Received: (from ptownson@localhost) by massis.lcs.mit.edu (8.9.1/8.9.1) id UAA24272; Mon, 19 Apr 1999 20:57:39 -0400 (EDT) Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 20:57:39 -0400 (EDT) From: editor@telecom-digest.org Message-Id: <199904200057.UAA24272@massis.lcs.mit.edu> X-Authentication-Warning: massis.lcs.mit.edu: ptownson set sender to editor@telecom-digest.org using -f To: ptownson Subject: TELECOM Digest V19 #51 TELECOM Digest Mon, 19 Apr 99 20:57:00 EDT Volume 19 : Issue 51 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson AT&T Discontinues Easy Reach 500 Number Service (Jeffrey J. Carpenter) Re: 500 Update ... Bad News (Matt Cline) Re: 500 Update ... Bad News (William Hammack) Telecom Update (Canada) #179, April 19, 1999 (Angus TeleManagement) The Story of Antonio Meucci (Paul Wills) Re: Who Invented the Telephone? (Andrew Emmerson) Re: Who Invented the Telephone? (Sanjay Parekh) NPR "Quest for Sound" (Will Roberts) Another Privacy Hole in IE 5.0? (Monty Solomon) TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not exclusively to telecommunications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. TELECOM Digest is a not-for-profit, mostly non-commercial educational service offered to the Internet by Patrick Townson. All the contents of the Digest are compilation-copywrited. You may reprint articles in some other media on an occassional basis, but please attribute my work and that of the original author. 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Please request a free catalog today at http://www.sandman.com --------------------------------------------------------------- Finally, the Digest is funded by gifts from generous readers such as yourself who provide funding in amounts deemed appropriate. Your help is important and appreciated. A suggested donation of twenty dollars per year per reader is considered appropriate. See our address above. Please make at least a single donation to cover the cost of processing your name to the mailing list. All opinions expressed herein are deemed to be those of the author. Any organizations listed are for identification purposes only and messages should not be considered any official expression by the organization. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 18:11:12 -0400 From: Jeffrey J. Carpenter Subject: AT&T Discontinues Easy Reach 500 Number Service AT&T has discontinued its Easy Reach 500 number service. This service allowed you to obtain a non-geographic phone number in the 500 area code that served as a virtual phone number. The FCC has classified 500 service as "PCS" (another overloaded use of that term). A number of different service plans were available from simply forwarding calls made to your 500 number to the number you want your calls to go to (remotely programmable) to call sequencing (allowing calls to your 500 number to cycle through a list of phone numbers to ring to try to find you, such as ringing home, then office, then cellular). There were also provisions to allow you to give a PIN to callers, allowing you to pick up the cost of the call rather than the callers. Other carriers offer similar services such as MCI: http://www.mci.com/aboutus/products/glossary/home/textp500.shtml The number of customers of AT&T's Easy Reach 500 service has declined and they have decided that the cost to run the service exceeds the revenues. Existing customers are currently grandfathered and no new customers are being accepted. AT&T really did not promote this service very well, and did not integrate the service with their other products, as is evidenced by the fact that AT&T wireless phones have never been able to direct dial AT&T Easy Reach 500 numbers (they claimed 5 years ago that they were working on that problem, however repeated phone calls have yielded no solution to this problem). The original announcement of the AT&T Easy Reach 500 service sent to me in 1994 had the following Q&A: Q: If I ever change my home number, will I have to change my 500 number, too? A: No. Your 500 number will stay the same no matter how many times you move. I was advised that if you move now, you will not be able to transfer your 500 numbers to your new location. This obviously breaks AT&T's original promise and defeats one of the largest attractions of this service: you can use one phone number regardless how how often you move or are affected by area code splits. Existing customers are being advised by