[HN Gopher] An NFT That Saves Lives
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An NFT That Saves Lives
        
       Author : prtkgpt
       Score  : 124 points
       Date   : 2021-05-04 14:56 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (paulgraham.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (paulgraham.com)
        
       | serd wrote:
       | Can PG sell it later for more?
        
       | dandanua wrote:
       | Actually, I'm glad that this happened.
       | 
       | Now everyone can see the essence of NFT scams.
       | 
       | Basically, he made an investment asset from a _donation_ , with
       | an ability to gain more later.
       | 
       | How this can be called a donation, if you are going to make more
       | money from a single fact of it, FOR YOURSELF?
       | 
       | Hypocrisy maxed out.
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | awesome, this is great, a good way to show off NFT's
        
       | fwip wrote:
       | Just put up a donation link, please.
        
         | marris wrote:
         | https://www.noorahealth.org/donate
        
       | joelthelion wrote:
       | This is no better than uploading a PDF report on the NGO's
       | website. An NFT does not bring any additional guarantees, adds a
       | ton of complexity and most definitely doesn't save lives.
        
       | jellicle wrote:
       | Charity = good
       | 
       | Cryptoscams = bad
       | 
       | Want to contribute money? Write a check. Don't sully charitable
       | operations by trying to glue a cryptoscam onto them.
       | 
       | It seems rude to flag a link to paulgraham.com on Hacker News,
       | but I'm going to do it anyway. Down with cryptoscams, even ones
       | promoted by Graham.
        
       | eternauta3k wrote:
       | If the ~$1000 per life figure is accurate, the GiveWell[1] guys
       | will be all over this.
       | 
       | [1] http://givewell.org
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | I'm on a poor Internet connection and can't read the page but a
         | search indicates that GiveWell is aware of Noora:
         | 
         | https://www.givewell.org/research/incubation-grants/charity-...
         | 
         | It would be interesting to read about how it compares to
         | GiveWell's recommended charities.
        
         | timlod wrote:
         | One thing when considering effective giving is that cost-
         | effectiveness does not scale linearly with the investment -
         | this figure may well be accurate for the investments they've
         | received, but that doesn't mean that additional investments
         | will be effective to the same degree.
         | 
         | For example, in this case, educating mothers about how to take
         | care of their babies will be very effective until most of the
         | population is educated - from that point on, there may only
         | need to be ongoing low investment to keep that level of
         | education.
         | 
         | In general, effective giving would try to keep highly-effective
         | charities well-funded, but not have them store excess
         | investments - if not all of the donations can be "activated",
         | the charity becomes less effective per dollar.
        
       | advisedwang wrote:
       | Is the donation still tax-deductible if you do it through a NFT?
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | I've suspected that the point of NFTs is to transfer
         | cryptocurrency into an asset with a different volatility
         | proifle without "realizing gains," or even use them as loss
         | makers to offset capital gains, so indirectly, maybe?
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | Are purchases from charities tax deductible? I thought it was
         | only donations
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | The amountyou pay in excess of the market value, is
           | deductible as a donation. This is how charity auctions of
           | commodities work. What's the market value of the NFT? Who
           | knows?
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | The market value is whatever somebody is willing to pay. If
             | PG will pay $2.6 million for the NFT, that's its market
             | value.
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | I used to run the tech side for a couple of UK-based aid
       | organisations (just out of college - basically database
       | management and home brewed campaign work.)
       | 
       | We had _terrible_ marketing response once we left a core base of
       | existing donors - getting new donors in the door for a non-profit
       | was (at least for us) a constant challenge. However, once some
       | external event (sadly some horrific disaster) occurred we would
       | see a spike in willing donors.
       | 
       | So this looks like a non-horrific external event - something that
       | might make (at 2 million dollars very rich) rich donors dig deep
       | and contribute.
       | 
       | Great - taking money from the wealthy and putting it to good use
       | is a perfect use of anyone's time and effort, I hope they raise
       | twice what they expect.
       | 
       | Whatever you think of NFTs, I don't care - take advantage of any
       | opportunity to increase your donor base - its tough enough out
       | there :-)
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | Has your past employer perchance switched from a "give what you
         | can" to a subscription "pay X per month" model? The latter has
         | proven to be remarkably unpopular with the public.
        
           | lifeisstillgood wrote:
           | This was the best part of 30 years ago - they are still all
           | in existence but I cannot comment on their detailed
           | fundraising techniques :-(
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | I'm only doing anonymous donations these days. Too many
           | places do not respect your request to not be contacted in the
           | future.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | We donated to the EDF once; the sheer volume of junk mail
             | they and their data broker sent us enraged us so much that
             | we've sworn off ever giving them money again.
        
       | macawfish wrote:
       | It's weird seeing a website that so vehemently defends artificial
       | speculation in housing markets get so worked up about digital
       | raffle tickets
        
         | dang wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26975955
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26918270
         | 
         | " _Please don 't sneer, including at the rest of the
         | community._"
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | macawfish wrote:
           | My bad, the stakes are high. I'll work to cool it next time.
        
       | mxwsn wrote:
       | The latest NFT craze is primarily for one-of-a-kind items. I'd
       | rather see an org like Noora Health sell unlimited NFTs.
       | 
       | What's exciting is the capability for decentralized apps to
       | interact with NFTs. For example, other ethereum-based games are
       | able to detect and interact with cryptokitty NFTs without the
       | permission of the cryptokitty designer. As a blockchain token
       | proof of donating to charity, you can imagine apps that encourage
       | more donations by recognizing donaters in special ways to help
       | build social capital.
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | Automatic membership to services based on total amount of
         | donations to any charity on the blockchain could be a cool
         | thing.
         | 
         | Like, 'to stream this movie, you must have donated $100 to any
         | charity within the last 24 hours'.
        
       | psswrd12345 wrote:
       | Amazing how short sighted HN is when it comes to NFTs. Blindly
       | accepting the "bad for climate" tripe and showing utter ignorance
       | to the upcoming transition away from energy guzzling proof-of-
       | work to a proof-of-stake world. Sad to see this community act so
       | willfully ignorant to all things crypto.
        
         | McGlockenshire wrote:
         | > upcoming transition away from
         | 
         | Read: Not here yet, so still doing the whole energy guzzling
         | proof-of-work thing.
         | 
         | NFTs are a dumb fad that's likely to die out before the always-
         | around-the-corner move away from PoW.
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | I don't get it. A non-profit is inherently a centralized entity.
       | What's the point of using a blockchain in this scenario?
        
         | throwaway_isms wrote:
         | > non-profit is inherently a centralized entity.
         | 
         | I would have actually said the opposite, if there is one
         | inherently decentralized type of entity that is officially
         | recognized by central authorities it is a non-profit.
         | 
         | Yes, non-profits exist because of centralized authorities, if
         | they have exempt status for purposes of taxes that
         | determination comes from a centralized tax authority, but a
         | non-profit itself has no owners and is generally governed by
         | the members. The members generally elect a board of directors
         | but that is just representative of the collective decentralized
         | members and should serve at their collective discretion through
         | vote, the board as the official representatives appoints the
         | Officers that manage the day to day business of the entity.
         | There are arguments to be made, and not all non-profits are
         | structured identically, but inherent in all of them is no
         | ownership, so should a non-profit be dissolved and have assets,
         | those assets are not distributed to any ownership class but
         | must be distributed to other non-profits. Based on the lack of
         | profits and ownership, non-profits are more decentralized in
         | nature than many organizations claiming to be DAOs most of
         | which are organized around the concept of an ownership class
         | and profits.
        
         | psswrd12345 wrote:
         | Verifiable donations, fully transparent reporting/auditing, no
         | restrictions on who can donate, NFTs tied to donations that can
         | be used for virtue signaling online, etc.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | A blockchain isn't necessary for any of these things, though.
        
             | psswrd12345 wrote:
             | Might not be "necessary", but sure as heck makes all that a
             | lot easier. Sure, one could design their own system that
             | accomplishes all of those features, but why if there's an
             | existing infrastructure layer that anyone can build on that
             | already offers it? Especially a non-profit that likely
             | lacks the technical expertise and resources?
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | I don't understand your point - are you suggesting a non-
               | profit will find blockchain easier than a regular ledger?
               | Any organization that accepts donations now can already
               | do all of the things you originally mentioned, for free,
               | by simply signing the donation receipts.
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | > are you suggesting a non-profit will find blockchain
               | easier than a regular ledger?
               | 
               | For the features outlined before ("Verifiable donations,
               | fully transparent reporting/auditing, no restrictions on
               | who can donate"), for sure!
               | 
               | First you have to come up with a ledger you can run on
               | your server, but that visitors should be able to verify
               | that what your server responds, is actually the values,
               | and that you haven't manipulated those values in any way.
               | How do you even do that? Since you are running the
               | software, you can modify it, either on the machine
               | itself, or in transit.
               | 
               | Secondly, you need to come up with a way of avoiding
               | AML/KYC since that or similar exists in most countries.
               | You might need to hire a lawyer just in order to write
               | the user-stories for your sprint.
               | 
               | Or, use existing software and boom, thing done. Publish
               | and then circle jerk on Twitter.
        
