[HN Gopher] Further human + AI + proof assistant work on Knuth's...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Further human + AI + proof assistant work on Knuth's "Claude
       Cycles" problem
        
       _Knuth Claude 's Cycles note update: problem now fully solved, by
       LLMs_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47306926 - March 2026
       (2 comments)
       https://chatgpt.com/share/69aaab4b-888c-8003-9a02-d1df80f9c7...
       _Claude 's Cycles [pdf]_ -
       https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47230710 - March 2026 (362
       comments)
        
       Author : mean_mistreater
       Score  : 118 points
       Date   : 2026-03-28 18:38 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | adrithmetiqa wrote:
       | Super interesting but what does this mean for us mere mortals?
        
         | brcmthrowaway wrote:
         | Learn plumbing
        
           | NitpickLawyer wrote:
           | I know your reply was half joking, so please take this the
           | same way, but ... are you sure about that?
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1ip68Vv7NE
        
             | piloto_ciego wrote:
             | This is truly amazing. Do people not really realize how
             | amazing stuff like this is? I feel like I'm taking crazy
             | pills here, but man, it certainly feels like we're on the
             | edge of something quite amazing...
        
               | siva7 wrote:
               | Autonomous robots murdering humans in warfare? That's at
               | least the sense i got from reading this news site the
               | past few days
        
           | dakolli wrote:
           | AI isn't replacing anything, get over yourself.
        
             | brcmthrowaway wrote:
             | Arent you using Claude?
        
           | oytis wrote:
           | There is no reason why market for plumbing will get much
           | larger than it is now (which is not too large)
        
             | Hasslequest wrote:
             | Surely AI has to take a shit eventually. What's all this
             | racket about water usage?
        
           | incognito124 wrote:
           | Where I live it's bathroom and kitchen tiling
        
           | radu_floricica wrote:
           | This is kindof the opposite? Man + AI > either man or AI. I'd
           | say "learn to work with Claude" is the better lesson here.
        
             | zoogeny wrote:
             | For now. The term people use is "centaur", like the half-
             | man-half-horse of mythology.
             | 
             | The AI CEO's are pointing out that when chess was "solved",
             | in that Kasparov was famously beaten by deep blue, there
             | was a window of time after that event where grandmasters +
             | computers were the strongest players. The
             | knowledge/experience of a grandmaster paired with the
             | search/scoring of the engines was an unbeatable pair.
             | 
             | However, that was just a window in time. Eventually engines
             | alone were capable of beating grandmaster + engine pairs.
             | Think about that carefully. It implies something. The human
             | involvement eventually became an impediment.
             | 
             | Whether you believe this will transfer to other domains is
             | up to you to decide.
        
         | dataviz1000 wrote:
         | I got Claude to self reference and update its own instructions
         | to solve making a typed proxy API of any website. After a week,
         | scores of iterations, it can reverse engineer any website. The
         | first few days I had to be deeply involved with each iteration
         | loop. Domain knowledge is helpful. Each time I saw a problem I
         | would ask Claude to update its instructions so it doesn't
         | happen again. Then less and less. Eventually it got to the
         | point it was updating and improving the metrics every iteration
         | unsupervised.
         | 
         | Edit: This is going to have huge ramifications for the tech
         | security industry as these systems will be able to break
         | security systems as easily it solved the proof. The sooner the
         | good guys, if there are any left, understand this the better it
         | will be for everybody.
         | 
         | > Super interesting but what does this mean for us mere
         | mortals?
         | 
         | I would go for a 2 or 3 hour walk with my phone using the
         | remote control feature looking every 5 - 10 minutes to make
         | sure it doesn't need human help. I went to the coffeeshop and
         | drank very good coffee listening to music. Then at night I sat
         | and had a beer thinking about T.S. Eliot's 'The Wasteland', the
         | effect of industrialization in England at that time and his
         | views of how ennui affected the aristocracy.
        
