within the Court's authority to decide what is
         | a good idea and what is a bad idea. Their sole job is to
         | interpret laws through the lens of the Constitution. The
         | justices may well agree with your wishes of what Congress
         | _could_ do, but they see that the current laws of our nation
         | won 't allow Congress to do it, or at least not in that way.
         | 
         | But even if you believe that a given law is good - that women
         | should have an inalienable right to an abortion, or that there
         | should be tight controls on who can carry a weapon, or whatever
         | - you've got to recognize that sometimes the Constitution does
         | not give the government the power to make that happen. In such
         | events, you can't claim that the Court is corrupt because the
         | justices won't recognize the important of what you value.
         | 
         | Rather, you have to recognize that it's become your moral duty
         | to alter the laws of the land to allow for what you seek. The
         | Constitution's Article V is there precisely for this reason.
         | Granted, it's a really high bar to clear, but there is a built-
         | in mechanism for fixing any such bugs that we find in the
         | Constitution.
        
           | vdnkh wrote:
           | You're ignoring the fact that there are several philosophies
           | behind constitutional interpretation, and that the dominant
           | philosophy which you list here ("sole job is to interpret
           | laws through the lens of the Constitution"), also called
           | Originalism, is a recent creation by Scalia.
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | This is a wonderful post and I hope it gets more visibility.
           | Really nailed it here.
        
           | jayd16 wrote:
           | How can you think it's not blatant politics when they lied
           | about their opinions in congressional hearings only to
           | overturn Roe once they had power. How can you think that is
           | in good faith?
           | 
           | To argue, "oh whoops you didn't _do the work_ to obtain your
           | _RIGHTS_ " is also simply a distraction. The US is founded on
           | the concept of unenumerated rights. Do _not_ be fooled. We
           | had those rights and now we don 't thanks to this new court.
        
             | CWuestefeld wrote:
             | Look at it the other way around: if the nominees are being
             | questioned about what their opinions are on specific
             | issues, the Congress has _already_ turned it into a
             | political match. The Congress ought to be trying to probe
             | for their qualifications as a justice, and I don 't think
             | that one's opinion on self defense or abortion figure
             | directly into that.
             | 
             | Further, I don't buy that you truly believed the argument
             | behind _Roe_ anyway. I don 't know you personally, but it's
             | a good bet that you don't support the philosophy that it
             | described. What _Roe_ said[1] was that a person can make
             | whatever[2] treatment they individual decide (in
             | consultation with their doctor) is most appropriate for
             | their circumstances.
             | 
             | But I'm betting that you don't actually agree with this, as
             | evidenced that you likely haven't pursued other violations
             | of it with such vehemence. So I ask you:
             | 
             | 1. Have you taken to the streets protesting when people,
             | after consulting with their doctor, have been forbidden the
             | right to use marijuana medicinally?
             | 
             | 2. Do you oppose the authority of the FDA to determine what
             | medications Americans should be allowed to use, such that
             | we should be able to use a pharmaceutical even if the FDA
             | says it's too dangerous, or not effective enough?
             | 
             | 3. Have you even argued against the authority of the
             | government to force individuals to take covid-19
             | vaccinations?
             | 
             | If you answer "no" to any of the above, then I assert that
             | your claims to believe in the argument behind _Roe_ is
             | false.
             | 
             | [1] Believe it or not, I actually support the philosophy of
             | bodily autonomy. But that doesn't change the fact that the
             | actual argument behind _Roe_ was a notably lousy one. This
             | is precisely the point I was trying to make in my original
             | comment: one 's opinions about the goodness of something
             | are independent of their judgment about the legality of
             | legislation under the Constitution.
             | 
             | [2] Actually, _Roe_ 's text limits itself to just
             | abortions, but it seems clear that such a principle ought
             | to apply to all medical treatments in principle - that's
             | why many of today's protests are framed more broadly as
             | "bodily autonomy".
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | Being forced to carry to term is a different
               | circumstance. As you say yourself, the text limits the
               | ruling to abortion which even today's court has ruled as
               | a unique circumstance. Women should have this right and
               | not the states. I truly believe that, but my opinions are
               | also a distraction...
               | 
               | The justices lied to congress and were always going to
               | overturn Roe. There's no higher judicial ground here.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > But even if you believe that a given law is good - that
           | women should have an inalienable right to an abortion, or
           | that there should be tight controls on who can carry a
           | weapon, or whatever - you've got to recognize that sometimes
           | the Constitution does not give the government the power to
           | make that happen.
           | 
           | It does, though, via the Ninth Amendment, which explicitly
           | notes that the Constitution is not an exhaustive listing of
           | the rights of American citizens.
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | As well as the "privileges and immunities" clause.
             | 
             | The whole point of these was to avoid unenumerated rights
             | being completely unprotected. The current court seems to
             | think only the 1st and 2nd amendment exist.
        
             | CWuestefeld wrote:
             | There's an argument to be made there, but it's most
             | certainly NOT "explicit". The 9th does say that there are
             | other rights, that's pretty much its whole point. But it
             | absolutely does not "explicitly" mention abortion or
             | anything else.
             | 
             | You also ignored my example of 2A, or the current
             | controversy (for which I haven't yet read the argument, but
             | I assume that the 10th Amendment plays into it in exactly
             | the same way you're arguing for the 9th).
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | It is _explicit_ in the Constitution that people have
               | rights not listed in it. Those unenumerated rights are,
               | by their nature, not listed, but I find it hard to credit
               | the idea that Americans don 't have a right to privacy.
               | 
               | > You also ignored my example of 2A
               | 
               | Sure, because everyone does. The number of people arguing
               | bans on personal ownership of nuclear arms are
               | unconstitutional is... small. Even
               | originalist/textualists seem to agree it's by no means
               | absolute.
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | > > You also ignored my example of 2A
               | 
               | > Sure, because everyone does.
               | 
               | I don't think this is a winning argument. The fact that
               | one argument - and one thought important enough to
               | enumerate _actually_ explicitly - is frequently ignored
               | doesn 't support the idea that another unenumerated one
               | exists, and quite possibly the opposite.
               | 
               | More specifically, most _Roe_ supporters have been
               | ignoring the  "bodily autonomy" philosophy all along, and
               | more recently even going directly against it. It would
               | seem that it's no more absolute than you believe 2A to
               | be.
               | 
               | As I wrote elsewhere in this thread:
               | 
               | 1. Have you taken to the streets protesting when people,
               | even after consulting with their doctor, have been
               | forbidden the right to use marijuana medicinally?
               | 
               | 2. Do you oppose the authority of the FDA to determine
               | what medications Americans should be allowed to use, such
               | that we should be able to use a pharmaceutical even if
               | the FDA says it's too dangerous, or not effective enough?
               | 
               | 3. Have you even argued against the authority of the
               | government to force individuals to take covid-19
               | vaccinations?
               | 
               | If you answer "no" to any of the above, then I assert
               | that your claims to believe in the "bodily autonomy"
               | argument behind _Roe_ is false.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Roe doesn't claim bodily autonomy, nor have I in this
               | comments thread. Where are you getting that idea?
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | _Roe_ talks about this in terms of  "privacy", saying
               | that a woman in consultation with her doctor has the
               | right to determine what's the best course of treatment;
               | the government doesn't have the authority to take
               | abortion off the table.
               | 
               | So, how does the government get the authority to take
               | marijuana off the table? How do they get the authority to
               | take any other treatment off the table? And how do they
               | have the authority to say that vaccination is the only
               | acceptable course when covid-19 is rampant?
               | 
               | This all seems to be the same argument, so why don't I
               | hear very many Roe supporters arguing for the freedoms I
               | referenced above, or at least providing answers to my
               | questions? What's the principled line of philosophy that
               | supports a freedom to abortion without also recognizing a
               | right to medicinal marijuana or passing up a covid-19
               | show (when either is done under doctor supervision)?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > Roe talks about this in terms of "privacy", saying that
               | a woman in consultation with her doctor has the right to
               | determine what's the best course of treatment; the
               | government doesn't have the authority to take abortion
               | off the table.
               | 
               | Roe also makes it quite clear it's not absolute:
               | 
               | "A State may properly assert important interests in
               | safeguarding health, maintaining medical standards, and
               | in protecting potential life. At some point in pregnancy,
               | these respective interests become sufficiently compelling
               | to sustain regulation of the factors that govern the
               | abortion decision. ... We, therefore, conclude that the
               | right of personal privacy includes the abortion decision,
               | but that this right is not unqualified and must be
               | considered against important state interests in
               | regulation."
               | 
               | > So, how does the government get the authority to take
               | marijuana off the table?
               | 
               | For the same reason as Roe highlights above; that the
               | right to privacy is not absolute. I think you'll find the
               | leftist position on marijuana is fairly similar to the
               | leftist position on abortion, though.
               | 
               | > And how do they have the authority to say that
               | vaccination is the only acceptable course when covid-19
               | is rampant?
               | 
               | They don't, and they haven't.
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | _I think you 'll find the leftist position on marijuana
               | is fairly similar to the leftist position on abortion,
               | though._
               | 
               | I think that's true directionally, but not
               | quantitatively. I haven't seen riots about marijuana, or
               | claims that SCOTUS is corrupt.
               | 
               | And although I can't say this about any particular
               | individual, I think that statistically, the left position
               | regarding covid-19 vaccinations seems to be contrary to
               | the "bodily autonomy" philosophy. Admittedly, there may
               | be differences in scale of risk that lead to this
               | difference. But the rhetoric we're hearing today seems to
               | frame abortion rights as an absolute with no room for
               | such finesse. And I think it is on them to explain how to
               | draw that line.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > I haven't seen riots about marijuana...
               | 
               | So? "You can only say it's a right if you riot about it"
               | is a weird position to take.
               | 
               | > And although I can't say this about any particular
               | individual, I think that statistically, the left position
               | regarding covid-19 vaccinations seems to be contrary to
               | the "bodily autonomy" philosophy.
               | 
               | I don't know what you think the leftist position is on
               | this, but no state nor the Federal government has even
               | hinted at the idea of a universal vaccination requirement
               | for COVID-19.
               | 
               | Virtually all states require quite a few vaccinations -
               | measles, mumps, rubella, etc. - in public schools. Once
               | again, Roe doesn't rely on "bodily autonomy", and any
               | such right is very clearly not absolute (as Roe itself
               | makes clear about privacy). My autonomy to swing a knife
               | around ends when it hits your face.
               | 
               | Thought experiment: Do we have a right to poop? Can
               | Congress forbid me from pooping? How would SCOTUS rule on
               | a law banning bowel movements?
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | > "You can only say it's a right if you riot about it" is
               | a weird position to take.
               | 
               | A month ago, governmental violations of bodily autonomy
               | were ignored, or grumbled about at most. If you want me
               | to believe that this change is qualitatively different,
               | you need to explain that, or else I'm going to put both
               | violations in the same bucket.
               | 
               | > no state nor the Federal government has even hinted at
               | the idea of a universal vaccination requirement for
               | COVID-19
               | 
               | First, regardless of what they've actually tried to do,
               | there has been a lot of talk about how they should. Such
               | talk comes pretty much exclusively from the same group of
               | people who think that overturning _Roe_ is an apocalypse.
               | 
               | Second, they most certainly have tried to force
               | vaccination as much as they could get away with. That
               | wasn't by a law saying "get vaccinated or go to jail".
               | That was a backdoor coercive thing where the gov't tried
               | to say "if you want to do business with the gov't then
               | all your employees must be vaccinated (leading to
               | employees getting fired)", in conjunction with the fact
               | that the government is already so damned big that they
               | can be the 800lb gorilla in purchasing as a backdoor
               | alternative to legislation. And while this was going on,
               | people who I'm very sure support _Roe_ were nodding their
               | heads saying it 's the right thing to do. Again, there
               | may be a principled argument for treating this
               | differently. But I think it's incumbent on the _Roe_
               | protesters to explain what that principle is, or they
               | appear to be unprincipled hypocrites.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > But I think it's incumbent on the Roe protesters to
               | explain what that principle is, or they appear to be
               | unprincipled hypocrites.
               | 
               | I'll take a stab at one potential explanation.
               | 
               | Pregnancy isn't infectious; you will not get pregnant by
               | sitting next to a pregnant woman on the bus. Rights
               | become more complicated when they impact others.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | FWIW when it comes to the argument of bodily autonomy in
               | regards to covid vaccinations, you're still free to not
               | get a covid vaccine. The government isn't marching into
               | your house with armed men injecting you with covid
               | vaccines. Making vaccine standards for things like public
               | schools (which you can still choose to homeschool or send
               | to private schools) is not the same as the government
               | forcing you to get a vaccine.
               | 
               | When it comes to marijuana, it can be more difficult to
               | get past _Wickard_ and _Heart of Atlanta Motel_ when it
               | relates to things like commodities sold on near
               | international markets. Abortion services are often way
               | more local of a law, far more difficult to argue
               | interstate commerce.
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | _when it comes to the argument of bodily autonomy in
               | regards to covid vaccinations, you 're still free to not
               | get a covid vaccine._
               | 
               | I think you're making it sound more black-and-white than
               | it really was. It's true that they weren't talking about
               | coming into your house and holding you down. But they did
               | try to make it as close to "you can't get a job to earn
               | money to buy food" as they could. Pres Biden did issue an
               | EO saying that anybody doing business with the federal
               | government, and anybody in their supply chain, must
               | ensure that their employees are vaccinated. Given the
               | enormous size of the federal government, this covers a
               | huge proportion of the country. (the courts did throw
               | this out, but not before they'd coerced a lot of people
               | to go against their own conscience)
               | 
               | Further, that's as far as the politicians and regulators
               | were able to go. I seem to recall talk in some locales
               | (NYC?) talking about wanting to implement vaccine
               | passports, with which local businesses would deny entry
               | to unvaccinated people, so you can't even go to the
               | grocery store to buy food.
               | 
               | And, of course, my main point was about what the masses
               | were arguing for. I don't think you could seriously deny
               | that a sizable faction of people were arguing that the
               | government SHOULD do all of the above. And that's exactly
               | what I'm saying: people are claiming to back the idea of
               | "bodily autonomy", but for a whole lot of them, their
               | actions demonstrate that this is much less a fundamental
               | inalienable right than they're willing to admit today.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Bodily autonomy, right? Like, the right to not to get
               | infected by a communicable disease in which there _are_
               | preventative measures out there?
               | 
               | A pregnant woman the next desk over to you doesn't have
               | any effect on your body. A person infected with covid the
               | next desk over does. You do understand how pregnancy
               | works, right?
               | 
               | I imagine most would agree I have bodily autonomy to move
               | my arms. I can't then swing my arms and beat someone to
               | death, right? Your right to swing your arms ends just
               | where the other man's nose begins.
               | 
               | You have all the right you want to not get vaccinated so
               | long as your action doesn't impact everyone else around
               | you. Feel free to go live in the woods with everyone else
               | who doesn't interact with the rest of society. Nobody is
               | going to come by and say you need to get vaccinated, just
               | that there are a lot of benefits to being a member of
               | society if you choose to do so.
        
           | shrimpx wrote:
           | That works in principle but not in practice. The core issue
           | in roe v wade was tossing out precedent while failing to show
           | reasoning why tossing out precedent should be ok. So now the
           | court seems to be chaotic. Whatever the makeup of the court,
           | they may toss out precedent that doesn't match the current
           | majority's interpretation of the constitution (of which there
           | are many). Then suppose the scotus becomes a liberal
           | majority. Then they may reinstate all the tossed out
           | precedents. That's just chaos, with the main focus becoming
           | which party chooses justices, not any reasonable continuity
           | and coherence of constitutional law.
        
             | CWuestefeld wrote:
             | I agree with your concerns about thrashing. I think that
             | the fact that justices aren't elected politically, together
             | with their typical lengthy tenure, is intended to buffer
             | against that. But as politics becomes more polarized,
             | perhaps the buffer doesn't serve as well anymore.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | on the other hand, there have been confrontations with the
         | judicial branch Supreme Court and others in the past, just not
         | seriously in living memory. I was surprised to find in
         | Wikipedia a discussion of changing the number of judges in the
         | pre-WWII era also ("court packing").
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | This right here. Taking a single US Govt elective was an eye
         | opening experience for me.
         | 
         | People also need to try and understand that not every issue is
         | a federal issue. There are also 50 state governments.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I'm hopeful they will visit AUMF at some point and revert back
         | to having the Congress have to explicitly authorize war and
         | also not redefine things as near-war but not war. Deploying
         | troops in active conflicts = war.
        
         | davidw wrote:
         | I'm old enough to remember when I could grudgingly accept that
         | there was some wisdom in decisions I disagreed with, even if
         | perhaps not enough to sway me. But I could see something argued
         | intelligently.
         | 
         | This is just nakedly partisan stuff going on. I think viewing
         | it through that lens - "we're going to do what we want because
         | it fits our politics" - makes the most sense.
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | > This is just nakedly partisan stuff going on.
           | 
           | The problem is much of the left's gains over the last few
           | decades have been based on shaky legal/constitutional ground.
           | Even leftist judges like Ginsberg admitted that, and they
           | were counting on the mistakes being in place for too long to
           | correct (precedent).
           | 
           | Now all that technical debt is coming back to kick our ass.
           | 
           | This isn't the end of the world though, Congress can fix
           | everything that's happened in the last few weeks via proper
           | laws.
        
             | jayd16 wrote:
             | >Congress can fix everything that's happened in the last
             | few weeks via proper laws.
             | 
             | If you don't think they'll call any regulation (or
             | enumeration of rights) they don't like unconstitutional, I
             | don't know what to tell you.
        
             | krolden wrote:
             | Stop saying g 'the left'. There is no 'the left' in us
             | politics.
             | 
             | >This isn't the end of the world though, Congress can fix
             | everything that's happened in the last few weeks via proper
             | laws.
             | 
             | No, this us pretty much what the end of the world looks
             | like.
        
               | gsibble wrote:
               | No it isn't. Stop exaggerating.
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | By the standards of the Soviet Union, both US political
               | parties are extremely far right; by the standards of
               | Pharaonic Egypt, they're incomprehensibly far left. Whose
               | standards for center are you using? The objective
               | standard? Are you sure that exists? Are you sure you're
               | not just taking your own personal beliefs about what
               | seems reasonable, declaring the middle of that the
               | objectively correct center, and then getting angry when
               | the real Overton Window isn't centered around that point?
               | People act as if you should just be able to take the
               | leftmost thing imaginable, the rightmost thing
               | imaginable, draw a line between them, find the middle,
               | and then get angry if both US parties are on the same
               | side of that line. But maybe they have poor imaginations.
               | The leftmost thing I can imagine is an insectoid hive-
               | mind; the rightmost thing I can imagine is a rapidly
               | expanding cloud of profit-maximizing nanobots. Are we
               | sure that a line drawn exactly midway between those two
               | things lands on Joe Biden? What if it lands on anarcho-
               | capitalism? Does that mean every existing human is left-
               | wing?
               | 
               | Taken as a relative claim, it at least could make sense.
               | But relative to what?
               | 
               | Relative to the US? False; both parties usually get about
               | half of the vote, suggesting one is to the right of the
               | median American, and the other to their left. You can
               | probably argue that the Republican Party's structural
               | advantages cause both parties to be a little to the right
               | of where they'd be without them, or that Americans'
               | ignorance of party platforms means you can smuggle a few
               | points in that are slightly more extreme than what they'd
               | endorse, but it's going to be a small effect.
               | 
               | - https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/against-there-
               | are-two-...
        
             | wistlo wrote:
             | By this reasoning, women voting and eliminating the 3/5
             | coefficient for certain people are on "shaky constitutional
             | ground."
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | No they aren't, because of the Equal Protection Clause.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | > much of the left's gains over the last few decades have
             | been based on shaky legal/constitutional ground.
             | 
             | As opposed to shaky electoral/gerrymandering grounds
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | > This isn't the end of the world though, Congress can fix
             | everything that's happened in the last few weeks via proper
             | laws.
             | 
             | Proper laws are no match for calvinball rulings.
        
               | usrn wrote:
               | This is very much the opposite of calvinaball. The rules
               | are in the constitution and that hasn't changed in quite
               | a while.
               | 
               | EDIT: RE: no right to poop(sic) in the constitution
               | 
               | It's a list of things the government _may not_ do, not a
               | list of things you may do. Try reading it, it 's very
               | short. I would imagine the court would rule a law against
               | that would violate the right to life.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | Curious then that it took until 2008 to find an
               | individual right to gun ownership in the constitution
               | then, no?
        
               | usrn wrote:
               | That rule has been there since the beginning even if you
               | don't acknowledge it.
               | 
               | EDIT: It didn't need to be acknowledged because there
               | wasn't a strong push to disarm the population until
               | fairly recently.
               | 
               | EDIT2: It looks to me like they only really go back to
               | just after the civil war, largely to keep African
               | Americans from carrying firearms. The first attempt by
               | the Federal Government to ban them was in the mid 20th
               | century which was exactly what I expected.
               | 
               | EDIT3: James Madison tried _and failed_ to pass the
               | legislation (presumably because it was unpopular), at the
               | state level (not federal level) and _it didn 't prevent
               | people from owning guns_ just carrying them in public.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | But isn't it strange that it was there in the beginning
               | and no one acknowledged it for about two centuries?
               | 
               | EDIT for your edit: Huh? When I was a kid in Texas way
               | back in the 90's, it was illegal to carry a gun period.
               | You could take them out hunting or to the range or
               | whatnot, but carrying a gun was illegal. The first
               | concealed handgun law was 1995 if memory serves. Carry
               | bans go back to the colonial era.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | James Madison, the author of the 2nd amendment, tried to
               | pass gun control legislation:
               | 
               | https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/06/26/conserv
               | ati...
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > The rules are in the constitution
               | 
               | The Ninth Amendment basically says "this isn't a list of
               | all the rules".
               | 
               | There's no right to poop in the Constitution. Do we have
               | one? If Congress banned pooping, how would the court
               | rule?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > It's a list of things the government may not do, not a
               | list of things you may do.
               | 
               | And yet, they saw fit to include the Ninth Amendment, so
               | some nincompoop wouldn't go "there's no right to
               | privacy!"
               | 
               | > I would imagine the court would rule a law against that
               | would violate the right to life.
               | 
               | The wording is "nor shall any state deprive any person of
               | life, liberty, or property, _without due process of law_
               | "; what happens if pooping is made a capital crime?
               | 
               | Why is banning abortion, marijuana, and whatnot not a
               | similar violation of the "liberty" part of the same
               | clause?
               | 
               | (and what's with this edit-to-reply thing you've got
               | going?)
        
             | unsui wrote:
             | > Congress can fix everything that's happened in the last
             | few weeks via proper laws.
             | 
             | Can it?
             | 
             | In principle, sure, anything can happen.
             | 
             | In practice, given how it's not possible to pass any
             | legislation without a filibuster-proof majority?
             | 
             | As others have commented in this and related threads, this
             | is a win for industry precisely because congress CAN'T do
             | anything in practice, given the reakpolitk of how congress
             | actually "works" today.
             | 
             | I wish folks would stop saying "well, it should just go
             | back to the spec, problem solved". This isn't code. This is
             | the convoluted and complex world of political reality,
             | where, unfortunately, might does often mean right. And more
             | often than not, addressing the root cause isn't even
             | possible, much less practical.
             | 
             | If anything, it's the current supreme court that is taking
             | a binary view of legal interpretation and have "fixed the
             | glitch". Glitches which in reality are patches which have
             | been added organically over time to address changes to the
             | underlying OS, new and unheard of use cases, changing specs
             | and requirements, etc.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, a full rewrite often requires systemic
             | overhall and reboot (something I would hope people are
             | averse to doing in practice)
        
             | Sporktacular wrote:
             | "This isn't the end of the world though, Congress can fix
             | everything that's happened in the last few weeks via proper
             | laws."
             | 
             | Dream on. You're trolling right?
        
             | cmurf wrote:
             | Not everything.
             | 
             | It's abundantly clear from the Dobbs majority opinion they
             | will not accept a Roe statue from Congress, that they would
             | overturn it on 10th amendment grounds. It's not an express
             | power Congress has, thus it's strictly up to states. Since
             | they also stated in Dobbs they'd use rational basis
             | scrutiny, the lowest scrutiny possible, when judging state
             | laws on abortion restrictions, I expect they will accept
             | state laws that:
             | 
             | * define moment of conception as murder
             | 
             | * fetus as citizen in fact, meaning out of state abortions
             | are also subject to murder charges
             | 
             | * high burden of proof on women, low burden of proof for
             | the state, that a miscarriage rather than abortion occurred
             | 
             | * hold abortion-is-legal states to article 4, section 1
             | "full faith and credit", i.e. civil fines and extradition
             | for persons fleeing judgements in abortion-is-not-legal
             | states
             | 
             | * hold companies paying for abortion procedures and travel
             | as party to a crime
             | 
             | The Court is lost for a generation, short of expanding the
             | Court. There is no chance 3/4 of the states will ratify a
             | constitutional amendment on this issue. And there's a lot
             | more litigation to come.
             | 
             | And should it come to the Court, I expect they will set
             | aside Griswold, Lawrence, Obergefell using the same logic -
             | it's not a federal power. How they could possible not
             | reverse Loving, I'm not sure, except that likely no state
             | is as yet backward enough to try and making interracial
             | marriage illegal once again.
             | 
             | I think there is merit in the argument that we've been
             | asking the Court to be expedient, while then not doing the
             | dirty work of putting these rights in constitutional
             | amendments. Instead we're kicking the can down the road,
             | but then we are also avoiding a lot of public contention
             | arguing about it - for good and probably not for good to
             | some degree. But look at the polling. Most Americans now
             | disapprove of the judiciary nearly as much as Congress.
             | With all three branches of government at historic low
             | approval, it is very damaging to representative democracy
             | that this has happened, not least of which is that an
             | unpopularly elected president put these three justices on
             | the Court who lied under oath that these cases are "settled
             | law", and yet just deeply unsettled one of them.
        
             | matthewdgreen wrote:
             | Reminder: decisions like Roe v. Wade (and many others in
             | the era before this court) weren't passed by "the left" in
             | a political sense. For example: five of the seven-justice
             | majority in Roe were Republican appointees.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Lewis Powell voted for it (apparently one of his
               | secretaries died from a illegal abortion) and also wrote
               | the Powell memo:
               | 
               | https://www.thwink.org/sustain/articles/017_PowellMemo/
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Roe v. Wade was decided in 1971. That's not too soon
               | after the great realignment from the election of 1964.
               | Some of those Republican appointments like Brennan and
               | Stewart happened well before the realignment. And even
               | then, the author of the opinion was written by Blackmun
               | who was appointed by Nixon. Nixon, the guy who brought us
               | the EPA and many other things the modern Republican party
               | likes to hate. Meanwhile one of the dissents to Roe was
               | written by White who was appointed by JFK.
               | 
               | The parties of 1971 were both very different compared to
               | today. You can't assume that someone active in the party
               | in 1956 (Brennan) holds the same values as what's talked
               | about on OAN today.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > Congress can fix everything that's happened in the last
             | few weeks via proper laws.
             | 
             | SCOTUS deliberately kneecapped the Voting Rights Act quite
             | a bit in recent years. For example:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelby_County_v._Holder
             | 
             | Legislation isn't much protection from a nakedly partisan
             | Court.
        
