[HN Gopher] Interoperability Can Save the Open Web (2023)
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       Interoperability Can Save the Open Web (2023)
        
       Author : janandonly
       Score  : 163 points
       Date   : 2026-03-26 14:51 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (spectrum.ieee.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (spectrum.ieee.org)
        
       | nh23423fefe wrote:
       | > we can propose two different rules for Twitter ... an end-to-
       | end principle ... If I follow someone, and they post something, I
       | can see it. That rule makes it really hard for Twitter to
       | overweight content from its preferred suppliers. On top of that
       | we add the Right to Exit. This is the right to leave Twitter
       | without losing your followers and followees. This would be a
       | mandate to stand up an API,
       | 
       | I don't even understand what the first point is even proposing,
       | legislating use cases now? It's gotta be some dog whistle about
       | Twitter pushing "fascism" and entirely hinges on the weasel word
       | "overweight"
       | 
       | The second statement just seems like a category error. In what
       | way can you leave twitter yet still retain followers and
       | followees. Those words only mean something in the context of
       | Twitter. We have no relationship in the world. If I follow
       | someone on twitter and then they exercise their "right to exit
       | and retain" do i now follow them on tiktok and mastodon and
       | telegram and etc. No of course not.
       | 
       | Suppose I hate nazis and follow all the nazis on twitter. Now I
       | exercise my right to exit. What data about the people I hate will
       | Twitter be forced to provide me?
        
         | lokar wrote:
         | The use of overweight seems clear to me. You have a feed of
         | items sorted by some score, when calculating scores you have to
         | weight different factors.
         | 
         | Seems pretty clear, and subject neutral
        
         | MSFT_Edging wrote:
         | It's an observable metric. If I don't follow any "return to
         | tradition" Statue PFP style posters, how often should the "for
         | you" tab show you those style posts compared to posts by people
         | I follow, who they follow, and who they interact with?
         | 
         | Pre and post acquisition it was a clear shift. I would only see
         | that style of poster when people I followed purposefully
         | interacted with them. Post Acquisition, I began to get many
         | more anti-immigrant, pro-white, pro-nationalism style posts in
         | my feed.
        
       | phlo wrote:
       | (Published: 05 Sep 2023)
        
         | tomhow wrote:
         | Thanks! Title updated.
        
       | sixothree wrote:
       | If you look at the healthcare space, you will realize
       | interoperability only exists because it was mandated by
       | government programs that the patient owns their data and must be
       | provided timely access to all of that data; and also defines
       | specifies the format of that data (open source definitions).
       | 
       | You might also define "exists" in some sort of way that makes
       | sense. And you can also realize that payers are encroaching on
       | every aspect of interoperability data exchange.
        
         | skywal_l wrote:
         | It was mandated because, in some cases, getting data from the
         | patient is actually harmful. A CT scan is not benign. So to
         | ensure that CT scans from manufacturer A could be read on a
         | review station of manufacturer B, the DICOM standard was
         | created.
         | 
         | But there is a real health element to it. Although I perfectly
         | agree that standards are good for the consumer, the incentives
         | here are not as strong.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | There are also similarly a lot of controls mandated on who
           | they cannot give the data to. It isn't like health records
           | are an open free for all.
        
         | jabl wrote:
         | I know nothing about IT project management for healthcare, but
         | just the other day over here in the local news there was a
         | mention that the all-singing-all-dancing healthcare application
         | that the region (with ~1M inhabitants) has been spending years
         | and around 800 million euros to get into production has been so
         | poorly received that they're considering starting over from
         | scratch. I'm so happy seeing my tax money well spent...
         | 
         | This is an implementation of something called MUMPS, which is
         | apparently some US system that is very arcane but widely used.
         | 
         | Again, I'm not an expert on this topic, but it indeed seems
         | like standards, API's, file formats and whatnot would be keys
         | to a system where decoupled components can be evolved step-by-
         | step over time instead of the current system which seems to be
         | a humongous monolith.
        
           | sixothree wrote:
           | Which sounds crazy to me considering how much involvement the
           | US has with FHIR.
           | 
           | http://hl7.org/fhir/
           | 
           | Even if you don't care about this stuff, FHIR is definitely
           | worth investigating.
        
