[HN Gopher] Supreme Court Sides with Cox in Copyright Fight over...
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       Supreme Court Sides with Cox in Copyright Fight over Pirated Music
        
       https://archive.is/mEgaK
       https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/25pdf/24-171_bq7d.pdf
       https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/607/24-171/
        
       Author : oj2828
       Score  : 231 points
       Date   : 2026-03-25 15:02 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | SunshineTheCat wrote:
       | https://archive.is/mEgaK
        
         | xhkkffbf wrote:
         | Sweet. Some copyright infringement to start things off.
        
         | SirFatty wrote:
         | Now that is some first class irony.
        
           | tolerance wrote:
           | The System working as intended per SCOTUS!
        
       | ls612 wrote:
       | 9-0 against the record labels. This effectively ends a long
       | running strategy of trying to milk ISPs for people torrenting
       | without a VPN. At the same time it likely puts things like the
       | *Arr stack at more risk given their more tailored nature.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | And a slapdown to the lower courts being reversed.
        
         | tbrownaw wrote:
         | > _At the same time it likely puts things like the *Arr stack
         | at more risk given their more tailored nature._
         | 
         | Well, those would be in the same position now that they
         | previously were I think.
        
         | akersten wrote:
         | > 9-0 against the record labels.
         | 
         | Love to see it. I'm still mad about the Sony rootkit[0] and the
         | people sued for absurd amounts over downloading a few MP3s back
         | in the 00's.
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_BMG_copy_protection_rootk...
        
           | tracker1 wrote:
           | I still haven't bought a Sony labelled product since...
           | though I may or may not have consumed Sony content. They've
           | definitely lost more than they gained.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | > They've definitely lost more than they gained.
             | 
             | That's a pretty good sized ego you got yourself there. The
             | number of people that cared about the rootkit in the
             | general populace was insignificant to Sony. Only tech nerds
             | like us even knew about the rootkit or how insane it was to
             | use. Unless you were a huge flagship purchaser of Sony's
             | latest/greatest each year, they don't even notice you when
             | you buy a TV or any other item.
             | 
             | People barely remember the studio getting hacked and
             | releasing a film
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | > Lost more than they gained (from me, implied).
               | 
               | Maybe, just maybe assume the best in people instead of
               | jumping to the worst interpretations you can.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Not sure how interpreted what I said as anything other
               | than the implied you. No matter how much money you did or
               | no longer do spend with Sony is not anything they'd
               | notice. The caveat being you were a flagship purchaser
               | from them which I doubt was the case.
        
             | azalemeth wrote:
             | I too have never bought anything from Sony since then. Or
             | any DRM at all, in fact.
        
           | m-s-y wrote:
           | I still boycott Sony over this. Made me a PC gamer, too.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Ironically Sony wanted those artists online for streaming,
           | and in those days the only way labels had to transport the
           | music to distribution services was sending the CDs. So the
           | CDs landed on my desk because they'd been rejected by the
           | data ingestion teams. I had some more[0] stern words with a
           | very apologetic man from Sony that day.
           | 
           | [0] they were constantly sending CDs that were fucked-up in
           | totally new ways every time
        
         | oneneptune wrote:
         | A personal anecdote:
         | 
         | I had several roommates, and we each were responsible for a
         | utility. I was responsible for internet, and Cox was our
         | provider.
         | 
         | I received multiple e-mails from Cox about copyright
         | infringement. I can't recall them, but I remember it being
         | serious enough for me to tell people to stop.
         | 
         | Thinking back, I feel like Cox's position is right and fair;
         | let users know they're being observed by copyright holders, and
         | inform the user that they could be compelled to provide their
         | identity to complainants.
         | 
         | But ultimately, the responsibility to "stop" the supposed
         | infringement is on the holder, not Cox.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | The media industry has already decided that it should be
         | allowed to turn copyright enforcement into a revenue stream and
         | I doubt they're going to stop their extortion racket now.
         | 
         | This ruling could mean that they'll increase their efforts
         | targeting individuals with threatening letters demanding that
         | they admit wrongdoing and settle for a few hundred to a couple
         | thousand dollars at a time or else get sued in court and be
         | forced to pay a lawyer tens of thousands to defend their
         | innocence. It could mean they actually take more individuals to
         | court instead of dropping the case every time they threaten
         | somebody with enough money to hire a lawyer to defend them at
         | trial.
         | 
         | The media industry is also pushing for more control in other
         | ways as well like blank media style taxes which would let them
         | rake in a steady stream of cash without needing to make make
         | specific accusations. They also still want to be able to force
         | ISPs to instantly blacklist any IPs they accuse of streaming
         | copyrighted content. They've got this power in many countries
         | already and innocent users have already been screwed over by
         | it. They may decide to focus their efforts on getting this
         | pushed through in the US now.
         | 
         | I doubt this ruling will lead to the kinds of broad copyright
         | reforms we need, but it's long past time the courts started
         | pushing back on the insane power grabs of the RIAA/MPA. No
         | other industry could get away with demanding what they have.
        
         | saaaaaam wrote:
         | What does *Arr stack mean, please?
        
           | a_vanderbilt wrote:
           | Sonarr et al.
        
             | saaaaaam wrote:
             | Ah, interesting. This is not something I'm at all familiar
             | with. Lots to read!
        
       | Mindless2112 wrote:
       | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/25pdf/24-171_bq7d.pdf
        
       | thot_experiment wrote:
       | A tiny victory. Copyright should not be more than a decade. This
       | intellectual property system is one of the worst things to happen
       | in modern society is what I would have said a few years ago, now
       | I got bigger problems but I'm still mad.
        
         | f1shy wrote:
         | Leave it in 2, like patents. Even 3 could be tolerated. But
         | current standard is crap.
        
         | ronsor wrote:
         | The reason copyright doesn't get fixed or removed is largely
         | because the general public is worried more about other things
         | and the big rightsholders continue their monthly payments--err,
         | lobbying.
         | 
         | Though AI might change that. In the end, large corporations get
         | what they want.
        
           | thmsths wrote:
           | The general public also get sold on the rosy idea that
           | copyright (and patents to a certain extent), protect the
           | little guy, that thanks to this mechanism their work will not
           | be stolen by opportunistic freeloaders. It also resonates
           | with the "one day I will strike rich" mentality.
           | 
           | What they usually "forget" to tell you is that your IP is
           | absolutely worthless if you don't have the resources to
           | defend it in court, which in turns actually advantages
           | freeloaders who either have relatively low costs to sue
           | (patent trolls are basically an example of this) or enough
           | money that they don't feel the pain if they lose.
           | 
           | The current system basically incentivizes suing over IP NOT
           | creating it.
        
             | bit-anarchist wrote:
             | To add to the list of things that they "forget" to tell
             | you, is that the real origin of copyright is fundamentally
             | tied to censorship as well [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_copyright
             | 
             | Overall, IP seem to be a massive mistake.
        
             | damnitbuilds wrote:
             | Also: almost no works make any money at all after 5 years.
             | 
             | Copyright terms longer than a reasonable 5 years are only
             | benefitting Disney and the other big copyright cartels.
             | 
             | They are not serving the purpose of copyright: To encourage
             | creation.
        
         | Covzire wrote:
         | IANAL but it seems to have major implications beyond music
         | piracy, like into the realm of ISPs and free speech in general,
         | it seems the court (rightly) sees ISPs as a common carrier
         | (like water pipes) and we may see more opinions of the kind
         | that reach into the space of monopolies or duopolies in social
         | media next.
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | Big tech should loose its safe harbor protection. It's both
           | an aggregator AND a curator. The algorithms showing you what
           | to see is no different than a newspaper editor. Just like
           | newspapers big tech should be liable for their "feeds"
           | showing harmful and defamatory information
        
             | Covzire wrote:
             | I would be happy if congress passed a law saying a social
             | media has no liability for anything their users post as
             | long as the algorithm is completely open source. If we had
             | social media like that, they'd even have APIs that let
             | users design their own algorithm and we'd see a golden age
             | of social media emerge from it. Twitter seems to moving in
             | this direction but they enjoy no legal protections from
             | being open at the moment. Blusky is already this way I
             | believe, but without a neutral and trusted centralized
             | control it's a bit different of an animal.
        
             | elpool2 wrote:
             | I don't see how it would ever make sense to hold social
             | media liable for user posted defamation.
             | 
             | Look at the recent Afroman defamation lawsuit and consider
             | how YouTube is supposed to know whether that music video
             | was defamatory or not. It took a court 3 years to reach a
             | conclusion but you want YouTube to make that same call
             | instantly, on millions of posts a day. What you'd get is a
             | world where Afroman's (non defamatory) speech basically
             | cannot be shared on social media at all.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I think the difference should be whether they are a dumb
               | pipe, or whether they exercise editorial control and/or
               | promote some content over others.
               | 
               | If you are truly a dumb pipe, that just transmits
               | whatever the users post, then you shouldn't be liable for
               | what goes over your wires. Like the phone company.
               | 
               | As soon as you start acting as an editor: amplifying some
               | content and downplaying (or removing) other content, re-
               | ordering it, ranking it, and so on, then you are placing
               | your name on the content and in a sense should share
               | liability around it.
               | 
               | Companies should have to deliberately decide who they are
               | going to be: are they just wires like the phone company,
               | or are they a newspaper's letters-to-the-editor
               | department? They shouldn't be able to act like one, but
               | have the liability of the other.
        