AT&T to examine alternatives including wireless phones and toll-free numbers. None of the alternatives offer all the advantages of the 500 service. The service might be completely phased out as early as the end of the year. Jeffrey J. Carpenter Phone: +1 500 488-4800 (while it lasts!) Fax: +1 500 488-4802 Email: jjc@pobox.com Web: http://pobox.com/~jjc/ ------------------------------ From: Matt Cline Subject: Re: 500 Update ... Bad News Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 09:02:30 -0400 Gang - I called MCI, out of curiosity about their services, and guess what: MCI has cancelled their service as well. When I asked for details the rep told me: "those numbers were routed through an facility in Sacramento. We don't even have an office there anymore. The service was grandfathered for existing clients." So much for competition working to our advantage. Matt ------------------------------ From: William Hammack Reply-To: hammack@netbox.com Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 11:14:15 -0500 (CDT) Subject: RE: 500 update...bad news I'm not sure competition was the problem. Speaking as the former owner of THREE 500 numbers the problem was that they didn't work too well. It was not possible (this is two years ago) for someone from a University to dial a 500 number - this was also true certain instutions and many companies. (The only reason CMU people are able to dial them is that I called CMU telecommunications and asked them to change the software to all 500 numbers!) ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 12:00:42 -0400 From: Angus TeleManagement Subject: Telecom Update (Canada) #179, April 19, 1999 ************************************************************ * * * TELECOM UPDATE * * Angus TeleManagement's Weekly Telecom Newsbulletin * * http://www.angustel.ca * * Number 179: April 19, 1999 * * * * Publication of Telecom Update is made possible by * * generous financial support from: * * * * AT&T Canada ............... http://www.attcanada.com/ * * Bell Canada ............... http://www.bell.ca/ * * Lucent Technologies ....... http://www.lucent.ca/ * * MetroNet Communications ... http://www.metronet.ca/ * * Sprint Canada ............. http://www.sprintcanada.ca/ * * Telus Communications....... http://www.telus.com/ * * TigerTel Services ......... http://www.citydial.com/ * * * ************************************************************ IN THIS ISSUE: ** Microcell Signs Third Wholesale Agreement ** Optel to Launch as CLEC ** Nortel, Cisco, Ericsson Announce Acquisitions Nortel Cisco Ericsson ** New CEO at Rogers Cable ... Again ** Fido Offers Two-Way E-Mail ** Clearnet, Microcell Announce Subscriber Results Clearnet Microcell ** Netcom Lowers LD, Bundled Internet Rates ** CRTC Denies Bell Fiber Swap ** Shaw@Home Reaches 100,000-Subscriber Mark ** Next Stage in Ledcor-Vancouver Dispute ** WIC Buys Out RegionalVision Minority Shareholders ** Profits Up at JDS Fitel ** CRTC Opens Regina Office ** MT&T Late Payment Charge Denied ** Bell Nexxia, Teleglobe Win Embassy Contract ** Acadia U Wins Smithsonian Award ** AirIQ Provides Fleet Inventory ** CWTA Plans Wireless Safety Web Site ** MT&T to Provide NS Public Safety Net ** Telecom Seminars ============================================================ MICROCELL SIGNS THIRD WHOLESALE AGREEMENT: Microcell Connexions, which operates the wireless network used for Fido service, has signed a wholesale agreement with Navitar Communications Inc. (See Telecom Update #139, 140) ** Navitar, a registered Competitive Local Exchange Carrier, says it will roll out a full suite of telecommunications services in major metropolitan areas across Canada later this year. OPTEL TO LAUNCH AS CLEC: Optel Communications, which has been a Centrex and long distance reseller since 1995, says it will begin operations as a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier in Toronto in June, and in Montreal by the end of the summer, using Nortel DMS-500 switches. The company recently raised $30 Million in new equity investment. NORTEL, CISCO, ERICSSON ANNOUNCE ACQUISITIONS: ** Nortel Networks is paying up to US$340 Million for California-based Shasta Networks, which is developing subscriber management systems for IP networks. ** Cisco Systems will buy Massachusetts-based GeoTel Communications, which makes software for distributed call centers, for US$2 Billion. ** Ericsson is buying Torrent Networking Technologies, which makes