[HN Gopher] Source code of Swedish e-government services has bee...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Source code of Swedish e-government services has been leaked
        
       Author : tavro
       Score  : 187 points
       Date   : 2026-03-13 09:45 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (darkwebinformer.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (darkwebinformer.com)
        
       | robertlagrant wrote:
       | The source code is the least of it! From the article:
       | 
       | > citizen PII databases and electronic signing documents were
       | also collected but are being sold separately
        
         | simonklitj wrote:
         | Man, you've got to be a real low-life to sell all of that.
        
           | blell wrote:
           | You've got to be a real low-life to collect all of that and
           | put it in a database that is not air-gapped.
        
             | xorcist wrote:
             | It's something akin to a service provider in SAML parlance,
             | if we are to believe reporting. How can it be air-gapped?
             | 
             | And if we are to believe the hacked company, it is a
             | development environment with test data in it. That remains
             | to be seen, but is a risky thing to lie about. If there is
             | production data in the leak, we will surely know about it.
        
               | UltraSane wrote:
               | At the high end you can use data diodes to isolate
               | critical data.
        
             | lukan wrote:
             | If you need the data, you cannot have it air gapped. And if
             | it is air gapped, it is still easy to make misstakes.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | > it is still easy to make misstakes.
               | 
               | That's not an excuse though, any system handling data
               | like that should be continuously reviewed and pentested
               | by professionals. Hopefully they can show that this has
               | been done otherwise it's just negligence.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | It was mainly an explanation, that "airgapping" does not
               | magically provides better security, or is required (or
               | possible) to use at all here.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | And it's pretty clear to me that they were criticizing
               | storage of sensitive data in a database that isn't
               | properly secured and they simply misused the term
               | "airgapped". The database in question was easily
               | accessible from poorly maintained development
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | > Please respond to the strongest plausible
               | interpretation of what someone says, not a weaker one
               | that's easier to criticize
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | Imagine if the bank took such a cavalier attitude with
               | the contents of my account.
        
               | jjgreen wrote:
               | "misstakes", love it, almost peotic
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | The point of a system like this is specifically that it's
             | accessible and not air gapped.
             | 
             | Being able to validate that a citizen is a citizen and
             | their ID is valid inherently requires the system be
             | accessible
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | If you can't implement it securely then perhaps such an
               | undertaking wasn't a good idea? In the vast majority of
               | cases I don't see why PII ever needs to be available over
               | the network for remote queries. For the purpose of
               | verification isn't it sufficient to verify hashes or
               | better yet to attest via smartcard?
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | You _can_ , they _didn 't_; big difference.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | By "can't" I mean "not capable" or "not going to in
               | practice".
        
         | AdamN wrote:
         | Yeah the source code isn't really such a big deal aside from
         | helping to find vulnerabilities. The PII is a real disgrace.
        
           | embedding-shape wrote:
           | Seeming by other sources, it wasn't really information
           | considered PII in Sweden (but would in other places), I'm not
           | sure this is as a big deal as people try to make it out to
           | be.
        
         | worldsayshi wrote:
         | I wonder if the focus on source code makes Swedish news slower
         | to jump on this. I haven't seen it in domestic news yet.
         | (Haven't looked too wide though)
        
           | ACS_Solver wrote:
           | I saw it on SVT a few hours ago. DN and Expressen have also
           | reported. The details about what exactly it is that got
           | leaked are unclear (some report it's basically the code and
           | certs responsible for BankID SSO) but this is certainly being
           | reported domestically.
        
             | worldsayshi wrote:
             | In Aftonbladet comments from CGI they seem to think that no
             | production related data has been leaked:
             | 
             | https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/ArvG0E/cgi-sverige-
             | uppg...
        
               | yaris wrote:
               | As if it ever happened that a breached company admitted
               | immediately that they've just been fucked.
        
               | zyberzero wrote:
               | But a copy of production data in the test environment
               | isn't production data... It's test data! :)
        
             | einr wrote:
             | _some report it 's basically the code and certs responsible
             | for BankID SSO_
             | 
             | No. CGI has nothing to do with BankID.
             | 
             | IMO the most credible reports suggest that the source code
             | and data involved are related to these four services:
             | 
             | https://www.cgi.com/se/sv/business-process-
             | services/e-tjanst... "Mina engagemang offers a user-
             | friendly and flexible solution that allows your customers
             | to manage their cases directly through a personal portal.
             | Here, users can view, track, and interact with their
             | ongoing cases, which enhances both transparency and
             | efficiency in the communication process." -- some kind of
             | ticket/case management system for gov't agencies
             | 
             | https://www.cgi.com/se/sv/business-process-
             | services/elektron... "With our secure end-to-end e-ID and
             | eSign services, we can help you streamline document and
             | contract management, gain access to all desired e-ID
             | issuers, and improve cost efficiency." -- this sounds like
             | a bad thing to compromise, but is to the best of my
             | understanding a system for digital signatures on documents,
             | and has no relation to BankID
             | 
             | https://www.cgi.com/se/sv/business-process-
             | services/e-tjanst... "Gain better control over your
             | organization's representatives with our easy-to-use
             | representative registry. By automating the identification
             | and verification of representatives, you'll gain a clear
             | overview and enhance the security of your processes." --
             | sounds like some bullshit CRUD app for managing who can
             | "represent" a gov't agency
             | 
             | https://www.cgi.com/se/sv/business-process-
             | services/e-tjanst... "SHS is Sweden's common standard for
             | information exchange, enabling secure and efficient
             | communication between government agencies, businesses, and
             | organizations." -- this might be bad if real data was
             | leaked
             | 
             | These are _services used by various Swedish government
             | agencies_ and it 's pretty bad to have even a test instance
             | of them hacked, but let's calm down. The entire Swedish
             | state has not been compromised here.
        
               | jonashus wrote:
               | > CGI has nothing to do with BankID
               | 
               | That's incorrect. Skatteverket used CGI for BankID-login,
               | I don't know if they still do. I have personal experience
               | working on a BankID-login using CGI for another company
               | and it is still active.
               | 
               | Edit: I just confirmed Skatteverket still uses CGI for
               | BankID-auth. "funktionstjanster" is CGI.
        
