[HN Gopher] John Carmack about open source and anti-AI activists
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       John Carmack about open source and anti-AI activists
        
       https://xcancel.com/id_aa_carmack/status/2032460578669691171
        
       Author : tzury
       Score  : 192 points
       Date   : 2026-03-13 17:51 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | nkassis wrote:
       | I've been wondering, Stallman was driven to create free software
       | after an incident trying to get the code for firmware on his
       | office printer. I'm wondering if today, would he have just
       | reverse engineered it with AI?
       | 
       | Edit: I'm also thinking of what he did rewriting all of Symbolics
       | code for LISP machines
       | 
       | (similar to the person that accidentally hacked all vacuum of a
       | certain manufacturer trying to gain access to his robot vacuum?
       | https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2026/feb/24/acciden...)
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Stallman rarely cared about the rights of the _writer_ , even
         | reading the GPL makes it clear that it's all about the rights
         | _of the user_.
         | 
         | In a world without copyright, code obfuscation, or compliers,
         | where everything ran interpreted as it was written and nobody
         | could do anything to you if you modified it, Stallman would be
         | perfectly content.
        
       | skilled wrote:
       | https://xcancel.com/id_aa_carmack/status/2032460578669691171
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Added above. Thanks!
        
       | OSaMaBiNLoGiN wrote:
       | I think one of the more prominent issues folks take with mass
       | training on OSS is that the companies doing it are now profiting
       | for having done it.
       | 
       | In his follow-up post he talks about him open sourcing old games
       | as a gift, and he doesn't much care how people receive that gift,
       | just that they do.
       | 
       | He doesn't acknowledge that Anthropic, OpenAI, etc, are profiting
       | while the original authors are not.
       | 
       | The original authors most of the time didn't write the software
       | to profit. But that doesn't mean they don't care if other people
       | profit from their work.
       | 
       | It's odd to me that he doesn't acknowledge this.
        
         | sublinear wrote:
         | It's not even the profit, but that there is often no new code
         | being contributed.
         | 
         | AI provides an offramp for people to disengage from social
         | coding. People don't see the point because they still don't
         | understand the difference between barely getting something to
         | work and meaningfully improving that thing with new ideas.
        
           | dahrkael wrote:
           | if no code is contributed back then why is there an ongoing
           | problem with massive amounts of PRs?
        
             | sublinear wrote:
             | I didn't say slop. I said code.
             | 
             | The whole point of contributing to open source is to make
             | decisions and the code is the medium.
        
         | evrimoztamur wrote:
         | There is a major difference between open-sourcing a completed
         | product versus being an open source maintainer, and I'm
         | disappointed that Carmack is drawing a false equivalence here.
        
           | truncate wrote:
           | Plus unless I'm wrong he's talking about products that were
           | released several years ago and milked for money already.
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | You were not wrong.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >I think one of the more prominent issues folks take with mass
         | training on OSS is that the companies doing it are now
         | profiting for having done it.
         | 
         | What makes this more objectionable than profiting off open
         | source projects by using it directly? eg. tech giants using
         | linux as a server OS, rather than having to pay microsoft
         | thousands per server for a windows server license? With the
         | original GPL, they don't even have to contribute back any
         | patches.
        
           | truncate wrote:
           | More people use Linux, more recognition Linux itself get
           | which directly or indirectly gets some more donations,
           | developers etc.
           | 
           | With AI, the link is not clear at all. Its just pure
           | consumption. There is no recognition.
        
             | nomel wrote:
             | > There is no recognition
             | 
             | I've never written or contributed to open source code with
             | this being the goal. I never even considered this is why
             | people do it.
        
               | john_strinlai wrote:
               | it has never been my _explicit_ goal. but i have
               | certainly enjoyed the rewards of recognition (e.g. i was
               | able to lean on a successful project of mine to help land
               | a nice consulting gig) and it would be silly to ignore
               | that.
               | 
               | (edit: the comment i replied to was edited to be more a
               | statement about themselves rather than a question about
               | other developers, so my comment probably makes less sense
               | now)
        
               | truncate wrote:
               | I worked on several open source projects both voluntarily
               | or for work. The recognition doesn't really need to be
               | financial. If people out there are using what you are
               | building, contributing back, appreciating it -- it gives
               | you motivation to continue working. Its human nature. One
               | of the reason why there are so many abandoned projects
               | out there.
        
               | Qwertious wrote:
               | I don't dispute your own personal motives, but if it's
               | never been a goal for _most people_ , then CC0 would be
               | more popular than the BSD or MIT license - it's simpler
               | and much more legally straightforward to apply.
        
           | john_strinlai wrote:
           | > _What makes this more objectionable than profiting off open
           | source projects by using it directly?_
           | 
           | i can brag if netflix is using my X or facebook runs all
           | their stuff with my Y. that can help me land consulting gigs,
           | solicit donations, etc.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | This is an edge case in OSS. Even among software packages
             | used by Netflix and Amazon, few of them were attributable
             | to a single maintainer or small group of individuals.
             | They've long since become community developed projects.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | Netflix and Amazon use many packages of all sizes. And
               | contributions to projects with many contributors helped
               | people get jobs.
        
               | Gud wrote:
               | How would you even know that Netflix or Amazon uses your
               | package?
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | Their open source software depended on or derived from
               | your package. They included your copyright notice with
               | software they distributed. Someone contributed code.
               | Someone reported a bug. Someone requested a feature.
               | Someone mentioned it at a conference. I could continue.
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | This is just the divide between capital and labor though, isn't
         | it? See also: everything is a remix; great artists steal.
         | 
         | I'm on both sides. I've contributed to open source. I use AI
         | both in my personal projects now and to make money for my
         | employer.
         | 
         | I'm still not sure how I feel about any of it, but to me the
         | bigger problem is the division between capital and labor and
         | the growing wealth inequality divide.
        
           | alpaca128 wrote:
           | > great artists steal.
           | 
           | That quote is about inspiration, not just using others' work
           | or style.
           | 
           | T. S. Eliot's version from 1920 put it best imho:
           | 
           | > _Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal; bad poets
           | deface what they take, and good poets make it into something
           | better, or at least something different. The good poet welds
           | his theft into a whole of feeling which is unique, utterly
           | different from that from which it was torn; the bad poet
           | throws it into something which has no cohesion._
        
         | boredtofears wrote:
         | Its a lot less odd when you remember that he's running an AI
         | company himself.
        
           | Findecanor wrote:
           | Ah.. So the old "It is difficult to get a man to understand
           | something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding
           | it!".
        
             | NeutralCrane wrote:
             | Yes, but likely in the exact inverse than what is implied
             | here. Carmack has generational wealth, he is likely fine
             | financially regardless of how AI pans out. The many
             | individuals who feel they should be financially compensated
             | for code they open sourced are likely far more invested
             | financially in that particular outcome.
        
           | barrowclift wrote:
           | I'm seeing your comment's downvoted, I'd like to hear from
           | those that did as to why. Doesn't his current venture with
           | his AGI startup Keen Technologies deserve being called out as
           | a potential conflict of interest, here?
        
             | NeutralCrane wrote:
             | Because whether there is a conflict of interest or not, the
             | argument can and should be examined on its own merits.
        
         | amarant wrote:
         | Isn't that the case, and even the point, of all open source,
         | even before AI?
         | 
         | What's the point of a gift if the receiver isn't allowed to
         | benefit/profit from it?
         | 
         | For instance, do you think Linus is upset that ~90% of all
         | internet servers are running his os, for profit, without paying
         | him?
         | 
         | Of course he isn't, that was the point of the whole thing!
         | 
         | Are you upset Netflix, Google, and heck, even Microsoft are
         | raking in millions from services running on Linux? No? Of
         | course you aren't. The original author never expected to be
         | paid. He gave the gift of open source, and what a gift it is!
        
           | tuna74 wrote:
           | Linus T explicitly licensed Linux under a license that allows
           | anyone to run it but requires people who modify modifications
           | to share those modifications.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > but requires people who modify modifications to share
             | those modifications.
             | 
             | Not exactly. You can modify Linux and run it yourself all
             | you want without obligation to share your changes. The
             | sharing requirements are more limited and involve
             | distribution.
        
             | amarant wrote:
             | Correct! This is the exact reason anyone who wants to use
             | the os itself as a moat uses FreeBSD as a base instead, and
             | add proprietary modifications to it. FreeBSD also being a
             | open source gift, that does not have those requirements
             | that Linux does.
             | 
             | Prominent examples include Sony PlayStation, and Apple OSX.
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | You dont know what GPL is?
           | 
           | It's not an unconditional gift, it's got strings attached.
           | 
           | AI training on GPL works is basically IP laundering, you're
           | taking the product without paying the asking prices.
        
             | amarant wrote:
             | I do know what it is, I've even read the licence in full!
             | 
             | What specific paragraph in the GPL prohibits training of AI
             | on it? I guess it might be a matter of interpretation, but
             | by my reading, it is allowed.
             | 
             | Ps. In the future, try to refrain from using demeaning
             | rethorical questions like the one this comment starts with,
             | it only serves to foster toxicity. Please and thank you Ds.
        
             | NeutralCrane wrote:
             | IP as a concept has always been equal parts dystopian and
             | farcical, and efforts to enforce it have become
             | increasingly strained over time. Property requires
             | scarcity. Ideas aren't scarce. My consumption of an idea is
             | affected by your consumption of an idea.
             | 
             | AI has simply increased the intensity of this friction
             | between IP and reality to a degree that it can't be ignored
             | or patched over any longer.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | I'm no Carmack, but everything I've released as open source is
         | a gift with no strings (unless it was to a project with a
         | restrictive license). A gift with strings isn't exactly a gift.
         | 
         | If you take my gift and profit, it doesn't hurt me, there were
         | no strings. Your users presumably benefit from the software I
         | wrote, unless you're using it for evil, but I don't have enough
         | clout to use an only IBM may use it for evil license. You
         | benefit from the software I wrote. I've made the world a better
         | place and I didn't have to market or support my software; win-
         | win.
         | 
         | I've done plenty of software for hire too. I've used plenty of
         | open source software for work. Ocassionally, I've been able to
         | contribute to open source while working for hire, which is
         | always awesome. It's great to be paid to find and fix problems
         | my employer is having and be able to contribute upstream to fix
         | them for lots more people.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | It's interesting that the "natural reaction" to releasing an
           | open source project, have it be successful, and have some
           | Amazon "steal" it (leave the argument aside, that's how
           | people will feel, big company makes money using the gift) is
           | somehow _worse_ than if you work for Big Company, they pay
           | you, and then later use your code to make billions.
        
             | j-bos wrote:
             | Yeah, it's rhymes with people getting mad about pharmacos
             | charging outrageous prices for life saving drugs they
             | developed in order to charge outrageous prices. In both
             | cases (drugs and OSS) it's an ugly process that produces
             | great and greatly uneven value to humanity, but the
             | alternatives are less value overall, even to those on the
             | losing side of the uneven value.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | >it's an ugly process that produces great and greatly
               | uneven value to humanity
               | 
               | That'd be far more believable if it weren't for the fact
               | a vast majority of the research is publicly funded for
               | those drug companies. They have no issues selling their
               | drugs for less money in other markets while still turning
               | a profit. And there's absolutely no indication they'd
               | cease to exist with just outrageous profits, not
               | "crippling entire economies" level profits.
        
