.if n .pH rn4.chap5 @(#)chap5	40.29
.\" Copyright 1989 AT&T
.BK "Software Notes"
.CH  "System Administration and Maintenance" "5"
.H 1 "System Administration and Maintenance Notes"
.IX istart UNIX System V Release 4, system administration notes
.H 2 "Improved Backup and Restore Operations"
.H 3 "Source Compatibility"
System administrators must recreate the online backup 
schedule using the \f4bkreg\f1 command.  
The pre-SVR4.0 exception list must also be
updated using the \f4bkxcept\f1 command.
.H 3 "Future Directions"
.IX \f4ckbupscd\fP(1M)
The \f4ckbupscd\f1 command will not be supported 
in future releases.
.H 2 "Backup/Restore Work-arounds"
.IX backup jobs, label checking override
.H 3 "-o Method Option"
The \f4-o\f1 \f2method\f1 option overrides label checking on \f4backup\f1(1M).
The override allows a backup to occur to a tape or disk that
has a label different from that specified for the operation.
Because \f4restore\f1(1M), and \f4rsoper\f1(1M) always check
labels, non-NULL labelled media should always be supplied in
any backup operation, even with label checking override.
.H 3 "Fimage Archives"
.IX backup methods, full image
.IX backup methods, full file
The \f4fimage\f1 method restores an entire file system.  If such an archive is
online, and the file system is unmounted, the restore will occur
automatically.  
A partition may be unintentionally overwritten if the
administrator requests a restore and such an archive is
available.
.H 3 "Backup Strategy"
Both \f4fimage\f1 and \f4ffile\f1 methods are 
complete file system backup strategies and 
are mutually exclusive.  Correct strategy 
is to use either \f4fimage\f1 or \f4ffile\f1 in conjunction with \f4incfile\f1.
.H 3 "Viewing Archive Labels"
.IX backup jobs, archive label viewing
The \f4rsoper\f1 \f4-n\f1 \f4-d\f1 ...' command allows an 
administrator to view the label of the archive on the device specified.
This is useful if external labels are damaged or backup history is lost.
.H 2 "Console Logging"
.H 3 "Source Compatibility"
.IX \f4/dev\fP, \f4conslog\fP, \f4console\fP, \f4syscon\fP
A new mechanism, \f4log(7)\f1, supports console messages in
a windowed environment.  User-level
processes should write to \f4/dev/conslog\f1 instead of
\f4/dev/console\f1 or \f4/dev/syscon\f1.
.H 3 "Future Directions"
The \f4/dev/console\f1
and \f4/dev/syscon\f1 special files are still available for use
in this release.  Access to a console by \f4/dev/console\f1
will be unavailable in a future release.
.H 2 "System Administration Menus \f4sysadm\f1
.IX menus (\f4sysadm\fP), dependencies and compatibilities
.IX \f4sysadm\fP(1M), dependencies and compatibilities
A new screen-based administrative interface, \f4sysadm\f1, is 
introduced in SVR4.0.  This interface uses FMLI utilities
and can be operated with the function keys on most terminals.
Appendix B,
\fIUsing the \f4sysadm\fI Interface\f1, found in
the \f2System Administrator's Guide\f1, explains how to use this
interface.
.H 3 "Source Compatibility"
The administrative interface, \f4sysadm\f1, is dependent 
upon the FMLI package. Tasks may be accessed directly from 
the shell level express mode. Administrative access to 
this interface with pre-SVR4.0 task names is supported.
.P
Add-on menus and tasks which were previously located under \fIPackage
Management\f1 in the pre-SVR4.0 interface hierarchy, are
now located under the \fIApplications\f1 menu in the SVR4.0 \f4sysadm\f1
interface.
Other add-on packages which were not previously installed
under the \f2Package Management\f1 menu should be 
relocated to an appropriate menu in the SVR4.0 hierarchy.
.P
Although the file \f4/usr/admin/gettyvalues\f1, which was used 
by the pre-SVR4.0 administrative interface, is obsolete, it
is included in this release.
.P
The pre-SVR4.0 \f4softwaremgmt/runpkg\f1 task is no longer supported.
.H 4 "Function Key Resets"
In a limited number of cases, users may find that keyboard
function keys may need to be reset after the termination of
a \f4sysadm\f1 session.
.H 3 "Future Directions"
The administrative logins
(i.e. \f4sysadm\f1, \f4setup\f1, \f4powerdown\f1, \f4makefsys\f1,
\f4mountfsys\f1, \f4umountfsys\f1, and \f4checkfsys\f1)
will not be supported in the next release. Commands
with the same names, however, will be supported.
.P
All support for the \f4old_sysadm\f1 menu item and
pre-SVR4.0 express mode names will be removed in a future
release.
.H 2 "Device Management"
A table driven device management facility is provided in this
release.  The administration feature set depends upon the information
in a device table to access tape drives, floppy disks, and
hard disks for software installation, backup/restore operations, and
device access throughout the \f4sysadm\f1 interface.
The table may be populated using the 
\f4storage_devices/descriptions/add\f1
task on the \f4sysadm\f1 interface.  
The \f2Storage Device Management\f1
chapter in the \f2System
Administrator's Guide\f1 explains the shell 
level interfaces used to manage the device table.
.H 3 "Future Directions"
.IX \f4/dev\fP, \f4[r]SA\fP directories
The \f4/dev/[r]SA\f1 directories 
are obsolete and will be removed
in a future release. 
These directories were part of the pre-SVR4.0 administrative
interface implementation. Devices should now be referenced
using standard pathnames or via the SVR4.0 device
managements facility.
.H 2 "Software Installation"
Included with the new installation feature is a new package
format.  This format is described in the \f2Programmer's Guide:
System Services and Application Packaging Tools\f1.
.H 3 "Source Compatibility"
The SVR4.0 software installation feature recognizes
packages in the pre-SVR4.0 format and can be used to install and
remove such packages.
It is recommended, however, that new software packages be created
and existing packages be converted, where feasible,
using the new format in order to take advantage of 
package auditing capabilities, and future enhancements.
Add-on packages that supply \f4sysadm\f1 interface tasks
should use the new \f4sysadm\f1 hierarchy.
.H 3 Printers
If printers are added using the sysadm OAM interface,
the file \f4/usr/sadm/sysadm/add-ons/lp/printers/Menu.lp\f1  must
be changed.
.P
.nf
Change line #7 from: \f4uname |set -e lp_system\f1;
.sp 1
		 to: \f4uname -n |set -e lp_system\f1;
.H 2 "User and Password Administration"
.H 3 "Future Directions"
.IX \f4pwconv\fP(1M)
The \f4pwconv\f1 command will not be updated in future 
releases to work with new identification and authorization database files.
.IX \f4passmgmt\fP(1M)
.P
The \f4passmgmt\f1 command will be removed from distribution in
the next release.  The functionality has been replaced by the
SVR4.0 \f4useradd\f1, \f4usermod\f1, and \f4userdel\f1 commands.
.IX iend UNIX System V Release 4, system administration notes
