40. IG. II, 167 vs. 6/7 (cf. vs. 2): [νεῖμαι—τὸν ἀρχιτέκτ]ονα τὸν κεχειρο[τ]ονημένο[ν] ὑπ[ὸ το]ῦ δ[ήμου τῶν τειχῶν τοῦ ἄστεως καὶ τοῦ Πειραιέως καὶ τῶν μα]κρῶν τε[ιχ]ῶν κτλ.
41. Grammatici etiam similia exhibent: οἱ δημοσίᾳ χειροτονούμενοι ἰατροὶ καὶ δημόσιοι προῖκα ἐθεράπευον: schol. ad Arist. Ach. 1030, unde habet Suidas (s. v. δημοσιεύω) vel potius Hesychius Milesius. (cf. schol. ad Arist. Eq. 650 = Suidas s. v. δημιουργοί).
43. Coniecerit quispiam ex verbis Aristotelis Polit. p. 1281b vs. 38 sqq., cum ibi legatur medicis rationem reddendam fuisse, quotannis ita factum esse et locum ad medicos publicos spectare. At totum exemplum fictum est, et medicus pro certae rei perito aliquo adhibetur.
44. i. e. athletorum in porticu Xysto. cf. Marquardt, Privatleben p. 756 cum adn. 2.
45. Anaglyphum edidit U. Koehler, AM. II, 243 et tab. XVIII; idem rectius interpretatus IG. II, 1449; cum multis aliis anaglyphis ibidem repertis descripsit v. Duhn, Arch. Zeit. 1877, 153, nr. 41; descripsit P. Girard, BCH. I, p. 163, nr. 32 et idem primus donum ab medicis dedicatum esse agnovit BCH. II, 88, sed ipse iterum an non recte coniectatum sit dubitavit L’Asclépieion d’ Athènes, p. 48, cum antea id probavisset Udalrico Koehler (IG. II, 1449), Ernesto Curtius (Stadtgesch. 211), aliis. Sed coniecturam eius tum etiam continuit A. Körte, AM. XVIII, 2371.
46. Deest autem Hygiea, quippe cui in eadem ara atque Aesculapio et una cum »patre« immolaretur. In anaglypho alio autem Atheniensi Aesculapius et Hygiea una cum Cerere adorantur: H. L. Urlichs, Bonner Jahrb. LXXXVII p. 1 sqq., tab. I.
47. De medicina non ut est sed ut esse debet Hippocrates ipse, ut videtur (cf. R. Fuchs ap. Neuburger-Pagel, Handb. d. Gesch. d. Med. I, p. 231), descriptiones reliquit, quas in scholis habuerat pro fundamento: κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον vel περὶ τῶν κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον Littré III, p. 272 sqq. Ad quas ut adumbratas tantum ab auctore Galenus perlongum commentarium scripsit, K. XVIII, 2, p. 629 sqq., et aliud quod non exstat Asclepiades (Erot. 116, 11; Gal. XVIII, 2, 660, 666).
48. Alios autem locos protulit Vercoutre l. l., p. 232 (332) sqq., qui quam improbabiles sint demonstrat A. Dechambre l. l., p. 53.
49. Citat hunc locum Becker, Charikles (ed. Göll) III, p. 62, qui composuit ibi locos de medicorum discipulis et servis. De quibus nunc nobis agendum non est, si recte existimamus nihil aut paene nihil interesse inter medicos publicos et privatos, si discipuli erudiendi aut servi adiuvantes spectantur. Sed videas A. Vercoutre l. l., p. 309 sqq., quae quamvis nobis non probentur disserere longum est.
50. Id unum obiter adnotemus προῖκα in versu 21 potius delendum esse, cum φιλοτίμως iam legatur et προῖκα in toto illo contextu minus aptum sit et cum, si adest προῖκα, litterae 40 sint in versu 21, 30 autem et 34 litterae tantum sint in versibus 27 et 28 recte totis expletis.