               | j-bos wrote:
               | So I agree with you in that it's ugly, and they do take
               | the lion's share of benefit from public research. That
               | said, the public research doesn't run human trials, scale
               | up, or QC production. Still ugly, still valuable.
        
               | NeutralCrane wrote:
               | The cheapest part of the research is publicly funded. The
               | extreme costs come from taking the outputs of public
               | research and trialing and developing it into a viable
               | drug.
               | 
               | Pharma profits also aren't particularly noteworthy. Their
               | revenues are, because of the ubiquity of their need, but
               | profit margins for Pharma is pretty middle of the road
               | compared to other industries.
        
             | fwip wrote:
             | Seems pretty understandable to me. In the former, you work
             | on something hoping that real people will find it useful.
             | In the latter, you're explicitly doing work for a paycheck.
        
           | johnmaguire wrote:
           | Presumably you are licensing your code as MIT or a similar
           | license.
           | 
           | Not all code is licensed that way. Some open-source code _had
           | strings attached_ , but AI launders the code and makes them
           | moot.
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | No one cares. Copyright in general is done, and we are all
             | stronger now. Don't fight AI, _fight for open models._
        
               | GeoAtreides wrote:
               | there are no open models. none. zero.
               | 
               | there are binary files that some companies are allowing
               | you to download, for now. it was called shareware in the
               | old days.
               | 
               | one day the tap will close and we'll see then what open
               | models really means
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Not true; e.g. https://allenai.org/open-models .
               | 
               | For my own purposes, open weights are 95% as good, to be
               | honest. I understand that not everyone will agree with
               | that. As long as training takes hundreds of millions of
               | dollars' worth of somebody else's compute, we're always
               | going to be at the big companies' mercy to some extent.
               | 
               | At some point they will start to restrict access, as you
               | suggest, and that's the point where the righteous
               | indignation displayed by the neo-Luddites will be
               | necessary and helpful. What I advocate is simply to save
               | up enough outrage for _that_ battle. Don 't waste your
               | passion defending legacy copyright interests.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | > and that's the point where the righteous indignation
               | displayed by the neo-Luddites will be necessary and
               | helpful
               | 
               | At that point it will be far, far, faaaaar too late.
               | 
               | > Don't waste your passion defending legacy copyright
               | interests
               | 
               | The companies training big models are actively respecting
               | copyright from anyone big enough to actually fight back,
               | and soaking everyone else.
               | 
               | They are actively furthering the entrenchment of Big IP
               | Law.
        
               | skeledrew wrote:
               | From a political perspective there's no closing that tap,
               | only opening it further. As long as China exists there
               | will be constant pressure to try to stay ahead, or at
               | least match Chinese models. And China is gleefully
               | increasing that pressure over time, just waiting for the
               | slip that causes a serious migration to their models.
        
               | johnmaguire wrote:
               | The thing is, copyright is _not_ done. The legal
               | framework still exists and is enforced so I am not sure
               | how to read your reply as anything other than a strongly
               | worded opinion. Just ask Disney.
               | 
               | I use AI every day in my dev workflows, yet I am still
               | easily able to empathize with those who did not intend
               | for their code to be laundered through AI to remove their
               | attribution (or whatever other caveats applied in their
               | licensing.)
        
               | hamdingers wrote:
               | > Just ask Disney.
               | 
               | Disney saw which way the wind is blowing and invested
               | over a billion into OpenAI
        
               | k12sosse wrote:
               | If they saw the wind they wouldn't have chosen OpenAI
        
               | _DeadFred_ wrote:
               | I know tech normally breaks the rules/laws and have been
               | able to just force through their desired outcome (to the
               | detriment of society), but I don't think they are going
               | to be able just ignore copyright. If anything those who
               | depend on copyright see how ruthlessly/poor faith tech
               | has treated previous industries and/or basically anyone
               | once they have the leverage.
               | 
               | Tech is becoming universally hated whereas before it was
               | adored and treated optimistically/preferably.
        
               | crote wrote:
               | Great! So I assume it is now Completely Fine to rip
               | Netflix / Hulu / Disney+ / whatever and share it with
               | everyone I know?
               | 
               | Copyright isn't "done", copyright has just been
               | restricted to the rich and powerful. AI has essentially
               | made it legal to steal from anyone who isn't rich enough
               | to sue you - which in the case of the main AI companies
               | means everyone except a handful of giants.
        
             | skeledrew wrote:
             | If you want to attach strings which involve restricting
             | access, open source is _not_ the way to go.
        
               | johnmaguire wrote:
               | You're right - the _reality_ of the world _today_ is that
               | open-sourced code is slurped up by AI companies, all
               | questions of legality /ethics aside. But this was not the
               | reality of the world that existed when the code was
               | licensed and released. That is why it is easy to
               | empathize with code authors who did not expect their code
               | to be used in this manner.
        
               | skeledrew wrote:
               | Nah I neither agree nor empathize. Anyone with a
               | reasonable understanding of how the internet works knows
               | that putting something on it means that thing can be used
               | in a myriad of ways, many of them unanticipated. That's
               | something one implicitly signs up for when posting
               | content of their own free will. If the gift isn't to be
               | wholly given, don't give it at all; put it behind a wall
               | so it's clear that even though it's "available", it isn't
               | a gift.
        
           | Jare wrote:
           | I'm the same, I've seen some of my stuff pop up in the
           | weirdest places and I was ok with it. But I understand and
           | respect that people who published code under restrictive
           | licenses may have a problem. The GPL is absolutely "NOT-a-
           | free-gift" license, in both wording and spirit.
           | 
           | If someone published something as MIT and doesn't like it
           | being used for LLM training, yeah that person can only blame
           | themselves.
           | 
           | For GPL, it all depends if you consider a LLM "derivative
           | software" of the GPL code it was trained on. It's fair to
           | have an opinion on that either way, but I don't think it's
           | fair to treat that opinion as the obvious truth. The same
           | applies to art, a lot of it is visible on the Internet but
           | that doesn't make it "a gift".
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | MIT license requires credit.
        
               | Jare wrote:
               | Ahhhh yes that's one that lawyers might have fun with.
               | MIT says:
               | 
               | > The above copyright notice and this permission notice
               | shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
               | of the Software.
               | 
               | My personal thought on that: it's going to be almost
               | guaranteed that, if an LLM is producing stuff it clearly
               | derived from a certain piece of code XYZ, it will also be
               | capable of producing the correct answer to the question
               | "what's the license for XYZ?" And lawyers will
               | successfully argue that this counts as "included".
        
               | Gud wrote:
               | So does the BSD license. Copyright must be reproduced
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | Most licenses do.
        
             | liuliu wrote:
             | To clarify, GPL is not a free as in "free gift", but it is
             | free as in "freedom".
             | 
             | The giving back part is strongly related to the "freedom",
             | not related to whether you profit from it or not.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > To clarify, GPL is not a free as in "free gift", but it
               | is free as in "freedom
               | 
               | To clarify further: "freedom" for the _end user,_ and not
               | the developer leveraging GPL code in their software
               | product.
        
           | bluefirebrand wrote:
           | > If you take my gift and profit, it doesn't hurt me
           | 
           | My opinion is that it actually hurts everyone when the open
           | source commons are looted for private profits
        
             | overfeed wrote:
             | Carmack is wealthy, and will do OK even if every single
             | software-related job is terminated and human-mediated code-
             | generation is relegated to hobby-status. Other people's
             | milages vary.
             | 
             | My motivations are very different: the projects I authored
             | and maintained were deliberately all GPL-licensed, my
             | contributions to other OSS are motivated by the desire to
             | help other _people_ - not to an amorphous  "world."
        
               | jraph wrote:
               | Correct. And certainly not to people and companies who'd
               | like to use my work to deny end users the rights to
               | control their computing.
               | 
               | That's the whole point of the GPL to me. The code I
               | release is not an unconditional gift. It definitely has
               | strings attached on purpose.
               | 
               | LLMs completely break this. I'm helping very rich people
               | build the systems they impose to the world and that have
               | awful externalities, and these systems help others build
               | proprietary software. I can't say I'm too happy about
               | this.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | So, definitely not just for corporations to make insanely
               | massive profits off?
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | How much do you think people would pay for this patch?
             | 
             | https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/1320
             | 
             | If you had to pay for it seperately, would you include it
             | in anything?
             | 
             | And yet, including it everywhere helps people with clients
             | that can't be upgraded. Maybe less now, rsa_dhe is not
             | deployed so much and hopefully windows 8 is also not
             | deployed so much.
        
         | johnsmith1840 wrote:
         | That's the point? I agree and roughly it's one of two.
         | 
         | A: you made this as a free gift to anyone including openai B:
         | you made this to profit yourself in some way
         | 
         | The argument he makes is if you did the second one don't do
         | opensource?
         | 
         | It does kill a ton of opensource companies though and truth is
         | that model of operating now is not going to work in this new
         | age.
         | 
         | Also is sad because it means the whole system will collapse.
         | The processes that made him famous can no longer be followed.
         | Your open source code will be used by countless people and they
         | will never know your name.
         | 
         | It's not called a distruptive tech for nothing. Can't un
         | opensource all that code without lobotomizing every AI model.
        
         | jstummbillig wrote:
         | What seems stranger to me is not acknowledging, that most
         | popular OSS explicitly permitted for profit use. It's
         | essentially what made them popular.
         | 
         | Obviously LLMs are new and nobody knew that they would happen.
         | But the part where most popular OSS willfully committed to
         | broad for profit use is not.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | > I think one of the more prominent issues folks take with mass
         | training on OSS is that the companies doing it are now
         | profiting for having done it.
         | 
         | He says it's a gift, and if people do whatever, he doesn't
         | care; he _already gave it away_.
         | 
         | I think it's interesting that nobody would cry that Fabien
         | should shovel cash from his book sales towards Carmack, nor
         | should those who learned how to code by reading source _owe_
         | something to the authors beyond gratitude and maybe a note here
         | and there.
         | 
         | Even things like Apple's new implementation of SMB, which is
         | "code clean" from GPLv3 Samba, but likely still leans on the
         | years and years of experience and documentation about the SMB
         | protocol.
        
           | sumeno wrote:
           | > He says it's a gift, and if people do whatever, he doesn't
           | care; he already gave it away.
           | 
           | That's his choice and I assume he licensed his code
           | accordingly. That doesn't mean that the choices of others who
           | used different licenses are invalid.
        
         | sowbug wrote:
         | It's also odd to release software under a license allowing
         | commercial use if the authors didn't want that.
        
         | sobiolite wrote:
         | Are you suggesting that authors didn't know or understand that
         | commercial exploitation of their OSS contributions was
         | possible? If so, that is a complete misrepresentation of
         | history. There has always been open-source licenses that
         | disallowed commercial use. Authors have chosen not to use them,
         | and instead chose licenses, such as MIT/GPL, that allowed
         | commercial use. And there has always _been_ commercial use of
         | OSS. Big companies, small companies, tech companies, oil and
         | gas companies, weapons manufacturers, banks, hardware
         | companies, etc. They all use OSS and they all make a profit
         | from it, without giving anything back to the people who
         | originally wrote it. That 's not an edge case or an unexpected
         | consequence, it a fundamental tenet of free (as in freedom)
         | software: You do not get to choose who uses it, or how they use
         | it.
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | > There has always been open-source licenses that disallowed
           | commercial use.
           | 
           | There were source available licenses against commercial use.
           | Free Software Definition and Open Source Definition said a
           | license must allow any use.
        
