[HN Gopher] Not all Chess960 positions are equally complex
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       Not all Chess960 positions are equally complex
        
       Author : MaysonL
       Score  : 54 points
       Date   : 2026-01-23 02:27 UTC (4 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arxiv.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arxiv.org)
        
       | __s wrote:
       | > indicates a slight tendency for White to face harder opening
       | decisions
       | 
       | supporting the quip "the hardest game is to win is a won game"
       | 
       | Not surprised at end re classical position not being the most
       | even configuration. In that configuration bishops & knights
       | practically start aimed at controlling center, so there's little
       | awkward properties to dampen White's initiative. One of the rooks
       | even get to castle out of the corner
       | 
       | Chess960 would be better if they just got rid of castling in it,
       | tho wouldn't be surprised if that makes for certain positions
       | getting even worse for Black
       | 
       | See also https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26066844 for
       | thought on game theory of strategy when playing perfect is
       | computationally infeasible
        
         | copper4eva wrote:
         | I can't say for 960 specifically, but for standard chess
         | getting rid of castling usually results in the players just
         | manually castling their kings. I believe that is why the move
         | was introduced in the first place. So it really doesn't
         | accomplish much except make the opening a bit more limited,
         | since they have to leave themselves a way to manually run the
         | king over one of the rooks. Usually to the short side, since
         | that's quicker. Basically makes queen side much less viable to
         | leave the king at. And queen side castling was already the
         | rarer of the two options. I imagine it would be a similar story
         | for a lot of 960 positions. I'm not sure how getting rid of
         | castling would benefit anything. In 960 you already get a lot
         | of super crazy aggressive positions with exposed kings even
         | with castling.
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | _> I can 't say for 960 specifically, but for standard chess
           | getting rid of castling usually results in the players just
           | manually castling their kings._
           | 
           | The entire design of 960 is backwards when it comes to
           | castling, because it was deliberately designed to facilitate
           | castling. This is the whole reason there are "only" 960
           | positions, as opposed to 2880 positions if our only
           | restriction is that bishops are on the opposite color (and
           | that both sides are symmetric). By reifying castling as
           | something that _must_ exist rather than a gross and
           | unfortunate hack to paper over the flaws of the standard
           | chess position, the ruleset puts the cart before horse.
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | Chess960 would also be better if both sides were asymmetrical
         | and there were novel positions for both players in every game.
         | 
         | I go to a chess event 2-3 times a month in the city where I
         | live, and there are a few of us that are big into variants and
         | play a lot of Bughouse, Crazyhouse, Racing Kings, etc. 960 is a
         | bunch of fun but asymmetrical 960 is a blast, and asymmetrical
         | Bughouse 960 / Crazyhouse 960 is the most fun and hard version
         | of chess I've ever played. There is no theory, just pure
         | tactics and reaction.
        
           | indoordin0saur wrote:
           | Probably many asymmetrical combinations are unfair to black.
           | Maybe running through combinations and simulated games with a
           | chess engine could identify ones that are fair, asymmetric
           | and fun? Then a database could be built up of these
           | combinations and it could be randomly selected to start your
           | game.
        
             | __s wrote:
             | Similar idea is randomized openings. Checkers does this
             | already. TCEC does chess AI tournaments using sharp
             | preselected openings (matchups playing 2 games, one of each
             | color)
        
             | mr_wiglaf wrote:
             | From my understanding that is exactly what this group are
             | doing: https://chess960v2.com/en
        
             | billforsternz wrote:
             | Maybe there are asymmetrical combinations that actually
             | give Black the advantage? Because Black's setup is nicely
             | harmonious and White's is clumsy. Or maybe not I'm entirely
             | unsure.
        
           | nilslindemann wrote:
           | > Chess960 would also be better if both sides were
           | asymmetrical and there were novel positions for both players
           | in every game.
           | 
           | Yes! I never understood why people are so much into Fischer
           | Random when there is also e.g. Benko's Pre Chess, where the
           | players just place their pieces on the first and eight rank
           | at the start of the game. Every player can decide to break
           | the symmetry or not. They can even set up the normal chess
           | position if they desire to do so. But for some reason today
           | only Fischer Random is played, probably because Fischer was
           | more famous than Benko. But Benko's version is more elegant,
           | the players have full control and there are more start
           | positions.
           | 
           | https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chess960-chess-
           | variants/pal...
        
             | nilslindemann wrote:
             | Also interesting: Start with an empty board and let the
             | players place their pieces and pawns however they want in
             | their half of the board, as long as the piece does not
             | attack an enemy piece.
        
       | thatfunkymunki wrote:
       | interesting that the most balanced one is extremely similar to
       | the default, which is not so:
       | 
       | > \\#198 (\texttt{QNBRKBNR})is the most balanced, with both
       | evaluation and asymmetry near zero... Remarkably, the classical
       | starting position-despite centuries of cultural selection-lies
       | far from the most balanced configuration.
        
         | copper4eva wrote:
         | That formation is pretty close to the standard position though.
         | Just swaps a Queen and Rook. It puts the Queen in the corner, a
         | less aggressive position with less options to develop. I've
         | only played a little 960, but these queen in the corner
         | positions seem to often lead into more closed positions.
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | Yeah, agree, but in the setup you mentioned, 1.b3 and 1. b4
           | are both strong moves, because it basically forces the game
           | to develop kingside from the get-go.
           | 
           | Seems the opening can get really sharp, or basically a race
           | to bunker via 1.Nf3
        
       | ummonk wrote:
       | They've defined memorization complexity as having to memorize the
       | best out of almost equally good moves (as opposed to being able
       | to play the best move without memorization because it is so
       | obvious.
       | 
       | In reality it's almost the other way around. Because white
       | usually has several good moves at every point, they can just
       | memorize one of them, while black needs to memorize how they'll
       | respond to every good move white could make.
        
