[HN Gopher] UBI as a productivity dividend
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       UBI as a productivity dividend
        
       Author : 2noame
       Score  : 100 points
       Date   : 2026-03-14 16:37 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scottsantens.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scottsantens.substack.com)
        
       | shahmeern wrote:
       | Does UBI really solve the problem, wouldn't it just make
       | everything more expensive?
        
         | Detrytus wrote:
         | Yes, it does cause huge inflation, but that's not even the
         | biggest problem with it. That would be: people do not really
         | like to share fruits of their labor with strangers, so UBI
         | would significantly undermine the motivation to do anything
         | other than bare minimum.
         | 
         | UBI is not possible until robots and AI take over most jobs
         | (but then we risk that one day the AI decides to just get rid
         | of "those useless humans")
        
           | satvikpendem wrote:
           | Isn't UBI just a sort of tax, which people pay already,
           | whether they like it or not? I agree with your second
           | paragraph though.
        
           | xantronix wrote:
           | I don't think we should worry about the advent of AGI
           | deciding to get rid of us; I'm more worried about the people
           | who own the AI current AI infrastructure, as well as the
           | current US regime, who don't see the value in the pesky
           | humans beyond revenue and votes, respectively.
        
         | ambicapter wrote:
         | "Solve the problem" probably not, but trigger inflation,
         | probably not, since the amount is so low, it will have very
         | little impact on the behavior of the richest, but it would have
         | a massive impact on the behavior of the poorest, and their
         | purchase habits generally don't impact inflation as much.
         | 
         | UBI is just a band-aid on not taxing the rich, though.
        
           | kbelder wrote:
           | The purchase habits of the poor impact the products purchased
           | primarily by the poor quite a bit.
           | 
           | Cheap rental properties. Basic phone plans. Cheap food. The
           | poor buy vastly more ramen noodles than the rich.
        
             | ambicapter wrote:
             | > Cheap rental properties
             | 
             | They buy at most one.
             | 
             | > basic phone plans
             | 
             | They buy at most one.
             | 
             | > Cheap food, ramen noodles.
             | 
             | Humans have fixed calorie needs and even the very obese
             | spend maybe 10x the norm, nothing more.
             | 
             | Compare that to the prospect of someone buying MULTIPLE
             | properties, possibly multiple properties that are 10x more
             | expensive the norm, the price disparity between a regular
             | car and multiple supercars, the price disparity between
             | owning a boat and/or yacht vs...not owning a boat.
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | Not necessarily. It's straightforward to make it revenue
         | neutral.
         | 
         | You make it revenue neutral for the average tacpayer. If you
         | want UBI to be $1000/month, you increase the average tax by
         | $1000. The average taxpayer still benefit because even though
         | they don't get more money, they have a safety net.
         | 
         | People making less than average get more UBI than the tax
         | increase, and those making more pay more.
         | 
         | Most people get more money because the median income us a lot
         | lower than the average.
        
           | nostrebored wrote:
           | This assumes all goods are wanted and consumed equally.
           | Housing, milk, meat, eggs, etc. do not see downward pressure
           | from this.
        
           | lotyrin wrote:
           | Right, but people with lower incomes spend, and mostly on
           | necessities, I think the idea is that most of those
           | necessities would become more expensive (naturally or
           | artificially due to price-fixing) if the poorest suddenly had
           | more financial power. In the system as it stands, it seems to
           | me like it'd just result in a bunch of money going to grocery
           | giants and their suppliers, landlords, medical, etc.
        
             | shahmeern wrote:
             | Yeah this is the downstream effect I had in mind. You could
             | say we'd increase supply to meet the demand but that hasn't
             | really worked out with housing for example
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Most of those are commodities, where the price is set by
             | the cost of marginal supply.
             | 
             | Housing prices should go down. Housing is expensive in
             | places with jobs and cheap in places without jobs. UBI
             | gives people the freedom to move from the former to the
             | latter.
             | 
             | Healthcare is screwed up, UBI or no.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | Is it straightforward to get _Congress_ to make it revenue
           | neutral? And to _keep_ it revenue neutral? I don 't think so.
           | Politicians find "free money for everybody" to be too easy a
           | way of getting votes.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Straightforward? Yes. Easy? heck no.
        
         | Galaxeblaffer wrote:
         | Not everything, only stuff that are suddenly in higher demand
         | that can't increase supply. If you take food as an example i
         | don't imagine demand would increase? And if it did we could
         | probably just produce more? And also it's not like everyone
         | will have unlimited money, so you'll still have to prioritize
         | and luckily we don't all have the same priorities. I'm pretty
         | sure the idea is to fund this by taxing production and not by
         | printing money, so inflation shouldn't be a problem.
        
         | recursivecaveat wrote:
         | If the _only_ money is UBI money then things start to get
         | weird. If UBI coexists with regular income in moderation then
         | it doesn 't change much. Consider that about 1/3 Americans
         | receive some form of government assistance. There's already a
         | kind of fallback UBI distributed across SNAP + Medicare +
         | Medicaid + Unemployment + Social Security + etc, and no one on
         | those programs is clamoring for them to be shut down so that
         | lentils become cheaper. Giving money to everyone does increase
         | inflation (though you can play with the tax rate to offset
         | that), but the important effect is it transfers purchasing
         | power to net recipients. Basically: the economy wide money
         | supply would at worst go up by a modest factor, the income of
         | the poorest goes up by an absolute amount (or a massive factor
         | if you want to view it that way), which is a huge benefit to
         | them.
        
         | rrgok wrote:
         | As if things are not getting already expensive by each day.
         | Maybe it changes the pace, but that's another problem.
        
       | ambicapter wrote:
       | The only way? What about built out infrastructure? What about
       | universal health care? What about enforcing laws? What about
       | enforcing truth in advertising? What about punishing various
       | types of crooks in the various markets and transactions,
       | financial and otherwise, that ordinary people take part in?
       | 
       | The only way? Like a silver bullet? Like that thing that the
       | common idiom says doesn't exist?
        
         | wartywhoa23 wrote:
         | When someone says something is "the only way", that's a sure
         | sign they either have some vested interest in that only way, or
         | have an idea fix.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | It's obviously not the only way. The more likely way is what is
         | happening, a new medieval era with lords and serfs.
        
         | keeda wrote:
         | _> What about universal health care?_
         | 
         | I haven't thought this through, but I don't see how you could
         | have UBI without universal healthcare. If the point of UBI is
         | to ensure the most basic necessities are covered, and "basic
         | necessities" includes healthcare, and healthcare is the Luigi-
         | inducing travesty it is in the US right now, how is it UBI
         | without universal healthcare?
         | 
         | The alternative is that UBI is high enough to cover healthcare,
         | which is extremely (maybe unfeasibly so) expensive and creates
         | all kinds of other incentives for abuse. Or we fix the
         | systemic, profit motive-driven problems in the current system
         | by nationalizing healthcare.
         | 
         | Yes, nationalized healthcare is also problematic, but I think
         | UBI will indirectly alleviate a lot of the systemic problems
         | there as well.
        
       | randerson wrote:
       | I'm UBI-curious, but surely inflation would be inevitable if
       | everyone suddenly had $x more disposable income per year?
       | Landlords and grocery stores and everyone else would raise prices
       | because they know people can afford it. Obviously if you're
       | living in poverty, anything is better than nothing, but would the
       | average middle class person be better off? As far as I can tell
       | no country has ever tested true UBI (unconditional and for all
       | residents) so its all theoretical.
       | 
       | Musk's idea of a Universal High Income (where money is no longer
       | necessary because robots and AI give us anything we want) sounds
       | great too until you consider scarce resources like land. Who
       | decides who gets to buy the best properties on Earth if money is
       | no longer a factor? What if you want, say, a human hair stylist
       | or therapist: who would do such a job if they don't have to? We
       | would lose the human touch in our lives, and that sounds awful.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > I'm UBI-curious, but surely inflation would be inevitable if
         | everyone suddenly had $x more disposable income per year?
         | 
         | This does not have to be the case if higher taxes decrease
         | purchasing power for some.
        
           | nostrebored wrote:
           | This does not address the relative purchasing power change on
           | the left of the bell curve.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | The whole purpose of UBI is to increase the relative
             | purchasing power on the left of the bell curve.
             | 
             | But inflation (sum total) is a moot point if total supply
             | of dollars for total demand stays the same. Prices might
             | temporarily increase for staples, such as shelter and food,
             | but that should incentivize sellers in the economy to
             | supply more staples, and fewer luxury goods.
             | 
             | The additional supply will eventually bring prices down,
             | but end result is more people have more of the basics.
        
               | shahmeern wrote:
               | I don't think that line of reasoning has worked our
               | particularly well for shelter.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Just because supply of shelter in certain locales has not
               | kept up with demand for that specific locale, and/or is
               | affected by numerous legalities regarding things like
               | eviction and zoning codes and fire codes and animals,
               | does not mean invalid the theory of higher prices
               | incentivizing sellers to increase supply.
        
         | throwaway94275 wrote:
         | In places that consist of many people with subsidized incomes,
         | like elderly housing complexes, why aren't local grocery stores
         | and gas stations higher than elsewhere?
         | 
         | Also, aside from that question, prices will only rise if
         | there's no competition. In a working market, if more people can
         | afford a higher rent more apartments will be built.
        
           | nostrebored wrote:
           | Because "many" is different than all and these stores would
           | otherwise not exist?
        
           | estearum wrote:
           | Because the subsidies aren't _on top of_ base income?
           | 
           | The subsidy isn't the problem per se, it's the net increase
           | in income.
           | 
           | It is obviously self-evident everywhere that high incomes
           | create high cost of living, which can be traced through
           | higher costs all the way down to the land rents (the rent
           | someone is willing to pay to have market access to the high
           | local incomes).
        
             | NicuCalcea wrote:
             | I don't see why UBI would necessarily be an increase of
             | income for everyone. It could be that, but it could also be
             | a decrease in hours worked, or a more equal distribution of
             | wealth, or any combination of these.
             | 
             | I don't want a higher income, I want to benefit from the
             | productivity gains I and everyone else made happen by
             | having more time to do things I like.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | > I don't want a higher income, I want to benefit from
               | the productivity gains I and everyone else made happen by
               | having more time to do things I like.
               | 
               | Why don't you just do that now and work half the amount
               | of hours you're currently working?
        
               | NicuCalcea wrote:
               | Money.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | More precisely: purchasing power.
               | 
               | And that's my point.
               | 
               | Your purchasing power will not change.
        