         | ryandvm wrote:
         | If folks don't want LLMs scanning their codebases we should
         | just make some new OSS licenses. Basically, "GPL/BSD/MIT + You
         | pinky promise not to scan this for machine learning".
         | 
         | Either it works and the AI makers stop stop slurping up OSS or
         | it doesn't hold up in court and shrinkwrap licenses are deemed
         | bullshit. A win/win scenario if you ask me.
        
         | PaulKeeble wrote:
         | A lot of the use of open source code has directly breached the
         | terms under which that code is shared and they are now
         | monetising the sale of this code.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > He doesn't acknowledge that Anthropic, OpenAI, etc, are
         | profiting while the original authors are not.
         | 
         | How is this different than any company that uses the open
         | source software?
         | 
         | I find this argument hard to swallow. If open source
         | contributors want to profit from their code being used and
         | prevent big companies from using it or learning from it, open
         | sourcing it would be an irrational choice.
        
           | john_strinlai wrote:
           | > _How is this different than any company that uses the open
           | source software?_
           | 
           | recognition for the authors, which can lead to all sorts of
           | opportunities. "netflix uses my X for their Y, worldwide"
           | opens doors.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | Can you cite an actual example of a FAANG company using X
             | for Y that is also primarily attributable to a single
             | developer? That is, someone who can say "uses _my_ X "?
             | 
             | Not a community-developed project with a lot of
             | contributors, but a software that would realistically
             | qualify as being mostly attributable to one person?
             | 
             | Redis is an easy example, but the author of that doesn't
             | need to say "Netflix uses my X" because the software is
             | popular by itself. AI being trained on Redis code hasn't
             | done anything to diminish that, as far as I can tell.
        
               | john_strinlai wrote:
               | > _Can you cite an actual example of a FAANG company
               | using [...]_
               | 
               | FAANG specifically? no, i am not familiar with their
               | entire tech stacks.
               | 
               | but i have leaned on my single-developer projects (being
               | used in other, not owned by me, software) to help land
               | consulting gigs.
        
         | supern0va wrote:
         | >I think one of the more prominent issues folks take with mass
         | training on OSS is that the companies doing it are now
         | profiting for having done it.
         | 
         | I've noticed this thing where people who have decided they are
         | strongly "anti-AI" will just parrot talking points without
         | really thinking them through, and this is a common one.
         | 
         | Someone made this argument to me recently, but when probed,
         | they were _also_ against open weights models training on OSS as
         | well, because they simply don 't want LLMs to exist as a going
         | concern. It seems like the profit "reason" is just a convenient
         | bullet point that resonates with people that dislike
         | corporations or the current capitalist structure.
         | 
         | Similarly, plenty of folks driving big gas guzzling vehicles
         | and generally not terribly climate-focused will spread
         | misinformation about AI water usage. It's frankly kind of
         | maddening. I wish people would just give their actual reasons,
         | which are largely (actually) motivated by perceived economic
         | vulnerability.
        
         | skeledrew wrote:
         | > But that doesn't mean they don't care if other people profit
         | from their work
         | 
         | This doesn't make sense. You make something and put out there,
         | for free, of your own will. Why do you care if someone takes it
         | and makes a profit? Shouldn't you have taken that profit route
         | yourself before if that's what you wanted?
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | Getting the credit and the modifications is the profit.
           | 
           | You basically are looking at a contract and saying you aren't
           | going to agree to the terms but you're taking the product
           | anyway.
        
         | salawat wrote:
         | Carmack is the same person comfortable with delaying talks of
         | ethical treatment of a digital being, or what even constitutes
         | one until in his eyes "they demonstrate the capabilities of a
         | two year old" by which point, with the scale we distribute
         | these models at, and the dependence we're pushing the world to
         | adopt on them, we'll be well into the "implicit atrocity zone",
         | and so far down the sunk cost trail, everyone will just decide
         | to skip the ethics talk altogether if we wait that long. This
         | is in spite of being a family man, which raises serious
         | questions to me about how he must treat them. It does not
         | surprise me _at all_ the man has blindspots I could fit a semi-
         | truck in.
        
         | emtel wrote:
         | It has never been the case that publishing a work entitles you
         | to a share of all profits that are downstream of your work.
         | Copyright law protects your ability to receive profits that
         | result from the distribution of the work itself, but that's
         | quite limited.
         | 
         | If you publish a cookbook, you should get a portion of the
         | sales of the cookbook itself, and no one should be allowed to
         | distribute copies of it for free to undermine your sales.
         | 
         | What you don't get is a portion of the revenues of restaurants
         | that use your recipes!
        
         | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
         | I haven't given a cent to openai or anthropic but they have
         | given me many thousands of tokens for free.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | > But that doesn't mean they don't care if other people profit
         | from their work.
         | 
         | He clearly states his opinions. He doesn't care if other people
         | profit from his code.
         | 
         | >> GPL would prevent outright exploitation by our competitors,
         | but those were to allay fears of my partners to allow me to
         | make the gift
         | 
         | He believes other members in OSS community should have this
         | mindset. Of course it might not be fair, especially for members
         | who are as financially fortunate as him. His point is clear
         | nevertheless.
        
       | emiliobumachar wrote:
       | As I understand it, the anti-AI stance of open source software
       | people in particular has nothing to do with AI learning from code
       | bases, and everything to do with AI slop clogging all
       | unrestricted community feedback channels.
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | It's both, although the latter is more prominent.
        
         | 3rodents wrote:
         | Yeah -- isn't he confusing the arguments against AI art?
         | 
         | I'm against AI art because it is built on stealing the work of
         | artists who did not consent to their work being trained on.
         | 
         | I couldn't care less about models trained on the open source
         | software I released, because I released it to be used.
         | 
         | edit: I'm assuming licenses were respected
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | > edit: I'm assuming licenses were respected
           | 
           | Licenses were not respected. Most open source licenses
           | require credit at least.
        
             | emiliobumachar wrote:
             | "BotXPTO has been trained with the entire internet circa
             | 2026" is arguably attribution enough.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | This would be useless. And false. It could not be argued
               | in good faith. And open source licenses require the
               | original copyright notice specifically.
        
         | tadfisher wrote:
         | Oh, I thought it was about the wholesale theft (relicensing) of
         | code by laundering through an LLM trained on the same code.
         | ?Porque no los dos?
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | I don't have problem with AI learning from FOSS code bases. I
         | have a big problem with FOSS code bases helping to create non-
         | FOSS code which does not return the favor. AI-washed Windows
         | code for Wine would be fantastic.
        
       | etchalon wrote:
       | This fellow Shawnee Mission East alum gets it.
        
       | lavela wrote:
       | There is code I gift to the world that I license as MIT or
       | similar and there is code I publish as a means for furthering
       | what I perceive as a advanced society which I license as GPL or
       | similar.
       | 
       | I don't ask anyone to share my ideals but conflating these two is
       | dishonest.
        
       | gensym wrote:
       | I find it pretty simple:
       | 
       | - OSS is valuable for decentralizing power and influence
       | 
       | - AI as it is being developed is likely to centralize it
        
         | dysoco wrote:
         | > AI as it is being developed is likely to centralize it
         | 
         | Depends on how you see it.
         | 
         | I know many people building oss, local alternatives to
         | enterprise software for specific industries that cost thousands
         | of dollars all thanks to AI.
         | 
         | If everyone can produce software now and at a much complex and
         | bigger scale, it's much easier to create decentralized and free
         | alternatives to long-standing closed projects.
        
           | contagiousflow wrote:
           | You do understand that the above comment is talking about how
           | the use and reliance on LLMs is what centralizes power right?
           | It's great people can build these tools, but if the means to
           | build these tools are controlled by three central companies
           | where does that leave us?
        
             | MrScruff wrote:
             | That would imply that there will never be an adequate open
             | weights coding model. That might be true, but seems
             | unlikely.
        
           | truted2 wrote:
           | I agree with you. One counterargument is that producing
           | software was never a path to adoption unless you had
           | distribution and the big companies (OpenAI, Anthropic) have
           | distribution on a scale that individuals will not.
        
         | Sol- wrote:
         | > AI as it is being developed is likely to centralize it
         | 
         | The access to AI is centralized, but the ability to generate
         | code and customized tools on demand for whatever personal
         | project you have certainly democratizes Software.
         | 
         | And even though open source models are a year behind, they
         | address your remaining criticism about the AI being
         | centralized.
        
         | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
         | AI is written by a for profit company whose long term objective
         | is more profit.
         | 
         | I'm not against AI, I'm against the inevitable enshittification
         | which will screw us all over, one way or another.
        
       | gaigalas wrote:
       | Model distillation is gift sharing then. It's settled, Carmack
       | said it.
        
       | moogly wrote:
       | I think if you've been set for life since the late 90s/early
       | 2000s and didn't really have to work another day in your life _if
       | you didn 't want to_, it's a lot easier to be cavalier about
       | giving away some of your output from way back when.
       | 
       | He can easily afford to be altruistic in this regard.
       | 
       | But Carmack isn't wired for empathy; he has never been.
        
         | GaryBluto wrote:
         | > But Carmack isn't wired for empathy; he has never been.
         | 
         | What an utterly pretentious and rude thing to say.
        
           | BoredPositron wrote:
           | I mean it's the truth. It wasn't necessary to base your
           | argument on it in the context given but still disregarding it
           | with a hand wave is strange. Everyone who worked with him
           | knows people skills and altruism are really not his strongest
           | character traits.
        
         | john_strinlai wrote:
         | arguments are stronger without insults
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | Anyone who knows anything about Carmack knows that he has
           | trouble empathizing. I don't even think it's his fault per
           | se. I'm fairly sure he would actually agree with the
           | assessment. His raw intelligence is sky-high.
           | 
           | And that is a big reason why he's making this post, is what
           | I'm saying. It doesn't excuse him, but it's not surprising in
           | the least.
        
             | tavavex wrote:
             | > Anyone who knows anything about Carmack knows that he has
             | trouble empathizing.
             | 
             | Can you give some examples, outside of this post? I only
             | know about Carmack by the things he'd worked on, but not
             | anything personal like this. This would help me get a more
             | complete picture of him.
        
