[HN Gopher] Ah, peptides. where to begin?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ah, peptides. where to begin?
        
       Author : A_D_E_P_T
       Score  : 64 points
       Date   : 2026-04-06 21:22 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
       | Lowe has a point, but the FDA has painted itself into a corner by
       | (a) forcing up the costs and the various bureaucratic demands
       | associated with clinical trials, (b) allowing drug advertising ,
       | but then forcing those comical "may cause death" disclaimers,
       | both of which have become totally ubiquitous, and (c)
       | inconsistently following its own rules, and in some cases
       | flouting its own rules.
       | 
       | At this point, broscience is considered no less valid than actual
       | clinical trials, and the FDA should blame itself for this. Not
       | "human nature being what it is in this fallen world" in a sort of
       | general or abstract sense.
       | 
       | Another point I could raise is that telemedicine has turned the
       | entire prescription system into nothing more than a parasitic
       | middleman/gatekeeper.
       | 
       | FDA reform is _very_ badly necessary. That ought to come before
       | harsher enforcement, and I think that much of the populace
       | already intuitively understands this.
        
         | jmye wrote:
         | > Another point I could raise is that telemedicine has turned
         | the entire prescription system into nothing more than a
         | parasitic middleman/gatekeeper.
         | 
         | I'm curious what you mean by this. I'm not sure what you mean
         | by "prescription system" specifically.
        
           | tastyfreeze wrote:
           | Go to doctor, get prescription for restricted medicine, pick
           | up prescription.
           | 
           | If you can call up a teledoc and they give you a prescription
           | based on your description why could you not just go buy the
           | meds yourself without a prescription. You have essentially
           | diagnosed yourself and just asked the doctor for permission
           | to buy the drug you want.
        
           | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
           | I'll give you a case in point. This article was discussed the
           | other day:
           | 
           | > https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/02/technology/ai-billion-
           | dol...
           | 
           | People want GLP-1 drugs. They can't get them without a
           | prescription. They pay $$$ to a "telemedicine" "doctor",
           | recite a list of well-known symptoms, and buy the
           | prescription.
           | 
           | The system is that you can't buy these drugs without the
           | piece of paper, and the piece of paper is basically something
           | that anybody can buy regardless of whether or not they
           | actually need the drug. Wanting it is usually enough.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | I think access is a good thing. The issue isn't with
             | telemedicine but the fact that there's a prescription wall
             | for helpful meds like GLP-1 in a country where we've failed
             | people by creating one of the worst food environments.
             | 
             | Also, most doctor's visits aren't any different from
             | getting it if you want it except it's gated on the
             | mood/attitude of the doctor, maybe your ability to sell
             | some sob story. And then you book a different doctor until
             | you get it. Telemedicine just makes the process easier an
             | arbitrary system.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | GLP-1 prescriptions are _easy_ to get in the US. It 's
               | _filling the prescription_ that is the problem, because
               | insurance rarely covers it and it is beyond the
               | disposable income of most Americans.
               | 
               | The prescription hurdle is absolutely necessary -- these
               | are not drugs that anyone can safely take without
               | guidance. It's the price that needs to be fixed.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | I know a lot of people on GLP-1 meds and even took a dose
               | myself out of curiosity.
               | 
               | You take a dose every two weeks. And if you accidentally
               | double dose because you misread 1U to mean 1 dose, it
               | just gives you some nausea.
               | 
               | Are we going to pretend it's hard to take this drug now
               | too? Or that the doctor has some magical insight into
               | your getting-on? Remember to eat. That's it. I guess a
               | few people might need the doctor to go "you're eating,
               | right?" but I don't believe in infantilizing everyone
               | over that.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | One dose is one thing -- but there are other risks that
               | can lead to complication or death here if taken
               | improperly for a long period of time. Musculoskeletal
               | issues, cardiac issues, thyroid issues, etc.
               | 
               | Additionally, getting the correct dose is not
               | straightforward for a layperson as it is for other OTC
               | drugs with standard doses.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | There are similar risks, and probably more likely, to all
               | sorts of consumables that aren't regulated at all. It is
               | reasonable to ask whether the prescription regime for
               | GLP-1s makes sense. It isn't the only substance posing
               | that conundrum! Ondansetron is OTC in a lot of countries,
               | but not in the US, Canada, or UK. But ondansetron is
               | arguably less dangerous and more helpful than
               | pseudoephedrine.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Pseudoephedrine, of course, isn't BTC because it's
               | dangerous to take or complicated to dose. It's there
               | because of the war on drugs. But I do agree that not all
               | drugs are regulated appropriately. Marijuana also comes
               | to mind.
               | 
               | I do think GLP-1s are just about right. It is appropriate
               | to take them under personalized professional guidance.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Right, and I actually see the logic of that (unlike
               | virtually everyone else on HN, and let's not rekindle
               | that debate; the search bar avails). The point is you
               | don't need a prescription to get it. People might be
               | better off if GLP1s were also BTC. Hard to say!
               | 
               | Certainly you can abuse a GLP1 and get yourself very
               | sick, or not abuse it and still end up with pancreatitis.
               | But smoking and alcohol presumably cause way more cases
               | of pancreatitis, and you don't need a script for a handle
               | of Popov.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | There used to be prescriptions for alcohol products and
               | cigarettes have been sold as medical products -- the
               | reason we accept them in society today is not because we
               | think they have relative less risk to other things, but
               | that their acceptance as recreational vices outweighs the
               | harm that we know they cause.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | > Or that the doctor has some magical insight into your
               | getting-on beyond a couple questions they ask you in your
               | visit? Remember to eat. That's it.
               | 
               | Apparently we have forgotten people who died from eating
               | disorders (previously called anorexia nervosa)?
               | 
               | There is a _VAST_ difference between someone who weighs
               | 300lbs asking for GLP-1 to combat morbidity and someone
               | who is barely 100lbs asking for a GLP-1 to take off
               | weight for bikini season. _That 's_ what needing to ask a
               | doctor for a prescription is for.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > You take a dose every two weeks
               | 
               | Weekly, if you are following guidelines correctly. The
               | half-life of most GLP1 peptides is 5-6 days.
               | 
               | I otherwise agree with your point entirely. Though
               | anecdotally, I may have given my brother-in-law a single
               | small vial of tirzepatide at his request so that he could
               | experience it, and the results were ... not good. Turns
               | out he's an idiot, thought that 'more is better',
               | 'drinking enough water is for weenies', and 'I am not an
               | alcoholic even though I get plowed most evenings.' All
               | against my very specific advice on how to give it a try.
               | Whoops.
               | 
               | My fault, yes, I should have realized he was too stupid
               | to do it without adult supervision. He made himself so
               | sick he almost went to the ER. Nothing really dangerous,
               | of course, tirzepatide is pretty safe stuff, but
               | overdosing on it can make you feel _very_ shitty for a
               | few days until the blood concentration drops.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | > The prescription hurdle is absolutely necessary
               | 
               | You're totally missing the point thought. The
               | prescription hurdle effectively does not exist. It's just
               | a paywall.
               | 
               | You pay your $100, get a 3 minute call with a
               | NP/PA/whomever, and basically the robot writes you a
               | prescription for whatever you want. The point is you pay
               | and you get the prescription. Patient safety has nothing
               | to do with anything.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | It's cheaper for most people to get the prescription
               | written at a PCP.
               | 
               | The advantage to a telehealth is not getting the
               | prescription written -- it's that they'll fill it for
               | cheap through a tiny compounding pharmacy that is making
               | it, technically illegally, but are small enough to be off
               | the FDAs enforcement radar for the moment.
        