             | chronotis wrote:
             | In this new climate, it will take more than laws.
             | Permanence will require constitutional amendments (which is
             | actually how most things get rooted at the state level, the
             | state constitutions change pretty regularly).
        
               | barelysapient wrote:
               | Exactly this. And by putting this off, we've avoided the
               | hard work to get the laws we deserve. After all, if the
               | courts can just wave a wand and make something a `right`,
               | who cares who you vote for or if you even vote at all?
               | 
               | I think the temporary pain will be worth it in the long
               | run as we do the hard work to pass the laws the majority
               | agrees will improve the environment, human rights, and so
               | on.
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | Which is ironic since FDR most of the Court decisions were
           | nakedly partisan in the other direction, massively expanding
           | the power and scope of the federal government well beyond
           | would should be constitutionally allowable
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | Let's have some consistency at least. Bring back both Roe
             | and Lochner.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | I want them to keep going, go all the way back to the one
               | that started it all, Wickard
               | 
               | Reverse Wickard, and put the Federal Government back in
               | its narrow scope
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | These days I'm looking for them to roll back Marbury vs
               | Madison.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | Highly disagree. All of the recent decisions make perfect
           | legal sense, this coming from the son of a Constitutional
           | attorney who has described to me the rulings, reasons behind
           | them, precedents, etc.. And he's a pro-choice, anti-gun
           | Democrat. He still agrees with the legal decisions. I read
           | the rulings myself too and they make total sense given what
           | I've learned over decades of listening to him.
        
             | Victerius wrote:
             | > I read the rulings myself too
             | 
             | [X] Doubt
        
               | gsibble wrote:
               | You can doubt all you want, I read the rules,
               | concurrences, and dissents on most SC decisions. The
               | media doesn't really report the facts on them so I prefer
               | to get them right from the source.
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | They're pretty much at the point of flat out lying about
             | things, like the prayer case. Sotomayor, in her dissent,
             | included actual photographs of the coach huddling/praying
             | with the whole team, which is quite coercive behavior. It
             | wasn't a 'quiet prayer'.
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/cristianafarias/status/1541427338826629
             | 1...
        
             | waffleiron wrote:
             | I think the dissenting opinion on this one makes a lot of
             | sense. Even so, making legal sense doesn't mean they are
             | not biased, seeing as the court decides which cases to rule
             | on, and which ones to ignore.
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | It is impossible to keep partisanship out of the court, so it
         | is a lot like a second version of Congress.
        
           | JohnHaugeland wrote:
           | We managed for hundreds of years.
        
             | Miner49er wrote:
             | Not everyone thinks so:
             | https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/04/03/the-
             | suprem...
        
             | mynegation wrote:
             | "We managed it for 900 years" someone in the Roman Empire
             | circa 394 AD.
        
             | luma wrote:
             | Yet somehow we also managed to appoint SC judges without
             | the senate stalling nominations to prevent the president
             | from being able to appoint them.
             | 
             | Let's not pretend that the current situation represents
             | anything like "normal", and further, that we don't all
             | recognize that bad-faith actions by the Republican party
             | are responsible.
        
               | JohnHaugeland wrote:
               | > Yet somehow we also managed to appoint SC judges
               | without the senate stalling nominations to prevent the
               | president from being able to appoint them.
               | 
               | Yeah, that's because change happened.
               | 
               | Pretending that something can't be done because it worked
               | for hundreds of years and then something bad happened
               | isn't actually very correct.
        
             | colinmhayes wrote:
             | And the internet has changed everything. What used to be
             | possible no longer is
        
               | JohnHaugeland wrote:
               | No evidence supports this.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | No evidence supports the internet causing hyper
               | partisanship or no evidence supports hyper partisanship
               | infecting the Supreme Court?
        
             | thesiniot wrote:
             | That was before the Senate hijacked the normal nomination
             | process in 2016.
             | 
             | The court has been an illegitimate and partisan body ever
             | since Garland's seat was denied.
        
               | ohCh6zos wrote:
               | The process was hijacked long before 2016. See "Borking".
        
               | JohnHaugeland wrote:
               | > That was before the Senate hijacked the normal
               | nomination process in 2016.
               | 
               | Yes, it was. What's your point?
               | 
               | Parent poster claimed that a non-political Supreme Court
               | isn't possible, and in reality, the Supreme Court has
               | been essentially completely non-political for all but
               | about 22 years of its existence
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | No, that process was broken in 2001 - and temporarily
               | restated wit the gang of 14 - see
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gang_of_14
               | 
               | It's a much bigger problem then just this.
        
             | SilasX wrote:
             | The first hundred had a deadly civil war.
        
             | bandyaboot wrote:
             | Right up until we didn't.
        
             | thomascgalvin wrote:
             | Mitch McConnell broke the Senate, and through that, the
             | Judiciary.
        
               | Bhilai wrote:
               | Yes and the recent stuff with the wife of a SCOTUS
               | justice involved in conspiracy to overturn an election is
               | definitely a sign of hyper partisanship.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | This is the problem with partisanship.
               | 
               | Blockade of judges started in 2001, when Democrats
               | declared Bush illigetimate, and decided that no judges
               | would be selected. Republicans threatened the "nuclear
               | option" (removing fillibusters). The "Gang of 14" in 2005
               | wrote ideological ground rules and approved a set number
               | of judges to keep the nuclear option from being used.
               | 
               | Obama came to office, and the Democrats used the nuclear
               | option - despite the gang of 14 framework, but then said
               | that it doesn't apply to supreme court ballots.
               | Republicans came in and decided that yes, it did apply.
               | 
               | We've been destroying our own government with crap like
               | this for the last 20 years.
               | 
               | Partisanship is a hell of a drug.
        
           | rabuse wrote:
           | The constitution isn't partisan though.
        
             | Miner49er wrote:
             | How it is interpreted is.
        
               | teakettle42 wrote:
               | Which is why "textualism" is the only appropriate
               | interpretation an unelected court should be using.
               | 
               | It's not their job to write laws or advance policy, it's
               | their job to enforce the constitution as written.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Textualism is just one of many excuses to rule the way
               | you want to, as it leaves an immense amount of leeway to
               | interpret.
               | 
               | A textualist reading of the First Amendment would permit
               | the President to infringe free speech/religion/press etc.
               | rights, as it says "Congress", and the "no law" bit would
               | texutally forbid things like banning human sacrifice in
               | religious ceremonies.
               | 
               | Textualists always find an out when they need one.
        
               | jdasdf wrote:
               | Did you actually read the constitution end to end? It's
               | not that big, and if you had you would have see that such
               | things you propose aren't in line with the text
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | A textualist reading of the First Amendment doesn't
               | permit banning human sacrifice in religious ceremonies.
               | 
               | A textualist reading of the Second Amendment doesn't
               | permit banning of personally owned nuclear arms.
               | 
               | Textualists don't seem too interested in overruling the
               | relevant unconstitutional laws in these cases.
               | 
               | (Yes, I've read it. It's vague - deliberately, I'd argue
               | - in spots, like in defining "general welfare", and some
               | folks like to pretend things like the Ninth Amendment
               | don't exist at all.)
        
               | teakettle42 wrote:
               | Do you have a better suggestion that's less partisan and
               | less prone to abuse?
               | 
               | Humans will always bring bias, but I can't think of
               | anything better than "interpret as it was plainly written
               | and would have been understood by the people who wrote it
               | at the time".
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | _Interpreting_ how it would have been understood at the
               | time is quite subjective; how do we _interpret_ how the
               | Founding Fathers would 've considered semi-automatic
               | rifles or Facebook to fall in First/Second Amendment
               | jurisprudence, or how far you can push the General
               | Welfare Clause? The Founding Fathers themselves often
               | disagreed on such things.
               | 
               | > Do you have a better suggestion that's less partisan
               | and less prone to abuse?
               | 
               | I'm of the opinion that textualism, in actual practice,
               | is a highly partisan and heavily abused concept intended
               | to be a thin veil over "I rule the way I want". I prefer
               | the concept of a living Constitution; per Jefferson:
               | 
               | > I am not an advocate for frequent changes in laws and
               | constitutions, but laws and institutions must go hand in
               | hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes
               | more developed, more enlightened, as new discoveries are
               | made, new truths disclosed, and manners and opinions
               | change with the change of circumstances, institutions
               | must advance also, and keep pace with the times. We might
               | as well require a man to wear still the coat which fitted
               | him when a boy, as civilized society to remain ever under
               | the regimen of their barbarous ancestors.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Textualism/Originalism is just cover for the SCOTUS to
               | rule based on what they want, not the intent of the law.
        
             | solarpunk wrote:
             | They made booze illegal using it lmao
        
             | nhinck wrote:
             | Even if that was true, which it isn't, the interpretation
             | of the constitution undeniably is.
        
               | rabuse wrote:
               | Which is why federal government was designed to be
               | extremely limited with the founding of the nation. Want
               | change? Pass laws through congress.
        
               | corrral wrote:
               | We can't because our system of government is broken. If
               | the courts are going to stick to stricter interpretations
               | of the constitution, the US is more likely to rapidly
               | decline or fall apart completely than to fix its problems
               | via legislation. We have _only_ limped along this far
               | because the courts have been lenient on that since our
               | ~3rd major reformulation of our government (FDR). Our
               | system of government _cannot_ support a modern developed-
               | world (go easy on me, citizens of other OECD states--we
               | 're _kinda_ developed, anyway) state, without that
               | leniency. The only hope is that monied interests will
               | step in and force a fix because their money 's threatened
               | --we've got issues with 70+% support from the public that
               | can't get any traction in the legislature, so clearly
               | "lots of people want it" isn't enough (see again: our
               | system of government is broken) so we have to hope rich
               | people's interests align with ours, or nothing will be
               | fixed. Given modern stateless capital and that so many
               | rich Americans seem to have been working on a comfortable
               | escape route from the US in the last few years, I'm not
               | optimistic.
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | But its interpretations are.
        
             | azemetre wrote:
             | Parts of the constitution were literally written to appease
             | slave owners. How is that not partisan?
        
         | kergonath wrote:
         | In the end, they still accept or reject laws, with no
         | accountability whatsoever. The supreme court's decisions _are_
         | laws, for all intent and purposes, and have just as much weight
         | as what Congress writes.
         | 
         | The incestuous relationship between the judiciary and the
         | legislative branch in common law systems is very problematic
         | and does not allow true separation of powers. Like so much in
         | our democratic governments, this works as long as most
         | participants behave in good faith, but breaks down when some do
         | not.
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | > instead of treating it like a second version of Congress.
         | 
         | what do you mean specifically?
        
           | gedy wrote:
           | Not the OP, but many folks treat the SCOTUS as divided into
           | the red and blue teams, and that they have to vote like
           | whatever party would, vs an independent check on the other
           | two branches of gov't.
        
           | DantesKite wrote:
           | The Supreme Court does not create laws. Congress does. The
           | Supreme Court interprets those laws, making sure they do not
           | violate the Constitution.
           | 
           | The Supreme Court is like a compiler simply running the
           | instructions it's been told. It doesn't have any input over
           | what's written.
           | 
           | Historically, people have used the Supreme Court to create
           | laws, circumventing the voting process and giving 9 people
           | oligarch-like power. This is not ideal.
           | 
           | There's also the general expectation the Supreme Court should
           | do what's "right" which again, isn't a relevant metric for
           | judging whether something is constitutional. The Supreme
           | Court at its best is an amoral, apolitical institution.
        
           | forgetfulness wrote:
           | The SCOTUS is a political battleground where Federal laws can
           | be passed as jurisprudence on the interpretation of the US
           | Constitution, circumventing the legislative process.
           | 
           | Instead of laws on reproductive rights, you had a ruling even
           | detailing the time frames in which abortion was legal.
           | 
           | Instead of legalizing gay marriage, you have a ruling on the
           | federal recognition of licenses issued in individual states.
           | 
           | Instead of a law on lobbying, you have a ruling saying that
           | monetary contributions to campaigns are the free speech of
           | lobbying groups.
           | 
           | Instead of an organic law on weapons permits, you have a
           | ruling saying what kinds of firearm regulations states can
           | pass.
           | 
           | But people can't say this politicization of the SCOTUS is
           | new; back when the hot topic were worker rights, in the early
           | XX century, those were the battles being fought there, to
           | skip Congressional debates:
           | 
           | https://reason.com/2021/12/02/the-laissez-faire-origins-
           | of-t...
        
             | andrekandre wrote:
             | great answer thanks
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | The way in which judges are brought to the bench in America and
         | subsequently to SCOTUS is political. While it isn't Congress it
         | isn't as independent as many people previously portrayed it.
        
           | coredog64 wrote:
           | I wonder if there's a change within living memory that has
           | caused that _cough_ Bork _cough_
           | 
           | Snark aside, there's a reasonable case to be made that
           | Congress has been increasingly treating the judiciary as a
           | super-legislature. Far easier to avoid the work of compromise
           | etc. when you can punt it to the USSC. Whether that's pure
           | laziness or something structural based on a reduction of
           | overall party power is up for discussion.
        
           | CWuestefeld wrote:
           | As far as I can tell, the nonsense with Court appointments
           | began back in the 80s, with the campaign against Reagan's
           | nominee Robert Bork. Since then there's been a gradually
           | ramping escalation of hostility from both sides. The GOP had
           | to pay back the DEMs for the Bork thing, the DEMs try to
           | smear Thomas, vetting of nominees is held up, then entirely
           | withheld until the President leaves office, and so forth.
           | 
           | The politicization of the Court is a completely bipartisan
           | affair going back 4 decades at least.
           | 
           | We might even say it goes back 8 decades, to FDR's threats to
           | pack the court (see "a switch in time saves nine").
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | It's not as if Bork was first. Haynsworth and Carswell were
             | rejected by democrats for political reasons (leading to
             | Blackmun being confirmed). Abe Fortas was rejected as Chief
             | Justice by republicans.
             | 
             | And we can find many earlier examples as well.
        
             | generj wrote:
             | Bork's appointment problems stem from Reagan's essentially
             | rewarding him for obstructing impeachment of Nixon.
             | 
             | I've never understood why the Democrats are painted as the
             | bad guys interfering in a non-partisan appointment of Bork.
             | Nominating Bork was an insane act.
        
         | mberning wrote:
         | Absolutely correct. There is a process for writing laws. There
         | is a process for amending the constitution. But instead of
         | building a broad coalition to go and do these things they would
         | rather roll the dice with the judiciary. And when they lose try
         | to change the judiciary. Completely wrong headed. We need to
         | get our legislature working. We also need people to realize
         | that living in a democracy means that you don't always get your
         | way.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Make the court large enough and it can be our version of the
         | House of Lords, and a third house of Congress.
        
       | nostromo wrote:
       | The theme this session has been the court pushing lots of
       | decisions back to congress, away from the executive, and away
       | from the court itself.
       | 
       | For all the consternation, these decisions are very mutable.
       | Congress just needs to pass laws.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | That's true in this case. It's not true in Bruen or Dobbs.
        
           | zeroonetwothree wrote:
           | And all the religion cases as well.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | No, Dobbs returns the power to legislate abortion to the
           | congress.
           | 
           | You are correct however on Bruen limiting the power of
           | congress and the states.
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | > No, Dobbs returns the power to legislate abortion to the
             | congress.
             | 
             | It does? I thought it left it to the states.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | Congress can ban or legalize abortion federally now. Or
               | they can leave it up to the states -- which is the
               | current default without Roe.
               | 
               | In fact, congress could have codified access to abortion
               | at anytime in the past 40-odd years.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | From page 8 of the decision:
               | 
               | > The Constitution does not prohibit the citizens of each
               | State from regulating or prohibiting abortion.
               | 
               | Seems pretty clear: it's for the states to legislate, not
               | Congress, notwithstanding this:
               | 
               | > The Court overrules those decisions and returns that
               | authority to the people and their elected
               | representatives.
               | 
               | which clearly does not refer to Congress given the
               | preceding.
               | 
               | That said, state laws regarding abortion almost certainly
               | don't reach a) federal land within those states, b)
               | interstate travel. Congress can easily fund abortion
               | clinics on federal lands, and it can fund travel by
               | pregnant women seeking abortions. So in a way, you're not
               | wrong.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | You're simply wrong about this friend. Congress could
               | make the Roe standard the law of the entire US tomorrow.
               | This is why you see Biden and others asking them to do
               | just that.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | I'm dead certain Congress couldn't before Roe, between
               | Roe and Dobbs, or after Dobbs, not w/o a Constitutional
               | amendment. That much is quite clear. I quoted from Dobbs,
               | and as to Roe, Roe declared a constitutional right, which
               | means Congress couldn't do anything about it w/o a
               | constitutional amendment. If federal statute could
               | compete, then Congress would have made Roe law long ago
               | in any one of the many sessions in which there were vast
               | majorities for it in both houses and in the White House.
               | But no, it requires an amendment, which is why it's never
               | happened -- it's hard to get 2/3rds majorities for
               | anything, let alone controversial things.
        
               | rory wrote:
               | > _I 'm dead certain Congress couldn't before Roe,
               | between Roe and Dobbs, or after Dobbs, not w/o a
               | Constitutional amendment._
               | 
               | Well, they certainly thought they could:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_Choice_Act
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Of course they can _think_ that they can act.
        
               | rory wrote:
               | So you're saying you're "dead certain" that Barbara
               | Boxer, Hillary Clinton, Dianne Feinstein, etc.
               | misunderstand what kinds of laws are and are not
               | constitutional? Where does such a high degree of
               | confidence come from?
        
         | chronometry888 wrote:
         | We don't have time for that. By the time a congress is elected
         | that is willing to make laws that curb emissions, it will be
         | too late. So much damage will already have been done.
         | 
         | Pushing responsibility to literally save the world onto a
         | broken legislative body is idiotic.
        
         | tialaramex wrote:
         | > Congress just needs to pass laws.
         | 
         | For so long as the American people respect the US Supreme
         | Court, their laws can be nullified on the say-so of this Court
         | and are thus worthless. That's the underlying _point_ of this
         | whole suite of rulings.
         | 
         | Congress can write laws, the Court can decide they don't mean
         | what you thought they mean, and, apparently, you will
         | cheerfully conclude that the Court is wise and you're foolish,
         | perhaps only realising the danger when it is too late.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | You're catastrophizing.
           | 
           | So far this court seems to be largely giving more power to
           | voters and their representatives to create law, limiting
           | their own power (Dobbs), and giving power to the states.
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | Markets and technologies will have to play the leading role. And
       | eventually a carbon tax.
        
       | thepasswordis wrote:
       | Good.
       | 
       | I have to say that, as an anti-authoritarian, conservative
       | advocate of individual liberty, this last week has been extremely
       | inspiring.
       | 
       | To those who are confused about how the system in the US works:
       | the court has basically _decreased_ their own power with some of
       | these decisions. That's the type of thing that should give
       | everybody, regardless of affiliation, hope about the future.
        
         | pylon wrote:
         | Making it easier for states to ban abortion is good for
         | individual liberty?
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | It also makes it easier for states to expand access to
           | abortion, including expanding it up through the 3rd
           | trimester. Just today, CA put a Constitutional amendment on
           | the ballot in November to allow up to the final minute
           | abortions.
           | 
           | That ruling gave power back to the people and state
           | legislatures. It benefit blue states as much as red.
        
             | pylon wrote:
             | None of this sounds good for individual liberty. It just
             | becomes an issue of are you lucky enough to live in a state
             | that doesn't hate you
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | That's just as horrific as banning abortions altogether.
        
               | gsibble wrote:
               | But it's up to the people to decide. That's what freedom
               | is.
        
           | thepasswordis wrote:
           | The court self limiting their own power, and pushing it down
           | to an democratically elected body (the congress) is good for
           | individual liberty.
        
             | zeroonetwothree wrote:
             | It's literally not. Individual liberty is about freedom
             | from government interference.
        
               | thepasswordis wrote:
               | So 9 unelected lifetime appointees should be able to
               | dictate laws, but 538 democratically elected
               | representatives that change every 2 years based in the
               | will of the people shouldn't?
               | 
               | Huh.
        
           | VoodooJuJu wrote:
           | It's about giving power back to the states, and in turn the
           | people. So a state and its people would have the power to
           | decide on something like abortion rather than a single
           | centralized leviathan-authority.
        
             | chimprich wrote:
             | > power back to the states, and in turn the people
             | 
             | That sounds quite Stalinist. The people are not the state.
             | 
             | > So a state and its people would have the power to decide
             | on something like abortion rather than a single centralized
             | leviathan-authority.
             | 
             | Right, so your federal government is a centralised
             | Hobbesian leviathan, but state government is not? How is
             | state government not centralised? It's just centralised at
             | a different level.
             | 
             | You know what would _not_ be centralised? Allowing
             | individuals bodily autonomy. Let them decide whether they
             | want an abortion, not have them be forced to carry foetuses
             | to term against their will.
        
               | VoodooJuJu wrote:
               | On the particular of abortion, in terms of liberty, the
               | baby's liberty must be considered, not only the mother's.
               | 
               | In the general case of state vs federal sovereignty,
               | state sovereignty is closer to the individual is and more
               | malleable/escapable than a federal sovereign, and is thus
               | preferable (state sovereignty was the original ideal of
               | the United States and the founders go on at length about
               | the benefits of this arrangement.)
        
             | pylon wrote:
             | And if the people choose to vote to limit individual
             | liberty of others then this decision is still good for
             | individual liberty?
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | It is inspiring.
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | How was Dobbs a win for individual liberty? Shouldn't you want
         | the 14th amendment to protect individual liberty as widely as
         | possible? Or do you think it's better for the Constitution to
         | not protect individual liberties?
        
           | redler wrote:
           | It's a necessary step on the road to Blastular Personhood.
        
       | spacemanmatt wrote:
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Fix the SCOTUS. I like the proposal to have term limits (long
         | ones, maybe 20 years) and increase the number of justices so
         | that every four years two of them are replaced by the sitting
         | president.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | Agreed, however I was not referring to the institution.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | The Constitution says "for life". Fixing that will require an
           | amendment.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | Sure. It's a document that was designed to evolve and we've
             | done that 27 times already.
        
         | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
         | Pretty much by definition whatever decision a court takes,
         | someone will be disappointed.
         | 
         | Otherwise we wouldn't need courts.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | Thanks, but I'm a grown-up, and that is not why I said fuck
           | the SCOTUS.
        
           | ivalm wrote:
           | I just want my court to be consistent with multi-decade
           | precedent and not dramatically pivot when the composition
           | changes.
        
             | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
             | You mean the court should've stuck with Plessy vs. Ferguson
             | [1]?
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plessy_v._Ferguson
        
       | morninglight wrote:
       | Donald Trump lives, and his legacy will be controlling your life
       | for many years.
        
         | parrellel wrote:
         | This is more the John Bircher's bag. So McConnell's your
         | bizarre Litch-like man.
        
         | txsoftwaredev wrote:
        
           | syspec wrote:
           | Lmao! Right... if only trump was around im sure things would
           | be better.
        
         | pigtailgirl wrote:
         | -- from an outside perspective it feels like declined American
         | manufacturing / skilled labour simply continuing it's
         | reflection into the American society? - this started long
         | before trump? -- bail out the banks > 1% hate > occupy wall st
         | etc > "coastal elite" > state pride > trump etc > appetite in
         | the country for the court to address federal vs state
         | precedent? Could be wrong, just how it looks from the outside
         | --
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | There's more to it. The American right has been working a
           | multi-decade long plan to pack the supreme court with...
           | Well, people like this. And now the chickens are coming home
           | to roost.
           | 
           | They'd have done this regardless of the state of
           | industrialization or 1% hate. It's an alliance between
           | religious fundamentalism, and the business community, and
           | what they want has stayed constant despite the short term
           | ebbs and flows of politics.
           | 
           | Also, please don't buy into the states rights nonsense. This
           | group only believes in states rights when they don't control
           | the federal government.
           | 
           | It's really best to just not listen to what it says, and
           | instead look at what it does.
        
         | lkxijlewlf wrote:
         | Trump is a tool. He didn't do this. He doesn't have the brain
         | power to do this. This was the CNP, the Federalist Society, the
         | Koch bruhs, etc. They've worked on this for decades. DECADES.
        
       | unethical_ban wrote:
       | The goal of this Supreme Court seems to be the dismantling of the
       | past century of reading the Constitution. They are pushing hard
       | to put the onus on Congress to pass explicit amendments to
       | protect human rights, and to be more explicit in the power they
       | grant the Executive. And they don't seem to care about religion
       | being defacto intertwined with public education.
       | 
       | The United States was "the first modern democracy". But we're
       | running on shoddy, unpatched OS that none of the maintainers feel
       | like fixing, and the users can't change the maintainers due to
       | the rules.
       | 
       | Ideally:
       | 
       | The Senate would be gone.
       | 
       | Either gerrymandering would be dismantled, or state elections for
       | House would be multi-member elections. The House would scale with
       | population.
       | 
       | Justices of the Supreme Court would have a term limit of say, 18
       | years.
       | 
       | Constitutional amendments would not require such a supermajority
       | of state legislatures.
       | 
       | The Federal government would have a standard for voting audits
       | and take a more active role in protecting voting rights, since
       | the ability for the Constitution to be amended depends on the
       | integrity of state elections as well as federal elections.
       | 
       | Frankly, I don't see a way out of the slow death spiral this
       | country is in without significant upheaval.
        
       | biggieshellz wrote:
       | Major questions doctrine. They ruled that the current law does
       | not empower EPA to require producers to shift generation to
       | different methods (e.g. natural gas, renewables), and that if
       | Congress had meant for the law to do that, they would have
       | written it explicitly.
       | 
       | Congress can still pass a law empowering EPA to regulate
       | greenhouse gas emissions.
        
         | chronometry888 wrote:
         | No they can't. I mean, legally they have the authority to do
         | so. But congress is pretty broken. By the time a congress is
         | elected that can effectively legislate a solution to climate
         | change, it will be too late.
         | 
         | Giving a broken legislative body the sole responsibility of
         | literally saving the world is a really, really dumb idea.
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | > Congress can still pass a law empowering EPA to regulate
         | greenhouse gas emissions.
         | 
         | Congress gave the EPA broad discretion that it could have
         | revoked -- using your argument -- at any moment. This issue has
         | been bouncing around for over a decade, and Congress has
         | systematically declined to do so.
        
           | AbrahamParangi wrote:
           | I think the argument is that the EPA considered itself to
           | have broad discretion and congress was silent on the matter,
           | and more generally do the executive functions have whatever
           | discretion they assume to have unless congress specifically
           | limits them? Or rather, do they have only the permit that
           | congress gives them?
        
           | barsonme wrote:
           | They've declined to do a lot over the last decade :)
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | Well, see, that's exactly the question. How broad was the
           | authority that Congress gave them?
           | 
           | "Congress gave them broad authority" != "they have authority
           | over everything they can in any way claim relates (however
           | loosely) to their mandate".
        
           | tick_tock_tick wrote:
           | That's a horrible argument. The Executive branch should never
           | had default allow permissions for anything. The amount of
           | mental gymnastic many of our current regulator bodies have
           | used to claim more authority is already obscene.
        