               | moogly wrote:
               | I'd read _Masters of Doom_ (the psych eval /juvie story
               | and the cat story stand out). You might think "oh he was
               | so young back then", and it's true, but keep in mind that
               | book details id Software up to and including Doom 3
               | development, and he was in his early 30s there. I'm sure
               | you can find excerpts if you don't want to read the whole
               | thing. It's an interesting book though; great glimpse
               | into trenches of 90s game development.
               | 
               | I've (unoriginally) always been impressed by his
               | technical ability and work ethic, and while I used to
               | religiously read his .plan updates (you might not know
               | what that is, because I'm an old, OK? It's the precursor
               | to blogs) and also follow the old Armadillo Aerospace
               | development blogs, and watch the very long QuakeCon
               | talks, I haven't kept up much as I got older, just come
               | across things here and there (like this Twitter post),
               | and I have not picked up a big change in demeanor or
               | humility in regards to labor, political and societal
               | issues from back then, and those are things he's written
               | about. It's very much objectivism, the criticism of which
               | is beyond this topic, but suffice it to say it's not a
               | philosophy conducive to empathy. I seem to recall he made
               | a bunch of libertarian rants on Facebook when he worked
               | there too, but I'm not going to give Zuck the traffic.
               | I'm sure you can find some.
        
             | john_strinlai wrote:
             | true/false and insult/not insult are two different axes.
        
         | elteto wrote:
         | Attack the argument not the man. Whether he is set for life or
         | not has nothing to do _in this context_, since, presumably,
         | people who open source their code do not care about profit.
        
           | jraph wrote:
           | > presumably, people who open source their code do not care
           | about profit
           | 
           | That's not true. There are business models around open
           | source, and many companies making money from open source
           | work.
           | 
           | (I'm only reacting to this specific part of your comment)
        
             | elteto wrote:
             | I think you are splitting hairs. Yes those models "exist",
             | if by exist you mean they have dual-licensing setups with
             | different tiers (community, professional, etc).
             | 
             | The point is that most individuals who open source their
             | code do so without expecting financial returns from it. In
             | that context, whether Carmack has a $1 or $1e9 doesn't make
             | a difference.
        
               | crote wrote:
               | You're forgetting about Red Hat & friends, where the
               | software is 100% open source and the for-profit product
               | is actually the _support contract_.
        
               | jraph wrote:
               | I'm not splitting hairs, it's a crucial aspect and a
               | common misconception that it would be quite helpful to
               | get rid of (hence my reaction). And no, it's not
               | necessarily dual licensing (why not though) or different
               | tiers, or fauxpensource or whatever, there are many
               | projects which are completely open source. See for
               | instance Nextcloud, XWiki, PostgreSQL, Linux...
               | 
               | Again, as I said, I was only reacting to that specific
               | part of your comment, because it is obviously wrong.
               | 
               | (and thus the rest can't follow since you use it to draw
               | a conclusion -- which doesn't mean you can't fix this, I
               | don't know, actually I didn't get your point and I don't
               | see how it counters what you replied to -- but I'm not
               | really concerned about this part)
        
           | 28304283409234 wrote:
           | Open Sourcing software has _nothing_ to do with 'gratis'.
           | Can't believe this still needs repeating in 2026.
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | It's not a requirement but it is so correlated that there's
             | no need to react so strongly. I struggle to remember a
             | single paid open source tool off the top of my head but
             | could name dozens that you can just use for free.
        
           | johnmaguire wrote:
           | > people who open source their code do not care about profit
           | 
           | Not only are there businesses built around open-source work,
           | but it used to be widely-accepted that publishing open-source
           | software was a good way to land a paying gig as a junior.
           | 
           | I think that whether you need to continue working to afford
           | to live is _very relevant_ to discussions about AI.
           | 
           | Profits don't need to be direct - and licenses are chosen
           | based on a user's particular open-source goals. AI does not
           | respect code's original licensing.
        
           | SlinkyOnStairs wrote:
           | > Whether he is set for life or not has nothing to do _in
           | this context_, since, presumably, people who open source
           | their code do not care about profit.
           | 
           | What's your point here? Because whether or not someone needs
           | income to pay their bills is _MASSIVELY_ relevant to whether
           | or not they have to care about the profit on their work.
           | 
           | The bulk of Open Source maintainers aren't "set for life",
           | and need to get a real job in order to not be homeless.
        
           | waynesonfire wrote:
           | > open source their code do not care about profit.
           | 
           | Ah, how naive. You're not squinting hard enough.
        
           | q3k wrote:
           | > Attack the argument not the man.
           | 
           | But the man's argument is that since he sees something a
           | given way then it's the truth. What people are doing in
           | return is showing that he can only do so because of who he
           | is.
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | Says who?
           | 
           | GPL is transactional. The author's profit is in the up
           | streaming of enhancements.
           | 
           | Those who release under GPL absolutely do care about profit,
           | it's just that the profit is measured in contributions.
        
           | doctorpangloss wrote:
           | No please, for the love of god, he's been an asshole for
           | decades. He has set back gaming everywhere he's been in
           | charge. The guy makes 1 kind of experience. He's the opposite
           | of a good leader.
        
           | pibaker wrote:
           | Pointing out that a man who has achieved financial freedom
           | decades ago may have different priorities than present and
           | future wage slaves isn't attacking the man.
        
             | john_strinlai wrote:
             | > _Pointing out that a man who has achieved financial
             | freedom decades ago may have different priorities than
             | present and future wage slaves isn 't attacking the man._
             | 
             | saying he has no empathy, and has never had empathy, on the
             | other hand...
        
           | wotTH wrote:
           | The argument ignores the mans privilege
        
             | elteto wrote:
             | Go outside and touch grass my man.
        
               | wotTH wrote:
               | Posts the user clinging to a 15 year old HN login.
               | 
               | Meanwhile I only use social media throwaways, correctly
               | understanding this is all ephemeral gibberish that will
               | be effectively rm -Rf'd when the next generations accept
               | there is no knowledge of value to them stored in the
               | database that backs this site.
               | 
               | Just the vanity of a whole lot of Millennials, GenXers, a
               | few Boomers, who latched onto an economic meme of the
               | day; software engineering!
               | 
               | Oh noes; a social credit score meaningful to a bunch of
               | nobodies lack of a social safety net keeps me off the
               | hook for! You can die penniless in the streets and I
               | don't have to lift a finger! I don't have to value your
               | life itself to say nothing of your rhetorical positions.
               | Lmao out of touch terminally online Americans. What an
               | unserious joke of a people
        
         | liuliu wrote:
         | GPL is not for you to make money. It is for the end-users to
         | have freedom with their hardware.
         | 
         | If you want to make money, use a proper license.
         | 
         | To expand on this, GPL is not against capitalism neither.
         | Sometimes, end-users' freedom with their hardware is good to
         | make money on (they buy your support, to have confidence they
         | can migrate from one hardware to another, or use their hardware
         | way longer than the original manufacturer can stay in
         | business). But it is also not an automated license to say "give
         | me your money" neither.
        
         | pie_flavor wrote:
         | Oldheads are not the exclusive group of people who have ever
         | meant actual altruism by their open-source licenses. You can't
         | just pick an attribute to dismiss an opinion based on. Creative
         | control over the lineage of a line of code is just not
         | something the open source world is very concerned with in
         | aggregate.
         | 
         | Anti-AI sentiment comes primarily from slop PRs (and slop
         | projects) along with the water use hoax; copyright concerns
         | originate almost entirely from the art sphere, crossing over
         | into the open source sphere by osmosis and only representing a
         | small minority of opinion-havers therein.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | If people need money they should seriously considering charging
         | money for the software they make instead of giving it away for
         | free and hoping it somehow becomes profitable.
        
         | poszlem wrote:
         | Except him being wealthy could just as well be used to support
         | the argument for using GPL instead of gifting. "He does not
         | have to make real money off of it, he is privileged".
        
       | IshKebab wrote:
       | TL;DR: I really wanted to use a more permissive license so I
       | don't mind AI scraping my code.
       | 
       | Fine for him, but it's totally reasonable for people to want to
       | use the GPL and not have it sneakily bypassed using AI.
        
         | throwaway2027 wrote:
         | You hit the nail on the head. It's the same with employees who
         | work for their employer but also want to reuse that code when
         | they go work for other people and don't want to rewrite the
         | exact same thing again. Even though everyone else can benefit
         | from it too, Sean "nothings" Barrett said that's the primary
         | reason for his STB libraries.
         | 
         | https://github.com/nothings/stb
        
         | Findecanor wrote:
         | Indeed, many who released source code under the GPL in the past
         | did so with the conviction that the license itself would in
         | some measure protect the source code itself -- as source code
         | -- from being exploited by commercially entities.
         | 
         | The license was supposed to make derivative work feed back into
         | improving the software itself, not to allow it to be used to
         | create competing software.
         | 
         | Many of those are disappointed with leading free software /
         | open source advocates such as Stallman for not taking a stance
         | against the AI companies' practice.
        
           | galaxyLogic wrote:
           | I don't think we should protect "source-code", we should
           | protect people. Source-code doesn't care, people do.
           | 
           | Should we protect developers and their rights? Surely, and
           | users' rights too definitely. But protecting source-code as
           | such seems a bit abstract to me.
        
         | yunnpp wrote:
         | This is exactly it. The people who release stuff under the GPL
         | do so precisely because they want the software and derivatives
         | to stay free. The software has strings attached; the AI removes
         | them. What's so hard to understand here?
         | 
         | Carmack's argument makes no sense, but I guess it has "Carmack"
         | in it so obviously it must be on the front page of HN.
        
       | throwaway2027 wrote:
       | Personally for me I don't see it as gift, he licensed out the
       | engine but didn't want to be in the engine business, after
       | selling enough it feels he just put it out there so it's his
       | stamp forever with the GPL infection. I think he already felt the
       | diminishing returns at the time. He knew about the sharing of
       | floppy discs and hacker scene and eventually someone would've
       | done it and I think he felt cornered and said fuck it might as
       | well put it out there to beat them to it.
        
       | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
       | There's a nice interview with Stallman where he's asked about
       | this: what are people's motivation for contributing to Free
       | software.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/ucXYWG0vqqk?t=1889
       | 
       | I find him speaking really soothing.
        
       | Joel_Mckay wrote:
       | John Carmack seems to think isomorphic plagiarism and piracy
       | bleed though is good for FOSS.
       | 
       | This is demonstrably incorrect given how LLM are built, and he
       | should retire instead of trolling people that still care about
       | workmanship. =3
       | 
       | "A Day in the Life of an Ensh*ttificator"
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4Upf_B9RLQ
        
       | dminik wrote:
       | Surely we can all agree that there is a difference between:
       | 
       | - Sharing/working on something for free with the hopes that
       | others like it and maybe co tribute back.
       | 
       | - Sharing something for free so that a giant corporation can make
       | several trillion dollars and use my passion to train a machine
       | for (including, but not limited to) drone striking a school.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | If someone wants just the former they shouldn't make it open
         | source.
        
           | nitwit005 wrote:
           | How will someone contribute back without the code?
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | Code can still be published and merge requests can still be
             | handled even if the code isn't under an open source
             | license. As a prime example check out Unreal Engine. One of
             | the most popular game engines that powers many AAA games
             | and cinema today. They are not open source, but they
             | actively take outside contributions on GitHub. Though
             | unlike what the parent comment is saying Epic can afford to
             | pay people to work on the project instead of having all of
             | the work done for free.
        
