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HERBAL TINCTURES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, 3.0

Copyright 1996 by Michael Moore.  Use it, share it, just don't sell it
or change it in any way (unless you get my permission)

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CHANGES TO THE THIRD EDITION:

(1) I have added 41 new tinctures (there are now about 200), dropped a 
couple...reinforcing the basic premise of only dealing with herbs that I feel are
BEST used as tinctures

(2) I have added the tincture specifics, parts used, and menstruum proportions. 
Instead of having to cross-reference my Materia Medica, I simply included it here.
 You will still need to refer to the other manual for METHODS.

(3) I standardized dosages with the Materia Medica in a number of instances, kept
previous ones when a specific application held specific differences from the
"norm"

(4) I added the (*) in front of those herbs that hold some degree of risk in
pregnancy, real or potential; I am more conservative here than usual...
tinctures are often more emphatic than other media...and there is a presumption
of their use for patients already seeking help with a pathology or an imbalance.

(5) I have revised, enlarged or added to many usages and contraindications

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THE LIMITS OF THIS MANUAL:

I am a North American herbalist, using a holistic and constitutional approach to
botanical medicine that is based upon western anatomy and physiology.  Although
I consider myself a careful and experienced practitioner, these recommendations are
PERSONAL OPINIONS.  This is no place or circumstance for me to thoroughly define or
explain the rationales for my recommendations.  These are THUMBNAIL clinical 
pictures, using a nomenclature that is equal parts of Standard Practice Medicine
and Alternative Medicine.  I am supplying quick and dirty profiles of use, in the
hope that a variety of health care professionals may find useful information from
an HERB professional.  Trust me or don't...just consider this manual, as with my
other manuals, to be the advice of an Old Pro...and leave it at that.

Further, as a Green Herbalist (one that doesn't trust ANY herb unless it can be
personally gathered at least once) my recommendations are heavily biased towards
North American Herbs.  This does not mean that the BEST herbs grow in North
America...it means that Michael Moore lives in North America, that's the shit
he knows, and he hates to talk about stuff he DOESN'T know.

(...move down, clean plate...)

INTRODUCTION

     The purpose of this little manual is to provide the physician or health care
professional with clear diagnostic pictures of those herbs that work best as
tinctures, and to give clear and reasonable guidelines for dosage, frequency. and
warnings of side effects or contraindications.

     Tinctures are generic preparations of herbs using varying ratios of water and
alcohol, with the occasional addition of 5% or 10% glycerine in a few herbs high
in tannic acid or similar potential precipitant-forming acids.  The majority of
those listed in this manual were formerly official preparations listed in older
U.S.P and N.F volumes, and summated in Culbreth's Materia Medica (1927) and King's
American Dispensatory (1915), both available in newer reprints, as well as
(briefly) in my pamphlet Herbal Materia Medica.

     Most tinctures made from dry plants are 1:5 strength with one part of the
dried weight represented in five parts (by volume) of the tincture.  A few
stronger plants (Aconitum, Veratrum, etc.) are properly 1:10.  Many herbs are best
tinctured fresh, and the usual strength is 1:2.  Dry herb tinctures (the majority)
are best prepared as a percolation (described in any Remington's Pharmaceutical
Sciences edition), although maceration was and is considered a proper alternative.
Fresh herb tinctures should only be done as a maceration.  Percolation demands at
least 50% alcohol, as too much water causes excess hydration of the herb in the
column and decreases osmosis, diffusion and solubility, so by and large any
tincture less than that strength or without some indication of its proportion of
weight to volume should be suspect.  It is true that some individuals react poorly
to ethanol, or have a moral or ethical objection to its presence.  They should use
teas or capsules; when tinctures are made, they need a proper proportion of
alcohol and water, based on the mechanics of extraction and solubility of the
plant constituents.

     Tinctures are easier to use than many other forms of botanicals, and (as in
those herbs listed in the text) often are the preferred media for maximum
efficacy.  Some herbs such as Trillium are only truly effective fresh, and a fresh
plant tincture retains these properties.  Some herbs, such as Scutellaria, degrade
rapidly after drying, and a tincture of the recent plant preserves the
constituents far longer than would be possible otherwise.  Still other plants have
a high portion of oleoresins, only completely soluble in higher proportions of
alcohol.  An herb such as Hydrastis may have a highly soluble alkaloid (berberine)
and a poorly soluble one (hydrastine); a tea will present only soluble
constituents, the tincture will present the complete plant.  Further, the shelf
life of tinctures is years.

     In practice, dosage for children should follow Young's Rule.  On a subtler
level, many of the herbs in this manual provide safe treatment or INFLUENCES
to problems that arise from an extended life...constitutional, chronic and
environmental concerns...problems seldom encountered in a young person.  A
person of forty years may have frequent bronchial conditions that can be
classified as "sub-acute", "chronic" or "boggy"; a child SELDOM presents with
symptoms other than acute or inflamatory.  Philosophically, young life forms
are notoriously profligate with life energy when confronting a disorder; older
life forms are more reserved...more "zen"...and also more prone to defensive
strategies that remain incompletely resolved.

Restated...use simple stuff for kids, stuff aimed at soothing or resolving.
Get subtle and "holistic" with grownups...we NEED it more.

Michael Moore
Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1/1/96

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THE TINCTURES AND APPLICATIONS:

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ACHILLEA (Yarrow)
Fevers, common cold, amenorrhea, passive bleeding from boggy mucosa. Hemostatic
from LowerUT bleeding with pain on urination (secondary to other treatment)
WHOLE FLOWERING PLANT. Tincture [FRESH 1:2, DRY 1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-40 drops, 4x
a day.
CONTRA: Bradycardia, coagulation disorders, nephritis.

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*ACONITUM (Aconite, Monkshood)
To modify simple fever, with pain, irritation, inflamed and engorged mucosa and
conjunctiva, with rapid, wiry pulse.  Applied locally (diluted with 3 parts water)
for sharp, neurogenic pain such as trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster (where skin
is intact)
FLOWERING HERB. Fresh Herb Tincture, 1:4, topical in moderation, internal 1-5
drops to 4X a day.
CONTRA: For acute, self-limiting, not for complex, extended or chronic conditions.

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*ACORUS (Calamus)
Flatulent colic, chronic dyspepsia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome cramps with flatus,
gastritis symptoms.  Sometimes serviceable in anorexia.
RHIZOME/ROOT. Tincture [FRESH 1:2,DRY 1:5,60% alcohol], 15-45 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, MAO inhibition, major emotional disorders.

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*ACTEA RUBRA  (A. arguta,  Baneberry)
Dull aches, rheumatoid-like, in uterus, joints, muscle insertions; orbital 
headache; crampy, late menses with vague pains in extremities; headaches clearly
associated with dysmenorrhea.
ROOT.  Fresh or Dry Tincture, [1:2, or 1:5, 80% alcohol] 10-20 drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, bradykinin excesses; too large a dose can induce a frontal
headache and it is a CNS depressant for some.

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*AESCULUS GLABRA (Ohio Buckeye)
Venous stasis in pelvis and legs, with dyspepsia and general GI hypofunction,
rectal heaviness; hemorrhoids, in athletic, strong individuals with myenteric
plexus suppression from sympathetic dominance (the opposite of COLLINSONIA).
BARK and FRUIT.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-15 drops.
CONTRA: Any vascular disorders, episodic hypertension, organic disease.

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ALETRIS (True Unicorn)
Flatulent colic, anorexia and upper GI disorders accompanying GU and menstrual
problems, dyspepsia. 
NOTE: Often confused with Chamaelirium (Helonias), an effective reproductive
system tonic.  Aletris is a pure aromatic bitter...a GI tonic.
RHIZOME. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops to 3X a day, before meals.

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*ALOE - dried juice
Chronic constipation with atonic myenteric and mesenteric functions,
deficient bile secretions with steatorrhea or dry marbly feces.
DRIED JUICE.  Tincture [ 1:10, 50% alcohol] 15-60 drops to 3x a day.  Use with
antispasmodic such as Acorus or Angelica.
CONTRA: Any GI inflammation, pregnancy.

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AMBROSIA   (Ragweed, Bursage, Yerba del Sapo)
Hay fever with watery eyes, nasal membranes...acute allergic rhinitis; otitis
media from allergies, rhinitis.
HERB.Tincture [Fresh Herb,1:2,Dry Herb,1:5,60% alcohol] 20-40 drops to 4X a day
NOTE: It will NOT trigger an allergic response in those with Ragweed allergies.

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AMMI VISNAGA (Khella, Bishops's Weed)
General bronchodilator for long-term use in asthma; asthma with sleep apnea. The
tincture can be rubbed in the scalp every several days for seborrhea.
SEEDS.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol], 60-120 drops to 4X a day.  
NOTE: Not advisable for extended use by those with overt inhaler dependencies. 
Whole seed CVS uses are rather inferior to the refined constituents, but quite
adequate for smooth-muscle relaxation.

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*ANEMONE PULSATILLA (Pulsatilla, Pasque Flower)
Insomnia, nervousness, and a generally agitated emotional state with gloom and
distress. Wan and chilly, not hot and flushed.  Headaches, eye pain or neck pain
from elevated CSF pressure from prolactin/dopamine imbalance caused by hypo-luteal
PMS.  Sometimes helpful for palpitations from similar causes.
FRESH PLANT. Tincture [1:2] 3-10 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, bradycardia, acute and febrile conditions.

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ANEMOPSIS (Yerba Mansa)
Subacute rhinitis, sinusitis, and cystitis; mucus colitis; subacute pharyngitis
from staph/strep; joint inflammations with hyperuricemia; low pH urine
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-60 drops to 5X  a
day.  Dilute for gargle.
CONTRA: none.

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*ANGELICA
Dry, intrinsic asthma; menstrual cramps with scanty initial menses, PMS
constipation seemingly from lacteal deficiency; intestinal colic, tenesmus.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root,1:2,Dry Root,1:5,65%alcohol) 30-60 drops to 4X a day
CONTRA: May trigger spotting in pregnancy.

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*ANGELICA SINENSIS - Dong Quai (cured Angelica)
Decreased anabolic functions from ovarian or testicular deficiencies, apparently
by increasing steroid binding sites. Many symptoms of menopause respond well to
it.
CURED CHINESE OR KOREAN ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 70%  alcohol] 5-20 drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy or subclinical gonad hyperfunction; aldosterone-induced EHT

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*APOCYNUM CANNABINUM (Dogbane, Canadian Hemp)
Moderate fluid retention with puffy eyes, feet, and hands, some arterial and
venous congestion, but not enough to warrant drug therapy. Dry skin, constipation
and scanty urine.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-20 drops, to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, overt cardiopathies needing stronger Rx, or in combination with
prescription medicine.

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ARALIA RACEMOSA (Spikenard)
Chronic coughing with excess secretions; bronchorrhea; subacute cystitis with
mucus in urine, no odor; as an adaptogen similar to Panax.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root,1:2, Recent Dry Root,1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-30 drops.

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ARCTIUM - Burdock
IgE-mediated allergies, i.e.,psoriasis,eczema, etc; arthritis, gout... wherever
uric acid production is elevated or where urine has an unusually low pH.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops, all 3X a
day.

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*ARCTOSTAPHYLOS (Uva-Ursi)
Urethritis and cystitis with alkaline pH, resulting from fruit or sugar 
bingeing with low protein and phospholipid consumption; in acidic pH 
urethritis, as an astringent.
LEAVES.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops in 8 oz. of water, to 4x a day
with cranberry juice.
CONTRA: Pregnancy (placental vasoconstrictor), anticoagulants.  It can induce a
salicylate reaction on rare occasions.

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ARISAEMA (Jack-in-the-Pulpit)
Laryngitis, pharyngitis, aggravated or caused by talking, singing, shouting.
CORM.  Tincture [Fresh Corm, slightly wilted, 1:2, 50% alcohol] 2-10 drops as
needed on tongue and swallowed or gargle.
CONTRA: Over-vigorous use can irritate the fauces.

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*ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENTARIA (Virginia Snakeroot)
Acute disease with suppressed sweating, hot dry skins/membranes, where patient is
depressed and vagus/parasympathetic diaphoretics are inappropriate; poor lipid
digestion, malabsorption of dietary A, D, and E vitamins, with lipotropic factor
therapy in poor lipid metabolism.
ROOT and HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol] 5-20 drops
to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, vascular or liver disease (except early arteriosclerosis), GI
excess; if over-stimulating to GI secretory functions or irritates, decrease dose
or discontinue use.