       | NickC25 wrote:
       | Ironically the starting position that I've found to be the most
       | balanced for black and white is just swapping the starting square
       | of the bishops and knights.
       | 
       | It turns normally-sound opening moves like 1.d4 and 1.e4 into
       | liabilities and emphasizes the knights as blocking material to
       | occupy squares like d2 and e2 , but the tradeoff is that a early-
       | developed bishop can get a lot more active centrally via an open
       | wing.
       | 
       | Such a layout makes for a very cautious opening phase where
       | neither side really feels comfortable giving up much material.
       | Really a fascinating setup.
        
       | firasd wrote:
       | I've been analyzing classic "romantic" games using Stockfish with
       | multipv (showing the top 4-5 lines rather than just the best
       | move)
       | 
       | 1. Morphy vs. Duke of Brunswick (The Opera Game)
       | 
       | https://lichess.org/study/xAo78qLb/truC6WoM
       | 
       | 16. Qb8+.
       | 
       | This is viewed as Morphy doing a stylish Queen sacrifice
       | 
       | But if you look at the MultiPV:
       | 
       | Qb8+* leads to forced mate.
       | 
       | Qc3 or Qb7 drops the advantage significantly.
       | 
       | Qb5 actually allows equality
       | 
       | If he had played anything else, he would have been imprecise. It
       | wasn't a gamble
       | 
       | 2. D. Byrne vs. Fischer (Game of the Century)
       | 
       | https://lichess.org/study/UZlSqSLA/Ku9M59je
       | 
       | Fischer plays 17... Be6, leaving his Queen hanging.
       | 
       | Standard narrative: "Fischer offers his Queen for a mating
       | attack!"
       | 
       | Engine reality: 17... Be6 is the correct move. Trying to save the
       | Queen actually loses the advantage.
       | 
       | Byrne taking the Queen (18. Bxb6) was a massive blunder. The
       | engine actually wants Byrne to ignore the Queen and trade off
       | Fischer's Knight on c3. He ends up with a Queen stranded on a3, a
       | total spectator
        
         | TZubiri wrote:
         | This is a common theme, gambits are such depending on what your
         | level and calculation depth is.
         | 
         | The queen's gambit opening (almost inarguably a gambit as it is
         | part of a well accepted name of a second move), really isn't a
         | gambit in the sense that you can always recover the pawn,
         | however it is a gambit in the sense that you temporarily give
         | it up.
         | 
         | If we were particularly short sighted, no doubt, responding to
         | an early white bishop threat on g5 or b5 with a knight on f6 or
         | c6 would look like a gambit, as we are sacrificing the knight,
         | but lo and behold, we regain the minor piece afterwards with
         | xf6 or xc6!
         | 
         | The distinction would be whether the gambit or sacrifice is
         | solid or refutable. But it is in both cases a sacrifice.
        
         | Trufa wrote:
         | Most of the times they mean the amazement of just even
         | considering that move a couple of moves ahead and not
         | discarding that branch.
         | 
         | But yes, a true gambit could be considered something that's
         | objectively bad, but humanly makes sense.
        
         | reassess_blind wrote:
         | Qb8+ is a fairly obvious mate in 2. I don't think anyone views
         | it as a gamble.
        
           | firasd wrote:
           | Right. So I guess that's my quibble with the term sacrifice
           | (shared by Rudolf Spielmann)
           | 
           | But what's interesting to me is the counterfactual like
           | outside of these 3 queen moves he would have lost the entire
           | advantage. So it was like a tactical shot like capturing the
           | golden snitch in Harry Potter
        
             | reassess_blind wrote:
             | Sure, I get what you're saying. It's still a sacrifice, but
             | the compensation is just mate in 2, so the there's no real
             | "sacrifice" here.
             | 
             | That being said, any sacrifice that doesn't guarantee a
             | better (or at least equal) position isn't a sacrifice
             | either, it's just "hope chess", aka a bad move. In Blitz or
             | Bullet you can make the case for a "bad" sacrifice for
             | positional complexity and putting time pressure on your
             | opponent to make accurate defensive moves.
             | 
             | In the Opera game, Black just played a poor game start to
             | finish. Giving up the bishop for the knight, pushing the B
             | pawn while the king wasn't castled.
        
             | le-mark wrote:
             | I had two "brilliant" moves in one chess.com game today.
             | One was a bishop sacrifice that would have led to mate in
             | three. The other was a queenside castle that the engine
             | wanted me to do sooner. I suck at chess, although I did see
             | the bishop sacrifice as the right move. The engine rated me
             | at 1500 for the game.
        
       | TZubiri wrote:
       | "Remarkably, the classical starting position-despite centuries of
       | cultural selection-lies far from the most balanced
       | configuration."
       | 
       | Right, balance would be one of many parameters that make a game
       | popular. Complexity is even a positive aspect of a game, a simple
       | game with a simple optimal strategy would not be the most
       | popular.
       | 
       | Simplicity of rules is another parameter, the classical
       | configuration is somewhat symmetrical on the Queen King axis,
       | many candidates would provide a rather asymmetrical and hard to
       | remember initial configuration.
        
       | FergusArgyll wrote:
       | I can't get myself to enjoy chess960. So much of my understanding
       | of the game comes from pattern recognition and familiarity with
       | concepts (e.g. This structure is basically a reverse carlsbad,
       | black should play for the minority attack, white has to get a
       | kingside attack rolling and the knight to e5)
       | 
       | 960 is disorienting
        
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