[HN Gopher] Significant raise of reports
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Significant raise of reports
        
       Author : stratos123
       Score  : 265 points
       Date   : 2026-04-02 09:14 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (lwn.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (lwn.net)
        
       | stratos123 wrote:
       | "On the kernel security list we've seen a huge bump of reports.
       | We were between 2 and 3 per week maybe two years ago, then
       | reached probably 10 a week over the last year with the only
       | difference being only AI slop, and now since the beginning of the
       | year we're around 5-10 per day depending on the days (fridays and
       | tuesdays seem the worst). Now most of these reports are correct,
       | to the point that we had to bring in more maintainers to help
       | us."
        
         | sevg wrote:
         | Is there a reason you've copy pasted the first paragraph from
         | the link? It doesn't add anything to the discussion, and also
         | doesn't help as a tl;dr because it's literally the first
         | paragraph. Genuine question!
        
           | stratos123 wrote:
           | The actual title is pretty unclear ("Significant Raise of
           | Reports" of what?), so I considered replacing it by some of
           | this excerpt, but HN rules say not to editorialize titles.
           | Hence I put it into the `text` field, which I thought would
           | be the body, but actually just gets posted as a comment.
        
       | nayroclade wrote:
       | > I don't know how long this pace will last. I suspect that bugs
       | are reported faster than they are written, so we could in fact be
       | purging a long backlog
       | 
       | Hopefully these same tools will also help catch security bugs at
       | the point they're written. Maybe one day we'll reach a point
       | where the discovery of new, live vulnerabilities is extremely
       | rare?
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | Around 70% of security vulnerabilities are about memory safety
         | and only exist because software is written in C and C++.
         | Because most vulnerabilities are in newly written code, Google
         | has found that simply starting writing new code in Rust (rather
         | than trying to rewrite existing codebases) quickly brings the
         | number of found vulnerabilities down drastically.
        
           | noosphr wrote:
           | And to a good approximation all real world Rust uses unsafe
           | everywhere.
           | 
           | So we now have a new code base in an undefined language which
           | still has memory bugs.
           | 
           | This is progress.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | No, this is false. For Rust codebases that aren't doing
             | high-peformance data structures, C interop, or bare-metal
             | stuff, it's typical to write no unsafe code at all. I'm not
             | sure who told you otherwise, but they have no idea what
             | they're talking about.
        
               | crote wrote:
               | It's the classic "misunderstanding" that UB or buggy
               | unsafe code could _in theory_ corrupt _any_ part of your
               | running application (which is technically true), and
               | interpreting this to mean that any codebase with at least
               | one instance of UB  / buggy unsafe code (which is ~100%
               | of codebases) is safety-wise equivalent to a codebase
               | with zero safety check - as all the safety checks are
               | obviously complete lies and therefore pointless time-
               | wasters.
               | 
               | Which obviously isn't how it works in practice, just like
               | how C doesn't delete all the files on your computer when
               | your program contains any form of signed integer
               | overflow, even though it _technically_ could as that is
               | totally allowed according to the language spec.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | If you're talking about Rust codebases, I'm pretty sure
               | that writing sound unsafe code is at least feasible. It's
               | not _easy_ , and it should be avoided if at all possible,
               | but saying that 100% of those codebases are unsound is
               | pessimistic.
               | 
               | One feasible approach is to use "storytelling" as
               | described here:
               | https://www.ralfj.de/blog/2026/03/13/inline-asm.html
               | That's talking about inline assembly, but in principle
               | any other unsafe feature could be similarly modeled.
        
               | crote wrote:
               | It's not impossible, it is just highly unlikely that
               | you'll _never_ write a single safety-related bug -
               | especially in nontrivial applications and in mixed
               | C-plus-Rust codebases. For every single bug-free codebase
               | there will be thousands containing undiscovered subtle-
               | but-usually-harmless bugs.
               | 
               | After all, if humans were able to routinely write bug-
               | free code, why even worry about unsoundness and UB in C?
               | _Surely_ having developers write safe C code would be
               | easier than trying to get a massive ecosystem to adopt a
               | completely new and not exactly trivial programming
               | language?
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Rust is not really "completely new" for a good C/C++
               | coder, it just cleans up the syntax a bit (for easier
               | machine-parsing) and focuses on enforcing the guidelines
               | you need to write safe code. This actually explains much
               | of its success. The fact that this _also_ makes it a nice
               | enough high-level language for the Python
               | /Ruby/JavaScript etc. crowd is a bit of a happy accident,
               | not something that's inherent to it.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Our experiences are different.
               | 
               | Good developers only write unsafe rust when there is good
               | reason to. There are a lot of bad developers that add
               | unsafe anytime they don't understand a Rust error, and
               | then don't take it out when that doesn't fix the problem
               | (hopefully just a minority, but I've seen it).
        
             | panstromek wrote:
             | The parent comments references real world data from Google:
             | https://security.googleblog.com/2024/09/eliminating-
             | memory-s...
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | You can't just write Rust in a part of the codebase that's
           | all C/C++. Tools for checking the newly written C/C++ code
           | for issues will still be valuable for a very long time.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | You actually can? A Rust-written function that exports a C
             | ABI and calls C ABI functions interops just fine with C. Of
             | course that's all unsafe (unless you're doing pure value-
             | based programming and not calling any foreign code), so you
             | don't get much of a safety gain at the single-function
             | level.
        
               | array_key_first wrote:
               | C ABI is not C++ ABI. People often write C/C++ but
               | they're completely different languages. C++ is much
               | higher level and modern. C++ is closer to Rust than it is
               | to C.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | If you're going to swap out one function in a chain of
               | functions for a Rust version, you're destroying your
               | codebase. You simply can't replace one tiny piece of code
               | in a large codebase with a version in a different
               | language. Doing so would be insane.
        
           | miki123211 wrote:
           | I find this interesting.
           | 
           | Curl's Daniel Stenberg claimed during his NDC talk that
           | vulnerabilities in this project are 8 years old on average.
           | 
           | I wonder where the disconnect comes from.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | It comes from all his reporters being teenagers in
             | developing countries with older models, and people using
             | SOTA models who know how to qualify a potential
             | vulnerability having much bigger fish to fry than curl.
             | curl is a meaningful target, but it's in nobody's top tier.
        
       | glimshe wrote:
       | The last paragraph is interesting: "Overall I think we're going
       | to see a much higher quality of software, ironically around the
       | same level than before 2000 when the net became usable by
       | everyone to download fixes. When the software had to be pressed
       | to CDs or written to millions of floppies, it had to survive an
       | amazing quantity of tests that are mostly neglected nowadays
       | since updates are easy to distribute."
       | 
       | Was software made before 2000 better? And, if so, was it because
       | of better testing or lower complexity?
        
         | psyklic wrote:
         | > Was software made before 2000 better?
         | 
         | At the time of release, yes. They had to ensure the software
         | worked before printing CDs and floppies. Nowadays they release
         | buggy versions that users essentially test for them.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | Also in terms of security, there was generally a much smaller
           | potential attack surface and those surfaces were harder to
           | reach because we were much less constantly connected.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | But there was much less awareness of buffer overflows and
             | none of the countermeasures that are widespread today. It
             | was almost defining of the Win95 era that applications (eg.
             | Word) frequently crashed because of improper and unsafe
             | memory management.
        