               | NicuCalcea wrote:
               | If we worked fewer hours for the same pay, our purchasing
               | power would remain the same. I'm not saying there won't
               | be any disruption at all, but we did it before with the
               | five-day work week.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | If "we" means _everyone_ , yes. But the reality is there
               | is a sufficient number of people willing to work more to
               | earn more, and therefore they will raise prices of
               | everything which destroys your purchasing power.
               | 
               | Your purchasing power is defined in a competitive
               | equilibrium with your peers.
               | 
               | If you're assuming you can band everyone together to all
               | decide to work fewer hours for the same pay, fine, but
               | you just invented a union, not an improvement to UBI.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | > Why don't you just do that now and work half the amount
               | of hours you're currently working?
               | 
               | Show me the job like mine where this is an option, and
               | I'll take it in a second. Hire another me and we'll split
               | duties.
               | 
               | These sorts of "professional job that pays a professional
               | hourly rate but is for 20 hours a week" are exceedingly
               | rare. You'll usually be taking far less than 50% pay -
               | far worse if you include benefits in the calculation.
               | 
               | I've been halfway keeping my eye open for such an
               | opportunity so I could fund the basics of my life, plus
               | have time to do personal projects with utterly no chance
               | of monetary payback. Just stuff like paint the house,
               | teach myself how to weld, work on backyard art,
               | volunteer, etc.
               | 
               | I could certainly find a job that pays 50% of what I get
               | now for working the same number of hours though. Perhaps
               | moderately less stress and no "off hours" chance of being
               | called in for an emergency. But that's not a great
               | tradeoff since I'm looking to trade money for time.
               | 
               | This may not be the point you're making, but it really is
               | sort of frustrating this isn't an option. I get why - I
               | employ folks too and understand the overheads involved -
               | but man it's the dream!
        
             | OneDeuxTriSeiGo wrote:
             | The trick though is that you aren't really increasing net
             | income. You are just adjusting the way you provide your
             | safety net while increasing the volume of money and the
             | "velocity" of that money.
             | 
             | A Universal Basic Income gives everyone a flat monthly or
             | bi-weekly income. Whatever jobs you work on top of that
             | also provide you income.
             | 
             | As a standard W-2 employee (in US terms) this UBI payment
             | would be factored into your W-4 paperwork (income tax
             | withholding). As your wage increases your withholding
             | increases as well and at the end of the year ideally your
             | return has a clean net 0 under/overpaid.
             | 
             | Below some income threshold your total income tax
             | contribution would be less than the UBI payments and so
             | you'd be receiving a prorated negative income tax
             | throughout the year. You could also call it a prorated tax
             | credit or fixed disbursement social welfare grant or
             | whatever.
             | 
             | At that income threshold you are receiving an interest free
             | loan from the government for the year with loan disbursment
             | on a fixed schedule throughout the year. And of course you
             | promise to pay back in full by the tax deadline (either via
             | withholding and/or with a lump sum at the end of the tax
             | year).
             | 
             | Above that income threshold you are still receiving that
             | fixed disbursement schedule interest free loan from the
             | government but you also start paying additional income
             | taxes on top of that loan. This is of course all still
             | handled via W-4 deductions during payroll and nobody
             | touches your regular UBI disbursement that shows up in the
             | bank as a direct deposit or as a check in the mail. It
             | still shows up every 2 weeks or every month.
             | 
             | But importantly this system is resilient to sudden changes
             | in income. If your income suddenly increases, you factor
             | that in via your W-4 and nothing changes. But if you
             | suddenly lose your job or you move to a much lower paying
             | job, you keep receiving your UBI disbursements on that
             | fixed interval and you aren't left with a tax burden for it
             | at the end of the year.
             | 
             | And so UBI as a system is purely an implementation detail.
             | If we took existing welfare systems. Housing subsidies,
             | food security subsidies (SNAP, etc), insurance subsidies,
             | etc. We factor their per person cost/payout and roll it all
             | together into one fixed interval UBI check. We keep income
             | tax rates the exact same as they are now but shifted to
             | factor in this UBI income (i.e. start everyone at a
             | negative income floor that slowly gets filled to 0 dollars
             | once every UBI check for the tax year pays out). The taxes
             | paid and the net incomes for everyone stays identical (more
             | or less due to variations in thresholds for existing
             | benefits programs).
             | 
             | So at the end of the day your income stays the exact same
             | but there's more money moving around and more consistency
             | for the tax payer/citizen/resident even when suddenly life
             | events change their financial situation.
             | 
             | /rant. sorry for the wall of text
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | It would not be inflationary if it's paid for with a tax on
         | real value or income. Maybe somewhat inefficient, and prone to
         | political meddling, but it's not introducing new money into the
         | economy.
         | 
         | If it's just printed money, it would be.
        
           | randerson wrote:
           | It would be in a sense, because that money is otherwise
           | mostly hoarded by the wealthy, whose spending would look the
           | same whether or not they are taxed. If money is saved and not
           | spent, it is not really part of the economy in this sense.
           | 
           | But if the money is transferred to others and spent on
           | additional goods & services that is when it increases demand
           | and raises prices.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | Ah yes, the old "we should actually be grateful to the
             | ultra-rich, because by not spending all the financial
             | resources they accumulate, they save us from inflation!"
        
               | randerson wrote:
               | I see it more as, we should have taken their money sooner
               | so that we don't have this problem now!
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | It wouldn't be inflationary. What it would do is to make
             | the government's inflation policy have effects immediately,
             | instead of delayed by a decade.
             | 
             | That would happen for whatever direction the government
             | policy is pushing.
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | If UBI is so high that people can afford paying extra without
         | working for it then maybe, but I don't think that is the idea
         | behind UBI. There still needs to be an incentive for people to
         | work, they should just be in a place where they actually have a
         | choice instead of living in survival mode every day.
        
           | estearum wrote:
           | Doesn't matter at all how much it is. It'll be (almost
           | entirely or entirely) eaten by landlords.
           | 
           | I am a landlord.
           | 
           | I am setting prices for renewal.
           | 
           | I have come to learn that 100% of my possible customer base
           | now has $200/mo more to spend.
           | 
           | I raise prices $200/mo with absolute certainty that I will
           | find a renter.
           | 
           | Congrats, mission accomplished.
        
             | iso1631 wrote:
             | Unless of course that UBI is funded by a land value tax.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | How does land value tax help in particular here? Landlord
               | pays land value tax, which is distributed via UBI, and
               | then paid back to the landlord in higher rents (in the
               | above scenaro).
        
               | larsiusprime wrote:
               | This is a good resource on the question -- Land Value Tax
               | is not passed on to tenants, the landlord eats it. This
               | is pretty unique among taxes, which is why LVT is a
               | particularly good way to fund UBI, otherwise you would
               | expect the UBI to result in inflated rents.
               | 
               | https://progressandpovertyinstitute.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/P...
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | The argument seems to be "that landlords are already
               | charging the maximum that tenants are willing to pay for
               | access to a given location and so cannot arbitrarily
               | raise rents when a LVT is imposed."
               | 
               | But, if the tenants now have _more money_ in the form of
               | UBI, then that argument doesn 't hold.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | No the argument is that the landlord will raise rents,
               | but they will not _keep_ them. The gain generated by UBI,
               | by virtue of raising the value of _the land underneath
               | the unit_ , would be recouped by the LVT at tax time.
               | 
               |  _UBI_ is passed from the tenants to the landlord in the
               | form of higher prices, but is recouped by the LVT, which
               | cannot be passed in reverse from the landlord back to the
               | tenant.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | How do you control what other landlords do? Why won't any
             | undercut you by $200 and get your tenants?
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | In a normal market, they would. But housing is highly
               | regulated with artificial shortages, so that pricing is
               | very distorted.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Regulation is not what suppresses production, but the
               | actual profit margins. It's extremely hard to make money
               | building housing because the cost of land and labor are
               | so high. These costs are high because we now live in an
               | advanced economy where land can do much more valuable
               | things than "be housing", and laborers can do much more
               | productive things than "build housing."
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Yup. Development companies contract when the housing
               | market contracts. They aren't building houses for the fun
               | of it, they are building them because they believe the
               | 100 houses they build in a hot market will ultimately pay
               | back the land purchase rights. They will never build so
               | many houses as to decrease the cost of a home.
               | 
               | I actually got my home from a developer right after the
               | housing bubble. They confided in me that they were giving
               | away these homes pretty much at cost and that they had to
               | fire a huge portion of their staff because the market was
               | just crap at the time.
               | 
               | Really, the only way to actually achieve lower housing
               | prices is through the state ownership and build out. The
               | state could also spend a premium on building homes that
               | it sells at a loss or rents at lower rates. But that will
               | be pretty unpopular with the general public.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Yep -- or aggressive subsidization of the inputs of
               | housing production, or some other cost management of an
               | input (such as a high LVT that discourages speculation
               | and withholding of valuable land from use)
        
               | joe_the_user wrote:
               | I disagree. Zoning, building permits, inflated utility
               | hook-up charges, etc is what restricts me from buying a
               | one-acre parcel and putting in 30 snug cabins.
        
