Subject: specifications for survival
Sent 1-1-01
Brochure:

We need something that summarizes what the engineer minded individual needs-to-
know to properly build a survival site. I propose we add something like the 
following to the "Brochure" that Helen is preparing.  Some of these items are 
things I wish I knew the answer to.  If you have the answer to "xx" or "yy" 
below or have other useful items to add to the list please send it to the list.  
Once we are happy with it we can give it to Nancy and Helen. 

Title could be: 
Engineering Survival Site Design Guide Notes (specifications for survival)

Water needs:

* Distilled (to make colloidal silver, occasional DeTox of the sick (lead or 
mineral posing), replenish battery water): .5 gal/month (yy liter/month) per 
person minimum 2 gal/month (yy liter/month) per person optimum average.  If used 
as drinking water then add about 1 gal/day.  

* Reverse osmosis water (drinking, sponge baths, cooking, final rinses for 
vegetables and hands) 2.5 gal/day (yy liter/day) per person minimum 3.5 gal/day 
(yy liter/day) per person optimum average. 

* Particle filtered, Ozone added, and Carbon filtered (source for reverse 
osmosis, washing vegetables, hands, showers, baths, clean up, laundry, 
hydroponics, fish, worms, and possible indoor gardening): xx gal/day (yy 
liter/day) per person minimum with xx gal/day (yy liter/day) optimum average. 

* Unfiltered water (washing boots, prewashing clothing, gardening, and possibly 
hydroponics(?)): xx gal/day (yy liter/day) per person minimum with xx gal/day 
(yy liter/day) optimum average. 


Electrical power:

* Average Electrical power (food production lighting, task lighting, 
refrigerator-freezer, distiller, dehumidifier, electric water heater, and water 
pumps): xx Kwatts/hour per each person minimum with xx Kwatts/hr per each person 
average optimum. 

* If wind and water are used to produce the power the minimum estimated size of 
the plant capability should be X times the minimum hourly needs. 


Food production:

* Minimum surface area for food growth is xx Sq fT (yy sq M) per person.  

* Maximum rates of Photosynthesis are attained at 25-35% of full sunlight 
intensity or between 3.7 Lwatts(all light energy)/sq. meter (2,500 Lux) to 10.3 
Lwatts/sq. meter (7,000 Lux) and in some shade species at even lower 
intensities.  
  Type of light      EWatts/Sq Meter
  LED (white)          xx
  LED (red & blue)     xx
  Tungsten Filament    xx
  Halogen flood        xx
  Florescent           xx
  Mercury vapor        xx
  Sodium vapor         xx
  Note: In the EWatts/sq meter column, EWatts refers to electrical watts or bulb 
input watts used to produce 1,000 Lux of light output at ground level). If one 
decides that it will take 4,000 Lux for the plants one decides to use then xx 
times 4 times the square area needed would give the electrical watts needed to 
power it and indicate the number of bulbs needed. 

* XX cubic ft (yy cubic meters) of worm production or xx number of worms can 
support xx sq ft (yy sq M) of plant growth.

* XX lb or (yy KG) of fish production can support xx sq ft (yy sq Meter) of 
plant growth.


Survival Shelter:

* Withstand Hurricane force winds: estimate to be 300-400 MPH which result in a 
XX lbs/sq inch (yy KGm/sq meter) on the surface of a shelter. 

* Withstand Fire: Forrest fires and flash meteor showers burning the atmosphere. 

* Strong shaking forces lasting less than one hour: Magnitude 9-10 Richter 
scale.

* Average maximum expected amplitude of motion vertical (up and down) of  
bedrock to be 100 ft to 200 ft with a maximum of 5 G acceleration.  Maximum 
expected amplitude of the motion of bedrock in a horizontal direction to be 200 
ft to 300 ft with a maximum of 9 to 10 G acceleration.

* Possible liquefaction of all soils except hard clays and rock. 


Communications: (by ham radios) (voice, data, CW)

* HF (1.8-30 MHz) for long distance

* VHF(144-148 MHz) and higher frequencies for short distance (local)

---------------------------

Reference data, not intended as part of the brochure. Most of the following was 
posted to TT site a couple of years ago. 

Reff http://www.litemanu.com/lightingqa.html

"Under natural conditions, maximum rates of Photosynthesis are attained in 
single leaves of many species at 25-35% of full sunlight intensity and in some 
shade species at even lower intensities."

If one now takes 25-35% of 14.7-29.4 watts/sq. meter one gets 3.7 to 10.3 
watts/sq. meter or an average of 7 Watts/sq. meter.  Note that the watts 
referred to are all light energy and not to be confused with electrical watts. 
Using the fact that one watt per Sq. meter of light = 680 Lux.  The results for 
maximum photosynthesis is between 2516 Lux to 7,004 Lux. This can be rounded to 
2,500 to 7,000 Lux. 
 
Summary: Maximum rates of Photosynthesis are attained at 25-35% of full sunlight 
intensity or between 3.7 watts/sq. meter (2,500 Lux) to 10.3 watts/sq. meter 
(7,000 Lux) and in some shade species at even lower intensities.  