               | elpool2 wrote:
               | That seems unworkable because, well, I just don't _want_
               | social media to be dumb pipes. Without sites making
               | editorial decisions every site will be full of porn and
               | animal torture videos. The current status quo seems way
               | better tbh.
        
         | mannyv wrote:
         | Why 10 years? Why not 9 years? 8 years? If one year doesn't
         | make a difference then 1 year? How about 11?
         | 
         | If you made anything that was worth protecting you might feel
         | differently.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | Because it sounds like a nice round reasonable number. Like
           | many others in the law.
           | 
           | Now stop being a clown.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | > If you made anything that was worth protecting you might
           | feel differently.
           | 
           | How do you know they didn't? Oh, because of the No True
           | Scotsman of "no person who _truly_ made something worth
           | protecting can have this opinion ".
           | 
           | As if none of us have released anything under an MIT license.
           | Ridiculous.
        
           | applfanboysbgon wrote:
           | Why do we send X person to prison for 5 years, and not 4
           | years, or 6 years? Clearly the only rational choices are life
           | sentence or no prison time.
           | 
           | Or, why protect it for 70 years? Why not 69 years? Why not 68
           | years? etc. Such a useless argument in every way.
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | I think I've made plenty and I don't feel differently.
           | 
           | You could ask the same questions about the actual duration of
           | copyrights as they are today. You present those rhetorical
           | questions as if they were some argument against this
           | proposal, but they're just things you need to think about
           | regardless of what scheme you come up with: why this, and why
           | not something else? It's not like "life of the author plus 70
           | years, or 95 years from first publication, or 120 years from
           | creation" is any less arbitrary.
           | 
           | We should remember that the purpose of intellectual property
           | laws in the US is explicitly, per the US Constitution, "To
           | promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts...." The
           | purpose is _not_ to ensure that creators can keep collecting
           | money decades after they created their works. It _may_ be
           | useful to ensure that as a way to promote progress, but it 's
           | just a tool, not the goal. If progress is better promoted
           | with a 10-minute copyright term then we should do that
           | instead.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | The current term in the US is like life +70 years, or
           | something.
           | 
           | While 10 is arbitrary, I like it because it is much closer to
           | balancing incentive for creativity vs stifling creativity.
           | 
           | I make software and data. It's worth protecting. But I think
           | the harm from copyright protection has been greater than the
           | benefit.
           | 
           | Framing it as people who want reasonable copyright as anti-
           | creator is so not cool and avoids discussion.
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | can't IP be sold to a company that is "alive" for as long
             | as it's financially viable.
             | 
             | I always wonder when copyright runs out for artist who sold
             | their collections to companies.
        
               | Maken wrote:
               | What is "financially viable"? Just hoarding copyrighted
               | materials and not distributing them in order to create
               | artificial scarcity could meet that criteria.
        
               | Arainach wrote:
               | > I always wonder when copyright runs out for artist who
               | sold their collections to companies.
               | 
               | This question is straightforward to answer with a single
               | web search, so if you "always wonder" try looking.
               | 
               | In this case it's the _creator_ , not the _owner_.
        
           | ndriscoll wrote:
           | I'd expect most people in this forum have made something
           | "worth protecting" or even make a living doing so. Certainly
           | it's been my career. I still think we should drastically
           | shorten copyrights and expect more to grant it. e.g. for
           | software, require source escrow to the copyright office and
           | probably require source availability to purchasers, and ban
           | things like hardware that only runs signed software.
           | Basically the law should be GPL without redistribution, but
           | where you could hire a programmer to fix things for you and
           | maybe share your diff. Or just straight GPL (i.e. software
           | should not be eligible for copyright as it's a functional
           | thing, not a creative thing, and consumer protection law
           | should make it mandatory to provide source and a way to load
           | your own version for any device that has it). For other
           | works, registration fees should cover storage of a master
           | copy until expiration + N years so it can be released to the
           | public. Maybe "source material" there as well wherever it
           | makes sense. I understand that might make my career less
           | lucrative. That's fine.
        
           | rdiddly wrote:
           | Whoever drafts the law has to arbitrarily choose a number, or
           | there will be no end of litigation to settle it, and a judge
           | will arbitrarily choose a number. OP's opinion is "not more
           | than 10" so 9, 8 and 1 would all be fine with them, while 11
           | would be too long. Source: reading. Meanwhile you haven't
           | even made clear where you stand on the issue or what point
           | you're making or in what way "differently" OP is supposed to
           | feel.
        
           | Maken wrote:
           | Copyright is an artificial monopoly set in place to guarantee
           | that artists get a piece of the cake from distributors. The
           | duration of this monopoly is completely arbitrary, and
           | ideally it should be "long enough to make art creation a
           | viable trade".
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | _ideally it should be "long enough to make art creation a
             | viable trade"_
             | 
             | And, IMO, 10 years is in the ballpark for that to be true.
             | That's ~5 major pieces of art as a minimum for a popular
             | artist to have a career (assuming their 20s through 60s)
             | [assuming each protected piece can sustain them for a
             | decade].
        
           | jMyles wrote:
           | > If you made anything that was worth protecting you might
           | feel differently.
           | 
           | Please don't put those of us who create so-called
           | 'intellectual property' for a living in the middle of this.
           | 
           | We didn't ask for government protection and we don't want it.
           | 
           | https://pickipedia.xyz/wiki/DRM-free
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLbqgG6o1n8
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | It was originally 14 years back in 1790 when publishing
           | anything was expensive, distribution was difficult, and
           | worldwide distribution was nearly impossible. Today you can
           | publish works across the globe at close to the speed of light
           | and at very little cost. 10 years seems pretty damn
           | reasonable.
           | 
           | The purpose of copyright is to encourage the creation of new
           | works and allowing people creative access to their own
           | culture accomplishes that goal a whole lot better than
           | protecting the profits of corporations for ~100 years.
        
         | xoa wrote:
         | I'm not sure I agree that any single fixed term makes sense.
         | Rather, I think it'd be better if the exponential cost to
         | society (in terms of works that don't happen, and works that
         | don't happen based on those works that didn't happen and so on
         | compounding) was just part of the yearly renewal price. Do
         | maybe everyone gets 7 years flat to start with, then it costs
         | $100*1.3^(year). So after another 25 years it'd be around
         | $70.5k renewal. At 50 years it'd be $50 million. At 75 years
         | it'd be $35 billion. Fixed amount and exponential can of course
         | be shifted around here but the idea would be to encourage
         | creators to use works hard and if they couldn't make it work
         | not sit on them but release them. Once in awhile something
         | would be such a big hit it'd be worth keeping a long time, and
         | that's ok, but society gets its due too. And most works would
         | be allowed to lapse as they stopped being worth it.
         | 
         | Another alternative/additional approach would be to split up
         | the nature of copyright, vs an all or nothing total monopoly.
         | Let there be 7-10 years of total copyright, then another 7-14
         | years where no exclusivity of where it's sold or DRM is
         | allowed, then 7/14/21 years where royalties can still be had
         | but licensing is mandatory at FRAND rates, then finally some
         | period of "creditright" where the creator has no control or
         | licensing, but if they wish can still require any derivative
         | works to give them a spot in the credits.
         | 
         | I think there is a lot of unexplored territory for IP, and wish
         | the conversations were less binary.
        
           | calvinmorrison wrote:
           | How about something like IP as a tax? IE: if you make profit
           | off of it, then it cranks up. There's plenty of music artists
           | who's song blow up a decade or more later.
        
             | xoa wrote:
             | I want to be super clear that I'm not proposing some
             | finalized plan or numbers here, it'd need some real work
             | spent hashing it all out. Mainly though I hope people will
             | consider more the huge space of untapped approaches to
             | balancing various benefits and costs towards a better
             | societal outcome. And that maybe that helps a little in
             | getting us out of some of the present seemingly intractable
             | boxes we so often seem stuck in?
             | 
             | Your tax idea could certainly be another useful tool. My
             | main immediate thought/caution would be:
             | 
             | > _IE: if you make profit off of it, then it cranks up.
             | There 's plenty of music artists who's song blow up a
             | decade or more later._
             | 
             | As we have endless examples of, "profit" and even "revenue"
             | can be subject to a lot of manipulation/fudging given the
             | right incentives. I also think that part of the cost I
             | describe is objective: whether it takes off right away or
             | takes off after a decade, as long as it's under full
             | copyright it's imposing a cost on society the whole time.
             | Also other stuff like risk of it getting lost/destroyed. So
             | I do think there needs to be some counter to that in the
             | system, sitting on something, even if it makes no money,
             | shouldn't be free.
             | 
             | But the graduated approach might help with this too, and
             | again they could be mixed and matched. It could be 100
             | _1.3^n to keep full copyright, but only 50_ 1.2^n to
             | maintain "licenseright", 25*1.15^n for "FRANDright", and
             | free for the remaining period of "creditright". Or
             | whatever, play around with numbers and consider different
             | outcomes. But feels like there's room for improvement over
             | the present state of affairs.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | That's how you end up with "Hollywood accounting" where
             | movies that gross over 100M dollars still show as a "loss"
             | for tax purposes via creative accounting methods.
        