               | estimator7292 wrote:
               | Because tenants are not scarce. If you cut your prices,
               | you lose $200/mo forever. If you simply follow the
               | maximum market price and wait, someone will fill your
               | room eventually and you have them locked into a higher
               | rate forever.
               | 
               | Competition doesn't work for necessities. Someone _will_
               | rent your room at _any_ price because it 's necessary for
               | survival. One of the major crises of our time is the fact
               | that there are more people who need housing than there
               | are rooms to rent to them.
               | 
               | Why don't landlords undercut one another? They literally
               | don't have to. The only outcome is less profit. You'll
               | find a tenant eventually, at any price. Getting tenants
               | in rooms a few months earlier at the cost of lower rent
               | means you make less money, and are less competitive as a
               | business.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Everything you've written here presupposes a housing
               | shortage.
               | 
               | Fixing the housing shortage is a central tenet of
               | progressive policies (regardless of whether or not they
               | may ever actually accomplish this).
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Housing will always fall short of demand. Nobody,
               | progressive or not, is actually willing to sustain an
               | oversupply of housing.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | This just isn't true across the time and space of human
               | cultures and civilizations. There are plenty of places,
               | even in the USA within the last 50 years, that have had a
               | housing surplus.
               | 
               | The current problems have tended to arise when desirable
               | work is geographically limited which then leads to a much
               | larger housing shortage in those areas despite the
               | presence of sufficient housing across a broader
               | territory.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | > There are plenty of places, even in the USA within the
               | last 50 years, that have had a housing surplus.
               | 
               | Yes, bad places at bad times.
               | 
               | Can you name good ones?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Defining "good" and "bad" in this context requires lots
               | of other answers first.
               | 
               | When NYC had a housing surplus in the late 1970s, many
               | people _considered_ it to be a bad place. But even as
               | they did so, a new generation of artists were moving into
               | it. So was it a bad place at a bad time? Or a good place
               | at a good time?
               | 
               | When Seattle had a housing surplus in the late 1970s
               | ("Will the last person to leave Seattle please turn out
               | the lights?" said the billboard in I5), many people
               | considered it to be a bad place. But that was actually
               | the beginning of a slow and steady population growth that
               | now sees it as an incredibly desirable and expensive
               | place to live.
               | 
               | Clearly, there are plenty of people for whom both cities
               | were, at those times, "bad". But equally clearly, there
               | are lots of other people for whom the very same places
               | were, to some degree, just what they were looking for.
               | 
               | And these effects occur on even smaller scales. The
               | neighborhood in London where I was born was basically a
               | slumlords dream in the 1960s. Tons of empty housing, all
               | very cheap (so cheap that my grandparents could afford a
               | large home there). By the late 80s, it had become
               | incredibly desirable and rather expensive. You can say
               | "it was a bad place at a bad time in the 60s", but a
               | bunch of people considered that an ideal place to be.
               | 
               | If we had completely equal distribution of financial
               | resources, this sort of thing might be less of a factor.
               | But as long as there are people looking for "value" and
               | others looking for "luxury", the good/bad distinction
               | doesn't really describe the world very usefully.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | You've described a set of bad places that then became
               | undersupplied exactly in lock-step with them becoming
               | desirable...?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | I think you missed my point. The places were "bad" for
               | some and "good" for others.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | The empty places were by definition good for few people,
               | typically people who couldn't afford better places.
               | 
               | Artists don't move into neighborhoods because they're
               | cool, they move in because they're cheap. They're cheap
               | because, by definition, people don't want to live there.
        
               | Anon1096 wrote:
               | You're failing to explain what dictates the price the
               | market will bear.
               | 
               | > Why don't landlords undercut one another? They
               | literally don't have to. The only outcome is less profit.
               | You'll find a tenant eventually, at any price.
               | 
               | is very obviously not true, otherwise prices _right now_
               | would be effectively infinite. Why are prices for an
               | apartment in SF only 3k /mo instead of 30k? Surely under
               | your reasoning a landlord could just wait and get a
               | tenant at any price they set?
               | 
               | The answer is always supply and demand. As long as the
               | supply is constrained or demand goes up faster the price
               | will rise. But UBI doesn't change that math at all. (I
               | say this as someone not actually a fan of UBI)
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | > Why are prices for an apartment in SF only 3k/mo
               | instead of 30k? Surely under your reasoning a landlord
               | could just wait and get a tenant at any price they set?
               | 
               | No, because local wages cannot sustain those prices
               | 
               | If local wages could sustain those prices, then yes all
               | rents would rise to that new higher local income level
               | 
               | That is (quite self-evidently) prices are so phenomenally
               | high in ultra high-income areas like SF
               | 
               | Every single landlord is setting prices by the same
               | metric: what can the people who would live here be able
               | to afford? Competition between landlords is almost nil,
               | which is why you find almost no "deals" anywhere. The
               | market is totally efficient. Everyone agrees on how to
               | set prices: by local wages.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | > Competition between landlords is almost nil
               | 
               | In fact, collusion with the likes of yeildstar is the
               | name of the game. Everyone is setting prices based on
               | what the algorithm tells them to set prices and they all
               | benefit from that uprise in prices because there's
               | basically no competition decreasing the price.
               | 
               | There's also been a steady consolidation of ownership of
               | rental units which also artificially increases prices.
               | 
               | There's a reason nowhere in the country at this point has
               | affordable housing.
        
               | randerson wrote:
               | > You're failing to explain what dictates the price the
               | market will bear.
               | 
               | Most people like to live in the nicest place they can
               | afford. This is a force pulling prices upward when many
               | people with excess cash are competing for a limited
               | supply of homes. Its why you'll pay more for the same
               | size property in a wealthy neighborhood.
               | 
               | > Why are prices for an apartment in SF only 3k/mo
               | instead of 30k?
               | 
               | Because some people in SF can only afford 3K/month. But
               | if you added 3k/month to literally everyone's income,
               | that number would increase.
               | 
               | (In case you're wondering why the many people with more
               | than 3k/month don't crowd those people out: the wealthy
               | depend on those 3k/month people for labor. At least for
               | now.)
        
               | davyAdewoyin wrote:
               | It doesn't matter, because land is scarce resource
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Land might be scarce in the technical sense, but not in
               | the practical sense. Housing is only expensive because
               | people want to live in superstar cities, which in turn is
               | because that's where all the jobs are. If UBI eliminates
               | the imperative to live in superstar cities, that makes
               | scarcity a non-issue.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Just need UBI, unlike all other forms of marginal
               | increases in income, to spur people to move _away_ from
               | cities rather than towards them.
        
               | randerson wrote:
               | I can work from anywhere, but I like to live in a
               | superstar city because I find it boring living in the
               | suburbs. I want to be near my friends, near the live
               | events, near the buzzing restaurants and art galleries
               | and clothing stores where I can walk around and touch
               | things. There will always be a concentration of people in
               | cities for these reasons.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >There will always be a concentration of people in cities
               | for these reasons.
               | 
               | That's fine. Not everyone has to move. As long as the
               | marginal city dweller would rather have cheaper housing
               | than "buzzing restaurants and art galleries", there will
               | be downward pressure on housing prices.
        
             | chr1 wrote:
             | That extra 200 will also allow some people to move to a
             | rural area, decreasing demand, which means you won't find a
             | renter.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | This - since you can live in a rural area with UBI - and
               | you get more time in the day to manage your
               | accommodations, the move to urban housing is not so
               | critical.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Yes if you simply assert an upside down reality, this is
               | a good solution.
               | 
               | However, people actually move _toward_ higher COL areas
               | as their income permits them to.
               | 
               | If more income meant people moved _away_ from high COL
               | areas, cities wouldn 't exist. We'd have a flat
               | distribution of people across approximately all land with
               | ultra-low COL and ultra-low productivity everywhere.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | I am a progessive state government.
             | 
             | I am considering legislation for the next fiscal year.
             | 
             | I have come to learn that 100% of private landlords have
             | increased their rents by the full amount of the UBI we
             | introduced last year.
             | 
             | I ban private rentals and/or private ownership of homes
             | and/or introduce strict rent control policies (depending on
             | precisely how progressive we're feeling this year).
             | 
             | Congrats, mission accomplished.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Yes! Excellent work. Now there is no incentive for anyone
               | to build housing for our growing population!
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Indeed, a critical problem. But wait ... what's that? You
               | say there are places where _the state_ builds housing?
               | How could it be?
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Sure but now you're not just talking about UBI, are you?
               | 
               | You're now talking about UBI, plus rent controls, plus
               | state-built housing.
               | 
               | All to make UBI actually do anything at all other than
               | enrich existing landlords.
               | 
               | Why don't we just skip the UBI and the rent controls and
               | instead just have the state build housing?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Because UBI is largely orthogonal to those things. It's a
               | way of taking productivity gains and ensuring that the
               | entire population benefits from them.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | But... without those other changes... UBI _doesn 't_
               | benefit the entire population, as we've just established.
               | 
               | It benefits landlords.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | The broader claim that you're making is that any increase
               | in after-tax income benefits only the rent-seeking
               | classes (since the same argument you've made for
               | landlords would apply to all other rent seekers,
               | including netflix, airlines and more).
               | 
               | I don't know enough about economics these days to know if
               | anyone who knows a lot about thus stuff thinks this is
               | true, but it seems on the face of it to be absurd, since
               | it would mean that pay raises are substantially
               | diminished by rents paid for anything where demand is not
               | elastic. I mean, I'm not insisting that cannot possibly
               | be true, but it seems unlikely ...
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | No, this argument does not apply to rent-seeking classes.
               | I am describing _land ownership specifically_. Land is a
               | totally n-of-one asset in that it is completely
               | inelastic. It is not created nor destroyed by any human
               | intervention whatsoever, and so its supply is not
               | affected by prices whatsoever.
               | 
               | The relevance of this is amplified by the fact that land
               | is a required input for _all_ forms of production. People
               | and machines must exist in space, and therefore demand
               | land.
               | 
               | This does not apply to any other asset that we care
               | about.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | OK, so there are classes of activity that are fairly
               | inelastic, but not as inelastic as those requiring use of
               | land. Fair enough. But why would the cost of air travel
               | not increase in response to UBI? It's not inelastic, but
               | modest increases don't appear to reduce demand much at
               | all. Or eggs (again, not inelastic, but not very elastic
               | either)?
               | 
               | The housing:land demand ratio is also not fixed, due to
               | multi-level dwellings (hence, for example, Singapore or
               | Hong Kong), or increased density (e.g. ADUs or smaller
               | lots).
               | 
               | I just don't see why you see UBI only affecting owners of
               | a nearly-inelastic resource (land) rather than everything
               | else too (even if to a lesser degree) ?
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | It would increase those prices! But that would then
               | incentivize additional production, which would drive
               | prices back down close to each good's cost of production
               | (modulo the suppliers' dominance and ability to demand
               | margin).
               | 
               | So same mechanism applies to land, except then there's no
               | way to spur additional production of land, so the price
               | _just goes up._
               | 
               | Re density etc: correct, which is why I'm not arguing
               | this benefits _homeowners_ or _building owners_ , except
               | to the degree they are also _landowners._ A building
               | owner who does not own the land underneath his building
               | would not benefit much, the person who he pays land rent
               | to will capture nearly all of the upside.
        
               | EGG_CREAM wrote:
               | I am a progressive government. The free market has failed
               | to provide a necessary service. So now I pass a law that
               | creates a not for profit contractor that builds houses.
               | It's not that complicated. We do it with fire
               | departments, police, and many other services already.
               | Free market might have been more efficient theoretically,
               | but when it fails in practice we find another solution.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Yes, so un-complicated that we're now talking about
               | state-built housing just to make UBI do anything other
               | than enrich landlords.
               | 
               | UBI is a bad idea.
               | 
               | State-built housing is not necessarily a bad idea.
               | 
               | You can just do the latter and skip the former.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Por que no los dos?
        