             | armchairhacker wrote:
             | I remember opening a webpage and being hacked seemed more
             | likely. Adobe Flash and Java had more vulnerabilities and
             | weaker (if any) sandboxes than JavaScript.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Software has gotten drastically more secure than it was in
             | 2000. It's hard to comprehend how bad the security picture
             | was in 2000. This _very much, extremely_ includes Linux.
        
             | tolciho wrote:
             | Except that when you did connect Windows to anything it was
             | hacked in less than 30 seconds (the user ignored the "apply
             | these updates first, and then connect ..." advice, they
             | wanted some keyboard driver. Hacked, whoops, gotta waste
             | time doing a wipe and reinstall. This was back when many
             | places had no firewalls). IRIX would fall over and die if
             | you pointed a somewhat aggressive nmap at it, some buggy
             | daemon listening by default on TCP/0, iirc. There was code
             | in ISC DHCPD "windows is buggy, but we work around it with
             | this here kluge..." and etc etc etc etc etc
        
               | tosti wrote:
               | Not just dhcpd. Besides the entire existance of Wine and
               | Samba, Qemu has a workaround for win2k. Mkudffs has a
               | workaround for MS-Windows not being able to read the
               | filesystem without an mbr. Libc can work with local
               | system time for those who dual-boot. Git can work around
               | the difference in line endings. There are probably more
               | of these kludges than you can shake a stick at.
        
             | NitpickLawyer wrote:
             | > in terms of security
             | 
             | I wouldn't go that far. As soon as you went online all bets
             | were off.
             | 
             | In the 90s we had java applets, then flash, browsers would
             | open local html files and read/write from c:, people were
             | used to exchanging .exe files all the time and they'd open
             | them without scrutiny (or warnings) and so on. It was not a
             | good time for security.
             | 
             | Then dial-up was so finicky that you could literally
             | disconnect someone by sending them a ping packet. Then came
             | winXP, and blaster and its variants and all hell broke
             | loose. Pre SP2 you could install a fresh version of XP and
             | have it pwned inside 10 minutes if it was connected to a
             | network.
             | 
             | Servers weren't any better, ssh exploits were all over the
             | place (even The Matrix featured a real ssh exploit) and so
             | on...
             | 
             | The only difference was that "the scene" was more about the
             | thrill, the boasting, and learning and less about making a
             | buck out of it. You'd see "x was here" or "owned by xxx" in
             | page "defaces", instead of encrypting everything and asking
             | for a reward.
        
         | LatencyKills wrote:
         | I was a developer at Microsoft in the 90s (Visual Studio
         | (Boston) and Windows teams). I won't claim that software back
         | then was "better," but what is definitely true is that we had
         | to think about everything at a much lower level.
         | 
         | For example, you had to know which Win32 functions caused
         | ring-3 -> ring-0 transitions because those transitions could be
         | incredibly costly. You couldn't just "find the right function"
         | and move on. You had to find the right function that wouldn't
         | bring your app (and entire system) to its knees.
         | 
         | I specifically remember hating my life whenever we ran into a
         | KiUserExceptionDispatcher [0] issue, because even something as
         | simple as an exception could kill your app's performance.
         | 
         | Additionally, we didn't get to just patch flaws as they arose.
         | We either had to send out patches on floppy disks, post them to
         | BBSs, or even send them to PC Magazine.
         | 
         | [0]: https://doar-e.github.io/blog/2013/10/12/having-a-look-at-
         | th...
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | From the user perspective, Windows and Office certainly
           | crashed more frequently back then. I don't mean that as a
           | criticism of the Microsoft developers at the time: they did
           | some great work within severe constraints. But overall the
           | product quality is far better now.
        
             | LatencyKills wrote:
             | I wouldn't take that as criticism; you are 100% correct.
             | But that instability was a direct result of the issues I
             | mentioned above: the ring transition
             | protection/implementation was absolutely horrible; 3rd-
             | party developers would discover a useful function in NTDLL
             | and start using it in unintended ways, etc.
             | 
             | Do you remember the CSRSS Backspace Bug? [0]
             | 
             | A simple: printf("hung up\t\t\b\b\b\b\b\b"); from ring-3
             | would result in a BSOD. That was a pretty major
             | embarrassment.
             | 
             | After retiring, I started volunteering my time to mentor CS
             | students at two local universities. I work with juniors and
             | seniors who have no idea what "heap memory" is because, for
             | the most part, they don't need to know. For many
             | developers, the web browser is the "operating system".
             | 
             | I absolutely love using Python because I don't have to
             | worry about the details that were major issues back in the
             | 90s. But, at the same time, when I run into an issue, I
             | fully understand what the operating system is doing and can
             | still debug it down to assembly if need be.
             | 
             | [0]: https://jdebp.uk/FGA/csrss-backspace-bug.html
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | I can't imagine how much of a breath of fresh air Python
               | / Java must have been if you were used to write typical
               | business crud apps (and server software) in C/C++ (with
               | no sanitizers / modern tooling to speak of).
        
               | LatencyKills wrote:
               | I used to joke that using something like Python or C#
               | felt like "programming with oven mitts". I never felt
               | like I had any control. But that eventually morphed into
               | "Well, I don't need that control and can focus on other
               | things."
               | 
               | I spent the last few months building a toy LLM from
               | scratch. I can't believe that within my lifetime I've
               | gone from using punch cards to arguing with Claude when
               | it does something ridiculous.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | The oven mitts metaphor probably works really well, if
               | you shift it into metal working. Yes, it takes getting
               | used to wearing heavy gloves when working. No, you don't
               | want to skip out on them.
               | 
               | Edit: Honestly, any job where gloves are standard works.
               | Gardening. Sailing. Many sports.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | It wasn't. Java was very different from its current state
               | before roughly Java 5. It felt like a downgrade from C++
               | to me at the time. C++ had templates and RAII and smart
               | pointers, all of which Java lacked (and in some respects
               | still lacks today). Not having something like the C
               | preprocessor was quite annoying. Java performance wasn't
               | great. Tooling was better in some ways, worse in others.
               | Linters did exist in C/C++, as did debug versions of
               | libraries. You could load a crash dump into a debugger
               | and could often get a pretty good picture of what went
               | wrong. While Java certainly became preferable for
               | business code, it wasn't a sudden breath of fresh air, it
               | was trade-offs that gradually became more favorable to it
               | over the years.
        
         | empath75 wrote:
         | > Was software made before 2000 better?
         | 
         | Literally the moment everyone got on the internet, pretty much
         | every computer program and operating system in the world was
         | besieged by viruses and security flaws, so no.
        
         | Xenoamorphous wrote:
         | Just think of 8 and 16 bit video console games. Those
         | cartridges were _expensive_ so just how sure they had to be
         | they were bug free before making millions of them?
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | It was a simpler time. Not better. Not worse. Programs still
         | had bugs, but they weren't sloppy UI bugs, they were logic bugs
         | and memory leaks. If software was better back then, we'd still
         | be using it!
        
         | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
         | I think there was a period where things got better but I don't
         | think it was pre-internet.
         | 
         | There was a point in time where both windows wasn't constantly
         | bsoding and Microsoft's primary objectives weren't telemetry
         | and slop coding.
        
         | philipstorry wrote:
         | Yes and no.
         | 
         | Yes. The incentives for writing reliable, robust code were much
         | higher. The internet existed so you could, in theory, get a
         | patch out for people to download - but a sizeable part of any
         | user base might have limited access, so would require something
         | physical shipped to them (a floppy or CD). Making sure that
         | your code worked and worked well at time of shipping was
         | important. Large corporate customers were not going to
         | appreciate having to distribute an update across their tens of
         | thousands of machines.
         | 
         | No. The world wasn't as connected as it is today, which meant
         | that the attack surface to reasonably consider was much
         | smaller. A lot of the issues that we had back then were due to
         | designs and implementations that assumed a closed system
         | overall - but often allowed very open interoperability between
         | components (programs or machines) within the system. For
         | example, Outlook was automatable, so that it could be part of
         | larger systems and send mail in an automated way. This makes
         | sense within an individual organisation's "system", but isn't
         | wise at a global level. Email worms ran rampant until Microsoft
         | was forced to reduce that functionality via patches, which were
         | costly for their customers to apply. It damaged their
         | reputation considerably.
         | 
         | An extreme version of this was openness was SQL Slammer - a
         | worm which attacked SQL Servers and development machines.
         | Imagine that - enough organisations had their SQL Servers or
         | developer machines directly accessible that an actual worm
         | could thrive on a relational database system. Which is
         | mindboggling to think about these days, but it really happened
         | - see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_Slammer for details.
         | 
         | I wouldn't say that the evidence points to software being
         | better in the way that we would think of "better" today. I'd
         | say that the environment it had to exist in was simpler, and
         | that the costs of shipping & updating were higher - so it made
         | more sense to spend time creating robust software. Also nobody
         | was thinking about the possible misuse or abuse of their
         | software except in very limited ways. These days we have to
         | protect against much more ingenious use & abuse of programs.
         | 
         | Furthermore today patching is quick and easy (by historical
         | comparison), and a company might even be offering its own
         | hosted solution, which makes the cost of patching very low for
         | them. In such an environment it can seem more reasonable to
         | focus on shipping features quickly over shipping robust code
         | slowly. I'd argue that's a mistake, but a lot of software
         | development managers disagree with me, and their pay packet
         | often depends on that view, so they're not going to change
         | their minds any time soon.
         | 
         | In a way this is best viewed as the third age of computing. The
         | first was the mainframe age - centralised computer usage, with
         | controlled access and oversight, so mistakes were costly but
         | could be quickly recovered from. The second was the desktop PC
         | age - distributed computer usage, with less access control, so
         | mistakes were often less costly but recovering from them was
         | potentially very expensive. The third is the cloud & device
         | age, with a mix of centralised and distributed computer use, a
         | mix of access control, and potentially much lower costs of
         | recovery. In this third age if you make the wrong decisions on
         | what to prioritise (robustness vs speed of shipping), it can be
         | the worst of both the previous ages. But it doesn't have to be.
         | 
         | I hope that makes sense, and is a useful perspective for you.
        
         | adrian_b wrote:
         | It is hard to say which of the 2 is the reason, more likely
         | both, i.e. lower complexity enabled more exhaustive testing.
         | 
         | In any case _some_ of the software from before 2000 was
         | definitely better than today, i.e. it behaved like being
         | absolutely foolproof, i.e. nothing that you could do could
         | cause any crash or corrupted data or any other kind of
         | unpredictable behavior.
         | 
         | However, the computers to which most people had access at that
         | time had only single-threaded CPUs. Even if you used a
         | preemptive multitasking operating system and a heavily multi-
         | threaded application, executing it on a single-threaded CPU was
         | unlikely to expose subtle bugs due to race conditions, that
         | might have been exposed on a multi-core CPU.
         | 
         | While nowadays there exists no standard operating system that I
         | fully trust to never fail in any circumstance, unlike before
         | 2003, I wonder whether this is caused by a better quality of
         | the older programs or by the fact that it is much harder to
         | implement software concurrency correctly on systems with
         | hardware parallelism.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | Depends what you mean by better. It crashed more and there was
         | a lot of data loss, but it wasn't explicitly evil so maybe on
         | measure it was better.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.
         | 
         | Best/better because yes, QA actually existed and was important
         | for many companies - QA could "stop ship" before the final
         | master was pressed if they found something (hehe as it was
         | usually games) "game breaking". If you search around on
         | folklore or other historical sites you can find examples of
         | this - and programmers working all night with the shipping
         | manager hovering over them ready to grab the disk/disc and run
         | to the warehouse.
         | 
         | HOWEVER, updates _did_ exist - both because of bugs and
         | features, and because programmers weren 't perfect (or weren't
         | spending space-shuttle levels of effort making "perfect code" -
         | and even voyager can get updates iirc). Look at DooM for an
         | example - released on BBS and there are various versions even
         | then, and that's 1994 or so?
         | 
         | But it was the "worst" in that the frameworks and code were
         | simply not as advanced as today - you _had_ to know quite a bit
         | about how _everything_ worked, even as a simple CRUD developer.
         | Lots of protections we take for granted (even in  "lower level"
         | languages like C) simply didn't exist. Security issues
         | abounded, but people didn't care much because everything was
         | local (who cares if you can r00t your own box) - and 2000 was
         | where the Internet was really starting to take off and
         | everything was beginning to be "online" and so issues were
         | being found left and right.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | "everything was local"
           | 
           | This was the big thing. There were tons of bugs. Not really
           | bugs but vulnerabilities. Nothing a normal user doing normal
           | things would encounter, but subtle ways the program could be
           | broken. But it didn't matter nearly as much, because every
           | computer was an island, and most people didn't try to break
           | their own computer. If something caused a crash, you just
           | learned "don't do that."
           | 
           | Even so, we did have viruses that were spread by sharing
           | floppy disks.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | That's a really big part of it - bugs were ways that the
             | program wouldn't do what the user wanted - and often
             | workarounds existed (don't do that, it'll crash).
             | 
             | Nowadays those bugs still exist but a vast majority of bugs
             | are security issues - things you have to fix because
             | _others_ will exploit them if you don 't.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Define better.
         | 
         | Before 2000 fixing a bug the user would notice was expensive -
         | you had to mail them a new disk/cd. As such there was a lot
         | more effort put into testing software to ensure there were no
         | bugs users would notice.
         | 
         | However before 2000 (really 1995) the internet was not a thing
         | for most people. There were a few viruses around, but they had
         | it really hard to propagate (they still managed, but compared
         | to today it was much harder). Nobody worried about someone
         | entering something too long in various fields - it did happen,
         | but if you made your buffers "large" (say 100 bytes) most forms
         | didn't have to worry about checking for overflow because nobody
         | would type that much anyway. Note the assumption that a human
         | was typing things on a keyboard into fields to create the
         | buffer overflow. Thus a large portion of modern attacks weren't
         | an issue - we are much better at checking buffer sizes now than
         | there - they knew back then they should, but often got away
         | with being lazy and not doing it. If a vulnerability exists but
         | is never exploited do you care - thus is today better is
         | debatable.
         | 
         | In the 1990s the US had encryption export laws, if you wanted
         | to protect data often it was impossible. Modern AES didn't even
         | exist until 2001, instead we had DES (when you cared triple DES
         | which was pretty good even by today's standards) - but you were
         | not allowed to use it in a lot of places. I remember the
         | company I worked for at the time developed their own encryption
         | algorithm for export, with the marketing(!) saying something
         | like "We think it is good, but it hasn't been examined near as
         | well as DES so you should only use it if you legally you can't
         | use DES"
         | 
         | As an end user though, software was generally better. They
         | rarely had bugs anyone would notice. This came at the expense
         | of a lot more testing, and features took longer to develop.
         | Even back then it was a known trade off, and some software was
         | known to be better than others because of the effort the
         | company put into making it work before release. High risk
         | software (medical) is still developed with a lot of extra
         | testing and effort today.
         | 
         | As for the second part - software back then was plenty complex.
         | Sure today things are more complex, but I don't think that is
         | the issue. In fact in some ways things were more complex
         | because extra effort was put into optimization (200mhz CPUs
         | were the top end expensive servers, most people only had around
         | 90mhz, and more than one core was something only nerds knew was
         | possible and most of them didn't have it). As such a lot of
         | effort was put into complex algorithms that were faster at the
         | expensive of being hard to maintain. Today we have better
         | optimize rs and faster CPUs so we don't write as much complex
         | code trying to get performance.
        