             | phillipseamore wrote:
             | When old art gets a revival like that it's usually because
             | the work is being reused (e.g. song used in an ad, Tv show,
             | movie), something that costs time and money to license when
             | done legally. How many artists lost their chances because
             | navigating copyright is tedious and expensive?
        
               | underlipton wrote:
               | The two biggest examples I can think of were because of a
               | joke (Never Gonna Give You Up) and a glitch (Plastic
               | Love).
        
           | acomjean wrote:
           | I think this is a great idea.
           | 
           | Free then make it cost more. A lot could enter the public
           | domain, and valuable IP could be kept by companies as long as
           | they're willing to pay.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | I think that's a horrible idea. There's zero benefit to
             | society in letting corporations like Disney that can afford
             | to pay keep works out of the public domain longer than
             | others.
        
               | underlipton wrote:
               | If Disney had to pay the federal government a few billion
               | each to keep absolute control over their oldest works,
               | every year, no tax games, that would be pretty great for
               | society. But it's also probably true that the tax games
               | would indeed ensue. Something something low trust, we
               | can't have nice things.
        
               | awesome_dude wrote:
               | Disney are able to pay that amount because their IP is
               | still generating massive income.
               | 
               | I'm not a fan of Disney at all, just pointing out what i
               | belive might be the flaw in the argument.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > Disney are able to pay that amount because their IP is
               | still generating massive income.
               | 
               | That's entirely irrelevant though. The point of copyright
               | isn't to protect income. The point is to encourage the
               | creation of new works. Disney doesn't need 100+ years of
               | exclusive profits on something to encourage them to
               | create new works. Nobody does.
               | 
               | I'd even argue that the more popular a work is the more
               | important it is that it enter the public domain sooner
               | rather than later. The less cultural relevancy something
               | has when it enters the public domain the less likely it
               | will inspire new works to be created.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Another thing that doesn't get brought up enough:
               | Copyright is not really needed to encourage creation.
               | 
               | Suppose Copyright as a concept was overturned and no
               | longer existed. Would Disney just say "Well, it was a
               | great run, but we're going to close up shop and no longer
               | create works." Would an independent artist who needs to
               | paint something decide not to just because it couldn't be
               | copyright?
               | 
               | "The creation of new works" doesn't need to be
               | encouraged. It's the default. Cavemen still carved on
               | cave walls without copyright.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | You're absolutely right that artists can't stop
               | themselves from creating, but I think that a reasonable
               | amount of protection still does encourage more works.
               | 
               | Many works require a good deal of investment and time and
               | if people had little to no chance of making money or
               | breaking even on that investment a lot of works wouldn't
               | get made.
               | 
               | Another nice aspect of copyright law is that it
               | establishes where a work originated. Authorship gets lost
               | in a lot of the things we treat as if they don't have
               | copyrights. For example memes, or the way every MP3 of a
               | parody song on P2P platforms ended up listing Weird Al as
               | the artist regardless of his involvement. It also happens
               | in cases where copyright really doesn't exist like with
               | recipes and as a result we don't really know who first
               | came up with many of the foods we love. A very limited
               | copyright term would more firmly establish who we should
               | thank for the things we enjoy.
        
               | awesome_dude wrote:
               | With respect - copyright's protection of income _is_ the
               | point
               | 
               | That's, by design, the tool used to encourage people to
               | invest their time into producing works.
               | 
               | We would not be having this conversation at all if people
               | weren't able to make money of these works - there'd be no
               | point to copyright at all if there wasn't money to be
               | made (by the artists) and the reproduction of their works
               | wasn't restricting their ability to generate that income
               | (for themselves, or their agents).
               | 
               | I want to emphasise that I am not arguing in favour of
               | the system, only how and why it works this way.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > That's, by design, the tool used to encourage people to
               | invest their time into producing works.
               | 
               | The tool used was control over distribution. If income
               | was the point copyright law could just hand tax payer
               | money over to anyone who created something. That'd
               | guarantee income instead of the system we have which
               | allows artists to invest in the creation of a work and
               | still never make a dime on it. Ultimately though, I do
               | see your point and I agree that making it possible to
               | earn enough money to justify the creation, publishing,
               | and distribution of a creative work was a large part of
               | the intention along with the establishment of the public
               | domain.
               | 
               | I probably should have phrased that as "The point of
               | copyright isn't to protect income until the work is no
               | longer highly profitable"
        
               | chipdale wrote:
               | > There's zero benefit to society
               | 
               | Wouldn't it result in additional tax revenue while
               | _preventing_ Disney 's movies from proliferating
               | throughout society unimpeded?
               | 
               | In all honesty, I really think you should think this idea
               | through. Compared to the status quo, where we get zero
               | tax revenue from intellectual property, this system would
               | guarantee an expiration based on commercial viability. It
               | couldn't sustain forever because the scale would always
               | accelerate at a rate faster than any economy could
               | sustain it. But it would have this additional benefit in
               | that the more some intellectual property becomes
               | commercially sustainable, the more revenue society can
               | collect.
               | 
               | How does that even begin to approach horrible when it's
               | magnitudes more equitable than the status quo?
        
           | Barbing wrote:
           | Both creative and intriguing ideas, I like it!
        
           | foresto wrote:
           | I think I like the idea, but I can't help wondering if it
           | would have unforeseen consequences.
           | 
           | Could this approach undermine the protections afforded by
           | open-source licenses? (IANAL.)
        
             | xoa wrote:
             | > _I think I like the idea, but I can 't help wondering if
             | it would have unforeseen consequences._
             | 
             | As I said in a sibling comment, quickie comments on HN
             | should be taken more as mental stimulation and kickoff
             | points for further discussion as opposed to "final bill
             | that has been revised in committee and is going to the
             | floor for a full vote". The details of implementation are
             | certainly critical, and not trivial either! I'm fully in
             | support of thinking through various use cases. But part of
             | why I'm interested in alternate approaches is that they
             | might give us finer grained tools.
             | 
             | > _Could this approach undermine the protections afforded
             | by open-source licenses? (IANAL.)_
             | 
             | I have actually considered that as well but didn't add it
             | into a quickie comment. If we take the second path of
             | approaches I listed there, then thinking about it all open
             | source software would fall under a special even more
             | permissive class of the tier 3, in that it already has
             | "fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory" licensing for all
             | right? Except that it's also free. The motivation here is
             | the "advancement of the useful arts & sciences" and the
             | public good, so having it be explicit that "if you're
             | releasing under an open source license and thus giving up
             | your standard first, second, and part of your third period
             | of IP rights and monopoly, you're excluded from needing to
             | pay a license fee because you've already enable the public
             | to make derivative works for free for decades when they
             | wouldn't otherwise anyway."
             | 
             | All _that_ said, I 'll also ask fwiw if it'd even be _that_
             | big a deal given the pace of development? I do think it 'd
             | be both ideal and justified if OSS had a longer period for
             | free, that's still a square deal to the public IMO. But
             | like, even if an OSS work went out protection (and keep in
             | mind that a motivated community that could raise even a few
             | thousand dollars would be able to just pay for an extra
             | decade no problem, the cost doesn't really ramp up for
             | awhile [which might itself be considered a flaw?]) after 10
             | years, how much is it worth it that 2016 era OSS (and no
             | changes since remember, it's a constantly rolling window)
             | now could have proprietary works be worth it against 10
             | year old proprietary software all getting pushed into the
             | public domain far faster? That's worth some contemplation.
             | Maybe requiring that source/assets be provided to the
             | Library of Congress or something and is released at the
             | same time the work loses copyright would be a good balance,
             | having all that available for down the road would be a huge
             | win vs what we've seen up until now.
             | 
             | Anyway, all food for thought is all.
        
