Lazarus Hardware Interruptions
lazarus / 38-Networking and Web Programming

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 08:44

Hello.
Sorry if I'm not posting in the right section but I didn't find one to
fit...

My question: Does Lazarus know about hardware interrupts? And if the
answer is positive, can anyone give me some directions?

Thanks in advance.

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BigChimp · 2013-07-09 08:48

I suppose it "knows" as much as the underlying operating system will
allow it.

For more info, see:
http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/Hardware_Access

Hint: the wiki has *lots* of info

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 08:50

That didn't help... I'll be back! With some more details

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Leledumbo · 2013-07-09 09:06

You need to provide more details since "knows" could mean anything.
Kernels in Pascal will of course deal with interrupts, but still we
don't know what you need from that.

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 09:49

Before that.... This code dies...
I want to send something, anything since it's the first time I'm doing
this, to the RS232 interface
Code: [Select]procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

    var
     x:integer;
  begin
       Timer1.Enabled:=True;

       try
          ser:=TBlockSerial.Create;
          ser.Connect('COM7'); //ComPort
          ser.config(1200, 7, 'N', SB1, False, False);
          Label2.Caption:=('Device: ' + ser.Device + '   Status: ' +
ser.LastErrorDesc +' '+Inttostr(ser.LastError));
          except ShowMessage('Could not connect');
          end;
  end;

procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var CloseAction:
TCloseAction);
begin
     try
   ser.free;
     except showmessage('NotFree');
     end;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  RS232_connect() //unit1.pas(69,16) Error: Identifier not found
"RS232_connect" ?????? ???? ????

end;

procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Write(IntToHex(ser.RecvByte(10000), 2), ' ');
end;
end.I have created a form with a button and two labels... One of the
labels will indicate the status....
I click the button, i get Status: OK but after that it dies. It just
freezes.... No data sent to RS232  Ideas?
Actually, if I leave it be for 20 - 30 seconds, it'll return an Error
"File not open."

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irfanbagus · 2013-07-09 10:32

Quote from: hac3ru on July 09, 2013, 11:49:54 amBefore that.... This
code dies...
I want to send something, anything since it's the first time I'm doing
this, to the RS232 interface
Code: [Select]procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

    var
     x:integer;
  begin
       Timer1.Enabled:=True;

       try
          ser:=TBlockSerial.Create;
          ser.Connect('COM7'); //ComPort
          ser.config(1200, 7, 'N', SB1, False, False);
          Label2.Caption:=('Device: ' + ser.Device + '   Status: ' +
ser.LastErrorDesc +' '+Inttostr(ser.LastError));
          except ShowMessage('Could not connect');
          end;
  end;

procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var CloseAction:
TCloseAction);
begin
     try
   ser.free;
     except showmessage('NotFree');
     end;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  RS232_connect() //unit1.pas(69,16) Error: Identifier not found
"RS232_connect" ?????? ???? ????

end;

procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Write(IntToHex(ser.RecvByte(10000), 2), ' ');
end;
end.I have created a form with a button and two labels... One of the
labels will indicate the status....
I click the button, i get Status: OK but after that it dies. It just
freezes.... No data sent to RS232  Ideas?
Actually, if I leave it be for 20 - 30 seconds, it'll return an Error
"File not open."

'File not open' error because you try to call write (
Write(IntToHex... ) from gui application. uncheck 'win32 gui
application' in project options.

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 10:56

Well... I kinda need it to be a WIN32 App.... And it's not giving me
an error anymore but still not sending anything... I got a USB to
RS232 adapter with 2 leds on it.... RXD and TXD which should light if
data is transfered.....
Any ideas?

Thanks for wasting time with me 

//Working.

I did ser.SendByte(x) // X being incremented by a counter. My question
is: Does it convert that X to Byte? I first did ser.SendByte(0000
0001)... After that I tried with X and it worked....
So... If i do ser.SendByte(x) //x being 1 at first// it'll send 0000
0001?
Ser.SendByte(x)// x=2// send 0000 0010? And so on?

