SpecialCasing.txt - libgrapheme - unicode string library
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SpecialCasing.txt (17049B)
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1 # SpecialCasing-17.0.0.txt
2 # Date: 2025-07-31, 22:11:55 GMT
3 # © 2025 Unicode®, Inc.
4 # Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
5 # For terms of use and license, see https://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
6 #
7 # Unicode Character Database
8 # For documentation, see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/
9 #
10 # Special Casing
11 #
12 # This file is a supplement to the UnicodeData.txt file. The data in this file, combined with
13 # the simple case mappings in UnicodeData.txt, defines the full case mappings
14 # Lowercase_Mapping (lc), Titlecase_Mapping (tc), and Uppercase_Mapping (uc).
15 # For compatibility, the UnicodeData.txt file only contains simple case mappings
16 # for characters where they are one-to-one (and independent of context and language).
17 #
18 # For historical reasons, this file also provides additional information about the casing
19 # of Unicode characters for selected situations when casing is dependent on context or locale.
20 #
21 # Note that the preferred mechanism for defining tailored casing operations is
22 # the Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR). For more information, see the
23 # discussion of case mappings and case algorithms in the Unicode Standard.
24 #
25 # All code points not listed in this file that do not have simple case mappings
26 # in UnicodeData.txt map to themselves.
27 # ================================================================================
28 # Format
29 # ================================================================================
30 # The entries in this file are in the following machine-readable format:
31 #
32 # <code>; <lower>; <title>; <upper>; (<condition_list>;)? # <comment>
33 #
34 # <code>, <lower>, <title>, and <upper> provide the respective full case mappings
35 # of <code>, expressed as character values in hex. If there is more than one character,
36 # they are separated by spaces. Other than as used to separate elements, spaces are
37 # to be ignored.
38 #
39 # The <condition_list> is optional. Where present, it consists of one or more language IDs
40 # or casing contexts, separated by spaces. In these conditions:
41 # - A condition list overrides the normal behavior if all of the listed conditions are true.
42 # - The casing context is always the context of the characters in the original string,
43 # NOT in the resulting string.
44 # - Case distinctions in the condition list are not significant.
45 # - Conditions preceded by "Not_" represent the negation of the condition.
46 # The condition list is not represented in the UCD as a formal property.
47 #
48 # A language ID is defined by BCP 47, with '-' and '_' treated equivalently.
49 #
50 # A casing context for a character is defined in the
51 # "Conformance" / "Default Case Algorithms" section of the core specification.
52 #
53 # Parsers of this file must be prepared to deal with future additions to this format:
54 # * Additional contexts
55 # * Additional fields
56 # ================================================================================
57
58 # ================================================================================
59 # Unconditional mappings
60 # The mappings in this section are not language-sensitive nor context-sensitive.
61 #
62 # Note that comments provide additional information but
63 # do not modify the case mapping algorithms in the core specification, chapter 3.
64 # ================================================================================
65
66 # The German es-zed is special--the normal mapping is to SS.
67 # Note: the titlecase should never occur in practice. It is equal to titlecase(uppercase(<es-zed>))
68
69 00DF; 00DF; 0053 0073; 0053 0053; # LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S
70
71 # Preserve canonical equivalence for I with dot. Turkic is handled below.