           | DrewADesign wrote:
           | > I went to the coffeeshop and drank very good coffee
           | listening to music. Then at night I sat and had a beer
           | thinking about T.S. Eliot's 'The Wasteland', the effect of
           | industrialization in England at that time and his views of
           | how ennui affected the aristocracy.
           | 
           | Well, for those among us that are not aristocracy already,
           | except for the vanishingly small number of people required to
           | oversee such processes, we're probably the closest we're
           | going to get to it. If they don't need people to do the tech
           | labor, we've got way more people than we need, so that's a
           | huge oversupply of tech skills, which means tech skills are
           | rapidly becoming worthless. Glad to see how fast we're moving
           | in our very own race to the bottom!
        
             | drfloyd51 wrote:
             | I kind of feel like software engineers working on improving
             | AI are traitors working against other SE's trying to make a
             | living.
             | 
             | However...
             | 
             | I have to acknowledge my craft of SE has been putting
             | people out of work for decades. I myself came up with
             | business process improvement that directly let the company
             | release about 20 people. I did this twice.
             | 
             | So... fair play.
        
               | mannanj wrote:
               | Aren't the true traitors still the ones paying the SE to
               | do that work? The managerial slave-master class?
        
               | drfloyd51 wrote:
               | You always have a choice to make. You make it everyday.
               | Get up. Go to a legitimate job. Work.
               | 
               | You probably choose not to steal, rob, impersonate
               | someone else, or generally make money illegally.
               | 
               | It can be traitors all the way down.
        
               | marsten wrote:
               | In the grand scheme it's good to invent things that
               | replace human labor. It frees up people to do more
               | interesting things. The goal should be to put everyone
               | out of a job.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | >It frees up people to do more interesting things
               | 
               | Like beg on the corners and starve in the street? Trying
               | to figure out how the basics of capitalism where labor is
               | exchanged for money is not going to work well when the
               | only jobs left are side gigs. Something will have to
               | change and a lot of People will fight said change.
        
               | DowsingSpoon wrote:
               | I've thought about this myself. Couple of points:
               | 
               | 1) It's not my job to fix all the problems of Capitalism.
               | It's painful to try to fight the system without
               | collective action. My family and I have to eat too.
               | 
               | 2) We have had a solution all along for the particular
               | problem of AI putting devs out of work. It's called
               | professional licensure, and you can see it in action in
               | engineering and medical fields. Professional Software
               | Engineers would assume a certain amount of liability and
               | responsibility for the software they develop. That's
               | regardless of whether they develop it with LLM tools or
               | something else.
               | 
               | For example, you let your tools write slop that you ship
               | without even looking? And it goes on to wreak havoc?
               | That's professional malpractice. Bad engineer.
               | 
               | If we do this then Software Engineers become the
               | responsible humans in the loop of so-called "AI" systems.
        
               | drfloyd51 wrote:
               | It's not your job to fix capitalism. But it is your job
               | to evaluate if your money making skill comes at too high
               | a price for others.
               | 
               | Say you found a job shooting people in the head for
               | money. Like if you work for ICE or something...
               | 
               | You need to feed your family. Is this job ok? You may
               | decide yes. I decided no. I will find another way to feed
               | my family.
               | 
               | You don't get to escape consequences because you are a
               | small cog in a large system.
               | 
               | In the bigger picture, automation should free people from
               | labor. But that requires some very greedy people to relax
               | their grip ever so slightly. I imagine they see
               | automation as a way to reduce reliance on labor, and if
               | they don't need labor, they don't need people. So let
               | them starve and stop having kids.
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | We will come up with new jobs, like we have for all of
               | human history. I think even in an abundance utopia people
               | will still work - we need purpose to sustain our
               | existence.
               | 
               | The work will become even more fulfilling however.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > The goal should be to put everyone out of a job.
               | 
               | Yeah, but why does it need to take the fun jobs first,
               | like painting, writing poems, coding, making music, ...
               | 
               | I want the AI to cook, do the dishes, take out the trash,
               | etc.
        
             | psychoslave wrote:
             | Lol,a race to the bottom where too many tech savvy people
             | are left unemployed while a few "privileged" get a
             | decreasing buying power to maintain security of the digital
             | tools that keep the whole digital dependent civilizations
             | afloat?
             | 
             | Sounds like a great starting plot for an interesting story.
        