And also... Can I send a word or something?
Thank you

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-09 11:57

hello hac3ru,

why dont' you use a serial port lazarus component to do this
(TLazSerial or TSdpoSerial) ?

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 12:10

I'll give it a shot. Is it easier to work with?

Also... I was trying to convert from char to ascii value using
ord(edit1.text); i going from 1 to length(edit1.text).... It's giving
me an error: Code: [Select]unit1.pas(85,55) Error: Incompatible type
for arg no. 1: Got "Byte", expected "TTranslateString"

Ermm... How do you send data to the RS232 using LazSerial?
I have added an LazSerial entity, or whatever the name would be, I
configured it's device as COM7 but when I try to run the application,
I get "Error reading LS1.Active: Could not open device \\COM1".... Why
COM1?


Later Edit: Never Mind... I fixed the Communication problem.
The ord(char) still remains. Anybody any ideas?

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-09 15:03

hac3ru , put your code in a reply to see    what is wrong.

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 15:32

Communication's alright now but the ord(char) returns the error
written above....
There's not much of a code. A textbox, a label and a button...
Code: [Select]Error: Incompatible type for arg no. 1: Got "Byte",
expected "TTranslateString"

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-09 16:11

what do you want to send ?  a string ? a buffer of bytes ? a char ? a
byte ?

ord  only available for a char not for a string.

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hac3ru · 2013-07-09 16:47

I wanted to transform a string into an array of chars...
So...
I did:
Code: [Select]for i:=1 to Length(Edit1.text)
   begin
      arr[i]:=ord(Edit1.text[i]);
   end;
And that returned an error....

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-10 00:05

you must cast  byte to char to avoid this error :
Code: [Select] arr[i]:=Char(ord(Edit1.text[i]));but it is easyer to
work with array of bytes or string

Here is three ways to send 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP' + CRLF  to a serial port
:
Code: [Select]procedure TForm1.Button7Click(Sender: TObject);
var buffer : array of Byte;
    arr : array of Byte;
    List1: TStringList;
    MyString: String;
    x: integer;
begin
    List1 := TStringList.Create;
    List1.Delimiter := ',';
    // ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP <CR><LF>  hexa  value comma delimited
    List1.DelimitedText :=
'41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,4A,4B,4C,4D,4E,4F,50,0D,0A';
    SetLength(buffer,List1.Count);
    for x:= 0 to List1.Count -1 do
    begin
    buffer[x] := StrtoInt('$' + List1[x]);
    end;
    //Edit1.text contains ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP
    SetLength(arr,Length(Edit1.Text) + 2);
    for x:=1 to Length(Edit1.text) do
     begin
      arr[x-1]:= ord(Edit1.text[x]);
     end;
     arr[x] := 13;
     arr[x+1] := 10;
   myString := Edit1.Text + #13 + #10;
  LazSerial1.Open;
    LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(buffer[0],List1.count);
    LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(arr[0],Length(arr));
    LazSerial1.WriteData(myString);
  List1.Free;
end; 
Friendly, J.P

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hac3ru · 2013-07-10 06:32

Thank you!

Got a question though: Why do you use LazSerial1.WriteBuffer? Why
can't you just go to Laz1.WriteData?
Also, I get a warning that Arr is not initialized and the application
crashes....

Nvm got it

//Later edit:
This code works: Code: [Select]         
 SetLength(arr,Length(edit1.text)+1);
           Memo1.Clear;
           Memo1.Lines.Add('Chars as ASCII Code');
           for i:=1 to Length(Edit1.Text) do
               begin
                    arr[i]:=ord(Edit1.text[i]);
                   
Memo1.Lines.Add(Edit1.text[i]+'='+IntToStr(arr[i]));
               end;This doesn'tCode: [Select]         
 SetLength(arr,Length(edit1.text));
           Memo1.Clear;
           Memo1.Lines.Add('Chars as ASCII Code');
           for i:=1 to Length(Edit1.Text) do
               begin
                    arr[i]:=ord(Edit1.text[i]);
                   
Memo1.Lines.Add(Edit1.text[i]+'='+IntToStr(arr[i]));
               end;Why does it need to be length+1? What am I missing
here?
The funny part is that it crashes only if I insert into the textbox
"aaa" and after that I add another "d" so it will be "aaad". If i
insert "aaa" and after that "aaax" it works... Anyone got a clue?