               | EGG_CREAM wrote:
               | I kind of lost the UBI plot, to be fair. I don't really
               | understand what UBI actually had to do with this exercise
               | fundamentally, the exact same thing happens with or
               | without it, it's just that the floor of what "affordable
               | housing" is gets risen. Unless you think that an
               | unfettered, UBI-less economy doesn't produce expensive
               | housing? Which, I think we have many real world case
               | studies in almost every major city in rich countries to
               | disprove that assertion.
               | 
               | I do see what you mean, I think, now that I'm rereading
               | and contemplating. A monthly stipend probably does more
               | to raise prices than anything useful, unless you also
               | pair it with regulation to stop the wealthy and powerful
               | from taking it all for themselves. And at that point you
               | could have just done those regulations without UBI. Hmm.
               | 
               | Do you think a few lump sum payments over a citizens
               | lifetime would have the same effect? Maybe some large sum
               | paid when you reach age of majority and then again at
               | retirement?
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | > A monthly stipend probably does more to raise prices
               | than anything useful, unless you also pair it with
               | regulation to stop the wealthy and powerful from taking
               | it all for themselves. And at that point you could have
               | just done those regulations without UBI.
               | 
               | Yes largely correct, but more specifically than "wealthy
               | and powerful," I am referring _directly_ to the landed
               | class, wealthy or not. This type of infusion will
               | ultimately be baked into the cost of land, which will
               | propagate up to rent, then up to wages, then up to goods.
               | The gains will accrue _almost_ entirely to the landed
               | class in the form of higher land rents with no
               | symmetrical increase in costs because land _itself_ does
               | not incur costs.
               | 
               | > Do you think a few lump sum payments over a citizens
               | lifetime would have the same effect? Maybe some large sum
               | paid when you reach age of majority and then again at
               | retirement?
               | 
               | It wouldn't have the same effect but it'd have an
               | analogous effect in the localized markets in which those
               | subsidies are applied. For example, you'd expect the
               | price of land (and so rent - wages - goods) to increase
               | where retiring people congregate. But it'd be less
               | harmful to the exact degree that the subsidy itself is
               | less broadly "helpful."
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > And at that point you could have just done those
               | regulations without UBI. Hmm.
               | 
               | Rent control is already a thing, and typically good short
               | term but bad long term: renters don't move out because
               | they can't get such low rent elsewhere, and landlords
               | can't afford repairs so things are left broken. It's a
               | great way to create slums over a few generations.
        
               | rickydroll wrote:
               | https://www.kuntarahoitus.fi/en/news/affordable-social-
               | housi...
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | So in this version of the future, everyone lives in
               | government housing?
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | UBI is perfect tool to make citizens obey to state.
               | You'll always vote for your breadwinners.
               | 
               | Why, instead of centralised planned economy that failed
               | ans killed millions people many times in history, not
               | just lowering taxes and let people to decide how spend
               | their capital individually? Game theory applied on UBI
               | sounds really like an ugly idea.
        
               | EGG_CREAM wrote:
               | UBI is the opposite of centralized planning. Instead of
               | the state deciding what resources people need, and who
               | "deserves" help, it leaves it up to individuals to decide
               | how best to divvy up resources, and everybody gets it.
               | 
               | As for tools that make citizens obey, the government
               | already has the best one: a monopoly on the legitimate
               | use of violence. Everything else is child's play compared
               | to that.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | So why UBI from involuntary collected money of taxpayers,
               | instead of lowering taxes? Whats the benefit of it and
               | for whom?
        
               | lejalv wrote:
               | You might be interested to check out the Viennese model -
               | Approximately 220,000 municipal flats and 200,000
               | subsidized dwellings form the backbone of Vienna's
               | housing system, housing about 50% of the population.
               | 
               | Prices in Vienna are so much more affordable than in
               | comparable European cities - Munich, Hamburg, Berlin to
               | speak of Germany, not to say Madrid, Paris, Barcelone,
               | Milano.
        
               | pizza wrote:
               | In Singapore it seems 80% of people live in public
               | housing
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_housing_in_Singapore
               | though I can't speak as to what the effect is on its
               | housing market
        
               | clarkmoody wrote:
               | Own nothing, be happy
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Of course there is an incentive to build housing.
               | Developers build homes and then sell them to people who
               | live in those homes.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Did you miss the part where GP was proposing price
               | controls?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | In response to what is deemed to be unreasonable and/or
               | undesirable landlord behavior ... such controls would not
               | stop landlords from continuing to earn from their
               | properties.
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | Are you implying that landlords are naturally
               | incentivized to build homes? Because in most
               | circumstances, the exact opposite is true. In the U.S.,
               | the government has a number of programs that offer
               | landlords vouchers in order to encourage them to build
               | out more homes.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | Landlords are different things from developers.
               | 
               | Sometimes (more rarely than people think) a single entity
               | plays both roles, but it's impossible to reason about
               | this space if you conflate the two
               | 
               | Yes, developers build homes to make money. This is how
               | approximately 100% of the housing supply in the US was
               | created.
        
               | LightBug1 wrote:
               | Did you just imply that landlords are incentivised to
               | build housing for a growing population?! * scream laughs
               | *
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > I am a landlord.
             | 
             | > I am setting prices for renewal.
             | 
             | Landlords do not really set prices arbitrarily, especially
             | not in HCOL areas where most of the cost is land rent. The
             | rent is set by the market, and if there's a new UBI only a
             | negligible fraction of it will go towards rent. Rents might
             | even decrease since any given UBI amount will go a lot
             | further in a lower-COL area, which incents people to move
             | out (reversing gentrification dynamics) and creates future
             | opportunities for job creation in these economically
             | depressed areas where such opportunities are most clearly
             | needed.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | You're making an argument _for_ my point of view.
               | 
               | Rents are set by local wages (via mechanism of land
               | rents)
               | 
               | > Rents might even decrease since any given UBI amount
               | will go a lot further in a lower-COL area, which incents
               | people to move out (reversing gentrification dynamics)
               | 
               | Can you identify any historical analogy to this claim?
               | 
               | History shows -- across the board -- people move toward
               | higher COL areas as their ability to pay for COL grows.
               | 
               | Why would this be different?
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | > Can you identify any historical analogy to this claim?
               | 
               | It's difficult because the main driver is clearly towards
               | increased urbanization, driven by the high productivity
               | of urban jobs. But if you're planning to live mostly on
               | your UBI and work less if at all, you won't care as much
               | about that. There were several "back to the land"
               | movements in the history of modern developed countries,
               | and the early stages of succesful gentrification - often
               | involving comparatively marginalized folks and highly
               | mobile groups, such as artists and youths - demonstrate a
               | similar dynamic that can ultimately lead to the
               | flourishing of new urban areas as the stages of
               | gentrification progress.
        
           | hackable_sand wrote:
           | UBI frees people up to work ...
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | That's one of the flawed arguments used against minimum wage.
         | The answer is, no.
        
         | georgemcbay wrote:
         | > What if you want, say, a human hair stylist or therapist: who
         | would do such a job if they don't have to?
         | 
         | I have no faith in Musk's vision of an abundance utopia for
         | many reasons, but I suspect a lot of people would still want to
         | do the job of being a human therapist or hair stylist even if
         | they technically didn't need to for money.
         | 
         | They may want to work less than 40 hours a week, but most
         | people do have an inate need to feel like their life has some
         | sort of productive value beyond just base level existing.
        
         | clhodapp wrote:
         | It depends. On its own, UBI puts a downward pressure on the
         | value of money. Some other things (e.g. setting low interest
         | rates) _also_ put a downward pressure on the value of money.
         | However, some things (e.g. taxes) put an upward pressure on the
         | value of money. So it comes down to how all of those factors
         | balance out.
        
         | jmyeet wrote:
         | So there are two basic versions of UBI:
         | 
         | 1. The right-wing UBI is a tool to dismantle the social safety
         | net. The idea of the likes of Milton Friedman is to replace all
         | social safety programs with UBI. This doesn't make sense
         | because, for example, being disabled in today's society makes
         | everything more expensive; and
         | 
         | 2. Left-wing UBI would seek to have everyone share in the
         | wealth they create by _supplementing_ social safety programs
         | with UBI. UBI becomes a form of super-progressive taxation
         | because it can be viewed as negative taxation.
         | 
         | As for your inflation comment, you have a point, to which I'll
         | say: UBI alone isn't sufficient. You need economic reform and
         | planning on top of that.
         | 
         | A good example is the US military. If you live off-base you get
         | a housing allowance (ie BAH). Now around military bases, in the
         | US and overseas, all the landlords know this so you'll find
         | that weirdly all the houses to rent cost pretty much what BAH
         | is.
         | 
         | So a more equitable economic system, including UBI, needs
         | _social housing_. That is, the government needs to be a
         | significant supplier of quality, affordable housing so
         | landlords (private and insitutional) can 't artificially drive
         | up prices, as is the case now. A prime example is Vienna [1].
         | Housing simply can't be a speculative asset in a healthy
         | economy.
         | 
         | If you wnat to see what an equitable planned economy looks
         | like, look at China.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41VJudBdYXY
        
           | OneDeuxTriSeiGo wrote:
           | It's worth noting that Left-wing UBI can still be seen as a
           | mechanism to replace social safety programs. It just requires
           | that disability payments, etc be merged with the UBI system
           | such that added disability needs can be treated like
           | additional tax credits that get applied to the fixed-interval
           | interest-free loan disbursement from the government based on
           | your taxes that UBI effectively is.
           | 
           | In such a system you get your base UBI tax credit which
           | pushes your tax burden into the negative. Additional UBI-
           | elligible tax credits can push that tax burden even further
           | negative. You can file the paperwork to adjust this at any
           | point in the year and if it's for the current year the tax
           | credit is prorated relative to the date of the next
           | disbursement date (and the full amount for the next year).
           | 
           | Then your UBI disbursement updates and you get it. It works
           | the same way as updating your W-4 tax withholding for a
           | standard W-2 position.
           | 
           | At the end of the year of course your taxes all need to zero
           | out still and if not you either get a bill or a refund.
           | 
           | And this also moves all of the social safety program fraud
           | prevention together into the same system within your tax
           | agency (IRS for the US, or state/local agency, or whatever
           | else).
           | 
           | So instead of a bunch of different agencies and systems for
           | avoiding and finding fraud it all rolls together into the
           | responsibility of the IRS tax assessors, auditors, and the
           | IRS Criminal Investigation unit. And while the rich hate the
           | IRS and common media frames them as incompetent, the people
           | at the IRS are in general extremely competent and more than
           | willing to help and accommodate your average person (less so
           | for the rich who get caught systematically trying to defraud
           | the IRS).
        