           | frizlab wrote:
           | > I would go for a 2 or 3 hour walk with my phone using the
           | remote control feature looking every 5 - 10 minutes to make
           | sure it doesn't need human help.
           | 
           | That is a nightmarish scenario tbh
        
             | falcor84 wrote:
             | Nightmarish?! In comparison to the average person's actual
             | job? I'm pretty sure that many people out there would sign
             | up for a battle royale for a chance at such a job.
        
               | siva7 wrote:
               | Would they? I'd love to get in touch
        
               | falcor84 wrote:
               | My clients have been burned before. Once you set up the
               | battle royale with a trusted third party validating that
               | there'll be an assured good job at the end, I promise
               | I'll have enough candidates for you to fill up the first
               | 10 competitions.
        
             | ChrisClark wrote:
             | So sitting at a desk is nicer than a walk outside for you?
             | Why would relaxation be a nightmare?
        
               | frizlab wrote:
               | Checking one's phone every 5 to 10 minutes is nothing but
               | relaxation. One needs to have the mind at ease to relax.
        
             | dataviz1000 wrote:
             | That nightmarish scenario is what T.S. Eliot was describing
             | in "The Wasteland" which "portrays deep, existential ennui
             | and boredom as defining symptoms of modern life following
             | World War I."
             | 
             | Later this boredom was described by the Stones, "And though
             | she's not really ill / There's a little yellow pill / She
             | goes running for the shelter of a mother's little helper".
             | 
             | It is a nightmare. Mostly what I'm thinking about while the
             | agents are running is how bored I'm going to be. That is
             | the joke, my deep thought on T.S. Eliot are about the
             | wasteland this thing is going to create.
        
           | troupo wrote:
           | > I would go for a 2 or 3 hour walk with my phone using the
           | remote control feature looking every 5 - 10 minutes
           | 
           | 2-3 hours "walking" while having to check in every 5-10
           | minutes?
           | 
           | If I have to check in every 5-10 minutes, I won't taste
           | coffee _or_ hear that there 's good music playing.
        
             | xvector wrote:
             | Just Claude code a push notification feature then
        
           | virtue3 wrote:
           | That's fucking insane. Thank you for sharing.
           | 
           | I had a bad feeling we were basically already there.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | I have similar amounts of success (pretty good!) standing in
           | line at a coffee shop talking to people who work for me
           | through some action that needs to be taken and doing the same
           | with AI.
           | 
           | However I do not trust AI anywhere near as much as I trust
           | the humans. The AI is super capable but also occasionally a
           | psychopath toddler. I sat in amused astonishment when faced
           | with job 2 not running because job 1 was failing Claude went
           | in to the database, changed the failure record to success,
           | triggered job 2 which produced harmful garbage, and then
           | claimed victory. Only the most troubled person would even
           | think of doing that, but Claude thought it was the best
           | solution.
        
           | dunder_cat wrote:
           | > Edit: This is going to have huge ramifications for the tech
           | security industry as these systems will be able to break
           | security systems as easily it solved the proof. The sooner
           | the good guys, if there are any left, understand this the
           | better it will be for everybody.
           | 
           | What can the good guys do? Fire up Claude to improve their
           | systems? Unless you have it working fully autonomously to
           | counter-act abuse, I don't see how you can beat the "bad
           | guys". There may be some industries where this is a solved
           | problem (e.g. you can do all the validation server-sided,
           | religiously follow best practices to prevent and mitigate
           | abuse), but a lot of stuff like multiplayer video games will
           | be doomed unless they move to a "you must use a locked down
           | system we control" model. I honestly don't consider it
           | liberating as someone that has various hobby projects, that
           | now in addition to plain old DDoS I'll also have people spin
           | up layer 7 attacks with just their credit card. It almost
           | makes me want to give up instead of pushing forward in a
           | world where the worst of the worst has access to the best of
           | the best.
        