               | nitwit005 wrote:
               | They let people contribute by making the source open,
               | which also lets the AI companies use it as training data.
               | The question was how would you take contributions without
               | letting the training happen.
               | 
               | Edit: typo
        
       | dwroberts wrote:
       | I imagine you would be enthusiastic about this if you're running
       | an AI startup/lab, yeah
        
       | fritzo wrote:
       | I feel similarly to Carmack, and have felt this way since the
       | late 1990s when I was in college.
       | 
       | Open sourcing code is a form of power, power to influence,
       | inspire, and propagate one's worldview on whomever reads that
       | code. Thank you OpenAI, Anthropic, Meta, thank you for amplifying
       | the voices of all us open source contributors!
        
       | jhatemyjob wrote:
       | > those were to allay fears of my partners to allow me to make
       | the gift
       | 
       | I respect Carmack so much more now. I always scratched my head
       | why he made Quake GPL. It was such a waste. Now it doesn't matter
       | anymore. I so thankful copyleft is finally losing its teeth. It
       | served its purpose 30 years ago, we don't need it anymore.
        
       | SirensOfTitan wrote:
       | In my mind, AI is making a lot of engineers, including Carmack,
       | seem fairly thoughtless. At the other moments in recent history
       | where technology has displaced workers, labor has either had to
       | fight some very bloody battles or had stronger labor
       | organization. Tech workers are highly atomized now, and if you
       | have to work to live, you're negotiating on your own.
       | 
       | It seems like Carmack, like a lot of tech people, have forgotten
       | to ask the question: who stands to benefit if we devalue the US
       | services economy broadly? Who stands to lose? It seems like a lot
       | of these people are assuming AI will be a universal good. It is
       | easy to feel that way when you are independently wealthy and
       | won't feel the fallout.
       | 
       | Even a small % of layoffs of the US white collar work force will
       | crash the economy, as our economy is extremely levered. This is
       | what happened in 2008: like 7% of mortgages failed, and this
       | caused a cascade of failures we are still feeling today.
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | > in recent history where technology has displaced workers,
         | labor has either had to fight some very bloody battles or had
         | stronger labor organization
         | 
         | what examples are you thinking of?
        
           | _doctor_love wrote:
           | Most of 19th and early-20th century history, which is very
           | much recent history.
           | 
           | Look up:
           | 
           | - The Haymarket Affair
           | 
           | - The Homestead Strike
           | 
           | - The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
           | 
           | - The Ludlow Massacre
           | 
           | - The Battle of Blair Mountain
           | 
           | You could also simply have taken the quote you were
           | responding to and run it through a few LLMs to acquire those
           | examples.
        
             | _doctor_love wrote:
             | lol this got downvoted - sorry that I studied history!
        
         | ryandvm wrote:
         | I guess 25 years of "unions are for under-performers" is
         | finally going to bite us in the ass.
        
         | SlinkyOnStairs wrote:
         | > Even a small % of layoffs of the US white collar work force
         | will crash the economy, as our economy is extremely levered.
         | 
         | A major economic crash as the only consequence would be the
         | good ending.
         | 
         | The real societal risk here is that software development is not
         | just a field of primarily white men, it was one of the last few
         | jobs that could reliably get one homeownership & an (upper)
         | middle class life.
         | 
         | And the current US government is not, shall we say, the most
         | liberal. There is a substantial risk that when forced with the
         | financial destitution of being unemployed while your field is
         | dying, people will radicalize.
         | 
         | It takes a good amount of moral integrity to be homeless under
         | a bridge and still oppose the gestapo deporting the foreigners
         | who have jobs you'd be qualified for. And once the deportations
         | begin, I doubt they'll stop with only the H1Bs. The Trump
         | admin's not exactly been subtle about their desire to undo
         | naturalizations and even birthright citizenship.
        
           | SirensOfTitan wrote:
           | I totally agree. I've written about this topic a lot on this
           | site, probably most recently here:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47115597
           | 
           | The US is built on-top of a high value service economy. And
           | what we're doing is allowing a couple companies to come in,
           | devalue US service labor, and capture a small fraction of the
           | prior value for themselves on top of models trained on
           | copyrighted material without permission. Of course, to your
           | point: things can get a lot worse than that. I honestly don't
           | think a lot of executives even know how much they're shooting
           | themselves in the foot because they seem unable to think
           | beyond the first order.
           | 
           | I also see a lot of top 1% famous or semi-famous engineers
           | totally ignoring the economic realities of this tech, people
           | like: Carmack, Simon Willison, Mitchell Hashimoto, Steve
           | Yegg, Salvatore Sanfilippo and others. They are blind to the
           | suffering these technologies could cause even in the event it
           | is temporary. Sure, it's fun, but weekend projects are
           | irrelevant when people cannot put food on the table. It's
           | been really something to watch them and a lot of my friends
           | from FAANG totally ignore this side. It is why identity
           | matters when people make arguments.
           | 
           | I also think I'm insulated partially from the likely initial
           | waves of fallout here by nature of a lucky and successful
           | career. I would love it if the influential engineers I
           | mentioned above stopped acting like high modernists and
           | started taking the social consequences of this technology
           | seriously. They could change a lot more minds than I could.
           | And they could ensure through that advocacy for labor that we
           | see the happiest ending with respect to rolling out LLMs.
           | 
           | Unfortunately I don't really believe labor has much teeth
           | anymore, and tech will wake up too late to do anything about
           | it.
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | I'm not aware of any labor efforts that have successfully
         | fought automation long term.
         | 
         | There's been plenty of temporary victories, but even the unions
         | often acknowledge it's temporary.
        
       | CrossVR wrote:
       | There's one elephant in the room that's not being addressed:
       | 
       | Training an AI on GPL code and then having it generate equivalent
       | code that is released under a closed source license seems like a
       | good way to destroy the copy-left FOSS ecosystem.
        
         | indemnity wrote:
         | This is 100% already happening. No need to worry about
         | licensing or dependencies any more, just have the LLM launder
         | it into a plausibly different structure!
        
       | slantedview wrote:
       | Keep in mind, Carmack heads an AI company now. His opinion should
       | be viewed with that context.
        
       | fresh_broccoli wrote:
       | Well, if Carmack wants to give gifts to AI companies then he's
       | free to do it, but it doesn't mean that other people want it too.
       | 
       | I think this debate is mainly about the value of human labor. I
       | guess when you're a millionaire, it's much easier to be excited
       | about human labor losing value.
        
       | jcmfernandes wrote:
       | > and the GPL would prevent outright exploitation by our
       | competitors, but those were to allay fears of my partners to
       | allow me to make the gift.
       | 
       | I can understand his stance on AI given this perspective. I have
       | a harder time empathizing his frustrations. Did he also have a
       | hard time coming to terms with the need for AGPL?
        
         | throwaway2027 wrote:
         | Replace GPL in his sentence with something anti-AI and think of
         | back in time when Carmack did that, it's exactly the same
         | situation now except he's in a much more favorable position to
         | make that stance, it's ironic if he can't see that most of us
         | are on the other side of that fence with AI right now.
        
       | Isognoviastoma wrote:
       | Most of FOSS is not a free gift, but asks for some form of repay.
       | 
       | MIT asks for credit. GPL asks or credit and GPL'ing of things
       | built atop. Unlicense is a free gift, but it is a minority.
       | 
       | AI reproduces code while removing credit and copyleft from it and
       | this is the problem.
        
         | throwaway2027 wrote:
         | Exactly like someone else here said, in retrospect he probably
         | just wishes he had chosen a more permissive license now that he
         | has forever received the credit and wants to have his cake and
         | eat it too.
        
         | zzo38computer wrote:
         | I would want to use the license that does not ask for credit;
         | the only requirement is that any further restrictions are not
         | legally effective (except that, for practical reasons, it is
         | allowed to be relicensed by GPL and AGPL (if you are able to
         | follow all of the requirements of those licenses) in order to
         | combine it with software having such licenses).
        
       | imiric wrote:
       | Thinking of open source as a gift is such a strange take. It
       | implies that the relationship is merely a transaction where the
       | giftee is the beneficiary and the gifter is a philanthropist. It
       | has subtle financial undertones, and a sense that gifters are
       | somehow morally superior.
       | 
       | It is far healthier to see it as a collaboration. The author
       | publishes the software with freedoms that allow anyone to not
       | only use the software, but crucially to modify it and, hopefully,
       | to publish their changes as well so that the entire community can
       | benefit, not just the original author or those who modify it. It
       | encourages people to not keep software to themselves, which is in
       | great part the problem with proprietary software. Additionally,
       | copyleft licenses ensure that those freedoms are propagated, so
       | that malicious people don't abuse the system, i.e. avoiding the
       | paradox of tolerance.
       | 
       | Far be it from me to question the wisdom of someone like Carmack,
       | but he's not exactly an authority on open source. While id has
       | released many of their games over the years, this is often a few
       | years after the games are commercially relevant. I guess it makes
       | sense that someone sees open source as a "gift" they give to the
       | world after they've extracted the value they needed from it. I
       | have little interest in what he has to say about "AI", as well.
       | 
       | Hey John, where can I find the open source projects released by
       | your "AI" company?
       | 
       | Ah, there's physical_atari[1]. Somehow I doubt this is the next
       | industry breakthrough, but I won't look a gift horse in the
       | mouth.
       | 
       | [1]: https://github.com/Keen-Technologies/physical_atari
        
         | crote wrote:
         | The gift metaphor might work if you think of it like _birthday
         | gifts_ : yes, it's a gift, but everyone knows that you're
         | supposed to give one in return on _their_ birthday.
         | 
         | If you accept gifts on your birthday but never give any in
         | return, you're quickly left with a vanishingly small number of
         | friends.
        
       | skrebbel wrote:
       | This is because Carmack doesn't really do OSS, he just does code
       | dumps and tacks on a license ("a gift"). That's of course great
       | and awesome and super nice, but he's not been painstakingly and
       | thanklessly maintaining some key linux component for the last 20
       | years or something like that. It's an entirely different thing;
       | he made a thing, sold it, and then when he couldn't sell more of
       | it, gave it away. That's nice! But it's not what most people who
       | are deep into open source mean by the term.
        
         | beastman82 wrote:
         | The assumption here is that the people who maintain something
         | in a painstaking manner did not intend people to take it and do
         | whatever they want with it in accordance with its license?
        
           | sumeno wrote:
           | "in accordance with its license" is the key part that's
           | missing with LLMs. The licenses are completely ignored.
        
             | dartharva wrote:
             | > The licenses are completely ignored.
             | 
             | Where and when? In cases where LLM coding assistants
             | reproduce copyleft code in someone's work assignment? The
             | responsibility in those would be on the user, not on AI.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | The user would know how?
        
               | sumeno wrote:
               | Are you doing a full search of every GPL licensed
               | repository every time you use an LLM to ensure that it
               | isn't giving you GPL licensed code? That doesn't seem
               | reasonable
        
               | dartharva wrote:
               | Why not? Up until a year or two ago LLM pair programmers
               | weren't even a thing.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | This is what GitHub promised years ago. Showing
               | repositories where similar code is present so you can
               | guess the license and use appropriate outputs.
               | 
               | I'm not sure whether this is implemented or not since I
               | don't use generative AI for coding.
        
