[HN Gopher] An old photo of a large BBS (2022)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An old photo of a large BBS (2022)
        
       Author : xbryanx
       Score  : 272 points
       Date   : 2026-03-12 19:41 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (rachelbythebay.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (rachelbythebay.com)
        
       | bigwheels wrote:
       | Would these machines have been networked with CAT-3? Daisy
       | chained phone cords?
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | It's also possible they used coax, either ethernet (10base2) or
         | Arcnet.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | Depends on the exact date.
         | 
         | I never worked with DOS BBS systems, so I can't say about this
         | photo specifically, but the ones I did work with had between
         | one and four dialup modems hooked up to each machine, depending
         | on its capabilities. They did "networking" through a store-and-
         | forward messaging system. It wasn't networking as we'd
         | recognize it today.
        
         | petra303 wrote:
         | More likely coax. 3com 509c network cards. Much less
         | infrastructure to have a lan that way.
         | 
         | IBM had a network that ran over phone cords that were
         | daisycbained from one node to the next.
        
       | mcculley wrote:
       | I am surprised by the assumption that each box could only handle
       | one modem. I seem to remember that some DOS BBS packages could
       | handle multiple modems/users concurrently and only needed
       | multitasking operating systems for "door" programs. Am I
       | misremembering?
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | I'm fairly certain you are correct. I remember the MajorBBS
         | could handle multiple lines on its own.
         | 
         | I knew a couple of local DOS BBSes that ran multiple lines with
         | PCBoard under DESQview.
        
           | ghewgill wrote:
           | MajorBBS could handle multiple lines on its own, but you had
           | to handle ALL of the lines with one box. That meant a serial
           | port interface like DigiBoard which provided some number (8
           | or 16 or more) of serial ports that you would connect to
           | modems.
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | I remember DigiBoard from my early ISP days. We attempted
             | to turn a mid 90's-era Linux system (Slackware) into a
             | terminal server. The Linux drivers for DigiBoard weren't
             | quite up to it so we wound up going with Telebit
             | Netblazers, I think.
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | I think we used RocketPorts for a while until switching
               | to Livingston Portmaster 3s, which you plugged a T-1
               | into.
        
               | icedchai wrote:
               | Portmasters were very popular. Later on the ISP I worked
               | with moved on to Ascend boxes which had digital modems
               | (T1 / PRI lines.)
               | 
               | PRI was a huge step. The "individual modem" days were a
               | mess. Each modem had a serial cable, phone line, and
               | power brick. I remember doing some maintenance in one of
               | the POPs. There were at least 100 modems, stacked on a
               | cheap plastic shelving unit. The shelving unit was
               | sagging from the weight and heat of all the modems.
               | 
               | This early POP was haphazardly built, so no cable
               | management. I remember a river of phone cables coming out
               | of the wall. The power bricks were also crazy. We had
               | power strips 2 or 3 levels deep, making it a hazard to
               | even get behind the rack without tripping on something.
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | They'd already switched to PRIs before I started so I
               | missed out on that "fun", but I can personally vouch to
               | the younguns here that every word you just wrote was
               | completely plausible and likely.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Portmasters were a godsend. They turned piles of gear
               | into clean boxes at a fraction of the heat and mess.
        
             | jamroom wrote:
             | Yep - I ran a 16 line Major BBS back in the mid 90's in
             | Seattle - used what was called a "Bocaboard" - had 16
             | serial ports on it - plugged in 16 external USR 28.8
             | modems. It all ran off of one PC.
        
           | EvanAnderson wrote:
           | For sure. I knew people who ran multi-line BBS's on DOS PCs
           | under DESQview, just like that (running Searchlight BBS, in
           | my case). I know of a four line that was just using multiple
           | external modems and non-standard IRQ's for COM3 and COM4
           | (since, by default, COM1/3 and COM2/4 share an IRQ).
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | Even the Apple II had multi-line BBSes[^1], so I'm not sure
         | about her assumption.
         | 
         | [^1]: e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversi-Dial
        
         | nickdothutton wrote:
         | Even for a standard PC, you could buy a 16 port serial card and
         | hook it up to 16 modems, either discreet devices or the
         | dedicated ISP kit which might support dozens of incoming calls
         | (possibly on a single bearer) via various means. Telebit
         | netblazers and then ascend maxs were common in those days.
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | The question is if you could actually _handle_ that many
           | lines concurrently, with available software and the hardware
           | resources of a single PC. Rachel 's article as well as other
           | comments here indicate that you could not.
        