               | mrandish wrote:
               | > quickie comments on HN should be taken more as mental
               | stimulation and kickoff points for further discussion
               | 
               | Indeed.
               | 
               | Setting aside variable details like time frames and cost
               | structures which can be debated separately, what I found
               | interesting about your suggestion is it's a mechanism to
               | create an escalating incentive for copyright holders to
               | relinquish copyrights even sooner than the standard
               | copyright period. Currently, no matter what the term
               | length, it costs nothing to sit on a copyright until it
               | expires - so everyone does - even if they never do
               | anything with the copyright. And the copyright exists
               | even if the company goes bankrupt or the copyright holder
               | dies. Thus we end up with zombie copyrights which keep
               | lurking in the dark for works which are _almost
               | certainly_ abandon-ware or orphan-ware simply because our
               | current system defaults to one-and-done granting of
               | "life of the inventor + 70 years" for everything.
               | 
               | Obviously, we should dramatically shorten the standard
               | copyright length but no matter what we shorten it to (10,
               | 15, 20 yrs etc) we should consider requiring some
               | recurring renewal before expiration as a separate idea.
               | Even if it's just paying a small processing fee and
               | sending in simple DIY form, it sets the do-nothing-
               | default to "auto-expire" for things the inventor doesn't
               | care about (and may even have forgotten about). That's a
               | net benefit to society we should evaluate separately from
               | debates about term lengths.
               | 
               | I see your suggestion about automatically escalating the
               | cost of recurring renewal as another separate layer worth
               | considering on its own merits. My guess would be just
               | requiring any recurring renewal would cause around half
               | of all copyrights to auto-expire before reaching their
               | full term - even if the renewal stayed $10. The idea of
               | having recurring renewal costs escalate, regardless of
               | when the escalation kicks in, or how much it escalates,
               | is a mechanism which could achieve even more net positive
               | societal benefits by increasing the incentive to
               | relinquish copyrights sooner.
        
           | davidgtl wrote:
           | An adversarial approach would also be interesting: People
           | could open positions of "I would buy a right to use this
           | copyright for $XYZ if it was released today"
           | 
           | So the copyright holder would have the option to EITHER
           | cashout at any point (and consider the work/invested effort
           | paid) OR counter-bid the sum of everyone to keep it.
           | 
           | Not sure about the implications, but it would encourage the
           | most (economically) productive route
        
             | MrDrMcCoy wrote:
             | I'm a big proponent of compulsory licensing, which could
             | certainly be limited to renewals so that creative control
             | is still granted for some amount of time.
        
           | da_chicken wrote:
           | No, the problem with this is that a lot of IPs aren't
           | profitable in their initial years, and this pretty strictly
           | encourages property-holding as a business. That's exactly the
           | wrong kind of revenue generation that copyright is supposed
           | to be encouraging. It's empty rent-seeking.
           | 
           | Further, I think that the premise is flawed. Rather than
           | being more protected by being profitable, a work should be
           | _less_ protected the more it has profited the owners. If you
           | can make $50 million profit as an individual from your
           | creative work that took 5 years to produce, then you 're
           | done. Dozens of lifetimes of wealth for 5 years of work? No,
           | that's more than enough. You don't deserve more money for
           | that. You have been suitably encouraged. The trouble with
           | that idea is that "creative accounting" is too easy, so that
           | won't really work, either.
           | 
           | I think it should match patent law. 20 years, and that's it.
           | After that, if you want to keep making profit, you need to
           | make something new. Because that's what it's supposed to do:
           | let you make a living if you're able, and encourage you to
           | keep working to create more.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | I agree with you that 10 years is more than enough time for
         | corporations to turn a healthy profit on something (not that
         | they can't continue to make money off of a work after it has
         | entered the public domain), but this wasn't a small victory.
         | 
         | If every ISP were at risk of being on the hook for endless
         | billions in damages because of what their users did it would
         | mean that ISPs would be forced to give in to the RIAA/MPAs
         | demands to permanently terminate the accounts of internet users
         | over completely unproven (and often inaccurate) accusations of
         | piracy. It's worth noting that cox was actually already doing
         | this in a limited number of circumstances, and the media
         | industry still wasn't satisfied.
         | 
         | The media industry insisted that they needed the power to get
         | people's accounts terminated even though it would have left
         | many people, including fully innocent ones, cut off from the
         | internet entirely. This was a big deal, and I'm honestly
         | surprised to see this supreme court do the right thing.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | At this stage I just want a coherent system. There is no way
         | "individuals can have their accounts terminated for one song"
         | and "AI companies can download a complete copy of everything,
         | including pirated works, and roll it into models which can
         | reproduce it exactly and sell it back to you" should be able to
         | co-exist.
        
         | jMyles wrote:
         | > now I got bigger problems but I'm still mad.
         | 
         | I'm not so sure they're unrelated.
         | 
         | The bondage of intellectual property forces very particular
         | branches of human development to the exclusion of others. It's
         | no surprise that restriction of thought and creativity - and
         | most of all, music - is to be found alongside war and predation
         | and uninspired leadership.
        
         | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
         | Why do you think others should have the right to something they
         | didn't create?
        
         | jonathanstrange wrote:
         | I think it should be for a lifetime of the original author and
         | non-transferable. The system is already rigged very much
         | against artists, it's amazing how many people still contribute
         | to culture under the given conditions. I don't see any reason
         | why someone who writes a Christmas song or a novel shouldn't
         | have a possibility to get payments for their works until they
         | die, for example. However, I have a lot of problems with the
         | bizarre extensions that companies and heirs have gotten for
         | work they haven't created on their own.
        
         | MattGrommes wrote:
         | In a world where copyright only lasts 10 years, what happens to
         | the musician whose song from 20 years ago is used in a movie
         | and becomes super popular? Do they get royalties or are there
         | no royalties involved?
         | 
         | I want a system that doesn't syphon money to the corporations
         | over the individual creator and the corporations can't tell me
         | I can't use the song.
        
           | mkl wrote:
           | No royalties, as the 20-year-old song would be in the public
           | domain, so no one can tell anyone they can't use the song.
           | The vast majority of songs that make a profit will do so
           | within the first few years, with almost or actually nothing
           | after 10 years. The copyright system should optimise for
           | public benefit and the vast majority of works, rather than
           | the tiny number of big successes.
        
         | MoonWalk wrote:
         | Disagree on the decade. There are plenty of examples of great
         | movies or other works that took longer than a decade to bring
         | to the public. Those projects would have been completely non-
         | viable if their content could have been stolen after creators
         | put a decade into their development.
         | 
         | I think 25 or even 50 years is more defensible. But 100? Nah.
         | 
         | But the crushing problem today for many of us here is SOFTWARE
         | PATENTS. These should never have been allowed in the first
         | place; and until their scourge is abolished, everyone is at
         | risk for having his work stolen with one.
        
           | dawnerd wrote:
           | We should do a split system where its like life of artist or
           | 25 years, whichever is longer. Seems like a good balance for
           | the artists estate too.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The usual way to do that is to have renewals or other
             | periods; then things that are abandoned fall out of
             | copyright, but things that the author is alive to protect
             | remain in.
             | 
             | It's moderately hard to build a law based on what people
             | think is "fair" mainly because fairness often has more to
             | do with feelings (it would be fair for someone to make a
             | Hobbit movie because the author is long dead; it would be
             | unfair for someone to make a Potter movie because the
             | author is alive, etc) than with an easily quantifiable
             | rule.
             | 
             | I've often thought the solution is to define copyright (of
             | things published, not trade secrets and unpublished works)
             | as being something that can ONLY be defended as long as the
             | work is "available" in the marketplace for "reasonable"
             | amounts. As long as Warner Bros or whoever it is keeps
             | selling the Lord of the Rings (extended edition) on DVD or
             | whatever, they can j'accuse infringers of downloading it.
             | 
             | But ten years after it's no longer in print? No longer in
             | copyright, either.
        
           | MrDrMcCoy wrote:
           | What about 10 years, then compulsory licensing goes into
           | effect for any remaining duration and renewal?
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | I'm not sure that's the correct approach. Why do you want to
         | have free access to other people's books, movies, and songs in
         | the first place? I have the feeling that's not the case, but
         | what is it then?
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | I think for Music / Movies / Shows, sure, for Software?
         | Probably not so simple.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Some would argue software shouldn't be copyrightable at all.
           | 
           | And their arguments aren't entirely without merit, either.
           | 
           | Hard to make them on a site dedicated to selling software and
           | its byproducts, perhaps.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | If copyright was only a decade then Sony could have waited 5
         | more years and made the movie of _Project Hail Mary_ without
         | paying one dime to Andy Weir.
         | 
         | I think the law is too long now, but a decade is too short to
         | protect artists. Even a patent is 20 years.
        
       | selectively wrote:
       | Rare good decision from SCOTUS.
        
       | kmeisthax wrote:
       | So... does that mean we don't have to care about takedown notices
       | anymore?
       | 
       | Like, the only reason to comply with such an onerous and
       | censorious takedown regime was specifically to disclaim
       | contributory copyright liability that SCOTUS just unanimously
       | decided to erase. Is it such that as long as people aren't stupid
       | and don't market their services as an infringement facilitator,
       | which most don't, that they don't have to honor 512 takedown
       | notices now? Conversely, services dumb enough to actually market
       | themselves as infringement tools probably can't get rid of their
       | liability by the 512 safe harbor. So there's no reason to
       | actually honor a DMCA takedown request anymore.
        
         | intrasight wrote:
         | This is about moving bits through the pipes and not the
         | resources that those pipes are moving.
        
         | elpool2 wrote:
         | It seems like you would still have to remove the infringing
         | _content_ , but no need to disconnect or ban the user who
         | shared it.
         | 
         | But if you're a pure ISP and not hosting content on your own
         | servers, then I guess, yeah DMCA doesn't really apply to you?
        