         | lyu07282 wrote:
         | This is kind of like social security, medicare or the 5 day
         | work week, if everyone suddenly had $x more disposable income
         | per year? Landlords and grocery stores and everyone else would
         | raise prices because they know people can afford it.
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | And UBI would give people the freedom to move to a place with
           | cheap rent and groceries. Rent is high in places with jobs
           | and low in places without.
           | 
           | Supply and demand will work better, lowering prices.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | UBI is not luxury communism, or at least not any of the
         | proposals I've seen. A guaranteed $1000 a month would help a
         | lot of people, but $12000 a year is not a high income and many
         | people will want to keep working to earn more money than that.
         | Maybe they'd be able to retire sooner, though?
         | 
         | As for inflation, a lot depends on how gradually it's adopted.
         | As we saw in the pandemic, supply chains need time to adjust
         | and bad things happen after sudden changes.
        
         | pjmorris wrote:
         | Agreed.
         | 
         | I tend to think a job guarantee would work better than UBI:
         | have the government provide a job to anyone who can't find one
         | somewhere else, something like what was done in the 1930's in
         | the US. Come up with a list of things needed (can you think of
         | anything that needs fixing?), and pay people a living wage and
         | benefits to take care of those things. Call it 'Universal Basic
         | Work.'
         | 
         | Beyond spending government money to take care of the country
         | and beyond providing those hired with enough to take take of
         | themselves, it'd force private employers to pay and provide
         | benefits at least as well as the government UBW jobs if they
         | want to hire employees.
         | 
         | I further imagine that a person making enough to get by would
         | be less prone to being hopeless and frustrated, supporting
         | social cohesion. And that there's a dignity in that both for
         | the individual and the community they are a part of.
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | The government already does this by subsidizing low income
           | earners via the EITC. It just outsources the actual job
           | provision to the private sector, which is an effective
           | alternative to wasteful make-work.
        
             | neilwilson wrote:
             | Except that doesn't work as there remains a systemic
             | shortage of jobs on offer.
             | 
             | The societal deal with the private sector is that it
             | employs everybody at a rate that allows an individual to
             | live in return for the chance to make a profit. A job
             | guarantee ensures that the private sector overall cannot
             | shirk that responsibility.
             | 
             | If the private sector does its job, nobody will be employed
             | on a job guarantee.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | An income subsidy does the same thing at lesser cost.
               | Whether that subsidy is a UBI or a wage supplement is to
               | some extent a political choice: we got the EITC instead
               | of a proper UBI (managed as a "negative" income tax bill
               | for low-earning folks) largely due to political
               | objections to the notion of getting money "for doing
               | nothing".
        
           | elevatortrim wrote:
           | Not sure if that would work better:
           | 
           | 1. The idea behind UBI is that it is near-zero effort, the
           | cost to operate UBI should be minimal. UBW cannot be low
           | overhead I suppose. 2. What motivation do I have to do the
           | work if I can't get fired?
        
             | neilwilson wrote:
             | You have to work if you want to get paid. Otherwise you
             | will get fired. The obligation of the state is to provide
             | you with a guaranteed alternative job offer, not a
             | guaranteed income.
             | 
             | It's up to you if you take up the state's offer or not.
             | 
             | The UBI removes the motivation to work and turns everything
             | into volunteering. The result is a rise in the "reservation
             | wage gap" - the amount the private sector has to pay to get
             | people to work for them.
             | 
             | The reservation wage gap with a job guarantee is near zero
             | - which is more economically efficient.
             | 
             | Additionally the job guarantee acts as a powerful spend
             | side automatic stabiliser that is temporal and spatially
             | efficient - which removes the need to manipulate the base
             | interest rate allowing it to return to its natural rate of
             | zero. This allows permanent cheaper mortgages and business
             | loans.
        
         | jltsiren wrote:
         | Is that what UBI has become these days? That everyone is
         | supposed to get some extra money on top of whatever they
         | already have?
         | 
         | ~20 years ago, when UBI was a popular idea in my country, it
         | was understood as a technical fix to the welfare and tax
         | systems. It was supposed to simplify the systems and make them
         | easier to understand. It was supposed to fix the perverse
         | incentives people with low wages face, such as the extremely
         | high (often >80%) effective marginal tax rates. It was supposed
         | to automatically give people the benefits they are entitled to,
         | without having to deal with the punitive bureaucracy. It was
         | supposed to help people who fall between the categories in the
         | existing welfare system. And so on.
         | 
         | And it was supposed to be funded by making it an accounting
         | technicality, at least for the most part. Most basic welfare
         | benefits, tax credits, and tax deductions would go away.
         | Progressive taxation would go away. Standard deduction would
         | either go away or become substantially smaller. And the highest
         | income tax bracket would start at 0.
        
           | nout wrote:
           | The current UBI frame is nothing like what you said. And I
           | think this is the issue with UBI - the incentives are not
           | aligned for it to be stable and reasonable over time, but
           | rather to get much worse and misused over time.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | That's exactly what it's supposed to be, but then opponents
           | (or just people who are confused) will often characterize it
           | as something else which is easier to find fault with.
        
           | Izkata wrote:
           | All of that sounds nice, but the current understanding is
           | what fell out when people started questioning the specifics
           | of how all of that would work.
        
           | elevatortrim wrote:
           | Everything you say is still the idea and I agree but where
           | does the idea that progressive taxation would go away coming
           | from? What does it have to do with UBI?
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | A UBI is a method of achieving the same effect as
             | progressive taxation without the complexity and perverse
             | incentives of tracking everyone's income and applying
             | different marginal rates.
             | 
             | Suppose you have a tax system with progressive tax brackets
             | and then a needs-based welfare system with benefits phase
             | outs. It turns out, those two things (progressive rate
             | structure and benefits phase outs) basically cancel each
             | other out -- lower income people are supposed to pay lower
             | marginal tax rates but if you're paying a 10% marginal tax
             | rate and then have a 25% benefits phase out rate, that's
             | the same as paying a 35% marginal tax rate. Worse, the
             | benefits phase outs for different benefits often overlap,
             | with the result that lower income people are often paying
             | _higher_ marginal tax rates than wealthy people, and there
             | are some cases when their marginal rates even exceed 100%
             | of marginal income.
             | 
             | So you have two unnecessarily complicated systems that
             | mostly exist to cancel each other out, and to the extent
             | that they don't they're doing something you don't actually
             | want (excessively high marginal rates on poor people). It's
             | better to just get rid of both -- no phase outs is the
             | "universal" part of the UBI, and then you combine that with
             | a uniform marginal tax rate for everyone.
             | 
             | You're basically getting rid of the progressive rate
             | structure so you can lower the marginal tax rates on poor
             | people to the ones being paid by rich people, and if that
             | seems counterintuitive it's because the status quo is
             | _very_ stupid.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | Inflation is a common red herring that people arguing in bad
         | faith throw at policies they don't like, because most people
         | don't know enough to reject it.
         | 
         | The monetary side of the economy deals with money volumes
         | orders of magnitude larger than the real side, and reacts to
         | change also orders of magnitude faster. Because of that,
         | inflation is almost always completely determined by monetary
         | policy. A real shock that can out-impact monetary policy looks
         | like the end of the world.
        
           | BJones12 wrote:
           | > Inflation is a common red herring that people arguing in
           | bad faith throw at policies they don't like, because most
           | people don't know enough to reject it.
           | 
           | That's very dismissive. Since you know so much, why don't you
           | try to reject it?
        
           | randerson wrote:
           | Oil is up due to shortages due to the war in Iran. RAM is up
           | in price due to supply shortages due to AI. During COVID much
           | of the early inflation was caused by supply shortages due to
           | factories shutting down. Then house prices shot up in suburbs
           | as people moved out of cities so the demand went up there.
           | None of that is due to monetary policy.
           | 
           | Saying that the total money supply is the cause of inflation
           | is a very simplified view. There are currently trillions of
           | dollars in M2 doing nothing except sitting in wealthy
           | people's bank accounts and investments as generational
           | wealth. That does not raise the prices of anything until it
           | is being spent.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > I'm UBI-curious, but surely inflation would be inevitable if
         | everyone suddenly had $x more disposable income per year?
         | 
         | The money doesn't come from nowhere. It's a transfer payment.
         | People who make a below average amount of money pay less in tax
         | than they receive, people who make an above average amount
         | still receive the UBI but then the UBI is less than the amount
         | of taxes they pay.
         | 
         | The result is not that "everyone has $x more disposable income
         | per year" -- it's $0 on average, because lower income people
         | have a little more and higher income people have a little less.
         | 
         | Notice that the existing welfare system already does this, but
         | in the process creates a bunch of perverse incentives and
         | income cliffs (you lose your benefits if you take a job or work
         | more hours), leading to de facto marginal tax rates that are
         | often >50% on lower income people when you account for benefits
         | phase outs and in some cases they're >100%, i.e. if you make
         | more money you make less money.
         | 
         | > Landlords and grocery stores and everyone else would raise
         | prices because they know people can afford it.
         | 
         | That isn't how competitive markets work. If people had more
         | money and a grocery store tried to raise prices, people would
         | go across the street to the other grocery store.
         | 
         | It only works like that for products with _fixed supply_ , i.e.
         | things you can't make more of if the demand for them increases,
         | because then if people have more money they have to outbid each
         | other instead of sellers just producing more of what people are
         | buying. This is one of the reasons zoning density restrictions
         | screw people so hard -- land has fixed supply but housing
         | doesn't, because you can build more than one housing unit on a
         | piece of land. Unless the government bans that and mandates one
         | unit per plot. Then people have to outbid each other. But your
         | problem then is _that_ , not people having more money. Notice
         | that the same thing happens there if people get more money for
         | _any_ reason, e.g. more people go to college or the economy
         | improves. It 's a major problem that needs to be fixed
         | regardless of what you use for transfer payments or if you do
         | them at all.
         | 
         | > Who decides who gets to buy the best properties on Earth if
         | money is no longer a factor?
         | 
         | The premise of that has always been pretty ridiculous. You can
         | reduce the scarcity of some resource by making it more
         | abundant, and that's generally a good thing. Good luck removing
         | all scarcity from all resources. That's not a real thing.
        