       | renegat0x0 wrote:
       | I am nobody. I have little impact. I want my programs to be safe
       | from government intrusions, from age checks, from encryption
       | backdoors, from corporate surveillance. How do I win this battle
       | with big tech?
       | 
       | I am deeply in self-host. For the self-host to succeed it needs
       | to be better, unregulated, and free. It needs to be easily
       | distributed. The data should be easily distributed. Import and
       | export should be fast and easy.
       | 
       | That is why most of my programs use JSONs that are human
       | readable, or use SQLite tables that are just copy-paste away.
       | 
       | I am from Poland. My ancestors were able to survive by hiding,
       | and by fighting small partisan battles. My idea of software is
       | "partisan". It battles big tech in small, distributed ways.
       | 
       | I am not sure, but I think what I said is similar to
       | interoperability.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | > I am nobody. I have little impact. I want my programs to be
         | safe from government intrusions, from age checks, from
         | encryption backdoors, from corporate surveillance. How do I win
         | this battle with big tech?
         | 
         | If you're only talking specifically about _your_ program that
         | no one else has access to, I don 't think there is any battle?
         | Do whatever you want, no one cares nor would even know about
         | it.
         | 
         | If you're talking about making software available for others,
         | for free and open source, I also don't think there is any
         | battles to be won here.
         | 
         | When people talk about the web not being open, or "age checks"
         | and "backdoors" and so on, they're mainly talking about for-
         | profit platforms, that let users "use" their platform in
         | exchange for something. These probably shouldn't be "do
         | whatever you want, consequences be damned" but instead have
         | some sort of checks against them, so we don't end up letting
         | the business-people rush towards building torment nexuses.
         | 
         | Even if platforms has to have age checks, encryption backdoors
         | and a whole slew of other "bad stuff" or just "annoying stuff",
         | I don't think the self-hosted ecosystem has much to worry
         | about, we all run software "without warranties" already, and
         | plenty of the stuff I'm running at home I've written myself, of
         | course I won't care about age checks or whatever, even if it
         | was regulated to be forced.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | In a world where big tech and governments are requiring user-
           | facing things to do things (like age verification, etc) and
           | be liable for what their _users_ do with it, even the self-
           | host becomes a problem unless you are your only user. There
           | are plenty of people that are still doing it, but they 're
           | probably taking on liability they don't realize. For example
           | if I stand up a self-hosted git forge and allow others to use
           | it, and some user I don't know commits CSAM to their repo, to
           | quote (paraphrased cause I don't remember exactly) Dijkstra
           | from The Witcher: That's called being in the shit, and you're
           | in the shit.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | I mean, this is the case for a lot of things? Has always
             | been the case.
             | 
             | If you host friends over for dinner at your house a lot,
             | nobody will ever say you are subject to the same rules as a
             | restaurant. You start letting other people host dinners at
             | your house, and things could change. You start letting
             | people solicit your place for paid dinners, similar
             | outcome. Do it once, nobody will probably know or care.
             | Continue to do it at scale, though, and I don't know why
             | you would expect to not be subject to regulations.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | The problem is obviously that the government shouldn't be
               | regulating private speech. They pass these rules by
               | saying "look how big Facebook is, they need to be
               | regulated" when the actual problem is that they need to
               | be decentralized. But then the rules don't apply only to
               | Facebook, and worse, are designed under the assumption of
               | a centralized service so that they entrench the thing
               | that should be eliminated.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | But there is nothing obvious about this? For one, this is
               | speech that can only be done using otherwise regulated
               | means. You couldn't claim "free speech" and build a radio
               | tower that transmits long distances, as an easy example.
               | For that matter, you can't claim free speech to allow
               | concerts at your house. You similarly could not claim
               | free speech to rent or loan out rooms of your house for
               | storage.
               | 
               | As has been pointed out elsewhere, if you want to take
               | the effort to connect and verify the different parties
               | that are going to communicate with your server, you are
               | almost certainly going to remain free to do so.
               | 
               | Do I think there are probably some concerning ways those
               | burdens can be placed on folks? Certainly. But we already
               | require inspections and other similar activities for
               | things that individuals can do at home without an
               | inspection. See the food industry.
        