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*ARISTOLOCHIA WATSONII (Raiz del Indio, Indian Root)
As a simple bitter to increase upper GI secretions; to stimulate amination and
protein metabolism in the liver; to stimulate phagocytosis by reticulo-endothelial
cells; to increase (more subtly than A. serpentaria) visceral blood supply and
peripheral circulation. Less stimulating than previous but better tolerated as a
tonic for extended use.
ROOT and HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol] 5-20 drops
to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, most prescription drugs (it may overstimulate liver  metabolism
and shorten the duration of their activity), overt liver or vascular pathologies.

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*ARNICA
As a liniment as is or diluted with equal parts water, for bruises,
hyperextensions and athletic injuries...applied by hand to part and allowed to
dry; externally for acute arthritis;  internally following blows, trauma,
bruising...wherever hematomas and vascular nerve damage as occurred, but ONLY in
the physically strong individual.
WHOLE PLANT. Fresh plant, flower or root tincture [1:2], dry flowers or herb
tincture, [1:5, 50% alcohol] and dry root tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol].  EXTERNAL
is diluted with one or two parts of water, applied as needed. INTERNAL: 3-10
drops. 
TAKE INTERNALLY WITH CARE
CONTRA: Can cause dermal irritation in some people...cease use.  Although this
plant as an ugly reputation, internal use (as outlined above) is PERFECTLY safe. 

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*ARTEMISIA VULGARIS  (Mugwort, California Mugwort)
For gastric hypersecretion, where stronger measures are inappropriate; a simple
diaphoretic to "break" fevers in the older child or the adrenergic-dominant,
liver-deficient adult;  as a simple bitter tonic used before evening meals by
those with chronic lipid cravings.
HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alc.] 10-25 drops
CONTRA: Pregnancy, liver disease.

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ASAFETIDA  (Ferula asafetida, Devil's Dung, Stinkasant)
Aseptic gastroenteritis with flatulence and palpitations; impotence/ frigidity
with depressed circulation and intestinal function.
GUM. Tincture [1:5, 85% alcohol] 5-20 drops.
CONTRA: It can be repellent to some individuals, and can induce allergies and
urticaria in those that cannot tolerate the brassica sulphur compounds.

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ASARUM (Wild Ginger)
For colds, viral infections to induce sweating; crampy slow-starting menses from
progesterone deficiencies.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-50 drops in hot 
water to 3x a day.
CONTRA: GI inflammation, difficult pregnancy.

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*ASCLEPIAS ASPERULA (Inmortal)
Dry pleurisy, mild ascites, intrinsic asthma; postpartum with poor 
contractions, little colostrum and suppressed lochia.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5,50% alcohol] 5-30 drops, to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, cardiopathies and wherever a parasympathomimetic is
inappropriate.

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*ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA (Pleurisy Root)
Bronchitis, pleurisy and pneumonitis...even asthma, whenever characterized by hot,
dry mucosa and serous membranes; dry skin and inability to sweat, deficient
sebaceous secretions.
ROOT. Cold Infusion, 2-4 ounces. Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol]
30-90 drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Same as above.

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ASPARAGUS OFFICINALE
A volume diuretic for anabolic individuals with chronic hyperacidic urine and high
specific gravity
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol],30-60 drops in water, 3X a
day.

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AVENA (Oats, Wild Oats)
Nervous exhaustion in normally strong people, from sympathetic adrenergic burnout
or abuse of sympathomimetics.  Not strong or druggy, needs frequent small doses.
UNRIPE FRESH SEED, w/"Milky" center.  Fresh Tincture [1:2], 10-20 drops, to 4X a
day.

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BALSAMORHIZA  (Balsam Root)
"Winter" sore throat and chronic upper respiratory irritation, often the result of
several months of wood smoke or forced-air heating exposure.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 65% alcohol], 20-50 drops in hot
water, to 4X a day.

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*BAPTISIA (Wild Indigo Root)
Any skin or mucoepithelial infections especially from endogenous bacteria, with
immunologic depression and poor, asthenic vital functions; adjunct therapy to
antibiotics for mild septicemia.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol], WHOLE PLANT. Fresh Tincture [1:2], both taken
10-25 drops, to 3X a day, or every three hours initially.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, major pathologies in general, and can stimulate the rate of
liver breakdown of some drug therapeutics.

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BAROSMA (Buchu)
Cystitis, urethritis, dysuria with urging but little relief...all above from acid
pH urine from stress, allergic responses, diet.
LEAVES.  Tincture  [1:5, 80% alcohol], 30-60 drops in water. Both forms to 4X a
day.
CONTRA: Better for subacute/chronic, may irritate acute stages. May color urine;
not hemolytic, just plant pigments. Will aggravate nephritis.

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*BERBERIS (Barberry)
Chronic, edemic mucosa ulcers in GI; hangovers from booze or working with
solvents; allergic IgE responses, to shorten duration by increasing liver
catabolism.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-60 drops. 
CONTRA: Acute inflammation, pregnancy, liver disease.

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*BRYONIA (Bryony)
Sharp, cutting pain in the lungs or the chest, usually with fever or flushed face;
post-op or hepatitis ascites with sharp pain, sluggish portal circulation; sharp
pain with hyperemia in right face, scalp, shoulders, all aggravated by motion.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, recent Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 2-10 drops
to 3X a day.  
USE WITH CARE; better in small, frequent doses.
CONTRA: Pregnancy; major chronic disease; low blood pressure; bradycardia. 

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BURSERA MICROPHYLLA  (Elephant Tree, Torote)
Topical for acute periodontitis, acute early stages of herpes.  Internally for
bronchorrhea, chronic cystitis/urethritis without active inflammation, endogenous
infections, with depressed WBC.
GUM. Tincture [1:5, 80% alcohol], 5-20 drops, and diluted for mouth wash.
TWIGS/LEAVES.  Fresh plant tincture [1:2], 10-30 drops.

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*CACALIA DECOMPOSITA (Maturique)
Insulin-resistant diabetes, where adrenalin (not glucagon) aggravates and
digestion is poor, with a history of sugar and carbo abuse.
ROOT. Tincture  [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol), 15-30 drops. 
Usually for acute hyperglycemic episodes; I wouldn't advise extended use.
CONTRA: Adult onset types with elevated cholesterol, triglyceride and uric cid;
liver disease; pregnancy.

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CALENDULA (Common or European Marigold)
Topically for slow healing abrasions with pyogenic membrane and lesser burns,
diluted with 2 or 3 parts water; slow-healing gastric ulcers.
FLOWERS.  Tincture [Fresh Flowers, 1:2, Dry Flowers, 1:5, 70% alcohol] 5-30 drops,
to 4X a day.  Dilute with several parts of water for topical use.

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*CAPSELLA (Shepherd's Purse)
Urinary astringent in urethritis, hyperuricemia with gout (between episodes) or
urate stones (to prevent). Passive capillary bleeding from uterus, GI, bladder,
etc., and postpartum bleeding.
WHOLE PLANT. Tincture (Fresh Plant, 1:2, recent Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 20-60
drops.
CONTRA: Any coagulation disorders, pregnancy, hypotension with bradycardia
(Capsella is cholinergic), pregnancy (also an oxytocin synergist).

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CAPSICUM - ("African" Cayenne)
Peripheral dilation when skin is hot and dry or the first stages of a head cold,
with dry, hot mucosa; achlorhydria in aged or alcoholic; vasoneurosis, Raynaud's
etc.
FRUIT. Tincture [1:5, 95% alcohol] 5-15 drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Acute GI, renal inflammation.

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CARDAMON
Dyspepsia, gastralgia, colon spasms, poor salivation and adrenergic suppression of
gastric secretion.
SEEDS.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-10 drops before meals or as needed.

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CASTELA (Holacantha, Chaparro Amargosa)
Amebiasis and giardiasis, as a primary treatment or combined with Rheum (Rhubarb);
a secondary treatment for candidiasis or bacterial enteritis; anti-microbial
topically, internally or to prevent protozoa infections.
"HERB". Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 20-50 drops (as
anti-microbial) to 5x a day, 15 - 30 to 5x a day (to prevent protozoa), 5-10 drops
(as bitter tonic).

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*CAULOPHYLLUM (Blue Cohosh)
Any uterine conditions characterized by asthenic, flaccid uterine muscles, with
heavy, bearing-down sensations or cervical venosities.
RHIZOME / ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 5-20 drops, usually in formula
context.
CONTRA: Pregnancy; sometimes useful in birthing but also very unpredictable.

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CEANOTHUS (Jersey Tea, Red Root)
Weakness and bogginess in lymph pulp and nodes; Rouleau of RBC, without dysplasia,
mild splenomegaly; acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root,1:2,Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-90 drops, 4X a day
CONTRA: Coagulation problems.

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CENTAURIUM  (Erythraea,  Centaury)
A simple bitter, used for chronic deficient gastric secretions, functional
achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria
WHOLE PLANT.  Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2] 10-20 drops before meals.

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CENTELLA ASIATICA (Gotu Kola, Brahmi)
Subclinical hypothyroid conditions from emotional depression, drugs, or excess
thyroid-depressing foods...not known if effect is on limbic-hypothalamus controls
or on thyroglobulin catabolism.
HERB. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2], 15-30 drops to 3X a day. Dry Herb Tincture [1:5,
50% alcohol] 20-40 drops, to 3X a day, usually for a month or more.
CONTRA: Hyperthyroid conditions or any condition that approaches myxedema or is
frankly a pathology.

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*CEPHALANTHUS  (Button Bush)
A bitter tonic and cholagogue, stimulating increased gastric secretions AND bile
synthesis; stimulates endocrine responses between the intestinal/hepatic/CNS axis.
BARK/TWIGS. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-30 drops,
to 3X a day.  Best for short term use.
CONTRA: Organic disease, lack of gall bladder

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*CHAMAELIRIUM (Helonias)
Circulatory and membrane stimulant to uterus for amenorrhea, uterine and cervical
congestions, and venous and lymphatic stasis or uterus or prostate.
RHIZOME and ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-40 drops to 3x a day.  Best in
lower doses in a formula context.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, metrorrhagia, corticosteroid therapies.

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*CHELIDONIUM (Greater Celandine)
Biliary colic with referred pain from right hypochondrium to right shoulder, pale,
semi-formed stools and any GI symptoms concurrent; recuperative stages viral
hepatitis.
WHOLE PLANT.  Fresh Plant Tincture, [1:2] 10-25 drops to 3X a day, for short term
use; safe for extended use as a low dose formula constituent.
CONTRA: Possible biliary obstruction, pregnancy.

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CHELONE  (Balmony, Turtlehead)
Colic in cecum with uneasy, distressing pain; ileocecal cramps; as a tonic for
dyspepsia with sluggish liver and portal circulation; a recuperative tonic to
reestablish GI secretions and reflexes after extended fasting, post-op fasting, or
the pain associated from gastroenteritis recovery
HERB. Tincture [fresh plant, 1:2], 10-20 drops to 3X a day. (best) Dry Plant
Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol], 30-60 drops, to 4X a day. (inferior)
CONTRA:  Organic disease, active inflammatory states, impaired liver function.

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CHIMAPHILA (Pipsissewa)
Dysuria with little urine but mucus, strong odor; chronic vesicle irritation or
accompanying BPH; suppressed exanthema, especially viral.
HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol), 20-50 drops, to 4X
a day.
CONTRA: Nephritis or anti-coagulant therapies.

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CHIONANTHUS (Fringetree Bark)
Dull liver pain, especially on palpitation, or shooting pain from liver to navel
with GI distress, frothy stools.
BARK. Cold Infusion, 2-4 ounces.  Tincture [Fresh Bark, 1:2, Dry Bark, 1:5, 65%
alcohol] 30-60 drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Overt liver disease, bile blockage.

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*CIMICIFUGA (Black Cohosh)
Dull aches, rheumatoid-like, in uterus, joints, muscle insertions; orbital
headache; crampy, late menses with vague pains in extremities.
RHIZOME/ROOT. Tincture  [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 80% alcohol], 10-25 drops
to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, bradykinin excesses; too large a dose can induce a frontal
headache and it is a CNS depressant for some.

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CINNAMOMUM (Cinnamon)
Passive bleeding from any mucus membranes; stomach and lower GI cramps.
BARK.. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol, 5% glycerin] 20-50 drops, both to 4X a day.  