               | einr wrote:
               | OK, let me rephrase that: CGI, while they may "have
               | something to do" with BankID in the sense that they have
               | developed systems that integrate with it, does not itself
               | develop BankID and does not hold any private keys for
               | BankID.
        
         | jetsetman192 wrote:
         | Encryption keys are mentioned as well.
        
         | ptx wrote:
         | What does "electronic signing documents" mean? Keys used for
         | signing? Or merely some documents that were signed with
         | electronic signing?
        
           | nunobrito wrote:
           | If that is case, then it would have been wrong from the
           | beginning for any government to keep hold of the private keys
           | for the signature on my citizen card.
           | 
           | Because in that case they can sign documents on my behalf
           | without my permission. In a court case, it would be near
           | impossible for me to prove that the government gave my
           | private key to someone else and that it wasn't me signing an
           | incriminating document.
        
             | ptx wrote:
             | I apparently didn't phrase that very well. If what is the
             | case? I was trying to ask which case was the case, not
             | trying to claim that something specific was the case.
             | 
             | I'm familiar with electronic signatures, and I know what
             | documents are, but I have never heard the phrase
             | "electronic signing documents" and don't know what that is
             | supposed to mean. What kind of documents? Documents _about_
             | signing, documents that _were signed_ , documents in the
             | sense that files containing keys could be considered
             | documents, or what?
        
               | nunobrito wrote:
               | In Portugal we were early adopters for digital signatures
               | on citizen cards.
               | 
               | You use the card reader, insert your gov-issued
               | identification and can sign PDF papers which have legal
               | validity since the private key from the citizen card was
               | used.
               | 
               | Now imagine someone signing random legal documents with
               | your ID for things like debts, opening companies or
               | subscritions to whatever.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | Signed documents can be as simple as an ID of the
               | transaction, a statement in text, PII data that identify
               | what you sign, or a store of larger PDF files for
               | download and verification. We do not know. I base this on
               | how signing works technically in Sweden.
               | 
               | CGI is not the only supplier of these services.
        
             | whizzter wrote:
             | We might've lucked out here, there is some signature data
             | on ID cards today and official _plans_ to make a government
             | backed signing service, but practically _nobody_ uses them
             | in practice to just revoking all those keys will be a minor
             | issue.
             | 
             | Currently most Swede's use a private bank consortisum
             | controlled ID solution for most logins and signatures.
        
           | einr wrote:
           | To the best of my understanding it means that a system made
           | by CGI for digital signing of documents (as in: you get
           | something like a PDF from a government agency and need to
           | digitally sign it and send it back) has had its source code
           | and/or some data belonging to it leaked.
           | 
           | Skatteverket, the Swedish tax authority, has been quoted in
           | media as confirming that they use CGI's system for digital
           | document signing but that none of their data nor that of any
           | citizens has been leaked.
           | 
           | https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/uppgift-statlig-it-
           | inform...
           | 
           | "One of the government agencies that uses CGI's services is
           | the Swedish Tax Agency, which was notified of the incident by
           | the company. However, according to the Swedish Tax Agency,
           | its users have nothing to worry about.
           | 
           | "Neither our data nor our users' data has been leaked. It is
           | a service we use for e-signatures that has been affected, but
           | there is no data from us or our users there," says Peder
           | Sjolander, IT Director at the Swedish Tax Agency."
        
             | ptx wrote:
             | So if no data was leaked from the tax agency or from the
             | users, then the leaked "digital signing documents" must
             | have belonged to the only remaining party, which is CGI, so
             | perhaps they were just some marketing documents about the
             | benefits of their digital signing service?
        
               | einr wrote:
               | The original phrasing from the attacker, from the website
               | that put the data up for download/sale, was "documents
               | (for electronic signing)" which implies that they're
               | documents that would be signed in said system. I would
               | take all of this with a large helping of salt though. CGI
               | claims it's not real production data anyway; maybe it is
               | and maybe it's not.
               | 
               | The best case scenario is in line with what CGI claims:
               | these are lorem ipsum fake docs from an old git repo for
               | a test instance of the system.
        
       | teroshan wrote:
       | Does anyone know if there is the source code for the Swedish
       | Armed Forces - Team Test [1] in the leak? It was a really fun
       | collaborative flash-style game that got popular in my circle of
       | friends for some reason back then.
       | 
       | [1] https://flashism.wordpress.com/2010/03/09/swedish-armed-
       | forc...
        
       | steve1977 wrote:
       | Is this the open source stuff everyone is talking about?
        
       | rebolek wrote:
       | Maybe they should go open source from the start, then there's
       | nothing to leak.
       | 
       | P.S.: And strangers will sometimes help you find vulnerabilities
       | (and sometimes be very obnoxious but that's not open source's
       | fault).
        
         | ZaoLahma wrote:
         | Yeah. In these cases it's not like anyone is going to spin up
         | their own instance and start competing with you.
         | 
         | Government / handles society-critical things code should really
         | be public unless there are _really_ good reasons for it not to
         | be, where those reasons are never "we're just not very good at
         | what we're doing and we don't want anyone to find out".
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | When I worked for the government in Norway, it slowly changed
         | to all code being developed in the open. 3k repos here now:
         | https://github.com/orgs/navikt/repositories
         | 
         | When I started it was a big security theater. Had to develop on
         | thin clients with no external internet access, for instance.
         | Then they got some great people in charge that modernized
         | everything.
         | 
         | Only drawback is when you quit, you have to make sure to
         | unsubscribe from everything, hehe. When quitting a private
         | company I was just removed from the github org. Here I was as
         | well, but I was still subscribed to lots of repos, issues,
         | PRs,heh.
        
           | jmusall wrote:
           | Very cool! Do they accept external contributions, e.g. from
           | Norwegian citizens? Also, was there any thought given to
           | "digital souvereignty" (wondering because the repos are
           | hosted on a US service)?
           | 
           | I'm also surprised that you were able to (or expected to?)
           | use your private GitHub account for your work.
        