72
73 0130; 0069 0307; 0130; 0130; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
74
75 # Ligatures
76
77 FB00; FB00; 0046 0066; 0046 0046; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FF
78 FB01; FB01; 0046 0069; 0046 0049; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FI
79 FB02; FB02; 0046 006C; 0046 004C; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FL
80 FB03; FB03; 0046 0066 0069; 0046 0046 0049; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFI
81 FB04; FB04; 0046 0066 006C; 0046 0046 004C; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFL
82 FB05; FB05; 0053 0074; 0053 0054; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE LONG S T
83 FB06; FB06; 0053 0074; 0053 0054; # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE ST
84
85 0587; 0587; 0535 0582; 0535 0552; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE ECH YIWN
86 FB13; FB13; 0544 0576; 0544 0546; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN NOW
87 FB14; FB14; 0544 0565; 0544 0535; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN ECH
88 FB15; FB15; 0544 056B; 0544 053B; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN INI
89 FB16; FB16; 054E 0576; 054E 0546; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE VEW NOW
90 FB17; FB17; 0544 056D; 0544 053D; # ARMENIAN SMALL LIGATURE MEN XEH
91
92 # No corresponding uppercase precomposed character
93
94 0149; 0149; 02BC 004E; 02BC 004E; # LATIN SMALL LETTER N PRECEDED BY APOSTROPHE
95 0390; 0390; 0399 0308 0301; 0399 0308 0301; # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS
96 03B0; 03B0; 03A5 0308 0301; 03A5 0308 0301; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS
97 01F0; 01F0; 004A 030C; 004A 030C; # LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CARON
98 1E96; 1E96; 0048 0331; 0048 0331; # LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH LINE BELOW
99 1E97; 1E97; 0054 0308; 0054 0308; # LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH DIAERESIS
100 1E98; 1E98; 0057 030A; 0057 030A; # LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH RING ABOVE
101 1E99; 1E99; 0059 030A; 0059 030A; # LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH RING ABOVE
102 1E9A; 1E9A; 0041 02BE; 0041 02BE; # LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RIGHT HALF RING
103 1F50; 1F50; 03A5 0313; 03A5 0313; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI
104 1F52; 1F52; 03A5 0313 0300; 03A5 0313 0300; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI AND VARIA
105 1F54; 1F54; 03A5 0313 0301; 03A5 0313 0301; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI AND OXIA
106 1F56; 1F56; 03A5 0313 0342; 03A5 0313 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI
107 1FB6; 1FB6; 0391 0342; 0391 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PERISPOMENI
108 1FC6; 1FC6; 0397 0342; 0397 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PERISPOMENI
109 1FD2; 1FD2; 0399 0308 0300; 0399 0308 0300; # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA AND VARIA
110 1FD3; 1FD3; 0399 0308 0301; 0399 0308 0301; # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA AND OXIA
111 1FD6; 1FD6; 0399 0342; 0399 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI
112 1FD7; 1FD7; 0399 0308 0342; 0399 0308 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH DIALYTIKA AND PERISPOMENI
113 1FE2; 1FE2; 03A5 0308 0300; 03A5 0308 0300; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA AND VARIA
114 1FE3; 1FE3; 03A5 0308 0301; 03A5 0308 0301; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA AND OXIA
115 1FE4; 1FE4; 03A1 0313; 03A1 0313; # GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO WITH PSILI
116 1FE6; 1FE6; 03A5 0342; 03A5 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI
117 1FE7; 1FE7; 03A5 0308 0342; 03A5 0308 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA AND PERISPOMENI
118 1FF6; 1FF6; 03A9 0342; 03A9 0342; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI
119
120 # IMPORTANT-when iota-subscript (0345) is uppercased or titlecased,
121 # the result will be incorrect unless the iota-subscript is moved to the end
122 # of any sequence of combining marks. Otherwise, the accents will go on the capital iota.
123 # This process can be achieved by first transforming the text to NFC before casing.
124 # E.g. <alpha><iota_subscript><acute> is uppercased to <ALPHA><acute><IOTA>
125
126 # The following cases are already in the UnicodeData.txt file, so are only commented here.
127
128 # 0345; 0345; 0399; 0399; # COMBINING GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI
129
130 # All letters with YPOGEGRAMMENI (iota-subscript) or PROSGEGRAMMENI (iota adscript)
131 # have special uppercases.
132 # Note: characters with PROSGEGRAMMENI are actually titlecase, not uppercase!