             | casi18 wrote:
             | It works very well for all of them though.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | A PDF of my Watsi donation and credit card statement is
               | just as good without any blockchain Rube Goldberg
               | mechanizations. By all means, digitally sign the PDF [1]
               | if you want to be fancy and hip, but you don't need a
               | blockchain, nor is it going to tell you if the healthcare
               | donated towards was actually delivered.
               | 
               | If the argument is, "It's on the blockchain for trust
               | purposes!" my retort is, "Do you not trust the nonprofit?
               | And if you don't, _why are you giving them money?_ "
               | 
               | Please, do donate to non profits that align with your
               | philanthropy interests, but don't get caught up in hype.
               | 
               | [1] https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/certificate-
               | based-sign...
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | Watsi seems to offer donations via credit cards and
               | Paypal, neither which I think supports $2.4 Mil
               | donations, but I'm unsure, never tried it myself. Watsi
               | overall don't seem to fit the "no restrictions on who can
               | donate" part either, as they are an American non-profit
               | (subject to US laws, including embargoes).
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Can you name a non profit not governed by nation state
               | monetary and financial regulation policy you'd donate to?
               | I cannot.
               | 
               | If I was going to donate a substantial sum to Watsi, I
               | would wire it to them and have the wire receipt as proof
               | of money transmittal.
        
         | p4bl0 wrote:
         | Destroying the environment I guess. And surfing on the sad hype
         | that the NFT buzzword have.
        
           | selfhoster11 wrote:
           | Except that there are more power-efficient ways to build a
           | blockchain than the Bitcoin approach. There's nothing
           | inherent about NFTs that means they must destroy the earth.
        
             | p4bl0 wrote:
             | There is nothing inherent about NFTs.
             | 
             | You got that right.
        
       | casi18 wrote:
       | I imagine @pleasrdao might be bidding on this.
       | 
       | A nice example of what global settlement layers and co-ordination
       | tools can be (and should be) used for.
        
       | nrmitchi wrote:
       | I'm not sure why this is an NFT other than trying to capitalize
       | on the current craze. NFT or not, a charity should still "issue a
       | public report tracking how this specific tranche of money is
       | spent, and estimating the number of lives saved as a result".
       | Having decent reporting on how efficient your charity is feels
       | like it should be basic table-stakes in order to raise more money
       | in the future.
       | 
       | Is this really any different than a charity asking for donations?
       | 
       | Edit: asking for _one very large_ charitable donation.
        
         | catilac wrote:
         | I just deleted my comment wondering the same thing. I don't
         | understand why something like opencollective couldn't be used.
         | Give money to org, see how money is spent. The NFT is
         | completely unnecessary.
        
           | nrmitchi wrote:
           | Consider paulg looks to be the only bid (so far, maybe that
           | could change), this kind of looks like trading a $2.5M
           | donation (that likely would have been made anyways) for a
           | feel-good news article pumping a use-case for NFTs as a
           | whole.
        
         | gnopgnip wrote:
         | This is a charity auction, a common way for charities to get
         | donations. The purchase can make sense for the buyer because
         | they get the good will of the donation, and they get an NFT
         | potentially they could resell later that could be valuable
         | because it is saving lives. The only thing the NFT directly
         | does is mathematically prove to some future buyer that this NFT
         | is the original and not a forgery. And it makes sense for Noora
         | because of all the hype and money being spent on NFTs. If they
         | were auctioning off a signed physical binder of the same report
         | it would probably sell for a lot less even though it is
         | effectively the same thing.
        
         | dasudasu wrote:
         | It really isn't. It's just a fancy receipt that also happens to
         | be particularly harmful to the environment. There is nothing
         | preventing a shady charity from embezzling the funds. As with
         | everything blockchain related, trust stops every time there
         | needs to be an interaction with the real world.
        
         | zebnyc wrote:
         | Lots of folks buy NFTs as an investment vehicle expecting them
         | to increase in value in the future. What is the value
         | proposition of this as an NFT? Why would anyone want to buy
         | this NFT from PG? If the price of this NFT were to go up & a
         | new investor wanted to buy it, they would just buy a receipt
         | that PG paid 2.5 million for this NFT. How does this benefit
         | the investor or the charity?(Noora Health)
         | 
         | The more I learn about NFTs the less I understand.
        
         | yawnxyz wrote:
         | I thought they would create 100k tokens at $25 so everyone
         | could donate, but also the value of the tokens could go up in
         | the future. That would've been cool.
         | 
         | But... no. It's a single token worth millions of dollars, so no
         | one an actually participate, except PaulG himself
        
           | liuliu wrote:
           | If it is $25 a token with 100k of them, these are not exactly
           | non-fungible, isn't it :)
        
             | yawnxyz wrote:
             | well, some NFTs do have thousands copies, etc. -- they're
             | not always unique, but I get your point haha. Maybe they
             | should have done it as a ICO / social coin instead :P
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | > well, some NFTs do have thousands copies, etc. --
               | they're not always unique
               | 
               | What? No. They are unique and not the same as the others,
               | that's what makes them NFTs in the first place.
               | 
               | A NFT that has thousands of copies is just a
               | cryptocurrency... You might mean that there are
               | "collections" of NFTs, where the artwork happens to be
               | the same and the author is the same. But each individual
               | piece of that is it's own NFT and not a copy.
        
               | nrmitchi wrote:
               | You're just being extremely pedantic around the use of
               | the word "copy" to try to make your point. If you have
               | thousands of things where the artwork is the same and the
               | author is the same, we have a word for that: "copies".
               | 
               | Putting an ID on each one doesn't make them any less
               | "copies"; they're just numbered copies. Sure, you can
               | call that a "collection" if you want, but they are a
               | bunch of instances of the "same thing".
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | Well, without being pedantic about the use of "copy", we
               | might as well use "NFT" and "cryptocurrency"
               | interchangeably, but it's useful to make the distinction
               | between as they are different.
               | 
               | If you pipe /dev/random to 100 different files and hash
               | them, the content are "the same" in the sense that they
               | are all filled with garbage. But if you hashed the
               | content, you'll get different hashes. Use those as Global
               | IDs, and you have something like a NFT. The same, but
               | also not the same as they are unique.
        
         | babyshake wrote:
         | It would make more sense to sell this as an NFT if it were
         | paired with a thematically related artwork. A wealthy buyer
         | would be able to display the NFT in their home and brag about
         | all the lives they saved when they bought it.
        
           | jonathankoren wrote:
           | How do you display an NFT? Isn't it literally just a hex
           | code, with actual asset hosted somewhere else, which is
           | publicly accessible by everyone? I'm serious. Isn't that all
           | it is? A pointer to some other resource, without access
           | control at all?
           | 
           | At least when I bought a beanie baby, I got beanie baby. NFTs
           | always felt like paying money, then printing up the first
           | picture of a beanie baby from a Google image search, and then
           | trying to convince yourself that had the only one.
        
             | yourabstraction wrote:
             | Currently I see NFTs as a new status symbol, but without a
             | way to display them (ie: flex your status/wealth). However,
             | if you think the world will move further towards the
             | digital realm where people will spend large portions of
             | their lives in shared virtual worlds, this problem goes
             | away.
             | 
             | There will be virtual worlds where only the true owner of
             | the NFT (can prove with digital signature) can display
             | their artwork. It's not so different from people flexing
             | with their skins in various games, so I don't think it's
             | much of a stretch to imagine a virtual world where people
             | have virtual properties, houses, businesses, etc. where
             | they display their NFT artwork. Have a look at Decentraland
             | for an idea of where this might be heading.
        
             | babyshake wrote:
             | Agreed. If you don't acquire the rights to the contents of
             | the NFT when you buy it, it's not very clear what you are
             | buying. If you do acquire the rights (including cash flow)
             | then buying an NFT has very real meaning.
        