         | fzeroracer wrote:
         | Do y'all not consider how the EPA came into being in the first
         | place? It exists because a previous congress did do something
         | and delegated their authority for a very specific reason. Like
         | it was a joint effort between Republicans and Democrats even.
         | 
         | What this Supreme Court has decided to do is say that what they
         | did doesn't matter, knowing that the current makeup in congress
         | is in gridlock due to how modern day Republicans behave. Like
         | the dissent was posted here. Congress explicitly empowered the
         | EPA to work towards the best system of emission reduction.
        
           | extheat wrote:
           | Congress has to be explicit with what powers they delegate.
           | They can't just say "do whatever you want to fix this
           | problem". Neither does it say that in the law. It's not the
           | job of SCOTUS to give you the outcome you want. It's to rule
           | on what the law does say and is constitutionally acceptable.
        
             | iostream24 wrote:
             | Congress granted the EPA power to regulate air pollution.
             | CO2 and methane are harmful pollutants that cause a
             | greenhouse effect, and the EPA was granted the authority to
             | address this. Our activist extremely biased Supreme Court
             | has several members who are part of a political advocacy
             | operation called the federalist society and ensures that
             | members get Supreme Court placement specifically to achieve
             | federalist society goals. Nothing about this is secret.
             | Nothing about this is acceptable
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | > Congress can still pass a law
         | 
         | Since when
        
         | wbradmoore wrote:
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Ah yes, but that would require Congress to actually do
         | something, which hasn't happened in the last 18 months so we
         | shouldn't expect it to start.
         | 
         | Congress could have mooted this case with ordinary statutory
         | procedures at any point, but did not.
        
           | karaterobot wrote:
           | But they probably should, and I hope this will get them to do
           | it.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Impossible because their 50th guy in the Senate is a W.
             | Virginia coal mining millionaire. He's all but literally
             | the appellant in this case.
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | Unlikely. Republicans were only barely willing to work with
             | democrats after the latest in a long string of people
             | gunning down school children. Since hatred of the
             | environment is practically a party platform, they certainly
             | aren't going to cooperate on giving the EPA anything ever.
        
           | xthrowawayxx wrote:
           | I think a good thing that laws can't pass without sufficient
           | consensus. If you can bypass consensus for the greater good
           | then so can the other side.
        
             | xpe wrote:
             | This statement is an obvious assumption of democracy. Am I
             | missing something more?
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | The issue is one of "arms racing".
               | 
               | Consider, for example, how the FDA operates. They have a
               | broad mandate to keep food clean and drugs safe. They
               | don't have an explicit mandate of "you must only regulate
               | tylenol and aspirin, we need to pass a law for new drugs
               | each time they come up."
               | 
               | This ruling finds the EPA, who has the mandate to keep
               | pollutants out of the air, can't determine that CO2 is a
               | pollutant. Why is that? The 2016 clean air act
               | specifically gave them the power to regulate air
               | pollutants.
               | 
               | The only answer is political activism. There is no
               | difference between the FDA's broad mandate and the EPA's
               | broad mandate.
               | 
               | I recommend reading the dissent on this case. It makes it
               | absolutely clear that this is an EPA power. The
               | conservatives couldn't get new laws passed repealing the
               | EPA, so instead they packed the court with political
               | activists so they could make law from the bench.
        
               | iostream24 wrote:
               | Yet another reasonable comment that some shadow bully has
               | downvoted gray.
               | 
               | HN is broken
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | HN is very ill-suited to discussing politics in general.
               | That's a known feature.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | It might be obvious, but I feel like it's lost due to
               | partisan motivated reasoning. eg. when your preferred
               | party doesn't control the senate, then the filibusterer
               | is an important part part of democracy that forces
               | widespread consensus, but when your party does control
               | the senate the filibusterer is a undemocratic tactic used
               | by the minority to obstruct the majority.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | The key word here is " _sufficient_ consensus. " Your
               | judgement of sufficiency is a personal opinion.
               | 
               | I could, for example, define "sufficient consensus" as
               | requiring that all laws require a 90% supermajority in
               | the Senate. Or I could reduce this to 50% of the Senate.
               | Alternatively I could reform Congress so that lawmaking
               | requires voting totals representing 50% of the
               | population.
               | 
               | Each of these is one possible version of "sufficient
               | consensus", and still none of them actually matches the
               | version we actually have. What is clear is that the
               | sclerotic nature of today's Congress is problematic, and
               | it's doing a great deal to undermine faith in our
               | democratic system.
        
             | Victerius wrote:
             | The rise of China is testing and will continue to test this
             | assumption. The Chinese government does not require
             | consensus. It can build 40,000 kilometers of high speed
             | rail in just a few years. It can pull hundreds of millions
             | from poverty. It can shut down entire companies and
             | industries overnight (e.g. private school tutoring), jail
             | corrupt corporate executives, and in general coerce
             | compliance to any law.
             | 
             | Do you know how many school teachers in China must buy
             | supplies for their students with their own money? Zero.
             | 
             | Do you know how many Chinese ambassadorships are left
             | vacant because of political bickering? Zero.
             | 
             | I am not a shill for the Chinese Communist Party, Xi
             | Jinping, or the ideology of the Chinese political system,
             | but I increasingly _am_ a shill for the ruthless efficiency
             | of the Chinese government.
        
               | sunnycareboo wrote:
        
               | nixgeek wrote:
               | They're ruthlessly efficient at persecuting the Uyghurs
               | as well. I'm not sure "ruthless efficiency" is actually
               | that desirable in a government.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | China does not have a monopoly on persecuting minorities,
               | especially in comparison to the United States.
               | 
               | The US's genocidal oppression has been ongoing far, far
               | longer than the oppression of the Uyghur people.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2022/06/29/1108717407/supreme-court-
               | narr...
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | > _The US 's genocidal oppression has been ongoing far,
               | far longer than the oppression of the Uyghur people._
               | 
               | And knowing that, you'd take the guard rails off? Crazy.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you mean in this context. Which guard
               | rails off of what?
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | The system of checks and balances that impede the
               | efficiency of the American government.
        
               | Victerius wrote:
               | China is one extreme. The other extreme is the United
               | States, which isn't able to accomplish anything, good
               | _or_ bad. All the US does anymore is renaming post
               | offices, mailing social security checks, funding the
               | army, and tax stuff. Tax cuts, tax credits, tax rebates,
               | tax incentives.
               | 
               | China may well supersede the United States in the future,
               | despite its treatment of minorities.
        
               | Aarostotle wrote:
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | I mean there are a lot of people who are looking into
               | moving to China. I suspect this line is going to age like
               | milk in the next few years.
        
               | Aarostotle wrote:
               | I'll set a reminder to come back to this in 3, 10, and 20
               | years. We'll see.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | They also can't enforce building codes leading to fires
               | that kill a lot of people, have no real food safety and
               | dramatically impinge on any sense of individual rights.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | We can do the same kinds of things in war time and have.
        
             | teucris wrote:
             | I agree, but the current political climate has made
             | consensus appear as weakness.
        
             | camgunz wrote:
             | The problem is that our federal legislative system is
             | heavily tilted in favor of Republicans despite them being
             | firmly a minority party. This is most apparent in the
             | Senate, but gerrymandering gives them an edge in the House
             | too.
             | 
             | So when you're talking about consensus, the country has it.
             | There's consensus on immigration, gun control, and
             | abortion. It's just that Republicans prevent us from acting
             | on it.
        
               | extheat wrote:
               | Consensus doesn't just mean 51%. It means general
               | agreement. If you have 100 people in a room, 51 people
               | are in favor of something and the other 49 are not, is
               | that your "consensus"? Prior to the US each of the states
               | were their own sovereign entities. Why enter the US (or
               | stay in it) if you are going to be ruled against your
               | will? The states agreed to give up some of their power
               | and joined under the explicit conditions of the senate
               | that they would have an equal say.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | These are a little dated but:
               | 
               | A majority of Americans support the right to choose [1]
               | (61%), a path to amnesty for undocumented persons [2]
               | (60%), restrictions on firearm purchase and ownership [3]
               | (> 64%), moving off of fossil fuels and treating climate
               | change like the threat it is [4] (76%), a wealth tax on
               | people with a net worth of over $50m [5] (56%), the
               | expanded voting rights in HR 1 [6] (>61%), etc. etc. etc.
               | 
               | These are _big_ majorities, and I 'd wager most Americans
               | don't think this stuff is broadly popular.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-
               | tank/2022/06/13/about-six-i...
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000177-d4f4-dd7d-ab
               | 77-fcfd4...
               | 
               | [3]: https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000178-cfbd-d112-a9
               | 7e-ffbde...
               | 
               | [4]: https://morningconsult.com/2021/04/27/paris-
               | agreement-climat...
               | 
               | [5]: https://www.businessinsider.com/over-half-americans-
               | see-weal...
               | 
               | [6]:
               | https://www.filesforprogress.org/datasets/2021/4/dfp-vox-
               | hr-...
        
             | andy_ppp wrote:
             | One man's consensus is another man's deliberately bought
             | off by an unholy alliance of special interests and stupid
             | people.
        
         | brodouevencode wrote:
         | This is as much a blow to chevron deference than anything. This
         | is a good thing.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | Please explain.
        
             | willis936 wrote:
             | I'll attempt to explain on their behalf: technocracy bad,
             | regulatory capture good.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Don't put words in other peoples' mouths. Especially
               | strawman words.
               | 
               | It's not honest, it's not nice, and it's against the site
               | guidelines.
        
             | brodouevencode wrote:
             | This is a decent definition: "administrative law principle
             | that compels federal courts to defer to a federal agency's
             | interpretation of an ambiguous or unclear statute that
             | Congress delegated to the agency to administer." The ruling
             | basically undermines the previous notion of the judiciary
             | deferring to an administrative agency, because it just
             | didn't, therefore forcing the legislature to be more
             | explicit in its desires.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | Why do you see a blow to the chevron deference doctrine as a
           | good thing?
           | 
           | I'd say that the doctrine properly tries to keep the supreme
           | court, the least democratically responsible branch of US
           | federal government, from being the most powerful of the three
           | branches of government.
        
             | mn3gs wrote:
             | The least democratically responsible branch of the US
             | federal government is the administrative state.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | How are civil servants _less_ responsible than supreme
               | court justices that are appointed for life? At least with
               | civil servants they can be fired.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | How do you see the Supreme Court as being more
               | democratically responsible than the administrative
               | personel of the executive branch?
               | 
               | To me, it seems clear that the "administrative state" is
               | overseen by the president, who can overrule them and fire
               | individual people, and the president is elected by the
               | people every four years, and that makes the executive
               | branch more democratically responsible than the supreme
               | court, which is not elected by the people, and who serve
               | for life with no democratic accountability.
               | 
               | But I'm open to hearing your argument for how the supreme
               | court is more democratically responsible than the offices
               | of the executive branch! Maybe we don't mean the same
               | thing by "democratically responsible".
        
             | brodouevencode wrote:
             | > being the most powerful of the three branches of
             | government.
             | 
             | By pushing the responsibility to lifelong bureaucrats? I
             | honestly don't see a difference there.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | The "lifelong bureaucrats" are typically (but not always,
               | see the CDC) policy and subject matter experts.
               | 
               | Chevron deference's main purpose is to free Congress from
               | writing exhaustive laws. If the executive branch does
               | something Congress doesn't like, they can change the law
               | and make it more specific. Of course Congress does almost
               | nothing, so when you say it has to take legislative
               | action to regulate something, what you're effectively
               | doing is deregulating it.
               | 
               | This decision follows more from the Court where they pick
               | and choose what they doom in this way based on their
               | personal politics, contrary to precedent and reliance
               | interests.
               | 
               | We shouldn't think too hard about what this Court does;
               | it's a nakedly ideological power grab that's the endgame
               | of a generation long effort by Conservatives to control
               | the US through the court as they slide further and
               | further into permanent minority status. Future
               | generations will look back on this era as one of infamy.
        
               | laverya wrote:
               | > The "lifelong bureaucrats" are typically (but not
               | always, see the CDC) policy and subject matter experts.
               | 
               | We really, really needed one of those groups of unelected
               | bureaucrats to be policy and subject matter experts, and
               | they weren't. But don't worry, all the others we haven't
               | actually checked are!
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | I'll try and read into your low-effort dismissal here a
               | critique of my singling out the CDC and explain further:
               | 
               | The CDC is a relatively unique case of an institution
               | that was really gutted by a mistake decades ago (the
               | swine flu vaccine in the late 70s [0]) and then got some
               | pretty bad Trump-nominated leadership [1] [2]). Elections
               | matter, it turns out.
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.npr.org/2021/05/03/991570372/michael-
               | lewis-the-p...
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/04/politics/cdc-
               | redfield-aids-wa...
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/18/cdc-
               | director-avoid...
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | The buerocrats take their orders from the president, and
               | if they don't can be overruled and fired by the
               | president, who is elected by the people every 4 years.
               | That's a pretty big difference, no?
        
             | 31835843 wrote:
             | The Supreme Court can just ignore its own precedents, so
             | this doesn't really help.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Supreme Court can just ignore its own precedents_
               | 
               | I'm not a fan of the current Court, but _stare decisis_
               | has never been binding. Landmark rulings are landmarks
               | because the create or break precedent. Courts have been
               | doing that since there were courts.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Stare decides bound _Casey_ , at least. It's never before
               | been ignored when it established a new individual right (
               | _Dobbs_ overturns precedent to remove a right, which has
               | never been done before). This really can 't be minimized
               | as "Courts gonna Court".
        
           | khuey wrote:
           | I haven't read the opinion in detail but it doesn't appear
           | they touched Chevron, merely ruling this particular case
           | falls under the preexisting major questions
           | doctrine/exception to Chevron.
        
             | voxic11 wrote:
             | If you read the dissent they seem to be claiming the
             | majority opinion greatly expands the circumstances in which
             | the major questions exception applies. Which would be a big
             | hit to Chevron making it apply in far fewer cases.
        
       | rabuse wrote:
       | I hope they go after the unconstitutional agency known as the
       | "ATF" next.
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | Or the DEA, CIA, NSA and other criminal cabals.
        
         | zeroonetwothree wrote:
         | SC rules on cases that are appealed. They can't "go after"
         | anyone on their own.
        
         | oaththrowaway wrote:
         | Hoping this ruling will help with that
        
         | post_break wrote:
         | That's exactly what this may do. The ATF in theory can't just
         | up and decide what to ban without congress making a law.
         | Turning law abiding citizens into felons overnight. Bumpstock
         | ban? That's gone in theory. FRT trigger? Braces? ATF is going
         | to quickly realize they can't just make shit up on the fly if
         | it's not a law.
        
           | barsonme wrote:
           | Or Congress could pass legislation granting ATF authority to
           | determine what constitutes a machine gun under the National
           | Firearms Act.
        
             | post_break wrote:
             | A machine gun is already defined as something that fires
             | multiple times with a single trigger pull. Not sure what
             | you're saying?
        
               | barsonme wrote:
               | To be clear: I'm not advocating anything, just stating
               | that Congress could choose to delegate that authority as
               | a result of the ruling.
        
               | post_break wrote:
               | I'm just not sure what you're saying even still. Under
               | the NFA it's already a law on the books. Moving mountains
               | to pass something that's already law.
        
         | maxwell wrote:
         | In light of _Bruen_ and this one, maybe.
         | 
         | But based on _Egbert_ and _Vega_ , there's now precedent for
         | federal agents to perform warrantless raids, seizures, and
         | arrests, without reading _Miranda_ warnings, with no legal
         | consequences.
        
         | xdennis wrote:
         | Considering that the ATF has incancerated over 1000 people over
         | fake crimes[1], they should.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATF_fictional_sting_operations
        
       | system2 wrote:
       | So bizarre to see USA to be derailed like this, by Americans.
       | Difficult to understand what the long game is. By hurting the
       | country, who is benefiting?
        
         | lelandfe wrote:
         | Seriously: power plant owners and investors, and politicians
         | involved with the same. Those politicians have spent time and
         | money convincing their constituency this benefits _them_ , too.
        
         | nharada wrote:
         | For many Americans the enemy IS Americans. It's worth getting
         | bruised up as long as the other guy is hurt more.
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | > By hurting the country, who is benefiting?
         | 
         | who do you think it is?
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | The EPA's power to cut emissions has _always_ been limited. That
       | 's always been part of the problem. The current Supreme Court
       | didn't suddenly create those limits, they just adjusted the dial
       | a little.
       | 
       | TL:DR; the EPA has _never_ 'protected people from emissions'
       | well. This article seems to ignore all that history and focuses
       | on the hot take of ruling reactions.
        
       | pzautke wrote:
       | Highly recommend Uncivil Law's analysis of this and other court
       | decisions - https://youtu.be/a0THZi7H6LI?t=595
        
       | itslennysfault wrote:
       | These guys are on a roll. Yesterday was giving states legal
       | rights over indigenous nations. Today this.
       | 
       | I was already planning to expat soon, but this all makes me want
       | to try to hurry that timeline. Sorry to those of you that are
       | stuck in this hellscape.
        
         | brodouevencode wrote:
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | Weird, I thought Gorsuch was pretty pro indigenous.
        
           | Miltnoid wrote:
           | Yeah, he was on the dissenting side. But it was still 5-4.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > stuck in this hellscape
         | 
         | It looks much less so if you turn off the news. I have a good
         | life here, and I'm unconvinced it would be a net improvement to
         | move to Europe. I enjoy visiting there, but it's not like they
         | don't have their own problems.
        
         | pigtailgirl wrote:
         | -- America began the process of un-uniting quite some time ago
         | - it's unsurprising that the supreme court is reflecting that -
         | curious what Americans here think about this? - much of the
         | country is trending towards "live in the state that you're
         | comfortable in" - seems somewhat reasonable? --
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > live in the state that you're comfortable in
           | 
           | That's a pipe dream. The division is urban-vs-rural, not
           | state-vs-state. What is now a red state will inexorably
           | become blue as people flock to it. Rinse and repeat.
           | 
           | America has been through divisive times in the past. We'll
           | survive. I think what's notable now is that it's been so damn
           | peaceful for most of our lives that this looks like
           | unprecedented tribalism.
        
           | cujo wrote:
           | Thoughts:
           | 
           | 1. Moving is hard. Even harder for people that have little
           | means. Living in the state you're comfortable isn't going to
           | work for a lot of people.
           | 
           | 2. Currently, it doesn't feel like "the state you're
           | comfortable in" will be that way for long in this country.
           | 
           | 3. Moving to a country you're comfortable in is the same
           | principle, so why not do that if you're already comfortable
           | moving?
           | 
           | But to play this card,
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | > 1. Moving is hard. Even harder for people that have
             | little means. Living in the state you're comfortable isn't
             | going to work for a lot of people.
             | 
             | Also, don't forget that a lot of blue states (if that's
             | where someone wants to live) have been really bad at
             | providing enough housing, so are pretty difficult for
             | someone to move to if they don't have a lot of money.
        
             | pigtailgirl wrote:
             | -- I'd think that if you wanted to progress your country
             | and change it toward your perspective - it would take folks
             | moving to the areas they're uncomfortable to do the work in
             | those communities - from an outside perspective it seems
             | the conservatives are going to swallow the liberals in the
             | states simply because they're more comfortable literally
             | going to other areas of the country to change/bolster
             | views? (I don't live in the USA)- however - I suppose
             | that's a lot to ask - that said- it's fairly common in some
             | countries --
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | akmarinov wrote:
         | You're looking to become an immigrant somewhere?
        
           | cujo wrote:
           | Is this supposed to be a gotcha? That's clearly what OP is
           | saying. What makes that unreasonable?
        
             | artemonster wrote:
             | In ,,their" mind that a very ,,bad" thing, I guess.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | gonzo41 wrote:
         | Don't pick a country that's between the tropics of Capricorn or
         | Cancer, or you'll just be escaping to a hellscape shortly
         | anyway.
        
         | mark_l_watson wrote:
         | While I think that I understand your feelings, here is
         | something to consider: Yuval Noah Harari (historian who has
         | written some great books for understanding the world) recently
         | said that if countries like the USA can solve the partisanship
         | problems we have then there is no limit to where our society
         | and civilization can go.
         | 
         | This seems well worth working hard for.
         | 
         | My personal approach is to be very hard on family members and
         | friends who if democrats talk about republicans as evil
         | incarnate and if they are republicans then talk about democrats
         | as woke idiots who are ruining the country.
         | 
         | I try to point out how stupid both sides are and they are
         | fighting the wrong battles against the wrong enemy.
         | 
         | Another reason to stay in the USA: currently the world is
         | splitting into two economies led by:
         | 
         | 1) BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South
         | Africa) - they will probably have about 60% of the world's
         | population aligned with them.
         | 
         | 2) USA/Europe/Canada/Australia/etc. - they will probably have
         | about 40% of the world's population aligned with them.
         | 
         | Except for the USA and Russia who have the resources (food,
         | energy, defensibility), I think that most all of the other
         | countries can not exist without external trade. If the shit
         | really hits the fan for the world, being in the USA might be a
         | very good thing, even if we don't solve the political bigotry
         | of democrats and republicans hating each other.
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | As an European, please don't put me in a basket with the USA.
           | Thanks.
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | I'd like to caution other people who are feeling despondent and
         | thinking of leaving that this is _exactly_ what they want. They
         | want you to give them your homes, your relationships, your
         | friends, your resources, your job and everything you 've cared
         | about.
         | 
         | So instead of being cynical and celebrating people who are
         | abandoning ship, which I totally understand, we should instead
         | spend time uniting people in opposition. Stay where you are and
         | fight. It's _your_ country. It 's mind-blowing that people
         | won't engage in trying to actually do something, even something
         | as simple as helping a campaign, or donating money, but instead
         | they're like "well I'm going to just give up and spend all this
         | time and effort moving to some other country where I also won't
         | uphold any civic responsibility". Madness.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | I've been pondering this myself. At a certain point, in
           | places going downhill, like Venezuela or Russia, the smart
           | move is just to get out. Tough to decide when that moment is,
           | though, I guess.
        
             | notafraudster wrote:
             | It's not just about chronic malignant threats like those
             | countries; it's also about acute threats. Take as an
             | example, if you were Ukrainian, you had about 2 months of
             | runway during which there was ample evidence Russia was
             | going to invade Ukraine and the country would likely be
             | flattened. And yet, when Russia did invade Ukraine, there
             | were throngs of people trying to escape. I'm not talking
             | about people who are disabled or immobile, I'm talking
             | about middle class people who simply thought they had more
             | time and didn't want to disrupt their life for nothing. See
             | also Afghans in Kabul, who thought either the Taliban
             | wouldn't win or they'd have several more months to get
             | their lives in order.
             | 
             | This is also a popular trope in fiction. In the recent
             | Handmaid's Tale series, there are several episodes devoted
             | to life immediately before the fall, and what you see is a
             | lot of evidence stuff is going to hit a crisis point, and a
             | lot of people insisting that it hasn't quite yet.
             | 
             | Obviously the threshold to act has to be fairly high -- and
             | I'm not saying America is Kabul or Kyiv or Gilead -- but I
             | think there's nothing wrong with listening to the part of
             | your brain that says "wow, it feels like the shit is
             | imminently going to hit the fan". Because if you wait until
             | it actually does, you'll have significantly less capacity
             | to act.
             | 
             | There are also options beyond leaving the country. Some
             | places are physically safer and physically more isolated
             | from threat than others. For example, in the event that
             | there is a rapid institutional collapse in the United
             | States, it seems likely that Hawai'i would be among the
             | places most likely to endure a little while extra or to
             | most easily facilitate leaving the country. Areas near
             | unguarded border crossings on the northern border also have
             | an appeal in that regard. I think the right degree of
             | seriousness with which to take something like this is not
             | so much "I should move to Hawai'i tomorrow in case there's
             | a civil war" and more "If I can work remotely in Hawai'i or
             | if a job opens up, I might gain some degree of personal
             | safety/sovereignty by moving there."
             | 
             | Personal context: I am a non-American. I spent most of the
             | 2010s living in the U.S., and I emigrated to another
             | country in early 2021. The pull factor to emigrate was a
             | job opportunity abroad that was great and that my wife
             | agreed would be a fun way to spend a few years, but the
             | push factor to emigrate was significant uncertainty about
             | the institutional stability of the U.S. We were setting up
             | our paperwork just as the Capitol Insurrection happened.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | I think some kind of dramatic failure less likely than a
               | gradual descent. More like Hungary, Turkey, Venezuela or
               | something than some of the more, uh, 'exciting' examples
               | from history.
               | 
               | Of course, things going badly in the US is going to have
               | spillover effects everywhere else too, so that's
               | something to keep in mind. I'm not sure how isolated
               | various places would be.
        
             | SantalBlush wrote:
             | We have a long way to go before we can reasonably be
             | compared with Venezuela.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | The main thing would for us to be under crushing US
               | sanctions. However, because the US needs their oil now,
               | things may be loosening up and Venezuela may do a lot
               | better.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | As much as these things can be objectively measured,
               | that's certainly correct. But the trend is not a good
               | one, and the US is considered a 'flawed democracy' rather
               | than a full one according to this:
               | https://www.economist.com/graphic-
               | detail/2022/02/09/a-new-lo...
        
               | CyanBird wrote:
               | I honestly couldn't live living in the US, I just
               | couldn't exist there knowing that my tax dollars and
               | simply my existence there helps bolster such violence in
               | other countries, good that I don't need to with how
               | common wfh is these days
               | 
               | But yeah, rough stuff
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | No place is perfect. Much of the fossil fuels that
               | European countries consume was coming from Russia and is
               | paying for the horrific things Russia is doing in
               | Ukraine.
               | 
               | But narrowly, I'm talking about democracy itself, which
               | is not doing well in the US.
        
             | JohnHaugeland wrote:
             | Oh stop it.
        
           | halostatue wrote:
           | I concur, _as_ an expat.
           | 
           | Barring extreme circumstances++, one should not moving _from_
           | the country of one's birth, but _to_ the country of one's
           | choice. I emigrated from the U.S. two decades ago _to_
           | Canada, because of the person who later became my wife--but I
           | had to decide that I could live _with_ Canada, too. Family
           | aside, nothing in the U.S. either held me _to_ America or was
           | pushing me _from_ America.
           | 
           | The process took almost two years, and it was almost five
           | years before I got Canadian citizenship. As I understand it,
           | it would take longer now.
           | 
           | My wife and I are considering moving to Europe or the U.K.,
           | but it would take time for this move to materialize, and we
           | need to figure out what it is that we want (especially given
           | our ages). Such a move is not likely to happen for two to
           | five years at this point.
           | 
           | ++ There are exigent circumstances where it becomes safer to
           | leave one country with little care for where one goes, as
           | long as it isn't worse. I fear with the extremists taking
           | power legitimately and illegitimately and pushing toward
           | their increasingly apartheid goals, there will be larger
           | classes of people who could legitimately become _refugees_
           | from America, especially if  "liberal" states turn extremist
           | --as they seem likely to do, since the divide here is (mostly
           | old, mostly white) rural vs (mostly younger, mostly diverse)
           | urban.
           | 
           | Sitting where I sit, I truly think that America is fucked,
           | and am doing what little that I can to make sure that Canada
           | does not follow in its footsteps, but we have our homegrown
           | extremists whose crypto-christo-fascist messages are being
           | treated with bemusement to respect, and even being promoted
           | by fools like Poilievre.
        