           | burnt-resistor wrote:
           | This was what GFiber appeared to be doing until it sold out
           | to private equity. I got about 60 DMCA notice emails about
           | torrents that never reached seeding state. About 25% of them
           | were false accusations with wrong titles unrelated to
           | activity by anyone on my network.
        
           | elpool2 wrote:
           | Actually, it looks like there is something in the law that
           | only provides DMCA safe harbor to providers that have a
           | policy of terminating accounts of repeat infringers. I'm
           | still not sure if an ISP would even need that safe harbor
           | though.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | Lower circuit court said they did, Supreme Court overturned
             | that.
        
               | kccqzy wrote:
               | I don't think so. They need to have the policy of
               | terminating accounts and actually terminate a subset of
               | them. They just can't be held liable for not terminating
               | all of them.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | ISPs still need to comply with the DMCA. In their decision the
         | court did weigh the fact that "Cox repeatedly discouraged
         | copyright infringement by sending warnings, suspending
         | services, and terminating accounts." so I would expect that
         | processing DMCA notices and even repeat offender terminations
         | will continue to be a part of an ISP's enforcement policy.
         | 
         | That said, I think there's a reasonable argument to be made
         | that a customer should only be terminated as a last step and
         | only after the ISP has been made aware that their customer is
         | actually a repeat offender. Getting a large number of unproven
         | accusations should not be enough.
        
       | strogonoff wrote:
       | It's interesting to see how as soon as intellectual property
       | theft starts to be critical for powerful interests the legal
       | system magically gets more lenient about copyright enforcement.
       | 
       | The balance between public good and protecting IP ownership of
       | the creatives (which is, paradoxically, also part of the public
       | good) has to be struck and enforced consistently.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | How is IP "theft" more important now than 20 years ago?
        
           | VanTheBrand wrote:
           | AI training
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | AI training might be copyright infringement. But there's no
             | cases or laws to establish that.
             | 
             | I don't think this case or anything else has been affected
             | by AI training on copyrighted material, if it is deemed
             | infringing.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | It's been demonstrated that some companies, even F10
               | ones, have been using pirated content to train their AI.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | Yes, but not demonstrated that that training is illegal.
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | What?
               | 
               | Anthropic ($1.5B+ Settlement): In September 2025,
               | Anthropic agreed to pay at least $1.5 billion to settle a
               | class-action lawsuit over using roughly 500,000
               | copyrighted books from "shadow libraries" to train their
               | Claude LLMs.
        
               | acomjean wrote:
               | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/02/meta-
               | torrented-o...
               | 
               | They all seem to be using pirated books. Probably
               | slightly better than just web stuff as it is presumably
               | edited.
               | 
               | The authors case was thrown out on narrow reasoning. But
               | companies now live by different rules so I suspect they
               | won't be held to account. Even Disney/nintendo are
               | unlikely to stop this...
               | 
               | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/arts/judge-tosses-authors-
               | ai-tr...
        
         | Permit wrote:
         | Isn't this decision in exact opposition to the point you're
         | trying to make?
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | It's interesting to see how people look for powerful interests
         | to explain simple and correct supreme court decisions.
        
       | Kye wrote:
       | Without the login wall:
       | https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulat...
        
       | busymom0 wrote:
       | > They said that Cox had ignored bad actors, helping 60,000 users
       | distribute more than 10,000 copyrighted songs for free
       | 
       | This is such a tiny number for a company which provides internet
       | to over 6 million homes. I was expecting it to be in millions or
       | at least hundreds of thousands.
        
       | scott_w wrote:
       | Just to try and understand the decision, an analogy that's coming
       | to mind would be like saying a van manufacturer wouldn't have
       | liability if it's used in a bank robbery. However if the
       | manufacturer sold it with the intent for the buyer to use it for
       | bank robbery (the manufacturer having the intent in this case, as
       | well as the robber themselves), then they could become partially
       | liable.
       | 
       | Have I got that right?
        
         | achandlerwhite wrote:
         | That's my understanding. Basic carrier vs service stuff. What I
         | wonder is how this might impact gun manufacturers.
        
           | vetrom wrote:
           | There already is a specific law shielding gun manufacturers
           | from liability from simple sales, which Democrat heavy states
           | and locales do a lot of work to test the edges of and chip
           | away at: the PLCAA, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_
           | of_Lawful_Commerce_... which was passed in 2005 in light of
           | mendacious lawsuits taking up a notable amount of courts'
           | time.
        
           | shevy-java wrote:
           | Yeah. The courts are inconsistent here. If they want to hold
           | service providers responsible, they also must make arms
           | producer responsible, and politicians too.
        
             | MBCook wrote:
             | Well this is a copyright case and guns aren't. Couldn't
             | that be a big reason for the difference?
        
             | stackskipton wrote:
             | Courts are not inconsistent, they are following the law.
             | Like most cases decided by SCOTUS, they are deciding on the
             | rules set by Congress and courts have ruled time and time
             | again, that Constitution gives Congress almost sole
             | jurisdiction for determining how Copyright law functions.
             | 
             | For copyright law, Congress does not expressly allow
             | secondary liability for third parties FOR COPYRIGHT unless
             | the party induced the infringement or the provided service
             | is tailored to that infringement. In this case, Cox was not
             | cutting off copyright infringers BUT since their service
             | could be used by same infringers for valid use, they didn't
             | have to.
             | 
             | For arms producer, Congress has exempted them for liability
             | and courts have ruled, yep, Congress gets to make the rules
             | here.
             | 
             | Congress could overturn both rulings by changing the law.
             | 
             | This is what we want. Congress makes the rules, courts
             | interpret but don't make new rules.
        
         | vetrom wrote:
         | So, merely selling 'with intent' for the van to be used in a
         | robbery I don't think meets the bar as the opinion is written.
         | In particular, I read "...which can be shown only if the party
         | induced the infringement or the provided service is tailored to
         | that infringement;"
         | 
         | In that vein, merely selling a tool even if a predominant use
         | or intention of that tool is infringement, the infringement
         | must be actively induced or invited by the seller. This is also
         | affirmed in detail in the USSC opinion: "The Court has
         | repeatedly made clear--see Kalem Co. v. Harper Brothers, 222 U.
         | S. 55, Sony, and Grokster--that mere knowledge that a service
         | will be used to infringe is insufficient to establish the
         | required intent to infringe."
         | 
         | This is the primary part of the opinion, the first 7 of 27
         | pages. I'm still reading the rest and will update when
         | finished. (Concurring Opinion and Dissents I believe)
         | 
         | ===
         | 
         | The meat of the opinion has some interesting elements as well:
         | 
         | * "Internet service providers, such as Cox, have limited
         | knowledge about how their Internet services are used and who
         | uses them. They do know which IP address corresponds to which
         | subscriber's account, but they cannot distinguish one
         | individual user from another...However, because online
         | infringement is so widespread, pursuing each individual
         | infringer does little to stem the tide.": mere IP logs are not
         | enough to establish liability, perhaps. More importantly, it is
         | opined that individual fishing expeditions dont actually serve
         | the end of eliminating infringement. This does not absolve
         | individual liability, but it becomes important later.
         | 
         | * "Holding Cox liable merely for failing to terminate Internet
         | service to infringing accounts would expand secondary copyright
         | liability beyond our precedents ... The Fourth Circuit's
         | holding thus went beyond the two forms of liability recognized
         | in Grokster and Sony. It also conflicted with this Court's
         | repeated admonition that contributory liability cannot rest
         | only on a provider's knowledge of infringement and insufficient
         | action to prevent it.": This points to another case where
         | Circuit and District courts have been ignoring the instruction
         | of higher courts, in this case, inventing new liabilities where
         | none existed. This doesn't go so far as to repudiate entirely
         | the idea of fishing expeditions having teeth, but it places a
         | clear guardrail around expanding liability without laws
         | establishing such.
         | 
         | ===
         | 
         | The Sotomayor concurrence on judgment states that the Justice
         | does not believe the methods used by the majority opinion are
         | correct, but still agrees with the judgement because of
         | insufficient information presented by Sony. I think the
         | analysis gone into in this section is flawed, but it is also
         | not precedential since it is not the Order part of the opinion.
         | I am also out of time to poke at that part for the moment. It
         | does relate this case to the closest recent big case on
         | secondary liability though, that of Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc.
         | v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos, so its worth reading even if the
         | justifying analysis I think does not fit.
         | 
         | The big difference I guess is whether you think negative
         | jurisdiction (limiting what the government can do) vs positive
         | jurisdiction (further enabling the government) is more
         | important, but considering HN and the exhortations against
         | divisive commentary, I'd rather not dive into the weeds arguing
         | that part here.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | MGM vs Grokster is a good decision to read to understand the
         | boundaries of contributory infringement.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM_Studios,_Inc._v._Grokster,...
         | .
         | 
         | https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/545/913/
        
         | smallerize wrote:
         | In this case, there is a safe harbor where ISPs can avoid
         | liability by enforcing a policy against their customers that
         | eventually cuts them off for repeated infringement. Cox stepped
         | outside of this safe harbor by not following their own policy.
         | But the court says that doesn't automatically make them liable.
        