           | lifeisstillgood wrote:
           | Yes.
           | 
           | Good idea, and one I hope yet another decent charity uses.
           | And frankly its _waaaay_ more PR friendly than  'a report on
           | our spending effectiveness'.
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | > I'm not sure why this is an NFT
         | 
         | That's what I've said about every existing NFT.
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | Ever seen a programmer creating programs in Brainfuck? I
           | don't think I'll never understand Brainfuck, but I do have
           | some understanding of why you'd wanna write a program in it.
           | 
           | Ever seen these abstract paintings that go for millions of
           | dollars? How dare they? I don't understand anything of it,
           | it's weird as fuck, but it doesn't really hurt anybody more
           | than anything else so why care?
           | 
           | I feel like NFTs fall into a similar category. I understand
           | them, I just don't want them. But I do understand that the
           | same people who would collect baseball cards or whatever (I
           | also never understood that) could see something in NFTs. Same
           | with the art-crowd who been struggling with funding for
           | individual artists, I don't want it myself, but I kind of see
           | why others would somehow.
        
             | codegladiator wrote:
             | I don't see any brain fuck programmer trying to convince us
             | that bf is the future. nobody is trying to convince someone
             | else to code in bf.
             | 
             | same with the abstract art. someone did it, it happened,
             | people appreciated. but they knew that's all about it. no
             | artist telling us to do it.
             | 
             | And nft isn't even comparable, it's just become another
             | term for cypto coin. Two years ago this would an ICO. coin
             | to save lifes.
        
       | mplewis wrote:
       | Great, now pg is deep into the Ponzi scheme.
        
       | dvt wrote:
       | Seeing pg peddle NFTs after a16z did it just a few weeks ago is
       | kind of depressing. I guess Silicon Valley VCs must be _really_
       | stinging about missing out on Bitcoin a few years ago. Not to
       | mention that disguising what 's essentially a money-making scheme
       | as a benevolent donation is morally murky at best.
        
         | tomhoward wrote:
         | Giant assumption that Silicon Valley VCs missed out on Bitcoin.
         | YC invested in Coinbase in 2012. Andreessen Horowitz and Union
         | Square Ventures invested in 2013. You don't think their
         | partners bought at least a bit of Bitcoin then as well?
        
           | dvt wrote:
           | > You don't think their partners bought at least a bit of
           | Bitcoin then as well?
           | 
           | I have no way of knowing but I'd wager probably not; VCs
           | invest in highly-speculative moonshot ideas all the time.
           | Back then, crypto was mostly naive zealotry. And these days,
           | it's mostly greed. It seems people forgot BitTorrent circa
           | 1999-2003 -- it's history literally repeating itself.
        
             | tomhoward wrote:
             | Marc Andreessen was publicly speaking of Bitcoin as an
             | important technology in 2014 [1]. He sounded like a true
             | believer then, not a moonshot speculator.
             | 
             | I remember Sam Altman (then YC president) tweeting about
             | him and other YC partners trading Bitcoin in about 2014
             | too. And I heard of Peter Thiel having bit Bitcoin
             | investments several years ago.
             | 
             | It's not so true that VC's "invest in highly-speculative
             | moonshot ideas". YC does as their business model is to bet
             | on a huge pool to catch the outliers. But traditional VCs
             | have to defend their investments to LPs so have to be more
             | prudent. Any VC investing in Bitcoin companies in 2013 was
             | doing so because they personally believed Bitcoin had huge
             | potential.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.econtalk.org/marc-andreessen-on-venture-
             | capital-...
        
         | casi18 wrote:
         | They absolutely didn't miss bitcoin. Thiel gave Vitalik a
         | scholorship to drop out of university and work on ethereum.
         | a16z have been massive supporters of cryptocurrency startups,
         | as have YC (isnt coinbase their best investment?). Naval,
         | Balajis, Alexis Ohanian. The common thread is crypto.
         | 
         | It seems like it is just the HN commenters that don't seem to
         | understand why and still talk about Tulips. Meanwhile reddit is
         | working on community tokens, ebay working on nft listings...
        
           | knowaveragejoe wrote:
           | The common sentiment on HN with regards to crypto is baffling
           | to me. It's like they stopped paying attention in 2017.
        
       | svarog-run wrote:
       | These days
       | 
       | HN commentor = hate computer science
        
       | miguelmota wrote:
       | This is interesting but a gofundme or regular fundraising event
       | could achieve the same thing, without paying high miner fees too.
        
       | aogaili wrote:
       | While I never understood the value of most NFTs yet. I'm still
       | not sure if I'm too smart and too stupid. But either way,
       | Donation NFT sounds better than the Fart NFT I read about the
       | other day. But I'm still not sure what the NFT is for and how
       | exactly it will save any life..People seem lost in abstractions
       | and fictional stories..
        
       | spamalot159 wrote:
       | Seems like even PG is succumbing to the hype of NFTs. I don't
       | understand how this will be any better than just doing a donation
       | drive and it could possibly be worse for the planet.
        
         | klyrs wrote:
         | This is generally the problem with idolizing people. PG is a
         | human. Humans do stupid stuff.
        
           | dandanua wrote:
           | Why do you think it's stupid? He is legitimizing blockchains
           | with the hope that the price will grow (infinitely) and he
           | will be at the top of this human pyramid.
           | 
           | Ah, and what about saved lives? Pyramid supporters don't give
           | a sh*t about lower levels of the pyramid. That's the main
           | point of building it.
        
             | klyrs wrote:
             | Sure, I should have said that humans fail to live up to the
             | lofty standards that people expect of their idols. But
             | "people are stupid" rolls off the toungue, as it were
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | throwaway_isms wrote:
       | Back when YC experimented with application through the community,
       | or "Apply YC:", I deployed a YCCoin on Ethereum and applied.
       | Basically decentralized Karma.
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15226688
       | 
       | There was one comment "why would I use this?" Rightly or wrongly
       | it seems that is still the question everyone has for NFTs.
       | 
       | At the same time in 2017 I had simultaneously built out
       | redditco.in, igco.in, and facebookco.in. If you follow NFTs you
       | might be familiar with the Tweet NFTs and Jack's first tweet
       | getting a multimillion dollar bid, right as that was occurring I
       | got a cease and desist/trademark infringement letter from FB. In
       | a responsive letter I encouraged FB to allow me to auction
       | Zuckerberg's first FB post as an NFT along side Jack's Tweet and
       | with that I would gladly transfer them the domain names. It
       | sounds dumb at best, tinfoil conspiracy at worst, but that is
       | exactly when the bids on Jack's Tweet and all the media
       | surrounding it stopped, and I never got a reply to my response to
       | the TM infringement letter.
       | 
       | From there the NFT rabbit hole only got deeper as I began
       | receiving quid pro quos, or pay to play requests for invitations
       | to join an "exclusive" NFT marketplace, even getting a retweet
       | from one of the anonymous NFT collectors on Twitter that has
       | spent millions on NFTs as proof the quid pro quo requests were
       | legit. The Twitter account I was using literally had 1 follower,
       | but was being retweeted by an anonymous NFT collector spending
       | millions (I think even bought one of Grimes' NFTs for about
       | $750K).
       | 
       | I will say this for pg's essay, this NFT, and bid...at least pg
       | and company did not create an anonymous or fake persona or
       | personality and pg openly placed the initial bid. However, unless
       | this results in so much backlash no one wants to touch it, my
       | guess is consistent with the entire NFT space, the ultimate bid
       | for this NFT will end up being some anonymous NFT collector with
       | a record of spending millions "collecting" NFTs.
        
       | lucasnortj wrote:
       | NFTs are idiotic, an NFT in the service of a worthy goal is no
       | less pointless nor idiotic
        
       | jtsiskin wrote:
       | There is 1 bidder, paulg1
        
       | marris wrote:
       | The NFT here seems to be a publicity stunt to both raise money
       | directly from the auction and also to raise awareness about the
       | charity. I had never heard of this charity before this stunt, and
       | I probably would not have heard of them without it. It certainly
       | seems plausible that "using an NFT" here is a net good, even if
       | there is some carbon cost.
       | 
       | You _could_ argue against the stunt, but it requires more work
       | that just stating  "carbon costs." You'd have to check whether
       | valueOfSavedLife * moneyRaised / 1235 + carbonCost < 0. And it
       | looks like the auction is structured so that moneyRaised will be
       | at least 2.5M, so the carbonCost would need to be pretty negative
       | to make the sum negative. What is carbonCost?
        