           | beeflet wrote:
           | Anyone will be able to lob legal complaints against your
           | self-hosted mastodon instance if they don't like you, which
           | will bring cops to your door like milkshake brings boys to
           | the yard.
        
             | embedding-shape wrote:
             | Yes, again, you run a public service, expect to have to
             | follow regulations for public platforms, not sure why
             | anyone would expect something else.
             | 
             | I was talking about creating/running software for yourself,
             | in a self-hosted scenario, not just "I run the software,
             | but it's for others" but really "I run software and it's
             | for myself and/or my family, no one else"./
        
               | beeflet wrote:
               | The point of a social network, or blogging or whatever is
               | that it's for others. Furthermore, I think people have
               | the right to free speech and should have the ability to
               | reasonably address the public square (for example, with a
               | blog, or a forum or something).
               | 
               | What I'm saying in the previous comment is that
               | regulations requiring "Age checks, encryption backdoors
               | and other bad/annoying stuff" also apply to small hosts
               | and can be abused like DMCA (unless you are hosting on
               | tor/i2p with good opsec).
               | 
               | It's this notion that any regulation is good because it's
               | done on a "big bad public company" that is at the heart
               | of what I disagree with. At what point do you become a
               | "big bad company"? Does anna's archive count? they accept
               | donations. It just doesn't seem like a fleshed-out
               | worldview.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | > What I'm saying in the previous comment is that
               | regulations requiring "Age checks, encryption backdoors
               | and other bad/annoying stuff" also apply to small hosts
               | and can be abused like DMCA (unless you are hosting on
               | tor/i2p with good opsec).
               | 
               | Yes, just like even if it's just you and your bakery, you
               | still have to follow a bunch of health and food safety
               | regulations, as you're providing something people can be
               | harmed by.
               | 
               | I don't think it's so out of this world to require
               | similar things for platforms and services available to
               | the public on the internet. Although I wouldn't maybe say
               | it should be straight up illegal, I wouldn't mind more
               | research and understanding of how we could prevent the
               | biggest harms, without infringing on what people do in
               | private. But then is a self-hosted Mastodon instance
               | connected to the public internet and other instances in
               | public or in private? Personally I'd lean towards the
               | first.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > At what point do you become a "big bad company"?
               | 
               | Revenue exceeds 0.1% of US GDP or market share exceeds
               | 10% of their own market.
        
           | chromacity wrote:
           | > If you're only talking specifically about your program that
           | no one else has access to, I don't think there is any battle?
           | Do whatever you want, no one cares nor would even know about
           | it.
           | 
           | Can I do it on my phone?
        
             | ChadNauseam wrote:
             | If you buy a google pixel 9 (the last version for which
             | google released device trees), you can do anything you want
             | on your phone. My pixel runs a version of android I built
             | myself
        
             | beeflet wrote:
             | No because a phone, despite being made from the same parts
             | as a computer is actually a completely different thing.
             | 
             | You can't just run programs on your phone. You have to run
             | apps, which require approved by the government and the
             | company that made the phone, which tacks on additional fees
             | as well. The phone also has constant cellular/GPS/wifi/bt-
             | mesh location tracking, and it can never be completely
             | turned off by the user without destroying the phone because
             | even the batteries are glued in.
             | 
             | It's basicially the perfect slave device for your average
             | goy. And everyone will need one to to access your bank
             | account, recieve insecure SMS authentication, talk to other
             | NPCs, and generally participate in the neo-economy.
             | 
             | If you don't think this is right, you are literally going
             | to empty the bank account of my dumb ass grandma who can't
             | stop installing malware, and in every way is better served
             | by a flip phone from the early 2000's.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > If you don't think this is right, you are literally
               | going to empty the bank account of my dumb ass grandma
               | who can't stop installing malware, and in every way is
               | better served by a flip phone from the early 2000's.
               | 
               | Then why are you demanding that _everyone else 's_ mobile
               | computers have to be locked down instead of demanding
               | that somebody make a mobile phone that only makes phone
               | calls?
        
