[HN Gopher] AI assistance when contributing to the Linux kernel
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI assistance when contributing to the Linux kernel
        
       Author : hmokiguess
       Score  : 115 points
       Date   : 2026-04-10 18:35 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Good. The BSDs should follow suit. It is unreasonable to expect
       | any developer not to use AI in 2026.
        
       | baggy_trough wrote:
       | Sounds sensible.
        
       | ipython wrote:
       | Glad to see the common-sense rule that only humans can be held
       | accountable for code generated by AI agents.
        
         | pixel_popping wrote:
         | Literally, insane that some projects blanket-ban AI despite
         | being the human responsibility in the end.
        
           | daveguy wrote:
           | Not insane at all. Just a very useful shortcut. Not everyone
           | wants to move fast and break shit.
        
             | pixel_popping wrote:
             | I still think it's insane, why would you care about the
             | "origin" of the code as long as there is a human
             | accountable (that you can ban anyway)?
        
               | 59nadir wrote:
               | Because you don't want to deal with people who can't
               | write their own code. If they can, the rule will do
               | nothing to stop them from contributing. It'll only matter
               | if they simply couldn't make their contribution without
               | LLMs.
        
               | pixel_popping wrote:
               | So tomorrow, if a model genuinely find a bunch of real
               | vulnerabilities, you just would ignore them? that makes
               | no sense.
        
               | 59nadir wrote:
               | An LLM finding problems in code is not the same at all as
               | someone using it to contribute code they couldn't write
               | or haven't written themselves to a project. A report
               | stating "There is a bug/security issue here" is not
               | itself something I have to maintain, it's something I can
               | react to and write code to fix, then I have to maintain
               | that code.
        
               | streetfighter64 wrote:
               | If your doctor told you he used an ouija board to find
               | your diagnosis, would you care about the origin of the
               | diagnosis or just trust that he'll be accountable for it?
        
               | pixel_popping wrote:
               | If the Ouija board was powered by Opus, who knows :D
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | And yet it puts a stop to the tsunami of slop and it's pretty
           | much impossible to prove anything of value was lost.
        
             | pixel_popping wrote:
             | but why? it's a human making the PR and you can shame/ban
             | that human anyway.
        
               | yoyohello13 wrote:
               | > it's a human making the PR
               | 
               | Is it? Remember when that agent wrote a hit piece about
               | the maintainer because he wouldn't merge it's PR?
        
               | pixel_popping wrote:
               | That's a different issue actually.
        
               | podgietaru wrote:
               | Volume - things take time to review. If you're inundated
               | with so many PRs then it's harder to curate in general
        
           | tom_ wrote:
           | It no more insane than doing the opposite. This whole
           | business has yet to play itself out.
        
       | qsort wrote:
       | Basically the rules are that you can use AI, but you take full
       | responsibility for your commits and code must satisfy the
       | license.
       | 
       | That's... refreshingly normal? Surely something most people
       | acting in good faith can get behind.
        
         | galaxyLogic wrote:
         | But then if AI output is not under GNU General Public License,
         | how can it become so just because a Linux-developer adds it to
         | the code-base?
        
           | afro88 wrote:
           | Same as if a regular person did the same. They are
           | responsible for it. If you're using AI, check the code
           | doesn't violate licenses
        
             | sarchertech wrote:
             | How could you do that though? You can't guarantee that
             | there aren't chunks of copied code that infringes.
        
               | shevy-java wrote:
               | But the responsible party is still the human who added
               | the code. Not the tool that helped do so.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | In a court case the responsibility party very well could
               | be the Linux foundation because this is a foreseeable
               | consequence of allowing AI contributions. There's no
               | reasonable way for a human to make such a guarantee while
               | using AI generated code.
        