         | jakevoytko wrote:
         | There are some rose-colored glasses when people say this.
         | 
         | Programs didn't auto save and regularly crashed. It was
         | extremely common to hear someone talk about losing hours of
         | work. Computers regularly blue screened at random. Device
         | drivers weren't isolated from the kernel so you could easily
         | buy a dongle or something that single-handedly destabilized
         | your system. Viruses regularly brought the white-collar economy
         | to its knees. Computer games that were just starting to come
         | online and be collaborative didn't do any validation of what
         | the client sent it (this is true sometimes now, but it was the
         | rule back then).
        
           | virgil_disgr4ce wrote:
           | It's amazing that the world has largely forgotten the terror
           | of losing entire documents forever. It happened to me. It
           | happened to everyone. And this is the only comment I've seen
           | so far here to even _mention_ this.
           | 
           | Bad old days indeed!
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Indeed, but it was pretty easy to develop the habit of
             | hitting whatever function key was bound to "Save" fairly
             | frequently. I certainly did.
             | 
             | Also auto-save is a mixed bag. With manual save, I was free
             | to start editing a document and then realize I want to save
             | it as something else, or just throw away my changes and
             | start over. With auto-save, I've already modified my
             | original. It took me quite a while to adjust to that.
        
               | EdNutting wrote:
               | I still occasionally make that auto-save mistake.
               | 
               | AI tools have caused me to trip up a few times too when I
               | fail to notice how many changes haven't been checked into
               | git, and then the tool obliterates some of its work and a
               | struggle ensues to partially revert (there are ways, both
               | in git and in AI temporary files etc). It's user error
               | but it is also a new kind of occasional mistake I have to
               | adapt to avoid. As with when auto-save started to become
               | universal.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | If your program's auto-save works like that, it's broken.
               | 
               | Almost none do, though. Auto-save almost always writes to
               | a temporary file, that is erased when you save manually.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | Google Docs and VS Code are the first two that come to
               | mind for autosave and they don't use a temp file.
        
               | jakevoytko wrote:
               | Fun fact: I was on the Google Docs team from 2010-2015.
               | Save didn't do anything but we still hooked up an
               | impression to the keystroke to measure how often people
               | tried to save. It was one of the top things people did in
               | the app at first; it was comparable to how often people
               | would bold and unbold text. And then as people gained
               | confidence it went down over time.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Yeah, source code editors tend to do that. They integrate
               | with external tools that expect to read those files, so
               | if they don't overwrite them, those tools would run the
               | wrong version. It would still be better if they didn't.
               | 
               | Text editors shouldn't do that though. And those shared-
               | view editors that don't have the concept of saving have
               | this very relevant drawback.
        
           | post-it wrote:
           | Saving also often took a long time, so people didn't do it
           | very often.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | Certainly depended on the software. But disks were slow
             | back then, and a save would commonly block the entire UI.
             | If your software produced big files you could wait for an
             | inconvenient amount of time
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | > Viruses regularly brought the white-collar economy to its
           | knees.
           | 
           | Now, it's anti-virus (Crowdstrike) that does that. I don't
           | think many or any virus or ransomware has ever had as big an
           | impact at one time as Crowdstrike did. Maybe the ILOVEYOU
           | worm.
        
         | PurpleRamen wrote:
         | It appeared better, because there were fewer features and more
         | time to develop and test. But it's also a lot of nostalgia,
         | because everything moved slower, the world was smaller, there
         | was a lower standard; people will usually remember the later
         | versions of a software, or never even encountered the earlier
         | versions. Without the internet and every one bitching about
         | every little detail, the general awareness was also different,
         | not as toxic as today.
        
         | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
         | Delta, JetBlue, American Airlines and Alaska Airlines have free
         | Internet as long as you are enrolled (for free) in their
         | loyalty programs.
         | 
         | JetBlue and Delta use ViaSat. I only fly Delta for the most
         | part and ViaSat was available on all domestic routes I've flown
         | except for the smaller A900 that I take from ATL to Southwest
         | GA (50 minute flight). Then I use my free unlimited 1 hour
         | access through T-Mobile with GoGo ground based service.
        
         | stouset wrote:
         | I've been considering that this might be an outcome of AI-
         | written software and it's the one aspect of all this that I'm
         | actually unequivocally happy about.
         | 
         | Most software written at companies is shit. It's whatever
         | garbage someone slapped together and barely got working, and
         | then they had to move onto the next thing. We end up squashing
         | a never ending list of bugs because in a time-limited world,
         | new features come first.
         | 
         | But that only really applies when the cost of good software
         | dwarfs that of barely-functioning software. And when the
         | marginal cost of polishing something is barely longer than it
         | took to write it in the first place? There's no reason not to
         | take a few passes, get all the bugs out, and polish things up.
         | Right now, AI can (and will) write an absolutely exhaustive set
         | of test cases that handles far more than a human would ever
         | have the motivation to write. And it will get better.
         | 
         | If a company can ship quality software in essentially the same
         | time as it can ship garbage, the incentives will change
         | rapidly. At least I hope so.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Yeah I don't think that is true at all. Plenty of software
         | today is very well tested, and plenty of software back then was
         | pushed out with insufficient testing due to short deadlines
         | (some probably caused by the fact that they had to press CDs).
        