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CISTUS  (Helianthemum,  Rock Rose)
Internally as an anti-secretory for bronchorrhea; topically for slowly healing
abrasions, ulcers and chemical burns.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] diluted for topical use with two to
four parts of water; 20-30 drops every 3 hours.
CONTRA:  Excessive use can cause nausea.

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*CLEMATIS (Virgin's Bower)
Frontal and migraine headaches with sweaty neck and forehead, not responding or no
longer affected by vasoconstrictor medicines; a vasodilator to disperse local
inflammation.
RECENT HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-40 drops, to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Vasculitis, pregnancy; should not be used concurrent with other
medications.

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*CNICUS (Blessed Thistle)
Subacute, chronic dyspepsia, anorexia and flatulent colitis, with loose, flatulent
stools but no overt pathology. 
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh Herb, 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-40 drops
in hot water, both to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Any drug therapy catabolized in the liver; pregnancy; liver disease.

           --------------------------------------------------

COLA (Kola Nuts) 
Muscular asthenia with hypotension, mild bradycardia and depression; dural
headaches.
SEED.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60  drops as needed.
CONTRA: Any time that a sympathomimetic or caffeine is inadvisable.

           --------------------------------------------------

COLLINSONIA (Stone root)
Pelvic venous and lymphatic congestion, with venous distention resulting in
hemorrhoids, cervical venosities, prostate or testicular varicosities.
ROOT and HERB.  Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2] 20-40 drops to 3X a day. Tincture 
[Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 45-60 drops to 4X a day (inferior).
CONTRA: Angiotensin-type hypertension, urate kidney stones.

           --------------------------------------------------

*COMMIPHORA (Myrrh)
Topically for any mucoepithelial ulceration; gargled (dilute 3:1) for subacute
pharyngitis; stimulates phagocytosis and early WBC response to infection;
post-chemotherapy leukopenia (with  Echinacea).
RESIN. Tincture [ 1:5, 95% alcohol] 5-20 drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Liver disease, auto-immunity or collagen disease, pregnancy, lymphomas.

           --------------------------------------------------

*CONVALLARIA (Lily of the Valley)
Mild or subclinical cardiopathies, with congestion, mild edema, poor pulmonary
circulation.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root,1:2, recent Dry Root,1:5,65% alcohol] 5-20 drops.  USE
WITH CARE.
CONTRA: Cardiac medications, or where stronger therapies are needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

COPTIS (Golden thread)
Stomatitis, mouth ulcers, cold sores, periodontal disease; apply topically or use
5 drops before each meal for stomatitis, full doses for chronic intestinal mucosal
congestion, between acute episodes, together with daily use of dietary or
supplemental soluble fiber to nourish colon membranes.
ROOT/HERB. Tincture [Fresh plant, 1:2, Dry root, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60
drops, to 3X a day. Topically diluted as needed.
CONTRA: It tastes dreadful.

           --------------------------------------------------

*CORYDALIS AUREUS  (Golden Smoke)
Neuralgia with nervous muscular twitching, especially when tired or overworked;
leukorrhea, viscous but without smell, with pelvic atony and hemorrhoids;
Sydenham's chorea, as an optional therapy.
HERB. Tincture [1:5,50% alcohol] 10-40 drops; small, frequent doses are best.
CONTRA: Any organic disease or concurrent with neurologic meds.

           --------------------------------------------------

*CORYNANTHE (Yohimbe)
Impaired function of seminal vesicles and poor motility of sperm; chronic
adrenergic suppression or pelvic blood supply, all without organic cause.
BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol] 5-30 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Any vascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes, or a generally depressed
vital force. Only marginally safe for extended use (over two weeks) and rather
quickly tolerated, with diminished desired effects, but with full presence of side
effects.  The potential detriments of long term use of this herb almost puts
amphetamine usage to shame...all for the POSSIBILITY of a few irritative erections
early in its use.

           --------------------------------------------------

CRATAEGUS (Hawthorne)
Hypertension, sympathetic-related tachycardia, episodic hypertension, early
arteriosclerosis, myocardial weakness.
BERRIES, FLOWERING BRANCHES. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Berries, 1:5, 60%
alcohol] 10-30 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Bradycardia, or if Crataegus causes same; beta-blockers (it is
vaso-cholinergic).

           --------------------------------------------------

*CUBEBA (Cubeb Berries)
Subacute or chronic mucus discharge from bladder or urethra; poorly healing
cystitis or urethritis.
UNRIPE FRUIT. Tincture [1:5, 80% alcohol] 10-30 drops to 4X a day, for up to a
week.
CONTRA: Active inflammation, nephritis or a history of same, pregnancy. It scents
the urine.

           --------------------------------------------------

CUPRESSUS (Cypress)
The same as THUJA
GREEN FOLIAGE. Tincture [Fresh Herb, 1:2] straight, or diluted

           --------------------------------------------------

CYPRIPEDIUM (Lady Slipper)
Sedative and antispasmodic, useful in dysmenorrhea in the usually normal woman;
depression or hysteria with yawning, ghost pains in the gut, pelvis.
ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-90 drops, to 3X a day.  PLANT IS RARE IN
MOST AREAS (and things are not getting any better).  Use other medicines whenever
possible, such as Epipactis or Valeriana
CONTRA: Synergist with depressants, sedatives, alcohol, the usual. 

           --------------------------------------------------

DICENTRA FORMOSA  (Bleeding Heart)
Physical distress, with lowered threshold of pain and lessened sensory "baffling";
facial and trigeminal nerve irritability; a potential analgesic worthy of trying
in almost ANY functional pain that is sharp, acute, and difficult to bear;
toothache; applied topically for face or neck pain.
ROOT.   Fresh Root Tincture [1:2], 10-20 drops or applied topically. Dry Root 
Tincture, [1:5, 50% alcohol] 15-30 drops. 
HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol, 25-50 drops, all to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Any organic disease or concurrent with neurologic meds.

           --------------------------------------------------

DIOSCOREA (Wild Yam)
Colic and tenesmus in tubular smooth muscles; dysmenorrhea, gastralgia, colitis,
cholecystalgia, etc.; some ovarian and fallopian pain; probable PGE inhibition.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh ROOT, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-100 drops, to 4X a
day. 
FALLACY: Former source of precursor for steroid hormone biosynthesis,  Dioscorea
has, itself,  no steroid hormone activity.

           --------------------------------------------------

DRACONTIUM (Skunk Cabbage)
Irritable spasmodic cough with nausea, gagging and nervous excitation.
RHIZOME AND ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 20-60
drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: If it increases nausea or clearly causes vomiting; reactions to its taste
are variable.

           --------------------------------------------------

DROSERA (Sundew)
Dry respiratory membranes with spasmodic, irritative cough, sense of heat in the
throat, no mucus secretion, all at the beginning of a viral infection or from
smoke or particulate exposure.
HERB.  Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2], 5-15 drops to 5X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA
Exogenous and endogenous infections, to stimulate and complement immunologic
responses, as well as phagocytosis; hyaluronidase inhibitor, useful in cartilage
softness and to block strep and staph inroads; to help limit exudates,
inflammations,proteolytic stings and bites, contusions.
ROOT and FLOWERS.  Tincture [Fresh Plant 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 70% alcohol], 30-100
drops as needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

ELEUTHEROCOCCUS SENTICOSUS (Siberian Ginseng)
Limbic stress, showing as adrenergic sympathetic and adrenocortical excess;
depression, anorexia, neurasthenia without organic cause.
ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-60 drops. Cold Infusion, 2-4 ounces, both to
3X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*EPHEDRA VULGARIS, E. SINICA (Ma Huang)
Asthma (allergic), hay fever and other eosinophilia, IgE-mediated allergies; less
hypertensive than an equivalent dose of ephedrine sulphate.
HERB. Tincture, [1:5, 50% alcohol] to 1 teaspoon to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Hypertension, thrombosis, MAO inhibition therapies, wherever an adrenergic
is inappropriate.

           --------------------------------------------------

EPIPACTIS (Stream Helleborine, Stream Orchid)
A common riverside orchid, used as a moral alternative to Cypripedium (Lady
Slipper), and having the same uses and profile. Doses may need to be larger, up to
twice.
WHOLE PLANT.  Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops.

           --------------------------------------------------

EQUISETUM (Horsetail)
Hemostatic and collagen astringent for connective tissue weakness  accompanying
nephritis, septum disorders in lungs, mesenchymal liver disease, etc; mucosa
astringent in UTI; seems useful as an adjunct in osteoporosis.
WHOLE HERB.  Tincture [Fresh Herb, 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30 - 90 drops
to 4x a day.
CONTRA: If gathered in agribusiness-drained waters, may synthesize nitrosamines
and a nicotine-like alkaloid from nitrates.

           --------------------------------------------------

ERIODICTYON (Yerba Santa)
Bronchitis, bronchorrhea, asthma, or simple coughing, especially accompanied by
anorexia, whenever there is abundant humid expectoration.
LEAVES (from current year's growth). Tincture [Fresh Herb,1:2, Dry Herb,1:5, 75%
alcohol] 20-30 drops, to 5X a day. 

           --------------------------------------------------

ERYNGIUM YUCCAFOLIUM (Eryngo, Rattlesnake Master, Button Snakeroot)
Acute cystitis/urethritis with aching in loins, frequent burning and scanty
urination; dysuria with incontinence from movement, during menses, after coitus or
in menopause; incontinence, menstrual, menopausal, aggravated by movement; or from
recent sexual activity in sedentary, previous abstentious males; lithiasis with
hematuria, especially from lower tract; or with hyperuricemia; polyuria, from
urethritis or prostatitis.
WHOLE PLANT.  Fresh Plant Tincture, 1:2, 15-30 drops in warm water.
ROOT.  Dry Root Tincture, [1:5, 60% alcohol], 20-40 drops, in cup of water.  All
forms to 4X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

ESCHSCHOLTZIA CALIFORNICA  (California Poppy)
A feeble but effective opiate, for referred pain from any functional disorder that
fails to respond to salicylates or CNS/peripheral analgesics; insomnia from pain,
in adult or older child
FLOWERING PLANT.  Fresh Plant Tincture, [1:2] 15-25 drops, to 3X a day. Dry herb,
Standard Infusion, 2-4 ounces.

           --------------------------------------------------

*EUONYMUS (Wahoo)
Deficient bile secretions, with yellow coated tongue, poor appetite, dry clay or
yellow stools, or soft light stools with steatorrhea.
BARK. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-30 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, liver disease.

           --------------------------------------------------

EUPATORIUM PERFOLIATUM  (Boneset)
Moist head cold, with fever, aches; acute hot dry bronchitis with muscular
weakness; influenza with malaise and aches; acute bronchial pneumonia with
dyspnea; used as needed to stimulate innate immunity.
FLOWERING HERB. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2], 20-40 drops in hot water.

           --------------------------------------------------

EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM (Gravel Root) 
Acute and subacute dysuria, cystitis. urethritis, vesical and prostrate 
irritability with or without sediment; works on mucosa, not infectious 
agent.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops in cup of
warm water.

           --------------------------------------------------

EUPHRASIA (Eyebright)
Acute hat fever and head cold with copious watery and acrid eye and nasal
secretions; sinusitis,conjunctivitis.
HERB.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-90 drops, to 4X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

FILIPENDULA  (Spiraea, Meadowsweet)
A salicylate analgesic, best used with "sick" headaches accompanied by dyspepsia
or gastritis.  (the Brits LOVE this herb, but I have failed to find it superior to
simple Populus Bark)
FLOWERING HERB.  Fresh Tincture [1:2], 60-90 drops, Dry Tincture [1:5, 50%
alcohol], 90-120 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Wherever a salicylate is contraindicated.

           --------------------------------------------------

FOENICULUM- (Fennel Seed)
Colic and gastric pain, rhythmic and distressing, especially in infants and small
children. 
SEED.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-60 drops in warm water as needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

*FOUQUIERIA (Ocotillo)
Pelvic lymphatic congestion, with boggy uterus, cervix, prostate, etc., with
chronic abdominal distention, vague pain on palpitation, no organic causes... sort
of a localized pelvic/mesenteric immunosuppression. 
FRESH BARK.  Tincture, [1:2] 10-30 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Organic disorders, thrombosis, cholinergic dominance, pregnancy, overt
lymph-immune pathologies.