               | Chance-Device wrote:
               | It's not about the mechanism: responsibility is a social
               | construct, it works the way people say that it works. If
               | we all agree that a human can agree to bear the
               | responsibility for AI outputs, and face any consequences
               | resulting from those outputs, then that's the whole
               | shebang.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | Sure we could change the law. It would be a stupid change
               | to allow individuals, organizations, and companies to
               | completely shield themselves from the consequences of
               | risky behaviors (more than we already do) simply by
               | assigning all liability to a fall guy.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | In this case, the "fall guy" is the person who actually
               | introduced the code in question into the codebase.
               | 
               | They wouldn't be some patsy that is around just to take
               | blame, but the actual responsible party for the issue.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | Imagine your a factory owner and you need a chemical
               | delivered from across the country, but the chemical is
               | dangerous and if the tanker truck drives faster than 50
               | miles per hour it has a 0.001% chance per mile of
               | exploding.
               | 
               | You hire an independent contractor and tell him that he
               | can drive 60 miles per hour if he wants to but if it
               | explodes he accepts responsibility.
               | 
               | He does and it explodes killing 10 people. If the family
               | of those 10 people has evidence you created the
               | conditions to cause the explosion in order to benefit
               | your company, you're probably going to lose in civil
               | court.
               | 
               | Linus benefits from the increase velocity of people using
               | AI. He doesn't get to put all the liability on the people
               | contributing.
        
               | Chance-Device wrote:
               | What law exactly are you suggesting needs to be changed?
               | How is this any different from what already happens right
               | now, today?
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | Right now it's very easy not to infringe on copyrighted
               | code if you write the code yourself. In the vast majority
               | of cases if you infringed it's because you did something
               | wrong that you could have prevented (in the case where
               | you didn't do anything wrong, inducement creation is an
               | affirmative defense against copyright infringement).
               | 
               | That is not the case when using AI generated code. There
               | is no way to use it without the chance of introducing
               | infringing code.
               | 
               | Because of that if you tell a user they can use AI
               | generated code, and they introduce infringing code, that
               | was a foreseeable outcome of your action. In the case
               | where you are the owner of a company, or the head of an
               | organization that benefits from contributors using AI
               | code, your company or organization could be liable.
        
               | Chance-Device wrote:
               | It's a foreseeable outcome that humans might introduce
               | copyrighted code into the kernel.
               | 
               | I think you're looking for problems that don't really
               | exist here, you seem committed to an anti AI stance where
               | none is justified.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | A human has to willingly violate the law for that to
               | happen though. There is no way for a human to use AI
               | generated that doesn't have a chance of producing
               | copyrighted code though. That's just expected.
               | 
               | If you don't think this is a problem take a look at the
               | terms of the enterprise agreements from OpenAI and
               | Anthropic. Companies recognize this is an issue and so
               | they were forced to add an indemnification clause,
               | explicitly saying they'll pay for any damages resulting
               | in infringement lawsuits.
        
               | lo_zamoyski wrote:
               | Responsibility is an objective fact, not just some
               | arbitrary social convention. What we can agree or
               | disagree about is where it rests, but that's a matter of
               | inference, an inference can be more or less correct. We
               | might assign certain people certain responsibilities
               | before the fact, but that's to charge them with the care
               | of some good, not to blame them for things before they
               | were charged with their care.
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | Because contributions to Linux are meticulously
               | attributed to, and remain property of, their authors,
               | those authors bear ultimate responsibility. If Fred
               | Foobar sends patches to the kernel that, as it turns out,
               | contain copyrighted code, then provided upstream
               | maintainers did reasonable due diligence the court will
               | go after Fred Foobar for damages, and quite likely demand
               | that the kernel organization no longer distribute copies
               | of the kernel with Fred's code in it.
        
               | Cytobit wrote:
               | That's not going to shield the Linux organization.
        
               | cxr wrote:
               | A DCO bearing a claim of original authorship (or
               | assertion of other permitted use) isn't going to shield
               | them entirely, but it can mitigate liability and damages.
        
               | aargh_aargh wrote:
               | The practical concern of Linux developers regarding
               | responsibility is not being able to ban the author, it's
               | that the author should take ongoing care for his
               | contribution.
        
               | Andrex wrote:
               | Let me introduce you to the concept of submarine
               | patents...
        