             | guenthert wrote:
             | Telephone line modems were always slow compared to the
             | microcomputers of their day. A 14400Baud modem will just
             | send less than some 1.5KB/s. Even a Z80 could handle a few
             | streams of that. I rather suspect this BBS offered fancier
             | services than just chat and file up/download.
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | You certainly could with later 386 and 486 systems. The
             | multiport cards take care of the interrupt issues. 16
             | lines, all running at 115200 bps (to allow for better
             | compression!), isn't even 2 megabits/sec. That is worst
             | case. I had a 386 with ethernet and it could push 10
             | megabits no problem.
        
             | nickdothutton wrote:
             | From memory, it very much mattered on your choice of serial
             | card/controller. High quality, high speed, (and high price)
             | cards had their own buffers and better drivers resulting in
             | fewer interrupts and more efficient use of host resources
             | when supporting multiple concurrent file transfers at line
             | speed. Being able to drive the modem-to-host connection
             | faster than the modem connect speed was also helpful for
             | modem protocols with compression.
        
         | j45 wrote:
         | Serial ports are a fun thing to learn about, computers had more
         | than one. Now with USB, computers can have many serial ports.
        
         | cmpb wrote:
         | That assumption feeds into the moral of the post and its
         | followup
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | A guy who was local to me, when I was a kid, wrote multi-user
         | BBS system (called "MUBBS" originally-- I don't remember what
         | the name was changed to later) in Turbo Pascal that had a
         | preemptive multitasking loop running in x86 real mode to handle
         | multiple lines simultaneously. The coolest part was the console
         | was just a "line" so you could logon to the board and interact
         | while somebody was online with the BBS, too. Most other DOS BBS
         | packages were only available for the SYSOP or the caller
         | individually.
         | 
         | Edit: Ugh... I'm gonna have to go back to floppy images to find
         | it. There's a "MUBBS" for Mac from 1992 showing up in search
         | engine results but that's not the one I'm thinking of. It was
         | more like 1989 or 1990.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Some details/speculation from the original thread here:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30098186
         | 
         | "as modems got faster, supporting 16 modems on a single machine
         | became impossible, and it was often cheaper to buy a new
         | commodity desktop PC rather than a much more expensive machine
         | with a 16-port serial card capable of handling the IO."
        
           | kmbfjr wrote:
           | You are correct, but the problem was the PC only had 16 IRQs.
           | That required using intelligent multi-port cards from Digi or
           | Rocketport. They worked by aggregating all the ports to a
           | single card IRQ, and managing all the hardware signals, echo.
           | 
           | I wrote the software for a breakout box that could handle 128
           | serial ports. It was an ISA backplane with an industrial 286
           | computer and multi-port serial cards. This was our solution
           | for a MajorBBS system.
           | 
           | The BBS software would have to timeslice between all the
           | cards handling each IRQ, then poll the card details to see
           | which ports needed service.
           | 
           | GalactiComm eventually came out with their own around 1993
           | that could go out to 255 serial ports and did not require the
           | 286 processor.
           | 
           | By the mid-90's, Livingston PortMasters were the preferred
           | way to aggregate serial connections, which quickly gave way
           | to USR TotalControl.
        
             | guenthert wrote:
             | iirc fancier (expensive) multiport ISA card had their own
             | CPU (probably a Z80 or 8051) and a little RAM as buffer.
             | Here an EISA card with an (unusual) Z280:
             | https://oldcomputer.info/terminal/ap_cards/si-eisa_1.jpg
        
         | henrikschroder wrote:
         | I don't think those boxes had a 16550 UART...
        
