[HN Gopher] Scientists Figured Out How Eels Reproduce (2022)
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       Scientists Figured Out How Eels Reproduce (2022)
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 106 points
       Date   : 2026-04-01 22:33 UTC (4 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.intelligentliving.co)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.intelligentliving.co)
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | The click bait version adds "and it's electrifying".
        
         | arduanika wrote:
         | I'm just glad that somebody solved this very slippery problem.
        
         | adamlgerber wrote:
         | everyone here is talking about eels but i prefer icktok
        
       | wood_spirit wrote:
       | I remember being fascinated by animals as a kid and the mystery
       | of where eels went was one of the big unsolved puzzles I remember
       | hearing about.
       | 
       | Much more recently I heard on QI about how medieval people, not
       | knowing about migration, believed, through a lot of leaps, that
       | it was ok to eat barnacle geese at lent. Worth investigating if
       | you are curious :)
        
         | bcraven wrote:
         | This is a good video on that medieval belief:
         | 
         | Medieval Science was Baffled by Birds - CuriousCabinet123
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/vgFj-MMTqIc
        
         | HiPhish wrote:
         | I find it very hard to believe that people in the middle ages
         | (or before or after) looked at birds and actually thought that
         | they really spawned from trees or barnacles. After all, birds
         | can fly, you observe large flocks of birds in the sky right
         | before they vanish, you know that there are warmer regions in
         | the south, so it's not a big stretch to imagine that birds
         | could perhaps migrate southwards. You cannot prove it, but it's
         | a good enough guess.
         | 
         | I think illustrations or stories from the middle ages are to be
         | taken as symbolic or allegorical rather than factual like a
         | biology book would be today. They wrote down a story not
         | because they necessarily believed it be factually true, but
         | because it taught a different kind of truth. For example, no
         | one has ever believed that Red Riding Hood actually happened or
         | that you can cut open a wolf's stomach to pull out a living
         | person.
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | _> You cannot prove it, but it 's a good enough guess._
           | 
           | You can guess that _now_ in the 21st century, but we 're
           | talking about illiterate peasants who never traveled past
           | their nearest market center. It's naive to assume we can even
           | possibly empathize with their epistemological outlook.
           | 
           | For example, just look at the medieval sources about barnacle
           | geese from the 13th century (from the _educated_ class):
           | 
           |  _> Barliates, as Aristotle says, grow from wood, and are
           | birds which the common people call  'barnesques', having a
           | similar nature._ [1] (I chose a short quote to make a point
           | but please read the rest of the source, it's hardly an
           | allegorical text)
           | 
           | They didn't have the concept of falsifiability or anything
           | even remotely resembling the scientific process (or critical
           | thinking, for the most part). The literate were obsessed with
           | the classics and just took Aristotles and Ptolemy's word for
           | everything, until Copernicus and Kepler had their way.
           | Anything resembling scientific knowledge filtered down to the
           | peasants or came from old wives tails entirely.
           | 
           | Even now with almost universal literacy we have a significant
           | fraction (if not majority) of the population believing in
           | ridiculously stupid nonsense like astrology. I don't find it
           | hard to believe that people thought that geese's life cycle
           | included barnacles.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.medievalbestiary.bestiary.ca/beasts/beastsour
           | ce1...
        
             | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
             | > old wives tails
             | 
             | Please, can I have that for my typo collection?
        
           | dudefeliciano wrote:
           | It took until the 1800s for us to finally understand where
           | the hell birds go in the winter, we had all kinds of crazy
           | theories before then. We finally realized birds migrate to
           | Africa, with proof, when a stork arrived in Germany after
           | surviving being shot by an arrow in Africa.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfeilstorch
        
         | dudefeliciano wrote:
         | > it was ok to eat barnacle geese at lent.
         | 
         | I think that was just a way to ethically cheat the fast...In
         | southern Germany they got around it by wrapping the meat in a
         | dumpling (Maultaschen), so that god wouldn't notice: "The
         | Swabian German nickname for the dish, Herrgottsbescheisserle,
         | means "small God-cheaters""
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maultasche#History
         | 
         | EDIT: just remembered another similar cheat, where beavers were
         | defined as fish, allowed to be eaten at lent.
        