             | itslennysfault wrote:
             | Yeah, to be clear, I'm not running away from America. I'm
             | in a similar situation where my partner wants to move to
             | Germany (in a couple years), and I think that sounds like a
             | swell idea.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | > _I 'd like to caution other people who are feeling
           | despondent and thinking of leaving that this is exactly what
           | they want._
           | 
           | Could you clarify who "they" is in:
           | 
           | > _this is exactly what they want._
           | 
           | ?
           | 
           | And are you being a little hyperbolic (nothing wrong with
           | that, we all do it especially when impassioned) or do you
           | really think the supreme court (or whoever "they" is) are
           | trying to cause an exodus of people they disagree with?
           | 
           | I'm not challenging/disagreeing with you, just very
           | interested in understanding your thinking.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | I intentionally left _they_ up to interpretation here
             | because I think the same logic applies to anyone who is
             | potentially being forced from their home. This could apply
             | to California w.r.t firearms, or perhaps San Francisco and
             | their lethargic response to a public health crises, or
             | perhaps Ohio where I live where Christian Communists are
             | attempting to subvert the United States and the
             | Constitution.
             | 
             | I've actually always felt this way about immigration and
             | refugees as well. I certainly understand taking people in
             | (from wherever, to wherever), but the big problem with that
             | is once all the good people leave an area you have nothing
             | but the bad people. It's sort of fragile on a global scale.
             | What's the end goal? All "good" people go to a select few
             | countries and then the rest of the world is run by bad
             | people?
             | 
             | > And are you being a little hyperbolic (nothing wrong with
             | that, we all do it especially when impassioned) or do you
             | really think the supreme court (or whoever "they" is) are
             | trying to cause an exodus of people they disagree with?
             | 
             | I don't think there's an active campaign just yet, but I do
             | think that state legislatures are happy when this filtering
             | process happens because it solidifies power. So far they
             | have not undertaken active, visible campaigns, but I
             | believe that it's coming and will come more aggressively
             | from Christian Communists that have taken power in state
             | legislatures. It's not something that Democratic Party
             | leaders will say out loud but of course they're happy when
             | so-called Republicans leave their jurisdiction as well.
             | 
             | > I'm not challenging/disagreeing with you
             | 
             | Please do! We can't get better if we don't explore and have
             | discussions.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kevin_b_er wrote:
           | I have no intent on living through a new North Korea, a new
           | Russia, a new Greater German Reich, or a Gilead.
           | 
           | We're only a few years away from the collapse. It is a smart
           | move to escape while you can. If I need heart pills or
           | insulin in the future and they can't be made safe, then it
           | won't be safe if you have any medical issues. If the _water_
           | won 't be safe because we couldn't regulate new chemicals
           | invented, then it won't be safe to live here. If it isn't
           | safe to have a pregnancy, because they've decided to sentence
           | to death those with an ectopic pregnancy, why should you
           | stay?
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | If you stay you are giving them your work and taxes,
           | potentially your children.
           | 
           | It's better to gtfo.
           | 
           | Some people are deriving plasure from fighting the fights
           | even at high personal cost. But most people don't.
           | 
           | Your top responsibility is to yourself, to make the best of
           | the short time you have. Fighting loosing fights doesn't seem
           | to be that for most people.
        
             | jl6 wrote:
             | > Your top responsibility is to yourself, to make the best
             | of the short time you have.
             | 
             | Ironically this is the mindset behind keeping the coal
             | plants online.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | Every mindset can justify every action if you
               | sufficiently want it.
        
             | queuebert wrote:
             | We can't take the natural resources, benefits of geography,
             | and nuclear weapons with us, so those we leave behind will
             | inherit a very powerful nation. Something to think about.
        
               | KingOfCoders wrote:
               | You can't inherit something you have stolen.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | Couldn't agree with you more. Democracy literally means
           | "people rule." As the rulers, you occasionally have to rule.
           | It blows my mind that so many people act really angry about
           | states that gerrymander or take away abortion rights, but
           | can't even name a single state legislature. The little
           | political motivation people have gets funneled into a few
           | super-popular national issues regardless of their political
           | feasibility, so Congresspeople are incentivized to virtue
           | signal rather than get legislation though.
        
           | cujo wrote:
           | > We should instead spend time uniting people in opposition.
           | Stay where you are and fight.
           | 
           | That is definitely one approach, and one I'm hoping to see
           | through. But simultaneously you have to acknowledge that
           | there could come a point where it's time to jump ship. That
           | point is going to be different for everyone. Recent events
           | have pushed some past that point. That doesn't seem hard to
           | grasp.
           | 
           | > It's mind-blowing that people won't engage in trying to
           | actually do something, even something as simple as helping a
           | campaign, or donating money...
           | 
           | Have you been paying attention? People in this country have
           | been more engaged over the last few years than at any point
           | in my lifetime, and at this point the ship is still sinking.
           | 
           | Every time there is a school shooting, there is outrage and
           | no change. Proud boys terrorize another fucking library
           | event, and there aren't even reports of a single arrest.
           | Women's rights being slaughtered and we get to hear how we
           | need to vote. Another hearing laying out the obvious coup
           | attempt on Jan 6th, and no action taken but another news
           | headline.
           | 
           | This is just a snippet of the last ~30 days. 1 short month. I
           | don't argue that it's my country. My country just looks like
           | a real shithole lately.
           | 
           | > but instead they're like "well I'm going to just give up
           | and spend all this time and effort moving to some other
           | country where I also won't uphold any civic responsibility".
           | 
           | This is such a weird take. Consider employment. You can join
           | a startup, work your ass off, cross your fingers, and hope
           | for that big payday. High risk, high reward. Alternatively,
           | you can join a mature company, collect a comfortable paycheck
           | and moderately help to steer the bigger ship.
           | 
           | Right now, the US is looking like that startup. You can work
           | your ass off, and it may give you a great payoff in the form
           | of opportunity. But it's looking increasingly like it's going
           | to fail. Alternatively, you can move somewhere that has all
           | the big stuff in order, and you get to work on the small
           | stuff that still has effect while not worrying as much about
           | whether you're one injury away from bankruptcy.
           | 
           | Who knows? Maybe if we vote harder it'll turn around. At this
           | point, I'm inclined to believe it's cultural. We barely voted
           | out an insurrectionist. 48% of the country voted to keep that
           | in play. This country is full of people who are actively
           | encouraging someone to overthrow our government. 48%.
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | Large economically disruptive policy changes should come from the
       | legislative rather than the executive or judicial branches, as
       | they are more democratically accountable, at a finer level of
       | detail. To the extend that the consitution codifies that, it's a
       | good thing.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Victerius wrote:
       | I don't know how I should react to this news. I can imagine every
       | argument:
       | 
       | "EPA regulations were inconsequential in GHG emission reductions
       | in the US during the last 20 years"
       | 
       | "This decision could doom humanity"
       | 
       | "An excess of environmental regulations is accelerating climate
       | change, scientists find"
       | 
       | "Experts say the private sector will continue to seek emissions
       | efficiencies on its own, regardless of environmental regulations"
       | 
       | "ESG investing norms could be 10x better for the environment than
       | EPA regulations, climate scientists say"
       | 
       | Etc.
        
         | WillPostForFood wrote:
         | "If you want to regulate greenhouse gasses, we have a
         | legislature that can regulate greenhouse gasses"
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | But first they need to....you know, legislate.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | colincooke wrote:
       | For those looking to get an objective understanding of this
       | decision I found this article useful[0]. The gist of it is that
       | this is more about preventing future rules to be put in place
       | rather than changing anything that the EPA is actively enforcing.
       | Essentially the EPA cannot force the shut-down of coal fired
       | power plants (or other high emission energy sources) using the
       | Clean Air Act.
       | 
       | As someone very pro renewable energy obviously I would prefer a
       | different outcome, but the good news is that these types of power
       | sources are just plain uneconomical these days, so their shutdown
       | is going to happen anyways. Perhaps renewables won't have as many
       | regulatory assists as we hoped, but the good news is that they
       | can stand on their own, and the clean power industry keeps
       | building better systems then capitalism will take care of the
       | transition for us.
       | 
       | [0] https://reason.com/volokh/2022/06/30/supreme-court-
       | rejects-b...
        
       | asdajksah2123 wrote:
       | It's not clear to me if the court has ruled broadly regarding
       | delegation here (we still need experts to read through the entire
       | ruling), but they've clearly indicated that they believe that
       | delegation is not okay with them.
       | 
       | Which basically means that this court will reduce the Federal
       | government to a non-entity very soon, making its functioning
       | absolutely impossible.
       | 
       | That may even be "constitutionally" correct (although no court
       | since the founding of the US has ever found that to be an
       | issue...this is an entirely new creation by a few members of this
       | court), but it makes the US completely incapable of operating in
       | the modern world.
       | 
       | If you thought China taking over Africa because the US govt was
       | distracted by the Middle East (and isolationism) was bad, it's
       | gonna get way worse when US federal agencies will constantly need
       | to check back to see if they even have the power to do anything
       | because the current SC has decided to curtail Federal powers in a
       | way that every court before had absolutely no problem with.
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
         | >>That may even be "constitutionally" correct
         | 
         | This is the entire purpose of SCOTUS. They are not supposed to
         | wade into politics. It is the same beef I have with Powell and
         | his giving in to political demands. There is a reason you have
         | the power and independence you do. It is not to please
         | everyone.
         | 
         | I get that people will disagree, but ends do not justify the
         | means.
        
         | usrn wrote:
         | >If you thought China taking over Africa because the US govt
         | was distracted by the Middle East (and isolationism) was bad
         | 
         | Wait I thought people (especially the left) morally condemned
         | the rush for Africa as well as modern day "neo colonialism."
         | 
         | EDIT: Alright, so I'm getting downvoted. What am I missing?
        
         | turdit wrote:
        
         | rlewkov wrote:
         | An attorney friend of mine summarized it by saying that the
         | Supreme Court said it's OK for the EPA to dictate particular
         | emission levels for power plants but not OK to require a plant
         | to change it's method of power generation.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | Wow... if this is the actual impact, that seems... fair.
           | Yeah, you can regulate pollution levels but not go a step
           | further and regulate the inputs that create pollution, unless
           | that power is vested in you by Congress.
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | So CO2=0 would be legit? That seems against the spirit /
           | motivation of the court at present moment. My third-hand
           | impression was that they ruled that regulating CO2 at all was
           | outside their responsibilities.
        
             | nitsky wrote:
             | The deal is that Congress can delegate administrative
             | authority to agencies like the EPA, but answers to "major
             | questions" must be backed up by legislation. Where is the
             | line? Wherever the Supreme Court decides it is.
        
         | im_down_w_otp wrote:
         | Alternatively, there's always the opportunity to reappropriate
         | Andrew Jackson for the modern era and say, "John Roberts made
         | his decision, now let him enforce it."
         | 
         | Were the country so inclined.
        
           | vintermann wrote:
           | Yes, the ironic thing is that it's not even clear from the US
           | constitution that the court should have the sweeping powers
           | it has, and it certainly hasn't always had them. But like the
           | pope declaring that the pope is infallible, they have decided
           | that they should. And since elected politicians have found it
           | expedient to play along for a long time, now it's not easy
           | for them to go back.
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | I think that we will adapt and Congress just needs to adjust to
         | a hostile Supreme Court and legislate more. People need to
         | vote.
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | Yeah, they're ahead of you on that one. Already zapped the
           | Voting Rights Act and ruled that gerrymandering is legal.
           | They're pretty competent at setting up the doom loop for
           | Democracy - that and cutting taxes for the wealthy.
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | Adapt and overcome. I'm against panic and FUD.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | You know, it occurs to me that pessimism is pretty
               | inherently toxic, but not always wrong, but optimism can
               | have the same quality.
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | I do what I can. I donate to principled and pragmatic
               | political campaigns, I vote, and I encourage others to do
               | the same. I've just heard too much doom and gloom that
               | never turns out as bad in practice as I've been led to
               | believe. c'est la vie. One must cultivate one's own
               | garden.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | I mean, I see the inflation now, I've lived through a
               | climate disaster already (and quite the opposite of what
               | I expected from global warming). I see the financial
               | meltdown, the accelerating costs of living such that most
               | people in my generation are actually poorer (and less
               | healthy) than Boomers or Gen Xers. Also the president
               | nearly had his vice president hanged by a crowd he
               | whipped up. That last one might have had some
               | entertainment value at least, but seems like it came
               | pretty close to gloom and doom, no? Oh yeah, and the
               | plague that apparently wasn't too bad because it only
               | kills your grandparents and apparently they've had their
               | time. And then the rich conservatives trot out their
               | apparatchiks to tell you that actually you're just a
               | sourpuss because your phone is too entertaining and your
               | TV is too big and that's the most condescending part of
               | it all I think. So yeah, not much of an optimist here I
               | suppose.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | vintermann wrote:
           | You think that the court is principled? You think that will
           | work?
           | 
           | A subsidiary of the "just world" hypothesis is what they call
           | in Russia the "just tsar" theory. The theory that the final
           | legal authority, the tsar, is reasonable. He just doesn't
           | know what all his bloodsucking boyars and rampaging Cossacks
           | are doing.
        
         | JohnGB wrote:
         | I'm just dumbfounded by the fact that the US Supreme Court has
         | no term limits, age limits, or reasonable impeachment mechanism
         | for justices that have unethical behaviour or outright lie on
         | their job interview.
         | 
         | The USA is the most "at will employment" country in the world
         | until it comes to the most critical functions of a government.
         | It's absolutely crazy to me.
        
           | gwbrooks wrote:
           | Term limits are possible with a congressional vote; an
           | impeachment process already exists, and the only time it was
           | invoked against a Justice was 1804.
           | 
           | Don't mistake politicians' unwillingness to do something for
           | an inability to do it.
        
           | RhysU wrote:
           | It could have all of those things, however, by act of
           | Congress and/or constitutional amendment.
        
         | throwoutway wrote:
         | Lots of fear mongering here. The federal government has always
         | been intended to have limited powers & courts have not always
         | been pro-federal gov. That's an unreasonable thing to posit.
         | 
         | What does China and Africa have to do with this? The federal
         | government is explicitly given powers of national security &
         | defense & diplomacy. States don't get to have embassies or
         | choose foreign policy.
        
         | bmelton wrote:
         | For more information on the topic, you can look towards
         | previous decisions creating the modern statutory
         | interpretations (that have been pretty much declining in favor
         | since their inception)
         | 
         | The two main cases that framed how much (or little) _deference_
         | the courts should lend in matters of dispute broadly derive
         | from Chevron v NRDC[1] and Auer v Robbins[2]
         | 
         | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevron_U.S.A.,_Inc._v._Nat
         | ura....
         | 
         | [2] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auer_v._Robbins
        
         | bhupy wrote:
         | > it makes the US completely incapable of operating in the
         | modern world.
         | 
         | A less pessimistic outcome is that it forces the US to operate
         | more like the EU, which seems more than capable of operating in
         | the modern world.
         | 
         | Whether that actually happens remains to be seen.
        
         | nostromo wrote:
         | > this court will reduce the Federal government to a non-entity
         | very soon
         | 
         | This is an absurd take. All Congress needs to do is clarify
         | that they'd like the EPA to regulate carbon emissions. That's
         | it. The laws regarding pollution control, many of which date
         | back to the 1950s and 1960s, we're not written with global
         | warming in mind. So the court is saying the EPA needs to get
         | permission from elected officials to regulate carbon.
        
           | evanpw wrote:
           | That's not it at all. All parties agreed that Congress passed
           | a law allowing the EPA to regular carbon emissions by setting
           | emission limits on different types of power plants based on
           | the best current technology available for emission reduction.
           | The disagreement is whether that allows the EPA to set
           | emission limits which are impossible to achieve, with the
           | goal of forcing fossil fuel plants to shut down or subsidize
           | renewable sources.
           | 
           | I encourage all the tech people around here to "read the
           | code":
           | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-1530_n758.pdf
        
           | Arubis wrote:
           | > All Congress needs to do...
           | 
           | And therein lies the problem. We know Congress is too
           | deadlocked to be effective. Does the Court pushing back on
           | them have a shot at getting the legislative branch to do
           | their jobs?
        
             | throwaway09223 wrote:
             | "We know Congress is too deadlocked to be effective."
             | 
             | In areas where there's no consensus, sure. Congress is very
             | effective when the parties align. This is government
             | working as intended.
             | 
             | Not being able to bulldoze opposition is very different
             | from existential destruction, or "becoming a non-entity" as
             | was written above.
             | 
             | The government only taking actions supported by a mandate
             | from the people is an ideal result.
        
             | jonstaab wrote:
             | Deadlock is the point, less is more, worse is better.
        
               | Arubis wrote:
               | I agree that that appears to be the tactic in use.
               | 
               | The Court could choose to act with the knowledge that
               | Legislative won't do things, and so behave as the last
               | bastion of relative non-partisanship across the Federal
               | government by allowing the overall public opinion to
               | influence what cases they choose to hear & their eventual
               | outcomes. That would conflict with the letter description
               | of their job, but arguably be in support of the spirit of
               | the system as a whole.
               | 
               | They're not going to go that route, though, it appears.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | A political supreme court would be a Republican supreme
               | court, presently, meaning this is actually a high point
               | for how happy Democrats should be about textual
               | originalism.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | I don't see a lot of Republicans annoyed by anything the
               | Supreme Court is doing - every decision they've made
               | since repealing Roe seems to favor the right and
               | undermine the left. Trump's list for Supreme Court
               | appointees was written by the Federalist society, which
               | is politically biased in favor of Republicans,
               | libertarians and Christian conservatives.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | The question is whether the precedents established in
               | these cases will be respected and "swing both ways" in
               | practice as they do on paper, or whether the SC will
               | conveniently discover new legal principles to avoid them
               | when, say, the legality of NSA's programs eventually
               | comes up.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | Deadlock is a feature not a bug. You want deadlock because
             | one side or another pushing their agenda against the
             | majority is the road to totalitarianism. If there is a
             | deadlock, should one side of another simply dictate? Of
             | course not.
             | 
             | If Trump ran the executive branch, would you want him
             | pushing through via administrative fiat things that
             | Congress doesn't want? I certainly don't want the EPA
             | making policy -- I want them doing what Congress explicitly
             | tasks then to do. Same for other agencies. It's the Major
             | Questions doctrine.
             | 
             | Congress exists for a reason. The executive branch executes
             | the will of the states and people as indicated by Congress.
             | That's the entire point of Congress.
        
               | tcj_phx wrote:
               | Justice Scalia basically agreed with you: gridlock is
               | essential for protecting minority interests.
               | 
               | > And I hear Americans saying this nowadays, and there's
               | a lot of it going around. They talk about a
               | "dysfunctional government" because there's disagreement.
               | And the Framers would have said, "Yes, that's exactly the
               | way we set it up. We wanted this to be power
               | contradicting power -- because the main ill that beset
               | us" -- as Hamilton said in The Federalist when he talked
               | about a separate Senate -- He said, "Yes, it seems
               | inconvenient, but inasmuch as the main ill that besets us
               | is an excess of legislation, it won't be so bad." This is
               | 1787 -- he didn't know what an excess of legislation was.
               | 
               | > So, unless Americans can appreciate that and learn to
               | love the separation of powers, which means learning to
               | love the gridlock, which the Framers believed would be
               | the main protection of minorities -- the main protection.
               | If a bill is about to pass that really comes down hard on
               | some minority [and] they think it's terribly unfair, it
               | doesn't take much to throw a monkey wrench into this
               | complex system.
               | 
               | > So, Americans should appreciate that and they should
               | learn to love the gridlock. It's there for a reason -- so
               | that the legislation that gets out will be good
               | legislation.
               | 
               | https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/antoninscaliaam
               | eri...
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ggz_gd--UO0
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | There is a difference between a system working as
               | _intended_ , and a system working _well_. Given that the
               | US constitution is now 230+ years old, we are seeing a
               | huge divergence between the two.
               | 
               | The deadlock may be intentional, but it cannot be said
               | that this is a desirable mode of operation when comparing
               | to other countries that have much more effective
               | governance and healthier societies.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | You may claim an old constitution is a problem - I see it
               | as a reason for optimism.
               | 
               | The US is the world's oldest democracy in no small part
               | because of that document.
        
             | nitsky wrote:
             | Conservatives love deadlock, it means the federal
             | government does less, and power remains at the local level.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | It means power remains at the corporate level.
        
               | citilife wrote:
               | To be fair, the states are effectively countries that
               | have joined a federation (similar to the EU). The power
               | is supposed to be primarily at the local level, the
               | federations primary goal is collective bargaining and
               | protection.
               | 
               | Pollution may make sense to regular here, but the states
               | / federation needs to have a large majority agree (>60%).
               | You can't have an unelected group of bureaucrats from the
               | EPA dictating that a large number of states can't make
               | money, for instance.
        
             | nostromo wrote:
             | > We know Congress is too deadlocked to be effective.
             | 
             | This just isn't true. Congress continues to pass thousands
             | of laws a year, in line with their historical trends.
             | 
             | https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/statistics
             | 
             | Congress is only too deadlocked to be effective on issues
             | that the American people are divided on. And that's
             | basically the point of democracy.
             | 
             | I'm sorry to say that if you want a different set of laws,
             | then you'll need to do the hard work of talking to other
             | voters and convincing them you're right.
        
             | res0nat0r wrote:
             | The entire point was to kick this to Congress, which they
             | know can't pass anything, thus achieving their entire goal
             | of allowing companies to pollute and do whatever they want
             | to make an additional buck.
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | I see it more as a fundamental perspective that we need
               | to _give Congress a kick_ , which is might be
               | excruciatingly ineffective right now, but we cannot
               | continue with the expectation that our Federal
               | legislature is too incompetent or disincentivized to do
               | their jobs.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | This tendency of people to attribute the worst possible
               | motives to their political opponents is tiring.
               | 
               | I live in a deeply conservative state, but I spend most
               | of my online time on HN. This puts me in the middle of
               | two _vastly_ different cultures with _vastly_ different
               | sets of values. I have listened to both sides explain
               | their sincerely held views. I have listened to both sides
               | talk about the other side.
               | 
               | Each group will tell me "but those other guys are evil
               | and only want to ____!" Each group then explains their
               | own views, and you know what? Each group's views are
               | rational. Each group's views are compassionate. Both
               | groups _really believe_ that they want what 's best for
               | the world, and neither group has thought through their
               | ideas better than the other. Both have severe flaws in
               | their reasoning, but both also really care.
               | 
               | In a word: both groups are human.
               | 
               | I think it would do us all good to assume that most
               | people are acting out of sincerely held beliefs, and that
               | most people really do want to do good. I know there are
               | exceptions, but the world would be a better place if we
               | didn't treat those exceptions as though they were the
               | rule.
        
               | res0nat0r wrote:
               | There is absolutely *zero* reason to rule that the EPA,
               | which has existed since the 70's has no authority to
               | regulate the environment. None.
               | 
               | I'm attributing the worst to these people, because we
               | know who they are. They want the government to have no
               | ability to at all to put any restrictions on capital at
               | all costs. They're simply doing it now because they have
               | the raw power to do so.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | I've commented elsewhere on the reasons why the Supreme
               | Court might rule the way they did. If you're sincerely
               | curious, feel free to look at my other comments.
               | 
               | Here, I'll just observe that you're doing it again:
               | you're projecting the worst possible motive on someone
               | else's decision without giving due consideration to _why
               | else_ they might believe differently than you.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | If the authorization of the EPA was to "regulate the
               | environment" then there is nothing they couldn't do.
               | 
               | The EPA was largely create to regulate pollutants based
               | on laws written in the 1950s and 60s. It's not at all
               | clear that the original lawmakers would consider carbon a
               | pollutant -- it's something you and I are exhaling right
               | at this moment.
               | 
               | So saying that the EPA needs authorization to regulate
               | emissions that can cause climate change seems reasonable
               | to me.
        
           | waffleiron wrote:
           | > All Congress needs to do is clarify that they'd like the
           | EPA to regulate carbon emissions
           | 
           | That is one interpretation. The dissenting opinion of Kagan
           | argues that carbon emissions are covered due to Section
           | 111(d), as this covers all pollutants.
        
           | Supermancho wrote:
           | > > this court will reduce the Federal government to a non-
           | entity very soon
           | 
           | > This is an absurd take.
           | 
           | Indeed, OP overstated the reality. If the SC rules all day
           | every day to reduce federal power, it would never be able to
           | keep up with Federal power expansion.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | Yes. The US Fed Govt was never intended to have unlimited and
         | arbitrary power, but POTUS candidates make big promises they
         | don't really have the power to deliver and try anyway. Right
         | now it still has power very very close to that because even
         | once a mook is elected and finds out he can't really say, _run
         | the economy_ , he'll still end up expanding the power of his
         | branch of government falling short of the goal.
         | 
         | The path forward is clear for every single political ideology
         | working within the legal Constitutional framework of the United
         | States: get popular support, build a _political_ coalition and
         | then _pass laws_. Anything that tries to take shortcuts around
         | that process deserves the axe.
        
         | nitsky wrote:
         | > That may even be "constitutionally" correct... but it makes
         | the US completely incapable of operating in the modern world.
         | 
         | The Constitution was designed to be amended to adapt to a
         | changing world. Let's amend it! However, it is the role of the
         | Supreme Court to apply what the Constitution DOES say, not
         | decide what it SHOULD say.
        
           | rpearl wrote:
           | how exactly do you propose finding the political will
           | necessary to amend it?
        
             | midislack wrote:
             | Let's not. Why would we? This is a victory for the little
             | guy.
             | 
             | EDIT: downvoting me isn't going to save administrative
             | courts and rule making.
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | The political will is fairly easy in terms of broad
             | democratic support, but following the rules as they're
             | currently set out, which gives small groups outsized power
             | makes it hard.
             | 
             | I'm not sure confusing those two things is helpful though.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | > let's amend it!
           | 
           | Lol good luck with that. Zero chance 3/4 of the states agree
           | on literally anything. The culture wars are in full swing,
           | owning the other side is more important than being effective.
        
             | nitsky wrote:
             | Alternatively, a simple majority in Congress could enact
             | the regulations that were deemed not enforceable by the EPA
             | alone. If a majority in Congress won't authorize it, should
             | they be enacted? I guess it depends on your level of
             | commitment to democracy as an ideal.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | A majority in congress isn't enough to pass regulatory
               | laws. You need 60 votes unless you've got 50 willing to
               | overturn the filibuster.
        
             | happythebob wrote:
             | You seem to think this is a both side's issue. Putin has a
             | few bridges to sell you.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | How is it culture wars when one side does not want to
             | regulate pollution?
        
               | briandear wrote:
               | Defining CO2 as a pollutant is a problem for me.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | Before CO2, you had pollutants like NOx, which were toxic
               | pollutants, and CFCs, which were pollutants but not
               | toxic. CFCs were considered pollutants because they
               | damaged the Earth in a way that would have a negative
               | impact on human health, but non-toxic because their harm
               | was not directly effected on the human body. CO2 would be
               | the kind of pollutant that CFCs are. (CFCs are toxic in
               | high concentrations, but the mechanism of their harm when
               | released into the environment is not toxicity.)
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | By what possible definition is CO2 _not_ a pollutant?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The topic is not defining CO2 as a pollutant.
               | 
               | The topic is about controlling proportions of different
               | molecules in the environment to maintain a preferable
               | quality of life for citizens of the world.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | Good. If we can't agree, then we shouldn't do it. We are a
             | republic. Every state should have a say.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Then we can't do anything. Personally I don't think never
               | doing anything is a path to success.
        
