Installing Lazarus on Linux to compile in linux, win32 and macOS
lazarus / 1-Linux

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plakkies · 2012-09-26 13:05

My first goal was to get Lazarus working just to compile a program for
linux. This I found very easy and was able to get this working on
every distro I tried. There were a few hicups but the forums and wiki
helped out great.

My next goal was to get it to compile for Windows. This has been an
uphill battle with no end in sight. I referred mainly to
http://wiki.freepascal.org/Cross_compiling_for_Win32_under_Linux and I
have tried several different distros and versions with varied results
but I have not gotten even close to compiling for windows.

I have been using a virtual machine with a clean install of whatever
distro each time. Has anyone gotten this right? Can I get an image of
a VM that someone has got it right in?
I have been trying to get this right for over 4 months and Its getting
annoying.

Is there possibly an ISO with a linux distro that would come with this
pre installed?

This seems to me like the ideal install, what am I missing? Any help
will be highly appreciated.

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plakkies · 2012-10-01 05:54

Come on. There must be someone who has gotten this right. What am I
missing?

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BigChimp · 2012-10-01 05:58

See my other post on building a Linux boot cd with cross compile
functionality.

Somebody probably has this right - but there's no ISO around except
for the android cross compiler.

If you don't say exactly what you tried and where you failed:
1. how do you think others can help you
2. how can you help improve the documentation?

NB: for cross compiling to OSX you will need to copy files from your
OSX machines; there's a wiki article on that too.

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-01 07:58

My lin32 can compile for win32 and win64, using that article (and the
general cross compiling article) as a base. If you don't say exactly
where you failed and what you got so far, it would be difficult to
help. Note that as oppose to the article, my installation does NOT use
cross binutils, I rely on internal assembler/linker that fpc has for
those platforms. So these two are actually the easiest ever.

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plakkies · 2012-10-02 12:40

Thanks for the responses. Ive struggled so much so far I guess an easy
answer is not going to happen.

To keep this short Ive taken the one install that seems to have taken
me the furtherest.
This is running on Linux debian 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Sun May 6 04:01:19
UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux

I have gotten to the point in the guide where I must run
'buildcrosssnaphot.sh'

I get the following output

lazarus@debian:~/Downloads/binutils-2.22/install/cross$ sh
buildcrosssnaphot.sh
HOST platform is unknown-linux
Building i386-linux
i386-linux FAILES
Building i386-win32
i386-win32 FAILES
[: 133: i386-linux: unexpected operator
lazarus@debian:~/Downloads/binutils-2.22/install/cross$

Im not sure what you mean by not using cross binutils. This is
probably part of the problem, however many times I read it The whole
cross compiling proccess does not make 100% sense to me. I guess if I
understood the whole process it would help me to sort it out as well.

Thanks again for the help

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TurboRascal · 2012-10-02 13:46

Quote from: Leledumbo on October 01, 2012, 09:58:19 amNote that as
oppose to the article, my installation does NOT use cross binutils, I
rely on internal assembler/linker that fpc has for those platforms. So
these two are actually the easiest ever.

That sounds very nice, could you please write some instructions for
that setup?  In the existing article or elsewhere...

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-02 15:17

QuoteI have gotten to the point in the guide where I must run
'buildcrosssnaphot.sh'Hmm... I don't use any of those scripts, but
seeing your output:
Quotelazarus@debian:~/Downloads/binutils-2.22/install/cross$ sh
buildcrosssnaphot.shseems like you're executing the script in the
wrong directory. buildcrossbinutils should be used at this step (since
you're building cross binutils). buildcrosssnaphot should be executed
on fpcbuild directory. You can try continuing the process and post
further errors here.
QuoteThat sounds very nice, could you please write some instructions
for that setup?  In the existing article or elsewhere...I'm too lazy
to edit the article for now , but here's what I did:
Download fpc source (complete one, it should have compiler directory
instead of just packages and rtl)for win32, cd to rtl and execute:
make all OS_TARGET=win32 && sudo make crossinstall OS_TARGET=win32
INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
then cd to packages and repeat the command (same arch doesn't require
different compiler)
for win64, cd to the top directory and execute: make all
OS_TARGET=win64 CPU_TARGET=x86_64 && sudo make crossinstall
OS_TARGET=win64 CPU_TARGET=x86_64 INSTALL_PREFIX=/usrNote that above
INSTALL_PREFIX assume fpc lib to be in /usr/lib/fpc. After installing,
don't forget to create symlink to /usr/lib/fpc/<fpc
version>/ppcrossx64 in /usr/bin (if you have fpc binaries there).