         | mananaysiempre wrote:
         | > Much more recently I heard on QI about how medieval people,
         | not knowing about migration, believed, through a lot of leaps,
         | that it was ok to eat barnacle geese at lent.
         | 
         | There's a similar story about how rabbits in Japanese use the
         | classifier Yu  ( _-wa_ , "wing") normally utilized for birds,
         | instead of the Pi  ( _-hiki_ ) you'd expect for small animals,
         | because Buddhist monks really wanted to eat them and thus
         | declared their ears to be wings. I don't know how historically
         | accurate that is. (I'm also assuming this has to come from
         | Chinese and thus likely also has a counterpart in Korean, but
         | can't prove that with a cursory look through Wiktionary.)
        
       | DeanStevenson wrote:
       | Fascinating how certain animals have evolved with complex
       | migration patterns to breeding grounds. And unfortunate that 95%
       | of the population has already collapsed.
       | 
       | Makes me wonder what the world was like before this last great
       | extinction.
        
         | Nzen wrote:
         | tl;dr Eels have a long lifecycle with several stages. They do
         | not develop sexual organs until late in their life, when they
         | migrate back to the Saragossa Sea. This meant earlier autopsies
         | of eels revealed no sexual organs, even though scientists could
         | provoke them with hormone therapy. So, a team lead by Jose
         | Azevedo tagged female eels in the Azores in 2018, and tracked
         | them via satellite [0].
         | 
         | [0] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-19248-8
         | 
         | I sometimes think about the selection pressures that lead to
         | complex life cycles, like fig wasps. I find myself thinking
         | about it naively, like one existed and the other grew into the
         | niche. But, realistically, everything is changing (slowly) all
         | the time. I just notice it for, say, influenza because their
         | cycle time is so short.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | The important part of the story is that it took so long.
           | People actively searched for an answer for thousands of
           | years.
           | 
           | The answer itself is interesting, but more remarkable to me
           | is how doggedly people pursued it for so long. It seems so
           | basic that they must reproduce the way other vertebrates do,
           | and yet the lack of apparent organs was baffling.
        
       | mosaibah wrote:
       | Aristotle spent serious time on this and concluded eels
       | spontaneously generated from mud, that's not a knock on him, you
       | genuinely cannot find reproductive organs in a wild eel because
       | they don't develop until the final migration, it took satellite
       | tagging in 2018 to actually confirm what was happening. A 2,300
       | year old mystery closed by a GPS tracker is a good reminder that
       | some problems just had to wait for the right instrument
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | That is a very big deal observation. Philosophers of science
         | have a concept called "theory ladenness". Until the right tool
         | arrives you may not even be able to formulate the question, and
         | you don't know it. You keep dancing around versions of the
         | wrong question.
         | 
         | The history of heat versus temperature is quite enlightening.
         | The absence of thermometers means you have a hard time
         | conceiving of heat capacity. They knew that phlogiston wasn't
         | right but all of their experiments kept assuming it was
         | measurable. Same with mass versus weight; the difference isn't
         | hard to measure once it occurs to you to measure it.
         | 
         | These can be great aha moments in the history of science. It's
         | both daunting and inspiring.
        
         | nfw2 wrote:
         | I think it's reasonable to knock on someone for concluding a
         | wildly incorrect theory (eg generating out of mud) even when
         | lacking evidence pointing to the correct answer. Aristotle did
         | this a lot. The correct position in these scenarios is one of
         | uncertainty.
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | "figured out how" seems a little strong, when:
       | 
       | > questions remain about the timing and navigation of the eels
       | across thousands of kilometers of open water
        
       | dundarious wrote:
       | In the satellite tracking experiment, I wonder how they sexed the
       | eels to determine they were female before tagging, given the lack
       | of primary sex organs at that time. Are there obvious secondary
       | characteristics like size?
       | 
       | > The researchers behind this recent discovery used satellite
       | tags to follow 21 female European eels as they navigated the
       | final phase of their incredible journey southwest from the
       | Azores, the volcanic archipelago of the North Atlantic Ocean west
       | of Portugal.
        
         | joss82 wrote:
         | They swabbed them and sequenced their DNA.
        
           | dundarious wrote:
           | Thank you, I forgot that's cheap enough these days.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | That just moves the question to how they figured out the
           | genetic sex determination system of eels, or even how they
           | figured out that sex is genetically determined in eels (and
           | is it? many vertebrates don't have genetically determined
           | sex).
        
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       (page generated 2026-04-05 23:01 UTC)