             | martin-t wrote:
             | As opposed to an irregular person?
             | 
             | LLMs are not persons, not even legal ones (which itself is
             | a massive hack causing massive issues such as using
             | corporate finances for political gain).
             | 
             | A human has moral value a text model does not. A human has
             | limitations in both time and memory available, a model of
             | text does not. I don't see why comparisons to humans have
             | any relevance. Just because a human can do something does
             | not mean machines run by corporations should be able to do
             | it en-masse.
             | 
             | The rules of copyright allow humans to do certain things
             | because:
             | 
             | - Learning enriches the human.
             | 
             | - Once a human consumes information, he can't willingly
             | forget it.
             | 
             | - It is impossible to prove how much a human-created
             | intellectual work is based on others.
             | 
             | With LLMs:
             | 
             | - Training (let's not anthropomorphize: lossily-compressing
             | input data by detecting and extracting patterns) enriches
             | only the corporation which owns it.
             | 
             | - It's perfectly possible to create a model based only on
             | content with specific licenses or only public domain.
             | 
             | - It's possible to trace every single output byte to
             | quantifiable influences from every single input byte. It's
             | just not an interesting line of inquiry for the
             | corporations benefiting from the legal gray area.
        
             | rzmmm wrote:
             | In certain law cases plagiarization can be influenced by
             | the fact if person is exposed to the copyrighted work. AI
             | models are exposed to very large corpus of works..
        
               | cxr wrote:
               | Copyright infringement and plagiarism are not the same or
               | even very closely related. They're different concepts and
               | not interchangeable. Relative to copyright infringement,
               | cases of plagiarism are rarely a matter for courts to
               | decide or care about at all. Plagiarism is primarily an
               | ethical (and not civil or criminal) matter. Rather than
               | be dealt with by the legal system, it is the subject of
               | codes of ethics within e.g. academia, journalism, etc.
               | which have their own extra-judicial standards and methods
               | of enforcement.
        
           | panzi wrote:
           | If the output is public domain it's fine as I understand it.
        
             | galaxyLogic wrote:
             | Makes sense to me. But so anybody can take Public Domain
             | code and place it under GNU Public License (by dropping it
             | into a Linux source-code file) ?
             | 
             | Surely the person doing so would be responsible for doing
             | so, but are they doing anything wrong?
        
               | robinsonb5 wrote:
               | > Surely the person doing so would be responsible for
               | doing so, but are they doing anything wrong?
               | 
               | You're perfectly at liberty to relicense public domain
               | code if you wish.
               | 
               | The only thing you can't do is enforce the new license
               | against people who obtain the code independently - either
               | from the same source you did, or from a different source
               | that doesn't carry your license.
        
               | cwnyth wrote:
               | This is correct, and it's not limited to code. I can take
               | the story of Cinderella, create something new out of it,
               | copyright my new work, but Cinderella remains public
               | domain for someone else to do something with.
               | 
               | If I use public domain code in a project under a license,
               | the whole work remains under the license, but not the
               | public domain code.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what the hullabaloo is about.
        
               | sambaumann wrote:
               | Sqlite's source code is public domain. Surely if you
               | dropped the sqlite source code into Linux, it wouldn't
               | suddenly become GPL code? I'm not sure how it works
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | Linux code doesn't have to strictly be GPL-only, it just
               | has to be GPL-compatible.
               | 
               | If your license allows others to take the code and
               | redistribute it with extra conditions, your code can be
               | imported into the kernel. AFAIK there are parts of the
               | kernel that are BSD-licensed.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | The core thing about licenses, in general, is that they
               | only _grant_ new usage. If you can already use the code
               | because it 's public domain, they don't _further_
               | restrict it. The license, in that case, is irrelevant.
               | 
               | Remember that licenses are powered by copyright -
               | granting a license to non-copyrighted code doesn't do
               | anything, because there's no enforcement mechanism.
               | 
               | This is also why copyright reform for software
               | engineering is so important, because code entering the
               | public domain cuts the gordian knot of licensing issues.
        
             | martin-t wrote:
             | This ruling is IMO/IANAL based on lawyers and judges not
             | understanding how LLMs work internally, falling for the
             | marketing campaign calling them "AI" and not understanding
             | the full implications.
             | 
             | LLM-creation ("training") involves detecting/compressing
             | patterns of the input. Inference generates statistically
             | probable based on similarities of patterns to those found
             | in the "training" input. Computers don't learn or have
             | ideas, they always operate on representations, it's nothing
             | more than any other mechanical transformation. It should
             | not erase copyright any more than synonym substitution.
        