routers, and TouchWave Inc., which makes IP-based PBXs, for a total of about US$500 Million. NEW CEO AT ROGERS CABLE ... AGAIN: Rogers Cablesystems has a new President and CEO: John Tory, previously President and CEO of Rogers Media and Maclean Hunter. He succeeds Trey Smith, who was appointed last October. (See Telecom Update #156) FIDO OFFERS TWO-WAY E-MAIL: Microcell Solutions has introduced Fido E-Mail, a two-way e-mail service; and Performance Voice Messaging, which sends a reply at the touch of a single key. The new features are packaged along with Call Display and Text Messaging in FidoPro at $8/month. CLEARNET, MICROCELL ANNOUNCE SUBSCRIBER RESULTS: ** Clearnet Communications recorded 38,457 net additions in the first quarter (46,920 last year), bringing its digital subscriber total to 346,930. Additions to Mike business service rose 28% over last year; additions to PCS service declined 35%. ** Microcell Solutions added 62,169 subscribers in this period (compared to 31,500 last year), bringing its subscriber base to 344,343. Among new subscribers, 72% are on the prepaid plan. NETCOM LOWERS LD, BUNDLED INTERNET RATES: Customers of Netcom Canada's Internet service who also use it for long distance will now receive Internet access for $21.95/month (regular rate, $26.95). Netcom has also reduced its U.S. and overseas rates. (See Telecom Update #175) CRTC DENIES BELL FIBER SWAP: In Telecom Order 99-346, the CRTC rejects an agreement under which Bell Canada and Bell Mobility would swap optical cable facilities in parts of Ontario. The commission says Bell must charge tariffed rates for its fiber. http://www.crtc.gc.ca/internet/1999/8045/04/o99-0346.htm SHAW@HOME REACHES 100,000-SUBSCRIBER MARK: Shaw Cablesystems says it now has 100,000 subscribers for its Shaw@Home high-speed Internet service. ** Shaw reports net income of $30.7 Million for the quarter ended February 28, compared to a loss of $2.4 Million last year. Revenues rose 19% to $216 Million NEXT STAGE IN LEDCOR-VANCOUVER DISPUTE: The CRTC says it will deal concurrently with applications by Ledcor and the City of Vancouver to resolve their right-of-way dispute (see Telecom Update #176, 177). The City is to file its reply to Ledcor, as well as its own application, by May 18. The Commission will issue a Public Notice on these questions later on. http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/proc_rep/telecom/1999/8690/L8-01.htm WIC BUYS OUT REGIONALVISION MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS: WIC Western International Communications has bought the 49% stake of minority shareholders in RegionalVision, a licensed LMCS provider. The other 51% is owned by Cancom, a WIC affiliate. WIC, which also owns LMCS licensee WIC Connexus, says the minority shareholders were influenced by delays in LMCS equipment availability. PROFITS UP AT JDS FITEL: JDS Fitel has announced profits for the quarter ended February 28 of $26.8 Million, up 25% over the previous quarter and 119% over last year. Revenues of $123 Million were 25% higher than the previous quarter. CRTC OPENS REGINA OFFICE: The CRTC has opened a new documentation center in Regina at 2125 11th Avenue, Suite 103. Call 306-780-3422. MT&T LATE PAYMENT CHANGE DENIED: CRTC Telecom Order 99-353 denies as excessive an MT&T request to increase the late-payment charge on accounts exceeding $25 from $1.25 to $2.50. http://www.crtc.gc.ca/internet/1999/8045/04/o99-0353.htm BELL NEXXIA, TELEGLOBE WIN EMBASSY CONTRACT: Bell Nexxia and Teleglobe have won a three-year, $40-Million contract for a global network linking Canada's 144 diplomatic missions. ACADIA U WINS SMITHSONIAN AWARD: Acadia University in Wolfville NS, has won a Smithsonian Institute award for IT innovation for its student computer access program. AIRIQ PROVIDES FLEET INVENTORY: AirIQ, a Pickering, Ontario, provider of vehicle tracking systems, now offers Automated Fleet Inventory, which enables managers to automatically locate and count their vehicles. CWTA PLANS WIRELESS SAFETY WEB SITE: The Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association plans this summer to create an Internet site, the Wireless Information Resource Centre, to take up wireless-related health and safety issues. MT&T TO PROVIDE NS PUBLIC SAFETY NET: MT&T has a contract to supply the Nova Scotia government with a 68-site wireless network for public safety and government organizations, using Motorola equipment. TELECOM