           | ai_critic wrote:
           | I take certain medications--nothing interesting, nothing
           | controlled, nothing abusable. I have to deal with _a whole
           | thing_ just to get refills, because my PCP forces me to come
           | in every time--and even that is now just a telehealth call
           | that is annoying.
           | 
           | In Mexico, for meds like mine, you can just buy them at the
           | pharmacy. There's no reason for all this nonsense.
           | 
           | (Edit: same PCP refused to prescribe GLP-1s early, without
           | any scientific or medical reason not to. Delayed my
           | weightloss by months until I found a place that would.)
        
           | pedalpete wrote:
           | The "perscription system" used to be that you'd have to go
           | see a doctor, the doctor knew who you were, and would make
           | decisions on what prescriptions/medications you should be
           | given.
           | 
           | Due to drug advertising rules, the prescription system has
           | been turned on its head, and the patient now goes to their
           | doctor asking for a specific prescription.
           | 
           | Telemedicine took advantage of this and has effectively
           | removed the middleman (the doctor) in many cases and you just
           | sign-up look at a person on a camera, and get your drugs sent
           | to you.
        
           | phil21 wrote:
           | > I'm curious what you mean by this. I'm not sure what you
           | mean by "prescription system" specifically.
           | 
           | They basically operate as a "pay for a prescription" service.
           | 
           | Figure out what drug you want, google the drug name and
           | telehealth. You will be marketed in a wink wink sort of
           | manner over how easy it is to get them, just hours away! Then
           | if you are not a total idiot, you answer certain questions in
           | the right manner on the intake form, the doctor (usually
           | NP/PA or similar for most things) will quickly run through
           | that and expect you to answer correctly - perhaps guide you a
           | bit if you don't.
           | 
           | 5 minutes later you have a prescription in the web portal and
           | it's sent to your pharmacy of choice.
           | 
           | It really shows how the whole "permission slip" program is
           | BS. I've used these services a couple times vs. my normal
           | doctor just to save time and expense of an office visit. If I
           | can click some buttons, have a call 30 minutes later, and be
           | on my way to the pharmacy for $50 it's sometimes the path I
           | take now vs. traditional route.
           | 
           | Someone used to the traditional doctor/patient relationship
           | thing and prescriptions being "holy" would be shocked at how
           | easy and gamed it all is.
        