               | timmmmmmay wrote:
               | fortunately, you aren't only operating on
               | representations, right? lemme check my Schopenhauer right
               | quick...
        
               | supern0va wrote:
               | >LLM-creation ("training") involves detecting/compressing
               | patterns of the input.
               | 
               | There's a pretty compelling argument that this is
               | essentially what we do, and that what we think of as
               | creativity is just copying, transforming, and combining
               | ideas.
               | 
               | LLMs are interesting because that compression forces
               | distilling the world down into its constituent parts and
               | learning about the relationships between ideas. While
               | it's absolutely possible (or even likely for certain
               | prompts) that models can regurgitate text very similar to
               | their inputs, that is not usually what seems to be
               | happening.
               | 
               | They actually appear to be little remix engines that can
               | fit the pieces together to solve the thing you're asking
               | for, and we do have some evidence that the models are
               | able to accomplish things that are not represented in
               | their training sets.
               | 
               | Kirby Ferguson's video on this is pretty great:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9RYuvPCQUA
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | So? Why should it be legal?
               | 
               | If people find this cool and wanna play with it, they
               | can, just make sure to only mix compatible licenses in
               | the training data and license the output appropriately.
               | Well, the attribution issue is still there, so maybe they
               | can restrict themselves to public domain stuff. If LLMs
               | are so capable, it shouldn't limit the quality of their
               | output too much.
               | 
               | Now for the real issue: what do you think the world will
               | look like in 5 or 10 years if LLMs surpass human
               | abilities in all areas revolving around text input and
               | output?
               | 
               | Do you think the people who made it possible, who spent
               | years of their life building and maintaining open source
               | code, will be rewarded? Or will the rich reap most of the
               | benefit while also simultaneously turning us into
               | beggars?
               | 
               | Even if you assume 100% of the people doing intellectual
               | work now will convert to manual work (i.e. there's enough
               | work for everyone) and robots don't advance at all,
               | that'll drive the value of manual labor down a lot. Do
               | you have it games out in your head and believe somehow
               | life will be better for you, let alone for most people?
               | Or have yo not thought about it at all yet?
        
           | noosphr wrote:
           | Tab complete does not produce copyrightable material either.
           | Yet we don't require software to be written in nano.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | AIs are not human and therefore their output is a human
           | authored contribution and only human authored things are
           | covered by copyright. The work might hypothetically infringe
           | on other people's copyright. But such an infringement does
           | not happen until a human decides to create and distribute a
           | work that somehow integrates that generated code or text.
           | 
           | The solution documented here seems very pragmatic. You as a
           | contributor simply state that you are making the contribution
           | and that you are not infringing on other people's work with
           | that contribution under the GPLv2. And you document the fact
           | that you used AI for transparency reasons.
           | 
           | There is a lot of legal murkiness around how training data is
           | handled, and the output of the models. Or even the models
           | themselves. Is something that in no way or shape resembles a
           | copyrighted work (i.e. a model) actually distributing that
           | work? The legal arguments here will probably take a long time
           | to settle but it seems the fair use concept offers a way out
           | here. You might create potentially infringing work with a
           | model that may or may not be covered by fair use. But that
           | would be your decision.
           | 
           | For small contributions to the Linux kernel it would be hard
           | to argue that a passing resemblance of say a for loop in the
           | contribution to some for loop in somebody else's code base
           | would be anything else than coincidence or fair use.
        
             | ninjagoo wrote:
             | IANAL; this is what my limited understanding of the matter
             | is. With that caveat: it is easy to forget that copyright
             | is on output- verbatim or exact reproductions and
             | derivatives of a covered work are already covered under
             | copyright.
             | 
             | So if the AI outputs Starry Night or Starry Night in
             | different color theme, that's likely infringement without
             | permission from van Gogh, who would have recourse against
             | _someone_ , either the user or the AI provider.
             | 
             | But a starry-night style picture of an aquarium might not
             | be infringing at all.
             | 
             | >For small contributions to the Linux kernel it would be
             | hard to argue that a passing resemblance of say a for loop
             | in the contribution to some for loop in somebody else's
             | code base would be anything else than coincidence or fair
             | use.
             | 
             | I would argue that if it was a verbatim reproduction of a
             | copyrighted piece of software, that would likely be
             | infringing. But if it was similar only in style, with
             | different function names and structure, probably not
             | infringing.
             | 
             | Folks will argue that some things might be too small to do
             | any different, for example a tiny snippet like python
             | print("hello") or 1+1=2 or a for loop in your example. In
             | that case it's too lacking in original expression to
             | qualify for copyright protection anyway.
        