             | kens wrote:
             | The last amendment to the constitution was in 1992, so
             | amendments aren't impossible. The story behind the 27th
             | amendment is pretty amusing. An undergrad student wrote a
             | paper saying that the proposed amendment was still live and
             | could be ratified even though it had been proposed in 1789
             | and not passed, but got a C grade on the paper since his TA
             | disagreed. Annoyed by this, the student started a letter-
             | writing campaign which eventually succeeded in getting the
             | constitutional amendment passed. Years later, his grade was
             | changed to an A to recognize that he had been right.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-
             | seventh_Amendment_to_th...
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | The political outlook has changed a lot since 92. Newt
               | Gingrich was not yet speaker at that point, the
               | republicans strategy of "never agree to anything
               | democrats propose no matter what" was just getting
               | started. I suspect passing that amendment would be much
               | more difficult today.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | Amendments to the constitution need adults in congress
               | and the senate, not what we have today
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | >> let's amend it!
             | 
             | > Lol good luck with that. Zero chance 3/4 of the states
             | agree on literally anything. The culture wars are in full
             | swing, owning the other side is more important than being
             | effective.
             | 
             | The problem is that a lot of people want to use amendments
             | to force non-consensus policy preferences on the whole
             | country. For many decades, it seems like Supreme Court
             | decisions have frequently been serving as the
             | constitutional amendments those people want in all but
             | name.
        
           | kilroy123 wrote:
           | Agreed. Wasn't that the original intention? That it would be
           | a living document that changes and grows as time goes on?
           | 
           | Sadly, it seems near impossible to get consensus to change it
           | now.
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | There's two mechanisms to keep the constitution alive,
             | amendments and rulings.
             | 
             | It's both normal and necessary for judges to consider the
             | complexities and competing interests in cases to determine
             | how the law should be applied. The constitution does not
             | need to enumerate every single right for the court. See the
             | 9th amendment, it specifically says that.
             | 
             | It's best to think of the constitution as a framework for
             | how to think of our rights.
        
           | falcolas wrote:
           | Why, then, has no previous SC viewed its role in this way?
           | 
           | Courts have historically always considered the intent of law
           | (constitution) in addition to the word of law (constitution).
           | Why isn't this one?
           | 
           | It feels like this SC intends to use pedantry to hobble the
           | federal government. But... why? Because they can?
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Have you read the decision? I haven't read the whole thing,
             | but it consistently talks about what Congress intended to
             | do. Here's a relevant extract, in which the EPA itself
             | acknowledges that to the extent Congress expressed intent,
             | it went _against_ the EPA 's rulemaking:
             | 
             | > EPA argued that under the major questions of doctrine, a
             | clear statement was necessary to conclude that Congress
             | intended to delegate authority "of this breadth to regulate
             | a fundamental sector of the economy." It found none.
             | "Indeed," it concluded, given the text and structure of the
             | statute, "Congress has directly spoken to this precise
             | question and precluded" the use of measures such as
             | generation shifting.
             | 
             | The problem here is that what most people here _wish_
             | Congress intended to do isn 't what Congress actually
             | intended to do, because they couldn't build the political
             | will to do it. I'm sympathetic to that view, but it's not
             | the Supreme Court's job to fix Congress's deadlock.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | Have you read the dissent? it has clear legal answers to
               | the questions being asked, including how the supreme
               | court is ruling against non-existent policy as a
               | political statement. The EPA guidance quoted exists
               | because the EPA decided to move in a different direction
               | before ever applying the Clean Power Plan.
               | 
               | How does issuing preemptive and overly broad rulings
               | against regulatory action that doesn't exist align with
               | SCOTUS "just doing their job" as many people are
               | asserting?
        
             | bmelton wrote:
             | It largely had been up until 1984, when Chevron v NRDC was
             | decided in a way that yielded a _deference_ that previously
             | didn't exist in determining the scope of executive branch
             | delegation authority via statutory interpretation - e.g.,
             | "Can the agency I've tasked with regulating John also
             | regulate the Boy Scouts of America, of which John is a
             | member?" and "If a regulatory agency can regulate John, can
             | it determine for itself that it may also regulate John's
             | best friend Janet just by reinterpreting the statute for
             | itself without input by the executive or congressional
             | branches?"
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | The intent of the EPA is to regulate things that
               | negatively impact the environment. To use your analogies,
               | the EPA can by the word of law regulate John, and by the
               | intent of law should be able to regulate BSA and Janet if
               | they are operating in ways that negatively impact the
               | environment.
               | 
               | If you limit an entity to only ever operate by the word
               | and not the intent of law, then it's trivial for
               | malicious (more accurately greedy) actors to skirt
               | regulation, because the government will never be able to
               | keep up with the exploitation of loopholes.
               | 
               | Kind of like how the IRS can tax bitcoins, despite
               | cryptocurrencies not being explicitly written into the
               | constitution or tax laws.
        
               | briandear wrote:
               | > Kind of like how the IRS can tax bitcoins, despite
               | cryptocurrencies not being explicitly written into the
               | constitution or tax laws.
               | 
               | Nope. The IRS could always tax assets. And bitcoin is
               | another form of asset.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | And what legally labeled a bitcoin as an asset? There's
               | enough wiggle room that someone, somewhere had to make a
               | call, and I doubt it was congress.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | That's not how it works. The IRS can tax profits earned
               | from transactions in any medium of exchange (bitcoin or
               | anything else) because Congress has specifically granted
               | them that statutory authority. The EPA does not have
               | blanket authority to regulate anything that might happen
               | to negatively impact the environment. Congress could give
               | them that authority, but has chosen not to do so.
        
             | tcmart14 wrote:
             | Because we are now at the point where we can just make shit
             | up as we go along and anyone who can string together 3
             | words has a coherent argument for whatever they want.
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | Because it's a way to fit their world view. Don't expect
             | consistency, this will be done per topic.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | It isn't hobbling the federal government. It's
             | strengthening it by giving powers to Congress and the
             | states where it belongs. It's hobbling the executive branch
             | to prevent them from ignoring the will of the people via
             | Congress.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | Highly personal opinion:
               | 
               | Congress is no more respecting the will of the people
               | than the executive branch, nor the Supreme Court.
               | 
               | They're all respecting their own opinions, followed only
               | by the will of the lobbyists.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | The problem is that pollution easily becomes someone
               | else's problem. If Wisconsin decides that Lake Michigan
               | should be it's dumping ground, what recourse is there for
               | Illinois, Indiana, or Michigan if there can be no federal
               | oversight? Inter-state war is not really something I look
               | forward to.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
        
           | fassssst wrote:
           | The whole system was designed so wealthy landowners could
           | maintain max power while keeping people complacent. It's as
           | evident as ever.
        
           | yladiz wrote:
           | However, even if you read the Constitution and attempt to do
           | apply what it "does say", you still need to interpret it,
           | which is often ambiguous.
        
             | nitsky wrote:
             | Yes, it's ambiguous and there are no good answers.
             | Conservative justices say "unless the Constitution says it
             | plainly, it's a no". Liberal justices say, "even if the
             | Constitution doesn't say it plainly, they kinda imply it,
             | so it's a yes".
        
               | kemayo wrote:
               | I do find it amusing (-ly hypocritical) that the big
               | exception to this conservative position is the role of
               | the Supreme Court itself. The entire concept of "judicial
               | review" which is being employed here to _allow_ the
               | justices to strike down laws which they feel are outside
               | the constitution is, famously, not a thing explicitly
               | described in the constitution. Rather it 's the very
               | height of "well, it kinda implies we can do that".
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison
        
           | cloverich wrote:
           | That's one of those things that is technically true but
           | sweeps a lot of the practicalities under the rug. The
           | constitution was not designed to be changed, it was designed
           | to be VERY DIFFICULT to change. That has important
           | implications when the court suddenly changes or repeals
           | numerous rulings about it all at once. It will take years or
           | decades to adapt.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | The very constitution that all but guarantees a 50.1/49.9
             | split in just about every election.
        
           | vintermann wrote:
           | The role of the court is whatever the hell it pleases. It is
           | the court which gets the final word on what they should be.
           | 
           | They do write opinions, but they might as well not since they
           | answer to no one. No one can hold them accountable for
           | blatantly contradicting themselves.
           | 
           | They can very theoretically be impeached, but that's a 100%
           | political process - it's equally (im)possible whether they're
           | "fulfilling their role" or not.
           | 
           | It's not a very smart system. I'm hoping Americans start
           | questioning some of those patriotic pieties they're taught in
           | their civics classes as a result of the mask-dropping that's
           | happened lately.
        
             | dawnerd wrote:
             | They can be checked but that's require an amendment
             | which... yeah good luck. We can't even get bipartisan bills
             | through.
        
             | bdowling wrote:
             | > No one can hold them accountable for blatantly
             | contradicting themselves.
             | 
             | The democratically elected Congress can pass new laws to
             | overrule most SCOTUS decisions. A few decisions on
             | constitutionality would require an amendment, but those are
             | the exception.
        
             | nescioquid wrote:
             | > The role of the court is whatever the hell it pleases.
             | 
             | Sort of seems like it. It was only in the early 19th
             | century that the Supreme Court gave itself a) the power of
             | legislative review, and b) declared itself the supreme
             | interpreter of the constitution.
             | 
             | Since we've been busy upending precedent, why not upend
             | these two precedents as well?
             | 
             | > They can very theoretically be impeached
             | 
             | In the past, one SC justice resigned under the threat of
             | impeachment over his financial conflict of interest. At
             | least one of our justices has been in violation of ethics
             | rules around financial (and political) conflicts of
             | interest. Several other have lied under oath at their
             | confirmation hearings. I'd at least like to see Congress
             | open some investigations as the first step towards
             | impeachment.
             | 
             | But you're right, it _is_ a political process, and I think
             | the democrats are more than happy to simply fundraise off
             | of this rather than exercising any check at all.
        
       | Ekaros wrote:
       | Seems like they are really working towards democracy. Making them
       | actually make the laws.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | They are limiting the ability of the government to make and
         | enforce laws. The EPA is created with Congressional authority
         | and is empowered to act on their behalf.
         | 
         | Castrating the federal government will have negative
         | repercussions. If the federal government doesn't have the power
         | to control the states, then why bother having one?
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | They do, they just need to make laws that EPA can enforce.
           | Not let EPA to act on its own. Isn't everyone always talking
           | about unelected burecrauts going against the will of the
           | people?
        
             | timeon wrote:
             | > Isn't everyone always talking about unelected burecrauts
             | going against the will of the people?
             | 
             | populists are not 'everyone'
        
             | outsidetheparty wrote:
             | Not everyone. The phrase "unelected bureaucrats" is almost
             | exclusively a Republican talking point in US politics, used
             | when they want deregulation of exactly this sort.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | It's the usual attack on anyone who isn't in power at the
               | particular moment.
               | 
               | For example, I am hearing a awful lot of complaints about
               | un-elected judges this week.
        
               | outsidetheparty wrote:
               | It's really not that at all. It's a very one-sided
               | talking point, if you're hearing it a lot that simply
               | demonstrates which media bubble you're in.
               | 
               | Search for the phrase "unelected judges": the results are
               | all right-wing sources, literally starting with the
               | Heritage foundation and Daniel Horowitz.
               | 
               | Over here in my media bubble I'm hearing a lot of
               | complaints about judges who borderline perjured
               | themselves in their confirmation hearings, "activist
               | judges" (also a Republican talking point, now being used
               | by Democrats to point out the hypocrisy of that talking
               | point being used when the Heritage Foundation exists),
               | "theocrats", and "destroying stare decisis".
               | 
               | "Unelected" doesn't enter into it, because of course
               | judges _shouldn 't_ be elected, the whole point of the
               | judicial system was supposed to be for them to be
               | insulated from politics and focus on the law.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | https://www.reddit.com/search/?q=unelected%20judge
        
               | outsidetheparty wrote:
               | Yes, thank you for demonstrating precisely my point!
               | 
               | The results are r/shitliberalssay, r/conservative,
               | multiple quotes from FOX News, r/roevwadecelebration,
               | r/conservative, r/deplatformed_ (a pro-Trump QAnon crank)
               | and Donald Trump himself.... One single story using the
               | phrase in reference to the Dobbs decision was posted to a
               | handful of leftwing subreddits seven months ago;
               | otherwise it's almost exclusively right-wingers using the
               | phrase.
        
               | InTheArena wrote:
               | We must be getting different search results, because I
               | saw /r/liberal, /r/shitredditsays, /r/news, r/inthenews
               | 
               | But maybe our bubbles might be reversed.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | When people complain about unelected bureaucrats, what they
             | actually mean is that they are unhappy that the executive
             | is doing its job, while the legislature, which has the
             | power to change the direction of the executive, is choosing
             | not to change that direction.
             | 
             | Its some weird Schroedinger's legislature, where it is
             | legally empowered to direct the executive, it chooses not
             | to, and somehow, that choice is the executive's fault, and
             | we need an activist judge to rescue us from it. Instead, of
             | the normal process of 'if the legislature is unhappy with
             | the direction of the executive, _it could just issue a
             | course-correction by passing a law_ '.
             | 
             | The republicans know they can't pass that law right now, so
             | they are using the courts to avoid having to pass it. Then
             | they'll seize control of the legislature in the midterms,
             | and they won't need to pass it. The beauty of having a
             | stacked court, is that you can sit around and do nothing,
             | and not have to write any unpopular legislature, while you
             | sit around and lay all the blame for any consequences of
             | bad governance on appointed-for-life judges.
        
           | ejb999 wrote:
           | >>They are limiting the ability of the government to make and
           | enforce laws.
           | 
           | They are in fact doing the exact opposite - telling elected
           | officials that you need to make and enforce laws - not give
           | that responsibility to someone else.
           | 
           | Do you think the IRS should be able to set tax rates? then
           | how is this different?
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | Congress passed a law to delegate their power and authority
             | to the EPA.
             | 
             | If Congress made a law that the IRS should have the power
             | to set tax rates, then I'd be fine with them being able to
             | set tax rates. Because I think that Congress should have
             | the power to delegate a portion of their power, should they
             | choose to.
             | 
             | This is a weird, and frankly idiotic ruling. Regulations
             | are too complicated and numerous for Congress to decide on
             | every single one. Have you ever read one? They go into
             | excruciating detail about everything because they are
             | written by experts. The best case outcome from this is that
             | the new rules from agencies get tossed into some existing
             | process so that they are rubber stamped, thus adding red
             | tape.
        
           | the_doctah wrote:
           | What's the point of states?
        
         | colmmacc wrote:
         | I've lived here in the US for 12 years and recently became a US
         | Citizen. Coming from Ireland, to me the US is quite far from a
         | functioning democracy. The democratic will of the people is not
         | reflected in the make-up of congress, the courts, or three
         | times in my lifetime - the Presidency (Clinton, W. Bush, and
         | Trump were each elected by popular minorities).
         | 
         | Much of this is a result of the court's rulings (very directly
         | in the case of Bush!), entrenching gerrymandering and making it
         | harder and harder to remove the massively corrupting bribery
         | for access that fuels the political system.
         | 
         | Deferring administrative decisions to congress is not a recipe
         | for more democracy, but for more gridlock, and it hands a
         | historically and internationally extremist faction the
         | political victories they want anyway. It will generate
         | Republican outcomes even from Democratic Party executives and
         | congresses (like the current one).
         | 
         | That's not democracy.
        
       | Sporktacular wrote:
       | Bastards. This will neuter the US administration's ability to
       | form international treaties and create pressure abroad, in
       | addition to domestically. An environment increasingly unable to
       | support life itself, but let's all take comfort knowing that this
       | may lead to 4% of the planet having more deliberately worded
       | laws.
       | 
       | As Chomsky said, the US Republican party is the most dangerous
       | organisation in history. Congress has been captured and they
       | won't undo this.
       | 
       | This might become one the most significant stories we'll read in
       | our lifetimes.
        
       | DonnyV wrote:
       | These disruptive rulings are making the Supreme Court irrelevant
       | and dangerous to running of the country. They will push people to
       | destroy it and rebuild it into something completely different.
        
       | clukic wrote:
       | The EPA was created to empower experts to make informed decisions
       | with the goal of benefiting the public good. The science of
       | regulating pollutants is hard, and neither our representatives
       | nor the voters who elect them and ultimately hold them
       | accountable should be expected to develop that expertise.
       | 
       | The vested interests who benefit from the fossil fuel industry
       | control the flow of information to our representatives through
       | lobbyists, and to the public through advertising. Panels of
       | experts in their field are harder to influence.
        
         | InTheArena wrote:
         | So pass a law, giving them more power to regulate things that
         | you previously didn't give them power to do.
         | 
         | Don't throw out democracy to do so.
        
           | iostream24 wrote:
           | Congress granted the EPA power to address this, that the
           | Supreme Court has now taken away in their extremely partisan
           | fashion.
        
             | InTheArena wrote:
             | Except they didn't. It doesn't include in the language. Did
             | you read the opinion?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Splendor wrote:
       | It's interesting how this court consistently rules to limit the
       | power of government when it is acting against corporations but
       | happily expands the power of government when it is being wielded
       | against people.
        
       | marmada wrote:
       | People use idealism to justify decisions that would only be
       | useful in an ideal world, but are terrifying in the real world.
       | This comment thread is a good case study.
       | 
       | Sure, maybe, in an ideal world we want congress to pass laws in
       | the place of every single regulatory body. (This in and of itself
       | is totally unclear to me).
       | 
       | However, the reality is that by getting rid of regulatory
       | agencies we prevent important limits from being enforced.
       | 
       | I mean, read this part of the dissent: > Again, Section 111(d)
       | tells EPA that when a pollutant--like carbon dioxide--is not
       | regulated through other programs, EPA must undertake a further
       | regulatory effort to control that substance's emission from
       | existing stationary sources.
       | 
       | There's a backstop in place to allow the EPA to prevent
       | pollutants from fucking us up. Ideally it would be regulated
       | through a formal program. It's not. Does that mean we should just
       | get rid of all backstops & regress to the stone age?
        
       | vuciv1 wrote:
       | Of course, this will come off as reactionary, but I gotta say it.
       | 
       | I don't understand the logic behind the Supreme Court. How can
       | such a tiny group of people, until the day they die, that weren't
       | appointed by the people, make decisions that affect all of human
       | society?
       | 
       | Seems so anti-democratic to me.
        
       | macinjosh wrote:
        
         | k8sToGo wrote:
         | Is this sarcasm?
        
         | Faaak wrote:
         | I don't think you'll thank "low energy costs" when your house
         | will be under water
        
       | ohboii20202 wrote:
       | It's time to de-sanctify the Supreme Court.
       | 
       | I really don't like having this unelected councils of wizards who
       | get wield god-like "authority"-- it feels a bit gross in a
       | democracy.
       | 
       | I 'get it' w/ respect BrownvBoard, Miranda, etc, but at least in
       | my lifetime the court hasn't done much to expand or protect my
       | rights. Greatest hits from them are weird election cases (Florida
       | 2000) making it easier for really shadowy/fucked organizations to
       | plow $$$ into elections.
       | 
       | If these folks are indeed just umpires & good old legal
       | "scholars" who are there to call balls & strikes, why are
       | hundreds of millions dollars spent promoting + grooming these
       | individuals?
       | 
       | Going forward I'm very much in favor of subtle "judicial
       | humiliation"-- across the board de-sanctify this institution
       | 
       | Step 0-- make 'em take C-SPAN cameras
        
         | arjas-mva wrote:
         | > gross in a democracy.
         | 
         | It is happening at the state level too. In Wisconsin, the
         | gerrymandered (google it for background on Wisconsin)
         | legislature has chosen to not conduct hearings on governor
         | appointees, with the result that holdovers from prior
         | administrations can remain in office indefinitely.
         | 
         | ""(T)he expiration of Prehn's term on the DNR Board does not
         | create a vacancy. Prehn lawfully retains his position on the
         | DNR Board as a holdover," wrote Chief Justice Annette Ziegler
         | for the majority. "Therefore, the Governor cannot make a
         | provisional appointment to replace Prehn." [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-supreme-court-rules-former-
         | hea...
        
         | InTheArena wrote:
         | Add to that list - Ferguson, Korematsu, Dredd Scott. You can
         | keep going.
         | 
         | Ironically, I think you are agreeing with the court right now -
         | They don't want the power that the court has previously taken.
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | "I really don't like having this unelected councils of wizards
         | who get wield god-like "authority"-- it feels a bit gross in a
         | democracy."
         | 
         | So you feel the Cabinet posts should also be elected positions?
        
           | InTheArena wrote:
           | YES.
           | 
           | Start with the Secretary of the Treasury and move on to the
           | Secretary of Defense and HHS.
           | 
           | The sooner the better.
        
         | kelseyfrog wrote:
         | Overturn Marbury vs Madison.
        
         | ejb999 wrote:
         | >>I really don't like having this unelected councils of wizards
         | who get wield god-like "authority"
         | 
         | but you are OK with the 'unelected council of wizards' at the
         | EPA wielding their god-like authority instead?
        
           | taylodl wrote:
           | Congress delegated their authority to the EPA. Congress is
           | empowered to retain that authority and they're empowered to
           | overrule any EPA regulation they disagree with. Congress
           | retains all the power.
           | 
           | When it comes to the Supreme Court - that's it. Congress
           | can't do anything about Supreme Court rulings. Your
           | comparison of the EPA to the Supreme Court is misguided.
        
             | extheat wrote:
             | Congress can't just say "do whatever you want to fix X
             | problem". They have to be explicit with what powers they
             | delegate to the executive branch and what they are
             | permitted to do. Otherwise the law is plain
             | unconstitutional since breaks the fundamental separation of
             | powers. The purpose of SCOTUS is not to decide cases based
             | on the desired outcome. It's to decide based on what the
             | law actually says, not what it should say.
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | >>Congress can't do anything about Supreme Court rulings.
             | 
             | Actually, they can, that is the whole point - congress has
             | the power to pass laws - SC does not. That is exactly what
             | the SC just told congress to do - their job.
        
               | taylodl wrote:
               | If Congress is adhering to their oath and acting in good
               | faith then they may not pass laws that violate the
               | Constitution. The Supreme Court determines what the
               | Constitution does or doesn't say, which impacts the laws
               | Congress may or may not pass. Putting this together we
               | conclude Congress can't do anything about Supreme Court
               | rulings.
        
           | arjas-mva wrote:
           | This is an incorrect summary of the EPA. The EPA can only act
           | according to laws passed by Congress, which is an elected
           | body. [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental
           | _Pr...
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | If it's backed by scientific consensus? absolutely.
        
       | qalmakka wrote:
       | The fact that people can't see that the conservatives are
       | basically advocating worldwide for short term economic growth in
       | exchange for basically our future is appalling to me.
       | 
       | I am afraid we will see an immense amount of instability,
       | increased poverty, mass migrations and authoritarian regimes
       | rising up due to the fact that we couldn't manage to convince
       | people that those parties do not care about them.
       | 
       | In a previous post I wrote that conservatives everywhere use
       | moral issues to make people enraged in order to get vote, and in
       | exchange to that they use their power to help the rich get
       | richer. This is exactly what I was talking about. Those
       | Conservative judges were appointed by a President elected by
       | people that rallied behind him hoping to see Roe overturned, and
       | in exchange for that they also gave them a free pass to alter the
       | US political system in a way that is favourable to the Republican
       | party, i.e. the party of big industry and capital.
       | 
       | This is also another small hint that "countries" are a stupid
       | concept - we must stop to pretend that a single country is an
       | island, everything has consequences that irradiate and reflect on
       | the rest of the world, and it's stupid to think everyone can be a
       | ruler of its own tiny spot of our planet.
       | 
       | Countries are like homes, but they aren't cottages in the middle
       | of nowhere, they are flats - if you set your own house on fire,
       | everyone will suffer, everyone will lose something, if not
       | everything.
       | 
       | "$countryname first!" and Nationalism in all its forms is
       | basically just a more general form of Fascism.
        
         | User23 wrote:
         | I'm not a conservative, but this ruling is good because it's
         | interpreting the law as written, which is the only fair way to
         | apply it. Reducing the politicalization of the courts by
         | getting judges away from ruling based on their desired policy
         | rather than the law is probably insufficient, but it's
         | necessary to maintain general confidence in the system over
         | time.
         | 
         | If you want policy changes to handle whatever real or imaginary
         | threats you believe you face, then the correct way to deal with
         | that is through the elected branches. They are the ones meant
         | to make policy.
        
           | sdenton4 wrote:
           | ...said the unelected supreme court, as it enacted sweeping
           | policy changes over the course of two weeks.
        
           | Clent wrote:
           | No it's not. Anyone can interpret anything as anything else,
           | this is proven over and over throughout history.
           | 
           | This supreme court has been stomping the other branches of
           | government.
           | 
           | Congress created the EPA. If they don't like what they
           | created, it's on them to fix it.
        
             | NeonVice wrote:
             | Congress created the EPA, but the court ruled that some
             | regulations were outside of their charter. Congress can fix
             | it by updating the EPA charter.
        
               | Clent wrote:
               | The court should have stayed out of it. At most they
               | should press congress to clarify the charter.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | I interpret your comment to mean you agree with this
             | decision.
             | 
             | ...yeah no, obviously not. The law has meaning and that
             | meaning is stable. Words mean things. If you are stuck in
             | "Anyone can interpret anything as anything else" land you
             | have fallen prey to being too clever.
        
             | User23 wrote:
             | > Anyone can interpret anything as anything else, this is
             | proven over and over throughout history.
             | "When I use a word," Humpty Dumpty said in rather a
             | scornful tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean--
             | neither more nor less."            "The question is," said
             | Alice, "whether you can make words mean so many different
             | things."            "The question is," said Humpty Dumpty,
             | "which is to be master--that's all."
             | 
             | I suppose that may be a workable political system, but I'm
             | not certain it will produce outcomes anyone will like.
        
             | tristor wrote:
             | You are oversimplifying. Generally speaking, most of the
             | work of SCOTUS is reigning in the Executive because of
             | overzealous regulators. The US regulatory framework is
             | theoretically designed to be based in law, made by the
             | legislature, not the whims of unelected bureaucracy.
             | 
             | Congress delegating it's power is suspect at best, and
             | likely unconstitutional entirely (something something, War
             | Powers Act). Congress created the EPA through the power of
             | the purse, but it's operated by the Executive, and
             | therefore is not and should not be empowered to
             | unilaterally create regulations with the force of law.
             | Making law is Congress' job.
        
               | User23 wrote:
               | I agree and the executive branch has at least two major
               | roles in the constitutional law-making process. First is
               | the presidential veto, and second the Vice President in
               | his or her office of President of the Senate can vote on
               | bills from time to time.
        
         | dionian wrote:
         | cool well if you have the votes then pass a law, and btw, BRICS
         | will take over economically and keep pumping gases into the
         | atmosphere the whole time
        
         | ohCh6zos wrote:
         | If nationalism is a more general form of fascism, are all, or
         | almost all governments prior to the modern era fascist?
        