I have self-built script to maintain all my fpc targets when I update
from svn (currently I target i386-linux, i386-win32, x86_64-win64,
arm-linux, jvm-java and jvm-android).

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plakkies · 2012-10-03 07:40

@Leledumbo

Can I assume you use arch linux? I will then use a clean arch install
and start from scratch. just to make sure Ive done everything right
and use the latest versions.

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-03 12:10

QuoteCan I assume you use arch linux?No, I use Kubuntu. But I don't
take neither fpc nor lazarus from repository, everything is built from
source (svn), except for fpc stable version (for bootstrapping in case
current revision can't be compiled with previous one I have).

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TurboRascal · 2012-10-04 16:53

Quote from: Leledumbo on October 02, 2012, 05:17:24 pmI'm too lazy to
edit the article for now , but here's what I did:

Thanks
I might put that on wiki if I find the time. So far I've put it on my
ToDo list on the wiki. Perhaps someone does that even sooner

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plakkies · 2012-10-10 11:16

Its been a while , it seems I have all the luck. took me a while to
get kubuntu running. I guess with all the issues I find I can only
learn more.

Ive gotten the furtherest Ive been so far. I did the following
Installed kubuntu in a VM with guest additions (took way longer than I
though)
Followed
http://wiki.freepascal.org/Cross_compiling_for_Win32_under_Linux
I had a problem with "BINUTILSPATH=~/download/" as my download folder
was "Downloads" I changed the value in the file to be appropriate,
this was a bad idea, lots of errors. Changing the Downloads folder to
download solved plenty of errors.
When I got to the part about changing the fpc.cfg file I realised I
needed to install lazarus in the first place. I proceeded to do this.
Then I changed the fpc.cfg file
The next step shows to go to the Lazarus directory(i dont know where
this is) or to do a few things in the IDE. When I do those things in
the IDE I get the following two errors one after the other.

The project uses target OS=win32 and CPU=i386.
The system.ppu for this target was not found in the FPC binary
directories.
Make sure fpc is installed correctly for this target and the fpc.cfg
contains the right directories.

and

This set of options to build Lazarus is not supported by this
installation.
The directory "/usr/lib/lazarus/0.9.30.2/lcl" is not writable.
See the Lazarus website for other ways to install Lazarus.

Any ideas?
btw I love that I can copy and paste dialog boxes in linux, you cant
do that in windows

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plakkies · 2012-10-10 14:17

Update:

I chowned /usr/lib/lazarus second error is gone now.   First error is
still there

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-10 14:51

QuoteThe project uses target OS=win32 and CPU=i386.
The system.ppu for this target was not found in the FPC binary
directories. Clear enough, I guess. Do you have <fpc>/units/i386-win32
besides i386-linux? And if you do, make sure it has all i386-win32 rtl
units (and all other units you needed). And if you're sure they're all
there, post -Fu lines in your fpc.cfg.

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plakkies · 2012-10-11 04:46

Ok

The only place I find i386-win32 is
/usr/lib/lazarus/0.9.30.2/lcl/units/i386-win32
is that the right place? Im not too sure about that one.

Is this the part of fpc.cfg you wanted?