51. In insula quadam Hecatonnesorum, quae hodie Daskalió vocatur, longa moles marmorea (1,81 m. l., 0,37 m. alt.) inventa est, in qua editor legit ΙΧΙ ΙΑΤΡΟΙ ΤΩΝ ΠΑΘΩΝ ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΣΑΤΕ (AM. XXV, 1900, 119). Verba ἰατροὶ τῶν παθῶν πρεσβεύσατε ad trimetrum iambicum pertinere U. de Wilamowitz animadverterat. Nuper titulum cum aliis, qui omnes in epistylii fragmentis nunc in oppido Aiwaly conservatis leguntur, ita edidit Th. Wiegand (AM. XXIX (1904) p. 259): Χ(ρηστο)ῦ ἰατροὶ τῶν παθῶν πρεσβεύσατε [ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν] (sed ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν vix supplenda sunt, cf. supra). Sumit Th. Wiegand lapides esse monasterii, cuius patroni Cosmas et Damianus medici essent. Fortasse autem nosocomium erat, ut multa tum cbristiani instituerant (cf. p. 61). Certe in inonasterium Cosmae et Damiani aegroti migrabant.
52. Qui l. l. p. 237 coniecit in unoquoque oppido inde a temporibus Charondae medicinam fuisse sustentam a re publica et quibusvis rebus instructam: en un mot, chaque ville possédait un iatrium public, pourvu non seulement de medicaments, mais encore d’instruments, de lits, de meubles etc. et d’un personnel esclave pour les besoins du service; le médecin public, une fois élu, s’installait dans cet iatrium; son successeur en prenait possession de même, et par là tout s’explique, tout se comprend sans la moindre difficulté. Quae nullo modo nobis probantur, cum nihil afferatur quo nitamur cumque quae alia Hippocratis temporibus fuerint, alia Galeni confundantur. Sed medicamenta a re publica medicis publicis tradita esse ex intolerabili Rangabis coniectura sumpsit non solum Vercoutre, sed multi alii (Becker l. l., p, 57; Wescher, Rev. arch. 1863, VIII, 481) et novissimi etiam (R. Fuchs apud Neuburger et Pagel, Handb. d. Gesch. d. Med. I, 181: S. Reinach l. l., p. 1692, cf. 1698). Ille enim in titulo Euenoris, qui nunc IG. II 187 legitur, in versu 8 sqq. coniecerat (Ant. Hell. II, 35): καὶ νῦν ἐπ[ὶ τ|ῶν φαρμάκων αἱρεθε]ὶς τὴν παρασκευὴν τάλ[α]|ντον ἀνήλωσεν— Sed Graeca non sunt, et in extremis versibus 8 et 9 littera una excedit, id quod pacto nullo tolerari potest, cum titulus accurate στοιχηδόν incisus sit. U. Koehler sic partem maiorem lacunarum restituit: καὶ νῦν ἐπι|[δέδωκε......... ἐ]ὶς τὴν παρασκευὴν τάλ|[αντον ἀργυρίου]— In quibus perfectum ἐπιδέδωκε rectum videtur, cum perfecta ἀποδέδεικται, παρέσχηκεν antecedant, atque alia etiam probabilia sunt. Neque tamen mihi contigit, ut quae superest lacuna novem ipsarum litterarum explerem.
53. cf. Plato Leg. XI, 916: διαδικαζέσθω δὲ ἔν τισι τῶν ἰατρῶν, οὓς ἂν κοινῇ προβαλὸμενοι ἕλωνται. Sed non sunt publici, cum Plato nullo loco in Legibus praescripserit, ut medici publici a re publica instituerentur.
54. Falso verbum περιώματα editores interpretati sunt, falso Herwerden Lex. suppl. s. v. περίωμα. Adnotat U. de Wilamowitz περίωμα Aegyptiace esse pro πελίωμα (GGA. 1898, 6804). Sunt igitur περιώματα livores, partes pellis, quae livore sffusae sunt.
55. Quare Perrot vel qui scripsit brevia atque optima illa de archiatris (Exploration de la Galatie et la Bithynie I, 50), haec tamen ex inanibus finxisse videtur, cum scribit: L’ordo archiatrorum exerçait une surveillance légale sur les autres médecins, et ceux-ci étaient forces de lui rendre compte de leur pratique et d’accepter son contrôle; c’était lui aussi, qui devait distribuer l’instruction professionelle aux jeunes gens qui se destinaient à la médecine et qui tenait sans doute ces scholae medicorum (citat Orelli 4226 [sic], ubi autem tabularium scholae medicorum Ligorius interpolatus est: CIL. VI, 988*).