       | sharkjacobs wrote:
       | If Paul Graham had donated $2.5 million dollars to Noora and
       | written a brief article about it, he probably could have
       | convinced some percentage of his readers to also donate to Noora
       | 
       | As is, there's a chance that someone will bid more than $2.5
       | million for this NFT, but the delta between Paul's bid and the
       | winning bid will have to be greater than the sum of other non-
       | winner take all donations for this to be a more effective way to
       | raise money
       | 
       | On the other hand, if this wasn't an NFT, Paul probably wouldn't
       | have put up $2.5 million and written an article about it at all,
       | so I guess Noora's already better at this than I am
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | lolsal wrote:
       | Isn't this just a receipt? like when I donate shirts to goodwill?
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | Yes. Except this way you get to pretend your receipt for money
         | _given away_ (ostensibly out of the kindness of your heart) has
         | magically become an "asset".
        
       | hamhamed wrote:
       | I'm not sure why everyone is tripping here. He's about to save
       | some fucking lives and you suddenly care about the enviroment for
       | sending a mere 100 ETH?
       | 
       | Even if we are to look at the big picture, don't tell me you
       | believe PG will be the sole reason everyone is going to pick up
       | NFT donations now? It was going to happen regardless.
        
         | teraflop wrote:
         | It's great that PG is donating to a good cause, and anyone who
         | donates that much money is welcome to brag about it, but that
         | doesn't make the explanation any less baffling. Imagine a very
         | slight modification of this scenario:
         | 
         | > I'm going to donate millions of dollars to a life-saving
         | charity, and in return they're going to manufacture and ship me
         | a barrel of low-grade hazardous waste. Anyone who likes is
         | welcome to try and outbid me for the barrel in order to raise
         | even more money. Of course, I'll pay a bit extra to build a
         | vault to safely store the barrel and minimize the risk of
         | leakage into the environment. Afterward, we can calculate how
         | many ounces of toxic chemicals it took to save each human life.
         | 
         | > Isn't it great how technology can help make a difference in
         | people's lives? I'm looking forward to seeing what barrels of
         | toxic waste can help us accomplish in the future.
         | 
         | EDIT:
         | 
         | > Oh, by the way, this has nothing to do with the fact that I
         | have a lot of money invested in a company that makes and
         | transports barrels.
        
           | not1ofU wrote:
           | I'm planning on donating 100k packets of chewing gum to
           | starving children.
        
       | ASpaceCowboi wrote:
       | Maybe i'm just an idiot, but this:
       | 
       | >For this NFT, they're going to issue a public report tracking
       | how this specific tranche of money is spent, and estimating the
       | number of lives saved as a result.
       | 
       | In my opinion, that is vital.
       | 
       | Many donations to non-profits are used for many various reasons
       | (some justifiable, some definitely NOT).
       | 
       | This actually allows tracking on that money. So isn't this a good
       | thing? People can easily manipulate stats on documents without
       | having to worry about someone else double checking the work.
       | 
       | With the ability to track the NFT's currency transactions is
       | good, no?
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | > People can easily manipulate stats on documents without
         | having to worry about someone else double checking the work.
         | 
         | Perhaps I'm misunderstanding how this all works. How is the
         | "report" that will be issued any different from a regular
         | document? Just because it will be an NFT doesn't mean it will
         | be more accurate does it? Someone will still write whatever
         | they want on the document itself and there's no mechanism that
         | will make this document more accurate than any other document.
        
       | purerandomness wrote:
       | This is peak absurdism. Why not simply donate the money? How is
       | this better than a Kickstarter?
       | 
       | How many lives could pg have saved by donating the billable time
       | it took him to write this post?
       | 
       | It gets even better, from the NFT article:
       | 
       | > * What about the environmental costs?
       | 
       | > We plan to make a significant carbon offset to mitigate the
       | environmental impact of this NFT. Within one week of the closing
       | of this auction we will update this page with details of the
       | steps we took.
       | 
       | pg giveth, pg taketh. If you agree that carbon emissions kill,
       | you'd basically donate for a good cause through an absurdly
       | convoluted money laundering scheme called NFT, and cause massive
       | environmental harm on the other side of the planet, killing even
       | more people, again.
       | 
       | I might even draw several trolley problem comics, but the fact
       | this is from pg himself makes me question his sanity and
       | everything he's ever written.
       | 
       | It's the same feeling of betrayal like when Signal turned around
       | and decided to implement a payment token after several of us went
       | ahead and invested time to convert family members away from
       | WhatsApp.
       | 
       | Profit over reason. Pyramid schemes disguised as benevolent
       | startups saving lives.
       | 
       | Startup culture needs a reboot.
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | > Why not simply donate the money? How is this better than a
         | Kickstarter?
         | 
         | Because if you're PG and you do it this way you can have the
         | money be added to the topline revenue numbers for a company you
         | have invested in:
         | 
         | https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/opensea/company_fina...
         | 
         | This is marketing for a YC company.
        
         | bszupnick wrote:
         | > This is peak absurdism. Why not simply donate the money? How
         | is this better than a Kickstarter?
         | 
         | This reminds me of the Ice Bucket Challenge for ALS.
         | 
         | Does pouring a bucket of ice water over one's head cure ALS?
         | Obviously not.
         | 
         | Did creating a trend that went viral help take strides towards
         | curing ALS? Yeah! According to Wikipedia[1] this meme brought
         | $220 million to ALS research.
         | 
         | So I'm not sure you can simply say "why not donate the money
         | instead of buying NFTs" since NFTs are what people are
         | interested in now!
         | 
         | Maybe this is an instance of meeting your customer where
         | they're at.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_Bucket_Challenge
        
           | jayd16 wrote:
           | I guess you could say there's value in riding any flavor of
           | the month. However, I think there are plenty of fads that
           | responsible organisations should shy away from. The fact that
           | something is gaining popularity is not an excuse, imo.
        
           | jonathankoren wrote:
           | Dumping a bucket of ice water over your head doesn't cause
           | severe environmental damage. This does.
           | 
           | Also, everyone likes weird videos of bad things happening to
           | people. NFTs don't have widespread public interest, nor do
           | they have an viral sharing feature. Videos do.
        
             | casi18 wrote:
             | > nor do they have an viral sharing feature.
             | 
             | yet here we are...
        
               | jonathankoren wrote:
               | ...talking about NFTs in general rather than the
               | nonprofit[0] or how to donate to them.
               | 
               | [0] I already have forgotten their name.
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | Would that $220M have gone somewhere else equally valuable is
           | Ice Bucket didn't become a trend?
           | 
           | Attention is a finite resource.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | pavel_lishin wrote:
           | The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge wasn't the ALS Light A Tire On
           | Fire challenge.
        
         | gogopuppygogo wrote:
         | Tulips everywhere.
         | 
         | If a Chinese controlled decentralized ledger like BTC can have
         | assets worth > $50k then obviously an entry in a decentralized
         | ledger proving ownership of something should be worth
         | millions...
         | 
         | Profit over reason is a hallmark of MMT capitalism these days.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't post in the flamewar style to HN. It degrades
         | discussion, so we should all avoid it.
         | 
         | Thoughtful critique is welcome, but name-calling, fulmination,
         | and denunciatory rhetoric are not. If you wouldn't mind
         | reviewing https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and
         | taking the intended spirit of the site more to heart, we'd be
         | grateful.
        
         | ravi-delia wrote:
         | I don't think it's fair to say that 'massive environmental
         | harm...killing even more people' is a likely outcome. The
         | carbon offsetting will fix that up, but even so the
         | environmental impact of proof-of-work has likely been
         | overstated in online discourse.
         | 
         | Of course, it is indeed a somewhat ridiculous moral money
         | laundering scheme. I guess the main argument for it would be
         | that NFTs are hot right now, and thus might attract more
         | donations? That seems less than likely.
        
         | y2bd wrote:
         | Aren't there NFT marketplaces built on top of (minorly
         | esoteric) proof-of-stake block chains now? If they're even
         | going to _humor_ the environmental cost, why not just use one
         | those? Am I missing anything?
        
           | davidgerard wrote:
           | There are NFTs on those, but they suffer the problem that the
           | currencies of the blockchains in question aren't very
           | convertible from actualmoney. ETH is relatively convertible
           | and can run NFTs, so they tend to happen there.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | All the liquidity and capital is on Bitcoin and Ethereum
           | (~$1.5T in capital). Ethereum is in the late stages of
           | migrating to proof-of-stake. It will happen in the next 9
           | months.
        