         | scarmig wrote:
         | Inflation isn't inevitable, especially in the long term. But of
         | course it depends on implementation.
         | 
         | The goal of a UBI is to make sure people get their essentials
         | to live. Right now, people get those essentials, one way or
         | another (otherwise, they'd be dead; and to the extent people
         | starve to death in the developed world, it's issues of
         | distribution, not production or money). This makes the UBI an
         | accounting trick: there's no actual goods not being produced
         | that need to be produced, and it is just shifting costs from
         | welfare, charity, family and friends, etc to the UBI program.
         | This is not inflationary and frees up human effort to focus on
         | higher needs than scraping together a basket of things merely
         | to live.
         | 
         | A lot of the time, though, people also want some non-essential
         | but still pretty important things covered, which is a bit
         | trickier. In this case, there is the potential for more money
         | to be chasing a fixed supply of goods. This will drive
         | inflation in the short term. However, in the longer term,
         | capital will be redeployed to capture that increased demand
         | (while being deployed away from the desires of those taxed to
         | fund the UBI).
         | 
         | This all assumes that the UBI is revenue neutral; if not, yeah,
         | we will get a lot of inflation.
        
           | jdejean wrote:
           | I find it hard to believe shifting spending from welfare to
           | cash won't result in inflation. It's about accessibility and
           | how liquid the assistance is. It's also about how evenly
           | that's distributed.
           | 
           | To the parent comment's point, if UBI is evenly distributed
           | across everyone ("Universal") and exists as liquid spending
           | power ("Income"), there's no way that doesn't result in a
           | rate of inflation that perfectly counteracts the existence of
           | UBI.
           | 
           | Prices are only low when the seller wants to scale/reach more
           | buyers. If low/no income buyers disappear, why would prices
           | stay low? If there were an infinite number of high income
           | buyers, cheap products wouldn't even exist in a freely
           | capitalistic system. Instead we have a limited number of
           | buyers in a wide range of income levels, which drives a wide
           | range of prices and sellers competing at every price point.
           | 
           | It feels like the laws of physics, once you cut off one side
           | of the scale it will fling in the other direction. I also
           | hate everything I just said, I would love to exist in a world
           | that wasn't subject to these forces. Just seems impossible in
           | a freely capitalistic system.
        
             | scarmig wrote:
             | The point is that, if limited to a level that just covers
             | essential goods, it won't change their distribution, just
             | their payer. If it did change the distribution of the good,
             | then it wasn't essential (because it's the floor; without
             | it, the consumer of the good would be dead; above it, and
             | the vast majority of people immediately spend their income
             | on luxury substitutes).
             | 
             | That is, to be clear, a much lower floor than what many
             | people mean by "essential," which has undergone a kind of
             | concept creep in modern discussion that, depending on the
             | person, might be a cell phone, to an education at a private
             | university, to owning a condo in San Francisco. My
             | essential here means enough to afford enough caloric and
             | nutrient intake to maintain a livable body mass; a couple
             | sets of plain tee shirts and jeans; and a minimal shared
             | living space in a low cost of living area. That's quite
             | below what the US considers the current poverty line and a
             | quite bleak existence (and most people would wonder what's
             | even the point of it).
             | 
             | Income beyond that would drive inflation, at least in the
             | short term.
        
       | wstrange wrote:
       | UBI will require a more progressive tax system. The Oligarchs are
       | having none of that.
        
       | wartywhoa23 wrote:
       | Communists shared alright 110 years ago in Russia, tens of
       | millions of people failed to cope with that much prosperity and
       | wellbeing, and then even more with unbearable freedom and peace.
        
         | steve-atx-7600 wrote:
         | I think folks may not realize that communism was more popular
         | in the early 20th century US just because of how desperate a
         | lot of the population became without any safety nets at all
         | provided by the government. Educated proponents genuinely
         | wanted to improve the plight of other folks. But, where it was
         | practiced it became just a worse kind of power and resource
         | monopoly - concentrated in the government instead of among a
         | minority of robber barren types. I think the learning is you
         | have to never stop pushing for no entity to have too much power
         | - not the government and not private sector monopolies.
        
       | ciwchris wrote:
       | I recently came across the idea of Universal Basic Capital (UBC):
       | "granting every person a meaningful ownership stake in productive
       | assets from birth." UBC would be enormously difficult to
       | implement, as well as have its own weaknesses. It doesn't seem
       | realistic, but introduces a new idea into the conversation.
       | 
       | https://www.digitalistpapers.com/vol2/autorthompson#:~:text=...
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | How do you prevent people from being swindled and selling their
         | stake off? If it can't be sold off, how's that any different
         | than a corporation tax?
        
           | rangestransform wrote:
           | Part of living in a free society is being able to destroy
           | your own life by various means
        
       | neversupervised wrote:
       | UBI will likely be necessary but that won't appease society.
       | Everyone wants to have a chance to climb the ladder. If it
       | becomes self evident that humans can no longer have a meaningful
       | impact on their outcome, there'll be riots whether they have a
       | roof and food or not.
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | UBI is the actual solution, and is well understood enough now to
       | know that most of the arguments against it are moot points or
       | simply falsehoods.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, with regulatory capture at near 100 percent and
       | electoral capture almost as bad, there is no incentive structure
       | with sufficient influence to make it happen. Wealth will continue
       | to be funneled to the top, and taxation schemes that act as a de-
       | facto sales tax create incentives that favor even more
       | centralized systems.
       | 
       | But wouldn't it be great?
       | 
       | An interesting aspect is that I am constantly observing
       | innovators with significant technical and technological skills
       | that are employed in fields outside of their expertise as a
       | "temporary " measure that often becomes permanent if they get
       | further encumbered, simply because they can keel out an existence
       | while trying to build the next cool thing. So we are wasting
       | probably trillions of GDP in talent because people need to go
       | work in a labor job to support their wife and child instead of
       | continuing his very promising project in training data for
       | humanoid robots, which could easily net 100m+ in the next decade.
       | (Actual example. I offered him $1000 a month to keep on it, but
       | he unfortunately needs more to survive and he has eaten through
       | his savings over the past two years of working on it.)
        
         | dmitrygr wrote:
         | > most of the arguments against it are moot points or simply
         | falsehoods.
         | 
         | Ah the "I am sure we can all agree ... that I'm right"
         | argument.
         | 
         | In actuality, there are plenty of very good arguments against
         | unions. That you don't like them changes nothing
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | lol "unions" was thanks to AI deciding "ubi is" couldn't be
           | what I meant. This might be saying something about the
           | possibility of this working out.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | OK, but the same response still applies. There still are
             | plenty of arguments against UBI, and you still need to
             | actually refute them rather than just dismiss them with
             | "they're false or moot".
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _most of the arguments against it are moot points or simply
         | falsehoods_
         | 
         | What are the falsehoods in complaints against police unions?
        
           | advael wrote:
           | Police unions aren't the same thing as other unions. Most
           | unions exist to equalize labor negotiation through collective
           | bargaining, and police unions tend to include and align with
           | the leadership in the organization that a union would
           | traditionally be negotiating with. In practice they're a lot
           | more like a military contractor than a union (in that their
           | role is to prevent public accountability)
        
             | AndrewKemendo wrote:
             | This is correct and the proof is that police do not strike
             | with labor they fight labor on behalf of capital
             | 
             | The core premise of a union is that you have solidarity
             | primarily across unions which is actually how you get
             | collective-bargaining at larger scales
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _core premise of a union is that you have solidarity
               | primarily across unions which is actually how you get
               | collective-bargaining at larger scales_
               | 
               | Police unions in New York regularly join hands with other
               | public-sector unions.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >This is correct and the proof is that police do not
               | strike with labor they fight labor on behalf of capital
               | 
               | I thought it was because they couldn't strike because
               | they were "essential"?
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | No, the core premise of a union is to represent the
               | interests of its members. You've confused a union with
               | global communism, and delegimitized the ones that don't
               | serve _your_ interests instead.
               | 
               | For an extremely salient example, the purpose of coal
               | miners' unions is to serve coal miners. The interests of
               | coal miners don't necessarily align with everyone else's
               | interests, and if the the interests of their union did,
               | it would be a _bad union._
               | 
               | If police are racist, police unions are either racist or
               | _not representative._ The purpose of unions isn 't to
               | serve the purposes of upper middle-class liberal arts
               | majors. You don't steer workers through their union,
               | that's evil. If you want coal miners to prioritize the
               | climate, or police to prioritize civil rights, you have
               | to do it the traditional way - by convincing them. You
               | might have to convince them to _quit._
               | 
               | The idea that the police don't deserve a union because
               | police unions would support your enemy is repulsive.
               | Change the laws, maybe you wouldn't have to hire scum to
               | enforce them.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Police unions aren 't the same thing as other unions_
             | 
             | What about California teachers' unions? European notaries?
        
               | advael wrote:
               | I'm sure there are other things that call themselves
               | unions but don't serve the same function we expect of
               | organizations using that word. I'm not really
               | knowledgeable about either of the things you mention, so
               | I don't know if I'd view them as fitting this description
               | or not. Both seem unlikely to have the kind of broad
               | negative impact police unions have, which is particularly
               | egregious because they effectively make public oversight
               | of a government function with a lot of potential to do
               | harm impossible, which has the knock-on effect of making
               | that harm more able to propagate, to the point where it's
               | both quite severe and commonplace
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | lol. I typed ubi is and the autocorrect put "unions." It has
           | been corrected . But it is kinda funny anyway.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | This reminds me of a trading incident decades ago. We were
             | unwinding a portfolio of correlation trades. The trades
             | basically bet on continued correlation between assets.
             | Unwinding those trades means assets which typically
             | correlate now correlate less. When we fucked we they
             | sometimes anticorrelated. Anyway, some of these price
             | movements were noticed and incessantly commented on by CNBC
             | pundits. Theories abounded. All wrong. Most amusing.
        
         | whattheheckheck wrote:
         | If its an easy 100m do a startup and get funding
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | I'm working on that, but there's an incentive alignment
           | problem for early stage investment capital that requires
           | investors with a little longer view to avoid kneecapping the
           | value proposition, as well as the potential positive aspects
           | to society.
           | 
           | (Am I allowed to be a little ideological when we are facing
           | the potential extinction of humanity?)
        
         | zer00eyz wrote:
         | > Unions the actual solution
         | 
         | No, they are not.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_v._Ford_Motor_Co.
         | 
         | Changing the table stakes is what needs to happen: see
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondragon_Corporation for a
         | counter example.
         | 
         | Unions just create an us vs them mentality. The fact that the
         | NUMMI plant ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMMI ) was not
         | reproducible is a pretty strong indicator of that.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | Sorry, my AI autocorrected "ubi is" to "unions". When I came
           | back to all these "unions bad" comments I was like WTF are
           | they on about??? lol.
           | 
           | But, I will say, often, unions are very positive things.
           | Other times, basically evil. So, I think unions are a mixed
           | bag. But the threat of potential unionization is almost a
           | universal good, so it's a right worth exercising once in a
           | while.
        