             | matsemann wrote:
             | Not sure how it is now, but when I worked there ~8 years
             | ago we weren't really equipped to accept contributions.
             | Both from a licensing perspective (CLA), but also that we
             | had our own timelines, projects and prioritizations in the
             | team. So most applications were open source more in the
             | sense of source available. Some utils (like generators for
             | Norwegian mock data, or libraries handling Norwegian
             | addresses or whatever) that were actively used by other
             | companies could get some proper contributions once in a
             | while, though.
        
       | Lionga wrote:
       | How much GDPR fine will they pay? Oh wait it's gov so nothing /
       | does no matter even if.
       | 
       | Who will take responsibility and get fired and lose all pension
       | etc.? Oh wait no one.
       | 
       | Well the citizens need to suck it up.
        
         | Habgdnv wrote:
         | Few years ago a huge NRA database was left public with
         | admin/1234 or similar by the Bulgarian NRA. They government
         | fined itself some non-trivial amount, then in the
         | source/destination IBAN they put the same value and paid the
         | fine. They managed to find someone to blame and it was not the
         | person who left the database but the person who found it. Turns
         | out that if you leave the PII of a whole country open to the
         | public it is not your fault and you get to keep your cozy job.
         | It is already unlawful to access that, so if someone access it
         | - it is his fault - he broke the law.
         | 
         | Edit, i checked the facts: The Bulgarian government said that
         | the it should pay too much to itself, and appealed the fine for
         | few years until it somehow expired. And the guy (20 year at
         | that time) they accused was later acquitted after they tried to
         | ruin his life.
        
         | the_other wrote:
         | As the attack actor now has the data, they're liable for
         | ongoing GDPR failures, on top of the theft. Then anyone they
         | sell the data to becomes liable (on top of handling stolen
         | goods). Could be a money-earner for the EU if they pursue it
         | properly.
        
       | noosphr wrote:
       | I like paper documents for this very reason.
       | 
       | It's very hard to steal everyone's documents when they weight
       | about the same as a train.
        
         | latexr wrote:
         | But it's also very easy to lose all of them in a fire or flood.
         | Different tradeoffs.
        
           | HelloUsername wrote:
           | > it's easy to lose all of them in a fire or flood
           | 
           | Wouldn't a fire or flood affect everything? Both data stored
           | on paper and hard disks?
        
             | jagged-chisel wrote:
             | The good news is you can keep offline, offsite digital
             | copies, which is much more convenient than offsite paper
             | copies.
        
             | Gabrys1 wrote:
             | I think what the comment meant was that it's harder for an
             | individual to lose their paper documents compared to losing
             | the electronic ones. It just shifts who's responsible for
             | keeping them safe
        
           | bell-cot wrote:
           | Problems with well-known solutions 100 years ago:
           | 
           | "Fireproof file rooms and cabinets in the 1920s were crucial
           | for protecting business and government records during the
           | rapid expansion of the industrial era. The era saw a massive
           | shift from flammable wooden office furniture to robust,
           | steel-based storage designed to resist both fire and water
           | damage."
           | 
           | That's a Google AI summary - but I've been in a fair number
           | of buildings with such rooms. Thick concrete walls, heavy
           | steel fire doors, no other openings, _nothing_ but steel file
           | cabinets in  'em, sealed electric light fixtures that look
           | like they belong in a powder magazine (where one spark could
           | kill everyone) - it's really simple tech.
           | 
           | And "high ground" was a reliable flood protection tech
           | several centuries before that.
        
             | latexr wrote:
             | Then add "earthquake" to the list, or "domestic terrorists
             | or foreign country bombing the building". Steelman the
             | argument. The point isn't "just fire and water
             | specifically", we're not playing Pokemon.
             | 
             | We have several historic examples of records being lost in
             | disasters, and way more recent than 100 years ago.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Personnel_Records_Ce
             | n...
             | 
             | It makes no difference that we could've prevented that with
             | better building construction. We didn't, and hindsight does
             | not bring the records back. We should plan for the world we
             | want but cannot ignore the world we have.
             | 
             | I'm not defending digital as always better or criticising
             | physical. Like I said, _different tradeoffs_ , meaning
             | there are advantages and disadvantages to both, there's no
             | solution which is better in all situations.
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | I stuck to the threats you mentioned. Paper in a file
               | room is more slightly more quake-resistant and bomb-
               | resistant than digital. But slower to move to safety if
               | the threat is large volcanic eruptions.
               | 
               | I am not saying that paper is magically perfect. Nor
               | better in every situation. I am saying that paper is far
               | easier (than digital) to do well _for use cases like a
               | national records collection_.  "Correctly" may include
               | off-site backups - whether or not your threat model
               | includes massive earthquakes, volcanoes, bombs, special
               | forces, EMP weapons, biological agents, civil war,
               | radioactive fallout, or enemy occupation. Or "Management
               | wouldn't pay for a done-right facility".
               | 
               | As I noted in another comment, the largest downside to
               | paper ( _within_ such use cases), is that it is far more
               | difficult to get political support for old-fashioned
               | stuff that just works, compared to anything that can be
               | sold as cool /new/high-tech. Especially when the
               | taxpayer-funded revenue streams from
               | selling/installing/supporting the tech create incentives
               | clearly contrary to the taxpaper's long-term interests.
        
           | noosphr wrote:
           | This is a feature not a bug.
        
             | latexr wrote:
             | That depends entirely on what the records hold and who is
             | interpreting the event.
        
               | noosphr wrote:
               | Yes, who could ever care about German birth records from
               | the 1700s in 1933?
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | No politician ever got elected by supporting simple, old-
         | fashioned stuff that just worked.
        
       | JensRantil wrote:
       | I am a Swedish citizen. Lived here for almost 40 years. It is a
       | bit unclear to be what the "the Swedish e-government platform"
       | is. Would have been great if they at least could have published
       | which domain name the service has.
        