           | ok123456 wrote:
           | Does this mean the entire enforcement regime is now more or
           | less a paper tiger? It's sufficient to have a process that
           | satisfies the letter of the law, but you can simply not
           | follow through and enforce it.
        
             | forgotaccount3 wrote:
             | > It's sufficient to have a process that satisfies the
             | letter of the law
             | 
             | No.
             | 
             | Let's take an example of 401ks.
             | 
             | Any company that has a 401k has to pass non-discrimination
             | testing to ensure their plan doesn't favor highly
             | compensated employees over non-highly compensated
             | employees. This is done through Actual Deferral Percentage
             | and Actual Contribution Percentage tests. Just doing these
             | tests can be very costly.
             | 
             | If you don't want to do these tests, then you can follow a
             | 'safe harbor' action where the company automatically
             | contributes x% for everyone. If the plan executes the 'safe
             | harbor' action, then they automatically pass the two tests
             | above.
             | 
             | However, if they don't follow through that plan they may
             | still not have violated the nondiscrimination policies if
             | they end up passing those two tests.
             | 
             | So to bring it back to the circumstance here, because Cox
             | was not following their own processes which would have
             | afforded them safe harbor they do not get the benefit of
             | being automatically protected from the action. Then the
             | court goes to see if Cox was sufficiently involved in the
             | violating actions in order to be liable, and the court
             | found that Cox was not.
             | 
             | So going back to the line...: > It's sufficient to have a
             | process that satisfies the letter of the law, but you can
             | simply not follow through and enforce it.
             | 
             | Not at all. Because it was not enforced, Cox lost the safe
             | harbor protections and had to defend themselves.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Yes, as much as I understand it. You have to either make a van
         | that's specifically tailored to performing bank robberies (a
         | door-smashing attachment at the front, a pulley to quickly get
         | the safe box inside, etc), or at least advertise it as such
         | ("Will get you from the robbery site faster than police can
         | react!"). Otherwise, it's just a van. Owning a van, or selling
         | a van, is not illegal because it _could_ also be used to break
         | law. (One 's hands can be used to break law, but this does not
         | lead to a liability for merely possessing hands.)
        
         | gosub100 wrote:
         | I think a better analogy would be crack pipes sold in minimarts
         | in a box that says "for tobacco use only". Crackheads estate
         | sues the pipe mfr says you knew people were using it for crack
         | and are proximately liable for facilitating the drug use.
        
           | Ylpertnodi wrote:
           | ..and any delivery, distributors, importers, and shippers
           | should be held liable, also.
        
           | themafia wrote:
           | I watched a drug addict lovingly turn a plain lightbulb into
           | a meth pipe.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | Sure, and aluminum foil can be used to smoke heroin. But
             | they have primary obvious uses. That's the difference, vs
             | knowing 99% of customers are going to use it for something
             | nefarious. Even better example would be whippets or NOs
             | meant for culinary or automotive use, but also usable for
             | teens getting high. If manufacturers are aware and turn a
             | blind eye, they can become liable.
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | The problem is these companies are typically natural
         | monopolies. So it's not as if I choose this provider because
         | they were lax in their copyright enforcement. I'd literally
         | have to sell my house and move to accomplish this.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | An example closer to home is those file sharing sites that
         | allow you to pay to "download faster" which skirt _very close_
         | to the line, if not go over it.
         | 
         | But Grokster et al openly advertised that you could get all
         | music "for free".
         | 
         | Where the gray area is would be something that arguably can
         | ONLY be used for piracy (an example of what this would be is
         | hard to imagine, but maybe a device that can ONLY duplicate
         | encrypted blurays and cannot do it for non-encrypted ones - yes
         | I know there are arguments even here via fair
         | use/backup/personal copy) and/or something that is
         | substantially _advertised_ as for piracy - something that
         | nobody would have a reason to _buy_ unless they were pirating,
         | perhaps - something where free /open source similar software
         | exists but can't be used to pirate?
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | If you run an add saying "This van can outrun the cops" you're
         | in trouble. Selling a van to a known bank-robber is fine
         | though.
        
         | drnick1 wrote:
         | Yes, I think so. Another analogy is firearms. They can be used
         | to commit or facilitate crimes, yet nobody is suing gun
         | manufacturers.
        
       | Sparkle-san wrote:
       | Glad to have one less reason to incentivize ISPs to monitor every
       | single thing we do on the internet.
        
         | plagiarist wrote:
         | They are already incentivized enough by selling the data, more
         | incentives won't change anything.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | The ruling said that they don't have to.
           | 
           | Going with your point, it does not say they can't monitor and
           | then sell the list of pirates to Sony/etc. for some extra
           | income.
           | 
           | They just didn't like doing it for free.
        
             | iugtmkbdfil834 wrote:
             | Yes, but then the question becomes: which tactics does MPAA
             | and the like will now resort to. Because we know they won't
             | exactly say 'I guess that's it then'.
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | The MPAA has limited options given they aren't any sort
               | of government entity with any real enforcement power. All
               | they can do is keep suing as they hope for a different
               | outcome and/or try new forms of DRM.
        
       | tencentshill wrote:
       | This isn't good. They can still sue you, but now they need proof
       | that you as an individual behind that public IP did it. This will
       | only incentivize them to join the push for ID requirements.
        
         | johnnyanmac wrote:
         | They aren't suing some broke 23 year old. What they can collect
         | is less than their lawyer fees.
         | 
         | At worst, universities crack down harder on torrents, but that
         | was always an option for labels.
        
           | vetrom wrote:
           | There is a very important consideration here that this
           | opinion doesn't really touch on, but I think is invited down
           | the road for future cases and legislation: Can you compel the
           | speech of a third party to aid in exploratory evidence
           | gathering (aka fishing expeditions) without a clear, well
           | defined, and particular, cause of action at court to issue a
           | subpoena?
           | 
           | In most classic U.S. jurisdiction, no, you cannot. Compelled
           | activity or speech is generally frowned upon. The most
           | important part of this case, IMO, was the Supreme Court
           | constraining the Fourth Circuit's interpretation of
           | contributory liability and attempting to turn the DMCA system
           | into one for enabling those fishing expeditions.
        
           | MadnessASAP wrote:
           | > They aren't suing some broke 23 year old. What they can
           | collect is less than their lawyer fees.
           | 
           | You may not be old enough to remember this, but that's
           | _exactly_ what they did in the 2000 's
        
             | johnnyanmac wrote:
             | There's a lot more 23 year olds to this time around. I
             | don't think you can intimidate them down this time.
        
               | MadnessASAP wrote:
               | They didn't exactly intimidate them down last time
               | either. Piracy decisively won the war on piracy.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | No, they won. Piracy stayed at a microscopic level rather
               | than becoming the usual way people got things. It
               | stagnated, and maybe shrank. That's why they don't want
               | to go into the piracy stopping business, it's a waste of
               | time and money for them when they could be going after
               | and negotiating with AI.
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | I think they still sometimes go for it even when they know
           | they aren't recouping their losses, to deter/scare potential
           | users. Obviously that doesn't scale and it's mostly for
           | publicity stunts but it did happen here in Canada. They more
           | or less just scanned a few trackers and went after every
           | Canadian IP address they found for the given torrents.
           | 
           | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/movie-studios-
           | bit...
        
       | bickfordb wrote:
       | I wonder what effect this will have on file sharing services like
       | Megaupload?
        
         | supertrope wrote:
         | In terms of legality Megaupload messed up by directly
         | participating in copyright infringement. They paid people to
         | upload copyrighted movies. Cox doesn't reward people for
         | copyright infringement. The lawsuit against them argued they
         | failed to take enough precautions (for example cutting off
         | subscribers upon receiving an accusation from a third party)
         | and that should make them liable.
         | 
         | In practice Megaupload is not an established company. Other
         | consumer file storage services such as Dropbox, Google Drive,
         | Microsoft OneDrive, Apple iCloud are trillion dollar companies
         | with deep legal benches and lobbying muscle. YouTube seeded the
         | service with pirated content and Google helped fight off a
         | copyright lawsuit by finding evidence that one rights holder
         | uploaded their own video and then claimed infringement.
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | > The provider of a service is contributorily liable for a user's
       | infringement only if it intended that the provided service be
       | used for infringement
       | 
       | So they try to hold the provider responsible. While I disagree
       | with this, I can at the least understand some rationale behind
       | it, even though this is inconsistent. For instance, if someone
       | uses a gun to shoot down someone, why is the company providing
       | the gun not held accountable here? They should also be forced to
       | pay compensation damage to people being harmed here. But this is
       | besides the point I am trying to make.
       | 
       | The thing is that I do not want to be held accountable under such
       | a law. I believe when it comes to information, courts should not
       | be allowed to restrict me or anyone else in any way, shape or
       | form. I want a free society. That means flow of information can
       | never be restricted by any such actors. Granted, this is not
       | possible right now anywhere on Planet Earth as far as I am aware,
       | and I understand the implication of this too (no more secrets
       | possible), but I want this 100%. Yet I can't have that because
       | courts restrict me, and all those who want the same, arbitrarily
       | so. IMO this also means that such courts must be changed. Right
       | now we have corporate courts where the money addiction flows in.
       | I understand this system and the problems of this system. This is
       | why there must be a transition starting from the society, to no
       | longer make it possible to restrict service providers here in any
       | way, shape or form. The same would apply to democracy - I don't
       | want to accept indirect democracy run by lobbyists. I want to be
       | in charge, in proportion to my vote, at all times, of every
       | decision (I am ok delegating this to representatives, mind you,
       | but not automatically and not always; in indirect democracy you
       | vote for some representative who can then do whatever he wants
       | to. I am not ok with this. How many former Trump voters would,
       | right now, want Trump to be gone from power, or in prison? I
       | think many would, considering the damage he caused and is still
       | causing).
        