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-10 06:38

because you wrote :
QuoteI wanted to transform a string into an array of chars...

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hac3ru · 2013-07-10 07:44

And... What's the buffer used for? :"> Why WriteBuffer and not go with
WriteData? What's the difference?
Sorry if it's a newbie question... Kinda of a newbie here
I want to send a command to a microprocessor.. I need to send just
strings because I will process those strings using the
microprocessor... So?
Can i go LazSerial1.WriteData"command for microprocessor"; ?
The Cpu will get the string and I can program that cpu to do something
acording to what is being written in there, right?

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-10 08:32

use WriteData if it is string command    ex : 'StartCpu'
use WriteBuffer if it is binary command  ex: (in hexa  01 00 2B 12 4C)

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hac3ru · 2013-07-10 09:03

Oww Thank you.
Have a nice day mate

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hac3ru · 2013-07-10 17:35

I have one more question:
Is there any way to show an error message if LazSerial1.Open or
LazSerial1.Active:=True can't complete?

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-10 21:45

Add exception management. Example :
Code: [Select] try
    LazSerial1.Open;
    LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(buffer[0],List1.count);
    LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(arr[0],Length(arr));
    LazSerial1.WriteData(myString);
  except
  on E: Exception do
       ShowMessage('Error on serial port ' +
       LazSerial1.Device + ' : ' + E.message);  //Show Exception
  end;
   LazSerial1.Close;
   List1.Free;            
Friendly, J.P

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hac3ru · 2013-07-11 07:08

On button1Click
Code: [Select] try
     LS1.WriteData('RAW');
  except on E:exception do
       begin
         showmessage ('Error on serial port
'+LS1.Device+':'+E.message);
       end;
  end;        
It's not doing anything. I opened the connection, sent ('RAW' ) and it
worked. I unplugged the rs232 and tried to send it again. No error
message

I got it to work. Thanks again

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hac3ru · 2013-07-15 14:47

Got another question:

I got a string of hex... I mean, i got a string like
Code: [Select]var hex:string;
begin
hex:='001f2d4c'; //used for example
endI want to send that hex code using LazSerial1.WriteBuffer... How
can I do that? Been struggling for 2 hours....
Code: [Select]       list1:=TStringList.Create;
       List1.Delimiter := ',';
       i:=1;   
    begin
         
List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,msg[i],msg[i+1]);
          if i<Length(msg)-1 then
              List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,',');
          i:=i+2;
       end;
       Memo1.Lines.Add(List1.DelimitedText);
       SetLength(buffer,List1.Count);
       for i:= 0 to List1.Count-1 do
       begin
         buffer[i] := StrtoInt('$' + List1[i]);
       end;
       LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(buffer[0],List1.count);
Could this work? I can only test it tomorrow...
This code is running but I can't test it until tomorrow... Any ideas
if there are any chances of succes?
I was previously sending the string using LazSerial1.WriteData() but
it was sending one character at a time, instead of hexa code so.... I
need to use this.
Thanks in advance

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Leledumbo · 2013-07-15 15:08

QuoteI want to send that hex code using LazSerial1.WriteBuffer... How
can I do that?As a 4-byte integer?
Code: [Select]var i: LongWord;
...
i := StrToInt('$' + hex);
...
Or simply 4 bytes?
Code: [Select]i := 0;
for j := 1 to Length(Hex) div 2 do begin
  buffer[i] := StrToInt('$' + Copy(Hex,j * 2 - 1,2));
  Inc(i);
end;
// please handle buffer storage yourself or use any container type

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hac3ru · 2013-07-15 15:11

So my code should, in theory, work.... Right?