         | yaris wrote:
         | I would guess that skatteverket.se, polisen.se, kronofogden.se
         | are among those affected by the leak.
        
           | brabel wrote:
           | Some other comments mention BankID private keys . That would
           | be the biggest disaster as that's what everyone uses to
           | identify themselves "securely" on all government services.
        
             | mrkickling wrote:
             | The private keys in BankID are stored in users phones, not
             | centrally.
        
               | fmbb wrote:
               | Well doesn't Relying Parties using the BankID API for
               | signatures and authentication have private keys to start
               | the flows for users scanning QR codes etc?
               | 
               | Could you, having the right private keys, impersonate
               | some company soliciting a BankID signature?
               | 
               | I'm not sure what you can do with that though. You cannot
               | steal some other ongoing signature I guess.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | You can start a signing process saying you are who ever
               | owned that certificate. E.g. if you call someone. You can
               | not use those signatures to gain access, and it is rather
               | in phishing.
        
           | einr wrote:
           | That's an interesting _guess_ that I assume is based on
           | absolutely nothing?
        
             | yaris wrote:
             | Yes, nothing and the facts that these are government
             | services, they use BankID and they updated their websites
             | with "maintenance work" announcements for tomorrow,
             | Saturday. For kronofogden.se there was no maintenance
             | planned just half an hour ago. Knowing swedish tendency to
             | plan things months ahead I would _guess_ that this
             | maintenance work has been rushed due to some circumstances.
        
               | einr wrote:
               | It's quite possible that the maintenance is related, but
               | I can nearly 100% assure you this has absolutely nothing
               | to do with BankID. I don't know who suggested that but
               | they are either poorly informed or actively trying to sow
               | FUD.
        
         | reliablereason wrote:
         | Nothing in particular, based on my understanding CGI a Swedish
         | IT consultant company was hacked, they have contracts for and
         | are the maintainers and developers of a bunch of various
         | government departments IT services.
        
         | einr wrote:
         | It's not going to be a specific service or agency with a domain
         | name, it's going to be services that are either internal and
         | used by employees only, or that are integrated into other
         | systems that you may be interacting with without knowing it.
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | There is no such thing according to Peder Sjolander, IT
         | Director at the Swedish Tax Agency:
         | 
         | https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/uppgift-statlig-it-inform...
         | 
         |  _- Neither our data nor our users ' data has been leaked. It
         | is a service we use for e-signatures that has been affected,
         | but there is no data from us or our users there, says_
         | 
         |  _The information that source code was leaked from a joint
         | government e-platform is not true, according to Peder
         | Sjolander._
         | 
         |  _- There is no such platform. I think the perpetrators in this
         | want people to feel insecure. We feel confident that our data
         | is safe and we have the situation under control before the tax
         | return period opens next week._
        
       | corroclaro wrote:
       | This keeps happening in Europe with these mega-IT suppliers
       | repeatedly getting exposed using very bad development practices.
       | Sweden most recently had a major breach back in 2024 when the
       | other large IT services supplier TietoEvry had their data centres
       | breached and claimed "not actually an issue of security".
       | 
       | Several government organisations / regional authorities and
       | companies were down. Last I heard several medical journals for
       | whole municipalities were just destroyed.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, the public tender process encourages awarding
       | contracts to these giants that repeatedly fail to deliver on even
       | basic opsec and still believe in security-by-obscurity, are
       | suspicious of things like zero-trust, follow outdated engineering
       | practices. Sigh.
        
         | bengale wrote:
         | The tender process is what they are optimised for. They are
         | professional project bidders with a bit of outsourced software
         | development bolted on the back.
        
           | Maxion wrote:
           | A lot of outsourced development.
           | 
           | The tender process + clueless buyers + tender process law(s)
           | cause this. Whole process needs a revamp for this to not be a
           | problem.
        
         | vladms wrote:
         | > Unfortunately, the public tender process encourages awarding
         | contracts to these giants that repeatedly fail to deliver on
         | even basic opsec and still believe in security-by-obscurity
         | 
         | So what you think would be the solution ? From what I see (both
         | public tender or not), I would claim that "any large IT
         | project/company will suffer from security issues", so not sure
         | what is the added value to single out a process (the tender) or
         | a region (Europe) if there is no obvious alternative.
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | I have (the start of a) solution, but it's a boring one:
           | 
           | You have to have people who care about this stuff.
           | 
           | If you don't care, the rest does not matter. It does not
           | matter if, when and how you outsource if you don't care about
           | the outcome. You can't just pay someone a salary, nor a
           | consulting bill, check the box and say you've done your part.
           | 
           | And the other way around: These huge consulting conglomerates
           | would get very few jobs if purchasers cared about the
           | details, and not just that all the boxes are checked.
        
             | dns_snek wrote:
             | I don't think that's a particularly novel idea, the
             | question is how do you get people who care in an
             | organization that has hundreds of thousands of employees
             | (the public sector)?
        
               | xorcist wrote:
               | You may not like the trivial answer: The same way as we
               | do everything else. How do we get people to show up for
               | work? How do we get people to respect data security
               | boundaries? None of these are questions of technology.
               | The answer is culture. We need to create a strong shared
               | culture of caring, by hiring people that care and putting
               | them in an environment where caring is appreciated.
        
             | latexr wrote:
             | > You have to have people who care about this stuff.
             | 
             | What?! Preposterous! How could you even make money out of
             | that? No no no, that will not do. You will ask your AI
             | agent some vague question, commit the result without review
             | and push it to the client. And you'll like it. If there's
             | any trouble, call Timothy, he'll be on vacation with his
             | family in Thailand. Some resort, "Lotus" something or
             | other.
        
           | mvdwoord wrote:
           | Germany has iirc liability for the entire chain (engineers to
           | upper management) in case of data breaches. I remember having
           | to sign for that when I did a project in Germany. Would that
           | help? I would not mind if the CEO/CTO of Odido would spend a
           | couple of years in a federal pound them in the ass prison if
           | it is found out the leak was due to malpractice.
        