         | psychoslave wrote:
         | Not all software are done with the same quality, whatever the
         | epoch.
         | 
         | It was possible to work with Ada as soon as 1980 wherever high
         | guarantee of reliability was taken seriously, for example.
         | 
         | And not everyone is Knuth with a personal human secretary in
         | well funded world-top institution.
         | 
         | In 2000s, Microsoft which was already sitting on insanely high
         | mountain of resources released Windows Millennium Edition. Ask
         | your greybeard neighbour if you are too young to remember.
         | While commercialisation started in 2000, it is the last MS-DOS-
         | based Windows version and so represent the pinnacle of what
         | Windows 9x represented, before the big switch to a NT
         | inheritance.
         | 
         | As always, the largest advantage of the good all time, is
         | selective memory. After all, people that can remember know they
         | survived the era, while present and future never provided much
         | certainty on that point.
        
         | tart-lemonade wrote:
         | It feels like rose-tinted glasses. While lots of low-hanging
         | fruit had to be plucked to be shippable, there was still plenty
         | of software which mandated specific hardware/software
         | combinations or (worse) had major bugs which weren't patched
         | but had workarounds documented in the manual, and if you
         | weren't actively reading the manual, your newly-purchased
         | software just wouldn't work (and if it was something low-level,
         | that may mean you have to reinstall the OS).
         | 
         | Then there was stuff like rwall, which could be used to scrawl
         | a message across basically every terminal connected to a
         | networked Unix box in the world by accident [0][1], and it was
         | far from the only insecure-by-design Unix software in
         | widespread use.
         | 
         | It's interesting to watch youtubers like clabretro [2],
         | NCommander [3], and Old Computers Sucked [4] who have
         | documented the slog that was setting up and patching networking
         | equipment, obscure Microsoft products, Netware, Unixes and Unix
         | hardware, old Linux distros, etc. We take so much for granted
         | these days. We don't even have to think about C/++ standards
         | compliance outside the occasional compiler bug, much less the
         | myriad of mutually-incompatible POSIX implementations that
         | helped Microsoft win the Unix wars.
         | 
         | The fact that you can just build a PC with no prior experience
         | or IT knowledge after watching an hour-long youtube video
         | rather than having to spend weeks researching hardware
         | compatibility or futzing about with IRQ levels, recompiling
         | kernels, and messing with autoexec.bat/config.sys is a
         | testament to how far we have come. You don't even have to think
         | about drivers anymore unless you have specialized equipment.
         | 
         | [0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31822138
         | 
         | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35759965
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.youtube.com/@clabretro
         | 
         | [3]: https://www.youtube.com/@NCommander
         | 
         | [4]: https://www.youtube.com/@old-computers-sucked
        
         | larodi wrote:
         | The quantity of tests, known as penetration attempts, that most
         | critical software survives today in a networked environment, is
         | magnitudes more daring that the easily-cracked software printed
         | on CDs. I really don't understand how this argument about
         | software made 26 years ago really stands any reasonable ground.
        
         | array_key_first wrote:
         | I don't think it was better, but it was generally less buggy or
         | higher quality for sure. And I think it's both because of
         | testing and because of lower complexity.
         | 
         | For example, desktop apps are actually much less complex than
         | web based applications. It doesn't really seem that way, but
         | web apps are distributed, with a client and server on separate
         | machines. That, to me, introduces a whoooole new layer of error
         | conditions and flakiness.
         | 
         | Also, QA has been largely cast aside. Nobody is really doing
         | manual click-around type testing, and nobody is writing user
         | guides anymore.
        
       | themafia wrote:
       | An AI enthusiast having a breathless and predictive position on
       | the future of the technology? No way! It's almost like Wall
       | Street is about to sour on the whole stack and there is a
       | concerted effort to artificially push these views into the
       | conversation to get people on board.
       | 
       | Then again, I'm a known crank and aggressive cynic, but you never
       | really see any gathered data backing these points up.
        
         | dieulot wrote:
         | Could you back up your assertion that Willy Tarreau -- who used
         | to maintain the Linux kernel -- is "an AI enthusiast"? I can't
         | find anything about it.
        
           | logicprog wrote:
           | Anyone who says anything good about AI must be an AI shill
           | from the start, not someone who is genuinely observing
           | reality or had their mind changed, don't you know?
        
           | cdavid wrote:
           | Also one of the initial creator of haproxy, a well known
           | reverse proxy. To imply somebody like as a simple "AI shill"
           | is just ignorant.
        
         | logicprog wrote:
         | > but you never really see any gathered data backing these
         | points up.
         | 
         | https://www.anthropic.com/news/mozilla-firefox-security
         | 
         | ?
        
         | PKop wrote:
         | Sort of a tautology to just assert that someone saying good
         | things about AI is an AI enthusiast and therefore their opinion
         | should be dismissed. He also happens to have been a kernel
         | maintainer, his experience as he's describing it should count
         | for something.
        
           | orthecreedence wrote:
           | > He also happens to have been a kernel maintainer
           | 
           | And a primary author of one of the most stable and used load
           | balancers in the history of networking.
        
       | Shank wrote:
       | Important to note that this is a comment on this article:
       | https://lwn.net/Articles/1065586/.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | "Reversing was already mostly a speed-bump even for entry-level
         | teams, who lift binaries into IR or decompile them all the way
         | back to source. Agents can do this too, but they can also
         | reason directly from assembly. If you want a problem better
         | suited to LLMs than bug hunting, program translation is a good
         | place to start."
         | 
         | Huh. Direct debugging, in assembly. At that point, why not jump
         | down to machine code?
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Decompiled assembly is basically machine code; without
           | recreating the macros that make assembly "high level" you're
           | as close to machine code as you're going to get unless you're
           | trying to exploit the CPU itself.
        
           | sharifhsn wrote:
           | For the purposes of debugging, assembly is machine code, just
           | with some nice constructs to make it easier to read.
           | Transpiling between assembly and machine code is mostly a
           | find-and-replace exercise, not like the advanced reasoning
           | involved in proper compilation.
        
             | IsTom wrote:
             | On x86/x64/variable instruction length architectures this
             | isn't always the case. You can jump in middle of an
             | instruction to get a different instruction. It can be used
             | to obfuscate code.
        
       | adverbly wrote:
       | Anecdotally, I've been seeing a higher rate of CVEs tracked by a
       | few dependabot projects.
       | 
       | Seems supported by this as well:
       | https://www.first.org/blog/20260211-vulnerability-forecast-2...
       | 
       | Interesting that it's been higher than forecast since 2023.
       | Personally I'd expect that trend to continue given that LLMs both
       | increase bugs written as well as bugs discovered.
        
       | siruwastaken wrote:
       | It's interesting to hear from people directly in the thick of it
       | that these bug reports are apparently gaining value and are no
       | longer just slop. Maybe there is hope for a world where AI helps
       | create bug free software and doesn't just overload maintainers.
        
       | HAMSHAMA wrote:
       | Probably related to this (genuinely interesting) talk given by an
       | entropic researcher
       | https://youtu.be/1sd26pWhfmg?si=j2AWyCfbNbOxU4MF
        
         | svat wrote:
         | To clarify, the talk is by an Anthropic researcher, though
         | given the subject of LLMs, "entropic researcher" also makes
         | some kind of sense.
        
