.TH NDB 2
.SH NAME
ndbopen, ndbcat, ndbclose, ndbreopen, ndbsearch, ndbsnext, ndbgetval, ndbfree, ipattr, ndbipinfo, csipinfo, ndbhash, ndbparse, csgetval, ndblookval, dnsquery \- network database
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <u.h>
.br
.B #include <libc.h>
.br
.B #include <bio.h>
.br
.B #include <ndb.h>
.ta \w'\fLNdbtuplexx 'u
.PP
.B
Ndb*	ndbopen(char *file)
.PP
.B
Ndb*	ndbcat(Ndb *db1, Ndb *db2)
.PP
.B
int	ndbreopen(Ndb *db)
.PP
.B
void	ndbclose(Ndb *db)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndbsearch(Ndb *db, Ndbs *s, char *attr, char *val)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndbsnext(Ndbs *s, char *attr, char *val)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndbgetval(Ndb *db, Ndbs *s, char *attr, char *val,
.br
.B
		char *rattr, char *buf)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	csgetval(char *netroot, char *attr, char *val, char *rattr, char *buf)
.PP
.B
void	ndbfree(Ndbtuple *db)
.PP
.B
char*	ipattr(char *name)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndbipinfo(Ndb *db, char *attr, char *val, char **attrs,
.br
.B		int nattr)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	csipinfo(char *netroot, char *attr, char *val, char **attrs,
.br
.B		int nattr)
.PP
.B
ulong	ndbhash(char *val, int hlen)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndbparse(Ndb *db)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	dnsquery(char *netroot, char *domainname, char *type)
.PP
.B
Ndbtuple*	ndblookval(Ndbtuple *entry, Ndbtuple *line, char *attr, char *to)
.SH DESCRIPTION
These routines are used by network administrative programs to search
the network database.
They operate on the database files described in
.IR ndb (6).
.PP
.I Ndbopen
opens the database
.I file
and calls
.IR malloc (2)
to allocate a buffer for it.
If
.I file
is zero, all network database files are opened.
.PP
.I Ndbcat
concatenates two open databases.  Either argument may be
nil.
.PP
.I Ndbreopen
checks if the database files associated with
.I db
have changed and if so throws out any cached information and reopens
the files.
.PP
.I Ndbclose
closes any database files associated with
.I db
and frees all storage associated with them.
.PP
.I Ndbsearch
and
.I ndbsnext
search a database for an entry containing the
attribute/value pair,
.IR attr = val .
.I Ndbsearch
is used to find the first match and
.I ndbsnext
is used to find each successive match.
On a successful search both return a linked list of
.I Ndbtuple
structures acquired by
.IR malloc (2)
that represent the attribute/value pairs in the
entry.
On failure they return zero.
.IP
.EX
typedef struct Ndbtuple Ndbtuple;
struct Ndbtuple {
        char      attr[Ndbalen];
        char      val[Ndbvlen];
        Ndbtuple  *entry;
        Ndbtuple  *line;
        ulong     ptr;    /* for the application; starts 0 */
};
.EE
.LP
The
.I entry
pointers chain together all pairs in the entry in a null-terminated list.
The
.I line
pointers chain together all pairs on the same line
in a circular list.
Thus, a program can implement 2 levels of binding for
pairs in an entry.
In general, pairs on the same line are bound tighter
than pairs on different lines.
.PP
The argument
.I s
of
.I ndbsearch
has type
.I Ndbs
and should be pointed to valid storage before calling
.IR ndbsearch ,
which will fill it with information used by
.I ndbsnext
to link successive searches.
The structure
.I Ndbs
looks like:
.IP
.EX
typedef struct Ndbs Ndbs;
struct Ndbs {
        Ndb      *db;   /* data base file being searched */
        ...
        Ndbtuple *t;    /* last attribute value pair found */
};
.EE
.LP
The
.I t
field points to the pair within the entry matched by the
.I ndbsearch
or
.IR ndbsnext .
.PP
.I Ndbgetval
searches the database for an entry containing not only an
attribute/value pair,
.IR attr = val ,
but also a pair with the attribute
.IR rattr .