#IFDEF win32
-Fu~/cross_fpc/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/cross/units/i386-win32/
-Fu~/cross_fpc/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/cross/units/i386-win32/*
-Fu~/cross_fpc/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/cross/units/i386-win32/rtl
-XPi686-mingw32-
-FD~/cross_fpc/cross/bin
#ELSE linux
-Fu/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/units/$fpctarget
-Fu/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/units/$fpctarget/*
-Fu/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion/units/$fpctarget/rtl
#-Fu~/fpc/packages/*;~/fpc/rtl/linux
#ENDIF


and now that I've looked at the above I checked and I see that
~/cross_fpc/lib/fpc/ does not exist. ~/cross_fpc/lib exists and there
are plenty other things there as well. Could this have something to do
with me installing lazarus at the wrong stage?

Thanks for all the help

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-11 09:20

QuoteThe only place I find i386-win32 is
/usr/lib/lazarus/0.9.30.2/lcl/units/i386-win32
is that the right place? Im not too sure about that one.No, I'm asking
about FPC. So, if your normal FPC is in /usr/lib/fpc, normally you
would have /usr/lib/fpc/<fpcversion>/units/i386-linux containing rtl
and packages units. In my installation, and since it's possible (so I
don't need to ifdef my fpc.cfg), I also have
/usr/lib/fpc/<fpcversion>/units/i386-win32 for win32 cross
compilation. In case you want to use different directory, feel free
but your fpc.cfg would contain ifdef then.
QuoteIs this the part of fpc.cfg you wanted?Yes, and apparently you
already have the ifdef. Normally, you only need 1 -Fu, and it should
point to directory above + wildcard (e.g.
/usr/lib/fpc/<fpcversion>/units/i386-win32/*) because below every
directory under i386-win32 are where the .ppu and .o lie, and this is
where -Fu should point. The -XP and -FD is not really required since
by default win32 target will use internal assembler and linker, but
it's OK to have.
Quote~/cross_fpc/lib exists and there are plenty other things there as
well. Could this have something to do with me installing lazarus at
the wrong stage?I guess not, just some wrong paths, correct it to
yours. Just remember the structure above, it should be the same for
any target as long as the host is linux. I think I'll create an
article to setup a cross compilation environment on linux for any
target.

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plakkies · 2012-10-11 13:47

Ok so the problem seems to be that I dont have the relevant i386-win32
then for FPC. Once I have that I can make sure the path is correct for
that.

So the question is where do I get this i386-win32, is it the same one
as Lazarus or do I build it somehow?

Thanks again for all the help.

btw when I finally get this working does anyone know where I can put
this kubuntu snapshot so that others can benefit?

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-11 15:00

QuoteSo the question is where do I get this i386-win32, is it the same
one as Lazarus or do I build it somehow?No, you should've built it,
you did follow the wiki, right? That doing make OS_TARGET=win32
blablabla in a directory containing FPC sources...

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plakkies · 2012-10-22 07:28

I think I might be loosing it. How do I miss out a whole section. I
missed the "Cross build FPC" section in my run through. I might be
doing too many things at once.

OK so new problem. When I do this section it looks like it cant find
the source. I downloaded the source from
http://sourceforge.net/projects/freepascal/files/Source/2.6.0/ as per
the instructions. Did I get it from the right place? I was a bit
confused when looking for it. I also had to change the location in the
setup file of the source to include the version as that how it
unzipped.

Oh and its been hectic here had to take a trip to Swaziland on
business. I need to convince management to get another programmer I
think.

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-22 11:15

OK, hang in there, I'm tidying up my automatic cross build script so
it can be used by everybody.

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plakkies · 2012-10-23 13:35

Awesome, Thanks I'll be patient.

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-23 17:05

Not thoroughly tested, but seems working fine. The script must be
placed in the same place as fpc source folder. e.g. if you put it in
~/Sources/build-fpc-cross-all.sh then there should also be
~/Sources/fpc containing the full fpc source (directories: compiler,
rtl, packages, utils, etc.). Feel free to modify the script according
to your needs (bash >4.0 skill required). The script also assumes
everything from fpc.cfg (e.g. the cross assembler and linker depends
on whatever settings set in fpc.cfg).