           | casi18 wrote:
           | Smaller chains have less economic security and less
           | integrations, so it makes sense if they are expecting large
           | donations to use something well established that is very
           | unlikely to suffer a reorg attack and that is easily accepted
           | worldwide.
           | 
           | And as others have said, 1 nft makes no difference to block
           | production. and for the long term energy efficient solutions
           | are in testing now (for likely deployment in Q4):
           | https://rayonism.io/
        
         | danShumway wrote:
         | > We plan to make a significant carbon offset to mitigate the
         | environmental impact of this NFT. Within one week of the
         | closing of this auction we will update this page with details
         | of the steps we took.
         | 
         | So this is _less_ efficient than a normal donation of the same
         | amount, since we 've now introduced a secondary overhead in
         | that you need to waste a portion of the money combating the
         | environmental cost.
         | 
         | Feels a little weird to praise the charity for having the
         | lowest cost-per-life number that you've ever seen, and then to
         | breathlessly announce that you're making that number worse.
         | 
         | Is the cost of the carbon offset going to be lower than the
         | cost would be to commission a very nice, unique physical plaque
         | or trophy that could be actually displayed by the donor?
        
         | the_lonely_road wrote:
         | Marketing is effective and NOVEL marketing is very effective.
         | Would we be talking about a spam post PG made begging for more
         | money to be donated to another charity? We are here doing just
         | that right now precisely because he involved the NFT angle.
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | I agree with _novel_ marketing, but I 'm rather less
           | convinced by the long run implications of what this purports
           | to _actually do_
           | 
           | The purpose of an NFT, after all, is to create some sort of
           | symbolic representation of something you've paid for, and
           | allow other parties to buy that representation from you
           | without involving any third parties. It doesn't really have
           | any other appeal except as signalling; in this case it
           | supposedly signals your generosity.
           | 
           | Or more specifically, it enables someone to signal that they
           | have donated a lot of money to Noora Health and then try to
           | recover that cash by selling it to someone else who wants to
           | signal that they have donated to Noora Health without the
           | inconvenience of actually donating to Noora Health.
           | 
           |  _The actual recipient of donations_ doesn 't sound like the
           | sort of entity which needs to be disintermediated from
           | donation signalling, and I'm not sure long run philanthropic
           | expenditure is going to be increased by the notion that you
           | get that money back from some other guy who wants to look
           | like a philanthropist donating to you instead of the cause...
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | Yes. PG essays reliably hit the front page. I can't think of
           | a single exception.
           | 
           | Obviously he can't constantly ask for donations but the first
           | ask certainly would have hit the front page.
           | 
           | As far as I can tell, no one has added more to the NFT. Maybe
           | that will change with time.
        
         | jborichevskiy wrote:
         | > Why not simply donate the money?
         | 
         | Tax deductible email receipts are nice, but an exclusive
         | digital asset that says "I donated to this cause" gets people's
         | emotional and social gears working in ways a "share with
         | Twitter" button does not.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | >This is peak absurdism. Why not simply donate the money?
         | 
         | You must not have heard of TITS coin.
         | 
         | https://titscoin.io/
        
         | mrb wrote:
         | << _This is peak absurdism_ >>
         | 
         | Pros of making this whole thing an NFT:
         | 
         | * Capitalizes on a craze to save lives. Consequently, this will
         | almost assuredly be more successful at raising money than if
         | this had been organized as a traditional campaign with
         | donations through credit cards or PayPal.
         | 
         | * Very low friction. Any of the many lucky crypto millionaires
         | can bid in seconds. No need to convert crypto to fiat and all
         | associated hassles.
         | 
         | * The highest bidder will own cryptographic proof of his
         | _donation_ to Noora Health. Other bidders will have proof of
         | their _intent_.
         | 
         | * This may motivate other non-profit to seek donations through
         | NFTs.
         | 
         | Downsides:
         | 
         | * Contributes to increasing the NFT craze ?
         | 
         | * ???
         | 
         | There are many things you can criticize about cryptocurrency,
         | but this Noora Health NFT probably ain't one of them.
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | I'm not sure from this blog post what this company has to do with
       | NFTs, or how these NFTs are intended to generate revenue for this
       | organization, or why the tokens being sold can't be fungible, or
       | what they're for.
       | 
       | (Aside: The HTTPs Everywhere extension takes a bit of an issue
       | with pg's 199x-vintage website. :)
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | Seems fairly clearly just jumping on the bandwagon. Clearly
         | people right now spend lots of money on NFTs for whatever
         | reasons, so sell one and get money the buyer probably wouldn't
         | have donated otherwise.
        
           | prtkgpt wrote:
           | I believe, this is a great example to raise funds with the
           | NFT models. Crypto to save human life.
        
             | psswrd12345 wrote:
             | This + the NFTs will make for truly excellent virtue
             | signaling.
        
       | fallat wrote:
       | I don't think anyone understands that this is purely a "fun"
       | thing to raise money. Yes, it's exactly like a donation drive.
        
         | spamalot159 wrote:
         | Except for that it uses technology that harms the environment.
         | I don't think this trend is "fun" compared to a normal donation
         | drive when it has these negative side effects.
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > Except for that it uses technology that harms the
           | environment.
           | 
           | Apparently it's on Ethereum. Ethereum is already using an
           | hybrid PoW / PoS (proof of stake) chain and at some point the
           | PoS chain should be the only one. It PoS works, the impact on
           | the environment should be a rounding error.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | Haven't people been saying this for at least 4 years?
        
               | xur17 wrote:
               | Maybe, but as of now the ETH2 beacon chain is running
               | with > $14B of ETH locked in it, not launching honestly
               | seems unlikely at this point.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | For those who, like me, are not knee-deep in crypto
               | stuff, $14B of ETH appears to be about 3.7% of the total
               | market cap.
        
               | vcxy wrote:
               | No, people have not been saying that ethereum is already
               | partially on proof of stake for 4 years. I realize that
               | isn't what you meant, but what you meant seems to be
               | missing the point that it's actually happening recently.
        
             | betterunix2 wrote:
             | Great, get back to us when it actually happens, right now
             | it is an environmental disaster.
        
               | throwaway_isms wrote:
               | Check out Ploygon(MATIC) they have an Ethereum L2 PoS
               | network that is fully functional and works.
               | 
               | At this point people are voluntarily using an expensive
               | and wasteful mainnet on Ethereum, and it is better to
               | promote the the existing solutions rather than spread FUD
               | that they do not exist.
        
           | eloff wrote:
           | The environmental harm of a single ethereum transaction is
           | very low. Lower than a fundraising dinner. Please take your
           | nitpicking elsewhere.
           | 
           | They're literally aiming at saving thousands of lives and the
           | comments are all focused on how bad NFTs are. Give me a
           | break, talk about missing the point.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | > The environmental harm of a single ethereum transaction
             | is very low. Lower than a fundraising dinner. Please take
             | your nitpicking elsewhere.
             | 
             | Source? I'm curious to see exactly how the environmental
             | harm of a fundraising dinner is quantified.
             | 
             | edit:
             | 
             | When I google "ethereum transaction energy cost" the Google
             | featured snippet says 50kwH for a single transaction. I
             | find it hard to believe that it would take 50kWH to cook a
             | single dinner. If you're referring to multiple dinners,
             | then you would have to subtract the cost to eat in general
             | as eating is a human necessity - hence me asking your
             | source since I'm genuinely curious.
        
               | sp332 wrote:
               | With the NFT minting, several bids, sale, and transfer of
               | ownership, it's an average of 340 kWh for a successful
               | NFT, according to https://memoakten.medium.com/the-
               | unreasonable-ecological-cos... which has sources and
               | methodology etc. That seems pretty high even for a
               | fundraising dinner, and at least that includes food.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | Think about all the energy costs involved in everyone
               | driving to the dinner, the air conditioning or heating
               | for the venue, etc. It would depend on the number of
               | guests which is more costly to the environment. For a
               | dinner where you aim to raise 2.5 million, I think the
               | dinner is going to have a bigger impact.
               | 
               | But again, I want to reiterate that focusing on the
               | environmental impact here is totally missing the point.
               | It's like saying the outside of the hospital is painted a
               | jarring color.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | this is a really disingenuous comparison. again you'd
               | have to subtract the costs that would've already been
               | incurred anyway. would someone invited to a fundraiser
               | dinner not eat otherwise? or drive? or have AC?
               | 
               | also, given that it's already very easy to send money to
               | any non-profit talking about the potentially unnecessary
               | environment costs doesn't seem unreasonable. the only
               | reason people bring it up is because there's an
               | alternative that doesn't incur the same costs but achieve
               | the same thing.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | > this is a really disingenuous comparison.
               | 
               | Neither of us put up numbers, but I didn't call you
               | disingenuous. I stand by what I said until I see math to
               | the contrary.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | You're the one who made the claim to begin with - so
               | there's nothing to stand on, it's just a baseless claim
               | since you didn't really provide any information on how
               | much energy is required for a "fundraiser dinner" to
               | begin with that wouldn't have been used anyway.
        