             | Lerc wrote:
             | _> AIs are not human and therefore their output is a human
             | authored contribution and only human authored things are
             | covered by copyright._
             | 
             | That is a non sequitur. Also, I'm not sure if copyright
             | applies to humans, or persons (not that I have encountered
             | particularly creative corporations, but Taranaki Maunga has
             | been known for large scale decorative works)
        
             | nitwit005 wrote:
             | That you can't copyright the AI's output (in the US, at
             | least), doesn't imply it doesn't contain copyrighted
             | material. If you generate an image of a Disney character,
             | Disney still owns the copyright to that character.
        
         | shevy-java wrote:
         | But why should AI then be attributed if it is merely a tool
         | that is used?
        
           | plmpsu wrote:
           | it makes sense to keep track of what model wrote what code to
           | look for patterns, behaviors, etc.
        
           | streetfighter64 wrote:
           | It isn't?
           | 
           | > AI agents MUST NOT add Signed-off-by tags. Only humans can
           | legally certify the Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO).
           | 
           | They mention an Assisted-by tag, but that also contains stuff
           | like "clang-tidy". Surely you're not interpreting that as
           | people "attributing" the work to the linter?
        
           | lonelyasacloud wrote:
           | Having an honesty based tag could be only way to monitor
           | impact or get after a fix in code bases if things go south.
           | 
           | That is at the moment: - Nobody knows for sure what agents
           | might add and their long term effects on codebases.
           | 
           | - It's at best unclear that AI content in a codebase can be
           | reliably determined automatically.
           | 
           | - Even if it's not malicious, at least some of its
           | contributions are likely to be deleterious and pass
           | undetected by human review.
        
       | dataviz1000 wrote:
       | This is discussed in the Linus vs Linus interview, "Building the
       | PERFECT Linux PC with Linus Torvalds". [0]
       | 
       | [0] https://youtu.be/mfv0V1SxbNA?si=CBnnesr4nCJLuB9D&t=2003
        
       | newsoftheday wrote:
       | > All code must be compatible with GPL-2.0-only
       | 
       | How can you guarantee that will happen when AI has been trained a
       | world full of multiple licenses and even closed source material
       | without permission of the copyright owners...I confirmed that
       | with several AI's just now.
        
         | tmp10423288442 wrote:
         | Wait for court cases I suppose - not really Linus Torvalds' job
         | to guess how they'll rule on the copyright of mere training.
         | Presumably having your AI actually consult codebases with
         | incompatible licenses at runtime is more risky.
        
         | philipov wrote:
         | You take responsibility. That means if the AI messes up, you
         | get punished. No pushing blame onto the stupid computer. If
         | you're not comfortable with that, don't use the AI.
        
           | sarchertech wrote:
           | There's no reasonable way for you to use AI generated code
           | and guarantee it doesn't infringe.
           | 
           | The whole use it but if it behaves as expected, it's your
           | fault is a ridiculous stance.
        
             | philipov wrote:
             | If you think it's an unacceptable risk to use a tool you
             | can't trust when your own head is on the line, you're
             | right, and you shouldn't use it. You don't have to
             | guarantee anything. You just have to accept punishment.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | That's just it though it's not just your head. The
               | liability could very likely also fall on the Linux
               | foundation.
               | 
               | You can't say "you can do this thing that we know will
               | cause problems that you have no way to mitigate, but if
               | it does we're not liable". The infringement was a
               | foreseeable consequence of the policy.
        