               | patagurbon wrote:
               | In reproducing code that requires the license be
               | reproduced alongside it.
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | It seems to be a common view on HN that licenses and
             | conditional access to websites should be ignored (i.e. WRT
             | ad-blockers), but also that licenses on Open-Source
             | Software repositories should be respected (i.e. WRT LLM
             | training). I believe that holding these contradictory views
             | is common, but the conflict would need to be resolved to
             | come to a conclusion on how to proceed with LLM training.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | There is no contradiction. Open source software licenses
               | allow use without conditions. Ad blocker use does not
               | distribute the modified web pages.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | I have not seen any evidence that LLMs 'distribute'
               | modified software, though they do seem capable of
               | replicating it.
        
               | lavela wrote:
               | I fail to see how mass scale reproduction of copyrighted
               | code isn't a form of distribution.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Replication is not the same as reproduction; I can
               | replicate an API without violating someone's license or
               | copyright (which I would by reproducing their work).
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | The view LLMs should respect open source software
               | licenses is not for replication alone. Models and
               | generated code are derived from training data.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Sure, but developers are permitted to learn from open
               | source code with restrictive copyrights, and apply those
               | lessons to developing other software which does not
               | comply with the copyright of their 'example'.
               | 
               | As an aside, I do believe that LLM trainers are ignoring
               | and violating many licenses, but open-source software is
               | not a clear example of a violation.
        
               | technothrasher wrote:
               | You seem to be conflating copyright with access rights.
               | Two very different things. Regardless of your feelings on
               | either, there is no contradiction in holding different
               | views on them.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Copyright is all about gating access, as media rights
               | holders for sports well know.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Well no, it's about legally gating the ability to _copy_
               | so the original author doesn't have to compete in the
               | same market to sell his own book with every other bloke
               | with a printing press and a copy of the book. Everything
               | else is an addendum.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | That may be the reason copyright came to be, but it's
               | much more expansive now.
        
         | bigstrat2003 wrote:
         | > This is because Carmack doesn't really do OSS, he just does
         | code dumps and tacks on a license ("a gift").
         | 
         | That is, in fact, OSS. Open source does not mean, and has never
         | meant, ongoing development nor development with the community.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | That's just incorrect. "Open source" can mean the licensing
           | as well as the development model [0]. It certainly has been
           | associated with the development model since _The Cathedral
           | and the Bazaar_ [1].
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-
           | source_software_developme...
           | 
           | [1]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cathedral_and_the_Bazaar
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > "Open source" can mean
             | 
             | Keyword being "can"
             | 
             | The Wikipedia page you linked to refers to "Open-source
             | software development (OSSD)" which implies that it's a
             | different concept than "open source" by itself
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | I'm saying that "open source" can mean both things. The
               | parent was arguing that it only means the licensing. I'm
               | _not_ arguing that it always means the development model.
               | 
               | > The Wikipedia page you linked to refers to "Open-source
               | software development (OSSD)" which implies that it's a
               | different concept than "open source" by itself
               | 
               | By that logic, "open source licensing" would also imply a
               | different concept than "open source" by itself.
               | 
               | Note that the Wikipedia page for "open-source software"
               | [2] states: " _Open-source software is a prominent
               | example of open collaboration, meaning any capable user
               | is able to participate online in development, making the
               | number of possible contributors indefinite_ ". That would
               | really only be the case in the context of open-source
               | development.
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | > By that logic, "open source licensing" would also imply
               | a different concept than "open source" by itself.
               | 
               | It does
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | It looks like we're in agreement then.
        
               | Wowfunhappy wrote:
               | You and Bigstrat2003 are arguing a technicality, and
               | you're technically correct, but in context I think that's
               | somewhat beside the point. Skrebbel and Layer8 are
               | focused on the cultural associations of "open source"
               | development, and this mismatch is causing everyone to
               | talk past each other.
               | 
               | The original post in this thread was:
               | 
               | > This is because Carmack doesn't really do OSS, he just
               | does code dumps and tacks on a license ("a gift"). That's
               | of course great and awesome and super nice, but he's not
               | been painstakingly and thanklessly maintaining some key
               | linux component for the last 20 years or something like
               | that. It's an entirely different thing; he made a thing,
               | sold it, and then when he couldn't sell more of it, gave
               | it away. That's nice! But it's not what most people who
               | are deep into open source mean by the term.
               | 
               | Skrebbel probably shouldn't have said that Carmack
               | "doesn't really do OSS", but what they clearly meant was,
               | Carmack doesn't participate in the sort of community
               | development as the Linux kernel or Apache or whatever.
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | Isn't Carmack just employing the 'Cathedral' type of 'Open
             | Source'?
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | The "cathedral" model refers to closed-source
               | development: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-
               | source_software_developme...
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Appending 'development' seems like a significant
               | departure from 'vanilla' "Open Source" to me, and
               | wouldn't all development be 'closed-source' at least
               | between commits, if not between pull requests?
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | See https://opensource.org/about/history-of-the-open-
               | source-init... under 'Coining "Open Source"':
               | 
               |  _The conferees believed the pragmatic, business-case
               | grounds that had motivated Netscape to release their code
               | illustrated a valuable way to engage with potential
               | software users and developers, and convince them to
               | create and improve source code by participating in an
               | engaged community. The conferees also believed that it
               | would be useful to have a single label that identified
               | this approach and distinguished it from the
               | philosophically- and politically-focused label "free
               | software."_
               | 
               | From the beginning it was about promoting the model of
               | developing software in an open community. The licensing
               | is a means to that, but the motivating idea is to have
               | open-source development.
               | 
               | And Netscape's release of the source code, what lead to
               | Mozilla, was prompted by the "bazaar" ideas presented by
               | RMS.
        
               | da_chicken wrote:
               | > _In closed-source software development, the programmers
               | are often spending a lot of time dealing with and
               | creating bug reports, as well as handling feature
               | requests. This time is spent on creating and prioritizing
               | further development plans. This leads to part of the
               | development team spending a lot of time on these issues,
               | and not on the actual development._
               | 
               | So, in closed source you work on bug reports and feature
               | requests. In open source you work on development. But
               | it's the closed source people working on building a
               | cathedral.
               | 
               | I understand what they're driving at, but this is still
               | the stupidest description of the analogy that I've ever
               | seen.
        
             | uoaei wrote:
             | "Open source" means the source code is open to the public
             | for reading and copying. Licenses have complicated the
             | idealistic definition to restrict copying, but that is only
             | within the context of taking credit (ie implicit
             | relicensure). The only winning move is not to play the game
             | at all.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | It's not open source in the way anyone thinks about the term.
           | He isn't maintaining free software in the open
        
           | adiabatichottub wrote:
           | It's been a conflation issue (and major point of contention)
           | since the 90s. "Free Software" and "Open Source Software" are
           | two different things that have traditionally been used
           | together to promote the rights of the user and the
           | dissemination of knowledge in software development.
           | 
           | Edit, see:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Open_Source_Definition
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Free_Software_Definition
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | I agree but he's arguing with people who's personal
           | attachment to their OSS work goes a lot deeper than "I did a
           | few code dumps back in the day".
           | 
           | It was stupid of me to say that he does "not really do OSS"
           | because that opened the door for all kinds of definition
           | arguments. That's a super tired discussion and it wasn't
           | really my point. I can't edit anymore but I meant to say
           | something like "doesn't do OSS in the same way as a large %
           | of the OSS community".
        
         | mjr00 wrote:
         | > It's an entirely different thing; he made a thing, sold it,
         | and then when he couldn't sell more of it, gave it away.
         | 
         | You're right and it's worth pointing out that a lot of open
         | source has the opposite lifecycle: the authors make a thing,
         | aren't sure how to sell it, so they open source it and hope to
         | eventually sell something peripheral, i.e. "open core" with
         | paid plugins or enterprise support.
         | 
         | In these cases, open source isn't a gift so much as a marketing
         | strategy. So it makes sense the maintainers wouldn't see LLM
         | training on their code as a good thing; it was never a "gift",
         | it was a loss leader.
        
           | adiabatichottub wrote:
           | There's been something lost over time about the philosophy of
           | open source. It appeared at a time when it was becoming
           | apparent that computers represented a new type of technology
           | where you couldn't just "look under the hood". An independent
           | mechanic or machinist could repair a car to spec. A carpenter
           | didn't need original blueprints of the house to create an
           | addition. You could disassemble a typewriter or a sewing
           | machine and with some ordinary skill actually manage to
           | figure out how it worked. With compiled software the bar to
           | understanding by the owner or operator was raised
           | significantly. Open source was about being able to actually
           | work on the thing you owned.
           | 
           | Edit: Note that the original term was Free Software, but
           | there's a long history of politics about why the two are
           | different.
        
             | sirtaj wrote:
             | Indeed. Maybe it's just a function of passed time, but it
             | feels like people surrounded by hustlers - including
             | themselves - look at this and think "what's the hustle
             | behind this?" because they can't imagine anyone doing this
             | for any other reason. I get it, but it's quite sad.
        
               | applfanboysbgon wrote:
               | It's a function of the economy going in the shitter, with
               | food and housing prices tripling or quadrupling while
               | wages go up 5 or 10%. People want to be paid for their
               | work because they can't afford to pay rent giving gifts
               | away, and hustling is the way to survive because there
               | aren't enough jobs or even if they have a job it's not
               | enough.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | _the authors make a thing, aren 't sure how to sell it, so
           | they open source it and hope to eventually sell something
           | peripheral_
           | 
           | I know it sucks but we need to admit that this doesn't work
           | and we need to beat the hope out of people. You aren't going
           | to make money later. The very few cases where it worked were
           | flukes or fake.
        
         | bloblaw wrote:
         | This sounds to me like the "No True Scotsman" argument.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_true_Scotsman
         | 
         | I break down what you said as: "Sure, he's released code with
         | an open-source license, but that's not real open source in the
         | sense that matters."
         | 
         | I happen to disagree. OSS is OSS. AGPL is OSS. MIT is Open
         | Source. Unlicense is OSS.
        
           | daemonologist wrote:
           | The point is not that it's not "real" open source, the point
           | is that he has less interaction with the big part of the open
           | source ecosystem which is feeling the brunt of the downsides
           | of AI, namely, giant useless bug reports and PRs.
           | 
           | (I do agree that it's still OSS even if you never maintain it
           | or anything.)
        
             | bloblaw wrote:
             | That framing makes more sense to me.
             | 
             | I agree there's a difference between publishing code under
             | an OSS license and actively maintaining a project while
             | fielding the flood of low-quality AI issues and PRs.
             | Someone in the latter category is obviously closer to that
             | pain.
             | 
             | I still wouldn't go so far as to dismiss Carmack's view on
             | that basis alone, though. It just means his experience is
             | less representative of maintainers dealing with that
             | specific problem every day.
        
         | dartharva wrote:
         | What do the people who are deep into open source mean by the
         | term then, in your understanding?
        
         | stock_toaster wrote:
         | He also (presumably) doesn't have to worry as much about money
         | as many OSS folks might, so dual licensing (as a means to keep
         | working on the OSS version while also making ends meet) is
         | likely not something he would consider.
         | 
         | He also started an AI company, right?
        
           | losvedir wrote:
           | > _He also started an AI company, right?_
           | 
           | Yes, but IIRC it's different than the current "download the
           | internet" large language model approach. More like learning
           | to play video games or something.
        