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plakkies · 2012-10-24 10:15

Did I screw something up?

kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$ sh ./build-fpc-
cross-all.sh
./build-fpc-cross-all.sh: 11: ./build-fpc-cross-all.sh: Syntax error:
"(" unexpected
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$


Am I in the right place?

kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$ ls
build-fpc-cross-all.sh  compiler   ide        Makefile      packages 
tests
build-stamp.i386-win32  fpc-2.6.0  installer  Makefile.fpc  rtl     
 utils
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-24 13:07

QuoteDid I screw something up?Hmm... your bash version? Try breaking
down the associative array initialization, change:
Code: [Select]declare -A targets=(
  [i386-linux]="$nativeopt"
  [i386-win32]="$crossopt"
  [x86_64-win64]="$crossopt"
  [arm-linux]="CROSSOPT='$stdopt -dFPC_ARMEL'"
  [jvm-java]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
  [jvm-android]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
)to:
Code: [Select]declare -A targets
targets=(
  [i386-linux]="$nativeopt"
  [i386-win32]="$crossopt"
  [x86_64-win64]="$crossopt"
  [arm-linux]="CROSSOPT='$stdopt -dFPC_ARMEL'"
  [jvm-java]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
  [jvm-android]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
)or:
Code: [Select]declare -A targets
targets[i386-linux]="$nativeopt"
targets[i386-win32]="$crossopt"
targets[x86_64-win64]="$crossopt"
targets[arm-linux]="CROSSOPT='$stdopt -dFPC_ARMEL'"
targets[jvm-java]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
targets[jvm-android]="$crossopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1"
QuoteAm I in the right place?No, go 1 directory above.

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plakkies · 2012-10-24 14:08

Regarding bash version
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$ bash -version
bash -version
GNU bash, version 4.2.24(1)-release (i686-pc-linux-gnu)
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>

This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$


here are the results of the two changes.

kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$ sh ./build-fpc-
cross-allA.sh
./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh: 11: ./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh: declare: not
found
./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh: 12: ./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh: Syntax
error: "(" unexpected
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$ sh ./build-fpc-
cross-allB.sh
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 11: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: declare: not
found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 12: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh:
targets[i386-linux]=OPT=$stdopt: not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 13: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh:
targets[i386-win32]=CROSSOPT=$stdopt: not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 14: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh:
targets[x86_64-win64]=CROSSOPT=$stdopt: not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 15: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: targets[arm-
linux]=CROSSOPT='-g- -CX -XXs -O3 -dFPC_ARMEL': not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 16: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: targets[jvm-
java]=CROSSOPT=$stdopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1: not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 17: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: targets[jvm-
android]=CROSSOPT=$stdopt ALLOW_WARNINGS=1: not found
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 20: cd: can't cd to fpc
./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: 22: ./build-fpc-cross-allB.sh: Bad
substitution
kubuntu@kubuntu-VirtualBox:~/sources/fpc/fpc-2.6.0$

There is only one folder in ~/sources/fpc  Should I move everything
from fpc-2.6.0 there and run from there instead?

Thanks again for all the help

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marcov · 2012-10-24 19:13

So the end conclusion is that "sh" apparantly isn't "bash".

So try

bash ./thescript.sh

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BigChimp · 2012-10-24 20:04

Or just Code: [Select]chmod u+x ./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh once and
subsequently Code: [Select]./build-fpc-cross-allA.sh
Edit: 25 Oct: oops typo: chmod u+x /build... => chmod u+x ./build,
formatting

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plakkies · 2012-10-25 07:55

Just goes to show how much experience I have. I guess Im learning
plenty which is good.

Bash/sh, same thing to me apparently. I was able to run the script. It
showed way too much stuff to keep track of and took a while, I did not
notice any errors. I now have the i386-win32 folder in the right place
I think with the rtl files in the right directory.

But Im still stuck at this stage

The next step shows to go to the Lazarus directory(i dont know where
this is) or to do a few things in the IDE. When I do those things in
the IDE I get the following error.

The project uses target OS=win32 and CPU=i386.
The system.ppu for this target was not found in the FPC binary
directories.
Make sure fpc is installed correctly for this target and the fpc.cfg
contains the right directories.