         | mycall wrote:
         | You could just use DoubleDOS [1] to run the BBS in partition 0
         | and the door could run in parallel in partition 1. This was my
         | setup before Windows 3 and DESQview replaced it.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DoubleDOS
         | 
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DESQview
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | DESQview never really clicked with me. Did run DoubleDOS and
           | when I was a TA (or whatever it was) providing support in the
           | computer lab in grad school (most people didn't have their
           | own computers) it was a convenient way to switch between
           | whatever official systems I needed to access and my own
           | stuff.
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | And the follow-up article:
       | https://rachelbythebay.com/w/2022/01/27/scale/
        
         | roxolotl wrote:
         | The quote at the bottom is great:
         | 
         | You can have a second computer once you've shown you know how
         | to use the first one.
         | 
         | -- Paul Barham, quoted in the COST paper
        
           | alexfoo wrote:
           | Followed by a quote from Pink Floyd's _Another Brick in the
           | Wall (Part 2)_.
           | 
           | _Stand still laddie!_
        
       | bjenkins358 wrote:
       | The real question is: Was the turbo button pressed?
        
         | richstokes wrote:
         | Probably not. That would slow them down. The turbo button
         | under-clocked CPUs :-)
        
           | tgrowazay wrote:
           | Not on my 386SX. Pressed = 40 MHz, unpressed = 20 MHz
        
       | SneakyMission wrote:
       | Higher resolution photo
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20230531042903im_/https://static...
        
         | ryanjshaw wrote:
         | That telephone cord is impressive.
        
           | syncsynchalt wrote:
           | Pretty standard option for any home with a teenager, to be
           | honest. Long enough to drag the handset into the nearest coat
           | closet when needed.
        
             | netule wrote:
             | Mom's listening along on the other phone with her hand
             | covering the receiver.
        
           | cucumber3732842 wrote:
           | We have them at work on our voip phones so we can roll around
           | to each other's cubes while talking to a client without
           | putting that client on speaker. We have headsets and the like
           | too but you're not always wearing it when the phone decides
           | to ring.
        
         | jprd wrote:
         | Glorious. This must be what is like when old people long for
         | the hot car they lusted for in their youth.
        
           | SpaceNoodled wrote:
           | I recall old people being glad that air conditioning was
           | invented.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Life with air conditioning is nice, but life without it
             | wasn't as bad as it is now when the a/c fails.
             | 
             | Cars had vents that would blow outside air right were it
             | was needed without using the heater/fan system, or wing
             | windows that you could direct "relatively quiet" air at
             | you.
             | 
             | Now if your car's a/c fails, you get to roll the window
             | down and that's about it.
        
           | mewse-hn wrote:
           | > Glorious. This must be what is like when old people long
           | for the hot car they lusted for in their youth.
           | 
           | Absolutely. The blog post goes to great lengths about why
           | it's stupid to run a cluster, and I run a NAS in my house
           | that has more horsepower than anything from the 90s, but
           | there's a part of me that's still a teenager who wants to run
           | a monster multi-node BBS
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | I get it... FWIW, you can run a telnet/ssh based BBS today
             | over relatively modest hardware, though self-hosting at
             | home given common blocking of regular server ports is a
             | pain.
             | 
             | I've got a nas and a relatively powerful mini-pc for most
             | of my home lab server stuff... but all the same, juggling
             | about 6 BBS related projects I'm hoping I can bring all
             | together later in the year.
        
           | cvwright wrote:
           | Or maybe this is like fondly remembering the busted economy
           | car that you drove around with your friends? I have my first
           | 386DX sitting on my desk right now and it looks _exactly_
           | like the top left of that photo.
           | 
           | The hot car that we all lusted after was maybe something like
           | a SGI Indy or an O2.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | In this picture it seems that all machines have a 3.5" floppy
         | disk inserted. Maybe they had no hard drive and only booted
         | from floppy and then ran software over the network?
        
           | EvanAnderson wrote:
           | A lot of network interface cards had a socket for an option
           | ROM that would allow network boot, but you could definitely
           | fit a client on a floppy and boot that way, too. Novell
           | Netware server would be the mostly likely server for that
           | vintage of rig and a Netware client fit easily on a floppy.
        
         | cheschire wrote:
         | Oh that's a breaker box (or a box of wiring of some sort), not
         | a mirror!
        
           | ssl-3 wrote:
           | A mirror? I first saw it as a common (US-centric) exterior
           | metal door, with a window -- and with a shelf blocking the
           | opening.
           | 
           | The blur does interesting things.
        