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Leledumbo · 2013-07-15 15:18

QuoteSo my code should, in theory, work.... Right? Not really
(assuming your code is somewhat complete).
Code: [Select]List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,msg[i],m
sg[i+1]);
          if i<Length(msg)-1 then
              List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,',');
          i:=i+2;This must first initialize List1.DelimitedText with
empty text for safety, and the concat should be executed in a loop
Code: [Select]Memo1.Lines.Add(List1.DelimitedText);What is this for?
Code: [Select]SetLength(buffer,List1.Count);
       for i:= 0 to List1.Count-1 do
       begin
         buffer[i] := StrtoInt('$' + List1[i]);
       end;
       LazSerial1.WriteBuffer(buffer[0],List1.count); This should be
fine

Using TStringList to store the bytes as string seems overkill, but
it's up to you. As long as you don't blow up your RAM and willing to
accept the slowness (it's 2N complexity for the byte buffer filling
including the preparation), it should be fine.

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-15 16:01

have you seen the reply #13  hac3ru ?

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hac3ru · 2013-07-15 18:57

Yup. That's what i tried to use...

The Memo1.Lines.Add is used just to insert lines in the memo with the
hex that should be send...

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-15 22:48

Quote     i:=1;   
    begin
         
List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,msg,msg[i+1]);
          if i<Length(msg)-1 then
              List1.DelimitedText:=concat(List1.DelimitedText,',');
          i:=i+2;
       end;
what is msg and what is its value ?
i don't see a for loop with the begin end ! why begin end ?

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hac3ru · 2013-07-15 23:32

The msg is a variable in which I stored the hex code...
msg:=2f4a553a6c900195 for example.
And I used a WHILE loop, with I incremented by two so the TStringlist
will get element 1 and 2 as the 1st element so list[1]=2f;
list[2]=4a;
list[3]=55; and so on...

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-16 00:59

try this :

Code: [Select] var   buffer : array of Byte;
      x,buffersize: integer;
      msg : String;
begin
    msg:= '2f4a553a6c900195';
    x:= 0;
    bufferSize := Length(msg)div 2;
    SetLength(buffer,bufferSize);
    while x < bufferSize do
    begin
    buffer[x] := StrtoInt('$' + copy(msg,(x*2)+1,2));
    inc(x);
    end;

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hac3ru · 2013-07-16 07:25

Going to try it right now.
Thanks mate.
Can you explain what's Code: [Select] buffer[x] := StrtoInt('$' +
copy(msg,(x*2)+1,2)); doing exactly? Thank you

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-16 10:30

Code: [Select]buffer[x] := StrtoInt('$' + copy(msg,(x*2)+1,2));
copy the hex value of 2 characters of the string msg beginning at
position (x*2) + 1 ( 1,3,5 etc...)

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hac3ru · 2013-07-16 12:19

Thank you.

Now... I want to read buffer from the RS232... When I try to use
LazSerial1.ReadBuffer is telling me that unit1.pas(86,24) Error:
identifier idents no member "ReadBuffer"
Any ideas?

Actually, I just want to read from RS232... I tried using:Code:
[Select]procedure TForm1.LazSerial1RxData(Sender: TObject);
var received:string;
begin
received:=LazSerial1.ReadData;
Label1.Caption:=received;
end;
Nothing is received. Even though, the microcontroller sends ff every
second...

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-16 22:14

hello hac3ru,

1 - If your microcontroller sends datas with no CRLF at the end, you
must set the property RcvLineCRLF of the component tlazserial to
false. The ReadData function will use RecvPacket in place of
RecvString. If the property RcvLineCRLF is set to true, ReadData wait
for CRLF.

