
                                       SECTION XVI
                                    HEAT EMERGENCIES

There are three types of heat emergencies you may be required to
treat.

1. HEAT STROKE

       This is the most serious type of heat emergency. It is
LIFE-THREATENING and requires IMMEDIATE and AGGRESSIVE treatment!

       Heat stroke occurs when the body's heat regulating mechanism
fails.The body temperature rises so high that brain damage --and
death-- may result unless the body is cooled quickly.

       SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

       The victim's skin is HOT, RED and usually DRY. Pupils are
very small. The body temperature is VERY HIGH, sometimes as high as
105 degrees.

       FIRST AID

       Remember, Heat Stroke is a life-threatening emergency and
requires prompt action!
       Summon professional help. Get the victim into a cool place.
COOL THE VICTIM AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE IN ANY MANNER! Place the
victim into a bathtub of cool water, wrap in wet sheets, place in
an air conditioned room. 

       Do not give victim anything by mouth. Treat for shock.



2. HEAT EXHAUSTION

       Heat exhaustion is less dangerous than heat stroke. It is
caused by fluid loss which in turn causes blood flow to decrease in
vital organs, resulting in a form of shock.

       SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

       COOL, PALE AND MOIST skin, heavy sweating, dilated pupils
(wide), headache, nausea, dizziness and vomiting. Body temperature
will be near normal.

       FIRST AID

       Get the victim out of the heat and into a cool place. Place
in the shock position, lying on the back with feet raised. Remove
or loosen clothing. Cool by fanning or applying cold packs or wet
towels or sheets. If conscious, give water to drink every 15
minutes.

3. HEAT CRAMPS

       Heat cramps are muscular pain and spasms due to heavy
exertion. They usually involve the abdominal muscles or legs. It is
generally thought this condition is caused by loss of water
and salt through sweating.

       FIRST AID

       Get victim to a cool place. If they can tolerate it, give
one-half glass of water every 15 minutes. Heat cramps can usually
be avoided by increasing fluid intake when active in hot weather.