SEMINARS: Participants have lauded Angus Dortmans' private seminars as "enlightening," "meaningful," "well- organized," and "fun." Workshops are available on many topics of telecom management, including: ** Fundamentals of Successful End-User Telecom Management ** Recent Telecom Regulatory Decisions and Key Industry Trends ** How to Develop and Present Telecom Business Cases to Senior Management ** Getting More for Less: How to Improve Telecom Supplier Relations ** Cutting Costs Without Cutting Service For further information on Angus Dortmans seminars, go to http://www.angustel.ca/angdort/adseminar.html. To discuss your workshop needs, call Henry Dortmans at 1-800-263-4415, ext 300. ============================================================ HOW TO SUBMIT ITEMS FOR TELECOM UPDATE E-MAIL: editors@angustel.ca FAX: 905-686-2655 MAIL: TELECOM UPDATE Angus TeleManagement Group 8 Old Kingston Road Ajax, Ontario Canada L1T 2Z7 =========================================================== HOW TO SUBSCRIBE (OR UNSUBSCRIBE) TELECOM UPDATE is provided in electronic form only. There are two formats available: 1. The fully-formatted edition is posted on the World Wide Web on the first business day of the week at http://www.angustel.ca/update/up.html 2. The e-mail edition is distributed free of charge. To subscribe, send an e-mail message to majordomo@angustel.ca. The text of the message should contain only the two words: subscribe update To stop receiving the e-mail edition, send an e-mail message to majordomo@angustel.ca. The text of the message should say only: unsubscribe update [Your e-mail address] =========================================================== COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER: All contents copyright 1999 Angus TeleManagement Group Inc. All rights reserved. For further information, including permission to reprint or reproduce, please e-mail rosita@angustel.ca or phone 905-686-5050 ext 225. The information and data included has been obtained from sources which we believe to be reliable, but Angus TeleManagement makes no warranties or representations whatsoever regarding accuracy, completeness, or adequacy. Opinions expressed are based on interpretation of available information, and are subject to change. If expert advice on the subject matter is required, the services of a competent professional should be obtained. ============================================================ ------------------------------ From: Paul Wills Subject: The Story of Antonio Meucci Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 12:08:59 -0400 Paul Pacini wrote: > I read once that a man by te name of Antonio Meucci, who was born in > Florence, Italy and moved to the USA had invented a telephone in > 1857. Do you know anything about this claim? A brief summary of Antonio Meucci (1808-1889): The problem with any invention is that, although one person usually gets the credit for it, and usually quite deservingly, there usually others who are also close to the idea but either never got it to work or just didn't have the right "promoter." Phillip Reis (1834-1874) a German certainly was one of the first people to come "close" to inventing the telephone. His mistake was trying to reduce the sound wave form to a series of "make and break" signals that would carry pitch but not sound quality. (Actually, there are those who say that he may, indeed, have developed a variable resistance point contact "microphone" by intent as Berliner did many years later but I guess we'll never know.) Elisha Gray (1835-1901) was very close to exploiting the undulating currents of telephonic speech but his work on the more commercially desirable harmonic telegraph kept him from developing a telephone instrument. (Bell, was also working on a harmonic telegraph but fortuitiously got side tracked by the telephone.) Ironically, Gray and Enos Barton were the founders of the firm of Gray and Barton which was eventually renamed Western Electric. He didn't do too badly for himself, telephone or not, and went on to earn huge sums of money for his patents including the harmonic telegraph and teleautograph. (When Western Electric spun off it's non-telephone electrical products division in 1927 they combined the names of the founders to form the name "Graybar" which is still around today.) One of the problems with the early telephone business is that if you were not associated with the Bell interests, there was no