             | cheschire wrote:
             | yeah the shine in the top left of the rectangle was what
             | led me to think it was a mirror, which from my experience
             | would have been really strange for the types of nerds that
             | would work in windowless rooms back in those days.
             | 
             | The black cable underneath looked like the shadow of an
             | oval frame
        
         | whatthe12899 wrote:
         | wait, are you OP? or did you happen to find a high res version
         | of the same paper-copy picture that OP supposedly was given 30
         | years ago and then scanned and then threw out. or did OP make
         | it up? or is OP just a bot?
         | 
         | maybe i'm a bot.
         | 
         | anyway i used to call into BBSs back in the early 90s and the
         | thing I'm remembering is that they survived mostly on
         | donations, and now that I am seeing the infrastructure that
         | supported those systems and recalling the price of hardware
         | back then I'm starting to second guess everything I thought I
         | knew.
        
           | DetroitThrow wrote:
           | Rachel says she had the photo as a postcard. It's likely that
           | more postcards were printed, and that other people had owned
           | those copies, rather than people being bots.
        
             | manarth wrote:
             | postcard- _sized_ photo
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | Click on the HN "past" link for this submission near the top
           | of this page, then you'll get to
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30096565 (see the top
           | comment there) from when the original image link was still
           | working.
        
           | hamdingers wrote:
           | Many sites including Google offer reverse image search. You
           | give it an image and it gives you a list of places it
           | appears, sometimes in higher resolution or with more context
           | (or different context, which can be interesting).
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | Apparently "Software Creations" BBS, which ran PCBoard BBS
         | software and was operated in cooperation with Apogee games.
         | 
         | https://x.com/ScottApogee/status/1593729387106512896
        
         | myself248 wrote:
         | Thank you!
         | 
         | In the alcove on the right, I think I'm seeing 66-blocks,
         | breaking out the phone lines that must be routed to each
         | machine. Two blocks stacked, each with a fanout of wire on the
         | right side.
        
         | somat wrote:
         | Hmm, that is interesting, why was that version originaly hosted
         | on 3drealms site? Probably nothing, somebody there just wanted
         | to share a cool picture. But what if that were an early apogee
         | shareware distribution bbs?
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | it was 3D Realms official BBS
           | 
           | https://nitter.privacyredirect.com/ScottApogee/status/159372.
           | .. Scott Miller - Apogee/3D Realms Founder :
           | 
           | >BBS's (bulletin board systems) were the backbone of the
           | online world before the Internet came along in 1995. Apogee
           | teamed up with Dan Linton's BBS, called Software Creations,
           | and we poured $200k+ into it to grow it to nearly 140 call-in
           | nodes with a T3 (high bandwidth) line.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | I seem to recall that the release of DooM caused BBSs
             | around the world to be backed up for ages.
        
             | mycall wrote:
             | I was lucky enough to have a T1 in 1995 and still think to
             | this day that 1.544 Mbps is enough to do real work.
        
         | pseudohadamard wrote:
         | That's not a real BBS. A real BBS is one where you dial in at
         | 20:50 and the sysop's mum answers and says it's not 21:00 yet
         | and you need to call back a bit later when the phone line is
         | switched across to the modem.
        
           | hollywood_court wrote:
           | That brings back memories. When I was aged 9-12, I made
           | enough money mowing lawns during the summer to afford to have
           | multiple phone lines to support my BBS. I made a bit of money
           | during the fall raking leaves as well. But when winter time
           | came, I had to always disconnect all of the additional lines
           | because I could not afford them.
           | 
           | But I also kept one extra line just for my PC because it was
           | always a pain to dial out to another BBS or chat room when my
           | mother wanted to use the phone to talk to her long distance
           | boyfriend.
        
         | ralferoo wrote:
         | Interesting. I thought that looked like a frisbee between the 3
         | disk packs (?) just below the ceiling next to the cupboard with
         | the brown slatted doors. But then the original picture was so
         | small I thought it must be a desk fan, but in the larger
         | picture I'm going back to my original guess of a frisbee!
        
       | nitwit005 wrote:
       | I can recall people being very impressed at unix systems being
       | able to handle many clients, and being personally confused at the
       | idea of a computer only being able to handle a single user.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _I can recall people being very impressed at unix systems being
         | able to handle many clients_
         | 
         | That seems odd to me, too, because before DOS and the Commodore
         | 64/Apple ][ era, multi-user systems were everywhere.
         | 
         | Not just mainframes and minicomputers, but there were many
         | dozens of multi-user systems based on CP/M, MP/M, and other
         | operating systems. Even Tandy had them.
         | 
         | The revolutionary part of the "personal computer" era was that
         | it was your "personal" computer. You finally didn't have to
         | share it with anyone.
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | There were also commercial multi-user systems like Compuserve
           | and Delphi.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Everyone seems to assume you need protected mode to run
           | multi-user systems, too.
           | 
           | It wasn't as secure or as easy, but you could certainly do
           | multi-user systems without protected mode and within very
           | small RAM amounts.
        