           | ExoticPearTree wrote:
           | Split giant projects into small ones, award it to better
           | smaller companies, require interoperability via API that is
           | clearly documented and ask for around the clock security
           | monitoring and patching. The last things being the same thing
           | you do at any decent private company.
           | 
           | IBM or Accenture or whoever don't need to be the only ones
           | winning tenders.
        
             | vladms wrote:
             | The total number of people working on the project might
             | remain similar no matter if it's one company or many
             | smaller companies. Writing clear documentation and API,
             | well thought from the start is harder the larger the
             | project.
             | 
             | Maybe there would be a benefit from having less layers of
             | management, but multiple small companies or one big could
             | have the same structure.
        
           | corroclaro wrote:
           | Absolutely. One of the root causes for these terrible tender
           | processes is a fear of in-housing competence and skill for
           | systems.
           | 
           | It's the same reason major govt. IT orgs keep pushing for
           | closed source (recently the Swedish Tax Authority was in the
           | media for _pushing for Office 365_ as necessary for
           | operations), out-sourced designs, big firm purchases over
           | FOSS or real standards.
           | 
           | You need people that care (and they exist, even in the
           | gigantic state orgs.) in positions to make good decisions.
           | Right now, everything is up in the hands of nebulously
           | defined managerial staff with none-to-doubtful technical
           | competence.
           | 
           | Another recent case: the Swedish digital exams platform
           | flopped at a rough cost of a billion SEK. Can't sustain 150K
           | concurrent users, despite paying a "large company". Like,
           | come on.
        
         | ExoticPearTree wrote:
         | The probleme here is that what tends to happen is that the
         | security requirements are relatively vague and once the
         | customer has signed the acceptance, good luck.
         | 
         | And signing up with a big company is good way to cover your
         | behind, because "if they with all their people and knowledge
         | could not do it...". Basically the mantra or "Nobody was ever
         | fired for buying Cisco".
        
       | blin2h wrote:
       | What forum is the original screenshot from? It reminds me of
       | cs.rin.ru
        
       | agluszak wrote:
       | e-government services should be open-sources by default!
        
         | nunobrito wrote:
         | Now there is an additional reason for that.
         | 
         | Public money, public code.
        
       | wasmitnetzen wrote:
       | Swedish news has some quotes from authorities that nothing of
       | value has been leaked, and a quote from the service CGI that it
       | only concerns test servers.[1][2]
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/uppgift-statlig-it-
       | inform...
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.cgi.com/se/sv/news/cybersakerhet/cgi-
       | informerar-...
        
         | whizzter wrote:
         | As a Swede this is giving me shudders, the statements reeks of
         | paper-pushers and certification-chasers that don't seem to
         | understand fundamental risks of how how threat actors can move
         | around once having established footholds, hopefully there's
         | more competent people down in the trenches.
        
         | cactusplant7374 wrote:
         | Are we allowed to vibe code some positive changes and submit
         | them for review?
        
         | sandos wrote:
         | I dont know nothing about this particular leak, but I have
         | worked at Skatteverket.
         | 
         | Let me just say, the likelihood that CGI would have any
         | _actual_ real personal data is close to 0%, at least on servers
         | outside of Skatteverket. I had access to absolutely nothing
         | even working inside. I have never worked in a more closed-down
         | system, maybe excepting the swedish military "complex". No,
         | actually that was less locked down in a way, at least once you
         | were "inside" the system.
        
       | yaris wrote:
       | Knowing swedish people's mindset I'm not surprised at all by the
       | breach. What can be mildly surprising is that no major e-gov
       | service has expressed concerns on their websites. Only on
       | skatteverket.se, which is Swedish Tax Service website, there is a
       | vague note on "maintenance work" planned for coming Saturday.
       | Maybe totally unrelated though.
        
         | queuep wrote:
         | Interesting, care to elaborate?
        
         | corroclaro wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure they did an internal analysis by 8 AM at all
         | these places and came to the conclusion that they're OK.
         | 
         | Of course, they might be wrong!
        
       | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
       | As long as cronyism remains the primary qualification for
       | leadership, nothing will ever change, worse, it's only going to
       | get worse
       | 
       | Accountability now, send these people to prison
        
       | elwebmaster wrote:
       | Anything taxpayer funded should be open source to begin with.
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | https://publiccode.eu
        
         | teroshan wrote:
         | Similarly taxpayer funded contracts for any type of
         | infrastructure (obviously I have digital infrastructure powered
         | by proprietary solutions in mind) should only be awarded if
         | interoperability is guaranteed to prevent lock-in and abuse.
        
       | wayfwdmachine wrote:
       | Ok, some important context for non-Swedes. Anyone can get access
       | to all Swedish (non-protected but those are a very VERY small
       | subset) personal identification numbers by simply signing an
       | agreement with SPAR[1] (the Swedish national people database).
       | Identification numbers per se are not particularly useful or hard
       | to get, they are effectively public information. Using SPAR you
       | can also get the home (and any additional) addresses of
       | individuals
       | 
       | A Swedish citizen database is... you know. fun. But not exactly
       | hard to get hold of.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.statenspersonadressregister.se/master/start/engl...
        
         | petcat wrote:
         | > by simply signing an agreement with SPAR
         | 
         | But that seems like a completely different thing than a
         | nefarious and anonymous person or group having access to the
         | entire database.
        
           | wayfwdmachine wrote:
           | Yeah, nefarious or anonymous people have never used the
           | internet so they could never find out that this was all
           | public information.
        
             | petcat wrote:
             | public information if they signed an agreement with the
             | Swedish government?
        
               | einr wrote:
               | No, public information for anyone. You realize that if
               | it's public information, then it's public, and anyone can
               | re-publish it online? There are websites for that. I can
               | get the complete identification number, home address,
               | phone number, etc for any Swedish citizen (that does not
               | have a protected identity) in less than a minute.
        
               | petcat wrote:
               | You can get all of that one-by-one? Or can you get the
               | whole database at once?
        