           | renegat0x0 wrote:
           | I am talking about many things. Also about my programs, but
           | also data. Programs are not that important for me. They are
           | just vehicles to get the job done.
           | 
           | All my programs and data are open. It is something that
           | anybody can pick up, and use as they wish
           | 
           | - https://github.com/rumca-js/Internet-Places-Database -
           | domains I found
           | 
           | - https://github.com/rumca-js/Internet-feeds - feeds I found
           | 
           | - https://github.com/rumca-js/RSS-Link-Database-2026 - news
           | from 2026
           | 
           | - https://github.com/rumca-js/RSS-Link-Database-2025 - news
           | from 2025, etc.
           | 
           | Does make any change? I don't know. I run web crawlers. It is
           | interesting for me to see what my crawlers pick up from the
           | Internet. It did change my life, these project changed how I
           | see the Internet. More pro-activly.
           | 
           | I think there are many projects which can be useful for niche
           | groups. I suppose I have 390 stars on one repo. I hope at
           | least my projects were useful for them. That is a hopeful
           | thought.
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | > How do I win this battle with big tech?
         | 
         | Support https://edri.org and https://noyb.eu
        
         | hermitShell wrote:
         | What do you think of the pace of hardware level freedoms? My
         | context is also from Corey Doctorow:
         | https://youtu.be/3C1Gnxhfok0?si=RjmADE5pQ3s7fBIk
         | 
         | For me the freedom to own my computer means I can run any
         | software I want on it.
         | 
         | Self hosting is predicated on some openness of computing in
         | general. Interestingly it still does not practically allow you
         | to use certain services like Google Maps, where even if the end
         | user has great benefit, they get it for free because they give
         | back their data.
        
           | beeflet wrote:
           | There are the openstreetmap mapping apps (OSMand, organic
           | maps)
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | Organic maps should be used instead of OSMand,
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42343121
             | 
             | Or maybe Comaps,
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43961908
        
               | handedness wrote:
               | I share your preference for Organic Maps over OsmAnd, and
               | while I haven't been daily-driving CoMaps for long (nor
               | has anyone, really) I already significantly prefer it
               | over Organic Maps. I need to use it long enough to see
               | what the edge cases are like, but after using it three
               | time zones worth of rural places and dense cities, it has
               | worked well.
        
         | bullen wrote:
         | I would say:
         | 
         | 1) Use HTTP (secure is not the way to decentralize).
         | 
         | 2) Selfhost DNS server (hard to scale in practice).
         | 
         | 3) Selfhost SMTP server (also tricky).
         | 
         | 4) Know and backup your router (dd-wrt or iptables).
         | 
         | JSON over HTTP is the way.
         | 
         | XML is not bad for certain things too; even if I understand the
         | legacy of abuse.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | 1) so how do you validate the http the client receives is the
           | http you sent?
        
             | forgotmypw17 wrote:
             | Validate it yourself with hashing and PKI. Yes, it needs
             | bootstrapping, just like centralized HTTPS needs
             | bootstrapping.
        
               | bullen wrote:
               | Wow, thanks!
               | 
               | Also if people need more food for (decentralized)
               | thought:
               | 
               | https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2289
        
           | zrm wrote:
           | > Use HTTP (secure is not the way to decentralize).
           | 
           | This doesn't seem like useful advice. If you're going to use
           | HTTP at all there is essentially zero practical advantage in
           | not using Let's Encrypt.
           | 
           | The better alternative would be to use new protocols that
           | support alternative methods of key distribution (e.g. QR
           | codes, trust on first use) instead of none.
           | 
           | > Selfhost DNS server (hard to scale in practice).
           | 
           | This is actually very easy to do.
        
             | bullen wrote:
             | Let's Encrypt is not part of our friends here.
             | 
             | DNS is easy for yourself, but if you host it for others
             | (1000+ of people) and it needs to have all domains in the
             | world, then it becomes a struggle.
        
               | zrm wrote:
               | Let's Encrypt is a non-profit that defeated the
               | certificate cartel. The main thing you get from using
               | HTTP without it is bad security.
               | 
               | DNS can answer thousands of queries per second on a
               | Raspberry Pi and crazy numbers on a single piece of old
               | server hardware that costs less than $500.
        