       | throwatdem12311 wrote:
       | Reports being written faster than bugs being created? Better
       | quality software than before the 2000s?
       | 
       | Oh my sweet summer child.
       | 
       | This is some seriously delusional cope from someone who drank the
       | entire jug of kool-aid.
       | 
       | I'd love to be proven wrong but the current trajectory is pretty
       | plain as day from current outcomes. Everything is getting worse,
       | and everyone is getting overwhelmed and we are under attack even
       | more and the attacks are getting substantially more sophisticated
       | and the blast radius is much bigger.
        
       | 0x3f wrote:
       | Why don't we just pagerank github contributors? Merged PRs
       | approved by other quality contributors improves rank. New PRs
       | tagged by a bot with the rank of the submitter. Add more scoring
       | features (account age? employer?) as desired.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | It will be gamed, just as pagerank was.
        
           | cafebabbe wrote:
           | Not by everyone, so that would be better than nothing.
        
             | bastawhiz wrote:
             | Excited to have to do SEM for my GitHub profile so that
             | people will read my pull requests
        
               | 0x3f wrote:
               | Well it's all going to be social credit one day. Might as
               | well get in practice early.
        
           | 0x3f wrote:
           | Of course, but killing the 80% of low hanging fruit is
           | already valuable. The rest is an arms race like always.
        
       | piinbinary wrote:
       | I'd be very curious to know what class of vulnerability these
       | tend to be (buffer overrun, use after free, misset execute
       | permissions?), and if, armed with that knowledge, a deterministic
       | tool could reliably find or prevent all such vulnerabilities. Can
       | linters find these? Perhaps fuzzing? If code was written in a
       | more modern language, is it sill likely that these bugs would
       | have happened?
        
         | bri3d wrote:
         | > Can linters find these? Perhaps fuzzing?
         | 
         | That's what syzbot / syzkaller does, as mentioned in the
         | article, with somewhat similar results to the AI-fuzzing that
         | they've been experiencing recently.
         | 
         | The issue that Linux maintainers have in general is that there
         | are so many of these "strict correctness and safety" bugs in
         | the Linux codebase that they can't fix them all at once, and
         | they have no good mechanism to triage "which of these bugs is
         | accessible to create an exploit."
         | 
         | This is also the argument by which most of their bugs become
         | CVEs; in lieu of the capability to determine whether a
         | correctness bug is reachable by an attacker, any bug could be
         | an exploit, and their stance is that it's too much work to
         | decide which is which.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | It's a bigger deal than that.
           | 
           | Academically, syzkaller is just a very well orchestrated
           | fuzzer, producing random pathological inputs to system calls,
           | detecting crashes, and then producing reproductions.
           | Syzkaller doesn't "know" what it's found, and a substantial
           | fraction of what it finds are "just" crashers that won't ever
           | be weaponizable.
           | 
           | An LLM agent finding vulnerabilities is an implicit search
           | process over a corpus of inferred vulnerability patterns and
           | inferred program structure. It's stochastic static program
           | analysis (until you have the agent start testing). It's
           | generating (and potentially verifying) hypotheses about
           | actual vulnerabilities in the code.
           | 
           | That distinction is mostly academic. The bigger deal is:
           | syzkaller crashes are part of the corpora of inputs agents
           | will use to verify hypotheses about how to exploit Linux.
           | It's an open secret that there are significant
           | vulnerabilities encoded in the (mostly public!) corpus of
           | syzbot crash reproductions; nobody has time to fish them out.
           | But agents do, and have the added advantage of being able to
           | quickly place a crash reproduction in the inferred context of
           | kernel internals.
        
             | bri3d wrote:
             | Yes, once we reach the broader conversation (I actually
             | didn't initially grasp that the OP post was a sub-article
             | under another one on LWN which then linked out to yet
             | another article called "Vulnerability Research is Cooked"),
             | I completely agree.
             | 
             | Modern LLMs are _exceptionally_ good at developing X-marks-
             | the-spot vulnerabilities into working software; I fed an
             | old RSA validation mistake in an ECU to someone in a GitHub
             | comment the other day and they had Claude build them a
             | working firmware reflashing tool within a matter of hours.
             | 
             | I think that the market for "using LLMs to triage bug-
             | report inputs by asking it to produce working PoCs" is
             | incredibly under-leveraged so far and if I were more
             | entrepreneurial-minded at this junction I would even
             | consider a company in this space. I'm a little surprised
             | that both this article and most of the discussion under it
             | hasn't gone that direction yet.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | (I wrote the "Cooked" article, I'm not entirely sure why
               | people are commenting on it on LWN.)
        
       | 3form wrote:
       | >people will finally understand that security bugs are bugs, and
       | that the only sane way to stay safe is to periodically update,
       | without focusing on "CVE-xxx"
       | 
       | The problem is that the very same tools, I expect, are behind the
       | supply chain attacks that seem to be particularly notorious
       | recently. No matter where you turn, there's an edge to cut you on
       | that one.
        
       | chromacity wrote:
       | > people will finally understand that security bugs are bugs, and
       | that the only sane way to stay safe is to periodically update,
       | without focusing on "CVE-xxx"
       | 
       | Linux devs keep making that point, but I really don't understand
       | why they expect the world to embrace that thinking. You don't
       | need to care about the vast majority of software defects in
       | Linux, save for the once-in-a-decade filesystem corruption bug.
       | In fact, there is an incentive _not_ to upgrade when things are
       | working, because it takes effort to familiarize yourself with new
       | features, decide what should be enabled and what should be
       | disabled, etc. And while the Linux kernel takes compatibility
       | seriously, most distros do not and introduce compatibility-
       | breaking changes with regularity. Binary compatibility is non-
       | existent. Source compatibility is a crapshoot.
       | 
       | In contrast, you absolutely need to care about security bugs that
       | allow people to run code on your system. So of course people want
       | to treat security bugs differently from everything else and
       | prioritize them.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Yeah that attitude really makes no sense, and I don't see why
         | AI finding security bugs would make people "finally
         | understand".
         | 
         | I suspect it's just an excuse for Linux's generally poor
         | security track record.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Everything has a poor security track record. That's the
           | point.
        
             | akerl_ wrote:
             | Well, except OpenBSD. They've only had two vulns in
             | forever.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | You mean "in the default install, in a heck of a long
               | time". :)
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | Only two remote code execution vulnerabilities in the
               | default configuration. But that's not the only type of
               | security bug.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | They're trolling me. :)
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | As `tptacek caught on to, I was joking since OpenBSD's
               | published claim is such a convenient comparison to the
               | idea upthread that Linux specifically had a poor track
               | record.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | 1. That's bollocks. Obvious bullshit. All software doesn't
             | have the same security track record. Do you also think
             | sendmail and seL4 have an equally poor security track
             | record?
             | 
             | 2. Even if everything _did_ have an equally poor security
             | track record, why would that mean security bugs are no more
             | significant than any other bug?
             | 
             | Honestly I'm dubious you've thought about this at all.
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | Without even wading into trying to rank projects by track
               | record, it's worth noting that "Everything has a poor
               | security track record" and "All software doesn't have the
               | same security track record" are not contradictory
               | statements.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I didn't say "all software has the same security track
               | record". seL4 has a much better track record than
               | Sendmail by dint of not doing very much. I'm pretty
               | comfortable with what people do and don't think about how
               | much thinking I've done on this topic. Done much work
               | with L4?
        