If successful, it copies the value associated with
.I rattr
into
.IR buf .
.I Buf
must point to an area at least
.I Ndbvlen
long.
.I Csgetval
is like
.I ndbgetval
but queries the connection server
instead of looking directly at the database.
It's first argument specifies the network root to use.
If the argument is 0, it defaults to
\f5"/net"\f1.
.PP
.I Ndbfree
frees a list of tuples returned by one of the other
routines.
.PP
.I Ipattr
takes the name of an IP system and returns the attribute
it corresponds to:
.RS
.TP
.B dom
domain name
.TP
.B ip
Internet number
.TP
.B sys
system name
.RE
.PP
.I Ndbipinfo
looks up Internet protocol information about a system.
This is an IP aware search.  It looks first for information
in the system's database entry and then in the database entries
for any IP subnets or networks containing the system.
The system is identified by the
attribute/value pair,
.IR attr = val .
.I Ndbipinfo
returns a list of tuples whose attributes match the
attributes in the 
.I n
element array
.IR attrs .
For example, consider the following database entries describing a network,
a subnetwork, and a system.
.PP
.EX
ipnet=big ip=10.0.0.0 ipsubmask=255.255.255.0
	dns=dns.big.com
	smtp=smtp.big.com
ipnet=dept ip=10.1.1.0 ipmask=255.255.255.0
	smtp=smtp1.big.com
ip=10.1.1.4 dom=x.big.com
	bootf=/386/9pc
.EE
.PP
Calling
.PP
.EX
   ndbipinfo(db, "dom", "x.big.com", ["bootf" "smtp" "dns"], 3)
.EE
.PP
will return the tuples
.BR bootf=/386/9pc ,
.BR smtp=smtp1.big.com ,
and
.BR dns=dns.big.com .
.PP
.I Csipinfo
is to
.I ndbipinfo
as
.I csgetval
is to
.IR ndbgetval .
.PP
The last three calls are used by programs that create the
hash tables and database files.
.I Ndbhash
computes a hash offset into a table of length
.I hlen
for the string
.IR val .
.I Ndbparse
reads and parses the next entry from the database file.
Multiple calls to
.IR ndbparse
parse sequential entries in the database file.
A zero is returned at end of file.
.PP
.I Dnsquery
submits a query about
.I domainname
to the
.I ndb/dns
mounted at
.IB netroot /dns.
It returns a linked list of
.I Ndbtuple's
representing a single database entry.
The tuples are logicly arranged into lines using the
.B line
fieldin the structure.
The possible
.IR type 's
of query are and the attributes on each returned tuple line is:
.TP
.B ip
find the IP addresses.  Returns
domain name
.RI ( dom )
and ip address
.RI ( ip )
.TP
.B mx
look up the mail exchangers.  Returns preference
.RI ( pref )
and exchanger
.RI ( mx )
.TP
.B ptr
do a reverse query.  Here
.I domainname
must be an
.SM ASCII
IP address.  Returns reverse name
.RI ( ptr )
and domain name 
.RI ( dom )
.TP
.B cname
get the system that this name is a nickname for.  Returns the nickname
.RI ( dom )
and the real name
.RI ( cname )
.TP
.B soa
return the start of area record for this field.  Returns
area name
.RI ( dom ),
primary name server
.RI ( ns ),
serial number
.RI ( serial ),
refresh time in seconds
.RI ( refresh ),
retry time in seconds
.RI ( retry ),
expiration time in seconds
.RI ( expire ),
and minimum time to lie
.RI ( ttl ).
.TP
.B ns
name servers.  Returns domain name
.RI ( dom )
and name server
.RI ( ns )
.PP
.I Ndblookval
searches 
.I entry
for the tuple
with attribute
.IR attr ,
copies the value into
.IR to ,
and returns a pointer to the tuple.
If
.I line
points to a particular line in the entry, the
search starts there and then wraps around to the beginning
of the entry.
.SH FILES
.BR /lib/ndb "    directory of network database files
.SH SOURCE
.B /sys/src/libndb
.SH SEE ALSO
.IR ndb (6)
.IR ndb (8)
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
These routines set
.IR errstr .