Post 9ppHM3ACr3hG5h4cGO by chikara@qoto.org
 (DIR) More posts by chikara@qoto.org
 (DIR) Post #9pp4KVfEcYzGV4WQRk by chikara@qoto.org
       2019-12-10T07:35:48Z
       
       0 likes, 0 repeats
       
       #art #ukiyo-e #pigment #chemistry #chemie #metallurgy #metallurgie Nihonga 日本画  are Japanese-style paintings made with traditional Japanese artistic conventions, techniques and materials. -- see Wikipedia "Nihonga" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihonga; see also JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System), "Nihonga" http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/n/nihonga.htm　EDO PERIOD, 1600-1868.  A thriving art market developed in Edo during the years that Japan was ruled by the Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1868). In the Edo period, sellers of paints for artists were limited in what they could provide.  The colors and composition of paints were mixtures of indigenous materials.  The use of traditional pigments had developed over the course of centuries. -- see "A Nihonga Painter in Yanaka,," NHK World. March 19, 2019. https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/tv/tokyoeye2020/episode_20190306.html•  Iwa-enogu 岩絵具.  Mineral pigment colors are produced by finely grinding natural minerals.  Pigments can also be roasted to change their color. Nikawa glue is used as an adhesive. -- see JAANUS, "Iwa-enougu" http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/i/iwaenogu.htm•  Suihi-enogu:  Soil or clay is finely ground to make hues of  yellow or red in hue. Nikawa glue is used as an adhesive. -- see Yamatane Museum of Art, "What is Nihonga?"http://www.yamatane-museum.jp/english/nihonga/ •  Gofun 胡粉.  The color white  is made from natural oyster shells. Nikawa glue is used as an adhesive. -- see JAANUS, "Gofun" http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/g/gofun.htm• Senryō : Dyes or coloring materials derived from animal or plant matter are used. -- see Yamatane, "What is Nihonga?"http://www.yamatane-museum.jp/english/nihonga/ •  Nikawa 膠.  A gelatin glue or adhesive is made boiling and extracting protein from skins and bones of animals and fish, it has long been used as an adhesive. Since the pigments used in nihonga have no adhesive strength, the use of nikawa is needed to fix them to the surface of the painting. -- see JAANUS, "Nikawa" http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/n/nikawa.htmMEIJI PERIOD, 1868-1912. The art market in metropolitan Tokyo continued to expand  after it became the Imperial capitol.  Sellers of artist paints could offer "new" colors which only became possible because of use of  imported materials which had been embargoed for 200+ years.SUMMARY:  Traditional Japanese artist paints continue to be manufactured and sold today; and there is an international market for these Nihonga pigments.QUESTION:  There may not be much interest in this topic now, but I would guess that this may change over time -- what do you think?.QOTO = Question Others to Teach Ourselves?
       
 (DIR) Post #9pp4KW3LAwGlhpng1I by design_RG@qoto.org
       2019-12-10T13:08:25Z
       
       0 likes, 0 repeats
       
       @chikara That was nicely crafted, thank you Chikara. Nice research with lots of pointers to more in depth information. Clear organization. Nice imagery. The natural pigment minerals are intriguing.I remember reading about Lapis Lazuli always being a prized pigment, rare and expensive, used in jewelry and paint preparation.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_lazuliI love the Bullets "•" you used in the text too -- and kind of wonder, how do you create one? I feel sorely limited on the options for visually organizing posts here in the Toot editor, as we have no bold or italics.Thank you for the nice, rich post. 🙇
       
 (DIR) Post #9ppHM3ACr3hG5h4cGO by chikara@qoto.org
       2019-12-10T15:34:23Z
       
       0 likes, 0 repeats
       
       @design_RG  What I've been doing is inelegant, but it works.Bullets are cut-and-paste inserts -- see "Bullet (typography)" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet_(typography)This cut-and-paste process works well for other typographical symbols or glyphs.   The copy-paste strategy is similar to what I do when inserting Asian text into a paragraph of European language prose. I haven't tried Unicode in our QOTO context. -- see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet_(typography)#In_Unicode