         | cwmoore wrote:
         | When medicine ignores nutrition entirely, and nutrient
         | supplements are _still_ complete unknowns, you have to wonder
         | who the FDA is working for.
        
           | Simulacra wrote:
           | But there's a core problem with this, in many states doctors
           | are legally forbidden to give nutrition advice. The academy
           | of nutrition and dietetics has worked very hard to make it so
           | that only dietitians can provide nutrition advice. Take Ohio
           | for example, a medical doctor in Ohio is legally forbidden
           | and actually in jeopardy of losing their license and going to
           | jail if they were to provide nutrition advice without a
           | dietetics license. Dietitians are not doctors, but the
           | academy of nutrition and dietetics wants you to think they
           | are.
        
             | secabeen wrote:
             | Mmmm, regulatory capture and rent seeking. Will it ever
             | end?
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | Aren't doctors actually exempted specifically from such
             | regulations in almost all states? AFAIK they can actually
             | give nutritional advice legally in nearly every
             | jurisdiction in the US.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | > Dietitians are not doctors
             | 
             | And doctors are not dietitians.
             | 
             | Doctors in the US receive an average of under 20 hours of
             | training in nutrition over four years of medical school.
             | What little they do receive is often focused on nutrient
             | deficiencies rather than on meal planning for health and
             | chronic disease prevention. Less than 15% of residency
             | programs include anything on nutrition.
             | 
             | To become a registered dietician requires at least a
             | Master's degree in dietetics or nutrition or a related
             | field, and at least 1000 hours of supervised internships.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | You don't have to wonder. It's public record that 45% of the
           | FDA's budget incomes from user fees that companies pay when
           | they apply for approval of a medical device or drug.
           | 
           | In the drug division specifically, the number is about 75%.
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | Medicine doesn't ignore nutrition, you just don't like the
           | answers.
           | 
           | And it shows on the research: e.g. does creatine help muscle
           | building? No.[1] But cue some anecdote from someone where
           | they also changed a dozen other things at the same time but
           | are sure it was that.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.unsw.edu.au/newsroom/news/2025/03/sports-
           | supplem...
        
         | GenerWork wrote:
         | To your first point, if you know where to look, you can get
         | tens of vials of GLP-1s that have much higher dosing per vial
         | for cheaper than you can get a third of the amount on the grey
         | market. A lot of these sites even have purity testing to soothe
         | consumers worries that they're getting garbage. For your third
         | point, you have the FDA limiting HGH, yet you can buy the
         | growth horomone releasing factor peptides (tesamorelin,
         | sermorelin, ipamorelin) after doing a simple Google search.
         | 
         | As for broscience, moving into peptides was a logical next step
         | after exhausting anabolic steroid "research". In fact, I'd say
         | that biohackers are actually behind the bros when it comes to
         | trying various peptides out and documenting experiences.
        
       | Bender wrote:
       | It seems we are treating Peptides like drugs here. It's my
       | opinion that amino acids regardless of how they are chained do
       | not belong under and stricter regulation than food given I eat
       | peptides every day from my food. Then again I do not believe in
       | the concept of prescription drugs. Everything with a NDC code
       | should be at the grocery store and I should be able to stock up
       | on it without permission especially given how fragile global
       | shipping is these days. Drugs risks do not enter into the picture
       | given the fact I can buy ammonia and bleach along with a myriad
       | of other dangerous compounds. Worse, I could crush up apple seeds
       | from the veggie isle. One can also make just about anything using
       | fourth thieves vinegar. Maybe put expensive high demand things
       | like cocaine behind locked glass along with the underwear and
       | condoms.
       | 
       | As a side note more dangerous than any drug is stopping a
       | prescription drug cold turkey. Watch what happens when global
       | trade to/from China and India are cut off for a year. Attitudes
       | will change.
        
         | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
         | > _given I eat peptides every day from my food_
         | 
         | This is briefly addressed in the article, but basically it's
         | one thing to eat a peptide and quite another thing to inject
         | it. Your digestive system is extremely adroit at taking
         | peptides and proteins and breaking them down into individual
         | amino acids, which are then absorbed via "transporters" in the
         | gut. (e.g. SLC6A14 for glutamate and cysteine.)
         | 
         | If you eat insulin, absolutely nothing will happen. If you
         | inject just a little bit too much, you're dead.
         | 
         | So, generally: Ingested proteins/peptides aren't drug-like,
         | whereas they can be extremely potent drugs if administered via
         | injection.
         | 
         | Granted, there are exceptions. If you accidentally get a drop
         | of botox into your mouth, you'll be okay, but if you drink a
         | vial, you'll be poisoned. And people have been trying to make
         | orally-active peptides and proteins for decades, with some
         | noteworthy successes, however few and far between in the
         | general case.
        