133
134 1F80; 1F80; 1F88; 1F08 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
135 1F81; 1F81; 1F89; 1F09 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
136 1F82; 1F82; 1F8A; 1F0A 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
137 1F83; 1F83; 1F8B; 1F0B 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
138 1F84; 1F84; 1F8C; 1F0C 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
139 1F85; 1F85; 1F8D; 1F0D 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
140 1F86; 1F86; 1F8E; 1F0E 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
141 1F87; 1F87; 1F8F; 1F0F 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
142 1F88; 1F80; 1F88; 1F08 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
143 1F89; 1F81; 1F89; 1F09 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
144 1F8A; 1F82; 1F8A; 1F0A 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
145 1F8B; 1F83; 1F8B; 1F0B 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
146 1F8C; 1F84; 1F8C; 1F0C 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
147 1F8D; 1F85; 1F8D; 1F0D 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
148 1F8E; 1F86; 1F8E; 1F0E 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
149 1F8F; 1F87; 1F8F; 1F0F 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
150 1F90; 1F90; 1F98; 1F28 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
151 1F91; 1F91; 1F99; 1F29 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
152 1F92; 1F92; 1F9A; 1F2A 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
153 1F93; 1F93; 1F9B; 1F2B 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
154 1F94; 1F94; 1F9C; 1F2C 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
155 1F95; 1F95; 1F9D; 1F2D 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
156 1F96; 1F96; 1F9E; 1F2E 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
157 1F97; 1F97; 1F9F; 1F2F 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
158 1F98; 1F90; 1F98; 1F28 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
159 1F99; 1F91; 1F99; 1F29 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
160 1F9A; 1F92; 1F9A; 1F2A 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
161 1F9B; 1F93; 1F9B; 1F2B 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
162 1F9C; 1F94; 1F9C; 1F2C 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
163 1F9D; 1F95; 1F9D; 1F2D 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
164 1F9E; 1F96; 1F9E; 1F2E 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
165 1F9F; 1F97; 1F9F; 1F2F 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
166 1FA0; 1FA0; 1FA8; 1F68 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
167 1FA1; 1FA1; 1FA9; 1F69 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
168 1FA2; 1FA2; 1FAA; 1F6A 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
169 1FA3; 1FA3; 1FAB; 1F6B 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
170 1FA4; 1FA4; 1FAC; 1F6C 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
171 1FA5; 1FA5; 1FAD; 1F6D 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
172 1FA6; 1FA6; 1FAE; 1F6E 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
173 1FA7; 1FA7; 1FAF; 1F6F 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
174 1FA8; 1FA0; 1FA8; 1F68 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
175 1FA9; 1FA1; 1FA9; 1F69 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
176 1FAA; 1FA2; 1FAA; 1F6A 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
177 1FAB; 1FA3; 1FAB; 1F6B 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
178 1FAC; 1FA4; 1FAC; 1F6C 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
179 1FAD; 1FA5; 1FAD; 1F6D 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
180 1FAE; 1FA6; 1FAE; 1F6E 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
181 1FAF; 1FA7; 1FAF; 1F6F 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI
182 1FB3; 1FB3; 1FBC; 0391 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH YPOGEGRAMMENI
183 1FBC; 1FB3; 1FBC; 0391 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI
184 1FC3; 1FC3; 1FCC; 0397 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH YPOGEGRAMMENI
185 1FCC; 1FC3; 1FCC; 0397 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI
186 1FF3; 1FF3; 1FFC; 03A9 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH YPOGEGRAMMENI
187 1FFC; 1FF3; 1FFC; 03A9 0399; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI
188
189 # Some characters with YPOGEGRAMMENI also have no corresponding titlecases
190
191 1FB2; 1FB2; 1FBA 0345; 1FBA 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
192 1FB4; 1FB4; 0386 0345; 0386 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
193 1FC2; 1FC2; 1FCA 0345; 1FCA 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
194 1FC4; 1FC4; 0389 0345; 0389 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
195 1FF2; 1FF2; 1FFA 0345; 1FFA 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
196 1FF4; 1FF4; 038F 0345; 038F 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
197
198 1FB7; 1FB7; 0391 0342 0345; 0391 0342 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
199 1FC7; 1FC7; 0397 0342 0345; 0397 0342 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
200 1FF7; 1FF7; 03A9 0342 0345; 03A9 0342 0399; # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI
201
202 # ================================================================================
203 # Conditional Mappings
204 # The remainder of this file provides conditional casing data used to produce
205 # full case mappings.