               | bullen wrote:
               | No root certificate is decentralized.
               | 
               | If your DNS port is closed by your ISP, you can't have
               | people use your DNS server from the outside and then you
               | need Google or Amazon which are not decentralized.
               | 
               | Also to be selfhosted you can't just forward what root
               | DNS servers say, you need to store all domains and their
               | IPs in a huge database.
        
           | almatia wrote:
           | There are bridges for Matrix (JSON)-ActivityPub (XML), one in
           | Elixir: https://github.com/technostructures/kazarma/
        
       | L_Rahman wrote:
       | One of the things we got really lucky with is that Claude Code
       | and not the ChatGPT app won the war for the defining AI product
       | and it runs on your filesystem. There's a different reality where
       | everything had to go through the API on a closed app layer and
       | we're all begging OpenAI to add XYZ endpoint to their platform.
       | 
       | Anthropic is now racing to close this gap because they realize
       | there's no lock-in. If the product is just .md files with
       | hierarchy, you can drop any harness and intelligence on top of
       | it. It is interoperable by default, possibly not even by
       | intention.
       | 
       | We should do everything possible to stop the great lock-in that
       | they'll attempt in the next 18 months.
        
         | zoogeny wrote:
         | I don't think this can last, because whatever advantage
         | structured text files in a file tree provides over an API will
         | be maximized by some format that is better than a file system.
         | 
         | That might mean leaning into SQLite or some other open format.
         | My own thought is that a graph-like structure of documents will
         | be ultimately more valuable than either a tree-like structure
         | or a database-like structure.
         | 
         | But if a proprietary implementation of whatever usurps
         | structured text in a file-system becomes popular, that company
         | will have significant leverage.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | At some point this will be solved by AI, where you can just say:
       | hey chatgpt, turn this powerpoint file into a keynote file.
        
         | goldenarm wrote:
         | AI is poisoning the well of scraping and automation really
         | fast. It generates so much spam, everyone is starting to block
         | robots now.
        
       | strangattractor wrote:
       | Interoperability is what made the Web possible. Not sure I buy
       | that it will save it without a fundamental change in people's
       | behavior.
       | 
       | Image you are a 1960s household and RCA tries to sell you a TV to
       | only watch ABC and Zenith has a TV to only watch CBS. 60 years
       | later linear TV is unwatchable by normal humans IMO. It's not
       | like "let advertising pay for this" enshittifying an entire
       | industry hasn't happened before.
        
       | uwagar wrote:
       | offtopic: i've always read cory doctorow as cory dotcrow. anybody
       | else?
        
       | irishcoffee wrote:
       | > Cory Doctorow: Canadian-British blogger, journalist, and
       | science fiction author who served as co-editor of the blog Boing
       | Boing
        
       | tomhow wrote:
       | Previously:
       | 
       |  _Interoperability can save the open web_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37399799 - Sept 2023 (97
       | comments)
        
       | mentalgear wrote:
       | This explains it best:
       | 
       | > When Facebook was born, it gave people who were already using
       | MySpace a tool that would pretend to be you and log into MySpace,
       | collect all the messages that your friends had left for you, and
       | put them in your Facebook inbox. You could reply to them there,
       | and it would send them back to your MySpace outbox, so your
       | friends would see them. And that was what allowed Facebook to
       | take so many users from MySpace so quickly. This is what
       | interoperability is about. But if you tried to do that today,
       | Facebook would use laws that were either enforced differently or
       | did not even exist at the time of MySpace, to ruin you.
       | 
       | > If we were to restore this "noble ancient art" of technological
       | interoperability, the users who are so obviously discontent with
       | the platforms they use would consider the costs low enough to
       | leave and join better spaces. In turn, the companies would be
       | smaller, would pay more attention to user satisfaction, and could
       | not push around the governments that tried to hold them to
       | account.
       | 
       | https://www.greeneuropeanjournal.eu/cory-doctorow-how-to-tak...
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | B-but... muh unicorn-like growth...!
        
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