               | einr wrote:
               | I cannot trivially get the whole database, no. But I kind
               | of fail to see what a malicious actor would do with a
               | large database of public information that they couldn't
               | otherwise do. The system is designed such that you can't
               | really do a lot of malicious stuff with just public data,
               | and the stuff you can do (scam calls, etc) is probably
               | not meaningfully more effective if you have the whole
               | database than if you do manual lookups or web scraping.
               | I'm open to being proved wrong about that however.
               | 
               | Basically: obviously it's not _desirable_ to have that
               | full database in the hands of a malicious actor but I 'm
               | not sure it's such a big deal either. Again, it's public
               | data by design.
        
               | hrimfaxi wrote:
               | In the US, property tax records are public by design.
               | However, historically the records were physical and hard
               | to search through. Now that these records are digitized
               | and published online, it is trivial to find out where
               | someone resides by searching through these records. So
               | while public by design, at scale data aggregation changes
               | the threat model.
        
         | picafrost wrote:
         | I think this is good to highlight for non-Scandinavians.
         | 
         | Scandinavian countries are extremely open and transparent in a
         | way that might be shocking for Americans. For example, in
         | Norway, I can check nearly anyone's brokerage account holdings,
         | addresses, phone numbers, etc. on public websites. I can in
         | theory look up anyone's tax filings.
         | 
         | Personal identification numbers do not tend to be considered
         | private in the same way that social security numbers in the US
         | are.
        
           | ahoka wrote:
           | Not open but stupid, IMHO.
        
           | whynotmaybe wrote:
           | I heard a rumor that some people use this to check their
           | neighbour's revenue and sometimes make snark comments if one
           | of them has a high revenue but lives in a "average revenue"
           | part of town.
           | 
           | They'd say that if you earn a lot, you shouldn't take a cheap
           | housing.
           | 
           | Any truth to that?
        
             | sorum wrote:
             | Yep, that tracks.
             | 
             | There's also the underlying current of Jantelagen (Law of
             | Jante) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Jante
        
             | internet_points wrote:
             | Making snark comments about that sounds very unlikely. More
             | likely they'd have respect for someone living frugally and
             | not showing off. See
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Jante
        
             | ale wrote:
             | Yes and no. You get notified if someone else actually asks
             | for your revenue info and so in practice nobody actually
             | does it.
        
               | arcticfox wrote:
               | Is this not trivial to get a random person to check stuff
               | for you in exchange for making requests for them (on
               | people they are interested in)? Or is that illegal?
        
               | vodkapump wrote:
               | There's paid services that pull it for you, most charging
               | around 100nok (10eur) per lookup.[1]
               | 
               | Media is also allowed to pull "top" lists like the 100
               | people with the most income in a city, 100 people with
               | the most wealth in a city, etc.
               | 
               | [1] https://sjekkskatt.no/
        
             | kivle wrote:
             | There used to be a lot more of that, but a system was put
             | in place where you have to identify yourself with
             | electronic ID to access the information, and the
             | information is logged so the other party can see it.
             | 
             | Nowadays I think mostly journalists use it to pull up
             | information about politicians and other people that are in
             | the public spotlight. There are of course the yearly
             | "richest people in Norway" lists in various categories.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | > There used to be a lot more of that, but a system was
               | put in place where you have to identify yourself with
               | electronic ID to access the information, and the
               | information is logged so the other party can see it.
               | 
               | Yeah, kind of a fake solution, request it via Ratsit or
               | whatever and all they get to see is that someone used
               | Ratsit, but not who actually requested it.
               | 
               | Same goes for criminal cases, using Krimfup or whatever
               | just leads to the service's name "leaking", while you can
               | use fake details to sign up for both Ratsit and Krimfup.
        
             | ruszki wrote:
             | What is the harm in this case? Shit people are shit even
             | without information. They would be snark about something
             | else then.
        
               | whynotmaybe wrote:
               | I think it was covered during a discussion about
               | immigrants that are easily rejected - because they're
               | immigrants.
               | 
               | The points was that it added another layer of issues for
               | immigrants because they didn't understand the
               | neighbourhood they "should be living in" with their
               | revenue.
        
               | ruszki wrote:
               | Why is this not the "shit people do shit things"
               | category? This happens even without being immigrants.
               | Large part of my family lives in a way poorer
               | neighborhood than what we can afford, because we don't
               | care to move. People who have problem with this had other
               | problems even before we got richer. There is exactly zero
               | difference. The exact same people are snark as before,
               | just for something else now. They were and would be snark
               | even without this.
               | 
               | This seems to me a very bad attempt to hide xenophobia.
        
             | heraldgeezer wrote:
             | We don't talk to our neighbours.
        
             | embedding-shape wrote:
             | > They'd say that if you earn a lot, you shouldn't take a
             | cheap housing.
             | 
             | I think a lot of "humbleness" is also enforced this way, in
             | the US seems normal (or even some European countries) to
             | flaunt your wealth, and others seem more or less OK with
             | it, while in Sweden it's much more socially unacceptable to
             | in any sort of way brag about being rich, or showing that
             | off. Humble-richness is OK and tolerated, but flagrantly
             | displaying your wealth among the public is generally
             | frowned upon.
             | 
             | So together with that, living in a average neighborhood but
             | have a house that sticks out as clearly "rich person's
             | house" will gain you evil looks from your neighbors, as
             | you're "supposed to" live in a different neighborhood where
             | neighbors look more equal, otherwise you again stick out,
             | which is cause for friction culturally.
             | 
             | Lots of culture in Sweden is less about "lets correctly
             | solve the problem" and more "lets ensure the gaping holes
             | aren't so visible for everyone, so we can ignore it
             | properly".
        
               | torginus wrote:
               | I have a friend who has moved to Sweden a while ago, and
               | she told me a lot about the Swedish housing situation,
               | and admittedly most if it went over my head, but in
               | short, apparently very few places would even allow you to
               | build even somewhat freely.
               | 
               | Apparently she was in a situation where she 'owned' her
               | house, but still paid a monthly maintenance fee to some
               | agency. and she wasn't allowed to repaint the rooms or do
               | any sort of repairs, but had to go through some agency,
               | who would do it for her.
               | 
               | Apparently that was a neighborhood thing, but she told me
               | of epic (and apparently fruitless) struggles of her
               | friends' who wanted to repaint their house in a different
               | color and install some circular windows.
        