way that you could legally build and sell any device that used any of the principles that Bell had patented. This did not stop people from trying to bypass the Bell patents and get into the telephone business. Of course, Bell would then take the infringers to court. The defence used by these "infringers" was to attempt to prove that someone else had developed a working electric telephone before Bell had patented it. In other words, if you wanted to break into the telephone business without contracting with "Ma Bell" - who was probably just a maiden then - you would look for someone who had claimed that they had already developed a telephone, hire them, and go to court. Two of the more well known persons were Daniel Drawbaugh (1827-1911) from Eberly's Mills, Pennsylvania. Drawbaugh was certainly an accomplished mechanic and had a fair number of patents to his name. He had claimed to have developed a variable resistance carbon transmitter in 1867. Unfortunately for him, he had few records and no written proof that he had done it. The court case was quite involved and even required a railroad ticket agent to dig through his records to see when they had received a pump that was installed about the time that Drawbaugh was showing off his "talking machine" to some locals... you get the idea. Antonio Meucci was another person who had claimed to transmit speech electrically. He attended the School of Mechanics and Drawing of Florence and worked in the mechanical departments of theatres in different cities in Italy. He eventually moved to Havana, Cuba and then to New York in 1850. He tinkered with electroplating and, thus, was familiar with electricity. (He roomed with Giuseppe Garibaldi on Statin Island and ran a candle factory as a way of employing Italian refugees.) Meucci claimed to have developed a working telephone around 1870. His drawings show that it probably worked electro-magnetically as compared to Drawbaughs variable resistance type. He actually went as far as filing a caveat in 1871 but never persued a patent. Unfortunately, in the Summer of 1871, Meucci suffered near fatal injury due to a boiler explosion on the Staten Island Ferry. Confined to bed with little hope for his recovery, his wife sold all of his equipment for scrap and, thus, any proof of his invention was lost forever. Does any of this downplay what Bell had done? IMHO, I think not. Even if everyone runs a good race there is usually only one winner. Perhaps Bell's credit is as dependent on the people who he had around him as his own skill. Certainly, were it not for Gardner Hubbard, Bell probably would have lost the rights to his invention and gone back to teaching the deaf. (The lesson to be learned is to always seek out a good father-in-law!) Interesting stuff! To quote Elisha Gray, "The history of the telephone will never be fully written. It is partly hidden away in 20 or 30 thousand pages of testimony and partly lying on the hearts oand consciences of a few whose lips are Sealed, - Some in death and others by a golden clasp whose grip is even tighter." Several Books on the Subject: Schiavo, Giovanni E., "Antonio Meucci, Inventor of the Telephone," New York, The Vigo Press, 1958 Harder, Warren J., "Daniel Drawbaugh, The Edison of the Cumberland Valley," Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960 Thompson, Silvanus P. "Phillipp Reis: Inventor of the Telephone," London, E. &F. N. Spon, 1883 Current Books: Coe, Lewis. "The Telephone and its Several Inventors," Jefferson, NC, McFarland & Company, 1995 Adams, Stephen B. and Butler, Orville R. "Manufacturing the Future - A History of Western Electric," Cambridge, The Cambridge University Press, 1999 (A nice tribute to Elisha Gray) ------------------------------ From: midshires@cix.co.uk (Andrew Emmerson) Subject: Re: Who Invented the Telephone? Date: 18 Apr 1999 09:46:59 GMT Organization: CIX - Compulink Information eXchange Reply-To: midshires@cix.co.uk A good book to examine is WHO INVENTED THE TELEPHONE? by William Aitken (Blackie & Son, 1939), which in nearly 200 closely printed pages details the exploits of several dozen people who independently 'invented' the telephone. Meucci, it says, started his work in 1849 and the drawings given show a telephone functionally very similar to what we would recognise today. But as you read the book and examine the diagrams, you will see that many, many people came up with the basic principle of the electromagnetic