         | DarkNova6 wrote:
         | And this is the best-case scenario. Because once updates become
         | opt-out it simply becomes an attack vector of another type.
         | 
         | If the updated code is not open source, you are trusting
         | blindly that not some kind of different remote code execution
         | just happened without you knowing it.
        
           | franktankbank wrote:
           | If you don't personally review every line then you are
           | already trusting blindly.
        
             | hyperpape wrote:
             | As blind as my belief that Asia exists, because I haven't
             | personally navigated there. Hell, I've used electricity
             | (using it right now), but I couldn't do the experiments you
             | need to do to get myself to an 1850s level of understanding
             | of how it works, much less our current level.
             | 
             | I trust that Linux has a process. I do not believe it is
             | perfect. But it gives me a better assurance than
             | downloading random packages from PyPi (though I believe
             | that the most recent release of any random package on PyPi
             | is still more likely safe than not--it's just a numbers
             | game).
        
               | franktankbank wrote:
               | I get what you are saying but as you said, if you are
               | already under attack you can't trust your own computer,
               | you just hope that you aren't downloading another
               | exploit/bogus update. Real software I imagine is not so
               | easy to pwn so completely but I don't know.
        
               | jcul wrote:
               | Maybe just not the very latest.
               | 
               | https://blog.yossarian.net/2025/11/21/We-should-all-be-
               | using...
        
         | rcxdude wrote:
         | I think part of it is that, especially at the kernel level, it
         | can be hard to really categorise bugs into security or not-
         | security (it has happened in the past that an exploit has used
         | a bug that was not thought to be a security problem). There's
         | good reason to want to avoid updates which add new features and
         | such (because such changes can introduce more bugs), but linux
         | has LTS releases which contain only bug fixes (regardless of
         | security impact) for that situation, and in that case you can
         | just stay up to date with very minimal risk of disruption.
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | And if you're the kind of person who cares about that, you pay
         | a vendor that gives you 10 years on the same distro version.
         | 
         | Or just use an off-brand RHEL I guess.
        
         | the__alchemist wrote:
         | Details are important, but my mental model has settled as:
         | _Security bugs_ are being use in a manner to how politicians
         | use _think of the children_. It 's used as an auto-win button.
         | There are things to me that compete with them in priorities.
         | (Performance, functionality, friction, convenience,
         | compatibility etc); it's one thing to weigh. In some cases, I
         | am asking: "Why is this program or functionality an attack
         | surface? Why can someone on the internet write to this system?"
         | 
         | Many times, there will be a system that's core purpose is to
         | perform some numerical operations, display things in a UI,
         | accept user input via buttons etc, and I'm thinking "This has a
         | [mandatory? automatic? People are telling me I have to do this
         | or my life will be negatively affected in some important way?]
         | security update? There's a vulnerability?" I think: Someone
         | really screwed up at a foundational requirements level!.
        
           | warkdarrior wrote:
           | > In some cases, I am asking: "Why is this program or
           | functionality an attack surface? Why can someone on the
           | internet write to this system?"
           | 
           | With the help of LLMs, every software not in a vault has an
           | attack surface. LLMs are quite good at finding different,
           | non-obvious paths, and you can easily test their exploit
           | candidates.
        
         | socalgal2 wrote:
         | > Linux devs keep making that point, but I really don't
         | understand why they expect the world to embrace that thinking.
         | You don't need to care about the vast majority of software
         | defects in Linux, save for the once-in-a-decade filesystem
         | corruption bug.
         | 
         | The point is that all of those bugs are now trivial to exploit
         | and so will be exploited
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | >it takes effort to familiarize yourself with new features,
         | decide what should be enabled and what should be disabled, etc.
         | 
         | What features? I update my rolling release once a month and
         | nothing changes for the last 10 ish years. Maybe pipewire/pulse
         | thingy was annoying and bluetooth acted a bit. With docker on
         | rpi I even upgrade the whole zoo of things by just rebooting.
        
       | psychoslave wrote:
       | >software that used to follow the "release-then-go-back-to-cave"
       | model will have to change to start dealing with maintenance for
       | real, or to just stop being proposed to the world as the
       | ultimate-tool-for-this-and-that because every piece of software
       | becomes a target.
       | 
       | Actually, some software are running the water-heater/heat-pump
       | system in my basement. There is a small blue light screen, it
       | keeps logs of consumed electricity/produced heat and can make
       | small histograms. Of course there is a smart option to make it
       | internet connected. The kind of functionality I'm glad it's
       | disabled by default and not enforced to be able to operate. If
       | possible, I'll never upgrade it. Release then go back to the cave
       | has definitely its place in many actual physical product in the
       | world.
       | 
       | I'll deal with enough WTF software security in my daily job
       | during my career. Sparing some cognitive load of whatever
       | appliance being turned into a brick because the company that
       | produced it or some script-kiddy-on-ai-steroid decided it was
       | desirable to do so, that's more time to do whatever other thing
       | cosmos allows to explore.
        
         | mentalgear wrote:
         | There's an anecdote I remember reading somewhere: When an
         | 'embedded systems' engineer was to present a web-based product
         | they were tasked to build, the managers/reviewers were puzzled
         | they couldn't find any bugs. Asked about this, the engineer
         | replied: "I didn't know that was an option".
         | 
         | Definitely a different mindset/toolset is required when it
         | comes to building systems that have to be working autonomously
         | without "quick fixes" from the web.
        
           | johnmaguire wrote:
           | Yes but I would push back a little on the idea that you
           | simply put yourself in a "mindset of writing bug-free code."
           | 
           | Simpler code has fewer bugs. Embedded code tends to be
           | simpler and more targeted in its role. Of course, putting
           | yourself in the mindset of writing simpler code is great too
           | - if you have the time to do so, and the problem you are
           | solving is itself sufficiently simple.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Embedded code is also simpler because it has to be. When
             | you are confined to a microcontroller, there isn't room for
             | bloated app frameworks, hundreds of NPM packages, etc.
        
               | jasomill wrote:
               | Depends on whether there's room in the budget to
               | integrate something like a full-fat Raspberry Pi board,
               | at which point, your light switches and thermostats can
               | be full-fledged Kubernetes nodes if you like.
               | 
               | Never underestimate software developers' ability to
               | simultaneously over- and underengineer a solution,
               | especially if the only limitation is hardware cost (read:
               | somebody else's problem).
        
           | yencabulator wrote:
           | Web interfaces in embedded systems are very common remote
           | exploit mechanisms, so this anecdote for sure isn't the
           | typical experience.
        
         | larodi wrote:
         | My gut feeling and expectation is that people will be turning
         | their internet off at night, and at all times. At least for a
         | while until this whole new security situation somehow settles
         | with newly invented automation.
         | 
         | May sound weird, but as author of previous comment noted - a
         | lot of appliances need not be connected ever and still benefit
         | humanity.
        
       | tyre wrote:
       | I wish they wouldn't call it "AI slop" before acknowledging that
       | most of the bugs are correct.
       | 
       | Let's bring a bit of nuance between mindless drivel (e.g.
       | LinkedIn influencing posts, spammed issues that are LLMs making
       | mistakes) vs using LLMs to find/build useful things.
        