           --------------------------------------------------

FUCUS (Bladderwrack)
Functional hypothyroid secondary to depressions; obesity; adjunct to diet and
exercise in obesity in anabolic dominant individuals, with hyperlipidemia,
sub-clinical azotemia or hyperuricemia, over-acidic urine, and high protein,
phospholipid diet.
WHOLE PLANT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 20 - 60 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Hyperthyroidal states, disorders in sodium metabolism.

           --------------------------------------------------

*GARRYA (Silk Tassel, Caoutchouc, Quinine Bush)
Anticholinergic antispasmodic for diarrhea, dysentery, menstrual cramps and
cholecystalgia; has distinct advantages over atropine group as it causes little
secretory suppression and little CNS effect in moderate doses. 
LEAF.  Tincture [Fresh leaf, 1:2, Dry Leaf, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 45-60 drops to 5X a
day. 
ROOT BARK [Tincture, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-20 drops to 5X a day. 
Use moderately, and NOT with other anti-cholinergics.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, young children; a vagus stimulant decrease if a given dose
causes the typical cold sweat/nausea symptoms.

           --------------------------------------------------

*GELSEMIUM (Yellow Jasmine)
As a cardiac sedative for extrasystoles and functional heart disorders; as a
spinal cord sedative to modify excess febrile response when presented with bright
pink eyes, physical and sensory irritability, CNS and motor excitability.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:10, 65% alcohol] 2-10 drops to 5x a
day   DANGEROUS IN LARGER DOSES
CONTRA: Hypotension, bradycardia, organic disease, pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

GENTIANA (Gentian)
Stimulant to parotid and gastric secretions when deficient or
sympathetic-suppressed...a bitter tonic.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root,1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-20 drops before each
meal.  (FRESH HERB tincture has same effect, but at twice the dose)
CONTRA: Acute GI inflammation.

           --------------------------------------------------

GERANIUM (Cranesbill)
Wherever an astringent is needed...gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, diarrhea,
menorrhagia, bleeding gums.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol, 10% glycerin] in 1/2 to 1 teaspoon doses as
needed or topically, diluted 1:4.

           --------------------------------------------------

GINKGO (Ginkgo)
Arteriosclerosis symptoms with impaired cerebral blood supply, moderate cerebral
hypoxia, and deficient elasticity in major arteries; short-term memory lapses and
transitory senility without more complex causes than vascular.  ALL forms of
tinnitis benefit (to varying degrees) by its use.
LEAVES.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-60 drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Vasculitis, serious prescriptions; those without vascular rigidity, using
Ginkgo to aid memory for studying and other, perhaps frivolous uses, will often
end up with headaches from its vasodilation.

           --------------------------------------------------

GLECHOMA (Ground Ivy, Nepeta hederacea) 
A simple expectorant, most useful in lingering, boggy sub-bronchitis.
LEAVES. Fresh Plant Tincture (1:2), 5-15 drops as needed. 

           --------------------------------------------------

*GLYCYRRHIZA (Licorice Root)
Peptic ulcer, either duodenal or gastric between acute episodes; bronchorrhea or
chronic bronchitis; sub-clinical adrenocortical deficiency; constipation from
secretory suppression, oily skin, adrenal excess, marbly feces.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Hypernatremia, EHT, pregnancy, steroid use.

           --------------------------------------------------

*GOSSYPIUM (Cotton Root Bark)
As a reliable oxytocin synergist to increase the tone and contractibility of the
uterus, seminal vesicles, prostate and myoendothilial tissues of the breast, for
birthing, postpartum contractions, let-down reflex in nursing, delayed boggy
menses, excitability of the uterus, prostate and breasts during erotic activity.
ROOT BARK. Fresh Bark Tincture, [1:2], 30-90 drops, to 4X a day. Recent Dry Bark
Tincture, [1:5, 50% alcohol] 1-2 teaspoons, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy. Needs endogenous oxytocin to work.

           --------------------------------------------------

GRINDELIA 
Bronchial asthma with tachycardia; any bronchial disorder with thick, viscous
mucus and difficulty in expectoration.
FLOWERING TOPS. Tincture (Fresh Herb, [1:2], Dry Herb, [1:5, 70% alcohol]), 15-40
drops to 5X a day.
CONTRA: Kidney disease.

           --------------------------------------------------

*GUAIACUM (Guaiac Wood, Guayacan)
Initial day or two of tonsillitis or pharyngitis that  starts  in the throat, not
a continuation of a head cold; subacute sore throat where antibiotic therapy stops
infection but does little for the raw mucosa; early MS, manifesting as numbness
and weakness in the limbs, not optic or bladder symptoms; used 2x a day during
remission it tends to decrease the need for ACTH and cortical-steroid therapies.
BARK AND WOOD.  Tincture (Fresh Plant [1:2] Dry Wood [1:5, 95% alcohol]) 5-20
drops to 4x a day in water, as a gargle, one part tincture in four parts hot
water.
CONTRA: Acute GI inflammation, nephritis, pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

HAMAMELIS (Witch Hazel)
EXTERNAL: Full strength or diluted with equal parts water for irritated and
inflamed skin and gums; sprains, contusions, sunburn and chemical irritations as a
wash or fomentation; applied (diluted 1:3 with water) with cotton to vaginal
sores, anal fissures or extruding hemorrhoids; applied full strength with damp
cloth to locally painful varicose veins, concurrent with internal use.
INTERNAL: For varicose veins and pelvic congestions, as a venous tonic.
TWIGS AND LEAVES.  Tincture [Fresh Herb, 1:2] 10-60 drops as needed, and diluted
for topical use.  

           --------------------------------------------------

HARPAGOPHYTUM (Devil's Claw)
Arthritis, rheumatism..any joint inflammation with prostaglandin or adrenocortical
deficiency. (see SCROPHULARIA for a less-endangered substitute)
TUBERS. Strong Tincture [1:2, 60% alcohol], 40-60 drops to 2x a day, two weeks on,
two weeks off, taking 7 - 10 days to show initial effects.
CONTRA: Seems to combine well with existing anti-inflammatories, allowing a lower
effective dose..but with so many new such drugs, it is hard to be exact.

           --------------------------------------------------

*HEDEOMA (American Pennyroyal)
Tardy, suppressed, or spotty menses, with poor secretions, clotting, and
concurrent dry skin and constipation.
HERB.  Tincture [Fresh Plant,1:2,Dry Plant (recent) 1:5,50% alcohol] 20-60 drops
drops in hot water.  
CONTRA: Pregnancy, uterine pathology.

           --------------------------------------------------

HELIANTHEMUM  (Cistus,  Rock Rose, Frostwort)
Internally as an anti-secretory for bronchorrhea; topically for slowly healing
abrasions, ulcers and chemical burns; diluted as a gargle for chronic and edemic
sore throat.  Very similar to CISTUS, but a bit more resinous and disinfectant.
FLOWERING TOPS.  Tincture [Fresh Plant 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 60% alcohol], 30-90
drops.  Cold Infusion as gargle, douche, topical poultice.
CONTRA:  Excessive use can cause nausea.

           --------------------------------------------------

HERACLEUM (Cow Parsnip)
Root tincture topically as a counterirritant for nerve trauma, paresthesia,
trigeminal neuralgia, Bell's palsy;  Seed tincture for temporary relief of tooth
or gum pain...a very effective analgesic.
ROOT. Fresh Tincture [1:2]  SEED. Fresh Tincture [1:2]

           --------------------------------------------------

HETEROTHECA (Camphor Weed, Mexican Arnica)
Externally as an antifungal and anti microbial, either full strength or diluted;
apply full strength to inflamed joints, contusions, hyperextensions, and sprains.
FLOWERING HERB.  Tincture [Fresh Herb 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 60% alcohol).

           --------------------------------------------------

HUMULUS (Hops)
Insomnia and hyperkinetic conditions when gastric and colon spasms or simple
nervous stomach causes main agitation.
STROBILE.  Tincture [Fresh strobiles, 1:2, Dry strobiles 1:5, 65% alcohol] 30-90
drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Emotional/physical depression.

           --------------------------------------------------

HYDRANGEA
Pyelitis, urethritis, prostatitis; to reduce ureter colic pain and mucosa
inflammation...supportive, not primary treatment.
ROOT. Tincture, [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 1/2 to 1 teaspoon in
water, up to 4X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*HYDRASTIS (Golden Seal)
Excreted by mucosa. it stimulates secretions, blood, and mitosis, therefore it is
best used in subacute and chronic catarrhal, poorly healing conditions in GI, UT,
and respiratory mucosa.
ROOT/LEAF. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2], 15-30 drops. Dry Root Tincture, [1:5, 70%
alcohol] 20-50 drops.  Dry Herb Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-75 drops all the
above to 4X a day. 
CONTRA: Pregnancy (can overstimulate placental membranes), liver or kidney
pathology, acute infections or inflammations of mucosa or mucoepithelial.

           --------------------------------------------------

HYPERICUM (St. John's Wort)
Agitation and depression, with vague and transitory physical distress,
particularly in patients with history and experience in dealing with same. 
FLOWERING TOPS. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2] 20-30 drops to 3X a day. The dry plant
is nearly inactive.
CONTRA: Can cause photosensitization in those with light skin, dark or black hair.

           --------------------------------------------------

HYSSOPUS (Hyssop)
Simple respiratory viral infections,with fever, dry skin, and hot, hypersecretory
mucosa, rapid pulse, red eyes, and irritability; topically for bruising and nerve
pain.
FLOWERING HERB.  Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 25 - 50 drops until
diaphoresis occurs.

           --------------------------------------------------

INULA (Elecampane)
Simple demulcent for irritable coughing from pharyngeal, tracheal or bronchial
inflammations.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol], 10-30 drops to 4X a
day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*IRIS VERSICOLOR (Blue Flag)
Decreased bile, pancreatic and enteric secretions from functional cause, with
light, marbly feces, and a monochromatic, over-processed diet; skin eruptions with
similar GI symptoms used for several days to facilitate dietary changes.
RHIZOME.  Tincture [1:5, 80% alcohol], 5-20 drops to 3X a day. 
USE WITH  CARE.
CONTRA:  Acute liver, pancreatic or GI disease, pregnancy, cholecystitis.

           --------------------------------------------------

JUGLANS (Black Walnut Leaves)
Ileocecal irritability, with dull pain in lower right quadrant of abdomen after
meals, mild steatorrhea alternating with constipation, poor fat digestion and acne
on the buttocks.
BARK.  Dry Bark Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol]
FRESH LEAVES.  Fresh Tincture [1:2]...both 30-90 drops to 3x a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*JUNIPERUS (Juniper Berries)
Subacute and chronic cystitis and urethritis. Condition was acute, didn't quite
clear up, the bug is gone, mucosa won't quite heal.
BERRIES. Tincture [1:5, 75% alcohol], 20-40 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Renal disease, gastric inflammation, pregnancy, acute UTI.

           --------------------------------------------------

*KALMIA  (Mountain Laurel)
Post-operative and ghost pain; acute neuritis, neuralgia; sharp "barometric" pain
in longstanding injuries
LEAVES. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2], 3-10 drops. Dry Plant Tincture [1:5, 50%
alcohol] 5-20 drops, both to 4X a day. USE WITH CARE.
CONTRA:  An overt neurotoxin in large quantities, it can offer enough relief that
it probably should not be entrusted to patients having difficulty in moderating
their real or implied drug use.

           --------------------------------------------------

KRAMERIA (Rhatany)
Bleeding, soft gums and mouth sores as topical astringent; acute pharyngitis in
four parts water as gargle (5x a day); chronic dyspepsia with hypersecretory mouth
and soft semi-formed stools.
WHOLE PLANT.  Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol, 10%
glycerin], 20-50 drops to 4x a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

LARREA (Chaparral)
Arthritis, allergies and hypersensitive, auto-immune type conditions, where
stress, diet aggravate notably.
LEAFING BRANCHES. Tincture [1:5, 75% alcohol], 20-60 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Is an anti-oxidant (contains NDGA); can cause short-term hemolysis-like
symptoms from its effects on liver, spleen functions and is not reasonable for
overt pathologies.

           --------------------------------------------------

LEONURUS (Motherwort)
Hypertension and tachycardia from a strictly neurologic, elevated thyroid function
from stress (not pathology), or sympathetic/catecholamine-induced cause; neuralgia
associated with herpes and herpes zoster eruptions; crampy, irritable secondary
amenorrhea.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant 1:2, Recent Dry Plant, 1:5, 60% alc.] 30-60
drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Overt pathology, hypothyroidal states.