           | ale wrote:
           | This type of slop comment is somehow worse than spam.
           | 
           | >After a week, scores of iterations, it can reverse engineer
           | any website
           | 
           | Cool, let's see the proof.
        
             | dataviz1000 wrote:
             | I posted a link but don't want to spam HN more than I have.
             | 
             | It is proof-of-concept. Seriously burns some tokens (~80k -
             | ~200k) but doesn't require AI after to scrape and automate
             | a website so if all the people at Browser Use, Browser
             | Base, and every one pounding every website used it, I
             | think, the net benefit would be in the billions. I would
             | recommend using it in isolation. Nonetheless, it works very
             | very well on my machine.
             | 
             | > This type of slop comment is somehow worse than spam.
             | 
             | Please don't be mean.
        
             | emp17344 wrote:
             | There is no proof, just a self-congratulatory word salad
             | with dubious authenticity.
             | 
             | It's insane how insufferable this place is now.
        
               | dataviz1000 wrote:
               | Here is a description of the iteration loop. [0] I'm
               | working on another draft that will be much more polished
               | and have better explanations of the iteration loop.
               | 
               | > There is no proof, just a self-congratulatory word
               | salad with dubious authenticity.
               | 
               | I worked 8 days straight on that and have been working
               | non-stop on the second draft that is much cleaner and
               | safer. I'm a human being. Please don't be mean. If
               | humanity does come to end, it won't be because of AI, it
               | will be because we can't stop being assholes to each
               | other.
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://github.com/adam-s/intercept/tree/main?tab=readme-
               | ov-...
        
         | TrainedMonkey wrote:
         | My understanding is that, if confirmed, this demonstrates that
         | AI can find novel solutions. This is a strong counterpoint to
         | generative-AI-is-strictly-limited-to-training-data.
        
           | dijksterhuis wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaFold ...
           | 
           | we've had AlphaFold for a while. it's not a novel that we
           | have ML solutions that can find, erm, novel solutions.
           | 
           | however, by and large, most LLMs as typically used by most
           | individuals aren't solving novel problems. and in those
           | scenarios, we often end up with regurgitated/most
           | common/lowest common denominator outputs... it's a
           | probability distribution thing.
        
           | psychoslave wrote:
           | Put in the hands of great mathematicians, pencil and paper
           | proved able to write proofs of open problems.
        
         | heliumtera wrote:
         | That llms in the middle of everything will continue until
         | morale improve because llms can generate text on top of
         | bullshit made up problems
        
         | muskstinks wrote:
         | Another signal that we still have relevant progress in ai.
         | 
         | Also that it is now good enough to make researchers faster.
        
       | gnarlouse wrote:
       | out of curiosity, i wonder if people are taking stabs at p!=np
        
       | vatsachak wrote:
       | I've always said this but AI will win a fields medal before being
       | able to manage a McDonald's.
       | 
       | Math seems difficult to us because it's like using a hammer (the
       | brain) to twist in a screw (math).
       | 
       | LLMs are discovering a lot of new math because they are great at
       | low depth high breadth situations.
       | 
       | I predict that in the future people will ditch LLMs in favor of
       | AlphaGo style RL done on Lean syntax trees. These should be able
       | to think on much larger timescales.
       | 
       | Any professional mathematician will tell you that their arsenal
       | is ~ 10 tricks. If we can codify those tricks as latent vectors
       | it's GG
        
         | smokel wrote:
         | I think this is mostly about existing legislature, not about
         | technology.
         | 
         | In any other context than when your paycheck depends on it, you
         | would probably not be following orders from a random manager.
         | If your paycheck depended on following the instructions of an
         | AI robot, the world might start to look pretty scary real soon.
        
           | vatsachak wrote:
           | There's a lot to being a manager
           | 
           | - Coherent customer interaction
           | 
           | - Common sense judgements
           | 
           | - Scheduling
           | 
           | - Quality control
           | 
           | All which are baked into humans but not so much into LLMs
           | 
           | Even if it were legal to have an LLM as a GM, I think it
           | would fair poorly
        
           | throw3747488 wrote:
           | AI actually has to follow all rules, even the bad rules. Like
           | when autonomous car drives super carefully.
           | 
           | Imagine mcdonald management would enforce dog related rules.
           | No more filthy muppets! If dog harasses customers, AI would
           | call cops, and sue for restraining order! If dog defecates in
           | middle of restaurant, everything would get desinfected, not
           | just smeared with towels!
           | 
           | Nutters would crucify AI management!
        