         | _se wrote:
         | It can be correct and slop at the same time. The reporter could
         | have reported it in a way that makes it clear a human reviewed
         | and cared about the report.
         | 
         | Slop is a function of how the information is presented and how
         | the tools are used. People don't care if you use LLMs if they
         | don't tell you can use them, they care when you send them a
         | bunch of bullshit with 5% of value buried inside it.
         | 
         | If you're reading something and you can tell an LLM wrote it,
         | you should be upset. It means the author doesn't give a fuck.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | No it can't. These aren't "Show HN" posts about new programs
           | people have conjured with Claude. They're either
           | vulnerabilities or they're not. There's no such thing as a
           | "slop vulnerability". The people who exploit those
           | vulnerabilities do not care how much earlier reporters "gave
           | a fuck" about their report.
           | 
           | This is in the linked story: they're seeing increased numbers
           | of _duplicate findings_ , meaning, whatever valid bugs
           | showboating LLM-enabled Good Samaritans are finding, quiet
           | LLM-enabled attackers are also finding.
           | 
           | People doing software security are going to need to get over
           | the LLM agent snootiness real quick. Everyone else can keep
           | being snooty! But not here.
        
             | parliament32 wrote:
             | > There's no such thing as a "slop vulnerability"
             | 
             | https://daniel.haxx.se/blog/2025/07/14/death-by-a-
             | thousand-s...
             | 
             | See the list at the bottom of the post for examples.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Those _aren 't vulnerabilities_. You're missing the
               | point.
               | 
               | Nobody is saying there's no such thing as a slop report.
               | Not only are there, but slop vulnerability reports as a
               | time-consuming annoying phenomenon predate LLM chatbots
               | by almost a decade. There's a whole cottage industry that
               | deals with them.
               | 
               | Or did. Obsolete now.
        
             | _se wrote:
             | Everyone is free to be as snooty as they like. If a report
             | is harder to read/understand/validate because the author
             | just yolo'ed it with an LLM, that's on the report author,
             | not on the maintainers.
             | 
             | It's not okay to foist work onto other people because you
             | don't think LLM slop is a problem. It is absolutely a
             | problem, and no amount of apologizing and pontificating is
             | going to change that.
             | 
             | Grow up and own your work. Stop making excuses for other
             | people. Help make the world better, not worse. It's obvious
             | that LLMs can be useful for this purpose, so people should
             | use them well and make the reports useful. Period.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Try to make this sentiment coherent. "It's not OK to
               | foist work onto other people". Ok, sure, I won't. The
               | vulnerability still exists. The maintainers just don't
               | get to know about it. I do, I guess. But not them:
               | telling them would "make the world worse".
        
         | geraldcombs wrote:
         | If I read the sentence correctly they're saying that past
         | reports were AI slop, but the state of the art has advanced and
         | that current reports are valid. This matches trends I've seen
         | on the projects I work on.
        
         | thinkharderdev wrote:
         | I think they are saying what you want them to say. In the past
         | they got a bunch of AI slop and now they are getting a lot of
         | legit bug reports. The implication being that the AI got better
         | at finding (and writing reports of) real bugs.
        
       | ori_b wrote:
       | Or we can stop putting everything on the internet as a vector for
       | enforced enshittification.
        
       | amiga386 wrote:
       | This is "the bomber will always get through" mentality for the
       | modern era. You will invent air defences. You will write fewer
       | bugs. You will leave code that doesn't have bugs alone, so it
       | gains no more bugs. You will build software that finds bugs as
       | easily as you think "enemies" find bugs, and you'll run it before
       | you release your code.
       | 
       | What's the saying? Given many eyes, all bugs are shallow? Well,
       | here are some more eyes.
        
       | michelwague wrote:
       | this is what i'm seeing on a micro scale. i pointed a code-
       | davinci-002 model at my own repo and it found a subtle off-by-
        
       | mirax wrote:
       | This really comforts me :) I'm looking forward to a more secure
       | and private IT future.
        
       | sigbottle wrote:
       | I'm actually curious about AI progress:
       | 
       | There's no way the AI is a priori understanding codebases with
       | millions of LoC now. We've tried that already, it failed. What it
       | is doing now is setting up its own extremely powerful test
       | harnesses and getting the information and testing it efficiently.
       | 
       | Sure, its semantic search is already strong, but the real lesson
       | that we've learned from 2025 is that tooling is way more
       | powerful.
       | 
       | That's cool! I've always wanted to learn how kernel devs properly
       | test stuff reliably but it seemed hard. As someone who's dabbled
       | in kernel dev for his job. Like real variable hardware, and not
       | just manual testing shit.
       | 
       | Honestly, AI has only helped me become a better SWE because no
       | one else has the time or patience to teach me.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | What do you mean "a priori understanding codebases"? Quantify
         | it and let's test specifically what you mean. Linux is huge.
        
           | par1970 wrote:
           | > What do you mean "a priori understanding codebases"?
           | 
           | I took him to be distinguishing between (1) just reading the
           | code/docs and reasoning about it, and (2) that + crafting and
           | running tests.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | I don't think that's it; both reading the code and running
             | tests are a posteriori capabilities.
        
               | par1970 wrote:
               | Yeah, maybe you are right. But is doing math and
               | reasoning about Turing machines a priori? If so, then it
               | seems plausible to me that reasoning about a codebase
               | (without running it) is also 'a priori'.
        
               | sigbottle wrote:
               | No you're right. I initially thought you were wrong but
               | it is sus.
               | 
               | My intuition for a priori cut something along the lines
               | of, "Even if you had the entire source code in your head
               | at once, there's limits to reasoning about it".
               | Computability is one hard result. You also have to
               | interact with the real world on a wide variety of
               | hardware systems, or even just a wide variety of systems
               | if you create an API - how do you reason _past_ the
               | abstraction boundary reliably without actually having
               | tests and interacting with systems and getting feedback?
               | Not really possible unless LLM 's control everything.
               | More philosophical questions (such as "is our 'correct'
               | actually the right thing?") we grant the easy case that
               | everybody's in consensus - the "easier" problems show up
               | either way.
               | 
               | But getting to the point of "understanding in principle
               | every piece of linux" is pretty undefined and practically
               | doesn't seem possible for a singular LLM or a human. This
               | also seems really hairy for smuggling in whatever
               | implicit premises you want to swing the issue either way.
               | 
               | But personally I (and many other people) have seen late
               | 2025 models get extremely good, and that precisely is
               | because they actually started doing deep tooling and
               | like, actually running and testing their code. I was not
               | getting nearly as much value out of them (still a decent
               | amount of value!) prior to the tooling explosion, not
               | even MCPs were good. It was when they actually started
               | aggressively spawning subshells and executing live tests.
               | But I guess using a priori/posterioi isn't really a
               | useful split here?
        
       | motbus3 wrote:
       | The slapocalipse is here, but I would propose the idea that open
       | source maintainer get free access to AI tools from these big
       | companies, so at least they can aggregate the problems and have
       | some level of automation of the process.
       | 
       | For me, this seems something that would make sense for all dev
       | community to push for.
        
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