           --------------------------------------------------

*LEPTANDRA (Culver's Root)
Portal hypertension, viral hepatitis, or sub-clinical hepatic dysfunction from
alcohol, solvents, all with dull ache in right hypochondrium, light feces,
white-coated tongue, dull, depressive headaches.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol], 10-30 drops,to 3X a day. An herb better used in
formulas than by itself.  
CONTRA:  More serious liver disease, blood dyscrasia, GI inflammation,
pregnancy...pathologies with a clear appropriate therapy.

           --------------------------------------------------

LIGUSTICUM (Osha, Porter's Lovage)
Acute bronchial infection, with dry mucosa, fever but little or no diaphoresis;
dry, irritative cough from same.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol], 20-60 drops up  to
5X a day.
CONTRA: Possibly in pregnancy, although probably alright in small doses.

           --------------------------------------------------

*LINARIA (Toadflax)
Liver conditions from short-term stress...sort of a catabolic "backlog", sometimes
with mild elevations of SGPT, etc., as in hangovers.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol], 20-40 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, hepatitis.

           --------------------------------------------------

LOBELIA INFLATA
Spasmodic asthma, especially adrenergic triggered; parasympathetic suppression
from extended sympathetic/adrenergic dominance.
FLOWERING PLANT. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:4] 5-20 drops up to 4X a day.  Dry Plant
Tincture (inferior) is best as an Acetum Tincture [Dry Herb 1:5 in vinegar] 10-20
drops, or used for local application.
CONTRA: Any disorders characterized by cholinergic excess...bradycardia, etc.

           --------------------------------------------------

LOMATIUM DISSECTUM (Leptotaenia, "Biscuit Root")
Reliable antiviral agent for respiratory infections (mainly), with additional
effects of peripheral vasodilation, increased diaphoresis, improved pulmonary
circulation and bronchial secretions.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol], 10-30 drops up to 4X
a day.
CONTRA: May cause hives in a few individuals; this can usually be turned around
quickly by copious quantities of Taraxacum (root tea or tincture). May be
problematic in pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

LYCIUM PALLIDUM (Wolf Berry)
A feeble, useful and safe anticholinergic for hay fever, colds and diarrhea 
HERB. Fresh Plant Tincture, [1:2], 15-40 drops to 4X a day. Best for short-term
use.

           --------------------------------------------------

LYCOPUS (Bugleweed)
Tachycardia, over-rapid GI transit time, arrhythmias and insomnia with mild
hyperthyroid implications.
HERB. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2] 15-40 drops, 4x a day.
CONTRA: Hypothyroid states, cardiopathies, overt thyrotoxicosis.

           --------------------------------------------------

LYSICHITON AMERICANUM  (Western Skunk Cabbage)
Irritable spasmodic cough with nausea, gagging and nervous excitation; as a simple
sedative in early, hectic bronchitis.
RHIZOME AND ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 20-60
drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: If it increases nausea or clearly causes vomiting; reactions to its taste
are variable.

           --------------------------------------------------

MAHONIA (Oregon Grape)
Same as Berberis with addition of low BMR with poor protein digestion, low protein
utilization.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-60 drops. 
CONTRA: Same with addition of elevated BMR, hyperthyroid symptoms.

           --------------------------------------------------

MARRUBIUM (Horehound)
Dry, irritative coughing, with some signs of pre-asthmatic bronchial constriction
and gagging with cough.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 30-90
drops, both to 4X a day.
CONTRA: EHT, renal pressor excess.

           --------------------------------------------------

MENISPERMUM  (Yellow Parilla, Moonseed)
A simple bitter, possessing cholagogue laxative effects at the higher doses.  It
is preferable for the sluggish GI deficient, rather than the tight deficiency
induced by adrenalin stress.
ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 70% alcohol], 10-40 drops, or 5-10 drops as a bitter tonic,
taken just before meals.
CONTRA: Excessive use can act as a CNS and spinal chord motor irritant.

           --------------------------------------------------

*MENTHA PULEGIUM  (European Pennyroyal)
Tardy, suppressed, or spotty menses, with poor secretions, clotting, and
concurrent dry skin and constipation.  Simple gastritis with foul, sulfurous burps
BASAL LEAVES and FLOWERING STALKS.  Tincture [Fresh Plant,1:2,Dry Plant (recent)
1:5,50% alcohol] 20-60 drops drops in hot water.  
CONTRA: Pregnancy, uterine pathology.

           --------------------------------------------------

MENYANTHES (Buckbean, Bogbean, Marsh Trefoil)
A bitter tonic, particularly useful after gastroenteritis or fevers; adjunct
anti-arthritic when there are symptoms of poor internal protein metabolism, with
dry eczematous skin, mild achlorhydria, and muco-epithelial fissures.
WHOLE PLANT.  Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 10-30
drops, to 3X a day..
CONTRA: May cause nausea in excess doses.

           --------------------------------------------------

MIRABILIS MULTIFLORA (Maravilla, Wild Four O'Clock)
A topical anesthetic to distention sensors in stomach, inducing a mild decrease in
hunger and a sense of fullness with diminished contents, taken 30 minutes before
meals in aiding weight reduction.
ROOT. Fresh Root Tincture [1:2], 30-60 drops.

           --------------------------------------------------

MITCHELLA (Squaw Vine)
Fleeting cramps and pseudo-contractions with poor uterine tone in last trimester
of pregnancy; mittelschmerz with occasional spotting; benign prostatic
hypertrophy.
HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol],1/2 to 1 teaspoon
to 3X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

MYRICA Bayberry 
Boggy, indolent ulcers, congestion with venous, not arterial blood, anywhere in
the mucosa of respiratory or GI systems; contracts and tightens mesenchymal
membranes, increases blood supply through parenchymal tissues. 
BARK and ROOTBARK. Tincture [Fresh Bark, 1:2, Dry Bark, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 20-60
drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Anti-cholinergic therapies, any active inflammations.

           --------------------------------------------------

NEPETA Catnip
Flatulent colic, mild gastralgia with moderate inflammation, self limiting
disorder...especially useful in children.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh Herb 1:2, Recent Dry Herb 1:5, 50% alc.], 1/4 to 1
teaspoon to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy (possibly).

           --------------------------------------------------

*NUPHAR  (Yellow Pond Lily)
A "tonic" sedative to reproductive and genito-urinary excitability, with short
cycles, heat in the ovaries or testes, all accompanied by sharp, not dull pain. 
Lacking any overt drug suppression, it can be used for extended lengths of time in
functional reproductive excess.
ROOT/RHIZOME. Fresh Root Tincture, [1:2], 10-20 drops.
CONTRA:  As mentioned, not for use with deficient functions.

           --------------------------------------------------

*OPLOPANAX (Devil's Club)
Adult-onset, insulin-resistant diabetes in the middle-aged mesomorph with
concurrent elevated lipids (adjunct to dietary changes); ginseng-like adaptogenic
and limbic system modifier, especially useful tonic for adrenergic-dominant stress
with dry skin/dry gut syndrome.
ROOT/ROOTBARK. Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Rootbark, 1:5, 60% alc.] 10-40 drops
to 4x a day.
CONTRA: probably in pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PAEONIA  (Peony)
Inflammatory pain of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, testes or seminal vesicles with
physical agitation and emotional excitability; the same conditions of the
bronchi...peripatetic pain and heat; insomnia and restlessness accompanying
rhythmic spasms.
ROOT. Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-25 drops up to  4X
a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PANAX (Ginseng)
Three types: 
UNCURED (White), either Asian or American cultivated, 
RED (cured) Chinese Kirin or Korean Red (the Shiu-chu cured from China has the
     same effects as uncured), and 
WILD (or WOODSGROWN) AMERICAN. (Siberian "Ginseng", see Eleutherococcus). 
 
All three types are useful in metabolic stress from limbic/hypothalamus/pituitary
hyperfunction, and induce an emotional, subjective sense of well-being. All three
increase anabolic functions, decreasing catabolic excess. RED roots are also
hyperglycemic and hypertensive, and often contraindicated.  UNCURED and WILD
AMERICAN are useful for functional hypocortical conditions with adrenergic
dominance, moderately reducing blood sugar, lipids and uric acid when elevated.

ASIATIC ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 70% alcohol]. 
     KIRIN (dark red Chinese cured root) 5-20 drops.  
     SHIU-CHU (light red Chinese cured) 10-30 drops. 
     KOREAN RED, 5-15 drops.
     WHITE (Chinese or Korean uncured) 20-40 drops, all to 3X a day. 

NORTH AMERICAN ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 70% alcohol].
     WILD ROOTS (morally objectionable), 5-10 drops.
     WOODSGROWN ROOTS. 10-20 drops.
     CULTIVATED ROOTS. 20-40 drops.
     CULTIVATED RED ROOTS (Michigan and Wisconsin cured roots), 15-30 drops.  Any
  other "American Red Ginseng" is a blatant fake. 

LEAVES. 30-60 drops, Cold Infusion, 2-4 ounces.  All above forms to 3X a day
CONTRA: Pregnancy, steroid therapy, hyperthyroid, hypercortical conditions, 
hypoglycemia, major pathologies/therapies.
FALLACY: Not an aphrodisiac (whatever that is) unless from overt
hypotestosteronism from non-organic cause, or extended stress.

           --------------------------------------------------

PASSIFLORA (Passionflower)
Antispasmodic and muscle relaxant for neurogenic pain, agitation, insomnia;
arterial sedative, especially in EHT in the strong, sthenic middle-aged patient.
WHOLE HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 1/2 to 1 1/2
teaspoon to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Bradycardia, hypotension, major sedatives.

           --------------------------------------------------

PAULLINIA (Guarana)
Anorectic for an initial week or two in weight reduction program; hangovers,
migraine and depressive headaches.
SEED. Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol], 1/4 to 1 teaspoon to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Same as caffeine, coffee.

           --------------------------------------------------

PEDICULARIS (Betony, Lousewort, Elephant Head, Parrot Beak, Indian Warrior) 
Joint and muscle pain, sprains with sharp muscle spasms...any condition that is
aggravated by a lowered pain threshold from musculoskeletal irritability.
HERB in FLOWER. Tincture [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 1-2
teaspoons, all to 3X a day.
NOTE: A semi-parasitic genus, don't use Pedicularis growing on Senecio or toxic
legumes.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PEGANUM HARMALA  (Syrian Rue)
Unipolar depressive states, with similarly depressed metabolism; topically for
seborrhea and tinea capitatis; sometimes effective for eczema and acute psoriasis
SEEDS and ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-30 drops, to 3X a day; diluted
with three parts water for topical use.
CONTRA: It is quirky and unpredictable internally, working well for some, having
little effect for others; if there is no perceptible benefit after several days,
move on to another remedy or modality...increasing dosage above 30 drops won't
help.  Do not combine with prescription meds...Peganum contains a number of
bioactive alkaloids, and unwanted synergies are always possible

           --------------------------------------------------

PETROSELINUM (Parsley Root)
Smooth muscle antispasmodic, for relief of pain in gastritis, colitis,
cholecystitis, dysmenorrhea, any myalgias.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol, 30-60 drops in warm water, to 4X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PHYTOLACCA (Poke Root)
Poor recuperation after acute conditions in mouth, throat, with viscous secretion,
congestion; lymph condition in breasts, uterus, testes; recuperation from
infections where edema and poorly resolved exudate accompanies extended,
post-inflamed lymphadenitis in cervical, axillary, pelvic nodes.
ROOT and BERRIES. Fresh Tincture, (Root or Berries), [1:2], 2-10 drops.  Dry Root
Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-15 drops, both to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, and wherever serious pathologies have not been ruled out or are
present; acute inflammations.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PICRAENA (Quassia)
Poor GI function in general, with adrenergic excess, dry mouth, poor appetite and
extended transit time.
DOSE: 5 - 10 drops  20 minutes before meals. To treat amebiasis and giardiasis, 30
- 60 drops to 3x a day will frequently prevent infections when traveling in areas
where the protozoa are present; also pinworms.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, can cause nausea in excess.

           --------------------------------------------------

PILOCARPUS (Jaborandi)
For topical use as a stimulant to skin and hair growth, acting as a capillary
dilator and moderate irritant to follicle and sebaceous functions; to stimulate
hair growth, apply with fingertips to scalp before retiring.
LEAVES.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol]
CONTRA: Not for internal use...contains the alkaloid pilocarpine.