               | philipov wrote:
               | This policy effectively punts on the question of what
               | tools were used to create the contribution, and states
               | that regardless of how the code was made, only humans may
               | be considered authors.
               | 
               | From the foundation's point of view, humans are just as
               | capable of submitting infringing code as AI is. If your
               | argument is sound, then how can Linux accept contributors
               | at all?
               | 
               | EDIT: To answer my own question:
               | Instead of a signed legal contract, a DCO is an
               | affirmation that a certain person confirms that it is
               | (s)he who holds legal liability for the act of sending of
               | the code, that makes it easier to shift liability to the
               | sender of the code in the case of any legal litigation,
               | which serves as a deterrent of sending any code that can
               | cause legal issues.
               | 
               | This is how the Foundation protects itself, and the
               | policy is that a contribution must have a human as the
               | person who will accept the liability if the foundation
               | comes under fire. The effectiveness of this policy (or
               | not) doesn't depend on how the code was created.
        
               | empath75 wrote:
               | The only lawsuits so far have been over training on open
               | source software. You're inventing a liability problem
               | that essentially does not exist.
        
               | streetfighter64 wrote:
               | Yeah, but that's not a useful thing to do because not
               | everybody thinks about that or considers it a problem. If
               | somebody's careless and contributes copyrighted code,
               | that's a problem for linux too, not only the author.
               | 
               | For comparison, you wouldn't say, "you're free to use a
               | pair of dice to decide what material to build the bridge
               | out of, as long as you take responsibility if it falls
               | down", because then of course somebody would be careless
               | enough to build a bridge that falls down.
               | 
               | Preventing the problem from the beginning is better than
               | ensuring you have somebody to blame for the problem when
               | it happens.
        
               | philipov wrote:
               | It was already necessary to solve the problem of _humans_
               | contributing infringing code. It was solved by having
               | contributors assume liability with a DCO. The policy
               | being discussed today asserts that, because AI may not be
               | held legally liable for its contributions, AI may not
               | sign a DCO. A human signature is required. This puts the
               | situation back to what it was with human contributors.
               | What you are proposing goes beyond maintaining the status
               | quo.
        
             | adikso wrote:
             | Their position is probably that LLM technology itself does
             | not require training on code with incompatible licenses,
             | and they probably also tend to avoid engaging in the
             | philosophical debate over whether LLM-generated output is a
             | derivative copy or an original creation (like how humans
             | produce similar code without copying after being exposed to
             | code). I think that even if they view it as derivative,
             | they're being pragmatic - they don't want to block LLM use
             | across the board, since in principle you can train on
             | properly licensed, GPL-compatible data.
        
           | newsoftheday wrote:
           | > That means if the AI messes up
           | 
           | I'm not talking about maintainability or reliability. I'm
           | talking about legal culpability.
        
       | dec0dedab0de wrote:
       | _All code must be compatible with GPL-2.0-only_
       | 
       | Am I being too pedantic if I point out that it is quite possible
       | for code to be compatible with GPL-2.0 and other licenses at the
       | same time? Or is this a term that is well understood?
        
         | philipov wrote:
         | GPL-2.0-only is the name of a license. One word. It is an
         | alternative to GPL-2.0-or-later.
        
         | compyman wrote:
         | You might be being too pedantic :)
         | 
         | https://spdx.org/licenses/GPL-2.0-only.html It's a specific GPL
         | license (as opposed to GPL 2.0-later)
        
       | martin-t wrote:
       | This feels like the OSS community is giving up.
       | 
       | LLMs are lossily-compressed models of code and other text (often
       | mass-scraped despite explicit non-consent) which has licenses
       | almost always requiring attribution and very often other
       | conditions. Just a few weeks ago a SOTA model was shown to
       | reproduce non-trivial amounts of licensed code[0].
       | 
       | The idea of intelligence being emergent from compression is
       | nothing new[1]. The trick here is giving up on completeness and
       | accuracy in favor of a more probabilistic output which
       | 
       | 1) reproduces patterns and interpolates between patterns of
       | training data while not always being verbatim copies
       | 
       | 2) serves as a heuristic when searching the solution-space which
       | is further guided by deterministic tools such as compilers,
       | linters, etc. - the models themselves quite often generate
       | complete nonsense, including making up non-existent syntax in
       | well-known mainstream languages such as C#.
       | 
       | I strongly object to anthropomorphising text transformers (e.g.
       | "Assisted-by"). It encourages magical thinking even among people
       | who understand how the models operate, let alone the general
       | public.
       | 
       | Just like stealing fractional amounts of money[3] should not be
       | legal, violating the licenses of the training data by reusing
       | fractional amounts from each should not be legal either.
       | 
       | [0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47356000
       | 
       | [1]: http://prize.hutter1.net/
       | 
       | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA_effect
       | 
       | [3]: https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/14925/has-a-
       | pro...
        