         | socalgal2 wrote:
         | > if someone uses a gun to shoot down someone, why is the
         | company providing the gun not held accountable here?
         | 
         | The gun company will claim they sold for self defense or just
         | for a hobbyist's collection - They'll claim that the gun owner
         | used it for something else is not their responsibility. Same
         | for any or product that can be used to kill someone with.
        
           | aksss wrote:
           | Let's not forget sports, which is a huge segment of the gun-
           | owning public - trap, skeet, biathlon, PRS, USPSA/IPSC, High
           | Power/CMP, etc.
        
         | aksss wrote:
         | > if someone uses a gun..why is the company providing the gun
         | not held accountable here?
         | 
         | They absolutely can be held accountable. The Protection of
         | Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA) has carve-outs for:
         | negligent entrustment - when a dealer or manufacturer provides
         | a firearm knowing it will be used for a crime; negligence per
         | se - when a seller knowingly violated state or federal laws in
         | the sale or marketing of the product (and that sale was a
         | proximate cause of the harm); defects in design; breach of
         | contract/warranty.
         | 
         | However, selling a product for lawful use, whether a gun,
         | truck, or Internet connectivity, does not make the seller
         | liable if the consumer decides to use that otherwise lawful
         | product for crimes. There has to be some assumption of agency
         | (and liability) on the part of the individual who is clearing
         | ethical/moral hurdles to do wrong.
         | 
         | I don't see how this unanimous court decision conflicts with
         | that theory in the context of the ISP - in fact, I think it's a
         | reinforcement of some common sense.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Using a "gun" in the example is just a away to incite
           | people's natural reactions one way or another.
           | 
           | A fairer example would be holding Microsoft liable for people
           | using Word for ransom notes or something.
        
       | rimunroe wrote:
       | Funnily enough the only time I ever got in trouble for torrenting
       | anything was when Cox was my ISP circa 2009. I'd been torrenting
       | some PSP game and my connection went down. When I called the
       | helpline they explained what happened and said they'd restore
       | access once I confirmed I'd deleted the downloaded file.
        
         | RustyRoss wrote:
         | Lol. Did they force you to pinky swear that you'd deleted it?
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | In my experience they're very careful about what you _say_ so
           | that the recording allows them to say you did what was
           | needed.
           | 
           | This is assuming you didn't answer for "your little brother",
           | etc.
        
       | nekusar wrote:
       | I have to pay property tax forever for a house I supposedly own.
       | If I dont pay that, the government sues and takes my house.
       | Basically I never actually own my house.
       | 
       | (Of course, we have "Evil Communist China" where there is no
       | property tax, and people own their homes and can live there. Id
       | argue they're more free than we are.)
       | 
       | But copyrights and patents and trademarks? There's no tax on
       | those "properties". And gee, companies are the ones to likely own
       | these properties, not individuals.
        
         | megaman821 wrote:
         | What? You pay property tax because local services schools,
         | streets, police and fire fighters need to be funded. Having a
         | property in the area is a pretty great proxy for using some of
         | these services, hence the property tax.
        
           | nekusar wrote:
           | I was expecting that as a response.
           | 
           | There is no reason why tax has to be done as property tax.
           | Property tax demeans actual ownership of a place for us to
           | live. (And why the hell do corporations get away with no tax
           | on intellectual property, or even pay on profits, whereas we
           | humans pay on revenue and property?)
           | 
           | Worse yet, property taxes also enshrine the idea that the
           | community's schools in poor areas deserve poor education. Do
           | children in poor areas deserve poor education? Cause that's
           | how you end up with "great and slum schools".
           | 
           | And the police in my area? Its sheriffs. And meh. I dont want
           | them to keep getting military playthings.
           | 
           | Street? That's what gas tax and EV tax is for. And those
           | built in with gas tax funds per gallon, aka use tax. Or
           | vehicle registration tax.
           | 
           | Fire fighters? We have volunteer fire fighters.
           | 
           | I'm seeing a whole lot of tax and tax and tax, and shit for
           | return on this forced investment. And property tax HAS had
           | people end up homeless. 1 family homeless due to property tax
           | is 1 too many.
        
             | mmahd7456 wrote:
             | Volunteer firefighters, public schools, and police/sheriffs
             | still need equipment and facilities. Whether you call it
             | property tax or "public services" tax, it amounts to the
             | same thing. The community needs a way to fund the shared
             | community services, and there has to be some sort of metric
             | that determines how much each citizen contributes to the
             | fund.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | First of all, I'm a Georgist, so I think you should be allowed
         | to own your house, but rent the land indefinitely (and freely
         | transfer your interest in renting the land).
         | 
         | I'd like to see how free someone in China feels if they put up
         | a Winnie The Pooh yard-sign (which I can do freely in the US,
         | despite Disney owning the copyright for the likeness that I
         | would use).
        
       | nashashmi wrote:
       | If sony equipment was used in facilitating the copyright
       | violation, would that make Sony liable?
        
         | Jolter wrote:
         | That was already decided in an old case about Betamax
         | recorders, quoted on the front page of the linked article.
        
         | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
         | Per this ruling, only if Sony had intent to facilitate
         | copyright violation by making the equipment.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | For those like myself who wanted context:
       | 
       | > Cox Communications v. Sony Music, 607 U.S.___ (2026), was a
       | United States Supreme Court case regarding the liability of an
       | internet service provider for its subscribers engaging in
       | copyright infringement.
       | 
       | > Cox Communications was sued by multiple music labels for lax
       | enforcement of its users engaged in sharing the labels'
       | copyrighted music, arging Cox finacially benefitted from these
       | users. A jury trial found Cox to be liable. On appeal to the
       | Fourth Circuit, the court dismissed findings that Cox engaged in
       | vicarious infringment, but held that Cox was still liable for
       | contributory infringement, with Cox potentially owing several
       | million dollars to the labels.
       | 
       | > In a 9-0 decision, the Supreme Court found that Cox
       | Communication was not contributorily liable for the actions of
       | its users, reversing the Fourth's decision.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cox_Communications,_Inc._v._So...
        
       | jetrink wrote:
       | Hilariously (and appropriately), the decision cites _Sony Corp.
       | of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc._ , also known as the
       | "Betamax case."
       | 
       | > (a) "The Copyright Act does not expressly render anyone liable
       | for infringement committed by another." Sony Corp. of America v.
       | Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417, 434.
       | 
       | > In Sony, copyright owners sued the maker and the retailers of
       | the Betamax video tape recorder. Id., at 422. The tape recorder
       | could be used to record copyrighted television programs for later
       | personal viewing, which would not constitute infringement. Id.,
       | at 449. On the other hand, it could also be used to reproduce and
       | sell copyrighted television programming, which would constitute
       | infringement. Ibid. The lower court found the Betamax maker
       | liable because the tape recorder was "not suitable for any
       | substantial noninfringing use" and infringement "was either the
       | most conspicuous use or the major use of the Betamax product."
       | Id., at 428 (internal quotation marks omitted). This Court
       | reversed, concluding that "[t]he Betamax is . . . capable of
       | substantial noninfringing uses"--like personal use--so "sale of
       | such equipment to the general public does not constitute
       | contributory infringement." Id., at 456.
        
         | purpleflame1257 wrote:
         | They were right. I never sold a taped VCR, but my parents used
         | it to time shift Saturday morning cartoons every week.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | Time shifting for personal use is expressly legal (making a
           | personal copy). It was also an early form of ad-blocking,
           | because a VHS recorder could stop recording at a set time,
           | thus skip a block of commercials, and then continue. There
           | were suits about that, too.
        
             | da_chicken wrote:
             | The Betamax case that GP mentions is the same case that
             | established that time-shifting is not copyright
             | infringment. The law and courts were previously both mute
             | on the subject.
        
         | frenchtoast8 wrote:
         | > The lower court found the Betamax maker liable because the
         | tape recorder was "not suitable for any substantial
         | noninfringing use" and infringement "was either the most
         | conspicuous use or the major use of the Betamax product."
         | 
         | I don't know anyone who sold television recordings, it was
         | always for personal use. How could the lower court get this so
         | wrong? Was this just one uninformed judge? Or was this actually
         | less certain at the time?
        