           | sc68cal wrote:
           | Imagine posting how unions are bad on a Saturday in your
           | leisure time
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | What if we build UBI but we turn out not to need it? Thats my
       | worry. AI might possibly be "just another technology". If we put
       | in UBI we may disincentivize labor from adapting to an economic
       | shift.
       | 
       | The real solution is to regulate the industry and break up
       | monopolies. UBI is the modern equivalent of Walmart workers on
       | Medicaid and food stamps. It's raiding public funds for private
       | profit.
        
       | xixixao wrote:
       | If you believe UBI can work, why do you think communism failed?
        
         | MrDrDr wrote:
         | I'm not sure UBI would work. But what's that got to do with
         | communism? Communism failed (IMO), because it was incompatible
         | with human nature. People form social hierarchies and like to
         | own property. Would UBI prevent that?
        
           | xixixao wrote:
           | You are answering my question - you posit that communism
           | failed because people like to own property (and form social
           | hierarchies) - and UBI doesn't prevent those.
           | 
           | I'm not sure this is the case. Especially since people did
           | form social hierarchies and did own propety in
           | communist/socialist regimes of the Eastern block.
           | 
           | One might argue that UBI is incompatible with human nature,
           | because most humans require a sense of worth, which paid work
           | provides (to most). Take away the motivation, will the self-
           | worthiness remain? (especially when thinking about _most_
           | people, not the struggling artists who wished they could
           | pursue art without the burden of bills).
           | 
           | I'm not sure about this at all. I just think drawing the
           | parallels and discussing communism failure modes is
           | interesting for the discussion of UBI.
        
         | beej71 wrote:
         | Seems to be ok in Alaska.
        
         | orangecat wrote:
         | UBI doesn't replace market forces with central planning. You're
         | still incentivized to produce goods and services that other
         | people want, and to do so more efficiently than your
         | competitors.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | UBI is good on paper but far from enough. Without Universal
       | Ownership of the State, UBI is easily removed by inflation.
       | 
       | A better yet more difficult model is universal basic resources
       | (food stamp to exchange for packages, social housing, etc.).
       | People can work X hours on these social projects after reviewing
       | some training (e.g. training of plumbing to maintain the social
       | housing apartments). This also gives them some meaning in life.
       | Of course this will degrade in the future if there is no
       | ownership of the state by the people, but I think it's going to
       | last longer.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _UBI is easily removed by inflation_
         | 
         | Source? A $20k UBI wouldn't likely secularly increase food
         | costs on a per-calorie basis. Those folks are already eating.
         | There will just be supply-chain friction as the system adjusts
         | to their newly-expressable preferences.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Just my hunch, as no major country has really rolled out UBI
           | for everyone.
           | 
           | For example, how about supermarkets increasing prices? We
           | already saw that happening for a few years since the COVID.
           | And how about landlords increasing rents?
        
       | GeoAtreides wrote:
       | instead of UBI, we could just reduce working hours, while keeping
       | the same pay. Easier to manage shifts than to upend the whole
       | economy. Something like 3 days a week, with a german approach to
       | sundays (everything closed).
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | Those are two completely different things, with completely
         | independent results.
        
       | SequoiaHope wrote:
       | The goal we all seek - liberation - is a distant one. That said
       | I'm skeptical that UBI is the right way. UBI assumes and requires
       | an elite ownership class and a powerful state to force them to
       | share their profits. But as we've seen, such class members will
       | organize to penetrate the state and contort it for their own
       | ends. Thus any successful UBI will be a compromise or it will be
       | dismantled by the powerful class that owns the economy.
       | 
       | In my mind, only community ownership of the means of production
       | can truly achieve what we desire. Of course with all distant
       | goals, it is hard to see how we get there. And to be clear I do
       | not mean state ownership.
       | 
       | But I am curious, on my basic point of elite capture of the
       | state, does that make sense?
       | 
       | I am struck that TFA's title says UBI is "the only way to share",
       | amusing to me since literally directly sharing is another way. I
       | understand we all have spooky ideas of what that means, but think
       | for example of the concept of library economies. You borrow what
       | you need, but you don't own it nor have the right to destroy it.
       | We share.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | > UBI assumes and requires an elite ownership class and a
         | powerful state to force them to share their profits.
         | 
         | It makes no assumption about an elite ownership class at all.
         | It merely assumes profits, and rearranges how those profits are
         | distributed (away from shareholders, towards labor). There is
         | no need for community ownership of the means of production
         | (though that might have some different benefits, along with
         | some different disadvantages).
         | 
         | You need high marginal (or maybe not even marginal) corporate
         | taxes and a committment to the concept of UBI. Who owns the
         | companies, from the perspective of UBI, is immaterial.
         | 
         | Community ownership does not share the productivity in sector A
         | with workers in sector B. UBI does.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | Community ownership does share across sectors if the
           | community owns both sectors. Why would it not?
           | 
           | Also, you haven't really answered the point. You may be able
           | to get this established. But how do you _keep_ it
           | established? How do you keep the elite ownership class from
           | dismantling it? (Based on historically observed behavior, the
           | default assumption is that they will try.) If you don 't have
           | a plan that accounts for that, you don't really have a
           | workable plan.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | I didn't say that tackling the elite class wasn't
             | important.
             | 
             | But saying that the existence of an elite class _implies_
             | regulatory capture is a step beyond that.
             | 
             | Regulatory capture is absolutely a problem. While one could
             | advocate for eliminating the elite class (e.g. wealth
             | taxes, confiscation, execution ... as you wish), I'd
             | probably go for tightly controlled political donations &
             | spending, combined with a strong anti-corruption culture
             | (which has been severely damaged by, ahem, recent
             | administrations).
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I don't think anybody but those that are really close to
               | the halls of power and have sufficient capital to engage
               | in large scale lobbying is going to be able to achieve
               | regulatory capture. So I suspect there is significant,
               | maybe even perfect over lap between the groups that
               | _could_ achieve regulatory capture and the ones that
               | actually do, and that outside of that group it is
               | pointless to even try. You can get into the club by lucky
               | accident, you stay in the club through regulatory
               | capture.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Regulatory capture requires that laws (or regulations)
               | are drafted that favor your interests. The only ways I am
               | aware of for that to happen are:
               | 
               | (a) sufficient political donations/bribes to get
               | lawmakers to draft suitable language themselves (or via
               | their staff)
               | 
               | (b) a combination of political donations and a worldview
               | on the part of lawmakers in which it is "just normal" for
               | those affected by regulations to draft them, such that
               | you yourself are able to draft the legislation.
               | 
               | There are levels of government where neither of these
               | require incredible levels of wealth, I suspect.
               | 
               | Both could be stopped by limiting political donations and
               | a political culture in which "the chemical industry
               | writes its own rules" is self-evidently corrupt and/or
               | non-sensical.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | True, but the USA has institutionalized the power of
               | money in politics to the point that this is now a
               | reality: what would be called outright bribery elsewhere
               | is called campaign donations, there are lobbyists who get
               | to write the laws that favor their paymasters and in fact
               | it has been argued that 'money is speech' (it doesn't get
               | much more bizarre than that to me). What Musk did during
               | the last elections would get you jail in some 3rd world
               | countries, you know, where they take voting serious.
               | 
               | Whether any of these require incredible levels of wealth
               | or not is moot, I think. The reason for that is that it
               | only matters when 'lesser levels of wealth' come up
               | against 'greater levels of wealth' and the latter will
               | always win that confrontation.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | If you can manage to believe in a system of 1 person 1
               | vote for just a bit longer, or maybe even 3 poor people 1
               | vote, then I think there is still plenty of space for
               | "lesser levels of wealth" to overcome "greater levels of
               | wealth". There are simpler more of us than there are of
               | them.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I hope you're right, but I fear you are not. I guess
               | we'll know by November this year.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | I think you make perfect sense. And given that one has to take
         | a cynical take to the writings on UBI knowing the voice of the
         | elite establishment will overwhelm any grassroots thinking
         | since it is actually supported by a financial sponsor to ensure
         | the message is received the world over, unlike say you and I
         | blogging to 7 people. So one can expect most points on it in
         | the public discourse to be biased and in favor of elite-
         | benefitting outcomes. Indeed, when you consider most topics in
         | the media, no one has unique perspectives, they regurgitate the
         | same couple perspectives everyone else does, which are probably
         | crafted by PR firms.
         | 
         | The more I think about UBI though the more I come to the sad
         | conclusion that you can't eliminate money. We can't just give
         | everyone everything they could want for free; I don't think the
         | planet can sustain everyone living like elon musk. So there has
         | to be some forcing factor, some hand on top of the cookie jar
         | that tells your monkey brain that just wants to be high, fat,
         | and orgasming all day that it needs to endure a delayed reward
         | or face some physical exertion to keep the party going. And for
         | better or worse, that forcing factor is by making you have to
         | do something to get credits, that you return for your portion
         | of the produced abundance. This mechanism is able to tolerate
         | the fact that someone might work on efforts not directly tied
         | to any one thing and reap a generalized benefit from all the
         | diversity of that which is produced. Whatever comes next, has
         | to get through that hurdle and the more I think about money the
         | more I find reasons why it is actually a great tool for this
         | sort of distribution of resources and incentivizing labor.
         | 
         | I guess the challenge is that there is a lot of lopsided
         | compensation, where people like say elon musk are paid
         | handsomely even though there is realistically only so much a
         | single human can do. When Elon musk does something that say
         | moves billions in real world dollars on his decision, again
         | this isn't because he is a unique superhuman, just that we have
         | set up power on this planet such where one single person can
         | make a decision to move billions in real world dollars, and if
         | it wasn't musk it would have been someone else in that seat
         | because the seat exists at all. So much power shouldn't be
         | accumulated in one position, because again, we aren't
         | superhumans.
        
       | dangus wrote:
       | Well, there's definitely other ways. I would prefer a system
       | where company ownership public and private has a mandatory public
       | stake in both ownership and voting on company policy and major
       | business decisions.
       | 
       | I would prefer it illegal for the wealthy to possess an excessive
       | amount of assets. If your assets became more valuable than the
       | limit, the asset share would automatically rebalance toward other
       | employees and owners in the organization who are below the asset
       | ownership limit.
       | 
       | You don't even really need UBI if healthcare, housing, food, and
       | education are considered basic human rights that are included and
       | free of cost at point of usage.
        