           --------------------------------------------------

PIPER METHYSTICUM (Kava Kava)
Urethritis and cystitis with much pain on urination, and persistent, congested
urethral inflammation; peptic ulcer pain that occurs predictably, such as two
hours after breakfast, three hours after sleep.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root 1:2, Recent Dry Root 1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops to
4X a day (UTI), 15-25 drops with Anemopsis or Myrica for ulcer/ gastritis.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PISCIDIA (Jamaica Dogwood)
Neuralgia, neuritis, sciatica, any nerve-skeletal muscle pain causing insomnia, as
well as moderate referred pain or visceral pain.
TREE and ROOT BARK. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-90 drops to 3x a day. USE WITH
CARE.  Response is highly individual, so start with a low dose.
CONTRA: Bradycardia, hypotension, cholinergic or parasympathetic dominance.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PODOPHYLLUM (American Mandrake)
Chronic digestive problems, with poor fat digestion, poor catabolism of metabolic
wastes in liver and abdominal and venous and lymphatic congestion, full slightly
bloated mucosa and poor skin tone.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 95% alcohol] 10-20 drops. Use carefully, and never with overt
disease or in physical depression.  Topically for anal warts.
CONTRA: Any distinct pathology...its use is for subclinical.  NEVER in pregnancy;
it can cause miscarriage and birth defects. Not appropriate for the aged or
asthenic individual.

           --------------------------------------------------

*POLYGALA SENEGA (Senega Snakeroot)
Chronic bronchitis or bronchorrhea, with moist rales and copious secretions,
often bordering on nausea.
ROOT and HERB. Tincture [Fresh Plant 1:2, Dry Root 1:5, 65% alcohol], 10-45
  drops, to 4X a day although frequent low dose is preferable. 
CONTRA: Acute inflammation, pregnancy, aged individuals with low vital signs.

           --------------------------------------------------

POLYGONUM BISTORTA (Bistort Root)
Hemostatic and vasoconstrictor topically, as well as being bacteriostatic;
mouthwash and gargle for gum and pharynx inflammation, sore throat.

           --------------------------------------------------

POLYMNIA (American Bearsfoot, Leafcup)
Abdominal distention, pelvic congestion, sluggish digestion; enlarged spleen
and/or liver from mononucleosis or viral Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. 
EXTERNAL: Tincture rubbed in scalp twice daily to stimulate hair growth,
especially in alopecia, but to a lesser degree in early baldness.
STEM and ROOT. Tincture [Fresh plant 1:2, Dry Root 1:5, 75% alcohol] 10-50  
drops, to 5x a day; frequent smaller doses are preferable.

           --------------------------------------------------

POPULUS CANDICANS (Poplar Buds, Balm of Gilead)
Bronchitis and bronchorrhea as an expectorant, for thick, intractable mucus; has
both expectorant aromatics and analgesic salicylates. Topically as a
counterirritant analgesic for joint and muscle pain, similar to methyl salicylate
(Oil of Wintergreen) but without the potential for absorption toxicity of the
latter.
EARLY SPRING LEAF BUDS. Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 75% alcohol] 15-30 drops
to 4x a day. Topically, as is or diluted with equal part rubbing alcohol.
CONTRA: Sensitivity to salicylates, aspirin, etc.; anti-coagulant therapies,
IUD's, hemopathies, kidney disease.

           --------------------------------------------------

POPULUS TREMULIODES (Aspen)
The same as aspirin but frequently better tolerated, since absorption is more
dispersed and slower.
BARK. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30 - 60 drops to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Except for its lesser effect on gastric mucosa, the same as the
salicylates.

           --------------------------------------------------

PROPOLIS
Topically antiseptic, counterirritant and finally analgesic; used on any skin and
mouth abrasion it will irritate, induce inflammation and substantially shorten
healing time, particularly in oily, moist tissues, such as on hands, face, scalp
and feet. Internally it helps resolve intestinal infections such as shigella or
salmonella.
BEE SECRETION.  Tincture [1:5, 95% alcohol] 15-25 drops in a little honey for
internal use to 4x a day, mixed with water or oil for external use.
CONTRA: Sensitivities to salicylates or bees. The best Propolis is made by  bees
from the spring resins secreted by Willow, Aspen, Poplar or Birch.

           --------------------------------------------------

PRUNUS (Wild Cherry) 
Any hot, dry and percussive coughing in the early stages of any bronchial
disorders, especially with short, rapid breathing and rapid pulse.
SUMMER or FALL BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol, 10% glycerin] 30-90 drops, to 4X
a day.
CONTRA: Respiratory or cardiovascular depression, hypotension.

           --------------------------------------------------

PTELEA (Wafer Ash, Hop Tree)
Bitter tonic, secretory and celiac stimulant for digestive, metabolic. membrane
and especially respiratory weakness of a chronic, subpathologic nature.
BARK, SEEDS and LEAVES.  Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol] 10-30 drops before meals.

           --------------------------------------------------

*PTYCHOPETALUM (Liriosma, Muirapuama, Potency Wood)
A mild tonic to depressed basal metabolism, often exhibiting distinct (but
unpredictable) sexual stimulation in both sexes...something worth a try for
patients with low energy but no particular organic or emotional problems. 
Moderate doses for a few weeks seem to work best.
BARK, RESINOUS WOOD. Tincture [1:5, 70% alcohol] 30-60 drops 2x a day.
CONTRA: Elevated thyroid, pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

PYGEUM AFRICANUM  (Prunus africana)
For benign prostatic hyperplasia and simple chronic prostatitis, with nocturnal
frequency, difficult initial urination and frequent incomplete bladder evacuation;
combine with Serenoa Tincture for sexual dysfunction; with Eryngium Tincture or
Nettle leaf or root tea for obstinate pain on urination; with Fouquieria or
Collinsonia Tinctures when there are signs of general portal and pelvic
congestion, and the BPH is simply part of a syndrome.
BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol, 5% glycerin], 45-60 drops to 4X a day
NOTE:  The whole bark and its tincture are still hard to find in commerce; the
European pharmaceutical preparations are easy to find in American health food
stores...a far more expensive format...and GUARANTEED to "taint" it for
urologists.

           --------------------------------------------------

QUERCUS (White Oak Bark)
Topical and oral astringent, acute gastritis, and capillary fragility, 
accompanied by flavonoids, vitamin C.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol, 10% glycerin] 30-60 drops as needed (gastritis),
to 2x a day (vascular).

           --------------------------------------------------

RHAMNUS PURSHIANA (Cascara Sagrada)
Chronic constipation without organic cause, taken on retiring for morning
defecation. Best if used sporadically, combined with dietary and exercise changes,
as use daily can result in dependence.
AGED BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol], 1-2 teaspoons.  
CONTRA: Colitis and other acute, inflammatory conditions.

           --------------------------------------------------

RHAMNUS FRANGULA (Buckthorn)
Chronic functional; constipation with piles or hemorrhoids.
BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol], 1/2 to 1 teaspoon before retiring.
CONTRA: Whenever a cathartic is inappropriate.

           --------------------------------------------------

RHEUM (Rhubarb)
"Gastric irritation, with elongated, reddened tongue, nausea, vomiting; irritative
diarrhea with tenderness of abdomen with pressure." (Felter)  Will benignly color
the feces and urine orange.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol, 10% glycerin] 15-30 drops, to 4X a day.  
CONTRA: In larger amounts a laxative like Rhamnus, its astringency can induce a
rebound constipation; it is best used in smaller amounts as recommended.

           --------------------------------------------------

RUMEX CRISPUS (Yellow Dock)
Chronic, sluggish skin disorders with poor fat digestion, ileocecal spasms and
constipation or steatorrhea; dry eczema, psoriasis with dry, poorly oiled skin.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol], 30-75 drops, to 3X
a day.
CONTRA: Excess doses will be cathartic, irritative

           --------------------------------------------------

RUSCUS ACULEATUS  (Butcher's Broom)
An alpha-adrenergic venoconstrictor, for moderate pelvic congestion, hypotonic
hemorrhoids and early symptoms of leg congestion (manifesting in times of
dietary or postural stress), usually combined with ascorbic acid and mixed
citrus flavonoids; best used if aiding lipid digestion and portal congestion
proves inadequate, and if Collinsonia and/or Hamamelis fails to improve enough.
ROOT/RHIZOME.  Fresh Tincture [1:2] 30-60 drops, 3X a day. Pharmaceutical preps
(European) are easier to get than the crude drug...and more reliable for simple,
undifferentiated chronic venous congestion, or when a more wholistic approach is
too time-consuming (read that: you're feeling lazy).
CONTRA: Use with ANY drugs altering catecholamine metabolism, or effecting
coagulation

           --------------------------------------------------

SALVIA APIANA (White Sage)
As a gargled liquid, diluted with three parts of water, for ANY pharyngitis (it is
both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory); gastritis with fermentative, sulfurous
burps; gastric hypersecretion (in cold water); a simple diaphoretic (in hot
water); as an antimicrobial douche, 1 teaspoon in 8 ounces of isotonic warm water
(without concern as to whether infection is candidiasis OR bacterial vaginosis)
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops, in   hot
water (diaphoretic) or cold water (tonic).

           --------------------------------------------------

SALVIA OFFICINALIS (Sage)
As a gargle for mouth, pharyngeal, and esophageal irritation/ inflammation,
accompanied by moderate gastralgia; to help decrease milk production when weaning.
FLOWERING HERB. Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops, in hot
water (diaphoretic) or cold water (tonic).
NOTE: Many Artemisias (Wormwoods) are called sages locally; they are nearly
opposite in all respects to Salvia

           --------------------------------------------------

*SANGUINARIA (Bloodroot)
Applied locally 2x a day to tineas (skin fungus). Little effect on tinea
versicolor, however.  An energetic expectorant for short-term use.
ROOT. Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-15 drops.  Dilute with 2X water for tinea
application.
CONTRA: Stains the skin brick red.

           --------------------------------------------------

SANTALUM (Sandalwood)
Subacute pyelitis and cystitis, with mucus in urine, especially in morning, and
aching, heavy discomfort when urinating; "honeymoon cystitis".
WOOD. Wood Tincture [1:5, 80% alcohol] 25-50 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA:  Acute inflammation in any part of the UT, GI, or lungs.

           --------------------------------------------------

*SCOPARIUS (Broom tops)
A diuretic for water retention from poor cardiac function, with mild tachycardia
from sympathetic, caffeine or tobacco origin, with periods in A.M. of poor
cerebral blood supply, but NO organic cause.
FLOWERING BRANCHES.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 20-40 drops to 4X a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, hypertension hyperthyroid, or if stronger Rx is needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

SCROPHULARIA  (Figwort)
Arthritis, rheumatism..any joint inflammation with prostaglandin or adrenocortical
deficiency. (a less-endangered substitute for HARPAGOPHYTUM)
ROOT and HERB.  Tincture [Fresh, 1:2, Dry, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops to 4X a
day.
CONTRA: Seems to combine well with existing anti-inflammatories, allowing a lower
effective dose..but with so many new such drugs, it is hard to be exact.

           --------------------------------------------------

SCUTELLARIA (Skullcap)
Any pain, myalgia, neuralgia from spinal or peripheral nerve irritability but
without organic causes; hyperfunctions of skin nerves and CNS end organs;
sciatica, neuritis shingles; lessens surface irritability to acupuncture, TNS,
massage and even spinal adjustments; nocturnal neuropathies,
choreas, and seizures where overt drug treatment might be an excess.
HERB. Tincture  [Fresh Plant, 1:2, Recent Dry Plant, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 20-60 drops
to 3x a day.
CONTRA: With other drug depressants or where a stronger approach is needed; can
anesthetize lips, fingers, toes.

           --------------------------------------------------

SELENICEREUS (Cereus grandiflorus, Night-Blooming Cereus)
Palpitations, arrhythmias and tachycardias, from excessive coffee, tobacco, and
recreational drug use, or simple adrenaline stress; conditions of neurologic or
sympathetic stress (without organic cause) that causes rapid, thready pulse,
fearfulness, and an unsettles, uncentered feeling.
FRESH STEMS. Fresh Tincture [1:2], 5-15 drops (Selenicereus spp.); 10-25 drops,
(Peniocereus greggii) both to 4x a day.
CONTRA: Organic cardiopathies, overt pathology, or prescription blockers or
diuretics.