             | slg wrote:
             | >The environmental harm of a single ethereum transaction is
             | very low.
             | 
             | "No snowflake in an avalanche ever feels responsible" ~
             | Stanislaw Jerzy Lec
             | 
             | No transaction individually harms the environment. The
             | collection of all transactions harms the environment. This
             | one transaction is part of that collection and it has
             | potential to help attract people to the platform which will
             | encourage more transactions in the future.
        
             | rpearl wrote:
             | Because doing this as an NFT is utterly nonsensical. The
             | NFT is involved for absolutely no reason. The only results
             | of involving an NFT are (1) legitimizing a ridiculous scam
             | and (2) causing extra environmental damage alongside the
             | donation.
             | 
             | Just donate the money, using a fraction of the carbon cost,
             | and if you want to generate hype, do a match.
             | 
             | What a waste of time and energy.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | They clearly did it to capitalize on the hype around NFTs
               | and draw attention to the fund raising event. Given we're
               | talking about it, that looks successful, not nonsensical.
               | Welcome to the world of marketing.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | fighterpilot wrote:
               | > Because doing this as an NFT is utterly nonsensical.
               | The NFT is involved for absolutely no reason.
               | 
               | It's not nonsensical from the perspective of their
               | mission if it increases the amount of money that they're
               | able to raise.
               | 
               | > What a waste of time and energy.
               | 
               | They're emitting ~90 kilograms of CO2 to save 2000 lives,
               | which is a good trade-off if they wouldn't have been able
               | to raise that much through traditional channels.
        
           | throwaway_isms wrote:
           | Does government backed fiat harm the environment? Do the
           | militaries of the nations protecting their government backed
           | fiat have a net positive or negative impact on the
           | environment? Does the infrastructure required by central
           | banks, retail banking have a net positive or negative impact
           | on the environment?
           | 
           | I am not arguing blockchain in various implementations do not
           | harm the environment, only that there are many external costs
           | and collateral damage by the current systems which is often
           | ignored. What is a "normal donation drive" after all? Is it a
           | bunch of celebrities and musicians jumping on private
           | airplanes? Is it a $10,000 per plate filet mignon dinner
           | indirectly supporting bigAG and bigAG animal farming? What
           | external costs have you contributed to just to make a post,
           | are there plastics in your device, was coal burned somewhere
           | or fossil fuel burned to supply parts to your device or
           | charge your device?
           | 
           | Certainly this NFT is not saving lives, the entity behind it
           | was saving lives before the NFT, and certainly they would
           | have continued to save lives without the NFT, but if the NFT
           | generates $2.5M and they can save 1 life with every ~$1,200,
           | then there is a number. Maybe someone who really believes in
           | the argument that saving 1,000 lives is good but not at the
           | expense of the environment which will result in killing us
           | all can step up and pay this entity double ($5M) not to do
           | it, sure its a number reserved for the 1% but its also a
           | number that means nothing to the 1%.
        
           | version_five wrote:
           | Plus it gives credibility to what is effectively a scam.
           | People will be able to point to this and say "look, they're
           | being used to do good" and others will take that as social
           | proof that there is actually something legit to an NFT (and
           | the rest of the various "crypto" scams going on).
        
           | casi18 wrote:
           | "We plan to make a significant carbon offset to mitigate the
           | environmental impact of this NFT. Within one week of the
           | closing of this auction we will update this page with details
           | of the steps we took."
           | 
           | Every action we take has tradeoffs. Everyone acts hoping that
           | they can bring more good to the world than bad. Thats not to
           | say we shouldn't be critical of decisions people make, but
           | the moral panic around nfts is overblown imo. There are
           | solutions being worked on [1] and the upside to addressing
           | coordination problems[2] is huge.
           | 
           | Or, as the saying goes, "Don't throw the baby out with the
           | bathwater"
           | 
           | [1]https://our.status.im/ethereum-is-green/
           | [2]https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/07/30/meditations-on-
           | moloch/
        
             | klmadfejno wrote:
             | > Everyone acts hoping that they can bring more good to the
             | world than bad.
             | 
             | Not so sure about that one
        
             | eloff wrote:
             | > Everyone acts hoping that they can bring more good to the
             | world than bad.
             | 
             | I want to live in that world.
             | 
             | Those are some seriously potent rose colored glasses you've
             | got going on there.
             | 
             | I think it's true that many people think and act that way,
             | but I don't know what percentage of people are basically
             | good like that.
        
       | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
       | Has Mr. Graham done an honest calculation of how many lives will
       | be lost to the environmental impacts of NFTs if they become
       | mainstream?
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | I don't think Mr. Graham is under any moral obligation to
         | consider this issue unless it remotely plausible that NFTs
         | issued for charitable purposes (or just NFTs, period) will "go
         | mainstream" to the extent that they have any noticable
         | environmental impact.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Diederich wrote:
         | Is Ethereum anything like bitcoin in terms of power
         | utilization/environmental impact?
        
           | psswrd12345 wrote:
           | Today, Ethereum uses about 1/6 energy consumption of bitcoin,
           | while providing much more utility. But will change later this
           | year as it transitions to proof-of-stake, at which point
           | Ethereum's energy consumption will be negligible.
           | 
           | https://www.wired.co.uk/article/blockchain-cryptocurrency-
           | en....
        
         | knowaveragejoe wrote:
         | Why in HN of all places do people constantly have years-old
         | takes on crypto?
         | 
         | Ethereum is moving to proof-of-stake. Most other chains use
         | some form of proof-of-stake.
         | 
         | It's not like these projects are unaware of your criticisms,
         | nor have they stood still since you stopped paying attention in
         | 2017.
        
           | bosswipe wrote:
           | Why in HN of all places? Because engineers are more resistant
           | to bullshit hype. Proof-of-stake has not been proven at a
           | large distributed scale.
        
           | AlexandrB wrote:
           | > Most other chains use some form of proof-of-stake.
           | 
           | I don't think this matters unless you weigh these chains by
           | something like popularity or market cap - who cares if a
           | blockchain used by a few hundred people is using PoS? Bitcoin
           | and Ethereum are the two big ones and neither use PoS
           | (yet)[1]. Also, we have new blockchains like Chia that have
           | found novel ways to waste resources that don't involve PoW.
           | 
           | [1] People have been saying that Ethereum is "moving to
           | proof-of-stake" for _years_. Here 's an article saying it's
           | going to happen in Dec 2020 after a Jan 2020 deadline was
           | missed: https://www.exodus.com/blog/ethereum-proof-of-stake-
           | date/ Is this time different? I don't know. But saying
           | Ethereum is moving to proof of stake is like saying "the
           | market is going to crash". Yes, maybe, but _when_?
        
             | coolestguy wrote:
             | It's currently got PoS working alongside PoW - so it's
             | already happening
        
       | jollybean wrote:
       | NFT, much like most Crypto doesn't 'do' anything here.
       | 
       | It's not a financial instrument that creates value.
       | 
       | 'Private Corporations' enable people to group capital together to
       | make useful stuff, that wouldn't happen otherwise.
       | 
       | 'Public Exchanges' allow more transparency and broader classes of
       | investors to participate in markets.
       | 
       | Investment Banks 'make markets' for financial instruments so
       | companies can trade things like risk, among other things.
       | 
       | There's a lot of net value creation going on there even when it's
       | fuzzy.
       | 
       | If NFTs can encourage people to give to a charity, that's great,
       | but of course that shouldn't be necessary. Crypto that can't
       | effectively be used as currency is not a value creator, at least
       | not until they are exchanged as such.
       | 
       | This is frothy, bubble-ish kind of stuff that in my life I have
       | seen implode twice, this time 'it may be different' in that it
       | may not crash, but the value creation still isn't there. We
       | should probably strive to do better than moving around deck
       | chairs, even if it's with fancy math or AI.
        
       | kthejoker2 wrote:
       | Leveraging manias for social good sounds appropriately disruptive
       | ..
       | 
       | Is there a way to short NFTs? I wish I could proactively sell
       | people's regret to them.
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | Shorting low-liquidity assets is a very bad idea.
         | 
         | If you short an NFT with only 1 token, you effectively just owe
         | whoever holds it an infinite amount of money.
        
         | smabie wrote:
         | Sure you can short some NFTs.
        
         | throwawaytemp27 wrote:
         | As Matt Levine would say, the way to do that is to mint and
         | sell your own NFT. That way you are on the opposite side of the
         | trade as the bulls who you believe are wrong.
        