         | tmp10423288442 wrote:
         | On https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47356000, it looks like
         | the user there was intentionally asking about the
         | implementation of the Python chardet library before asking it
         | to write code, right? Not surprising the AI would download the
         | library to investigate it by default, or look for any installed
         | copies of `chardet` on the local machine.
        
           | martin-t wrote:
           | The comment says "Opus 4.6 without tool use or web access"
        
         | KK7NIL wrote:
         | > I strongly object to anthropomorphising text transformers
         | (e.g. "Assisted-by").
         | 
         | I don't think this is anthropomorphising, especially
         | considering they also include non-LLM tools in that "Assisted-
         | by" section.
         | 
         | We're well past the Turing test now, whether these things are
         | actually sentient or not is of no pragmatic importance if we
         | can't distinguish their output from a sentient creature,
         | especially when it comes to programming.
        
           | martin-t wrote:
           | Would you say "assisted by vim" or "assisted by gcc"?
           | 
           | It should be either something like "(partially/completely)
           | generated by" or if you want to include deterministic tools,
           | then "Tools-used:".
           | 
           | The Turing test is an interesting thought experiment but
           | we've seen it's easy for LLMs to sound human-like or make
           | authoritative and convincing statements despite being
           | completely wrong or full of nonsense. The Turing test is not
           | a measure of intelligence, at least not an artificial one.
           | (Though I find it quite amusing to think that the point at
           | which a person chooses to refer to LLMs as intelligence is
           | somewhat indicative of his own intelligence level.)
           | 
           | > whether these things are actually sentient or not is of no
           | pragmatic importance if we can't distinguish their output
           | from a sentient creature, especially when it comes to
           | programming
           | 
           | It absolutely makes a difference: you can't own a human but
           | you can own an LLM (or a corporation which is IMO equally
           | wrong as owning a human).
           | 
           | Humans have needs which must be continually satisfied to
           | remain alive. Humans also have a moral value (a positive one
           | - at least for most of us) which dictates that being rendered
           | unable to remain alive is wrong.
           | 
           | Now, what happens if LLMs have the same legal standing as
           | humans and are thus able to participate in the economy in the
           | same manner?
        
             | zbentley wrote:
             | If a linter insists on a weird line of code, I'm probably
             | commenting that line as "recommended by whatever-linter",
             | yes.
        
         | ninjagoo wrote:
         | > Just like stealing fractional amounts of money[3] should not
         | be legal, violating the licenses of the training data by
         | reusing fractional amounts from each should not be legal
         | either.
         | 
         | I think you'll find that this is not settled in the courts,
         | depending on how the data was obtained. If the data was
         | obtained legally, say a purchased book, courts have been
         | finding that using it for training is fair use ( _Bartz v.
         | Anthropic, Kadrey v. Meta_ ).
         | 
         | Morally the case gets interesting.
         | 
         | Historically, there was no such thing as copyright. The English
         | 1710 Statute of Anne establishing copyright as a public law was
         | titled 'for the Encouragement of Learning' and the US
         | Constitution said Congress may secure exclusive rights to
         | promote the progress of science and useful arts; so essentially
         | public benefits driven by the grant of private benefits.
         | 
         | There is an argument to be made that authors have a claim in a
         | pre-post-scarcity economy where they have to fend for
         | themselves for a living, and so without copyrights they would
         | not be inclined to generate original works (we'll leave aside
         | the case of the driven creators that create because they want
         | to). But again, that's the same public benefit argument.
         | 
         | In a post-scarcity economy, that moral case is weaker. There's
         | no dependency for livelihood, so what benefit copyright? The
         | matter then shifts to credit/attribution, integrity of the
         | work, respect, reputation etc. So more like an MIT or Apache
         | 2.0 license, essentially.
         | 
         | That's a long winded way of saying: if you didn't have to eat,
         | do you care who copies your work as long as you get credited?
         | 
         | The more the people that copy your work with attribution, the
         | more famous you'll be. Now _that 's_ the _currency of the
         | future_.
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | Fork the kernel!
       | 
       | Humans for humans!
       | 
       | Don't let skynet win!!!
        