           --------------------------------------------------

*SENECIO AUREUS  (Life Root, Squaw Weed)
Amenorrhea, accompanying chronic, debilitating disease; primary amenorrhea in a
tall, gangly adolescent woman.  Although less emphatic than hormone therapy, this
herb simply increases uterine/ovarian circulation and will often serve to trigger
estrogen buildup and ovulation...a more desirable native reflex far more likely to
initiate or support pituitary/hypothalamic/ovarian surges and rhythms than the
more simple-minded fascism of HRT.
HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alc.], 30-90 drops.
CONTRA:  Although THIS species of Senecio is virtually non-toxic, many of its
relatives can be overtly hepato-toxic: be sure of your source.

           --------------------------------------------------

*SERENOA (Saw Palmetto)
Benign prostate irritation, with dribbling, dull ache, and no rectal symptoms;
chronic, boggy urethritis, with dull ache, urgency, no culturable infectious
agent.
BERRIES.  Tincture [Fresh Berry, 1:2, Dry Berry, 1:5, 80% alcohol] 30-90 drops to
4x a day.
CONTRA: Nephritis, acute UTI, possibly pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

SILYBUM (Milk Thistle)
THE remedy for early stages of chronic liver problems; rehabilitation from chronic
alcoholism and/or solvent contact, protecting the hepatocytes from overt damage
from chemicals, fatty degeneration, acute and chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.
SEEDS.  Strong Tincture [1:3, 70% alcohol], 1/2 to 1 teaspoon, to 4X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*SMILAX (Sarsaparilla)
Moderate, subclinical cortical or gonad steroid deficiencies with poor immunologic
strength and membrane regeneration; benign prostatic hypertrophy, boggy,
semi-eroded cervix, both of long duration.
ROOT/RHIZOME.  Tincture [Fresh Root,1:2, Dry Root,1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops to
3X a day...for extended use.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, steroid therapy, gastric ulcer.

           --------------------------------------------------

*SOLANUM  DULCAMARA   (Bittersweet Twigs)
Endogenous eczema, from metabolic causes; obstinate eczema, not reactive to any
more traditional measures, or other therapies have a short "honeymoon"; chronic
psoriasis with distinct metabolic causes.
STEMS.  Tincture [Fresh Stems 1:2, Dry Stems, 1:5, 60% alcohol] 10-20 drops. This
is best used in formulas. USE WITH MODERATION.
CONTRA: Organic disease, medications with primarily systemic effects.

           --------------------------------------------------

*STILLINGIA 
Immuno-suppression, subtle and long-standing, with history of ulcerations, mucus
colitis; extended, poorly resolving infections and poor tissue reparation.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh root,1:2, Recent Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 10-30 drops,
preferably in small frequent doses.
CONTRA: Acute disease in any form, pregnancy, cholinergic or adrenergic blocking
agents; can cause depression from increased serum metabolites...decrease dose or
substitute massage for a week and resume.

           --------------------------------------------------

SUMBUL  (Ferula sumbul, Musk Root, Jatamansi)
Insomnia and morbid agitation from work stress or drug withdrawal; cold hands and
feed, raynaud's-like, caused by adrenergic or hyperglycemic discharges in the
brittle and essentially feeble individual; nervous palpitations or neurotic
aphonia in those of a delicate nature.
ROOT.  Tincture [1:5, 95% alcohol] 5-20 drops to 3X a day
CONTRA: Nor appropriate for the strong, sthenic individual.

           --------------------------------------------------

SWERTIA (Frasera, American Columbo, Green Gentian)
A reliable bitter tonic, simple and devoid of side effects, taken 15 minutes
before meals in a little water.
ROOT.  Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 5-20 drops, taken
just before meals.

           --------------------------------------------------

TARAXACUM (Dandelion Root)
As an adjunct in any disorder in an anabolic stress individual with acidic, heavy
urine and a tendency for sodium retention HBP, elevated blood lipids and uric
acid, and a diet heavy in poor quality fats, proteins...the constitution that
tends to arteriosclerosis (male), gall stones (female) in middle age.
ROOT or LEAF.  Tincture [Fresh Root, 1:2] 1/2 to 1 teaspoon to 4X a day...long
term use.

           --------------------------------------------------

*THUJA (Arbor Vitae, Red Cedar, Yellow Cedar)
EXTERNAL: The full strength or diluted tincture for skin fungal infections,
especially tineas in moist or oily areas.
INTERNAL: A mild stimulant for innate immunity, particularly macrophage activity.
HERB. Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2] for topical use; 5-15 drops in water, to 4X a 
day.

           --------------------------------------------------

TRILLIUM (Beth Root)
Bronchial, uterine and kidney hypersecretion or capillary bleeding, where
membranes are full and venous and lymphatic drainage is poor.
WHOLE PLANT.  Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2] 15-25 drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Acute inflammations, organic disease, overt pathology.

           --------------------------------------------------

TRITICUM (Couch Grass, Agropyron)
Any acute irritation of the urinary tract or kidneys, with referred pain along
flanks, pain on urination; soothing, not disinfectant.
RHIZOME/STEMS. Tincture [ 1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops to 5X a day.

           --------------------------------------------------

*TURNERA (Damiana)
Nervous depression, with poor appetite, sluggish in AM, anxietous in  PM and vague
recurring genito-urinary symptoms with probable emotional/neurologic cause.
FLOWERING HERB.  Fresh Plant Tincture [1:2] 20-30 drops.  Dry Plant Tincture
(inferior) [1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-60 drops, all to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Overt pathology, inflammation, pregnancy.

           --------------------------------------------------

TUSSILAGO FARFARA (Coltsfoot)
Simple irritation of the bronchial and gastric mucosa; demulcent for coughs,
laryngitis, bronchitis and the like.
HERB.  Fresh Tincture [1:2], Dry Plant Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-60 drops as
needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

UMBELLULARIA (California Bay, Oregon Myrtle)
Headache from trigeminal neuralgia; cervical-occipital headache, with pain behind
eyeball; any neuralgic headache with pain on touch.
LEAF.  Tincture [Fresh Leaf, 1:2, Recent Dry Leaf, 1:5, 65% alcohol] 10-20 drops
to 3X a day, or inhaled from a saturated cotton ball.
CONTRA: Excess inhalation of aromatics may CAUSE headache.

           --------------------------------------------------

*USTILAGO  (Corn Smut)
Chronic extended and painful menses.  This is a tonic stimulant to uterine and
fallopian mucosa, increasing vascular tone and diminishing both blood supply AND
secretions;  whereas GOSSYPIUM relies upon amplifying native oxytocin, Ustilago
mimics some of its vascular effects when there IS no oxytocin...a safe low-impact
analog to Ergot, virtually devoid of toxicity within recommended doses.
FUNGUS.  Fresh Fungus Tincture [1:5] 10-40 drops to 3X a day. 
USE WITH CARE.
CONTRA: Pregnancy; vascular disorders; high blood pressure; organic reproductive
disease

           --------------------------------------------------

VACCINIUM (Blueberry, Huckleberry)
Mild UTI disinfectant for alkaline pH infections; mild glycosuria, phosphaturia,
proteinuria without distinct pathology.
LEAVES.  Tincture [Fresh Leaf, 1:2, Recent Dry Leaf, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 25-40 drops
to 2x a day.
CONTRA: May interfere with glycosuria testing in diabetes. For juvenile,
insulin-dependent diabetes, the tea is preferable.
NOTE: This is NOT the format for the use of Vaccinium in IDDM...the tea is.

           --------------------------------------------------

VALERIANA (Valerian)
Insomnia, hysteria, skeletal muscle spasms, hypertonicities, neuralgias and
pain-induced irritability, in those with vascular and pulmonary deficiency of
constitutional nature.
PLANT. Tincture [Fresh Whole Plant 1:2, Dry Root, 1:5, 70% alcohol], 30-90 drops,
to 3X a day.
CONTRA: Sthenic, excessive individuals with strong cerebral or pulmonary
circulation; can become depressing, like bromides, with constant use.

           --------------------------------------------------

*VERATRUM (False Hellebore, "Skunk Cabbage", Green Hellebore)
Fever with bloodshot eyes (not conjunctivitis), strong, bounding pulse, sufficient
to cause the person discomfort lying on stomach, and sufficient cerebral hyperemia
to interfere with sleep; "brain fever" as might be described in an Edgar Allen Poe
diatribe; all the previous in a sthenic mesomorph.   The Village Smithy Syndrome.
ROOT.  Tincture [1:10, 95% alcohol] 3-10 drops to 3X a day.
CONTRA: A strong cardiovascular depressant, use VERY carefully, and only in these
low doses for this limited range of symptoms. In this context, however, a very
safe medicine. It need repeating as it wears off, usually every four hours.

           --------------------------------------------------

VERBASCUM (Mullein)
Bronchial or urinary irritability, with strong neurologic aspect, as a sedative.
FLOWERS.  Tincture [Fresh Flowers,1:2,Dry Flowers,1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops

           --------------------------------------------------

*VERBENA (Blue Vervain)
A sedative and diaphoretic in the early stages of simple viral infections.
FLOWERING HERB.  Tincture [1:5, 60% alcohol] 30-90 drops, to 4X a day.
CONTRA: pregnancy, liver disease, hypotension, other depressants.

           --------------------------------------------------

VIBURNUM OPULUS (Cramp Bark)
Dysmenorrhea and other uterine pain with clonic, rhythmic cramps, intestinal or
rectal cramps, referred thigh and leg sacral dermatomes; threatened miscarriages
with similar symptoms.
ROOTBARK and BARK.  Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 30-90 drops as needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

VIBURNUM PRUNIFOLIUM (Black Haw)
Dysmenorrhea and other uterine pain, with colicky, irritable pain, more lumbar and
pelvic than the above. Otherwise, the same in dose and use.

           --------------------------------------------------

*VINCA MAJOR (Periwinkle)
As a hemostatic in menorrhagia, metrorrhagia and rectal lesions; mixed with five
parts glycerin, the tincture can be applied topically to hemorrhoids.
HERB. Tincture [Fresh Herb 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 50% alcohol] 20-40 drops to 3x a
day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, constipation, anti-cholinergics.

           --------------------------------------------------

*VISCUM ALBUM (European Mistletoe)
A reliable hypotensive in HBP, with hypertension headaches, bloodshot eyes and
pounding temples; kidney-induced hypertension, with arterial constriction and
rapid heartbeat.
HERB. Tincture [1:5, 50% alcohol] 15-30 drops to 3x a day.
CONTRA: Pregnancy, depressants, and where stronger therapies are indicated.

           --------------------------------------------------

*VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS (Chaste Tree Berries, Monk Peppers)
For any progesterone-deficient syndromes, or, as it seems to stimulate the
synthesis by the hypothalamus of luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone, it can
help stimulate corpus-luteum maturity, and, in males with deficient testosterone
levels, elevate them, or, if excessive, decrease them. A basic PMS medicine for
women with cycles longer than 28 days.
SEEDS.  Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol] 45-60 drops in AM.
CONTRA: Hormone therapy, pregnancy (probably). A subtle group of mechanisms at
best, discontinue if Vitex aggravates the problem.

           --------------------------------------------------

XANTHOXYLUM (Prickly Ash Bark, Berries)
Poor peripheral circulation and cold hands, feet; Raynaud's Syndrome, with
Scutellaria; poor mesenteric, pelvic circulation causing weak digestive fire, chi
(berries). Poor cerebral circulation from arteriosclerosis with intellect and
memory lapse.
BARK/BERRIES. Tincture [1:5, 65% alcohol] 10-25 drops to 3x a day (bark), 5-15
drops (berries).

           --------------------------------------------------

ZINGIBER (Ginger)
Intestinal colic with flatulence, indigestion; cold extremities in cold climate;
fever with chill but dry skin, no sweating.
ROOT. Fresh Root Tincture [1:2] 10-20 drops in warm water as needed.

           --------------------------------------------------

INDEX OF ALTERNATIVE NAMES

           --------------------------------------------------

All upper case names represent the primary listings in the main text.