               | lysace wrote:
               | Take a step back.
               | 
               | What, exactly is the connection between your uninformed
               | story and the incorrect - and not unlikely Russo-Iranian
               | propaganda HN post we are in?
        
               | alentodorov wrote:
               | what
        
               | lysace wrote:
               | Yup
        
               | torginus wrote:
               | Hold on, I was sharing an anecdote from a friend living
               | in a foreign country, and somehow you're somehow
               | connecting this to a dastardly geopolitical plot by a
               | league of evil nations?
               | 
               | Also may I ask who the heck you are to call my story
               | uninformed? As far as I recall, there's nothing
               | inaccurate about what I said, I might be missing some
               | context or nuance, but there's no disinformation in
               | there, and there's certainly no hidden motive (what would
               | even that be?) you seem to imply.
        
               | lysace wrote:
               | "and admittedly most if it went over my head"
               | 
               | "Apparently she was in a situation where she 'owned' her
               | house, but still paid a monthly maintenance fee to some
               | agency."
               | 
               | (This is not the norm. I can go into a lot more detail if
               | you want to.)
               | 
               | I am not accusing you of disinformation. I am saying that
               | are writing completely irrelevant stuff in a story that
               | is, as far as I can see is mostly false and has a high
               | probability of being propaganda related to current
               | conflicts.
               | 
               | And yes, dozens of other people did the same.
        
               | patall wrote:
               | Probably just didn't really buy the house. Many houses
               | are part of an association (BRF). When you buy one, you
               | practically only buy the right to live in the house plus
               | a share of the entire association. The fee that she paid
               | was towards that association for things like
               | maintainance, managment, trash-fees, internet, parking,
               | likely heating and water, and possibly interest on the
               | associations loan. It's just a different structure that
               | many countries have for flats in a building, in this case
               | applied to single family houses.
        
             | daneel_w wrote:
             | Making snarky comments about it, no, not really. Will some
             | people snoop around? Yes, nosy people can be found
             | everywhere.
        
           | ROllerozxa wrote:
           | And then there are widespread amounts of identity theft and
           | mapping out of minorities, but you may sleep well as everyone
           | knowing where you do so is an important step in making sure
           | corruption is no more, don't think too much about it.
        
             | Batman8675309 wrote:
             | Just a few years ago this was about to change in Sweden.
             | 
             | But they didn't change it, because "women should be able to
             | look up the men that they date".
        
               | ROllerozxa wrote:
               | Oh yes. I'm Swedish and I do have to admit I have looked
               | up quite a lot of people on these kinds of sites. It's
               | become so normalised to do this even though I also feel
               | like it would be better as a whole if they just did not
               | exist in the first place.
               | 
               | Last update I heard about something being done about it
               | was this:
               | 
               | https://www.regeringen.se/pressmeddelanden/2024/11/utredn
               | ing...
               | 
               | Not sure what the current status is.
        
           | kivle wrote:
           | We're so open, we even leak our government source code
           | _ourselves_ https://github.com/navikt
        
             | valzam wrote:
             | Uff, COBOL written in Norwegian, talk about a narrow target
             | to hit for hiring :)
        
               | scottyah wrote:
               | Who needs a Jones Act when you can have processes like
               | these?
        
               | deepsun wrote:
               | I see mostly Java/Kotlin and Maven.
               | 
               | Pretty modern stack. I would start a government service
               | using those today.
        
               | kivle wrote:
               | He is probably talking about this repo:
               | https://github.com/navikt/DSF
               | 
               | Description translated:
               | 
               | > This system was one of the oldest IT systems in NAV,
               | and ran in production for 51 years, from when the
               | National Insurance Scheme was introduced in 1967. In
               | January 2018, Presys was put into production, which
               | together with Pesys became the successor to DSF. At that
               | point, DSF was also shut down. The system is written in
               | PL/I.
               | 
               | It's like the Apollo 11 code, but for social services.
        
           | ivell wrote:
           | How do they have handle identity thefts, spams, etc.?
           | 
           | There are so many ways to misuse these data. Are the
           | residents not concerned about this?
        
             | boxed wrote:
             | It's just a unique ID of a person, it's not a password. I
             | don't see how you can be confused by this.
        
               | bondarchuk wrote:
               | It's also "anyone's brokerage account holdings,
               | addresses, phone numbers" according to the comment that
               | this subthread of the conversation is about.
        
               | SiempreViernes wrote:
               | It only gives read permissions, to make any changes
               | requires a password.
        
             | ROllerozxa wrote:
             | > How do they handle identity thefts
             | 
             | By just accepting it as a normal fact of life that you will
             | have some random stuff ordered in your name sooner or later
             | with an invoice you'll have to dispute. Happened to a
             | relative of mine, police do not care unless they order
             | things above a certain value, without a police report you
             | cannot get free ID protection, and then you'll have to sit
             | for a long time in phone queues trying to cancel a
             | subscription for a streaming service or whatever they
             | ordered while get thrown around by support reps who go "you
             | SURE you or someone in your family didn't order this?"
        
               | PowerElectronix wrote:
               | That sounds rather unacceptable.
        
               | ROllerozxa wrote:
               | Yes, I don't think anyone truly wants it to be like this.
               | But it's just what happens.
               | 
               | You of course cannot access and empty out someone's bank
               | account this way, you're safe in that regard. But you
               | need to dispute the invoices as soon as possible to show
               | that it is fradulent, so you don't end up needing to
               | actually pay for it. Or get debt collectors after you.
        
               | heraldgeezer wrote:
               | ^ Never had this happen in my 30 years here so YMMW
               | 
               | So don't take this poster by their word.
               | 
               | Not saying it DOES NOT happen as it is a system not made
               | for the internet. But widespread? It is not.
        
