The problem is silo development, poor senior analysts and engineers and yes, poor management. It doesn't matter how complicated a system is. If the upper management doesn't have a clear overview of needs... ...or if the senior engineers don't have a clear overview of their areas.... or if the developers are blinded from other aspects of the project and/or are prevented through poor communication channels to address potential issues before they arise.... ... there's going to be problems. We're NOT in new territory here. Management of large systems is *difficult* but not impossible. It's true that human bias is built into the systems. But good principles will catch most of them. It should catch nearly all of them. Look at the example they gave of the Volvo that crashed into the people. it was an optional module to be purchased that had people avoidance. Somebody decided to make that optional. Ball was dropped. Check boxes were checked as "ok" that weren't ok. The algorithms aren't the problem. it's the companies not crossing their t's and dotting their i's. == Me. I have certification in business management but that stuff is mostly a joke. It's my opinion and I'll happily stand behind it. == I'm sure I can find references of other mirroring my opinion. I'm not the first to have a systems-view of poor business practices smile emoticon I was a systems analyst for a few years but I also had total control from the point of receiving the business requirements to final product and providing support, as well as training a few people when I left the position... which I kinda created tongue emoticon [they didn't have anybody like me before I came in grin emoticon ] Project management involving people *is* a far more difficult affair, but I've seen it done well and I've seen it done very poorly. == Well, I'm sure I can drag up some references if I poke around. It's an opinion I've had since I was in school as a kid and noticing mismanagement by teachers and administration. Noticed it at every job. I've noticed it in personal relationships and even in running my own business. There's a name for it somewhere - I'll have to find it. But the 'gist' of it is: most of the effective work within organizations is done across departmental lines and is not represented in the hierarchy or the formal reports nor in the engineering requirements. It doesn't REPLACE the documented systems but it is SUCH a crucial part of systems that well run organizations depend on these 'hidden networks" to function, mistakenly giving full credit to the documented structure but in reality it is the corporate ethos that sets the success or failure rate. Subdividing work *does* work and work well up to a point; it is a product of our industrial revolution past and factory work. But in complex systems, the lowly programmer needs some informal contact with finance. The marketing department needs informal connections with the human resources , etc. Then issues sometimes be resolved before they begin. A good corporate culture can catch errors before they are missed. This seems to contradict what I said about about cross t's and dotting i's. But it doesn't. The informal, undocumented connections _ought to be_ a part of the operations of a company. Part of dotting i's and crossing t's is allowing for these informal networks to form: It's what brings the hidden concerns up to the point where they CAN become documented issues. I'm sure I've read this elsewhere as well someplace. I guess it's just become such a part of "how I think" about these things that I really don't know where it could've come from anymore. But a little thinking and I'm sure I could come across some reference materials that will let you go beyond some guy's comment (me grin emoticon ) on a facebook post smile emoticon == Also, consider the bias of the article before it becomes an article of concern: This is an OPINION piece he is writing. It is fundamentally no different from what I wrote above, except he was published in Forbes and I was published on Facebook. [1]http://www.forbes.com/sites/kalevleetaru/ If you look at the other articles of the author you will see a similar bias. This does not invalidate his or validate mine but I rather see them as on nearly level footing. == But beyond my solution to these issues on a more esoteric scale, I'll switch to something far more basic: A PRODUCT should not be released to MARKET without being properly checked. These are not algorithms that are taking over. These are PRODUCTS being sold to customers. == References Visible links 1. https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fkalevleetaru%2F&h=LAQGysGr6