           --------------------------------------------------

Acanthopanax - ELEUTHEROCOCCUS
Aconite - ACONITUM
Actea arguta - ACTEA RUBRA
African Bird Pepper - CAPSICUM
Agothasma - BAROSMA
Agropyron - TRITICUM
Alum Root - GERANIUM
Antelope Horns - ASCLEPIAS ASPERULA
Arbor Vitae - THUJA
Arnica - ARNICA
    Mexican - HETEROTHECA
Ash, Prickly - XANTHOXYLUM
    Wafer - PTELEA
Aspen - POPULUS TREMULOIDES
Balm of Gilead - POPULUS CANDICANS
Balmony - CHELONE
Balsam Root - BALSAMORHIZA
Baneberry - ACTEA RUBRA
Barberry - BERBERIS
Bayberry - MYRICA
Bearberry - ARCTOSTAPHYLOS    UVA-URSI
Bearsfoot - POLYMNIA
Benzoin - STYRAX BENZOIN
Berberis aquifolium - MAHONIA
Bethroot - TRILLIUM
Betony - PEDICULARIS
Biscuit Root - LOMATIUM
Bishops's Weed - AMMI VISNAGA
Bistort - POLYGONUM BISTORTA
Bittersweet - SOLANUM DULCAMARA
Bittersweet Twigs - SOLANUM DULCAMARA
Black Cohosh - CIMICIFUGA
    Haw - VIBURNUM
    Root - LEPTANDRA
    Sampson - ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA
Black Walnut - JUGLANS MAJOR
Bladderwrack - FUCUS
Bleeding Heart - DICENTRA FORMOSA
Blessed Thistle - CNICUS
Bloodroot - SANGUINARIA
Blueberry - VACCINIUM
Blue Cohosh - CAULOPHYLLUM
    Flag - IRIS
    Vervain - VERBENA
Bogbean - MENYANTHES
Broom Tops - SCOPARIUS
    Butcher's - RUSCUS ACULEATUS
Bryony - BRYONIA
Buchu - BAROSMA
Buckbean - MENYANTHES
Buckthorn - FRANGULA
Bugleweed - LYCOPUS
Bull Nettle - SOLANUM CAROLINENSE
Burdock - ARCTIUM
Burning Bush - EUONYMUS
Bursage - AMBROSIA
Butcher's Broom - RUSCUS ACULEATUS
Butter-and-Eggs - LINARIA
Butterfly Milkweed - ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
Button Bush - CEPHALANTHUS
Button Snakeroot - ERYNGIUM YUCCAFOLIUM
Cactus grandiflorus - SELENICEREUS
Calamus - ACORUS CALAMUS
California Mugwort - ARTEMISIA VULGARIS
    Poppy - ESCHSCHOLTZIA CALIFORNICA
Camphor Weed - HETEROTHECA
Canadian Hemp - APOCYNUM
    Snakeroot - ASARUM
Canela - CINNAMOMUM
Cascara Sagrada - RHAMNUS PURSHIANA
Catnip - NEPETA
Cayenne - CAPSICUM
Celandine - CHELIDONIUM
Centaury - CENTAURIUM
Cereus - SELENICEREUS
Chaparral - LARREA
Chaparro Amargoso - CASTELA
Chaste Tree Berries - VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS
Cherry, Wild - PRUNUS
Cistus - HELIANTHEMUM
Cohosh, Black - CIMICIFUGA
    Blue - CAULOPHYLLUM
Coltsfoot - TUSSILAGO
Colombo, American - SWERTIA
Coneflower - ECHINACEA
Corn Smut - USTILAGO
Cotton Root - GOSSYPIUM
Couchgrass - AGROPYRON
Cow Parsnip - HERACLEUM
Cramp Bark - VIBURNUM
Cranesbill - GERANIUM
Creosote Bush - LARREA
Culver's Root - LEPTANDRA
Cypress - CUPRESSUS
Cystisus - SCOPARIUS
Damiana - TURNERA
Dandelion - TARAXACUM
Devil's Claw - HARPAGOPHYTUM
    Club - OPLOPANAX
    Dung - ASAFETIDA
Doggrass - AGROPYRON
Dogbane - APOCYNUM
Dogwood, Jamaican - PISCIDIA
Dong Quai - ANGELICA SINENSIS
Elecampane - INULA
Elephant Head - PEDICULARIS
    Tree - BURSERA MICROPHYLLA
Eryngo - ERYNGIUM YUCCAFOLIUM
Erythraea - CENTAURIUM
European Pennyroyal - MENTHA PULEGIUM
Eyebright - EUPHRASIA
Fennel - FOENICULUM
Ferula asafetida - ASAFETIDA
    sumbul - SUMBUL
Figwort - SCROPHULARIA
Flag, Blue - IRIS
    Sweet - ACORUS CALAMUS
Frasera - SWERTIA
Fringetree - CHIONANTHUS
Frostwort - HELIANTHEMUM
Gentian - GENTIANA
    Green - SWERTIA
Ginger - ZINGIBER
    Wild - ASARUM
Ginseng - PANAX
    Siberian - ELEUTHEROCOCCUS
Gold Thread - COPTIS
Golden Seal - HYDRASTIS
    Smoke - CORYDALIS AUREUS
Gotu Kola - CENTELLA
Gravel Root - EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM
Ground Ivy - GLECHOMA
Guarana - PAULLINIA
Gumweed - GRINDELIA
Hawthorn - CRATAEGUS
Hediondilla - LARREA
Helianthemum - CISTUS
Hellebore, Green or False - VERATRUM
Holacantha - CASTELA
Holy Thistle - CNICUS
Hop Tree - PTELEA
Hops - HUMULUS
Horehound - MARRUBIUM
    Water - LYCOPUS
Horsetail - EQUISETUM
Huckleberry - VACCINIUM
Hydrocotyle - CENTELLA
Hyssop - HYSSOPUS
Indian Root - ARISTOLOCHIA WATSONII
    Warrior - PEDICULARIS
Indigo, Wild - BAPTISIA
Inmortal - ASCLEPIAS ASPERULA
Jabin - PISCIDIA
Jaborandi - PILOCARPUS
Jack-In-The-Pulpit - ARISAEMA
Jamaica Dogwood - PISCIDIA
Jasmine, Yellow - GELSEMIUM
Jatamansi - SUMBUL
Jersey Tree - CEANOTHUS
Juniper - JUNIPERUS
Kava Kava - PIPER METHYSTICUM
Khella - AMMI VISNAGA
Kinnikinnik - ARCTOSTAPHYLOS UVA-URSI
Kola - COLA
Lady Slipper - CYPRIPEDIUM
Lappa - ARCTIUM
Larkspur - DELPHINIUM
Laurel,California - UMBELLULARIA
Leafcup - POLYMNIA
Leptotaenia - LOMATIUM
Licorice - GLYCYRRHIZA
Life Root - SENECIO AUREUS
Lignum Vitae - GUAIACUM
Lily of the Valley - CONVALLARIA
Liriosma - PTYCHOPETALUM
Lizard Tail - ANEMOPSIS
Lousewort - PEDICULARIS
Macrotys - CIMICIFUGA
Ma Huang - EPHEDRA VULGARIS
Mandrake, American - PODOPHYLLUM
Manzanita - ARCTOSTAPHYLOS    UVA-URSI
Maravilla - MIRABILIS
Marigold, Common - CALENDULA
Marsh Trefoil - MENYANTHES
Maturique - CACALIA
May Apple - PODOPHYLLUM
Meadowsweet - FILIPENDULA
Milfoil - ACHILLEA
Milk Thistle-SILYBUM
Milkweed, Butterfly - ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
    Spider - ASCLEPIAS ASPERULA
Mistletoe - VISCUM
Monkshood - ACONITUM
Monks Pepper - VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS
Moonseed - MENISPERMUM
Motherwort - LEONURUS
Mountain Laurel - KALMIA
Mugwort - ARTEMISIA VULGARIS
Muirapuama - PTYCHOPETALUM
Mullein - VERBASCUM
Musk Root - SUMBUL
Myrrh - COMMIPHORA
Nepeta hederacea - GLECHOMA
Nerve Root - CYPRIPEDIUM
New Jersey Tea - CEANOTHUS
Night-Blooming Cereus - SELENICEREUS
Oak - QUERCUS
Oats - AVENA
Ocotillo - FOUQUIERIA
Ohio Buckeye - AESCULUS GLABRA
Parrot's Beak - PEDICULARIS
Parsley - PETROSELINUM
Pasque Flower - ANEMONE HIRSUTISSIMA
Passion Flower - PASSIFLORA
Peniocereus - SELENICEREUS
Pennyroyal, American - HEDEOMA
    European - MENTHA PULEGIUM
Peony - PAEONIA
Petasites - TUSSILAGO
Picrasma - PICRAENA
Piper cubeba - CUBEBA
Pipsissewa - CHIMAPHILA
Pleurisy Root - ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
Plumajillo - ACHILLEA
Poke Root - PHYTOLACCA
Pomegranate - GRANATUM
Poplar Buds - POPULUS CANDICANS
Poppy, California - ESCHSCHOLTZIA CALIFORNICA
Prickly Ash - XANTHOXYLUM
Prunus africana - PYGEUM AFRICANUM
Pulsatilla - ANEMONE HIRSTUTISSIMA
Quassia - PICRAENA
Queen of the Meadow - EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM
Quinine Bush - GARRYA
Ragweed - AMBROSIA
Raiz del Indio - ARISTOLOCHIA WATSONII
Rattlesnake Master - ERYNGIUM YUCCAFOLIUM
Red Cedar - THUJA
    Root - CEANOTHUS
Rhatany - KRAMERIA
Rhubarb - RHEUM
Rock Rose - CISTUS
Rock Rose - HELIANTHEMUM
Rue, Syrian - PEGANUM HARMALA
Sabal - SERENOA
Sage - SALVIA
    White - SALVIA APIANA
Sandalwood - SANTALUM
Sarsaparilla - SMILAX
Saw Palmetto - SERENOA
Scouring Rush - EQUISETUM
Senega Snakeroot-POLYGALA
Serpentaria - ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENTARIA
Seven Barks - HYDRANGEA
Shavegrass - EQUISETUM
Shepherd's Purse - CAPSELLA
Silk Tassel - GARRYA
Skullcap - SCUTELLARIA
Skunk Cabbage - DRACONTIUM
    Western - LYSICHITON AMERICANUM
Snakeroot, Button - ERYNGIUM YUCCAFOLIUM
    Canadian - ASARUM
    Kansas - ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA
    Senega - POLYGALA
    Virginia - ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENTARIA
Spikenard - ARALIA RACEMOSA
Spiraea - FILIPENDULA
Squaw Vine - MITCHELLA
Squaw Weed - SENECIO AUREUS
St. John's Wort - HYPERICUM
Star Grass - ALETRIS
Stavesacre - DELPHINIUM
Stinkasant - ASAFETIDA
Stone Root - COLLINSONIA
Stream Helleborine - EPIPACTIS
Stream Orchid - EPIPACTIS
Sundew - DROSERA
Sweet Flag - ACORUS CALAMUS
Symplocarpus - DRACONTIUM
Syrian Rue - PEGANUM HARMALA
Tang Kwei - ANGELICA SINENSIS
Telegraph Weed - HETEROTHECA
Thlaspi - CAPSELLA
Toadflax - LINARIA
Tobacco, Indian - LOBELIA
Torote - BURSERA MICROPHYLLA
Unicorn Root - CHAMAELIRIUM
    False - ALETRIS (also called "True")
Uva Ursi - ARCTOSTAPHYLOS    UVA-URSI
Veronicastrum - LEPTANDRA
Vervain - VERBENA
Virginia Snakeroot - ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENTARIA
Virgin's Bower - CLEMATIS
Wafer Ash - PTELEA
Wahoo - EUONYMUS
Water Horehound - LYCOPUS
Western Skunk Cabbage - LYSICHITON AMERICANUM
White Sage - SALVIA APIANA
Wild Ginger - ASARUM
    Indigo - BAPTISIA
    Yam - DIOSCOREA
Witch Hazel - HAMAMELIS
Wolf Berry - LYCIUM PALLIDUM
Yarrow - ACHILLEA
Yellow Cedar - THUJA
    Dock - RUMEX CRISPUS
    Jasmine - GELSEMIUM
    Parilla - MENISPERMUM
    Pond Lily - NUPHAR
Yerba del Sapo - AMBROSIA
Yerba Mansa - ANEMOPSIS
Yerba Santa - ERIODICTYON
Yohimbe - CORYNANTHE


SOUTHWEST SCHOOL OF BOTANICAL MEDICINE
122 Tulane SE, Albuquerque, NM  87106
(505) 255-9215  
FAX (505) 268-0196


Michael Moore, Director
Donna Chesner, Administrator