           | yorwba wrote:
           | If you mint an NFT and fail to sell it, you'll lose the
           | minting fee. You'd do better to hold off on minting it until
           | it has already been sold. And to actually sell some, you need
           | to market them as something that people would want (like
           | "saving lives") or, if you're short on ideas, crowdsource
           | that task. At which point you're basically running an NFT
           | platform. And you'll make more money the longer the NFT craze
           | runs, which isn't really opposite to the bulls...
           | 
           | The proper way to bet on NFTs being passe soon is probably to
           | invest in something that's _not_ an NFT.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | libra1 wrote:
       | While the calculation of $1,235 to save a life is very good,
       | donating blood is arguably the most efficient way to save a life
       | since it is free.
        
         | fighterpilot wrote:
         | Is there an under-supply of blood in rich countries to the
         | point where people are dying as a result? If 1 regular donor
         | stopped donating, how many additional people will die?
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | There's lack of supply of some rare blood types[1]. Also
           | relevant to point out, if you go donating blood don't just go
           | after some disaster hits. It's a common occurrence that tons
           | of people show up for blood donations after some tragedy hits
           | but blood can only be stored a limited amount of time and it
           | tends to be wasted. If you want to donate, go regularly.
           | 
           | [1]https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/the-donor-
           | magazin...
        
       | cwkoss wrote:
       | Will PG be committing tax fraud when he writes off this
       | 'donation'?
       | 
       | He is receiving in exchange a token when notionally has the same
       | value as his 'donation'. Being able to resell a 'donation' to
       | someone else to recover part of the cost seems weird and like it
       | could confuse tax treatment.
        
       | graeme wrote:
       | I had hoped PG would write an essay on crypto/NFTs, as he seems
       | enthused by them and is good at explaining things.
       | 
       | But he explains nothing here. Noora seems good, but that's a
       | feature of Noora, not NFTs.
       | 
       | As for what is going on, I looked at Noora's post, it seems PG
       | has placed the sole bid on the NFT, valued at $2.6 million at
       | current market prices of ETH.
       | 
       | In return he will get a token that says he did it.
       | 
       | One part I'm unclear on: if someone outbids him, do only they get
       | the token and pg pays nothing, or do both pay and are the
       | contributions etched into the NFT?
       | 
       | > But the higher the price of this NFT goes, the more lives will
       | be saved. What a sentence to be able to write.
       | 
       | Noora sounds like a good charity but what is different here from
       | simply saying "the more people donate to Noora, the more lives
       | will be saved"
       | 
       | Since Noora knows their ROI they should be able to calculate
       | lives saved from a donation whether it is a normal donation or an
       | NFT purchase.
       | 
       | If so, what does the NFT do?
       | 
       | Many smart people I follow, who are ordinarily good explainers,
       | are inordinately enthused about crypto. And yet on this single
       | topic none of them have produced any public writing explaining
       | the reasons for their enthusiasm.
       | 
       | It is maddening. There may well be something there. But if there
       | is it ought, in principle, to be explainable.
       | 
       | -------
       | 
       | I should also note you can't take this and say "NFTs contributed
       | $2.6 million". You have to consider opportunity costs. The
       | closest alternative to this post would be PG writing exactly the
       | same essay except stating "I donated $2.6 million to Noora and
       | you should too!" with a donate now button.
       | 
       | This post hit the HN frontpage, so surely many would have
       | donated. Whereas nobody has donated other than PG.
       | 
       | Measured against this alternative, the NFT vs a normal funding
       | mechanism has plausibly _cost_ lives. Not to mention the money
       | that Noora will take out of its funds to do a carbon offset.
       | 
       | Perhaps I am misunderstanding how this works, but if I have
       | understood it properly and PG would have done an essay either way
       | this might have cost lives.
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | NFTs will effectively do nothing in this case.
         | 
         | People are 'enthused' because they have a lottery ticket that
         | could go to the moon and are want others in on the action.
         | 
         | The charity is trying to hop on the bandwagon of 'money
         | appearing out of nowhere'.
         | 
         | We are clearly headed into a fairly inflationary situation, I'm
         | curious as to how we will look at this time 20 or 40 years into
         | the future.
        
         | yumraj wrote:
         | Perhaps he wrote the essay so that other people will find out
         | about it and out bid him for the NFT.
         | 
         | You get press for being the good guy and don't have to spend a
         | dime. What a great thing to be able to achieve.
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | That's possible. Assuming he donates the $2.6 million
           | regardless, this could be a high risk, high reward campaign.
           | 
           | So while saying "please donate" might get say
           | $100,000-$1,000,000 more, even a _single_ bid from a other
           | investor /founder who wanted bragging rights for beating PG
           | will dwarf that.
           | 
           | If so it presents an interesting mechanism to elicit
           | donations in rich social circles.
        
         | noelsusman wrote:
         | I mostly agree, but I don't think a PG post about him donating
         | to Noora would make the front page of HN. In this case the NFT
         | is providing value by bringing eyeballs due to how much hype
         | NFTs have. I know I wouldn't have clicked through his post if
         | he was just donating a bunch of money to them.
        
           | a4isms wrote:
           | If that's the only reason this is interesting, we're talking
           | about digital fashion. It's isomorphic to a celebrity
           | endorsing a product.
           | 
           | "Is this person an expert in using this product? No? But it's
           | selling like hotcakes because this person is a celebrity, and
           | people find them interesting almost solely because other
           | people find them interesting."
           | 
           | So taking a donation and wrapping it in an NFT feels like
           | taking a product and getting a celebrity to endorse it. The
           | NFT itself really adds nothing to the idea of donating to
           | this charity.
        
         | lynx234 wrote:
         | > One part I'm unclear on: if someone outbids him, do only they
         | get the token and pg pays nothing, or do both pay and are the
         | contributions etched into the NFT?
         | 
         | No, only the person who wins the bid gets the token.
         | 
         | I typically defend the tech behind NFTs but this just seems
         | like it's riding the hype of NFTs more than anything.
        
           | fighterpilot wrote:
           | > riding the hype of NFTs more than
           | 
           | Good on them for doing that. Their mission is to save as many
           | lives as they can and if riding a hype train lets them do
           | that, then the overall outcome is still very positive. The
           | environmental externality is bad but trivial compared to the
           | benefit of lives saved if this auction goes through.
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | And if someone else bids more, is that the only money that
           | goes to Noora? i.e. PG's bid is voided
        
             | kemonocode wrote:
             | Yes, only the winning bid would go to Noora. However, there
             | would be a record of any other bidders' intent.
             | 
             | With a bit more of creativity/effort, someone could have
             | created a smart contract for keeping track of all the
             | donations and only releasing them once they reach a certain
             | threshold, then giving a token back representing a "life
             | saved" to donors if they truly wanted, but I get
             | capitalizing on NFTs' hype right now.
        
               | lalaland1125 wrote:
               | Most charities already give you pdf certificates
               | recording how many lives you saved with your donation.
               | What's the point in having an NFT instead of just a pdf?
        
         | yrral wrote:
         | People have been able to raise non-insignificant amounts of
         | money selling NFTs for charities.
         | 
         | Snowden - Freedom of Press Foundation 5.4m
         | https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/16/22388548/edward-snowden-n...
         | 
         | pplpleasr - Stand with Asians 550k
         | https://www.theblockcrypto.com/post/99615/uniswap-v3-nft-sol...
        
           | lalaland1125 wrote:
           | How is this different or better than normal donations? If
           | anything, isn't it worse due to the NFT overhead?
        
             | hiq wrote:
             | If you go from 5% to 10% overhead but collect 10 times as
             | much because of the hype you still end up with more money.
        
         | brown9-2 wrote:
         | > I had hoped PG would write an essay on crypto/NFTs, as he
         | seems enthused by them and is good at explaining things.
         | 
         | What is there to explain? People who are invested in
         | cryptocurrencies are hyping the equivalent of digital trading
         | cards because it has the downstream effect of increasing the
         | hype on cryptocurrency.
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | I don't know what there is to explain, but I'm always open to
           | the possibility that I've missed something. Ethereum, in
           | particular, is at least capable of _interesting_ things.
           | 
           | That doesn't mean it will change the world. But I'm always
           | interested in hearing from intelligent people who differ on
           | _why_ they think it will.
        