       | slongfield wrote:
       | Looks like the shelves were custom-built for those machines. I
       | wonder what the monitors were hooked up to, or if they were just
       | spares.
       | 
       | My first thought was that this was built someone who clearly
       | cared about the system they were running.
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | I remember thinking that I would reach absolute peak-coolkid if I
       | could start and run a BBS. I even installed WWIV and DesqView to
       | fuel the fantasy and prepare. But my parents didn't understand
       | technology and couldn't grasp why I wanted to hook up (and pay
       | for) a second phone line for the house. So, unfortunately I would
       | remain a mere luser until I went off to University where the
       | Internet was just getting popular and 10-Base-T ethernet drops to
       | the dorm rooms were standard, and I very quickly forgot all about
       | BBSing.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Cool Kids run T1s ;)
         | 
         | Really Cool Kids T3s...
        
           | dwd wrote:
           | Thanks for the reminder. Those were heady days.
           | 
           | My first programming job out of Uni had dual ISDN to the
           | office.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | We ran all of Camarades for the first year on a dual ISDN,
             | then came a leased line to Haarlem which was the closest
             | fat pipe and the year after that we saturated the
             | intercontinental backbone during a space shuttle launch.
             | Oops. Then we moved to Canada to have sufficient bandwidth.
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | When I got my first PC (a 286 with a 2400 baud modem) I had to
         | wire my computer to the telephone line from my bedroom all the
         | way to the kitchen. I had some very long telephone extension
         | cable and every morning for 2 weeks my parents woke up with
         | chest-high line running down the hallway.
         | 
         | After those 2 weeks, my parents decided to get me my own phone
         | line in my room. That's also week I started running my own BBS.
         | I ran it for several years.
         | 
         | Those were strange and interesting times.
        
       | tiahura wrote:
       | By the early 90s didn't most BBS software support multi-line
       | setups on a single pc?
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | The OS that was running on these is irrelevant, the important
       | part is the BBS software.
       | 
       | And these usually ran quite a few lines per box, sometimes they
       | would use external racks of modems, but I'm not seeing that here
       | so maybe these were using internal modem cards, so maybe 6 per
       | box, but if they were using external modems it could easily be 12
       | or more, with the PC cards hosting multiple serial ports, 4, 6 or
       | even 8 per card.
       | 
       | Typically a card would have a single large connector at the back
       | and then a pigtail with a DB9 or DB25 (yes, I know) for every
       | modem.
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | The OS was relevant if your BBS software was limited to a
         | single simultaneous user, like many of the early DOS BBSes. The
         | late 80's "PCBoard" BBSes I'm familiar with needed one PC per
         | user, plus a file server with Netware.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Ok, but that's just the vehicle, it is the BBS software that
           | does the works. And even in the 80's there were ways to run
           | multiple instances of 'single user' BBSs on one box, for
           | instance (dare I say it...) OS/2 and TV.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | Yeah, this jumped out at me too. It's a wild misunderstanding
         | of how BBSes worked.
         | 
         | That said, I have no idea how a multi-node BBS would work, in
         | terms of keeping state synchronized.
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | It depends on the era.
           | 
           | Earlier: one PC per user, shared file system using a Novell
           | network. Later: multitasking OS (Desqview, OS/2) or BBS
           | software that natively supported multiple users (like
           | MajorBBS.)
           | 
           | I ran a BBS on an Amiga for a while. The OS natively
           | supported multitasking, but I only had one line. At least I
           | could log in the same time as a user...
        
             | daneel_w wrote:
             | The older brother of a friend of mine in the 90s was the
             | co-sysop of one of Sweden's largest "elite" BBSes at the
             | time, Farout BBS. I got to tag along to the sysop's
             | apartment once and see the setup, which was an Amiga 2000
             | with 3 active nodes and available serial ports for a total
             | of 7 nodes, though the sysop hadn't gotten around to get
             | more telephone lines wired to his apartment.
        