56. Alii in inscriptionibus et papyris etiam exstant ἱππιατροί, sed omnes aevi Romani: CIG. 1953 (= Lebas II, 1321, Dii in Macedonia: Οὐαλεριανὸς ἱπποϊατρὸς ὑὸς ἱπποϊατροῦ); J. H. Mordtmann, AM. XVIII (1893), 417, nr. 4 (Edessae, sed infimae aetatis, titulus christianus: Ἰόρδανος Ἰπποϊατρός); Eph. arch. 1841, nr. 602, K. Keil, Philologus XVI (1860), p. 10 (Deli: Εὔτυχος Καίσαρος ἱπποϊατρός); CIG. 5117 (in porta templi Isidis et Sarapidis in finibus imperii Romani ad Nubiam versis: Γ[ά]ιος Αὐφίδιος [ἱ]ππωϊατρός); etiam CIG. 4716d57 (in valle Foaekhir in Aegypto) mihi legendum esse videtur: τὸ προσκύνημα Λονγίνου ἱππέος καὶ τοῦ ἱππ[ο]ιατ[ροῦ] (Franz: ΙΠΠ.ΙΑΤ... τοῦ ἱππ(ικοῦ) ἰατ[ροῦ]: intellige ἰατροῦ τοῦ ἱππικοῦ medicus alae equitum); Oxyrh. Pap. I, 92 (a. p. Chr. n. 335(?), Ἀμεσύστῳ ἱπποϊατρῷ). Inest etiam in Anthol. Planud. 271 ἀδέσποτον εἰς Σώσανδρον ἱπποϊατρόν, qui cum Hippocrate comparatur.
57. v. Xen. Iust. Cyr. I, 6, 15: οἱ στρατηγοὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἕνεκεν ἰατροὺς ἐξάγουσιν. cf. Anab. III, 4, 30: ἰατροὺς κατέστησαν ὀκτώ, non veros autem medicos, sed qui idonei videbantur e militibus. Coi navibus longis etiam singulis, si solvebantur, medicum addebant. Quod demonstratur titulo Byzantii invento (Jahresh. des oesterr. Inst. I, 31 et Beibl. p. 92) in quo inter praepositos navis ultimo loco legitur ἰατρὸς.......γος Θευγένο[υ].
58. Gerusias, quae in omnibus fere Asiae Minoris urbibus aevo Romano erant, publicas esse institutiones, sed in rebus publicis gerendis et administrandis nullam fere habere potestatem contra Waddingtonem (Lebas III ad inscr. 53) et Mommsenum (RG. V 326 adn.), qui privata ea esse sodalicia volebant, nuno viri docti consentiunt: J. Lévy, Études sur la vie municipale de l’Asie Mineure REG. VIII (1895), 231 sqq. cf. Hicks, Inscr. in the Brit. Mus. III, 74 (The Ephesian Gerusia); Benndorf und Niemann, Reisen in Lykien and Karien I, 72. Inter medicorum etiam titulos unus est, quo gerusiam institutionem publicam fuisse demonstratur (nr. 42): Ῥοδιαπολειτῶν ἡ βουλὴ καὶ ὁ δῆμος καὶ ἡ γερουσία ἐτείμησαν—— —— —— Ἡράκλειτον Ἡρακλείτου Ὀρείου.
59. Cyro archiatro filio Apollonii gerusia Lampsacenorum statuam erigendam curavit (nr. 70), quia praeter multa alia beneficia gerusiae oleum in gymnasio praebuerat (ἀλείψαντα λαμπρῶς καὶ πολυδαπάνως καὶ ἀσυγκρίτως, cf. Boeckh ad CIG. 3643) et mille donaverat Atticas. Sed nullo verbo dicitur Cyrum medicum gerusiae illius fuisse.
60. Quod titulo eponymi demonstratur: ἐπὶ ναυάρχου Ἀπόλλωνίδου τοῦ Ἀνγέλου Πρωτίωνος. Nam cum magistratum eponymum rei publicae Teniorum nauarchum nominatum esse nullo testimonio affirmetur (sunt autem ἄρχοντες CJG. 2329, vs. 27; 2332, 14; ἄρχων 2338, 1; ἀρχῶν ἐπώνυμος 2339, 1; στρατηγοί 2330, 16), nihil impedit, quominus nauarchus ille ad sodalicium ipsum referalur. Vocabantur autem interdum sodalicia negotiatorum vel fabrorum συμβιώσεις, de qua re conferas Ziebarth, Griech. Vereinswesen, p. 102, ubi citatur CJG. 3639: ἡ συμβίωσις τῶν χαλκέων.