       | keeda wrote:
       | My take is that UBI is the most obvious solution but not one we
       | should count on happening. There is just too much political
       | resistance and a population-level mental block against it, at
       | least in the US. Not to mention, Capitalism doesn't like if it
       | can't push labor around. (Which is largely why the mindset
       | exists, but I digress.)
       | 
       | I say that we need to realize that by the same token(s) that AI
       | reduces the need for labor, it also reduces the need for capital.
       | A single motivated, disciplined individual can now do, using AI
       | and public elastic clouds, what used to require an entire team.
       | So companies can decimate teams, but companies are largely a
       | source of capital. If you don't need so many people, you don't
       | that much capital either! You could potentially parlay an insight
       | or domain expertise into a viable business. Your moat could be
       | the obscurity of your niche, or relationships, or IP (yes,
       | _patents_. Suck it up and use every leverage you can.)
       | 
       | Easier said than done, of course. This essentially means everyone
       | becomes an entrepreneur. Most people are not cut out for that
       | because (besides hard-to-acquire domain expertise) that requires
       | being immersed in an ocean of uncertainty at all times. None of
       | our education systems prepare people for that, or for what is
       | coming.
       | 
       | I expect a time of disruption, but we need to realize that AI not
       | only a tool for the Capital class. It's a tool for us too, if
       | only we can adapt.
        
       | mattlondon wrote:
       | A think a more workable and politically palatable version of UBI
       | would be some form of universal utility allowance.
       | 
       | E.g. the first x kWh electric you use, or the first X litres of
       | water, or the first x GB of data you use is entirely free, for
       | everyone (where X is some reasonable number that someone could
       | just conceivably survive on). Then as you use more and more the
       | prices start to gradually increase across a series of bands so
       | that the heaviest users are subsidising those using the least.
       | 
       | It would promote efficiency, would be progressive, and would
       | allow people to live without quite so much "bill fear" for
       | essential utilities.
       | 
       | Plus it is not literally putting money in people's hands which is
       | often unpopular with some demographic groups. People would still
       | need to work but there would be some element of safety net.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | That seems worse because it doesn't encourage conservation
         | enough. You want people to be able to keep the gains if they
         | conserve energy, to set the right incentives.
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | > Plus it is not literally putting money in people's hands
         | which is often unpopular with some demographic groups
         | 
         | I'd be really opposed to this. It'd only be ok if we
         | nationalized the industries where we set these rules and rates.
         | Otherwise, this ends up being a simple handout to private
         | industries.
         | 
         | For example, let's say we say x liters of water. Well who's
         | deciding how much x liters cost? If it's a private company and
         | the government is guaranteeing it, you can bet water (which is
         | relatively cheap where I live) will end up being the most
         | expensive resource imaginable. And that may actually be true
         | depending on the location, but it'd also be true in non-desert
         | areas with plenty of water.
         | 
         | We've effectively had that here with the ACA, where the
         | government has decided that it will cover the first $800 or so
         | dollars of your health insurance. What happened? Magically, the
         | cost of health insurance increased by $800. Private industries
         | aren't stupid, they'll always charge the maximum price the
         | market will bear. And when we start talking about captured
         | industries like data provider, power provider, or your water
         | provider... well that's where we can trust private industry the
         | least as they literally have the public over a barrel. Utility
         | boards are an OK solution, but the better solution is to turn
         | these into public institutes instead of private ones.
        
           | physPop wrote:
           | Aren't utilities, by definition, state owned? Or is that also
           | backwards in america?
        
             | righthand wrote:
             | Utilities in America refers to the service relative to
             | ideas of basic needs for survival in the US so they are
             | often public infrastructure with private operators but in
             | the case of some things like the internet, it's purely
             | privatized.
        
             | ocdtrekkie wrote:
             | It depends. Water is usually provided by the city here, but
             | most electricity and natural gas is corporate-delivered.
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | We don't even own all of our roads here. Sometimes we sell
             | city streets to parking companies.
        
           | konaraddi wrote:
           | > We've effectively had that here with the ACA, where the
           | government has decided that it will cover the first $800 or
           | so dollars of your health insurance. What happened?
           | Magically, the cost of health insurance increased by $800.
           | 
           | I don't think that's an accurate description of ACA [1], it
           | didn't lead to a dollar to dollar increase in premiums (share
           | a citation if otherwise), and it's a bit misleading to say it
           | led to an increase in premiums because plans pre-ACA were
           | effectively inaccessible to and lacking in benefits for
           | impoverished people or people with pre-existing conditions.
           | 
           | [1] Here's a brief description of ACA from Wikipedia:
           | 
           | > The act largely retained the existing structure of
           | Medicare, Medicaid, and the employer market, but individual
           | markets were radically overhauled.[1][11] Insurers were made
           | to accept all applicants without charging based on pre-
           | existing conditions or demographic status (except age). To
           | combat the resultant adverse selection, the act mandated that
           | individuals buy insurance (or pay a monetary penalty) and
           | that insurers cover a list of "essential health benefits".
           | Young people were allowed to stay on their parents' insurance
           | plans until they were 26 years old.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | There will never be a cited reason for increases, but
             | here's 2023 where basically all insurers filled for a 10%
             | increase in premiums. [1]
             | 
             | Since the 2022 covid bill which significantly increased the
             | subsidization of premiums, health insurers have found
             | various reasons to increase their premiums by inflation
             | beating numbers.
             | 
             | That's obviously a "the market will bear it" situation.
             | 
             | The ACA was a big bill that did a lot. I'm not talking
             | about all of it, but rather the premium subsidization along
             | with the covid premium increase which both expired in 2026.
             | 
             | Look, the premiums expiring was bad. IDK if that was clear
             | from my earlier comment. But there's a fundamentally
             | unaddressed issue with insurers in general where they
             | charge not based on competition or the cost of service, but
             | based on what consumers can bear. Profit incentives for
             | healthcare in the US are completely misaligned with
             | providing good general healthcare. The ACA premiums are a
             | bandaid over an artery laceration. Better than nothing, but
             | that thing is going to very quickly start bleeding through.
             | You can keep slapping on band-aides, but ultimately you'll
             | be looking at more damage if you don't just address the
             | issue.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/brief/an-early-
             | look-at-w...
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | A non-tradable utility allowance would incent people to waste
         | these basic goods, and a tradable utility allowance, while
         | obviously fixing this, would be no different than a UBI that
         | was indexed to the price of basic utilities.
        
         | cwillu wrote:
         | The "demographic groups" that find it unpopular dislike
         | anything that can be _remotely_ construed as giving to the
         | poor. There is literally no purpose trying to cater to them
         | while trying to set up a social program.
        
       | stego-tech wrote:
       | UBI, as the OP points out, as _many_ of us have _continued_ to
       | point out /scream about, is a single component of a larger agenda
       | of reforms.
       | 
       | It's not just about giving people money (though we absolutely
       | should), it's also about ensuring wealth pumps can't just vacuum
       | up that money into the hands of the already wealthy - like the
       | stimulus checks did during COVID, like tax subsidies for
       | healthcare do, like tax breaks for employer-provided benefits
       | contribute to.
       | 
       | It's reforming housing from investment asset into human right.
       | It's detaching healthcare from employment as much as it's about
       | negotiating with pharmaceutical companies on pricing and creating
       | more public healthcare rather than outsource to private firms.
       | It's rent controls on older housing stock to incentivize growing
       | revenue through volume (more housing) instead of scarcity like we
       | have now. It's levying taxes on higher-priced rentals and luxury
       | housing stock to force investing in more affordable supplies.
       | It's penalizing for-profit employers whose staff
       | disproportionately rely on government subsidies to make ends
       | meet, and taxing the shareholders for supporting such bad
       | governance.
       | 
       | It's taxing wealth and assets properly, rather than capping rate
       | increases to keep people in homes (and thus drive up values).
       | It's cities who reward businesses whose staff take public transit
       | and taxing those who rely on private vehicles. Lifting property
       | tax caps so that taxation rates float with the market, and
       | accepting that this will mean some folks will see foreclosures
       | and others will see valuations plummet as the market corrects
       | itself. Incentivizing longer leases from landlords by tying
       | property tax increases to lease renewals (yearly renewals mean
       | yearly appraisals), to encourage more community and investing in
       | buildings.
       | 
       | It's expanding SNAP to everyone by default on raw foods only, and
       | expanding access to cooking and nutrition courses so every adult
       | can eat healthy meals. It's shrinking the work week to create
       | more jobs, capping overtime instead of merely 1.5xing it, and
       | raising minimum wages. It's also taxing the absolute shit out of
       | executive compensation, _especially_ on equities and securities.
       | It 's barring share buybacks other than those amounts that would
       | give the company 51% control over its outstanding shares (or
       | more), and replacing Capital Gains with Income Taxes. It's
       | closing loopholes and shrinking the tax codes.
       | 
       | It's _so much more_ than  "UBI and we're fine". There is _no
       | silver bullet_. _Nothing_ is an  "easy fix", and no single fix
       | will make a meaningful impact on the whole. It's nothing short of
       | a coordinated rejection of the status quo in favor of a more
       | equitable future that balances the need for innovation and growth
       | with the needs of the masses for basic sustenance, shelter,
       | healthcare, education, and safety. It's a cessation of promoting
       | business over all, and a return to balancing business with
       | community, with family, with individuality.
       | 
       | It's a _lot of fucking work_ , and anyone lounging in here
       | nitpicking UBI specifically without considering the _whole of the
       | problem_ shows they 're simply not ready to deal with problems of
       | this scale.
        
       | drbojingle wrote:
       | I think the issue with ubi is it's not really basic. Cloths food
       | and shelter are basic. I'm much more inclined to support ubi if
       | it's food shelter cloths.
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | UBI doesn't make any sense when you imagine how it will play out.
       | Let's consider what it actually implies on the face: labor has
       | been obviated through automation and therefore humans no longer
       | have a purpose on earth. UBI then amounts to a bribe paid to the
       | remaining surviving masses of humanity so they don't go on to
       | destroy all the automated economy and those who remain in control
       | of the automated economy, if those are actually people in this
       | future and not some statistical models running on their own. This
       | is unsustainable. The masses of humanity will inevitably want a
       | larger and larger bribe to sustain a standard of living in
       | probably an inflationary environment. Eventually a tipping point
       | will be reached where the models in charge of the planet
       | determine it is more efficient to eliminate humanity than to
       | continue paying increasing bribes.
        
       | theopsimist wrote:
       | Have not seen a counter to the what-seems-to-me trivial point
       | that the condition of possibility of UBI is the elimination of
       | manual labour - or otherwise slavery and slave labour like
       | exploitation
        
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