           | Bender wrote:
           | I agree with some of this. There are most certainly orally
           | active peptides such as BPC-157 and its replacement PDA penta
           | deca arginate that can repair the gut and still circulate
           | throughout the body especially in those with leaky gut.
           | People with leaky gut should be able to buy a clean source of
           | BPC-157 or PDA without a prescription and without visiting
           | dark alleys. It is very safe and tolerable.
           | 
           | GLP's are all the rage these days. Doctors seem to be giving
           | GLP peptides out like candy and those are injected. People
           | are looking like zombies. That said if doctors are going to
           | be so liberal with them I should be able to buy it in the
           | grocery store and slap it down on the conveyor belt. Again I
           | can buy things far more dangerous than any prescription drug.
           | There are very dangerous supplements, some that are shilled
           | heavily on youtube. For example, Glycine _(for me
           | specifically used without a specific process)_ is more
           | dangerous than heroine and the vast majority of doctors would
           | have no idea what I am talking about.
        
             | dc396 wrote:
             | > It is very safe and tolerable.
             | 
             | Can you point to the clinical trials that demonstrate this?
             | 
             | > Doctors seem to be giving GLP peptides out like candy and
             | those are injected.
             | 
             | There have been several _thousand_ clinical trials that
             | have shown GLP-1s to be safe and effective.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Also LOL at the notion "peptides are safe because GLP-1
               | exists".
               | 
               | Pretty much all venoms are mixes of short (10-15 base)
               | peptide chains.
               | 
               | It's the naturalistic fallacy in an utterly perverse form
               | ( and also goes to show why a regulatory system is good:
               | the average person has no idea that they're dealing with
               | or even common sense about it).
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Injected BPC-157 to a wound is a magic healing potion as
             | far as I'm concerned. That it's not more broadly available
             | is a crime, imo. If I had a billion dollars, I'd push so
             | many things through the FDA.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | > > given I eat peptides every day from my food
           | 
           | It's also just a silly rhetorical technique. The ability to
           | construct a grammatical sentence of that form does not
           | constitute a valid argument.
           | 
           | "Restricting nuclear material is silly given that nearly all
           | the stuff I interact with every day contains atomic nuclei."
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | The regulation of drugs or most any consumer product is not due
         | to the inherent danger of an item itself, but the danger
         | presented to a consumer inside the context of societal
         | mechanisms that influence behavior. You're right that many
         | regulations don't make sense outside of a societal context --
         | but that's because they also don't _exist_ outside of a
         | societal context.
         | 
         | The reason we don't need tight regulations on bleach is because
         | we don't have a societal issue causing people to drink it and
         | hurt themselves... at least, not anymore: most of the locking
         | lids on household cleaning chemicals are there by law.
        
         | jmye wrote:
         | > Drugs risks do not enter into the picture given the fact I
         | can buy ammonia and bleach along with a myriad of other
         | dangerous compounds.
         | 
         | This is a deeply weird take. You think anyone ought to be able
         | to buy, for instance, warfarin and freely take it without a
         | doctor's involvement? We should let parents self-diagnose
         | diabetes and administer insulin without a prescription or
         | discussion? We should just hope that patients heard their
         | doctor say hydralazine and not hydroxyzine?
         | 
         | > As a side note more dangerous than any drug is stopping a
         | prescription drug cold turkey.
         | 
         | Abject nonsense. It was very easy to stop my prescribed
         | amoxicillin. It's clear you don't have any actual idea what
         | "prescription drugs" are, in aggregate, and that should maybe
         | inform your decision to have Big Opinions about them.
        
           | Bender wrote:
           | _You think anyone ought to be able to buy, for instance,
           | warfarin and freely take it without a doctor's involvement?_
           | 
           | Yes.
        
             | cm2012 wrote:
             | Triple yes! Most of the people buying it have been buying
             | it and using it for years.
        
           | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
           | > _This is a deeply weird take. You think anyone ought to be
           | able to buy, for instance, warfarin and freely take it
           | without a doctor's involvement? We should let parents self-
           | diagnose diabetes and administer insulin without a
           | prescription or discussion? We should just hope that patients
           | heard their doctor say hydralazine and not hydroxyzine?_
           | 
           | Weird examples. You can buy insulin without a prescription
           | today in the USA.
           | 
           | In much of the world -- including almost all of Asia, Africa,
           | and much of Eastern Europe -- you can buy almost any drug
           | without a prescription. The only exceptions are potent CNS
           | stimulants or narcotics, and in some rare cases antibiotics.
           | 
           | This is legitimately a better system. Takes out the
           | middleman.
           | 
           | In the US you can get any drug if you pay $120 and recite the
           | magic words to a telemedicine "doctor."
        