206 # ================================================================================
207 # Language-Insensitive Mappings
208 # These are characters whose full case mappings do not depend on language, but do
209 # depend on context (which characters come before or after). For more information
210 # see the header of this file and the Unicode Standard.
211 # ================================================================================
212
213 # Special case for final form of sigma
214
215 03A3; 03C2; 03A3; 03A3; Final_Sigma; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA
216
217 # Note: the following cases for non-final are already in the UnicodeData.txt file.
218
219 # 03A3; 03C3; 03A3; 03A3; # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA
220 # 03C3; 03C3; 03A3; 03A3; # GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
221 # 03C2; 03C2; 03A3; 03A3; # GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA
222
223 # Note: the following cases are not included, since they would case-fold in lowercasing
224
225 # 03C3; 03C2; 03A3; 03A3; Final_Sigma; # GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
226 # 03C2; 03C3; 03A3; 03A3; Not_Final_Sigma; # GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA
227
228 # ================================================================================
229 # Language-Sensitive Mappings
230 # These are characters whose full case mappings depend on language and perhaps also
231 # context (which characters come before or after). For more information
232 # see the header of this file and the Unicode Standard.
233 # ================================================================================
234
235 # Lithuanian
236
237 # Lithuanian retains the dot in a lowercase i when followed by accents.
238
239 # Remove DOT ABOVE after "i" with upper or titlecase
240
241 0307; 0307; ; ; lt After_Soft_Dotted; # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
242
243 # Introduce an explicit dot above when lowercasing capital I's and J's
244 # whenever there are more accents above.
245 # (of the accents used in Lithuanian: grave, acute, tilde above, and ogonek)
246
247 0049; 0069 0307; 0049; 0049; lt More_Above; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
248 004A; 006A 0307; 004A; 004A; lt More_Above; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
249 012E; 012F 0307; 012E; 012E; lt More_Above; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH OGONEK
250 00CC; 0069 0307 0300; 00CC; 00CC; lt; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
251 00CD; 0069 0307 0301; 00CD; 00CD; lt; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
252 0128; 0069 0307 0303; 0128; 0128; lt; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH TILDE
253
254 # ================================================================================
255
256 # Turkish and Azeri
257
258 # I and i-dotless; I-dot and i are case pairs in Turkish and Azeri
259 # The following rules handle those cases.
260
261 0130; 0069; 0130; 0130; tr; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
262 0130; 0069; 0130; 0130; az; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE
263
264 # When lowercasing, remove dot_above in the sequence I + dot_above, which will turn into i.
265 # This matches the behavior of the canonically equivalent I-dot_above
266
267 0307; ; 0307; 0307; tr After_I; # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
268 0307; ; 0307; 0307; az After_I; # COMBINING DOT ABOVE
269
270 # When lowercasing, unless an I is before a dot_above, it turns into a dotless i.
271
272 0049; 0131; 0049; 0049; tr Not_Before_Dot; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
273 0049; 0131; 0049; 0049; az Not_Before_Dot; # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
274
275 # When uppercasing, i turns into a dotted capital I
276
277 0069; 0069; 0130; 0130; tr; # LATIN SMALL LETTER I
278 0069; 0069; 0130; 0130; az; # LATIN SMALL LETTER I
279
280 # Note: the following case is already in the UnicodeData.txt file.
281
282 # 0131; 0131; 0049; 0049; tr; # LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I
283
284 # EOF
285