             | bob33212 wrote:
             | I appreciate this as I'm also trying to keep an open mind
             | and understand what this means for the future.
             | 
             | So far there are only two arguments that I understand:
             | 
             | 1. Libertarianism: The world will be better if we remove
             | the government and other 3rd parties from interfering in
             | transactions between individuals.
             | 
             | 2. Decentralization of Money (Crypto), like the
             | decentralization of information (The internet) will unlock
             | technologies and opportunities that we cannot appreciate
             | now.
             | 
             | Those are logical arguments, but I'm still missing the "so
             | what" answer. How does the lack of government oversight
             | change my life? My next bank account may be decentralized,
             | so what? Does that mean I get better service? Lower Fees?
             | 
             | I understand that plenty of people were unimpressed with
             | the internet when it first came out, but I was not one of
             | those people. I got it and was online in 1995, I bought
             | GOOG in 2005, and TSLA in 2014. So I'm not your typical
             | technological naysayer. Maybe Bitcoin isn't just an
             | accidental Ponzi scheme, but as far as I can tell that is
             | what it will be when we look back in 10 years.
        
               | 52-6F-62 wrote:
               | Some degree of it has to just be the grown resentment of
               | established banking. So this is a view of a certain
               | cohort of sentiment, not necessarily exclusive to
               | cryptocurrencies and all that.
               | 
               | These days a bank account will _cost_ you money. Any
               | savings account available to most people offers interest
               | rates at or below inflation, if they 're not 0% and
               | charge fees (making those ones functionally offering
               | negative interest). Even more glaring is being charged
               | fees for not having a high enough balance in your
               | account.
               | 
               | When you're young and poor and you look to a bank to help
               | you grow out of that state, and you're offered the above,
               | you can understand why it would appear the game is just
               | plain broken. And that's just talking private bank
               | accounts, not the larger economic sphere.
               | 
               | To me, it's no wonder that people are trying out
               | different things, even if they don't work. It's better
               | than just accepting the thing that's already not working
               | for you.
        
               | parksy wrote:
               | Well put, and another aspect beyond currency is a move
               | against centralised control of enterprise. Centralised
               | legal systems governing contracts, centralised ownership
               | and rewards, centralised risk, etc. Some people looked at
               | how the world is run and thought they could make a more
               | efficient and secure way of doing things with more
               | freedom for anyone that can swing an IDE to create fairer
               | reward systems.
               | 
               | At least one of the implications of systems like ethereum
               | is that they enable autonomous contracts that are
               | decentralised and at least in theory don't require any
               | separate and typically centralised governing body to
               | execute and enforce, which could in turn lead to a range
               | of new models of business and human interaction.
               | 
               | It remains to be seen what will happen, the technology is
               | still young (the Web took about a decade to start
               | catching on in the mainstream as perhaps being something
               | more than a flash in the pan) and lofty ideas are being
               | thrown at the wall as the new concepts are explored in
               | both good and bad ways.
               | 
               | Having seen the ups and downs of the online revolution I
               | have a hunch at least some of it will stick, and whether
               | this moment goes down as some great proletarian
               | revolution or becomes just another tool in the
               | billionaires belt seems up in the air to me, but at the
               | very least it is disruptive and we may be seeing the
               | birth of the next generation of crypto barons.
               | 
               | Or anything could happen, like by some unlikely turn of
               | events we solve prime factorisation and the whole thing
               | fizzles into history as a big oops moment, or jackbooted
               | forces raid homes and data centres to destroy all crypto-
               | related hardware and knowledge.
               | 
               | I feel the outcome will be somewhere between the two
               | extremes of utopia and dystopia, it just seems to be how
               | things turn out, but as you say at least people are
               | trying things. Disrupting the status quo is how society
               | moves forward, humanity never seems too comfortable
               | sitting on its haunches (for better or worse).
        
               | yourabstraction wrote:
               | I think the problem is you're looking at cryptocurrency
               | with the wrong perspective, so you're missing the
               | fundamental ways it can rewrite the entire world of
               | finance. I imagine you're looking at this from a consumer
               | perspective, and you trust your bank, have a stable
               | government fiat currency to use, and a credit card to
               | make easy transactions with, so you have little use for
               | cryptocurrency. Yet with the internet you likely saw the
               | immediate ways you could make use of it, or how Google or
               | Tesla would change the world with better search or better
               | cars.
               | 
               | Cryptocurrency at the core is about solving trust issues
               | and human coordination issues. Just because you don't
               | have these issues in your life doesn't mean they aren't
               | extremely important for the world. Part of the problem is
               | that at times crypto has been sold as a consumer
               | technology, remember before Bitcoin was digital gold it
               | was going to be the microtransaction currency of the
               | internet, which excited a lot of people looking through
               | the consumer lens. But in the bigger picture of how
               | revolutionary the technology is, microtransaction are the
               | least interesting thing it could do.
               | 
               | This is a brand new technology that can solve trust
               | problems and allow global business and trade to work more
               | efficiently. It can allow humans to organize more
               | efficiently and create brand new kinds of institutions
               | (DAOs). Take Uniswap as an example. It's a decentralized
               | exchange running on the Ethereum blockchain that has at
               | times done as much daily trading volume as Coinbase. Now
               | here's the kicker, they have two orders of magnitude less
               | employees than coinbase (15 vs 1500). So not only are
               | they vastly more efficient than legacy exchange
               | technology, they also solve the trust problem because
               | there is no third party taking custody of your funds,
               | it's all done on the blockchain.
               | 
               | Another interesting example I've been pondering lately is
               | automated insurance policies that run on the Ethereum
               | blockchain and payout based on decentralized oracle data
               | feeds from Chainlink. Imagine a farmer in Africa who
               | doesn't have access to crop insurance, but needs to
               | smooth out his year to year risk so that he doesn't go
               | bust during a drought year if his crop fails. You can now
               | write a smart contract that takes data from a
               | decentralized oracle network providing rainfall data. A
               | user can then pay into this contract and he will
               | automatically be paid out if the rainfall during the
               | growing season is below a certain threshold. So the
               | farmer gets a slightly lower but much more predictable
               | income stream. Someone else (who's better capitalized)
               | can take the other side of the bet to collateralize the
               | insurance policy, and earn a higher but more volatile
               | payout.
               | 
               | This kind of efficiency per employee was never possible
               | prior to blockchain. It's like how software and the
               | internet allowed greater human coordination and orders of
               | magnitude efficiency gains over legacy business
               | organization, just applied to the world of finance. In
               | the same way those massive gains in efficiency are
               | allowing software to eat the world, crypto will eat the
               | world of finance. This is a deep back end technology, and
               | it's likely that by the time you're using it you won't
               | even be aware of it as centralized institutions will
               | adopt it on the backend while still providing you with a
               | familiar user experience.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | Chainlink sounds interesting. But how can you be _sure_
               | about the data and the link?
               | 
               | Insurers have sizeable fraud departments. If a system is
               | unreversible and exists in a place without enforceable
               | contracts, wouldn't that allow for a large gaming
               | opportunity?
        
               | yourabstraction wrote:
               | It's probably best to read their whitepaper, as I don't
               | know all the details off the top of my head, but they
               | have a number of ways to prevent gaming the system. Of
               | course, nothing is 100% sure, even Bitcoin can be
               | attacked with enough power. It's about putting in place
               | the economic incentives, such that the game theoretic
               | best approach is to provide value to the network rather
               | than trying to harm it.
               | 
               | So in the case of Chainlink the idea would be that it's
               | much more profitable to be an honest data provider than a
               | dishonest one, and each data source uses a number of
               | independent data providers. If you act dishonestly you
               | will lose out on the value you could have gained by
               | acting honestly and also be penalized in the reputation
               | system.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | Cool I'll have a look sometime. I can definitely get the
               | sense there seems like there could be _something_ there
               | with Ethereum, and if there is something there it could
               | be very very big.
               | 
               | What remains unknown for me is whether that something
               | actually exists.
        
               | bob33212 wrote:
               | You are right, I am in country where there are
               | enforceable laws and regulations. Maybe some developing
               | countries can skip some of the legal and regulatory
               | infrastructure and use software to solve those problems,
               | similarly to how those countries skipped the wired
               | telephone infrastructure and went directly to cell
               | phones.
        
               | yourabstraction wrote:
               | Spot on with the analogy of leapfrogging the land line
               | technology. Also, just because you live in a country of
               | law and order doesn't mean crypto doesn't have value
               | there. Imagine missing the value proposition of the
               | internet when it came out because you felt you lived in a
               | country where you could trust the publishing and news
               | industries to provide you with the best information!
               | 
               | Just as the internet unchained information from
               | government and industry powers, cryptocurrency breaks the
               | world of finance out of institutional control. This has
               | the massive benefit of allowing bottom-up innovation,
               | which is extremely valuable no matter which country you
               | live in.
        
       | anotha1 wrote:
       | This NFT will be great for Noora Health. And maybe even N more
       | organizations.
       | 
       | Then, as happened many times in the past, similar organizations
       | will start optimizing the wrong metric and their actions will
       | slowly diverge from their mission.
        
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