           | kar5pt wrote:
           | Nationalism is very specific to the modern era. It didn't
           | really exist before the French Revolution. So no.
           | 
           | Unless that was a typo and you mean to write "after the
           | modern era"
        
             | osullivj wrote:
             | From Shakespeare's Henry V, circa 1599...
             | 
             | Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or
             | close the wall up with our English dead. Cry 'God for
             | Harry, England, and Saint George! '
             | 
             | Res ipsa loquitor...
        
             | ohCh6zos wrote:
             | You're right, I wasn't careful enough typing.
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | There's something to be said for rules and policy being
           | adapted to a locale. What's right for people in one region
           | might not work for some in another. You'll get a tyranny of
           | the majority in much of your life the broader you go away
           | from local governance. I agree there's benefit to have
           | federal and international rules and policy but it's more
           | nuanced than just saying sentiments for keeping power at a
           | national level are fascist.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | scifibestfi wrote:
         | This sounds like GPT-3 trained on partisan talking points. If
         | it's not, isn't it weird that you didn't notice that Democrats
         | keep promising to codify Roe but never do? They had 40 years!!
         | If they solved the problem, they wouldn't have that to campaign
         | on and raise money with. Keep people enraged to get their vote.
         | You're spot on about that, but it's how both parties operate.
         | Never solve the problem so it'll be there next cycle.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | Roe v Wade becomes codified, abortion becomes legal in all 50
           | states, immediately there is a lawsuit, they appeal to the
           | supreme court, supreme court chooses to hear the case,
           | supreme court repeals the codified Roe v. Wade.
           | 
           | IANAL but how does codifying Roe v Wade change this?
        
             | brodouevencode wrote:
             | By codified I think most people refer to it being enshrined
             | into the Constitution.
        
             | openasocket wrote:
             | The decision made by the Supreme Court was that abortion
             | was not a constitutionally-protected right, I doubt they
             | would hold that allowing abortion was somehow
             | unconstitutional. If that's what they wanted they would
             | have gone ahead and declared that in their recent ruling.
             | Instead they explicitly stated this is a matter for the
             | legislature to decide.
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | Ahhh gotcha. Subtle but important difference. I think
               | that I agree then.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | Yep. Wedge issues. I'm glad the SC is trying to force
           | congress to do its job. If only someone would do something
           | about executive orders, we may make some real progress.
        
             | xpe wrote:
             | You sound very naive.
             | 
             | There is a long history and philosophy around the proper
             | roles and relationships of a legislature and court such as
             | SCOTUS. The current Court could claim to make decisions
             | upon a strict originalist philosophy of jurisprudence.
             | Maybe they think they do, and maybe they really do. But...
             | 
             | Take an open-eyed look at history. Look at the process by
             | which the justices are selected. This shows a different
             | ultimate motivator: conservatives have been working for
             | decades to pick justices whose claimed philosophies align
             | with the conservative agenda.
        
               | deelowe wrote:
               | And you sound like a one party voter.
               | 
               | I don't care the motivation. The SC shouldn't be doing
               | congress' job. Congress got burned because they've been
               | complacent.
               | 
               | RvW has always stood on tenuous footing. We've known
               | this. Congress has literally had decades to do something
               | and they chose instead to keep the status quo. Why?
               | Because the republican threat helps democrat voter
               | turnout. Same reason nothing is being done about the
               | failed drug war.
        
               | xpe wrote:
               | > Congress got burned because they've been complacent.
               | 
               | This is a bizarre metaphor to use. This isn't a zero sum
               | game. It is a three branch government.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | The Democrats have rarely had a filibuster-proof majority in
           | congress that would allow them to codify Roe. And they have
           | been working under the assumption that it was a settled
           | issue. As I recall, even some of the recently appointed
           | Supreme Court justices were under that impression as well. At
           | least until they were sworn in.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | Even when they had a filibuster-proof majority, they didn't
             | have a majority that believed in abortion rights. Some of
             | the democrats in obama's brief filibuster proof session
             | were pro life. Even now, at least 1 democrat senator is pro
             | life.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | Please do not equate the parties. It is incredibly naive to
           | see two parties that aren't perfect and somehow wave your
           | arms and say they are equivalently bad. They are clearly
           | different both in terms of their policy objectives and their
           | willingness to stay within the realm of truth and science.
        
             | scifibestfi wrote:
             | Please do equate them. Neither stays at all within the
             | realm of truth and science. I can't believe anyone still
             | genuinely thinks either party does in the year 2022.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Are you legitimately "both sides"-ing Democrats and
               | Republicans here? Wake me up when a horde of armed
               | Democrats storms the Capitol.
        
               | xpe wrote:
               | If Democrats stormed the capital they would probably do
               | an energy efficiency retrofit. HANG the chandeliers ...
               | show them the LED ... lights.
        
               | scifibestfi wrote:
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Sorry let me be more polite.
               | 
               | Your attempt to compare the Republican and Democratic
               | parties creates a false equivalency. This is demonstrated
               | by the January 6th insurrection fomented by a Republican
               | president and covered up by the Republican establishment,
               | which has no analog in the Democratic space.
               | 
               | Democrats do bad things. The bad things they do aren't as
               | bad as what Republicans do. It's like having both
               | pancreatic cancer and a zit, one's worse than the other.
        
               | xpe wrote:
               | OK let's throw snowballs at each other and see where that
               | gets us.
               | 
               | We're on hacker news and hopefully we've all read the
               | guidelines. Please respond to a charitable interpretation
               | of the other party.
               | 
               | I'm still waiting you for you to address the questions
               | presented.
        
               | xpe wrote:
               | You are defining an arbitrary boundary and making a false
               | dichotomy. Do you understand what I'm saying?
               | 
               | Stop putting them in the same category. This is useless
               | and nondescriptive. Here's what I mean by that : if you
               | were to build a machine learning classifier with a
               | decision tree algorithm, what do you think some of the
               | most important differentiators would be?
               | 
               | Tell me which party tends to acknowledge scientific
               | evidence more often.
               | 
               | A fool sets impossible standards and moans that everyone
               | falls short.
               | 
               | Accept reality. Choose from the better options. There is
               | no perfect except in mathematics (and maybe some physics
               | we don't know yet)
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | You act like this was completely up to the Democrats. Please
           | point to a time in history when codifying Roe with
           | legislation would have passed the Senate.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | One part of what you say is largely true: fear motivates in
           | the short term more than many other techniques.
        
         | hnrodey wrote:
         | The Supreme Court is focused on laws, not outcomes - as it
         | should be.
        
           | VoidWhisperer wrote:
           | How would you apply this to the Roe v Wade decision overturn?
           | I'm not saying it is infeasible to apply it to that but I am
           | curious to see the argument that that was explicitly focused
           | on laws and not outcomes (especially given some of the
           | language used by some of the justices to refer to abortion)
        
             | hnrodey wrote:
             | I'm a software developer, not a legal scholar. Anything I
             | said that could be considered intelligent regarding
             | analysis of SCOTUS opinions would be nothing more than
             | regurgitation I've heard from another source in the media.
             | 
             | As such, I will decline to offer anything beyond what I've
             | already said.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | Is it though?
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | They are the final say on legal interpretation. Outcomes
             | are for legislators to worry about.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | It seems to me like they are considering outcomes. I'm
               | not sure how we know for sure if they are or not, we
               | don't know what's in their heads. But this court appears
               | to many like they've got some outcomes in mind and are
               | fitting the law to them.
               | 
               | And, I mean, Trump literally said that he could guarantee
               | he was going to appoint justices that would overturn Roe,
               | and then they did, as he guaranteed. That's an outcome,
               | right?
        
               | hnrodey wrote:
               | This type of non-sense is what ruins the comments
               | section.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | Right back atcha!
        
               | 31835843 wrote:
               | The Constitution doesn't say any of that.
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | The Constitution doesn't say that the Supreme Court is
               | the final say?
               | 
               | Constitution, Article 3
               | 
               | > The judicial Power of the United States, shall be
               | vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts
               | as the Congress may from time to time ordain and
               | establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior
               | Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,
               | and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a
               | Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their
               | Continuance in Office.
        
               | 31835843 wrote:
               | If your question was intended to claim that the Article
               | you quoted gives The Supreme Court 'the final say on
               | legal interpretation,' I'm interested to know which words
               | in that Article you believe gives that say.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Very much a "The law in its majesty ..." take on the matter.
        
           | golemotron wrote:
           | Indeed. People are upset with the Supreme Court recently, but
           | what it has been doing is empowering democracy, which people
           | are nominally for.
           | 
           | You want effective standards, do the work and pass a law.
        
             | aaomidi wrote:
             | For example scotus coming out in the next few months and
             | going against the ruling that allowed gay marriage would be
             | empowering for democracy?
             | 
             | The scotus is still operating in this environment. I don't
             | see how "fuck it throwing you to the wolves" has any
             | immediate or future benefits?
        
               | golemotron wrote:
               | A number of people on both sides of the issue have noted
               | that the country was on an arc toward more liberal
               | abortion laws before Roe. When SCOTUS steps in and
               | decides issues without a solid Constitutional basis it
               | interferes with the consensus process of democracy and
               | produces division. The same is likely true with the other
               | privacy rulings.
               | 
               | Have some faith in people. Inventing rights and
               | privileges autocratically is definitely problematic in a
               | democracy. It's better to do the work of persuasion. We
               | all have to live together. Note as well, the number of
               | countries who have arrived at gay marriage through
               | legislation rather than judicial fiat. It's a more
               | respectful way to go.
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | 'More respectful'? What was respectful about states
               | denying people the ability to see their partner in the
               | hospital because they have the crime of being gay? Or
               | being denied the ability to participate in basic rights
               | because they're gay?
               | 
               | Or is it just because it doesn't inconvenience you? Like
               | these are all things that are very fresh in the memory of
               | anyone gay that's lived in southern or red states. It's
               | not a democracy if you have a bunch of people you treat
               | as second class citizens.
        
               | abigail95 wrote:
               | Majority rule literally the definition of democracy.
               | 
               | This is obviously in conflict with minority rights.
               | 
               | If you care more about minority rights than democracy,
               | fine. Lots of governments have limits on majority rule.
               | The USA constitution is a famous example.
               | 
               | But those limits are limits on democracy. Which make them
               | anti-democratic.
               | 
               | The more strictly you protect minority rights the less
               | democratic your society is.
               | 
               | > It's not a democracy if you have a bunch of people you
               | treat as second class citizens.
               | 
               | That's the purest democracy there is. A direct democracy
               | that let people vote on absolutely anything would always
               | produce that result.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | So if the majority rules that the minorities should be
               | slaves, that's democratic?
               | 
               | In that case, is democracy good?
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | Yeah supreme court is doing its job just fine. Main issue
             | seems to be Congress peeps voting party line with omnibus
             | bills instead of discrete policy being legislated that they
             | can vote freely on with just their constituents in mind.
             | And then of course the money and corporate capture. I don't
             | think elected members even write the bills anymore.
        
             | xpe wrote:
             | > but what it has been doing is empowering democracy, which
             | people are nominally for.
             | 
             | I know what you are trying to say, but it is too narrow.
             | 
             | If you think broader, the above is a laughable claim.
             | Overturning the current understanding of laws is jarring to
             | democracy. (Sure, there are times when it is morally
             | necessary.) Why? Previous legislatures operated under the
             | assumption that the Clean Air Act worked in a certain
             | manner.
             | 
             | The Supreme Court has effectively overturned previous
             | democratic work knowing full well the practical
             | implications.
        
             | walls wrote:
             | It's just that easy when half of everything is controlled
             | by obstructionists who do nothing other than entrench their
             | parties power.
             | 
             | Oh and they've also convinced their party that cooperation
             | is weakness because they are literally fighting the devil.
        
           | kar5pt wrote:
           | Judges use outcomes to interpret the law all the time.
           | There's nothing, on it's face, invalid about that approach.
           | You may personally disagree with it, but then you'd have to
           | justify why the rest of us should believe in a legal
           | philosophy that's clearly going to degrade our quality of
           | life by destroying the environment.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | It depends what you mean. Of course the mechanisms under
           | their control are mostly about legal interpretation and
           | Constitutionality. If you read a lot of Supreme Court
           | opinions you'll see that the justices do care about outcomes
           | to a large degree.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 40acres wrote:
       | I really don't understand the decision. In my mental model the
       | executive branch exists to implement the laws that Congress
       | passes, Congress deliberately leaves leeway in laws to give the
       | executive branch flexibility, this flexibility has been
       | previously affirmed by the court decision Chevron v. NRDC.
       | 
       | This decision seems to give more power to Congress but on net I
       | think it makes the laws Congress passes weaker because it strips
       | away the effectiveness of the implementation.
        
         | PathOfEclipse wrote:
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | >the very left biased BBC
           | 
           | Major "code smell" right here
           | 
           | > Right now, the corporate legacy media are working hard to
           | paint the false narrative that the current conservative
           | justices are extreme partisan hacks
           | 
           | Well they are, and I don't need "muh mainstream media" to
           | tell me about it. I can draw that conclusion based on primary
           | sources, i.e. the court opinions, the justices' own words and
           | actions, etc.
        
           | elsonrodriguez wrote:
           | > The major questions doctrine works in much the same way to
           | protect the Constitution's separation of powers. ... It is
           | vital because the framers believed that a republic--a thing
           | of the people--would be more likely to enact just laws than a
           | regime administered by a ruling class of largely
           | unaccountable "ministers."
           | 
           | Congress will never have the bandwidth or speed to tackle
           | every problem via legislation. Delegating areas to expert
           | "ministers" is the only way to have a functional government
           | in today's complex world.
           | 
           | This seems like just another reframing of "my ignorance is
           | just as good as your knowledge".
        
           | asdajksah2123 wrote:
           | The Major Questions doctrine is an invention of the Roberts
           | court that no court before has even considered.
           | 
           | So yeah, they made up new rules, and yes, you're right, that
           | the rules they made up to achieve a certain goal indicate
           | that those goals are indeed correct.
           | 
           | Edit: The unsaid part of the "Major Questions" doctrine is
           | that what it basically means is that the only decision maker
           | in the US government is the Supreme Court.
           | 
           | This Supreme Court has chosen to parse Congress's bills text
           | both strictly and loosely depending on whether it achieved
           | their political priors. Further, they've alternatively
           | decided to use, and disallow the usage of public statements
           | by Congress members and/or the President for the same reason.
           | 
           | This is little more than a dismantling of the US govt.
        
             | rufus_foreman wrote:
             | >> The Major Questions doctrine is an invention of the
             | Roberts court that no court before has even considered
             | 
             | "The major questions doctrine originated in two Supreme
             | Court decisions: MCI Telecommunications Corporation v.
             | American Telephone & Telegraph in 1994 and FDA v. Brown &
             | Williamson Tobacco Corporation in 2000."
             | 
             | -- https://www.theregreview.org/2021/11/15/revesz-
             | brunstein-reg...
             | 
             | Roberts was appointed to the Supreme Court in 2005.
        
             | kemayo wrote:
             | To quote Kagan's dissent in this case: "The current Court
             | is textualist only when being so suits it. When that method
             | would frustrate broader goals, special canons like the
             | 'major questions doctrine' magically appear as get out-of-
             | text-free cards".
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | We have 50+ years of Congress delegating authority _and
           | blame_ to various other branches and groups without actually
           | legislating it, which gives politicians perfect cover and
           | someone else to blame.
           | 
           | If Congress wants to do something, they can pass the law to
           | do so.
           | 
           | Ever since the "it's not a tax healthcare penalty" was upheld
           | by the Court as "yes it is you idiots" it's been painfully
           | clear that Congress wants no part in actually doing their
           | job.
        
             | bumby wrote:
             | > _We have 50+ years of Congress delegating authority and
             | blame to various other branches_
             | 
             | This became very apparent to me after pushed Congress to
             | pass an Authorization of Military Force around ~2014. They
             | balked, effectively continuing the trend of delegating
             | their war-making abilities to the executive branch.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Presidents are disposable; congress critters are for
               | life. They'd much rather have a figurehead take the
               | credit _and_ blame, since no matter what they 're gone in
               | a max of 8 years.
        
           | Goronmon wrote:
           | _The decision looks simple and correct to me, even with only
           | reading from the very left biased BBC article._
           | 
           | Despite your very right biased comment, I don't buy the idea
           | that congress needs to write legislation down to specific
           | policy details that might come up with every minute aspect of
           | what is intending to be legislated. I don't think elected
           | politicians are capable of being knowledgeable enough to give
           | specific guidance on the broad range of issues necessary to
           | govern the entire country.
           | 
           | I mean, do you really want a US senator voting on what level
           | of chemicals are allowed to be present in drinking water? Is
           | that the goal here?
           | 
           |  _Right now, the corporate legacy media are working hard to
           | paint the false narrative that the current conservative
           | justices are extreme partisan hacks. Don 't fall for their
           | deceptions. Do your own research._
           | 
           | And if I do my own research and decide that the current
           | conservative justices are extreme partisan hacks?
        
             | barsonme wrote:
             | > do you really want a US senator voting on what level of
             | chemicals are allowed to be present in drinking water?
             | 
             | That's not the level of granularity here. Using your
             | hypothetical example about clean drinking water, Congress
             | would need to delegate authority to EPA to regulate clean
             | drinking water instead of EPA inferring or assuming it has
             | that authority because of some other unrelated statute.
             | Congress itself would not decide what a safe level of
             | arsenic in drinking water is, EPA experts would.
        
               | Goronmon wrote:
               | _Congress itself would not decide what a safe level of
               | arsenic is, EPA experts would._
               | 
               | But as you said the EPA only would have the authority to
               | regulate "clean drinking water", and since arsenic isn't
               | drinking water, then the EPA would have no authority to
               | regulate it unless Congress specifically says so.
        
               | barsonme wrote:
               | By "a safe level of arsenic" I meant "a safe level of
               | arsenic in drinking water." I've edited my comment to
               | make this more clear.
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | > left biased BBC article
           | 
           | This reminds me how was Ben Shapiro burned by conservative
           | guy from BBC. And Shapiro called him 'liberal'.
           | 
           | Anything that is not regressive is by default left/liberal
           | for these people.
           | 
           | You have made God from your Constitution while in other
           | countries it is an tool. You have just one more party than
           | China and call your self beacon of democracy. Tunnel vision.
        
             | PathOfEclipse wrote:
             | If you can't see this article as left-biased, then you have
             | some serious blinders on. If you're willing to take them
             | off for a second, here are some major bias flags:
             | 
             | * It only quotes one legal expert, Hajin Kim, who paints
             | the ruling in a negative light. There are no quotes from
             | any other legal expert with a differing viewpoint.
             | 
             | * It quotes from the environmental defense fund, which is
             | on the spectrum as extremely leftwing:
             | https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-environmental-defense-
             | fund...
             | 
             | * It puts high priority towards telling us how the feelings
             | of environmental groups got hurt: "Environmental groups
             | will be deeply concerned by the outcome as historically the
             | 19 states that brought the case have made little progress
             | on reducing their emissions - which is necessary to limit
             | climate change."
             | 
             | * It quotes from a U.N. official, which is of course only
             | going to have negative things to say about it. The U.N.
             | could care less about whether a policy hurts America. The
             | BBC also fails to mention how similar policies in the EU
             | have led to more dependence on Russian oil, which was
             | absolutely disastrous in hindsight. Don't knock out your
             | current energy infrastructure when you have nothing to
             | replace it with.
             | 
             | * The BBC focuses on what it perceives as the Supreme court
             | bucking decades of precedent: "For decades, the Supreme
             | Court has held that judges should generally defer to
             | government agencies when interpreting federal law."
             | 
             | * The BBC says absolutely nothing about how the other side
             | feels about this ruling, another major sign of their bias.
             | Take a look at a conservative source:
             | https://www.dailywire.com/news/supreme-court-rules-
             | against-b...
             | 
             | "We joined WV to fight the EPA's overreach & challenged the
             | agency's overly-broad interpretation allowing them to
             | regulate almost any part of the economy, the consequences
             | would lead to higher utility bills, job loss and overall
             | increased energy prices. This is a huge win for MO!"
             | 
             | "This is a big victory for small businesses and a big
             | defeat for the Biden administration and the regulatory
             | state," Ortiz said in a statement provided to The Daily
             | Wire. "Whether it's greenhouse gas emissions, Covid
             | lockdowns, vaccine mandates, or scores of other issues, the
             | Biden administration keeps claiming authority it does not
             | possess, as the Supreme Court ruled today."
             | 
             | The BBC doesn't care at all about the sheer economic damage
             | that would have been dealt to the relevant states. The BBC
             | also doesn't care at all about the fact that the federal
             | bureaucracy has grown staggeringly in size and power over
             | the past decades, or what that means for our constitutional
             | republic. The BBC doesn't care that our courts have been
             | ruling very much for the left for the past several decades
             | and we are just starting to see a reversal back towards the
             | center. And that's fine. The BBC is in Britain and
             | shouldn't be expected to care about these things. But
             | please don't pretend they are not left-biased on this
             | issue.
        
           | heretogetout wrote:
           | Your citation doesn't entirely support your argument. The
           | court said "[vast] economic and political significance." This
           | seems like a power grab by the court because now they and
           | they alone can decide what has "vast significance," not the
           | legislature and not the executive.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | I see that you haven't let facts get in the way of a good
           | theory.
           | 
           | I don't think you've read the dissenting arguments yet.
           | 
           | The core of this case is how do you interpret legislative
           | text. The current Court is taking a radically strict view of
           | legislation. They act like they are only reading the words.
           | But in fact everyone has to interpret written words somehow.
           | The question is what context do you use when you interpret
           | the words.
           | 
           | Also keep in mind how the conservative justices were picked.
           | Even if the justices truly decide cases based on non-partisan
           | judicial ideologies (doubtful), the composition of the court
           | has been picked in such a way that their decisions have
           | conservative outcomes written all over them.
        
             | abigail95 wrote:
             | Let's go one meta level up.
             | 
             | It's not like they cornered the decision into their own
             | branch of government like they did with abortion (before
             | Dobbs).
             | 
             | If there's disagreement on how a text should be interpreted
             | I don't care whether a conservative court produces a
             | different opinion to a liberal one.
             | 
             | I care whether congress still retains the ultimate
             | authority in the matter, and in this case it does.
             | 
             | If congress thinks the court is wrong, it can say so.
             | 
             | However I think you'll find that just as there is
             | disagreement within the court as to what this text actually
             | means - there is just as much if not more disagreement in
             | congress.
             | 
             | If congress itself is in disagreement - I think being
             | radically strict is a good way to go.
             | 
             | I think it's healthy for judicial review and separations of
             | powers for legislative interpetation to be kicked back to
             | congress if there's any disagreement.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | > decisions of vast "'economic and political significance."
           | 
           | How is "economic and political significance" defined? From
           | what I understand of the decision, it's defined as "6 of 9
           | people on SCOTUS don't like this regulation." And the deeper
           | you dig into it, the more you find that these 6 people are
           | willing to throw out just to be able to strike down this
           | policy decision.
           | 
           | Supposedly, these 6 justices are advocates of textualism--the
           | actual text, as written in the statute, should be dominant in
           | the analysis of what can and can't be done in terms of
           | interpretation. And here they completely ignore that in favor
           | of trying to second-guess what Congress intended because...
           | they can't use textualism to achieve what they want, I guess.
        
           | noSyncCloud wrote:
           | >very left biased BBC
           | 
           | Truly hilarious. You should do a NewsMax comedy special
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | >Congress deliberately leaves leeway in laws
         | 
         | This is the crux of the problem. The "Executive branch" is
         | basically the cops. That leeway lets the cops invent law,
         | prosecute you, and potentially imprison you. There's another
         | case where the executive branch effectively acted as the
         | legislator, cops, and the judicial branch (they prosecuted
         | someone for a rule they created and found them guilty, all
         | internally).
         | 
         | Congress needs to do these things, via simple and explicit laws
         | that are clear and easy to understand. The role of the
         | executive is _enforcement_, while the judicial arbitrates.
        
         | coldcode wrote:
         | Congress won't act, the Executive isn't permitted to do much
         | even with what they were given by Congress, and the People are
         | powerless to do anything unless 100% of them vote, which never
         | happens, and even then may be overruled in many places.
         | 
         | No future for any of us I guess.
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | It's still very much an open question as to whether congress
           | is allowed to abdicate its power of rule making to the
           | executive branch. The constitution seems to imply that the
           | answer is "no," but the past interpretations of it say "yes."
           | Chevron is a younger precedent than Roe.
        
             | xpe wrote:
             | > It's still very much an open question as to whether
             | congress is allowed to abdicate its power of rule making to
             | the executive branch. The constitution seems to imply that
             | the answer is "no," but the past interpretations of it say
             | "yes." Chevron is a younger precedent than Roe.
             | 
             | You say abdicate. Not true.
             | 
             | Congress is obviously empowered to delegate.
             | 
             | Please be specific. Who (written where?) thinks this is an
             | open question? Please cite evidence of this.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Here is a discussion on Chevron and a neighboring ruling
               | (Auer), from a favorable perspective, which outlines some
               | of the challenges: https://www.law.georgetown.edu/public-
               | policy-journal/wp-cont...
               | 
               | This is also a common theme of many recent cases.
               | Examples include: American Hospital Association v.
               | Becerra, SEC vs Cochran, SEC vs Jarkesky, Gundy vs United
               | States.
               | 
               | It is not clear that Congress can actually "delegate" the
               | power to write laws.
        
           | lbotos wrote:
           | > People are powerless to do anything unless 100% of them
           | vote
           | 
           | I'm not following this logic? Why do we need 100% of people
           | to vote?
           | 
           | I assume you mean to "oust ineffective elected officials" but
           | I suspect that there are many people that don't vote because
           | they are "happy" and don't feel at risk of their desired
           | official being outed. But again, I might be off base. Hoping
           | you can clarify more of what you meant.
        
             | shrimpx wrote:
             | Many people don't vote because they're skeptical that their
             | vote can affect anything -- either because they're in a
             | definite minority in their legislatures or they think
             | elections are bought, in a "changing minds" sense.
        
             | jefurii wrote:
             | Most of the public cares about climate change and wants the
             | government to do something. The overwhelming majority of
             | the public supports abortion in some form or other. If they
             | actually voted maybe we could change things, but lots of
             | people just don't vote.
             | 
             | Having participated in several cycles of political
             | organizing, the actual ground game is Get Out The Vote
             | (GOTV): not trying to get people to change their minds, but
             | getting people to just get off their asses.
        
               | akavi wrote:
               | > Most of the public cares about climate change and wants
               | the government to do something
               | 
               | Most of the public cares about climate change and wants
               | the government to do something _so long as it doesn 't
               | cost them anything_ (Or more precisely, more than 10
               | $/mo)[0]. Or you can just see the consternation about gas
               | prices right now to predict how well any climate change
               | related regulation that actually materially affected
               | carbon production would go.
               | 
               | [0]: https://apnorc.org/projects/what-americans-think-
               | about-the-e...
        
           | zugi wrote:
           | > Congress won't act
           | 
           | Under a legal constitutional system, when Congress "won't
           | act", the laws stay the same as they were.
           | 
           | The Executive branch taking unilateral action beyond its
           | authority because the Legislative branch "won't act" scares
           | me even more, for the long-term health of our democracy, than
           | laws staying the same as they are now for a bit longer.
        