         | vatsachak wrote:
         | Tricks are nothing but patterns in the logical formulae we
         | reduce.
         | 
         | Ergo these are latent vectors in our brain. We use analogies
         | like geometry in order to use Algebraic Geometry to solve
         | problems in Number Theory.
         | 
         | An AI trained on Lean Syntax trees might develop it's own weird
         | versions of intuition that might actually properly contain
         | ours.
         | 
         | If this sounds far fetched, look at Chess. I wonder if anyone
         | has dug into StockFish using mechanistic interpretability
        
           | slopinthebag wrote:
           | Stockfish's power comes from mostly search, and the ML
           | techniques it uses are mainly about better search, i.e.
           | pruning branches more efficiently.
        
             | vatsachak wrote:
             | The weights must still have some understanding of the chess
             | board. Though there is always the chance that it makes no
             | sense to us
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | Even that is probably too much. It has no understanding
               | of what "chess" is, or what a chess board is, or even
               | what a game is. And yet it crushes every human with ease.
               | It's pretty nuts haha.
        
               | anematode wrote:
               | Actually, the neural net itself is fairly imprecise.
               | Search is required for it to achieve good play. Here's an
               | example of me beating Stockfish 18 at depth 1:
               | https://lichess.org/XmITiqmi
        
               | Sopel wrote:
               | chess is just a simple mathematical construct so that's
               | not surprising
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | Does Stockfish have weights or use a neural net? I know
               | older versions did not.
        
               | Sopel wrote:
               | yes
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Why must it involve understanding? I feel like you're
               | operating under the assumption that functionalism is the
               | "correct" philosophical framework without considering
               | alternative views.
        
             | Sopel wrote:
             | The ML techniques it uses are only about evaluation, but
             | you were close
        
           | myffical wrote:
           | Some DeepMind researchers used mechanistic interpretability
           | techniques to find concepts in AlphaZero and teach them to
           | human chess Grandmasters:
           | https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2406675122
        
         | slopinthebag wrote:
         | > AI will win a fields medal before being able to manage a
         | McDonald's
         | 
         | Of course, because it takes multi-modal intelligence to manage
         | a McDonalds. I.e. it requires human intelligence.
         | 
         | > I predict that in the future people will ditch LLMs in favor
         | of AlphaGo style RL
         | 
         | Same for coding as well. LLM's might be the interface we use
         | with other forms of AI though.
        
           | vatsachak wrote:
           | Something like building Linux is more akin to managing a
           | McDonald's than it is to a 10 page technical proof in
           | Algebraic Groups.
           | 
           | Programming is more multimodal than math.
           | 
           | Something like performance engineering might be free lunch
           | though
        
             | slopinthebag wrote:
             | Yeah, it's hard to compare management and programming but
             | they're both multimodal in very different ways. But there's
             | gonna be entire domains in which AI dominates much like
             | stockfish, but stockfish isn't managing franchises and
             | there is no reason to expect that anytime soon.
             | 
             | I feel like something people miss when they talk about
             | intelligence is that humans have _incredible_ breadth. This
             | is really what differentiates us from artificial forms of
             | intelligence as well as other animals. Plus we have agency,
             | the ability to learn, the ability to critically think, from
             | first principles, etc.
        