             | OhMeadhbh wrote:
             | Funny you mention this... I bumped into a VP of Merck at a
             | conference and that's the exact example he gave: in the US,
             | you can't adjust your own coumadin dosage without a M.D.
             | consult, but here, have 200 doses of insulin to take home
             | with you.
        
             | Bender wrote:
             | _In much of the world -- including almost all of Asia,
             | Africa, and much of Eastern Europe_
             | 
             | Doctors in the US get a nice $200 to $500 per doctors
             | visit, required to extend the prescription drug. I only
             | notice because I pay cash. This is why they will argue
             | against anything I am saying until they are code-blue in
             | the face. I will leave them with my code brown.
             | 
             |  _In the US you can get any drug if you pay $120 and recite
             | the magic words to a telemedicine "doctor."_
             | 
             | That's how a number of us in a particular circle stock up
             | on anti-biotics. That said anti-biotics are a last resort
             | for me whereas I find doctors are quick to prescribe them.
        
           | hellojimbo wrote:
           | Your argument is even worse lol. Obviously he's proposing
           | that you can take your doctors note to the pharmacy and get
           | what the doctor prescribed in addition to being allowed to
           | self purchase behind the counter drugs.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | > It seems we are treating Peptides like drugs here
         | 
         | That's exactly what some biological drugs are too - peptides!
         | 
         | And peptides are just short chains of amino acids. Almost all
         | the other biological drugs are just longer chains of amino
         | acids - antibodies, enzymes, antigens, some hormones, and
         | others.
         | 
         | Derek is right that the safety risks are exponentially higher
         | when you inject peptides - you basically skip a bunch of
         | protective mechanisms like enzymes that quickly break them down
         | if taken orally or routes.
         | 
         | As a former R&D scientist there is no way I'd inject any
         | peptide that hasn't at least gone through a phase 1 safety
         | study in humans. Otherwise you have no idea what it could be
         | doing to your body.
         | 
         | A good example was a drug that was quickly pulled from market
         | for causing fatal anaphylactic reactions. It wasn't even caught
         | in the clinical trials!
         | 
         | At the same time, I think people have the right to take
         | whatever substance they want. But I worry a lot of people
         | aren't aware of the risks.
        
           | Ucalegon wrote:
           | >As a former R&D scientist there is no way I'd inject any
           | peptide that hasn't at least gone through a phase 1 safety
           | study in humans. Otherwise you have no idea what it could be
           | doing to your body.
           | 
           | A lot of people do not understand the trial system or the
           | value of Phase 0/1 tests when it comes to the substances that
           | they put into their body. And thanks to the
           | influencer/grifter/biohacker ecosystem that exists, more
           | people would put their trust in accidental evidence, from
           | people who's incentive it is to make money off of them, while
           | complaining about the pharmaceutical industry operates off of
           | a profit motive.
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | I'm all for laxer regulation of substance control e.g. buying
         | cocaine at the grocery store, but I think its also a bit
         | misleading to describe arbitrary sequences of amino acids as if
         | they're meaningfully comparable to food.
         | 
         | That's like saying that since neither one nor zero requires
         | regulation, neither does software. Maybe software does or
         | doesn't, but in either case its best based on the nature of the
         | aggregate, not the nature of its components.
        
       | bix6 wrote:
       | I really enjoyed having to wait 30 seconds for Cloudflare to let
       | me into this website.
        
         | OhMeadhbh wrote:
         | I think if you're a cloudflare customer they set a cookie in
         | your browser that let's you bypass the waiting period. Just
         | wait until next year when they show ads during the wait.
        
       | diath wrote:
       | > My patient is refusing a drug studied in 170,000 people because
       | of side effects that a 124,000-person analysis just confirmed do
       | not exist -- while injecting a compound studied in 14 humans,
       | from unregulated sources, based on the recommendation of someone
       | who profits from selling it. She's probably not the only one. And
       | those using it believe they are "doing their own research."
       | 
       | Ok, and? At worst you waste a couple hundred dollars and deem the
       | alternative therapy not worth it and go back to your doctor but I
       | know dozens of people at my gym that used BPC 157 and TB 500 that
       | fixed their chronic tendon/joint issues within weeks of starting
       | the therapy that physios couldn't fix for years.
        
         | orf wrote:
         | You know dozens of people from a single place that have chronic
         | tendon/joint issues?
        
           | diath wrote:
           | Yes? These types of injuries are common among bodybuilders
           | and powerlifters.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Pfft -- they're common among anyone over 30 who exercises!
        
           | cheald wrote:
           | Hang out at a BJJ or MMA gym for a bit, and you'll find
           | plenty. Peptides are really popular in combat sports circles,
           | with good reason.
        
           | cgh wrote:
           | You should hang out at a climbing gym sometime. There is
           | nothing that unites climbers more than injury talk.
        