         | socalgal2 wrote:
         | I have the same attitude as Carmack. I have several libraries
         | and sites I maintain as well as contributing to several popular
         | open source projects. I still have his attitude about this.
         | Both my open source and my ongoing maintenance are gifts. I'm
         | also free to stop giving when I don't feel like it.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | OSS is a big umbrella. At the end of the day, if you are not
         | hurting for money, you might be okay donating your work for AI
         | training. Meanwhile if you're working hard on projects while
         | sacrificing a lot (including money) you are very much allowed
         | to not want AI use it for training if it means financial gain
         | for a select few at the top.
         | 
         | It has the same undertones as how rich people talk about
         | philanthropy. "Look I donated a portion of my wealth that
         | barely affected my life, I must be better than all those poor
         | people who never donate to chariTy".
        
       | GeoAtreides wrote:
       | everyone with a paid house and a fat 401K is pretty chill with
       | AI, and giving gifts and being all so generous
       | 
       | meanwhile, in the trenches, rent and bills are approaching 2/3 of
       | paycheck and food the other 2/3, while at the same time the value
       | of our knowledge and experience are going down to zero (in the
       | eyes of the managerial class)
       | 
       | 'ai training magnifies the gift' ... sure thing ai training
       | magnifies a lot of things
        
       | skeledrew wrote:
       | I said it just recently[0] and I'll say it again: those who're
       | big on open source (or at least copyleft) should be jumping
       | _hard_ on the AI opportunity. The core purpose of copyleft is to
       | ensure the freedom of users to do whatever they want with the
       | covered works, chained ad infinitum. Letting AI at said works
       | (and more) now means even more freedom, as now users can
       | trivially (compared to previously) update that code to fit their
       | use case more precisely, or port it to another language, or
       | whatever.
       | 
       | I really can't see a valid reason to be against it, beyond
       | something related to profiting in some way by restricting access,
       | which - I would think - is the antithesis of
       | copyleft/permissively licensed open source.
       | 
       | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47259850
        
         | Isognoviastoma wrote:
         | Copyleft is copyright held in smart way. Nobody can take code
         | under GPL and make its _copy_ proprietary because it would be
         | violation of copyright.
         | 
         | In the other thread you argued that AI output is not
         | copyrighted.
         | 
         | Do you think I can take proprietary code and lauder through AI
         | to get a non-copyrighted copy of it, then modify to my needs?
         | How can I obtain the proprietary code legally in the first
         | place?
        
           | leni536 wrote:
           | Try it with unreal engine first.
        
       | arjie wrote:
       | Has anyone else noticed a cultural shift around monetization of
       | output? I think there wasn't as much back when I first started
       | using open-source programs, both as a user, and a small-time
       | contributor for decades now. And I've noticed this on other
       | things too. A short while ago, someone on Reddit pointed out that
       | something on Google Maps was wrong and so I went and submitted a
       | fix and told them how to and I received a barrage of comments
       | about working for free for a corporation that's making money off
       | me.
       | 
       | I think if people want a revshare on things then perhaps they
       | should release under a revshare license. Providing things under
       | open licenses and then pulling a bait-and-switch saying "oh the
       | license isn't actually that you're not supposed to be doing that"
       | doesn't sit right with me. Just be upfront and open with things.
       | 
       | The point of the Free Software licenses is that you can go profit
       | off the software, you just have certain obligations back. I think
       | those are pretty good standards. And, in fact, given the tendency
       | towards The Revshare License that everyone seems to learn
       | towards, I think that coming up with the GPL or MIT must have
       | taken some exceptional people. Good for them.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | yes, and no. there is profit and there is excessive profit. if
         | i build something to make my linux experience better and share
         | that with the world, and a few consultancies use that to make
         | the linux experience for their customers better, then that is
         | fine.
         | 
         | but if my tool becomes popular and a megacorp uses it to
         | promote their own commercial closed source features alongside
         | it, then that's excessive. that's one reason i like the AGPL,
         | it reduced that. but in my opinion the ideal license is one
         | that limits the freedom to smaller companies. maybe less than
         | 100 or 500 employees, or less than some reasonable amount of
         | revenue. (10 million per year? is that to high or to low?)
         | 
         | and even for those above, i don't want revshare, just pay me
         | something adequate.
        
           | dartharva wrote:
           | Who is stopping you from licensing your code that way then?
        
             | crote wrote:
             | It's not open source, because the definition of open source
             | doesn't allow you to place _any_ restrictions on who can
             | use it or for what purpose. It 's why licenses like "Don't
             | use it for evil" or "Everyone except Anish Kapoor" aren't
             | acceptable for a lot of Linux distros.
             | 
             | In practice your best bet is probably a license where
             | everyone can use it, but which is _incredibly_ hostile to
             | use in a for-profit environment. Think AGPL, where you risk
             | being forced to open source your entire unique-selling-
             | point proprietary software stack.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | some people are working on that, among others there is
             | bruce perens: https://web.archive.org/web/20251206160538/ht
             | tps://perens.co... (sadly his site seems broken, the static
             | files still work however:
             | https://perens.com/static/DEVELOPMENT_LICENSE.txt )
             | 
             | FUTO is also exploring this space: https://sourcefirst.com/
        
         | adiabatichottub wrote:
         | I think we've all been burned by 20+ years of exploitation in
         | the guise of "free product." Google more or less spearheaded
         | that movement. I agree we should all be community-minded and
         | have nice things, but when you look at how the rewards (social
         | and monetary) are shared it's overwhelmingly disproportionate.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | Yeah, I think the paradigm has shifted. There's a perception
         | that, while these companies have always profited off of our
         | inputs, that we both benefitted. We contributed to a public
         | good, they provided the platform, and profited off that
         | platform.
         | 
         | Now it feels like the public good is being diminished
         | (enshittification) as they keep turning the "profit" knob,
         | trying to squeeze more and more marginal dollars from the good.
         | 
         | The system still requires the same inputs from us, but gives
         | less back.
        
           | hn_acc1 wrote:
           | Yes, this 100x.
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | Because the ratio of developers who do it for money to
         | developers who do it for love of developing has dramatically
         | increased, as computer science became a subject people studied
         | for economic reasons, not just for fun.
        
         | jltsiren wrote:
         | MIT and BSD licenses are kind of obvious. They are academic
         | licenses, named after universities.
         | 
         | The idea is that you have people paid to create something of
         | potential value, but the value of the outputs has only a
         | limited and indirect impact on their compensation. If someone
         | finds the outputs valuable, they should mention it in public,
         | to let the creators use it to demonstrate the value of their
         | work to funders and other interested parties.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > A short while ago, someone on Reddit pointed out that
         | something on Google Maps was wrong and so I went and submitted
         | a fix and told them how to and I received a barrage of comments
         | about working for free for a corporation that's making money
         | off me.
         | 
         | Did you respond by asking them how Reddit makes money?
         | 
         | The anti-corporate mentality isn't new, but it does surface in
         | different ways and communities over time. The Reddit hivemind
         | leans very anti-corporate, albeit with a huge blind spot for
         | corporations they actually like (Reddit itself, their chosen
         | phone brand, the corporations that produce the shows they
         | watch).
         | 
         | The Reddit style rebellion is largely symbolic, with a lot of
         | shaming and snark, but it usually stops when it would require
         | people to alter their own behavior. That's why you got dog-
         | piled for doing something productive on a site where user-
         | generated content is the money maker.
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | Hell, reddit hates on reddit all the time. Spez in particular
           | is hated across the board.
           | 
           | Agree that they largely don't change behavior. Although I
           | will say, I've not logged into my account since the API
           | shenanigans and don't regularly visit the site anymore. I'm
           | mostly just on here and fark.
        
           | arjie wrote:
           | Haha, that's funny. I didn't think of it at the time and I
           | was more surprised than anything.
           | 
           | By the way, I have had your comments highlighted for a while
           | now and I've never regretted it. Good stuff.
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | ... There's a highlighting feature?
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | It has always been like that, except we used to call it demos,
         | sharewhare, beerware, postware,...
         | 
         | The free beer movement came out of UNIX culture, probably
         | influenced by how originally AT&T wasn't able to profit from
         | it.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | > I received a barrage of comments about working for free for a
         | corporation that's making money off me
         | 
         | The problem is that the big tech companies aren't holding up
         | their end of the traditional social contract.
         | 
         | I like to think of the wider open source community as one giant
         | group project. Everyone contributes what they can, and in turn
         | they can benefit from the work everyone else has done. The work
         | you do goes towards making the world a better place. I have
         | absolutely zero problem filing pull requests for bugs I
         | encounter or submitting issues on OpenStreetMap, because I know
         | that in return I get the Linux DE and reliable maps in _other_
         | towns. If you want to make it political, it 's a "from each
         | according to their means, to each according to their needs".
         | 
         | The big tech companies operate completely differently. They see
         | open source contributors primarily as a resource to exploit.
         | Submit a single fix on Google Maps? You'll get zero credit,
         | they'll never stop bothering you with popups about "making
         | improvements", design their map around what is most profitable
         | to show, and they will of course log your location history and
         | sell it to the highest bidder. And they are getting _filthy_
         | rich off of it as well.
         | 
         | I couldn't care less about getting monetary compensation for
         | some odd work I do in my spare time, but there's no way in hell
         | I'm going to do free labor for some millionaire who's going to
         | reward me by spitting in my face.
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
           | The amount of value Google Maps has given me is far beyond
           | what I'd be willing to pay in actual dollars.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > The problem is that the big tech companies aren't holding
           | up their end of the traditional social contract.
           | 
           | This analogy feels too strained.
           | 
           | Google gives away Maps, Gmail, and other products for free. A
           | little UI widget inviting users to submit fixes is hardly an
           | onerous demand.
           | 
           | > and they will of course log your location history and sell
           | it to the highest bidder.
           | 
           | Google does not do this, no matter how many times this myth
           | gets repeated online.
           | 
           | I think a lot of people in the Reddit and Reddit-adjacent
           | world _believe_ this is true because it gets repeated so
           | much, but it 's not true.
           | 
           | Ironically, Reddit makes money by packaging up user's content
           | and selling it to 3rd parties.
        
         | acuozzo wrote:
         | > Has anyone else noticed a cultural shift around monetization
         | of output?
         | 
         | I think it's simply due to the economy being in the shitter for
         | the non-"Capital Ownership Class".
         | 
         | 1977-2007 was generally a good time in the US if you survived
         | by trading your time/knowledge/expertise for a wage as most
         | people do. This is also the time in which F/OSS came into
         | existence.
         | 
         | If you had a decent job during that time, then the future
         | looked bright and you didn't think twice about giving some of
         | your leisure time away for free.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > 1977-2007 was generally a good time in the US if you
           | survived by trading your time/knowledge/expertise for a wage
           | as most people do. This is also the time in which F/OSS came
           | into existence.
           | 
           | FOSS came into existence during this time because computers
           | and the internet became available, not because it was a
           | specific economic situation.
           | 
           | > If you had a decent job during that time, then the future
           | looked bright and you didn't think twice about giving some of
           | your leisure time away for free.
           | 
           | This seems like rewriting history. Tech salaries today are
           | _higher_ than they were back then. There was even a whole
           | lawsuit against companies caught suppressing wages during
           | that time. Tech compensation went up significantly after the
           | period you cited.
        