               | Hikikomori wrote:
               | Never happened to anyone I know either.
        
               | maest wrote:
               | It basically never happens. I don't know where the GP got
               | their story from.
        
               | heraldgeezer wrote:
               | I am Swedish and never had this happen to me. Never had
               | random things show up or ordered for me at all. What
               | would the point be, you have to pay or get an invoice?
               | For Klarna they use BankID so only _I_ can order an
               | invoice for myself in reputable shops.
               | 
               | I am in my 30s btw so I was alive before BankID and it
               | was a worse time. Remember my parents paid bills with
               | paper.
        
               | daneel_w wrote:
               | That is absolutely not a normal fact of Scandinavian
               | life. Gross exaggeration and misrepresentation.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | The root cause of identity theft in USA and some other
             | places is the lack of "proper" national identity and the
             | associated use of various personal "secrets" (not that
             | secret) for identity verification because there are no good
             | easy other ways.
             | 
             | Businesses in Scandinavia and many other countries would
             | not treat someone knowing your personal information as any
             | evidence of identity (because it's not); having all that
             | information is not sufficient to impersonate you there -
             | identity theft does happen but it would require stealing or
             | forging physical documents or actual credentials to things
             | like bank accounts; knowing all of what your mother or
             | spouse would know is not enough to e.g. get credit or get
             | valuable goods in your name.
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | The US has no single national photo + chip ID card that
               | is available to everybody, for free, including illegal
               | and semi-illegal immigrants and homeless people with no
               | access to their birth certificate and such.
               | 
               | It's completely crazy to me that you can be "out of
               | status" with the USCIS and still get a social security
               | card and a bank account, for example.
        
               | eitland wrote:
               | It absolutely isn't free here in Norway either, around
               | $86 is what I'd have to pay now to get an id card as an
               | adult (same price as a passport but easier to carry).
        
             | concats wrote:
             | Just knowing someone's name, address, and ID number isn't
             | enough to like, open a bank account in their name or such.
             | You'd need a proper ID card or passport for that. Similar
             | thing with most businesses if you try to pay for some
             | product with credit, they won't accept just a few digits
             | and a pinky promise, you'll need to identify yourself
             | properly (the BankID app for instance).
        
             | guenthert wrote:
             | We just change our identity every three years or so.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BK2gKuqbOHo
        
             | xorcist wrote:
             | "Identity theft" is newspeak right up there with
             | "intellectual property". It serves the sole purpose of
             | diminishing real theft. If someone says "we gave all your
             | money to this other guy, but it's not our fault because he
             | had stolen your identity" doesn't make it so. There are
             | cases of mistaken identity, and with criminal intentions,
             | but there is also an enormous majority of not checking
             | identity because someone was lazy.
        
               | stevekemp wrote:
               | Which is what leads to this comedy:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CS9ptA3Ya9E
        
             | daneel_w wrote:
             | Unlike American SSNs, which are secret and wield certain
             | authoritative powers, a Scandinavian "person number" is
             | neither secret nor authoritative. Common misconception.
        
             | victorbjorklund wrote:
             | Of course ID theft happens but I think one thing that
             | differs is that in Sweden it is harder to get a loan
             | without verification that you are who you are (for example
             | by Swedish BankID wish is an electronic id) while in US it
             | seems you can take a loan if you just know someone's social
             | security number
        
           | designerarvid wrote:
           | All email conversations in Swedish public institutions are
           | basically a public act and any citizen can request an extract
           | of them.
        
         | einr wrote:
         | _Identification numbers per se are not particularly useful or
         | hard to get, they are effectively public information_
         | 
         | They are absolutely trivial to get. One click on mrkoll.se.
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | That might be interesting but it's also completely irrelevant
         | since no PII was actually leaked.
         | 
         | Also, no source code of "Swedish e-government services" was
         | leaked since that is not a thing:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47363966
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | Anyone knows what their tech stack looks like?
        
       | bkummel wrote:
       | I see comments about Swedish personal identification numbers. But
       | the article is about source code that's leaked, not a database of
       | numbers, right? I was thinking: should government source code not
       | be open source anyway?
        
         | johnisgood wrote:
         | Ideally they should be open.
        
         | FateOfNations wrote:
         | The same attackers are releasing the database of personal
         | information separately (for a fee).
         | 
         | That said, Sweden takes a different approach to PII, so most of
         | that information would have already been public. You can
         | generally just look up any resident and their ID number and
         | other biographical details in a public directory (among other
         | things... their tax returns are also public records).
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | Unless they hardcode passwords and other juicy details in their
       | source code what's all the fuzz about? It is a publicly funded
       | thingy anyways.
        
       | hollow-moe wrote:
       | "Government surprisingly fulfills its duty by making publicly
       | funded source code public"
        
       | GuB-42 wrote:
       | First reaction: How come the source code is not public in the
       | first place, accessible to every Swedish citizen? They paid for
       | it!
       | 
       | But it turns out that more than the source code was leaked.
        
       | Lliora wrote:
       | Worked on a similar platform. The real risk isn't the code - it's
       | the config files. Government deployments have hardcoded staging
       | credentials, VPN endpoints, and encryption keys that don't get
       | rotated when code leaks. Source is whatever. Those env files are
       | the skeleton key.
        
       | Schlagbohrer wrote:
       | Why was all that software not open source already?
        
       | vladde wrote:
       | CGI has a lot of consultants in both government and municipal
       | places (i've worked at both), and some of our main tools like
       | time reporting was built as a addon to our personnel system by
       | consultants at CGI. half my team are consultants from CGI, 4 out
       | of 7 people.
       | 
       | also: hi tavro! it's been a few years, how have you been :D
        
       | butz wrote:
       | Most important question: do Swedish e-government services use
       | curl?
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Misleading title, as my first thought was "why is Sweden's egov
       | not open source to begin with?".
       | 
       | Turns out it's about data.
        
       | Surac wrote:
       | following AI corp logic that everything in the internet is open
       | source we have a open source goverment in europe now
        
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