         | aruametello wrote:
         | > Fork the kernel!
         | 
         | pre "clanker-linux".
         | 
         | I am more intrigued by the inevitable Linux distro that will
         | refuse any code that has AI contributions in it.
        
       | sarchertech wrote:
       | This does nothing to shield Linux from responsibility for
       | infringing code.
       | 
       | This is essentially like a retail store saying the supplier is
       | responsible for eliminating all traces of THC from their hemp
       | when they know that isn't a reasonable request to make.
       | 
       | It's a foreseeable consequence. You don't get to grant yourself
       | immunity from liability like this.
        
         | SirHumphrey wrote:
         | Quite a lot of companies use and release AI written code, are
         | they all liable?
        
           | sarchertech wrote:
           | 1. Almost definitely if discovered
           | 
           | 2. Infringement in closed source code isn't as likely to be
           | discovered
           | 
           | 3. OpenAI and Anthropic enterprise agreements agree to
           | indemnify (pay for damages essentially) companies for
           | copyright issues.
        
           | nitwit005 wrote:
           | Yep, and honestly it's going to come up with things other
           | than lawsuits.
           | 
           | I've worked at a company that was asked as part of a merger
           | to scan for code copied from open source. That ended up being
           | a major issue for the merger. People had copied various C
           | headers around in odd places, and indeed stolen an odd bit of
           | telnet code. We had to go clean it up.
        
       | lowsong wrote:
       | At least it'll make it easy to audit and replace it all in a few
       | years.
        
       | spwa4 wrote:
       | Why does this file have an extension of .rst? What does that even
       | mean for the fileformat?
        
         | adikso wrote:
         | reStructuredText. Just like you have .md files everywhere.
        
         | jdreaver wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReStructuredText
         | 
         | This format really took off in the Python community in the
         | 2000's for documentation. The Linux kernel has used it for
         | documentation as well for a while now.
        
       | the_biot wrote:
       | Linux has fallen. Linus Torvalds is now just another vibe coder.
       | I give it less than a year, or maybe a month, until Linux gets
       | vibe-coded patches approved by LLMs.
       | 
       | Open source is dead, having had its code stolen for use by vibe-
       | coding idiots.
       | 
       | Make no mistake, this is the end of an era.
        
         | _blaise_ wrote:
         | Linus is the original vibe coder. He barks orders at cadre of
         | human contributor agents and subsystem maintainer agents until
         | the code looks the way he likes.
        
       | ninjagoo wrote:
       | > Signed-Off ...       > The human submitter is responsible for:
       | > Reviewing all AI-generated code         > Ensuring compliance
       | with licensing requirements         > Adding their own Signed-
       | off-by tag to certify the DCO         > Taking full
       | responsibility for the contribution            > Attribution: ...
       | Contributions should include an Assisted-by tag in the following
       | format:
       | 
       | Responsibility assigned to where it should lie. Expected no less
       | from Torvalds, the progenitor of Linux and Git. No demagoguery,
       | no b*.
       | 
       | I am sure that this was reviewed by attorneys before being
       | published as policy, because of the copyright implications.
       | 
       | Hopefully this will set the trend and provide definitive guidance
       | for a number of Devs that were not only seeing the utility behind
       | ai assistance but also the acrimony from some quarters, causing
       | some fence-sitting.
        
       | themafia wrote:
       | > All contributions must comply with the kernel's licensing
       | requirements:
       | 
       | I just don't think that's realistically achievable. Unless the
       | models themselves can introspect on the code and detect any
       | potential license violations.
       | 
       | If you get hit with a copyright violation in this scheme I'd be
       | afraid that they're going to hammer you for negligence of this
       | obvious issue.
        
       | NetOpWibby wrote:
       | inb4 people rage against Linux
        
       | KhayaliY wrote:
       | We've seen in the past, for instance in the world of compliance,
       | that if companies/governments want something done or make a
       | mistake, they just have a designated person act as scapegoat.
       | 
       | So what's preventing lawyers/companies having a batch of people
       | they use as scapegoats, should something go wrong?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2026-04-10 23:00 UTC)