           | phil21 wrote:
           | I don't doubt it. You make casual friends sometimes at
           | certain gyms, especially if any sort of sports are involved
           | like tennis or even group classes.
           | 
           | I am a super introvert and know at least half a dozen folks
           | with such issues, more if you include my close friend group.
           | 
           | Any place that has a lot of physically active people
           | stressing their limits a bit is going to have a lot of
           | injured folks over a decent period of time. And of course it
           | gets talked about quite a lot, since it limits performance
           | and ability.
           | 
           | My trainer knows I have a chronic shoulder issue, and an
           | adductor issue at the moment I'm working through that we need
           | to avoid stressing too much. The few other folks who tend to
           | work out around my schedule know of this, and I know of
           | theirs.
           | 
           | Not very uncommon really.
        
         | aaarrm wrote:
         | My partner's grandfather died of cancer because when he was
         | having pains they believed their homeopathic medicine would
         | work. When he finally when in to see a real doctor it was too
         | late. If he had gone in earlier, he would been able to have a
         | chance. This is not a rare occurrence for these types.
        
           | phil21 wrote:
           | Why would you stop going to a real doctor though? It's not
           | one or the other.
           | 
           | I'm very on the fence over BPC-157/TB500, I really want to
           | see some actual clinical trials ran on it. I have a feeling
           | the effects are overstated, but I also have had a number of
           | "insider" conversations where I know these and other
           | compounds are very much being utilized in pro athlete injury
           | recovery programs. Those athletes certainly are getting state
           | of the art medical care via traditional sources, plus elite
           | level physio therapy - so it's hard to say if the illicit
           | injury recovery drugs are doing much or not.
        
             | cgh wrote:
             | I don't think either of those are patentable so I doubt
             | you'll see studies or trials any time soon. A lot of
             | strength athletes at all levels, not just elite, are
             | absolutely convinced of their efficacy and their usage
             | sometimes seems as common as ibuprofen.
        
         | kibibu wrote:
         | > I know dozens of people at my gym
         | 
         | I don't think I even know dozens of people, full stop, let
         | alone well enough to talk to them about their peptide use.
        
           | diath wrote:
           | I go to a gym that has IFBB pros and people competing on
           | elite powerlifting level, steroid and peptide use is an every
           | day chit chat topic.
        
         | dc396 wrote:
         | > Ok, and?
         | 
         | According to our new AI overlords, a short synopsis of
         | potential risks of BPC 157 based on mechanistic and animal work
         | to date (don't know human risks because there haven't been
         | sufficient clinical studies):
         | 
         | * Possible pathologic angiogenesis (abnormal blood-vessel
         | growth), which theoretically could support tumor growth or
         | inflammatory and autoimmune processes. * Modulation of nitric-
         | oxide pathways that, at high levels, might contribute to
         | anemia, altered drug metabolism (CYP enzyme activity), and
         | possibly neurodegenerative processes in theory. * Concerns that
         | its pro-healing, pro-growth signalling (e.g., FAK-paxillin)
         | could encourage cancer spread if malignant cells are already
         | present; this remains theoretical, with no proof in humans. *
         | Possible liver and kidney toxicity suggested in some commentary
         | and extrapolated from preclinical work, but not well
         | characterized in people. * Immune reactions or allergic
         | responses, including fevers, rash, hives, muscle aches, or
         | systemic inflammatory responses
         | 
         | These do not appear to be results that would appear overnight.
         | It would be "nice" if the folks injecting random shit into
         | their bodies also disclaimed any subsequent medical
         | intervention as a result of said shit, but that I suspect
         | that's unlikely.
        
           | diath wrote:
           | Have you ever looked at leaflets attached to any medicine
           | prescribed by doctors?
        
             | dc396 wrote:
             | You mean the ones that are the result of experience through
             | controlled clinical trials with statistical analyses and
             | error bars, yep, sure. I guess I have a bit more faith in
             | those leaflets and the testing regimes that generates them
             | than the word of some gymbro or influencer who injected
             | themselves and didn't immediately fall over dead.
        
           | rzmmm wrote:
           | My total layman view is that powerful drugs often have
           | powerful side effects.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | That's because you grew up in a society still deeply coded
             | to puritan moral viewpoints.
             | 
             | People for so upset that GLP-1 has no long term side
             | effects.
             | 
             | There's still the crowd completely sure everyone will get
             | HyperCancer in 10 years or something (they won't).
        