61. De didrachmis argenteis vid. supra p. 1815. Secures argenteae pars talenti et ea Cypri decem minae fuisse videntur: Hesych. s. v. πέλεκυς‧ ἀξίνη δίστομος. ἢ σταθμίον ἐξαμνιαῖον ἀρχαῖον‧ οἱ δὲ δεκάμνιαιον. idem s. v. ἡμιπέλεκον‧ τριμναῖον ἢ τετραμναῖον ἢ πεντάμνουν. τὸ γὰρ δεκάμνουν πέλεκυ καλεῖται παρὰ Παφίοις. Eustath. 1878, 57: δηλοῖ γὰρ ἡ λέξις ὁμωνυμίας λόγῳ κατὰ τοὺς παλαιοὺς καὶ σταθμὸν ἐν Κρήτῃ ἐξάμνουν ἢ δεκάμνουν. cf. A catalogue of the greek coins in the Brit. Mus., Cyprus (G. Fr. Hill) p. XXII.
62. v. Papyr. Londin. 131r. col. 8, vs. 179; Tebtunis Pap. 112 passim; Amherst Pap. 128 v., vs. 120. cf. fragm. Cratetis ap. Diog. Laert. VI, 5, 86; Vercoutre l. l. p. 242 sqq.; Becker l. l. p. 57 sqq.
63. Adiungamus, quae continuo sequuntur: Sed et obstetricem audiant, quae utique medicinam exhibere videtur. Medicos fortassis quis accipiet etiam eos, qui alicuius partis corporis vel certi doloris sanitatem pollicentur; ut puta si auricularius, si fistulae vel dentium, non tamen si incantavit, si inprecatus est, si, at vulgari verbo impostorum utar, si exorcisavit: non sunt ita medicinae genera, tametsi sint, qui hos sibi profuisse cum praedicatione adfirment. Sunt autem qui exorcizaverunt christianorum medici: cf. Harnack, Med. aus der ält. Kirchengesch., p. 68 sqq.
65. Quae verba secutus esse videtur Dionysius medicus Antiochenus, de quo scripsit Libanius ad Tatianum (ep. 911 extr. ed. Wolf): καὶ τοιοῦτος μὲν ὢν τὴν τέχνην, τοιοῦτος δὲ τὸν τρόπον τῶν πενεστέρων ἐστίν, οὐ κατὰ τὸ μὴ εἶναι τοὺς διδόντας, εἰσὶ γὰρ οἱ σεσωσμένοι, ἀλλὰ νῦν μικρῷ τινι τὴν χεῖρα ὐπεῖχεν αἰδούμενος, νῦν δὲ τὸ πᾶν διεώσατο.. Qui cum nihil nisi ea acciperet, quae sani offerunt pro obsequiis, publicus esse videtur.
66. cf. A. Toepffer, AM. XVI 430 (= Beiträge zur griechischen Altertumswissewchaft p. 221); U. Wilcken, Griech. Ostraka I, 375 sqq.; R. Herzog l. l. p. 2043.
67. edd. Α. Κοντολέων, AM. XVI (1891), 406; Th. Reinach, REG. IV, 357 sqq. Ingeniose interpretatus est A. Toepffer, AM. XVI (1891), 411 sqq. = Beiträge zur griech. Altertumswissensch. 204 sqq. cf. BCH. XVI, 162.
68. Sed cum Th. Reinach scripsis-set (REG. IV 371): On serait tenté de corriger λατρικοῦ en ἰατρικοῦ, posteri iam certius affirmabant et pro certo habebant, quae mera coniectura est.
69.Griech. Ostr. I, 3751: Da der Stein nach der Publikation ein deutliches Λ zeigt, wird man an λατρικοῦ festzuhalten haben.
70. Valebat autem artaba aetate Ptolemaeorum 39, 39l. (Hultsch, Metrologie2 625) vel 39, 39-23, 62l. (Wilcken, Ostr. I, 747).