         | rurp wrote:
         | I've never publicly scolded someone for doing free work for
         | tech monopolies but I do understand the impulse. The problem is
         | that it's a completely one-sided relationship, and there are
         | perfectly legitimate concerns about how the biggest tech
         | companies are using their wealth and power. At this point I
         | doubt much of anyone would expect a large tech company to go
         | out of its way to lose money in order to support human
         | communities. They take what they can, and ruthlessly kill
         | products and services the minute they think it helps their
         | bottom line.
         | 
         | Google and others don't need to rely on free volunteers, but
         | it's certainly more profitable for them. Does Google making an
         | extra $10B/year make the world a better place? Maybe, I don't
         | know, but it's not crazy to think the answer is no.
        
           | socalgal2 wrote:
           | It not a completely one sided relationship. I'm using google
           | maps for free!!! That's HUGE benefit to me. That google makes
           | money from it is irrelevant to me. They're paying me by
           | providing a free service that I get tons of usage out all the
           | time.
        
         | NuclearPM wrote:
         | The MIT license didn't require a lot of thought.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | > someone on Reddit pointed out that something on Google Maps
         | was wrong and so I went and submitted a fix and told them how
         | to and I received a barrage of comments about working for free
         | for a corporation that's making money off me
         | 
         | This tells you about Reddit's demographic and nothing else.
         | 
         | Remember Reddit has a dedicated sub for antiwork. It used to
         | have a sub for shoplifting (I'm not kidding.)
        
       | karteum wrote:
       | IMO code generated by AI (which was trained on a lot of copyleft
       | codebases) ought to be systematically on an open-source copyleft
       | license.
        
       | nonethewiser wrote:
       | Im convinced a lot of open source proponents dont really like
       | open source based on all the complaints about how the software is
       | used.
        
       | leni536 wrote:
       | Prople choosing MIT-0, BSD0 or some equivalently permissive
       | licence do gift their code to the world without expecting
       | anything in return.
       | 
       | Other FOSS developers, not so much. They are the ones who are
       | exploited.
        
       | galaxyLogic wrote:
       | I think when people give gifts they do expect something in
       | return, at least the acknowledgment that it was THEY who gave the
       | gift. More fame to them. What I don't like is if they start
       | pointing out how people who don't follow their example are evil.
       | The key word I've come to think in terms of is "self-serving".
        
       | agentultra wrote:
       | All due respect to Carmack but I think his take is probably
       | influenced by his investment in his own AI company. There doesn't
       | seem to be many on this space who have any ethical or moral
       | problems with profiting from the work of others and not
       | contributing anything back to the commons. If we all intended our
       | work in OSS the way he did maybe we'd all see it his way too.
       | 
       | Copy left licenses are generally intended, afaict, to protect the
       | commons and ensure people have access to the source. AI systems
       | seem to hide that. And they contribute nothing back.
       | 
       | Maybe they need updating, IANAL. But I'd be hesitant to believe
       | that everyone should be as excited as Carmack is.
        
         | throwerofways67 wrote:
         | Carmacks ai company explicitly does not work on LLMs though
        
       | rurp wrote:
       | Many people who provided quality technical content on blogs,
       | Stack Overflow, and other forums thought they were providing a
       | public good and helping to create a lasting culture and
       | community. Turns out they were making fuel pellets to power money
       | machines for the richest tech oligarchs in the world.
       | 
       | Most of these communities are being destroyed before our eyes by
       | AI. Anyone in the industry who pretends this isn't happening, or
       | seems confused about why some people are upset about this, is
       | being highly disingenuous.
        
       | teladnb wrote:
       | He threw Quake 3 over the wall after having made tons of money
       | off it. He is now invested in AI and should just shut up.
       | 
       | "AI training on the code magnifies the value of the gift. I am
       | enthusiastic about it!"
       | 
       | Si tacuisses ...
        
       | jjj123 wrote:
       | "My million+ open source LOC were always intended as a gift to
       | the world"
       | 
       | That's great for John, but not everyone's open source projects
       | are meant as a gift to the world for anyone and everyone to use.
       | That he cannot understand that others think differently than him
       | is disappointing.
        
         | ohrus wrote:
         | Even if not an explicit gift, isn't all OSS implicitly a gift?
         | I'm having trouble understanding the practical difference.
        
         | mpyne wrote:
         | > but not everyone's open source projects are meant as a gift
         | to the world for anyone and everyone to use
         | 
         | How is that open source then? There's a reason they added the
         | "no discrimination against persons or groups" and "no
         | discrimination against fields of endeavor" clauses when OSI
         | came up with the open source definition in the 90s.
         | https://opensource.org/osd
         | 
         | "Anyone and everyone" was always part of the gig if you wanted
         | to release something as actual open source.
         | 
         | If you wanted to wrote proprietary source-available software
         | you always had that choice. Likewise with Free Software's
         | copyleft.
        
       | nickjj wrote:
       | I really admire Carmack and followed everything id software since
       | the beginning.
       | 
       | They really did put a lot of things out in the open back then but
       | I don't think that can be compared to current day.
       | 
       | Doom and Quake 1 / 2 / 3 were both on the cusp of what computing
       | can do (a new gaming experience) while also being wildly fun. Low
       | competition, unique games and no AI is a MUCH different world
       | than today where there's high competition, not so unique games
       | and AI digesting everything you put out to the world only to be
       | sold to someone else to be your competitor.
       | 
       | I'm not convinced what worked for id back then would work today.
       | I'm convinced they would figure out what would work today but I'm
       | almost certain it would be different.
       | 
       | I've seen nothing but personal negative outcomes from AI over the
       | last few years. I had a whole business selling tech courses for
       | 10 years that has evaporated into nothing. I open source
       | everything I do since day 1, thousands of stars on some projects,
       | people writing in saying nice things but I never made millions,
       | not even close. Selling courses helped me keep the lights on but
       | that has gone away.
       | 
       | It's easy to say open source contributions are a gift and deep
       | down I do believe that, but when you don't have infinite money
       | like Carmack and DHH the whole "middle class" of open source
       | contributors have gotten their life flipped upside down from AI.
       | We're being forced out of doing this because it's hard to spend a
       | material amount of time on this sort of thing when you need
       | income at the same time to survive in this world.
        
       | eqvinox wrote:
       | I mean, yeah, sure, I can see that for open source.
       | 
       | And GPL'd code is not open source, it's free software. The
       | license implies the code cannot find its way into non-GPL
       | codebases, and you can't profit*1 from the code. (But you can
       | profit from services on top, e.g. support services, or paid
       | feature development.)
       | 
       | Now the question is, is that intersection set all GPL developers?
       | 
       | *1 note profit would imply distribution
        
       | torginus wrote:
       | I have a secret fear about AI - that at one point when AI models
       | get good enough, AI companies will no longer give you the source
       | these tools generate - you'll get the artifacts (perhaps hosted
       | on a subscription website), but you won't get the code.
       | 
       | Tools like CC already push a workflow where you're separated from
       | the code and treat the model as a 'wishing well'. I think the
       | fact that we get the source is just adminssion that these models
       | are not good enough to really take our jobs (yet).
       | 
       | I wonder how much a gift AI companies think their models (and
       | even outputs of their models) are, considering their weights are
       | proprietary and their training methods even moreso.
        
       | themafia wrote:
       | > and the GPL would prevent outright exploitation by our
       | competitors
       | 
       | It sounds like he understands the problem perfectly. Is he not
       | capable of thinking through how a non-millionaire would think
       | about this? Sheesh.
        
       | bronlund wrote:
       | All in all, I think copyright and patents should be abolished.
       | They're just holding back the world for the sake of greed. There
       | has to be another way.
        
       | joecool1029 wrote:
       | The foundation to which all of these licenses are tied to will
       | likely be dissolved. Words/code had value in the old system. But
       | now it's cheap to generate, way cheaper than hiring legions of
       | writers/developers to write it. When it was a valuable asset
       | lobbyists spent to protect it under law. I want you to think as
       | you read this comment, do you think Disney would rather pay
       | unionized workers or abolish copyright law and use other
       | (trademark) mechanisms to protect their IP? A decade or so ago,
       | this kind of thought would be crazy but things have changed.
       | 
       | So we have this foundation, this anchor which is copyright law
       | that gives us any power to have a say about whether code should
       | be accessible. Without that, the licenses are empty words, no
       | weight. No remedy. My concern is less that opensource code gets
       | used by commercial interests; I would rather they use libraries
       | that are maintained especially in contexts of security... my
       | concern is that we move toward only having devices we can keep as
       | long as the company supports them and/or is solvent. If we lose
       | the foundation that everything was built on (copyright law), it
       | becomes impossible to audit or support things on our own.
       | Everything is a rental/subscription.
       | 
       | I don't often just come out and make predictions, this is one I
       | think we're moving toward though as the sea becomes more muddied
       | by regurgitated works. The major AI companies are unabashedly
       | pirating works, there are powerful rights-holders that could be
       | sending armies of lawyers after them, like the big publishing
       | houses... but is it happening? Or are they sitting back and
       | letting the tech companies do R&D for what will be their new
       | business models moving forward.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | John Carmack and all 10x programmers are going to benefit a lot
       | from the advancement of AI, while we the ordinary programmers are
       | going to suffer in the mid-long term. I mean he is one of the
       | guys I look up to, but I don't want to lose my job.
       | 
       | Regarding OSS, I'll say what I already said a few days ago: OSS
       | people should take care of their financials first, and then do
       | OSS without anxiety. Also, if you do OSS, expect it to be abused
       | in any imaginable and unimaginable way. The "license" is a joke
       | when enough dollars are involved. If you hate that, don't do OSS.
       | No one forces you to do it. I appreciate what you did, but please
       | take care of yourselves first.
       | 
       | Actually, now that I thought about it, every successful OSS
       | people that I look up to took care of their financials first.
       | Many of them also did it in Carmack's way -- get a cool project,
       | release it, don't linger, go to the next one while others improve
       | it. Maybe you should do it, too.
        
       | AstroBen wrote:
       | If people who open sourced their code were told: "just know that
       | by making this public, in 5 years from now tech companies are
       | going to use it to threaten your livelihood and take away the
       | things you enjoy most about programming. It doesn't matter what
       | license you put on it - they'll still use it."
       | 
       | How many would still do it?
       | 
       | Feels like a bit of a bait and switch.
       | 
       | Of course this doesnt apply to those most excited about the tech.
       | Weird coincidence.
        
       | maxothex wrote:
       | The open source vs closed AI debate often misses what
       | practitioners actually care about: can I use it, can I inspect it
       | when things go wrong, and can I run it on my own infrastructure
       | if I need to.
       | 
       | People who call themselves anti-AI activists are largely reacting
       | to the opacity of large models and legitimate concerns about
       | concentration of power. That is a reasonable thing to worry
       | about. The answer to that is not to stop building AI. It is to
       | build it more openly.
       | 
       | Carmack has been consistent on this. He builds things. He wants
       | the tools to be available. Hard to argue with that position from
       | a craft perspective.
        
       | CrzyLngPwd wrote:
       | Millionaire tells millionaire wannabes what to do and not to do.
        
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