2 - if your microcontroller sends no alphanumeric datas, you can't
display some characters (ex FF 02 etc...)
To display  those datas, you can convert them to  hexa string value.

example for the rxData procedure :
Code: [Select]procedure TFMain.SerialRxData(Sender: TObject);
var S,HexaS : string;
    i : integer;
begin
  S := Serial.ReadData;
  for i := 1 to Length(S) do begin
    HexaS := HexaS + InttoHex(Ord(S[i]),2)+ ' ';
  end;
Memo.lines.Add(HexaS);
end;
Friendly, J.P

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hac3ru · 2013-07-17 06:29

Thank you

How can I check if I have lost the connection with the RS232?

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-07-17 08:11

No response from me    --> it depends of the hardware ( target,
handshake  etc...)

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hac3ru · 2013-07-17 08:52

Ohh okay...
Now... I have a TrackBar that has min:=1 and max:=2. The problem is
that when I change the position of the trackbar, it sends the data two
times. I am using that Trackbar as an on/off switch. If 1 then ON else
Off, but it is sending data twice => message gets sent twice.
Any ideas?
Got IT

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hac3ru · 2013-08-06 12:26

I've got a question: How is LazSerial.ReadData working? If I do:
Code: [Select]on RXdata
var Receive:string;
Receive:=LazSerial1.ReadData;
Showmessage (Receive);
It shows ???<>:{@$? Characters... The target is sending a hexa string

I have also tried
Code: [Select]
On RXData
recv:='';
recv:=LazSerial1.ReadData;
Receive:=concat(receive,recv);
ShowMessage(receive);When I tried this, I don't even see wierd
characters.... It's just empty...

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-08-06 14:46

hello hac3ru,

have you read this message

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hac3ru · 2013-08-06 20:17

Yup... But still... Shouldn't I be able to show SOMETHING? Like... The
integer numbers?

I will try it in the morning and see if it works. Thank you for your
time mate.


And .... Am I getting the entire message using ReadData? I mean, the
target is sending me ff02dcf235618facb8148b for example.
ReadData will get all that in one go?

Code: [Select]
procedure TForm1.LazSerial1RxData(Sender: TObject);
var
  rcv,received: string;
var
  i: integer;
begin
  rcv:='';
  Form2.Label1.Caption := 'Something was received. Check memo1 to see
what.';
  rcv :=LazSerial1.ReadData;
  for i:=1 to Length(rcv) do
    received:=received + IntToHex(Ord(rcv[i]),2) + ' ';
  Form2.Memo1.Lines.Add('String received is:' + rcv);
end;     Still not working  I am getting those chars .....
If the target machine is sending only 1 character at a time, it is
working. If it is sending a hexa string, I can't "decode" it...

Okay. Taking my words back. It is working but .... It's too slow. The
target is sending data very fast and I can't get it fast enough ....
If the target is sending 1 char at a time, I can see it correctly. If
it sends multiple, it won't work  Any ideas?

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hac3ru · 2013-08-07 08:21

Jurassic Pork thank you for your time.

If you want, you can add the following function in your LazSerial com
library:
Code: [Select]function TLazSerial.ReadByte: Byte;
begin
  if FSynSer.Handle=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then
    ComException('can not read from a closed port.');
  result:=FSynSer.RecvByte(0)
end;
Using this function, you get one byte at a time and this seems to have
fixed my problem.
It can be used on event OnRXData. I am using it like Code:
[Select]procedure TForm1.LazSerial1RxData(Sender: TObject);
var
  rcv: string;
  rcvbyte:byte;
begin
  rcvbyte:=LazSerial1.ReadByte;
  rcv:=rcv + IntToStr(rcvbyte);
  Form2.Memo1.Lines.Add('Received: '+rcv);
end;   I get in Memo1 the correct message. Seems to be all good.
As I said, if you want, you can include it into your library. Maybe it
will help someone.

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Jurassic Pork · 2013-08-07 08:40

have you tried with property RcvLineCRLF of the component tlazserial
to false. In this case onrxdata use recvpacket not recvString. For
binary datas it is what you need.

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hac3ru · 2013-08-07 13:22

Yup. It was always set to false. Don't know why it wasn't working.
I'm just glad I got it to work

Thanks for help mate