               | icedchai wrote:
               | awesome! getting more phone lines into a residence could
               | be a pain. I knew a guy who had an 8 line BBS in his
               | (parents', actually) basement. Getting more was difficult
               | because they were "out of facilities" and he had to move
               | it to an office.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | I've seen NetWare, Vines, some proprietary hacks to form the
           | backbone.
        
           | xenadu02 wrote:
           | > It's a wild misunderstanding of how BBSes worked.
           | 
           | That's quite the assumption.
           | 
           | There were a lot of different BBS hosting programs. They
           | wildly varied in what they supported and how they were
           | implemented. Further even within a given piece of software
           | the ways you could configure them and the consequences also
           | varied. Even if a given software supported concurrent users
           | on a single PC for various reasons a BBS might choose not to
           | host that way.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Aren't the modems the black boxes sitting on top of each PC in
         | the picture?
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Yes, you're right, I totally missed them. Those look like USR
           | 'Courier' modems but the resolution is really crappy so hard
           | to be sure and it looks like there are multiple types. There
           | might still be modems in the boxes themselves as well. It
           | doesn't look like more than two modems per box if there
           | isn't.
        
           | jasongill wrote:
           | yes, most of them look like USRobotics Courier modems. Note
           | that not all the machines have one, and some have two.
           | 
           | Assuming that the parent commenter is right and that they are
           | using internal line cards, I wonder if the external modems
           | were being added to support higher speeds.
           | 
           | However, the fact that we can see at least 2 (but I think
           | four) 66 blocks means they had 50 to 100 phone lines for the
           | machines visible, which would make sense that the external
           | modems are the primary connection and no internal modems are
           | being used, based on the number of modems visible and the
           | fact that each 66 block can handle 25 lines.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | I think you're right and that there were only two modems
             | connected to the boxes so that's just the built in serial
             | ports, here is another copy of the same picture by someone
             | that apparently funded the board with some details:
             | 
             | https://x.com/ScottApogee/status/1593729387106512896
        
               | jasongill wrote:
               | This almost confirms it then, each machine has an
               | external modem tied to 1 phone line per modem, and there
               | are no internal modems in use. The picture shows 50
               | modems that I can see, and the original article indicates
               | that it's around half of their total setup. Scott notes
               | that they had a T3 (likely a frac T3) with 140 dial-in
               | nodes, which aligns with the articles guess of 134
               | machines.
               | 
               | So I would say that almost definitely, they are using 1
               | (or 2 for some on the right side of the photo) external
               | modem per PC connected to the 66 block, those analog
               | phone blocks tied back to the channel bank/multiplexer,
               | and the carrier's T3 tied in there.
               | 
               | No internal modems used at all.
               | 
               | And the person who posted the photo on twitter is none
               | other than Scott Miller, founder of Apogee Software,
               | publisher of some of the most revolutionary games of the
               | late 80's and early 90's, and this BBS (Software
               | Creations) was the cornerstone of distributing the
               | shareware versions of those games. Very cool bit of
               | history, I remember dialing in to Software Creations to
               | download Commander Keen!
        
         | xenadu02 wrote:
         | "usually" and "typically" are doing a lot of heavy lifting here
         | :)
         | 
         | Access to knowledge, equipment, and budget varied dramatically
         | prior to widespread internet access. Someone setting up a BBS
         | might not even know about multi-line modem cards or serial port
         | expansions. Even if they knew about them they may not have been
         | able to reasonably obtain them. Or they may have been operating
         | on donations, surplus, or discount equipment. Or they simply
         | may not have had the luxury of time to research all of that as
         | user demand meant they were too busy laying tracks in front of
         | the train.
         | 
         | Many BBSes ran on 1-2 lines per PC because that's what they
         | understood how to build or the hardware they had access to. You
         | might be surprised at just how _many_ lines some BBSes setup
         | this way had!
         | 
         | People forget there was a time that anything outside the
         | standard PC was extremely expensive, often had flaky or
         | nonexistent software support, locked you into a fly-by-night
         | vendor that might go out of business tomorrow, was only
         | available via a distributor who wanted to have you talk to a
         | "sales consultant" before they'd sell you something, etc. Many
         | many people chose sub-optimal implementations because it was an
         | off-the-shelf PC they could replace at any time with trivially
         | simple software requiring no special CONFIG.SYS drivers or TSRs
         | to fiddle with. Especially if you'd ever been burned
         | previously.
        