             | xpe wrote:
             | I see you've fixated on an obvious truth but missed out on
             | the actual chess game.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | Nobody denies that "Congress deliberately leaves leeway in laws
         | to give the executive branch flexibility."
         | 
         | The whole point of this case is that Congress gave the EPA
         | leeway to decide standards and scrubbing technologies for toxic
         | pollutants, and the EPA stretched that leeway far beyond what
         | Congress intended to address a completely different problem
         | involving a non-toxic alleged pollutant.
        
           | 40acres wrote:
           | The court has already ruled in Chevron v. NRDC that executive
           | agencies have deference in interpretation of statues if
           | Congress has not explicitly granted that power. The Clean Air
           | act was passed in 1970 to ensure air quality, through science
           | and the advancement of our understanding the EPA has
           | identified CO2 as a toxic pollutant. I don't understand why
           | we need an updated law by Congress when the EPA is much
           | closer to the issue.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | But does Congress or the EPA get to determine that scope?
             | 
             | You're arguing that the EPA gets to make that call. The
             | supreme court says it's Congress.
        
         | xxpor wrote:
         | You have to know the actual motivation:
         | 
         | The point is to limit the administrative state and move power
         | to congress (as you said), because federal rule making is
         | relatively open, and the administration has experts.
         | 
         | If it moves to congress, they'll just take the legislation
         | lobbyists hand them and pass it, because they don't have the
         | expertise to actually write technical regulations.
         | 
         | This is a win for industry.
        
           | fooey wrote:
           | Congress doesn't remotely have the bandwidth to explicitly
           | write out and decide all the little rules it takes to
           | regulate the country, even if they had a clue what they were
           | doing in each case
           | 
           | It's pretty clearly designed to dismantle the federal
           | regulatory apparatus
        
             | extheat wrote:
             | Then it should explicitly delegate that to the executive
             | branch where applicable, as it does for other things. You
             | don't just throw away separation of powers because it's
             | convenient.
        
             | 40acres wrote:
             | And the court has previously understood and affirmed this
             | "leeway" after Chevron v. NRDC. So its another case of the
             | court overruling precedent.
        
             | danenania wrote:
             | Could the same agencies that now regulate industry directly
             | pivot to assisting congress with writing the laws?
        
               | jdgoesmarching wrote:
               | Sure, if they're lucky they might get a 30 second
               | courtesy chat between lobbyists.
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | That's exactly correct.
        
             | meatsauce wrote:
             | Congress has plenty of time and money. They are too busy
             | jockeying for votes to do anything. The problem with
             | congress is that they are too focused on winning elections
             | instead of doing the GD job. I view this as yet another
             | reason why we need strict term limits for members of
             | congress. There are too many leeches.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | I don't think that's true.
               | 
               | Typical staff sizes for congresscritters seem to be about
               | 60 people. I managed to get some salary data on them, and
               | $5M total per congresscritter seems to be reasonable [0].
               | So, I dunno, double that cost for ancillary expenses and
               | the like, you get ~$10M per congresscritter. Multiply
               | that all out and you have ~26,000 people and ~$4.4B
               | total.
               | 
               | The total spending of the whole US federal government is
               | ~$4T with ~4M people employed. So, ~1000x the budget and
               | ~150x the staff of all of congress and their staffers.
               | 
               | Sure, yeah, you can double or 10x the staff of congress,
               | even up the budgets by 100x. Maybe only 1/10th of the
               | budget is actually needed. Maybe you can get by with
               | giggling the staffer pay ratios. Whatever. You're still
               | _really_ short.
               | 
               | Oh, and you still have to have the staff that was doing
               | the original jobs of the congresscritter.
               | 
               | Unless you completely rejigger how congress works to the
               | tune of a _~100x increase_ in budget and staff[1], there
               | 's just no way congress can take over that job.
               | 
               | [0] There's not really a database on this that I found. I
               | just took a random sample of 35 congresscritters and then
               | googled for their staff sizes and salaries. It's not
               | definitive and it varies a fair amount, but 60 seems to
               | be a high yet good estimate.
               | 
               | [1] Imagine trying to grow any business or enterprise by
               | 100x. It would take a very very long time for the dust to
               | settle. Let alone working all the kinks out of the system
               | that you're creating from whole cloth. And that's a new
               | system. You'd also have the fight with the old system
               | when trying to do this between congress and the exec.
               | branch. The likelihood of it occurring in any kind of
               | reasonable timeline and in any kind of reasonable
               | effectiveness is precisely 0.
        
           | InTheArena wrote:
           | Government works off of law, not merely intentions.
           | Intentions can change. Laws are documented. otherwise what's
           | the keep of random police officer from deciding that they
           | have the ability to regulate the applications on my phone?
           | After all, they're just keeping me safe.
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | Legislation often deliberately leaves interpretation of
             | statutes to the agencies implementing the laws. The
             | legislation can just say "The parks department shall keep
             | the park safe and well-maintained," without specifying what
             | 'safe' means, or how often they collect the trash.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | Under that law, I could clear cut the forest, turn it
               | into a meadow and put up a fence around it to prevent
               | people from getting in.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Yes, a functioning government depends on parties acting
               | in good faith and assumes everyone is working for the
               | common good, not always achievable when vast sums of
               | money are in play. This case is a great example.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Yes, this is a win for republican democracy, and a loss for
           | "governance by experts."
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | If we had a parliamentary system, I would agree with you.
             | But the actual on the ground reality is Congress does not
             | represent the actual will of the people due to
             | malaportionment.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | The main implication here is that the policy making
               | decision tree needs to change.
               | 
               | Whereas before it was:
               | 
               | Do we have the political will to enact this from sea to
               | shining sea via Federal legislation? -> YES/NO -> Can we
               | enact this from sea to shining sea via fiat through an
               | existing administrative agency? -> YES/NO -> Can we enact
               | this from sea to shining sea via the SCOTUS? -> YES/NO ->
               | Can we enact this policy gradually via the States? ->
               | YES/NO
               | 
               | Now it is:
               | 
               | Do we have the political will to enact this policy from
               | sea to shining sea via Federal legislation? -> YES/NO ->
               | Can we enact this policy gradually via the States? ->
               | YES/NO
               | 
               | The States themselves don't have the "malapportionment"
               | problem, and insofar as Congress does, it's because the
               | system was always set up for change to occur from the
               | bottom-up, not the top-down. The EU refers to this as
               | subsidiarity [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidiarity_
               | (European_Union)]. Congress is structured in exactly the
               | same way as the EU, as well as other federations like
               | Australia and Switzerland.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Justin Trudeau became Prime Minister of Canada last year
               | despite his party winning almost 200,000 fewer votes than
               | Conservatives. Does that mean that Canada's Parliament
               | "does not represent the actual will of the people?"
               | 
               | If "we had a parliamentary system"--where the executive
               | is selected by the Party that wins the most votes in the
               | lower house--Bush still would have won in 2000 (https://e
               | n.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_United_States_House_of_Re...)
               | and Trump still would have won in 2016 (https://en.wikipe
               | dia.org/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Re...).
               | 
               | If 'we had a parliamentary system" Biden would be shown
               | the door next year when Republicans again win a majority
               | of not only House seats, but total votes for House
               | candidates.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | Looking at the results for only the two largest parties
               | when there are five parties in Canada's Parliament and
               | none has an outright majority of seats is completely
               | misleading.
               | 
               | Trudeau can only govern with the support of the NDP.
               | Liberals plus NDP got a majority of the popular vote[1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Results_breakdown_of_th
               | e_2021_...
        
             | throw0101a wrote:
             | > _Yes, this is a win for republican democracy_ [...]
             | 
             | It is a win for the anti-government minority:
             | 
             | * https://www.vox.com/2018/9/12/17850980/democracy-tyranny-
             | min...
             | 
             | * https://harpers.org/archive/2017/03/tyranny-of-the-
             | minority/
             | 
             | * https://www.orlandosentinel.com/opinion/guest-
             | commentary/os-...
             | 
             | * https://www.politico.com/story/2009/03/the-tyranny-of-
             | the-mi...
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Yes, the "minority" party that's currently 2 points ahead
               | on the generic Congressional ballot
               | (https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/generic-
               | ballot/), won 1.5 million more votes than Democrats in
               | the 2016 House elections, and is on pace to win several
               | million more votes than Democrats in the 2022 House
               | elections. That's an interesting definition of "minority"
               | you have there?
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > The point is to limit the administrative state and move
           | power to congress (as you said), because federal rule making
           | is relatively open, and the administration has experts.
           | 
           | > If it moves to congress, they'll just take the legislation
           | lobbyists hand them and pass it, because they don't have the
           | expertise to actually write technical regulations.
           | 
           | Huh? Remember Ajit Pai? It hasn't been that long.
           | 
           | It's _profoundly anti-democratic_ for major decisions to be
           | made by unelected, unaccountable technocrats (with a comment
           | period) than by actual elected representatives who can at
           | least theoretically be held accountable through elections.
           | 
           | IMHO, the solution to this is probably just to pass a law
           | that authorizes this regulation that simultaneously pays off
           | the states who object so they feel it's an overall good deal
           | for them (e.g. fund a nuclear plant and a bunch of new
           | infrastructure for each of them).
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | Ajit Pai got kicked out when the administration changed!
             | Exactly how it should be!
             | 
             | They're not unaccountable, the president can dismiss them.
             | Just like Trump fired Janet Yellen, and SCOTUS already
             | ruled the structure of CFPB where removal for cause was
             | required is unconstitutional.
             | 
             | The idea congress is "democratic" is a huge joke. There's a
             | reason why the House of Lords has essentially no power any
             | more. Let alone the literal open corruption campaign
             | finance is.
        
               | neosystem wrote:
               | Everything you say may or may not be true, but it doesn't
               | address the point of the ruling or what's under debate.
               | If you don't believe that the Congress is representative
               | of the will of the people, your issues are not with this
               | or that law or SCOTUS ruling, but with the fundamental
               | structures of the American republic.
        
             | Sporktacular wrote:
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | > _Would you really like to live in a world where every
               | judge, inspector and policeman is a politician too?
               | Subject to the whims of popular sentiment?_
               | 
               | A lot of these positions _are_ elected in various US
               | jurisdictions.
               | 
               | * https://ballotpedia.org/Judicial_election_methods_by_st
               | ate
               | 
               | *
               | https://ballotpedia.org/Judicial_selection_in_the_states
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | Exactly. And look how well that's turned out:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=poL7l-Uk3I8
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Biden is elected. He appoints experts. Experts craft
               | regulations. When regulations screw up, Biden gets
               | elected out. Experts get kicked out.
               | 
               | So just elect a king, then? There's a pretty strict
               | division of powers in the US, and for good reason.
               | Congress just needs to do its job and pass some
               | legislation.
               | 
               | > Jesus, can you put aside the taking points and just
               | think for yourself? Obviously no one is unaccountable.
               | This is not some tin pot dictatorship like Fox is telling
               | you to pretend it is.
               | 
               | I can tell you I _am_ thinking for myself, at least as
               | much as you probably are. Making an accusation like you
               | have is also, frankly, against the site guidelines and
               | not conductive to discussion.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | Congress is not going to do it's job in this political
               | climate and we don't have the luxury of new found
               | proceduralism when so much is at stake.
               | 
               | "Just elect a king then?"
               | 
               | No, because that would be creating unaccountability where
               | I just demonstrated it already exists. How is putting
               | everyone's future in the hands of Joe Minchin and Mitch
               | McConnell an improvement on that?
               | 
               | And again with the hyperbole. Instead of kings, let's
               | stay in reality - the accountability issue you speak of
               | is a red herring. Environment degradation presents an
               | existential danger. Current legal and regulatory
               | procedures are already slow in addressing it but they
               | could have worked (for everyone except polluting
               | industries and their shills). Scientist agree that faster
               | action is required. Legislative obstructionism and a new
               | appetite for legal originalism are just more obstacles
               | that we can't afford.
               | 
               | All these points can be defended. You're just repeating
               | ungrounded, abstract, Fox News, boogie man talking points
               | without demonstrating any of them. I apologise if I
               | caused offense, but saying that's thoughtless is not an
               | accusation.
        
           | kevin_b_er wrote:
           | This is a win for corruption.
        
           | electrondood wrote:
           | > This is a win for industry.
           | 
           | I would frame it more as a loss for the planet, at a time
           | when we're facing the greatest existential threat in all of
           | history.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | That's not really how it works. If Congress wants the executive
         | branch to have leeway then they need to explicitly grant it.
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | Correction: That's exactly how it worked until a large change
           | in the court composition decided to change the rules.
           | 
           | People like to pretend that SCOTUS decisions are
           | retroactively true, that somehow they're discovering legal
           | nuances previously overlooked.
           | 
           | That's not how it works. As the cliche goes, they're not
           | final because they're right, they're right because they're
           | final.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _how it worked until a large change in the court
             | composition decided to change the rules_
             | 
             | FDR created the modern administrative state. _Chevron_ was
             | decided in the 80s. None of this is how it's always been.
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | What is the argument here? You want us to use law theory
               | from before the industrial revolution or something?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _What is the argument here?_
               | 
               | That limiting the administrative state is far from a
               | monumental changing of the rules. Nobody is challenging
               | the administrative state _per se_. The major doctrines
               | principle is just being expanded, which limits _Chevron_
               | , something that only came into being a few decades ago.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | That's an OK summary of FedSoc talking points, but you're
               | missing some of the barbs. Might want to try again.
               | 
               | The effective reuslt of the non-delegation doctrine is
               | that, when Republicans do not like a policy outcome,
               | Congress is required to employ a time machine to give
               | explicit instructions to an agency decades ahead of time.
        
               | CrazyPyroLinux wrote:
               | Some sort of pesky "constitution...?"
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | Quibble all you like, it has been that way for living
               | memory, and reversing this is going to cause an enormous
               | amount of chaos, because the modern state is built on
               | these assumptions.
               | 
               | This is not some minor change, you're going to throw the
               | federal government into chaos. I know that's the goal for
               | a lot of people, but they should have the courage to
               | admit that.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | For many of us this is a welcome change, the roll back of
               | the administrative state is very very much needed
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Discussions about the EPA seem to have to magical ability
               | to make people forget that gems like the DEA and DHS
               | exist. Heck, until recently the FCC was headed by a
               | corporate shill.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | People take a very narrow look at the issue, they fail to
               | see the forest for the trees
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Avoiding chaos is not a valid reason for allowing a legal
               | injustice to persist even one day longer. I support legal
               | mandates to reduce emissions, but it needs to be done the
               | right way as an Act of Congress, not by unelected
               | bureaucrats creatively reinterpreting a law to suit their
               | political goals.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | > Avoiding chaos is not a valid reason for allowing a
               | legal injustice to persist even one day longer.
               | 
               | Wow, people are sure selective about which injustices
               | they cannot tolerate "even one day longer".
               | 
               | > I support legal mandates to reduce emissions
               | 
               | Bullshit. You are doing the opposite and know perfectly
               | well what's going to happen.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please don't cross into flamewar like this. It's not what
               | this site is for, and it destroys what it is for.
               | 
               | Even in a divisive thread like this one, your comment
               | here stands out as breaking the site guidelines. Would
               | you mind reviewing them and sticking to the rules when
               | posting here? We'd be grateful.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | cmurf wrote:
           | The dissent indicates the power is already explicitly granted
           | in the EPA statute plain as day. It really isn't clear to me
           | what language would satisfy the majority.
        
             | nostromo wrote:
             | "The EPA may regulate carbon emissions" would do the trick.
        
               | cmurf wrote:
               | Why do you propose every single atom needs to be
               | explicitly listed? 42 USC 7411 does grant EPA the power
               | to determine what emissions need regulating, and how to
               | best regulate them.
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | Now repeat for every chemical, and you have an
               | unregulated mess, as this decision intends to create.
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | "The EPA may regulate emissions that contribute to global
               | climate change" would also do the trick.
               | 
               | These laws are all quite old, many pre-date the EPA even
               | and are from the 1950s and 1960s. They were clearly
               | written for toxic pollutants, which carbon is not.
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | Let me ask you plainly: are you a lawyer? You seem well
               | informed, but not lawyerly. I feel like you have good
               | theoretical knowledge of how this should work in an ideal
               | world, but not as much understanding of how it works in
               | practice.
        
       | agentultra wrote:
       | Supreme Court really showing how irrelevant they are.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | How will this affect international agreements and commitments to
       | reduce green hours gasses?
       | 
       | If the US can't abide by the agreement how can we expect India or
       | China to do so.
        
       | queuebert wrote:
       | This decision seems largely irrelevant to me, because the
       | Democrats with their majority and White House could pass new
       | legislation next week to authorize the EPA to do what it needs to
       | do.
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | It's called the filibuster.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | Isn't there a couple of Democrats in the Senate (who also
         | happen to be anti-green due to blatant conflict of interest -
         | why the hell is a senator with financial interests in coal
         | allowed??) who refuse to allow the majority to do away with the
         | filibuster that forces the need for a supermajority? So nobody
         | has a majority?
        
       | jrd79 wrote:
       | Carbon dioxide was not considered a pollutant when the law was
       | passed, so congress should specifically authorize such a
       | significant expansion of the EPA authority. Rule by executive
       | fiat is never wise, and if the case were clear cut on this
       | matter, it would not be so hard to get congress to act. There
       | isn't and never was democratic consensus on this topic, and
       | people who support it need to convince people who do not before
       | it can become public policy.
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | What the government should do about climate change should be
       | decided by legislation agreed upon by the President and Congress,
       | not by an administrative agency.
        
         | Marazan wrote:
         | Maybe they could create an agency for the protection of the
         | environment and delegate some authority to it.
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | Or they could legislate. What's the purpose of electing
           | lawmakers if they just hire random bureaucrats. If they want
           | advice they have the money to get that advice
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | ?. You mean the EPA?
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | That could employ subject matter experts and scientists to
           | draft reasonable and prudent regulations, hopefully away from
           | the influence of lobbyists? What a novel concept.
        
         | xpe wrote:
         | No, such a claim is overly broad.
         | 
         | It is common and reasonable for legislation to delegate
         | responsibility. Administrative rulemaking has been around for a
         | long time and will continue to exist.
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | Now consider for a moment, who created this administrative
         | agency.
        
       | qalmakka wrote:
       | The fact that people can't see that the conservatives are
       | basically advocating worldwide for short term economic growth in
       | exchange for basically our future is appalling to me.
       | 
       | I am afraid we will see an immense amount of instability,
       | increased poverty, mass migrations and authoritarian regimes
       | rising up due to the fact that we couldn't manage to convince
       | people that those parties do not care about them.
       | 
       | In a previous post I wrote that conservatives everywhere use
       | moral issues to make people enraged in order to get vote, and in
       | exchange to that they use their power to help the rich get
       | richer. This is exactly what I was talking about. Those
       | Conservative judges were appointed by a President elected by
       | people that rallied behind him hoping to see Roe overturned, and
       | in exchange for that they also gave them a free pass to alter the
       | US political system in a way that is favourable to the Republican
       | party, i.e. the party of big industry and capital.
       | 
       | This is also another small hint that "countries" are a stupid
       | concept - we must stop to pretend that a single country is an
       | island, everything has consequences that irradiate and reflect on
       | the rest of the world, and it's stupid to think everyone can be a
       | ruler of its own tiny spot of our planet.
       | 
       | Countries are like homes, but they aren't cottages in the middle
       | of nowhere, they are flats - if you set your own house on fire,
       | everyone will suffer, everyone will lose something, if not
       | everything.
       | 
       | "$countryname first!" and Nationalism in all its forms is
       | basically just a more general form of Fascism.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | > I am afraid we will see an immense amount of instability,
         | increased poverty, mass migrations and authoritarian regimes
         | rising up due to the fact that we couldn't manage to convince
         | people that those parties do not care about them.
         | 
         | This has already been happening for a decade now. But it has
         | been limited to poorer regions, such as north Africa, south-
         | central Americas, and war-torn regions of the Middle East.
         | 
         | Most of this instability was precipitated by food prices, which
         | wealthier nations found themselves immune to. But they are no
         | longer immune, food prices are spiking by double digit annual
         | percentages all over the world. Fuel prices too. The G7 are
         | already in talks about how acquiesce to Russia for their
         | natural gas.
        
       | justinzollars wrote:
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | What's interesting about this ruling (if you listened to the oral
       | arguments and read the ruling) is that it appears to undercut the
       | ability for any executive agency to make a rule, under them claim
       | that congress cannot delegate its powers.
       | 
       | So the FAA can't determine and then require that aircraft have
       | transponders. Congress has to do this.
       | 
       | If they continue down this path it will be chaos.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | I didn't see the claim that they can't delegate. The issue I
         | saw discussed is whether or not a specific power was delegated.
         | I don't see rhem invalidating all agency regulations. I do see
         | them requiring better definitions to support that regulation.
         | (Eg C02 was not considered a pollutant under the original grant
         | of power, so the court doesn't _want_ to interpret it to be
         | inclusive).
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | > it appears to undercut the ability for any executive agency
         | to make a rule, under them claim that congress cannot delegate
         | its powers.
         | 
         | this had been a goal for a long time, since even before
         | goldwater... its called "deconstruction of the administrative
         | state" (steve bannons phrase)
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | I don't think this is correct. Congress can definitely delegate
         | its power, they are just saying that Congress didn't delegate
         | the power the EPA is trying to use in this case.
         | 
         | From the final paragraph of the opinion:
         | 
         | "But it is not plausible that Congress gave EPA the authority
         | to adopt on its own such a regulatory scheme in Section 111(d).
         | A decision of such magnitude and consequence rests with
         | Congress itself, or an agency acting pursuant to a clear
         | delegation from that representative body."
         | 
         | So it seems that Congress can still give the EPA a more clear
         | delegation that they have this power.
        
           | AlotOfReading wrote:
           | How do you write an entire opinion about delegation without
           | mentioning _Chevron_? As the dissent points out, that
           | delegation is inherently required to do the EPA 's job and
           | the court has previously accepted their technical and policy
           | expertise in this area.
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | You would think they would have reversed Chevron, or
             | distinguished it. But note, I've not read this decision
             | yet, and I'm taking your word for their not mentioning
             | Chevron.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Maybe I missed something between reading and ctrl-f, but
               | it's only mentioned in the dissent as far as I can tell.
        
             | gnicholas wrote:
             | The Court has been dodging _Chevron_ of late. This is their
             | second opinion this month where they conspicuously avoided
             | mentioning _Chevron_ :
             | https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/court-side-steps-
             | overturni...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | I read this differently (and am a former lawyer who worked on
         | administrative law). This is about the "major questions
         | doctrine", which involves a subset of administrative actions.
         | It's not about whether administrative agencies can do anything
         | whatsoever.
         | 
         | > _Under this body of law, known as the major questions
         | doctrine, given both separation of powers principles and a
         | practical understanding of legislative intent, the agency must
         | point to "clear congressional authorization" for the authority
         | it claims._
         | 
         | The reasoning for this is that:
         | 
         | > _We presume that "Congress intends to make major policy
         | decisions itself, not leave those decisions to agencies_
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | > That is silly hyperbolic overreaction.
           | 
           | Darn, my interpretation is shown to be naive by someone who
           | actually has the specific relevant experience!
           | 
           | Joking aside, thanks for your comment.
        
         | jibe wrote:
         | That is silly hyperbolic overreaction. The court literally
         | upheld the EPA regulating greenhouse gasses at the point of
         | creation. It upheld the specific regulations how coal was
         | burned. All it said was the EPA wasn't empowered to move into
         | grid management schemes. If congress wants to grant them that
         | power, it can.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | elmerfud wrote:
         | I don't agree it will be chaos. Congress has for far too long
         | abdicated what it is supposed to be directly responsible for to
         | unelected bureaucrats that exist in agencies that are overseen
         | by the executive branch of government.
         | 
         | Congress is now free to focused on creating chaos between the
         | people that elect them. When is the last time you've seen
         | anyone from Congress campaign on any substantive issue? I've
         | not seen it in my lifetime they leave that campaign up to the
         | president. Congress is invested with the sole power to regulate
         | our money when is the last time you've seen them do anything
         | except throw up bloated budgets? They have completely advocated
         | that power to the Federal reserve of which they exercise zero
         | oversight of and apparently leave it to the president who also
         | lets it run autonomously.
         | 
         | So what you call chaos is reconnecting the actual
         | responsibilities of our elected representatives with their
         | duties. I for one would very much enjoy seeing my elected
         | representative actually doing their constitutional duties
         | instead of pitting citizen that one another's throat in order
         | to get reelected again.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | cloutchaser wrote:
           | This is what people should take away from the last 2 weeks.
           | 
           | These rulings are making things more democratic, or more
           | decentralized at least.
           | 
           | If you don't like that, perhaps you wanted things that the
           | majority doesn't actually want, (in some states perhaps), but
           | then you need to decide if are pro democracy or not.
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | The idea that Republicans are seeking increased states'
             | rights in good faith is contradicted my most available
             | evidence. Not only have they fought legalizing weed
             | federally, but right after the Roe v. Wade ruling we had
             | Republican politicians advocating for a federal abortion
             | ban[1].
             | 
             | Believing that these ruling will make things more
             | democratic requires ignoring what Republican lawmakers both
             | say and do.
             | 
             | [1] https://news.yahoo.com/mike-pence-celebrates-end-
             | roe-1529376...
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Fought weed legalization? The Republicans sponsored a
               | bill to make it legal federally.
               | 
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/annakaplan/2021/11/15/republ
               | ica...
               | 
               |  _A group of Republican lawmakers introduced a bill
               | Monday to federally decriminalize and tax marijuana,
               | adding an alternative to sweeping Democratic proposals
               | for major marijuana reform and narrow GOP-backed efforts
               | to deschedule the drug in the U.S._
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | https://reason.org/faq/frequently-asked-questions-about-
               | the-...
               | 
               | > The States Reform Act has garnered attention as the
               | first prominent bill sponsored by a House Republican to
               | end the federal prohibition of marijuana, which could
               | help give the proposal some political advantage in its
               | efforts to secure bipartisan support. Congressional
               | Democrats have previously introduced various marijuana
               | legalization proposals, including the Marijuana
               | Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act, and
               | currently have draft language for the Cannabis
               | Administration and Opportunity (CAO) Act. At this time,
               | however, many observers believe neither of the proposals
               | being led by congressional Democrats will be able to
               | secure the necessary Republican votes for passage in the
               | Senate. Any marijuana legalization proposal would need to
               | secure the support of at least 10 Senate Republicans in
               | order to overcome a potential filibuster.
               | 
               | "A small group of Republicans has finally seen the light
               | at a time they've no power to pass legislation, and it'll
               | fail because of Republican opposition in the Senate" is
               | not quite "The Republicans sponsored a bill".
        
             | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
             | Due to things like the electoral college, gerrymandering,
             | vote suppression tactics, and senate representation to name
             | just few, the US is not very democratic. Nor can these be
             | fixed under current conditions because of the above list.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | There's a strong argument for senate representation being
               | a feature, not a bug. After all, it's a democratic
               | republic of a union of separate states.
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | Senate representation is one thing. Requiring a
               | supermajority to pass anything in an already
               | unrepresentative house is just ridiculous, and absolutely
               | does diminish the quality of "democracy" the US has.
               | Especially considering the US house isn't particularly
               | representative either, due to a combination of an
               | absurdly low representative cap and gerrymandering.
               | 
               | The US is certainly more democratic than it was at its
               | founding, when neither the president nor the Senate were
               | entirely directly elected at all, but it's not even close
               | to as democratic as most Americans appear to believe it
               | is.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I assume you're just talking about the filibuster. What
               | about the other super majority votes like ratifying
               | treaties? Also, they could use budget reconciliation to
               | pass a few things to bypass the filibuster.
               | 
               | I think many Americans have been calling it a democracy
               | for shorthand and people forget that it's an adjective
               | for "republic".
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | Imo, "it's not a democracy it's a republic" is a pretty
               | empty statement, because there are no pure democracies
               | (and they are likely to be completely impractical
               | anyways). It seems to be a weird meme among Americans
               | that hints at some kind of exceptionalism, but has very
               | little in the way of practical implications.
               | 
               | For the most part, everyone in the world means
               | approximately the same thing an American does when they
               | say democracy ("a representative constitutional
               | democracy, probably with some degree of regional
               | federalism and bicameralism"). The US neither resembles a
               | pure democracy or the republic the founders created at
               | this point anyways, so it doesn't really matter. These
               | terms are pretty fluid.
               | 
               | Pure democracy is basically never the goal anyways. It's
               | not a _bad_ thing for a system of government to be not
               | entirely democratic, there do have to be checks on pure
               | majoritarianism somehow, but the particulars of the US '
               | democratic lacks seem to be both worse than most
               | Americans imagine them to be, and also far more vestigial
               | if not accidental than they ought to be (many were really
               | there to help uphold slavery and/or prevent
               | reconstruction from fully succeeding).
               | 
               | At this point, the net effect of the US' democratic
               | failings is to create a tyranny of the minority, which
               | can hardly be considered a better failure mode than a
               | tyranny of the majority.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "At this point, the net effect of the US' democratic
               | failings is to create a tyranny of the minority, which
               | can hardly be considered a better failure mode than a
               | tyranny of the majority."
               | 
               | Any source fir it only being tyranny of the minority? I
               | see examples of tyranny of the majority too.
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | No system as complex as the US government is all one of
               | anything in outcomes.
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | There's also a strong argument to be made for citizens to
               | get equal representation when it comes to the crafting of
               | laws that affect them.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | They do. The people get equal representation under the
               | house. The states get equal representation under the
               | senate. This is a feature to control populist movements
               | as well as protect states' interests (which are also
               | composed by the people, but this separate ensures that
               | the culture of one set of state will not be imposed over
               | the other set).
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | The senate does not give people equal representation -
               | regardless of the motivation for having it, this is
               | objectively true.
               | 
               | You can say that you like a system that has this feature
               | for states or it has certain other benefits and so on,
               | but you can't say that it is equal representation because
               | it is not.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | As I said, the house gives people equal representation. A
               | bill will not become law without passing the with through
               | representation of the house. The only limit is that some
               | things the house wants won't pass because the states
               | don't agree.
               | 
               | If you truly want equal representation, then we have to
               | go the direct democracy route since you will not have
               | equal numbers of people under each representative. You
               | also need to get rid of appointments by the executive
               | (including rule making agencies), closed primaries, and
               | provide universal voting including for felons and non-
               | citizens.
               | 
               | So what is this argument for equal representation across
               | the board? I don't see any benefit other than if you want
               | populist movements to succeed based on the whims of the
               | day and potentially at the expense of the minority rights
               | (even more so than today).
               | 
               | The main point here is that state representation was
               | necessary in order to create the country, and is likely
               | necessary for the country to continue. I don't see any
               | argument that supercedes this so far.
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | I understand how it works, and you agree that the senate
               | does not provide equal representation for people, only
               | the states. I'm not suggesting that the numbers for each
               | representative be exactly the same because that's not
               | achievable in practice. What I am saying is that the
               | current system is much less democratic than it could be
               | if either there was no senate or it had proportional
               | representation. You may think that would lead to chaos,
               | but I disagree.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It wouldn't lead to chaos. It could lead to states
               | leaving the union if the senate were dissolved. It's
               | happened in the past when states didn't want to be
               | trampled and the divide seems large today.
               | 
               | But what is the objective benefit to removing the senate?
               | The argument I'm hearing is just that it could be more
               | democratic, but there are many changes that could make
               | things more democratic. Some things are about fairness,
               | like gerrymandering. But I don't see any benefit to
               | removing the senate.
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | Laws like something that could curtail the worst of
               | gerrymandering will never be passed because of the
               | senate. The people that benefit from unequal and unfair
               | representation will never vote to change them. Those
               | people largely sit in the senate unequally representing
               | the people that want positive change.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "Those people largely sit in the senate unequally
               | representing the people that want positive change."
               | 
               | I thought we already covered that they represent states,
               | not people.
               | 
               | By the way, what bill would they pass that would fix
               | gerrymandering? I thought the states had the authority to
               | draw their districts and it can be contentious as to what
               | a _good_ fix is.
               | 
               | And of course we have the same logic on the other side -
               | that a party in power will do what they can to add to
               | their power. We see that with laws about non-citizens
               | voting (struck down), restoring/giving voring rights to
               | groups that would disproportionately support them, and
               | such.
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | > I thought we already covered that they represent
               | states, not people.
               | 
               | We did, and that's the point.
               | 
               | > what bill would they pass that would fix
               | gerrymandering? I thought the states had the authority to
               | draw their districts and it can be contentious as to what
               | a good fix is.
               | 
               | There is no bill, also my point. Also, it's only
               | contentious to those who are deliberately attempting to
               | gerrymander.
               | 
               | > that a party in power will do what they can to add to
               | their power.
               | 
               | I agree with this part, its also my point; that is,
               | undemocratic processes are self-perpetuating and self-
               | strengthening.
               | 
               | > We see that with laws about non-citizens voting (struck
               | down), restoring/giving voting rights to groups that
               | would disproportionately support them, and such.
               | 
               | Interesting that that all your counter examples here are
               | about giving people rights to vote. People having the
               | right to vote is fundamental to democracy. Seems your
               | view on democracy is of the 'only the right sort of
               | people should be allowed to vote' variety, pun intended.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "We did, and that's the point."
               | 
               | Then why are you misrepresenting it to mean something
               | that it doesn't? Only one house is meant to represent
               | people.
               | 
               | "Also, it's only contentious to those who are
               | deliberately attempting to gerrymander."
               | 
               | Maybe for the general idea. But I can see implementation
               | ideas being contentious. That's my point - the solutions
               | are likely to contain biases, and there's going to be
               | opposition to that.
               | 
               | "Interesting that that all your counter examples here are
               | about giving people rights to vote. People having the
               | right to vote is fundamental to democracy. Seems your
               | view on democracy is of the 'only the right sort of
               | people should be allowed to vote' variety, pun intended."
               | 
               | Please name a democracy that has unlimited voting rights.
               | All democracies have some limits. Requiring that someone
               | is a citizen is a damn low bar. Losing rights for
               | felonies can be debated, but that's not too uncommon
               | either. The purpose of those most basic restrictions is
               | do that society does not become influenced by the
               | criminal elements (you're banned from office too) or from
               | outside influence. And guess what, those restrictions
               | were democratically implemented. So please stop with the
               | attacks and more righteous than thou attitude. Please
               | state some argument beyond "fundamental".
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | > The people get equal representation under the house.
               | The states get equal representation under the senate.
               | 
               | Neither of these things are actually true in practice.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Elaborate, please.
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | A person in Wyoming doesn't have equal representation in
               | the house as a person in California, by quite a large
               | margin. The house is not representative in practice.
               | 
               | As I said in another branch of this conversation, the use
               | of the filibuster on nearly all bills of any significance
               | (budgets and confirmations aside) in the Senate (and the
               | chilling effect it's had on even bringing other bills to
               | the floor) means that states are not represented equally
               | either. The most obstructionist states have substantially
               | more legislative power than the ones that want to
               | actually pass bills. This is obviously more abstract, but
               | it's pretty clear that in practice states are not equal
               | in the senate.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The other states also have the power to filibuster things
               | they don't like. This is feature not a bug. We want to
               | fail open (liberty). The way to do that is placing
               | safeguards that make it harder to pass laws, as they are
               | generally imposing restrictions. The passage of any law
               | will negatively affect some minority, the point is to
               | make that group small and avoid straight partisanship via
               | a modest supermajority.
               | 
               | Yes, there are some outliers and discrepancy in the
               | number a representative represents. It probably should be
               | adjusted.
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | It's a feature _to a point_.
               | 
               | I hope it's uncontroversial that, say, blocking a bill to
               | ban slavery is not "failing open," for example, and the
               | persistent effort to prevent slavery from being banned
               | led to many failures in liberty?
               | 
               | When your main bulwark is making it hard to pass bills,
               | all you've really done is make it so that the status quo
               | is powerful. The status quo is not, by default, freedom.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yes, point in time the status quo may not be the most
               | free. The point is that starting from a more free point
               | (the beginning) there were fewer laws that there are now.
               | By having g that protection, how many additional
               | restrictive laws have we prevented? The laws on the books
               | are predominately restrictions, not freedoms/rights. So
               | on a whole, it seems beneficial, even if there have been
               | failings (we can say that about almost any institution).
        
               | jdgoesmarching wrote:
               | No you don't understand, being more democratic in the
               | abstract is more important than actual rights being
               | stripped away or retaining the bare minimum environmental
               | regulations on companies that are destroying the planet.
               | 
               | It's sad how the flimsiest well-actuallys carry so much
               | weight around here. Anyone making arguments around recent
               | decisions being democratic has their head buried in the
               | sand about how blatantly undemocratic the US has been
               | since its inception.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | That's a silly statement. The process is what makes a
               | country democratic.
               | 
               | Creating laws out of thin air and not through the proper
               | processes is the opposite of democratic.
        
               | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
               | Processes were followed and have been for generations.
               | SCOTUS is just flipping the table over now for the
               | benefit of biggest polluting industries, not the
               | citizens, country, or the rule of law.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | I mean it clearly wasn't followed, the legislature was
               | trying to do a run around the right process (explicitly
               | giving the EPA the powers).
               | 
               | This ruling is the right one.
        
               | jdgoesmarching wrote:
               | It's only "clear" for people who accept paper-thin legal
               | logic from a court with an obvious agenda. It's only
               | clear if you're willing to slide down the slippery slope
               | of the court stripping authority from all federal
               | agencies they don't like with the logic that the
               | legislature needs to codify every email sent by an
               | agency.
               | 
               | If you don't like the EPA just say so, but please stop
               | pretending like the Supreme Court is some real arbiter of
               | logic and constitutionality. It has always been (even
               | during liberal courts) an unelected political institution
               | that justifies huge legislative changes with high-minded
               | philosophical hand waving. Occasionally they throw in
               | civil rights decisions for good PR with their aligned
               | base, but even that's on the chopping block with the
               | current court.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | The funny part is your criticism of "paper thin logic" is
               | exactly what the original Roe v Wade decision was.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | equalsione wrote:
             | Over 60% of the US population think abortion should be
             | legal. More than half of US states are (or are very likely)
             | to institute abortion bans.
             | 
             | To the broader point, there has to be _representative_
             | democracy for decentralized decision making to be fair
             | 
             | - https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-
             | interactive/2021/nov/...
        
               | ahtihn wrote:
               | > Over 60% of the US population think abortion should be
               | legal. More than half of US states are (or are very
               | likely) to institute abortion bans.
               | 
               | Could it be that a majority of the population in those
               | states are against abortion? Wouldn't Why should this be
               | regulated at the federal level?
               | 
               | I'm pro-choice but I can understand that some people
               | believe life begins at conception and therefore abortion
               | is murder. If a majority of people in a state believe
               | that, isn't it democratic to let them make laws
               | accordingly?
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | 50% of the US population don't live in 50% of the US
               | states.
               | 
               | This has both benefits and drawback. The decision of more
               | than half of US states will impact less than half the us
               | states citizens.
        
               | cloutchaser wrote:
               | Abortion isn't 0 or 1, legal or not legal.
               | 
               | There's a million nuances in it, rape, incest, medical
               | reasons, and the time of abortion.
               | 
               | The abortion debate doesn't exist in Europe because
               | almost all sides managed to agree on a 12 week limit and
               | it's left alone.
               | 
               | I would guess in 10-20 years the US would arrive at the
               | same conclusion, with small differences between red and
               | blue states.
               | 
               | Stop making this a yes or no issue. And that's not what
               | the Supreme Court did. They didn't ban abortion. If 60%
               | want abortion legal they can vote for whoever gives them
               | that.
        
               | EntropyIsAHoax wrote:
               | > The abortion debate doesn't exist in Europe
               | 
               | That's simply not true.
               | 
               | In Germany's last election, a major issue was about
               | removing a clause disallowing "advertising" abortions. It
               | remains controversial that people seeking abortions have
               | to get extensive psychological counseling from an
               | extremely limited number of therapists before getting an
               | abortion.
               | 
               | In Poland abortion is banned entirely and they are about
               | to start keeping a pregnancy register.
               | 
               | Ireland and Spain also have ongoing debates about the
               | particulars of their laws, with Ireland having just
               | legalized it all in 2018!
        
               | equalsione wrote:
               | > Abortion isn't 0 or 1, legal or not legal. As others
               | have already pointed out below, and I already mentioned,
               | over half of states are ready to enact total bans. The
               | repeal of Roe doesn't make abortion illegal, but it does
               | make a _ban_ on abortion legal, which is exactly what is
               | happening.
               | 
               | > I would guess in 10-20 years the US would arrive at the
               | same conclusion, with small differences between red and
               | blue states.
               | 
               | This data visualisation [0] highlights the problem with
               | this approach.
               | 
               | This isn't an issue where you can sit back and
               | contemplate it as some abstract exercise of democracy. So
               | many women will die, or be persecuted during that 10-20
               | year span you mention and it is completely needless. No
               | one should be adopting a "it'll all work out in the end"
               | mindset.
               | 
               | [0] https://twitter.com/monachalabi/status/99956237146199
               | 2448?la...
        
               | cloutchaser wrote:
               | Yeah, except you are taking a political or moral stance
               | right there, so it's not fair to the rest of the
               | population. Many people believe you are saving many lives
               | in those 10-20 years.
        
               | res0nat0r wrote:
               | The GOP are going to immediately nuke the filibuster and
               | ban abortion at the federal level if they control the
               | government after the next election. Pence has even said
               | this out loud recently. It will likely make no exceptions
               | for rape or incest either. The majority of the country is
               | against this.
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/06/24/aborti
               | on-...
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Tell this to the states passing anti-abortion
               | legislation. They seem to view it as a binary. At a
               | minimum, the burden of proof for exceptions is high with
               | the penalties being life in prison in more than a few
               | states.
        
               | throwaway4aday wrote:
               | > there has to be _representative_ democracy for
               | decentralized decision making to be fair
               | 
               | So fix the actual problem instead of trying to kludge
               | your way around it.
        
             | timeon wrote:
             | > things that the majority doesn't actually want
             | 
             | Majority of square feet of land or majority of people?
        
               | cloutchaser wrote:
               | The majority of people don't want to allow abortions at
               | 36 weeks, but they also don't want abortions completely
               | banned.
               | 
               | So there is a democratic debate to be had about where in
               | the middle the non extreme two sides could meet. (In
               | Europe there is no debate about abortion and most
               | countries allow it to 12 weeks).
               | 
               | Better to have a debate and both sides compromise than
               | some court deciding on one of the most extreme views. The
               | Supreme Court didn't ban abortion, they did however allow
               | it to 36 weeks for decades.
               | 
               | What they did do last week is say: hey guys, it's a
               | federal democracy, why don't you fucking debate it and
               | legislate it somehow where both sides can agree, as is
               | normal with divisive issues in a democracy
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Pretty much this.
               | 
               | Even RBG said that Roe v Wade was on shaky ground as a
               | legal precedent.
               | 
               | And what people don't realize is that if Roe v Wade
               | wasn't overturn the next ruling discussed was _allowing
               | further restrictions by states_ , further eroding the
               | precedent.
               | 
               | The alternative was just kicking the can down the road
               | until the next challenge.
               | 
               | This just ripped the bandaid off.
        
             | briffle wrote:
             | I understand your point, but at the same time, I don't want
             | the same "it is like a series of tubes" guys mandating some
             | airplane technology pushed by the highest campaign
             | contribution either.
        
               | Siddarth1977 wrote:
               | I have a degree in computer science and a couple decades
               | of experience with software development for, and
               | deployment on, the internet.
               | 
               | I think the metaphor of comparing internet bandwidth to
               | pipes/tubes carrying water is perfectly apt. It seems
               | like a very simple, direct and effective way to describe
               | issues of bandwidth, connectivity, congestion and overall
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | I've never quite understood why we all pretended like
               | that was a bad analogy. I guess just because it came out
               | of the mouth of an old, white Republican.
        
               | hairofadog wrote:
               | It's because his delivery of that analogy came across as
               | unhinged and shouty, and he posited that emails from his
               | staff took days to arrive because of Netflix.
        
             | prpl wrote:
             | This is an interstate issue, as emissions do not respect
             | state lines, so it can't be decentralized to the states if
             | that's what you are implying.
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | > Congress has for far too long abdicated what it is supposed
           | to be directly responsible for to unelected bureaucrats that
           | exist in agencies that are overseen by the executive branch
           | of government.
           | 
           | Yes, that's what the executive branch is for. That's how our
           | government and basically every government in the history of
           | the world has worked.
           | 
           | > When is the last time you've seen anyone from Congress
           | campaign on any substantive issue?
           | 
           | Literally every campaign in my life that I've had any
           | exposure to. Campaigning on real issues is not hard, the
           | problem is getting into Congress and then being unwilling or
           | unable to follow through.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | Many of those unelected bureaucrats are experts in their
           | fields due to their ability to focus for entire careers.
        
             | zajio1am wrote:
             | So they should prepare law novelization for cabinet,
             | cabinet should push it to legislature, and legislature
             | should vote on that. Like in any other country.
        
             | throw10920 wrote:
             | Is Congress not capable of listening to those experts and
             | then publicly debating which of their suggestions to
             | implement?
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | Even if we had a competent, non-bitterly partisan
               | Congress, no.
               | 
               | Because then you're left with who is better convincing
               | uninformed people; the experts, or paid lobbyists.
        
               | thrown321 wrote:
               | Congress writes laws vague enough for the experts to
               | implement the policy. It's always been this way. It will
               | be total chaos if Congress has to explicate the specific.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Have you met our Congress?
        
               | drew-y wrote:
               | They are not. Even if we assume congress wasn't a
               | complete gridlocked mess, they simply do not have the
               | bandwidth. There 535 Members of Congress and they work
               | less than 200 days a year in a typical session.
               | 
               | How many regulatory bodies are there that need rules
               | passed? I can think of the FAA, FTC, EPA, FDA, USDA, and
               | the NRC just off the top of my head. A quick google
               | search shows there are 19 of these rule making agencies.
               | Even with a wide distribution of rule making authority,
               | these agencies struggle to keep up with our rapidly
               | evolving world.
               | 
               | Forcing congress to hear and make a decision on every
               | single regulation these agencies propose would be a
               | bottleneck that brings this country to it's knees.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | > There 535 Members of Congress and they work less than
               | 200 days a year in a typical session.
               | 
               | Sure, Congress is in session for about 200 days, and even
               | when it is the elected officials aren't typically on the
               | floor for the full day. But that doesn't mean that when
               | they aren't on the floor they aren't necessarily working.
               | They could be meeting with constituents, with their
               | staff, reading bills, going to committee meetings, just
               | meeting with other reps/senators etc.
               | 
               | You make it sound like they don't do anything.
        
               | ISL wrote:
               | 365 * 5 / 7 = 260.
               | 
               | Removing ~3 weeks vacation gets you down to 245. Eleven
               | federal holidays? 234.
               | 
               | 200 days/year sounds like an almost full-time job?
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | They have no obligation to actually show up. Many miss
               | more votes than they are present for.
               | 
               | Also, most sessions only run a few hours, and many more
               | are pro forms, where the minimum quorum show up (I think
               | this is something like 15 or 20), open the session and
               | then immediately close it.
        
               | elsonrodriguez wrote:
               | Congress members bring snowballs to the floor as evidence
               | that climate change isn't real. Some of this behavior is
               | due to personal beliefs, but there are other factors:
               | 
               | https://www.opensecrets.org/industries/indus.php?ind=E01
               | 
               | So due to the ignorance and corruption among conservative
               | lawmakers regarding climate change and carbon emissions,
               | congress has been in an ideological deadlock on the issue
               | of climate initiatives. The EPA existing somewhat
               | independent of that framework was a benefit.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Congress has the powers to investigate, deliberate, and
               | legislate. Not administrate. That power was explicitly
               | granted to the executive branch.
        
             | nimish wrote:
             | And? It's Congress' job to make policy and pass laws.
             | 
             | They can and should take advice but the whole point of
             | democracy is that the policymakers are democratically
             | accountable.
        
             | xyzzyz wrote:
        
           | wkearney99 wrote:
           | have you met any congress personnel? fence posts would be
           | insulted to be compared to some of them.
           | 
           | there's definitely a gap between regulatory officials making
           | regulations and legislature codifying the details. This is
           | where appointing heads of those departments is supposed to
           | come to bear.
           | 
           | It's a mess, but the answer isn't to let lobbyists and
           | special interests burn the house down.
        
             | gumby wrote:
             | > have you met any congress personnel? fence posts would be
             | insulted to be compared to some of them.
             | 
             | have you met any congress personnel? "dedicated",
             | "idealistic", and/or "thoughtful" apply to some of them.
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | It's not like the regulators are incorruptible. The
             | regulators get captured all the time. I don't know what the
             | right answer is here.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | The right answer here is that Congress explicitly
               | delegated a decision to the EPA administrator, so they
               | should be allowed to make that decision. The court's
               | decision is well-argued, but it seems to come down to "I
               | know Congress said you could do this, but it's a really
               | big deal and they might not have thought it through
               | enough, so you have to go ask for permission again before
               | you do it". It's kind of patronizing to both the EPA and
               | Congress, and I don't think it's a good decision or
               | precedent.
        
       | steveylang wrote:
       | The fundamental issue is, is carbon dioxide an air pollutant?
       | This is not so much about interpretation of the Clean Air Act
       | IMO, as it is about peoples' opposing views on carbon dioxide as
       | a significant contributor to climate change.
       | 
       | Those who believe carbon dioxide absolutely is contributing to
       | climate change and harming our planet would likely classify
       | carbon dioxide as an air pollutant and thus believe the EPA has
       | the power to regulate it. Those that believe otherwise are not
       | going to consider carbon dioxide an 'air pollutant' and thus not
       | subject EPA regulation.
        
         | vzcx wrote:
         | I don't think that's at question in this case. It was decided
         | in Massachusetts v. EPA that EPA is required to make that
         | determination itself. Three years after that decision, EPA
         | basically answered "we think it is."
         | 
         | The court isn't bringing any of that up in this opinion. They
         | are looking only at whether Congress specifically delegated EPA
         | the power to regulate emissions by means of "generation
         | shifting". The majority opinion was "no, they didn't."
        
       | methehack wrote:
        
         | enragedcacti wrote:
         | A huge piece of this is that they are creating judicial tests
         | that are hugely subjective.
         | 
         | They are happy to issue this ruling because when some policy
         | they like comes around they have given themselves the legal
         | cover to interpret it as a constrained delegation of power.
         | 
         | The same can be said for the historical tests they have
         | introduced. They ask that judges look for the "history and
         | tradition" of various activities knowing that they don't have
         | to defer to an actual historian or linguist. They can find the
         | history that agrees with them or _form the question_ such that
         | the history agrees with them. e.g. in the case of Dobbs, the
         | question they asked was  "is access to abortion part of our
         | history or tradition?" when they could have just as reasonably
         | asked "is privacy and bodily autonomy part of our history or
         | tradition?"
         | 
         | It is calvinball as jurisprudence and the cases this term are
         | far from the last time we will see these 5 blatantly contradict
         | themselves and/or good faith interpretation to reach a policy
         | outcome.
        
       | redler wrote:
       | This ruling subjects the ability of a regulatory agency to
       | actually regulate to the "for my friends, anything; for my
       | enemies, the law" test.
        
       | pupppet wrote:
       | Everyone stating this is a good thing because it's not the
       | Supreme Court's job to do xyz are conveniently ignoring the fact
       | these decisions are being made due to tribalism, not out of some
       | concern for rule of law.
        
         | the_doctah wrote:
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | These people could be part of their respective tribes because
         | they believe that the rule of law dictates one thing or
         | another. Many of these Justices in the past have followed their
         | own philosophies, which happen to align with one party or
         | another.
         | 
         | We just happen to have people who have a very... different...
         | idea about what the law means than their predecessors.
        
         | chickenpotpie wrote:
         | Also, even if the surpreme court was completely correct to do
         | this: why is this their focus? Why is this so much more
         | important than the the thousands of other cases waiting for
         | their attention?
        
           | the_doctah wrote:
           | You ask this like there isn't some long-established, drawn
           | out process for getting a case before the Supreme Court.
        
             | chickenpotpie wrote:
             | And many cases have already gone through this process. This
             | wasn't the only case available for them.
        
         | jimmygrapes wrote:
         | The actual decisions do not reflect that at all, and they go
         | into great depth to explain the reasoning, none of which seems
         | remotely ideological (other than legal ideology which is
         | orthogonal to political leaning).
        
           | parrellel wrote:
           | Like the school prayer case from yesterday where Gorsuch was
           | literally making things up in his opinion, so Sontomayer
           | included photos of the offending action to show that Gorsuch
           | was making things up in his opinion?
           | 
           | The legal trappings of the conservative positions have been
           | explicitly merely legal trappings.
        
         | justinhj wrote:
        
         | ALittleLight wrote:
         | How do you know this? Do you disagree with the outcomes or
         | agree with them? If you disagree with the outcomes then it may
         | come across as calling people who disagree with you tribal
         | because they reached the "wrong" conclusions.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | I agree with the Court. Quoting a WSJ story
       | https://www.wsj.com/articles/supreme-court-limits-environmen....
       | 
       | 'WASHINGTON--The Supreme Court on Thursday curtailed the
       | Environmental Protection Agency's powers to restrict greenhouse-
       | gas emissions from power plants, in a decision that could limit
       | the authority of government agencies to address major policy
       | questions without congressional approval.
       | 
       | Elaborating on earlier decisions, the high court said federal
       | agencies need explicit authorization from Congress to decide
       | issues of major economic and political significance, drawing on a
       | principle known as the "major questions doctrine."
       | 
       | In his decision for the 6-3 majority, Chief Justice John Roberts
       | said Congress never gave the EPA the authority to change the
       | methods a power plant uses--regulations known as "generation
       | shifting" requirements.
       | 
       | Chief Justice Roberts said that forcing a nationwide transition
       | away from coal may be a "sensible" idea, but the EPA cannot do so
       | without a clear authority from Congress.
       | 
       | "A decision of such magnitude and consequence rests with Congress
       | itself, or an agency acting pursuant to a clear delegation from
       | that representative body," the chief justice wrote, adding that
       | the "EPA claimed to discover an unheralded power representing a
       | transformative expansion of its regulatory authority in the vague
       | language of a long-extant, but rarely used, statute."'
        
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