       | kylehotchkiss wrote:
       | With India getting generic GLP-1s, the tech to "print" peptides
       | will probably see costs fall off a cliff, so we're probably only
       | looking at the tip of the iceberg with the amount of damages the
       | reddit biohacker bros will accomplish. Men especially are feeling
       | a lot more lonely and image-conscious and there are peptides
       | people claim make them taller[1] or muscular[2].
       | 
       | 1:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/endocrinology/comments/1jb2cce/grow...
       | 
       | 2: https://r2medicalclinic.com/best-muscle-growth-peptides
        
         | diath wrote:
         | These peptides are already relatively cheap, here's one US
         | domestic source: https://imgur.com/a/OXOkSdR
        
           | GenerWork wrote:
           | $120 for 10mg of reta is highway robbery.
        
       | tbojanin wrote:
       | I tried retatrutide for 10 weeks, here are my results: Before:
       | 5'7, ~182lb
       | 
       | Bench 1rm: 315
       | 
       | Squat: 5x10 225
       | 
       | Deadlift: 5x5 315
       | 
       | After: same height lol, 154lb
       | 
       | Bench 1rm: 285
       | 
       | Squat: 5x10 205
       | 
       | Deadlift: 5x5 275
       | 
       | Suffered some anhedonia towards the end but that went away ~1wk
       | after stopping. Overall pretty good, not any side effects.
       | Definitely fixed my food craving problem. I didn't have a high
       | intake of protein during the 10 weeks, so I suspect thats why I
       | lost muscle mass :/
        
         | cheald wrote:
         | I used a combo of low-dose retatrutide, tesamorelin, and
         | ipamorelin and lost about 15lb over 45 days, including 60% of
         | my visceral fat, and put on 4lb of muscle, per before-and-after
         | DEXA scans. I lifted regularly, ate well, and prioritized
         | protein, and while I definitely under-ate protein, I was very
         | pleased to find that I was able to increase muscle mass while
         | cutting the fat. My visceral fat was the primary target here,
         | since I'd been unable to get it to budge despite consistent
         | training and diet. Very pleased.
        
         | twodave wrote:
         | Did you work out during those 10 weeks any? TBH if you went
         | from regular lifting to not for 10 weeks I'd expect a similar
         | decrease in your lifting numbers (though not a .4lb/day weight
         | loss of course)
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Those are sizable drops for 10 weeks unless you stopped lifting
         | as well
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | You lost muscle because you lost around 1.54% of body weight
         | per week, which is way too aggressive. The maximum recommended
         | amount for losing weight while retaining muscle is around 1%.
         | You will also most likely experience a weight rebound.
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | The author is missing a massive segment of that gray market:
       | people who buy FDA-approved weight loss drugs (e.g., semaglutide
       | or tirzepatide) at 2-5% of the brand-name price. This route
       | carries some risk, but there are ways to mitigate it, such as
       | performing third-party testing. I assume most people who do this
       | couldn't realistically afford the brand-name drug anyway, making
       | this their only viable treatment.
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | I imagine it's legally risky to buy a large quantity, test it,
         | and then resell smaller quantities. That's a shame because the
         | alternative is probably that some folks settle for products of
         | dubious quality and end up getting hurt.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | It probably is, but that does not stop people from
           | effectively doing it. There are a number of groups that
           | specialize in conducting group buys, doing a bunch of testing
           | on randomized samples, and then shipping out the product to
           | individuals.
           | 
           | Also, if you plan to be on it a good long time, you can buy a
           | bunch of kits yourself (a kit is 10 vials), run a bunch of
           | tests, and then just have a nice stockpile that will last you
           | years. The testing will likely cost as much or more than the
           | product itself, but given how inexpensive the product is, you
           | still come out way ahead financially.
        
           | GenerWork wrote:
           | >I imagine it's legally risky to buy a large quantity, test
           | it, and then resell smaller quantities
           | 
           | It is illegal, but it doesn't stop people from doing it. In
           | fact, if you don't have any sort of test results for your
           | peptides people will absolutely avoid buying your wares until
           | you have them. Purity and mg/ml are the 2 basic test results
           | that any shop worth their stuff will have.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | To be fair, most everyone I know who is buying on the gray
             | market considers vendor tests to be minimally required, but
             | still insufficient -- there is no assurance they tested the
             | product they shipped to you. Plan on testing it yourself.
             | I'm sure some people do trust nexaph enough, though, to not
             | worry so much. Whether that trust is well placed, that is a
             | separate discussion.
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | With most of these you can really tell if they work or
               | not and there is a pretty predicable dose dependent
               | reaction profile. With slow meds like semaglutide you'd
               | maybe not notice it in the first week but you will by
               | week 3. I had mine tested but if that wasn't available I
               | probably would have considered the anecdotal evidence to
               | be sufficient. It appears that most of the scamming is
               | just people taking the money and not shipping anything.
        