               | vatsachak wrote:
               | Exactly. It's what the execs are missing.
               | 
               | Also animals thrive in underspecified environments, while
               | AIs like very specific environments. Math is the most
               | specified field there is lol
        
             | bitwize wrote:
             | But LLMs have proven themselves better at programming than
             | most professional programmers.
             | 
             | Don't argue. If you think Hackernews is a representative
             | sample of the field then you haven't been in the field long
             | enough.
             | 
             | What LLMs have actually done is put the dream of software
             | engineering within reach. Creativity is inimical to
             | software engineering; the goal has long been to provide a
             | universal set of reusable components which can then be
             | adapted and integrated into any system. The hard part was
             | always providing libraries of such components, and then
             | integrating them. LLMs have largely solved these problems.
             | Their training data contains vast amounts of solved
             | programming problems, and they are able to adapt these in
             | vector space to whatever the situation calls for.
             | 
             | We are _already there_. Software engineering as it was long
             | envisioned is now possible. And if you 're not doing it
             | with LLMs, you're _going_ to be left behind. Multimodal
             | human-level thinking need only be undertaken at the highest
             | levels: deciding what to build and maybe choosing the
             | components to build it. LLMs will take care of the rest.
        
               | abcde666777 wrote:
               | A bit optimistic I'd say. It's put _some_ software
               | engineering within reach of _some_ people who couldn 't
               | do it prior. Where 'some' might be a lot, but still far
               | from all.
               | 
               | I was thinking the other day of how things would go if
               | some of my less tech savvy clients tried to vibe code the
               | things I implement for them, and frankly I could only
               | imagine hilarity ensuing. They wouldn't be able to steer
               | it correctly at all and would inevitably get stuck.
               | 
               | Someone needs to experiment with that actually: putting
               | the full set of agentic coding tools in the hands of
               | grandma and recording the outcome.
        
             | hodgehog11 wrote:
             | > Programming is more multimodal than math
             | 
             | I have no idea how you come to this conclusion, when the
             | evidence on the ground for those training models suggests
             | it is precisely the opposite.
             | 
             | We are much further along the path of writing code than
             | writing new maths, since the latter often requires some
             | degree of representational fluency of the world we live in
             | to be relevant. For example, proving something about braid
             | groups can require representation by grid diagrams, and we
             | know from ARC-AGI that LLMs don't do great with this.
             | 
             | Programming does not have this issue to the same extent;
             | arguably, it involves the subset of maths that is
             | exclusively problem solving using standard representations.
             | The issues with programming are primarily on the difficulty
             | with handling large volumes of text reliably.
        
         | NamlchakKhandro wrote:
         | I've never seen you say that
        
           | vatsachak wrote:
           | You will have to take my word that I started saying this in
           | Dec 2024 lol
        
         | madrox wrote:
         | > I've always said this but AI will win a fields medal before
         | being able to manage a McDonald's.
         | 
         | I love this and have a corollary saying: the last job to be
         | automated will be QA.
         | 
         | This wave of technology has triggered more discussion about the
         | types of knowledge work that exist than any other, and I think
         | we will be sharper for it.
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | The ownership class will be sharper. They will know how to
           | exploit capital and turn it into more capital with vastly
           | increased efficiency. Everybody else will be hosed.
        
         | ryanar wrote:
         | Are they actually producing new math? In the most recent ACM
         | issue there was an article about testing AI against a math
         | bench that was privately built by mathematicians, and what they
         | found is that even though AI can solve some problems, it never
         | truly has come up with something novel and new in mathematics,
         | it is just good at drawing connections between existing
         | research and putting a spin on it.
        
           | hodgehog11 wrote:
           | It's finding constructions and counterexamples. That's
           | different from finding new proof techniques, but still
           | extremely useful, and still gives way to novel findings.
        
       | pks016 wrote:
       | Interesting but not surprising to me. Once a field expert guides
       | the models, they most likely will reach a solution. The models
       | are good at lazy work for experts. For hard or complicated
       | questions, many a time the models have blind spots.
        
       | smithcoin wrote:
       | When I was younger I remember a point of demarcation for me was
       | learning the 4chan adage "trolls trolling trolls", and
       | approaching all internet interactions with skepticism. While I
       | have been sure that Reddit for a while has succumbed to being
       | "dead internet". This thread is another moment for me- I can no
       | longer recognize who is a bot, and who has honest intentions.
        
       | ftchd wrote:
       | https://xcancel.com/BoWang87/status/2037648937453232504
        
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