receiver (and hence transmitter). To cite Bell as the sole inventor of the telephone is as stupid as crediting Elvis Presley with inventing rock and roll, or Marconi for radio, or Baird for television. We know that the basic principles of the transistor were published in the late 1920s, then independently rediscovered in the 1940s, and so it goes with so many other 'inventions'. All credit to Meucci -- and to Reiss, Bourseuil, Gray and all the other inventors of the telephone! Andy Emmerson ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 13:16:06 -0400 From: Sanjay Parekh Subject: Re: Who Invented the Telephone? > I somehow remember the name 'Meucci' as a person who did make some > improvements in *telegraphy* around the late-middle of the 19th > century. Any reader comments? PAT] And as a random side note ... Michael Corleone (Al Pacino) received the Antonio Meucci award from the American Italian something-or-other group in Godfather III. Michael also asks who Meucci was in the movie. Thats how I knew who he was. I know, I know. It's sad that I've learned things like this from the movies. Oh well ... =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= | Sanjay Parekh | | .@arris-i.com | | Systems Engineer | | Acceleration Services | | Arris Interactive | | Atlanta, GA | =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 11:24:56 -0400 From: Will Roberts Subject: NPR "Quest for Sound" Pat: Yesterday afternoon (4/16) I heard National Public Radio's "All Things Considered" broadcast its latest "Quest for Sound" feature which consisted of many fascinating broadcast clips from the AT&T corporate archivist: corporate image advertising of the 1930s and 1940s which portrayed the AT&T monopoly in mythic proportions and was instrumental in maintaining favorable public and legislative sentiment toward "Ma Bell." ("Quest for Sound" is a project of National Public Radio to get its listeners to send in their home recordings or other "lost" archival material of the last one hundred years to be shaped into stories that capture the rituals and sounds of everyday life.) When I checked this morning, the AT&T program was not yet available on the NPR web site, but it should be there shortly for those who may be interested: http://www.npr.org/programs/lnfsound/onair Among the "Quest for Sound" features which are currently available on the site is: March 19, 1999 - Mr. Watson, Come Here, I Want You! --------------------------------------------------- In this week's feature "Lost and Found Sound" we'll hear the voice of Thomas A. Watson, Alexander Graham Bell's assistant, who received the first telephone call. This sound came to us from our quest for sound line, from the grandson of Watson in Alabama. We hear in Watson's own words, the events surrounding that first phone call. I suspect that many Telecom Digest readers will find these recordings as fascinating as I do. Also there is a program which is "an exploration of the origin of the use of the word 'Hello' as a telephone greeting): http://www.npr.org/programs/lnfsound/onair/archive.html Here is the description of the AT&T program: Remember the tender warm embrace of Ma Bell? Up until the American Telephone and Telegraph's sanctioned monopoly was shattered in 1984, there was really only one Telephone Company in the United States. It's remnants include a grand archive in Warren, New Jersey: the AT&T Archives. NPR's Art Silverman, the Lost & Found Sound coordinating producer, visited the site and came away with dozens of soundtracks to the company's in-house and public movies and radio shows. His host was archivist Sheldon Hochheiser, who helped shed light on what motivated Ma Bell to pat herself on the back so often and so well. Regards, Will Roberts The Old Bear ------------------------------ Reply-To: Monty Solomon From: Monty Solomon Subject: Another Privacy Hole in IE 5.0? Date: Mon, 19 Apr 1999 14:37:58 -0400 by Chris Oakes 3:00 a.m. 16.Apr.99.PDT An obscure feature in Microsoft's Internet Explorer 5.0 Web browser informs Web sites when users bookmark their pages. The feature was discovered during an audit of Wired Digital server logs by software development manager Kevin Cooke and confirmed Thursday by Wired News. A Microsoft spokesperson said that the company is investigating the issue. http://www.wired.com/news/news/technology/story/19160.html ------------------------------ End of TELECOM Digest V19 #51 *****************************