           | olalonde wrote:
           | Yes, I believe most people buy directly from somewhat shady
           | Chinese factories. I tried contacting a few and they all
           | refuse to meet or send samples from within China, so I assume
           | what they're doing is illegal in China. In the US, it's legal
           | to sell them as a "research chemical" but the FDA is cracking
           | down on companies that are clearly engaging in b2c.
           | 
           | There's this company that offers free testing:
           | https://finnrick.com/
           | 
           | Another popular testing company is https://janoshik.com
           | 
           | Some other useful resources: https://graymarket.substack.com/
           | and https://glp1forum.com/
           | 
           | There are a few subreddits as well.
           | 
           | FWIW, I never ended up buying any myself.
        
             | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
             | Right, but I don't know the people at those companies. I
             | have local chemists that I trust. I'm just lamenting the
             | fact that developing that kind of trust network everywhere,
             | so everybody can be similarly sure of what they're putting
             | in their body, is likely to run afoul of local laws.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | FWIW, finnrick's claim to fame is being free. Someone is
             | paying for it. They have also failed blind tests in the
             | past, Janoshik (IIRC) never has. There are several US-based
             | labs but none of them have the same reputation as Janoshik.
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | Actually, you just described most of the tele-health and
           | compounding pharmacies that carry GLP1s!
           | 
           | Where do you think Hims, Ro, Brello, or the rest get the APIs
           | they sell to their customers? They get them from grey market
           | suppliers in China. They don't go to Ely Lilly or NovoNordisk
           | and say, "politely sir, may I skirt around your IP and sell
           | your drugs for 10x what they cost instead of 10,000x what
           | they cost?" Hopefully, they test them and filter them and use
           | sterile/pharma processes for what they sell to their
           | customers. Well, except for the Medspas, those are just wild
           | west snake oil farms.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | Things have changed a little, but during the time that
             | compounding was explicitly allowed, the licensed pharmacies
             | were buying from FDA approved manufacturers, sometimes in
             | China, and sometimes the same manufacturers who also do
             | contract manufacturing for Lilly.
             | 
             | Today ... who knows? It might just be the same gray market
             | stuff us plebes can get.
        
         | cjbgkagh wrote:
         | I bought Semaglutide at 50c/mg and had it tested, it's the real
         | deal. What's the normal price, $100/mg?
         | 
         | My gf is in medicine so she had a friend test it through their
         | work.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Won't be anywhere near that. I don't have prices handy, but
           | Lilly sells tirzepatide (a bit better than sema, and usually
           | a bit more expensive) at 500/mo (maybe a bit less now on the
           | trump rx site, I don't recall). Depending on dose, that'll be
           | about 10 bucks a mg give or take. Gray market runs about 50
           | cents/mg.
        
       | comrade1234 wrote:
       | I know a couple of people that should know better (phds in
       | biosciences but now doing corporate management) taking expensive
       | weird Chinese peptides that would probably be better off if they
       | did some cardio a few days per week and ate better.
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | I take a small issue with the claim that we don't test peptides.
       | Some of us test them extensively before injecting. Granted,
       | probably the same people who also understand how little science
       | there is backing up most of the popular peptides today. I enjoy
       | being able to buy my own GLP1s, however, at least those which
       | have made it through phase III trials succesfully. As tempting as
       | the claims are about things like BPC-157 and such ... no thanks,
       | that is past my comfort level a good bit.
        
       | cjbgkagh wrote:
       | Peptides are a revolution and you don't need to know how they
       | work to know that they work (for various people for various
       | conditions). There is a tension between empiricism and
       | fundamentalism with much of medical science focusing on
       | fundamentalism. Now with the ability to collect and search large
       | amounts of empirical data and communicate it peer-to-peer people
       | are picking up on a lot of things that work without knowing why
       | they work. I think people are just going to circumvent the
       | fundamentalist and chase after whatever works.
       | 
       | I owe my health to early adoption of experimental peptides, I
       | have life long ME/CFS and there is no known treatment for this
       | nor is there any on the horizon. At least they finally have a
       | diagnostic test and know it's not psychosomatic but I could have
       | told them that from day 1. Most doctors are not researchers and
       | have little understanding on statistics instead preferring to
       | rely on discrete classifications and simple decision tress. As
       | someone with hEDS from TNXB I am a walking bag of symptoms and
       | yet not a single doctor could figure it out. I had to research it
       | myself which involved post-doc level textbooks and research
       | journals. I came across the work done by Prof. Khavinson (USSR)
       | and it did appear to me that peptides were incredibly under-
       | explored. Given the poor quality of life with ME/CFS I was
       | willing to take serious risks so previous trials were helpful to
       | give an idea on dosing and lethality, I went through most of the
       | research peptides one by one. I actually waited on semaglutide a
       | bit because I suspected there was a small minority who would have
       | hyper sensitivity and I both expected that to appear in the data,
       | which it did, and I expected to have hypersensitivity, which I
       | did. Others who were less careful ended up with pretty bad
       | gastroenteritis. Semaglutide has been the most effective and with
       | it and a few others I am largely able to lead a normal life. I
       | was getting gray market from the US but now I get it direct from
       | China.
        
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