71. Qui iatricum a Charonda inventum esse contendit (l. l. 241 sqq.). Coniecerit autem quispiam, cum leges Charondae in urbe Co receptae essent (anno 366: U. v. Wilamowitz, Arist. u. Athen. I, 6536; aliud tempus proposuit Crusius, Untersuch. zu Herondas 36), iatricum etiam ibi constitutum esse (testari autem ibi hoc tributum titulum AM. 1891, 406, vid. p. 73) et inde per alias urbes Graeciae divulgatum esse. Sed sunt vanae suspiciones. De Charonda nihil fere scimus, et titulus ille, cum λατρικοῦ legatur, adhiberi non potest. Equidem puto tributum illud tam vetustum non esse, sed saeculo quarto demum inventum.
73. Adnotat U. de Wilamowitz (Isyllos 8255): Diese Darstellung wird in den Jahrhunderten entworfen sein, aus denen wir so manche Ateliepsephismen für Ärzte haben.
74. Qui mos Graecorum vetustissimus per totam antiquitatem usque ad imperii Romani tempora extrema duravit, ut demonstrat epistula Constantini in Cod. Iust. X 66, 1 (= Th. XIII 4, 2) anni 337: artifices artium — — — ab universis muneribus vacare praecipimus, si quidem ediscendis artibus otium sit accommodandum, quo magis cupiant et ipsi peritiores fieri et suos filios erudire. Nam filios in arte, quam pater ipse edidicit, erudiendos esse patet.
75. Ut id in praetereundo adnotem, nullo modo, opinor, dubitandum est, quin in epigrammate hermae Alcamenis nuper repertae vs. 2 Ἑρμᾶν τὸν πρὸ πυλῶν dictum sit pro Ἑρμᾶν προπύλαιον (v. Conze, Sitz.-Ber. d. Berl. A. d. W. 1904, 69. Sed cf. Altmann, AM. 1904, 180). Simillimae enim sunt translationes Ἀκείλιος ἰατρῶν πρόμος pro Ἀκείλιος ἀρχιατρός et Ἑρμῆς ὁ πρὸ πυλῶν pro Ἑρμῆς προπύλαιος.
76. Hoc opusculo magna ex parte iam prelo mandate tituli medicorum autumno a. 1904 Ephesi eruti publici iuris facti sunt (J. Keil, Wiener Jahreshefte VIII (1905) p. 128 sqq.). Qui ad synhedrium supra laudatum (οἱ ἐν Ἐφέσῳ ἀπὸ τοῦ Μουσείου ἰατροὶ) pertinent (a vs. 9) et firmum id collegium fuisse in clara luce reponunt, cum magistrates eius commemorent (ἄρχων a vs. 2; γυμνασιαρχῶν τῶν ἰατρῶν ταῖς τοῦ ἀγῶνος δυσὶν ἡμέραις passim). Museum autem non Alexandrinum est, ut antea cum aliis existimavi, sed Ephesium esse alius titulus Ephesius ab Keilio editus demonstrat (p. 135: οἱ περὶ τὸ Μουσεῖον | παιδευταὶ Π. Οὐήδιον | Ἀντωνεῖνον ἀσιάρχην κτλ.). De re ipsa, certaminibus medicis ab collegio illo quotannis propositis, videas, quae exposuit Keil l. l. p. 133 sqq. Nos nonnullas nunc adnotamus res, quae eis, quae supra explanavimus, usui sunt. Commemoratur fragm. a vs. 4 aliquis ἀρχιατρὸς τὸ δ’. Qua re moderantur, quae supra p. 54 existimavimus, quamquam eodem fere tempore, quo hi tituli exarati sunt (altero p. Chr. n. saeculo), in ipsa urbe Epheso Attalus Priscus est ἀρχιατρὸς διὰ γένους (nr. 65). Medici publici Athenis saeculo a. Ch. n. tertio bis quotannis Aesculapio immolabant (v. p. 79), collegium medicorum Ephesiorum in Museo eruditorum quinque saeculis post diebus feriatis idem fecit (a vs. 9 sqq.). Tum p. 78 sq. familias nonnullas medicorum aevi Romani ostendimus. Quibus nunc familia P. Aelii Menandri archiatri adiungi potest, cum duo filii eius inter medicos praemio ornatos nominentur (d vs. 1 sqq., e vs. 1) et alius fortasse propinquus (g vs. 3 sqq.). Denique quoniam in titulis illis archiatri multi praemium certaminis abstulerunt (a vs. 6, 7; b/c vs. 5; e vs. 2; f vs. 1; h passim), archiatros sive medicos publicos inter medicos optimos fuisse comprobatur (cf. p. 50, 77).
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