I did some checking and double checking, to make sure nothing was
misspelled. In the process and by mistake I see that Lazarus is using
FPC version 2.4 instead of 2.6 which is where all the files are. I
think the solution would be to get Lazarus to use FPV V2.6. Im not
sure how to do this. I thought 2.6 was installed.

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-25 15:28

QuoteI did some checking and double checking, to make sure nothing was
misspelled. In the process and by mistake I see that Lazarus is using
FPC version 2.4 instead of 2.6 which is where all the files are. I
think the solution would be to get Lazarus to use FPV V2.6. Im not
sure how to do this. I thought 2.6 was installed.Check your symlinks,
make sure they point to the correct version of ppcXXX.

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Dibo · 2012-10-25 15:53

Nobody mentioned about Code Typhon in this topic. I'm using it from a
couple months and I'm just impressed with build-in cross-compiling
support. Those boys did realy good work. Configuration is so easy. Too
bad that Lazarus don't provide such version (I mean, installator with
cross-compile support, big IDE from CT is not important for me). I
tried configure normal lazarus to cross-compile couple of times
referring to wiki page, but I always fail. Wiki content about cross-
compile is illegible (too much sublinks to other articles). Since I
meet Code Typhon, Lazarus is really cross-compile environment for me,
previously I used virtualbox for each OS

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-25 17:33

Hold on, I think I make some mistakes regarding the quotes. Anybody
with Bash skill could help to fix?

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-26 05:03

I come up with another solution, this time it's tested thoroughly and
works*

*) at least here, hope on yours too. still, in case, anybody have
decent bash knowledge, feel free to modify the script to be better,
this quoting stuff makes me

UPDATE: Fix a little so that OPT is used instead of CROSSOPT for cpu
target same as host

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BigChimp · 2012-10-26 06:28

Thanks leledumbo, had a look at the original script and it turns out
I'm definitely not a bash guru - no ideas at all about what to change.

One more reason to get more cross compiler support into fpcup

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plakkies · 2012-10-26 11:45

I ran that script, don't see a difference. It runs and no visible
errors.

Not sure of the next step. but I'm sure there must be one. If I
compile some test code it compiles and runs but I can only find a
binary for my system.

Im thinking I have to run the step I mentioned in my last post but I
still get the same error.

The FPCv2.4.4 is also still bugging me. Im sure the about screen
should show V2.6. I have no idea how to make this happen as I though I
had installed v2.6. I dont know where the v2.4.4 comes from

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-26 13:12

QuoteI ran that script, don't see a difference. It runs and no visible
errors. The problem is in my system then, somehow bash lost the
variable passed to make. That's why I modify the code to be somewhat
redundant, but totally works. If the previous script works for you,
good then.
QuoteNot sure of the next step. but I'm sure there must be one. If I
compile some test code it compiles and runs but I can only find a
binary for my system.Add -T and -P parameters depending on your
target.
QuoteThe FPCv2.4.4 is also still bugging me. Im sure the about screen
should show V2.6. I have no idea how to make this happen as I though I
had installed v2.6. I dont know where the v2.4.4 comes fromAs I said
earlier: check your symlinks.

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plakkies · 2012-10-29 04:58

Where do I add the -T and -P paramitors?

Sorry I did not see your original post about the symlinks. Where do I
find this?

Thanks again for all the help guys. Oh and I did try Typhoon It does
not work in linux as far as I can see and when I tried in widows I
could not get it to work either. Id rather have as little to do with
windows as possible.

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plakkies · 2012-10-30 12:26

Just noticed the first instruction in the wiki

 []$ cd ~
 []$ svn co
http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpcbuild/branches/fixes_2_4/install
install


Should that not be fixes_2_6 ???

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Leledumbo · 2012-10-30 15:44

QuoteWhere do I add the -T and -P paramitors?Compiler Options->Code
Generation->Target Platform
QuoteSorry I did not see your original post about the symlinks. Where
do I find this? execute in terminal: ls -l /usr/bin/ppc*