           | lvspiff wrote:
           | I had a relative who setup a kinda "blockbuster" type service
           | recording things and offering them out for rental. It really
           | took off for VHS when he got HBO and recorded movies and then
           | rented those. It wasnt a very lucrative hustle but it was an
           | instance of what they didnt want to have happen
        
             | frenchtoast8 wrote:
             | Absolutely this happened, but would you say that was the
             | primary use case of the recording capabilities?
             | 
             | I'm trying to understand how a judge would say that the
             | only practical use of backups were copyright infringement,
             | since that is completely contrary to both my experiences
             | and what I believe to be common sense. If the answer to my
             | confusion is that this actually was the major use case and
             | my experiences were rare, then that's fine. Otherwise, I
             | can't help believe this is yet another case in recent
             | history where judges are completely backwards on
             | technological understanding, or maybe even under influence
             | from copyright holders.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | This is the case that determined that recording TV
               | broadcasts for your own personal use was not copyright
               | infringement. They understood what the tech was used for,
               | but they didn't know that this use was non-infringing
               | until they made that decision.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | I suppose that selling is not necessary, distribution is.
           | Record a movie off cable TV, share with your friends, and lo
           | and behold, they're not going to buy the licensed VHS tape!
           | And maybe even not going to subscribe to cable TV! Losses,
           | losses everywhere.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | I remember in 1980, when our school got a VCR and
             | television (on a cart to allow it to be moved from one
             | classroom to another). one of my teachers said that she
             | wasn't allowed to record something off the air at home and
             | then show it in the classroom.
        
           | pavon wrote:
           | The Ninth Circuit court of appeals understood correctly what
           | the primary use of Betamax would be, but they believed that
           | personal home recording was not fair use, and was thus
           | copyright infringement. They interpreted the law as only
           | allowing libraries to record TV or radio broadcasts.
           | 
           | The Supreme Court ruling for this case found that time-
           | shifting was fair use, but only by a narrow 5-4 margin. Fair
           | use could have gone in a completely different direction over
           | the last 40 years if just one judge had voted differently on
           | Betamax.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | We have to remember that at the time of the decision, there
             | really wasn't any source of things _to copy_ with a Betamax
             | recording device besides commercial broadcast TV and other
             | copyrighted materials.
             | 
             | Camcorders and such devices where you could make _your own_
             | content were very rare, if available at all.
        
             | bahmboo wrote:
             | This speaks to first principles. I don't want judges making
             | law - and any good judge doesn't want to make law. Laws are
             | from elected legislatures. Of course this is all wishful
             | thinking.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | If a judge had ruled differently in the Betamax case,
               | we'd still have the ability to vote in representatives
               | who'd enact a law that explicitly gave us the right to
               | record for personal use. Judges should only have power to
               | decide what a law means in situations where it's not
               | already clear how or if the law applies.
        
           | WarmWash wrote:
           | Given that that judgement was made in 1981, it's possible
           | that the judges (who were likely a bunch of depression era
           | old dudes) had zero knowledge or exposure, and had never even
           | thought much about, personal video recording before a bunch
           | of lawyers tried to explain it to them during the case.
           | 
           | We have see this happen repeatedly with modern tech cases.
        
             | AlexCoventry wrote:
             | Even complete legal novices like me know about the
             | Sony/Betamax case, FWIW. It would shock me if a judge
             | ruling on copyright implications of a technology didn't
             | know about it.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Judges asking things that are obvious to us make for great
             | headlines and quotes, like "what is a website?" or "what is
             | an API?" and "shows" how out of touch they are, but like a
             | judge (trying to) define pornography, making sure the
             | plaintiff, the defendant, and the judge are on the same
             | page seems to me (I am not a lawyer) just good procedure.
             | First everyone has to agree on what a website or an API is
             | before passing judgment on legal matters concerning them
             | that all parties will abide by.
        
             | wildzzz wrote:
             | I doubt that. Home video recording, while a new thing in
             | 1981, was not substantially different from making personal
             | mixtapes on tape from radio or vinyl records which had been
             | popular for decades. My grandfather had dozens of 4 track
             | mixtape reels he made in the 60s. You could even go further
             | back and say it wasn't any different than taking a photo of
             | artwork for personal use. You didn't have to be that young
             | in 1981 to understand what home video recording is.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > How could the lower court get this so wrong?
           | 
           | There are no standards for lower court judges. They
           | frequently do things that are grossly illegal.
           | 
           | Here's a US lower court judge who spontaneously ordered that
           | a child's name be changed because of the judge's religious
           | beliefs: https://volokh.com/2013/08/12/judge-orders-that-
           | childs-name-...
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | > I don't know anyone who sold television recordings, it was
           | always for personal use.
           | 
           | The claim was that recording for personal use was still
           | copyright infringement
        
           | GolfPopper wrote:
           | In the late 80s and early 90s there was a great deal of
           | blatantly pirated SF, Fantasy, and Anime videotapes for sale
           | at conventions, typically recorded from OTA, satellite, or
           | cable for Western stuff. Anime was typically better quality,
           | copied from Japanese originals with fan dubs added. Some of
           | it was "at cost" where you were paying other fans for the
           | their time, equipment, and the tape. Others were more
           | obviously for-profit, with higher prices and sometimes better
           | quality.
           | 
           | To be clear, this was the only way to get most of the stuff
           | being traded and sold. TV shows or films with no VHS release,
           | or anime with no official dub or American format release.
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | This is huge. Sony is trying to make Cox into law enforcement to
       | do their biddings. The Supreme Court struck that down.
        
       | maxwg wrote:
       | > Holding Cox liable merely for failing to terminate Internet
       | service to infringing accounts
       | 
       | Imagine giving the power to rightsholders to terminate anyone's
       | internet service with e.g, a DMCA takedown. I'm sure that won't
       | be abused at all, and is a very necessary step to protecting
       | "artists"
        
       | dmvjs wrote:
       | so just ask again tomorrow?
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | And you waste lawyer fees just to see your petition for the
         | writ of certiorari denied. Most petitions are denied.
        
       | doomboiardee wrote:
       | I wonder if OpenAI, et.al were eagerly awaiting this verdict
       | because once an ISP is liable...well I'm sure you can extrapolate
       | from there.
        
         | elicash wrote:
         | There are important factual differences compared to the
         | challenges against OpenAI, but I think yes this decision does
         | ultimately offer them _some_ new legal protection against
         | whatever _customers_ decide to do with their tools.
        
       | JasserInicide wrote:
       | Ok while superficially great news but the supreme cynic in me is
       | starting to think: what if the RIAA et al go to ISPs and saying
       | they will pay them to continue monitoring this stuff and if they
       | bring them to court, sue them and win they will give them a cut
       | of the winnings? Would something like this even be financially
       | feasible i.e. a profit motive inserted somewhere into the
       | equation that ISPs would continue monitoring torrent activity?
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | > Would something like this even be financially feasible
         | 
         | No.
         | 
         | The entire reason they went after Cox is because cox has deep
         | pockets and there was a possibility that Cox would just settle
         | and work with them rather than fighting this all the way to the
         | supreme court.
         | 
         | The problem sony has is the maximum money they can claim from
         | an individual is just way less than what they can get from a
         | business. Almost certainly enough to justify the legal fees.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | > what if the RIAA et al go to ISPs and saying they will pay
         | them to continue monitoring this stuff and if they bring them
         | to court, sue them and win they will give them a cut of the
         | winnings?
         | 
         | This is not a profitable business for anyone but low-level
         | scumbags who are also lawyers (so they do not have to pay for
         | lawyers.)
         | 
         | Related, the music industry loses not a dime to piracy. If all
         | piracy stopped tomorrow, they wouldn't likely make an
         | additional cent. Which means that all money they spend to fight
         | piracy is a loss - which is why they tried to make examples out
         | of people and publicize it i.e. if we will go after this poor
         | single mom, we will certainly go after you. But they would not
         | go after you, because they're not going to spend that kind of
         | money.
         | 
         | Which is the reason for going after ISPs and search engines, to
         | make it _their responsibility._ Meaning that they would have to
         | pay for the monitoring, they would be cutting off people 's
         | internet (which is almost scarier than a copyright violation
         | suit in the age of monopoly and blacklists.) The RIAA could
         | just sit back and spend nothing, just send lists of IPs to ISPs
         | to be cut off, and watch piracy disappear. With the shield of a
         | SCOTUS judgement, ISPs could cut off internet as quickly as
         | youtube bans for DMCA, with no consequences.
         | 
         | The situation now is that they can go after individuals, but
         | nobody is obligated to help. It's all on their dime.
        
       | shmerl wrote:
       | If anyone wonders, that's a good result. Sony was in the wrong
       | here.
        
       | jklinger410 wrote:
       | A rare W for Cox here.
        
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       (page generated 2026-03-25 23:00 UTC)