       | Aardwolf wrote:
       | Office chair technology also has really advanced since then
       | (looking at the chair on the picture, which is commonly seen near
       | computers in photos of this era)
        
         | wvbdmp wrote:
         | Indeed, the Aeron chair, which became a design classic and the
         | apparently the best-selling office chair ever in the US, only
         | came out in 1994. So about the same time as the web. Not sure
         | if it's the only office chair design with a dedicated wikipedia
         | page? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeron_chair
        
           | voidUpdate wrote:
           | Depends, is the deck of a battleship an "office"?
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emeco_1006
           | 
           | Theres also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirra_chair.
           | (wikipedia has a page for "list of chairs", but not all of
           | them have a dedicated article)
        
           | fusslo wrote:
           | probably my least-regretted purchase (excepting my dog) is my
           | used Aeron that I bought in ~2014 for $300. Still use it
           | daily
        
       | Vaslo wrote:
       | I remember trying to set up a bbs on my pc in the 80s and I
       | didn't have a separate phone line so I just put it on while I
       | slept. Then people started calling and annoying my parents with
       | daytime modem calls, because I was like 10 and I didn't think
       | through any of this.
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | I set up a uh war dialer around the same age over night and my
         | mom got some pretty upset calls the next day.
         | 
         | She had no idea who these people were or why they were upset. I
         | don't think I copped to it, it was not an easy thing to explain
         | but I did not do that again.
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | Would love a technical explanation of how all that stuff worked
       | by someone who did that kind of stuff in those days. In the old
       | days I personally never saw anything bigger than a four line BBS.
       | But I remember reading about that one in shareware README.TXT
       | files
       | 
       | Wouldn't mind hearing war stories from the cdrom.com guys as
       | well.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | https://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9904/08/cdrom.idg/ and
         | https://forums.civfanatics.com/threads/wow-what-a-system-ftp...
         | I'm not aware of any others with more details and war stories.
        
       | crmd wrote:
       | In the 90's we had microsystems, in the 2020s we have
       | microservices.
        
         | saltyoldman wrote:
         | In 2030 we'll have microagents
        
       | dublin wrote:
       | If they were really badass, they had a rack of Telebit modems.
       | (Telebit made 68020 based modems that did 56+ Kbps long before a
       | 56K standard, and literally had more compute power than most of
       | the computers they were connected to.)
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | (2022)
       | 
       | Some more discussion then:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30096565
        
       | gxd wrote:
       | Those were the days. I still believe nothing replaces the
       | camraderie of the small, local BBSs. The large ones were good
       | too, but these tended to resemble the modern Internet forums a
       | bit more.
       | 
       | I miss BBSs and that's why I featured them in the story of my
       | sci-fi game! If you are interested:
       | https://store.steampowered.com/app/3040110/Outsider/
        
         | joemi wrote:
         | I go back and forth on whether BBSes were better or AOL was
         | better. I had great experiences on both in my formative years.
        
           | calmbonsai wrote:
           | For me it was BBSes hands-down.
           | 
           | I was user #12 on the Bloom County BBS and, eventually, got
           | the coveted sysop perms.
           | 
           | It felt far more of an "adult" accomplishment than (much
           | later) when I got my driver's license.
        
         | yourapostasy wrote:
         | _> ...nothing replaces the camraderie of the small, local
         | BBSs._
         | 
         | Nothing quite replaces the drama level and drama complexity of
         | the small, local BBSs. Especially when the denizens met in the
         | big room with the blue ceiling.
        
           | mrexcess wrote:
           | Disagree only in the sense that I think the drama escalated a
           | bit in the interregnum, as the BBS scene merged into one
           | large if fragmentary collective on the internet. Empirical
           | evidence for that extreme level of drama and complexity here:
           | 
           | https://www.wired.com/2001/12/sexchart-degrees-of-separation
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | For a similar nostalgic hit:
       | 
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Ask HN: Remember Fidonet?_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47321760
        
         | EmmEff wrote:
         | I'm enjoying the nostalgia on HN this week!
        
       | SirFatty wrote:
       | I used to dial into that BBS... long distance. It had a huge
       | library of shareware.
       | 
       | https://groups.google.com/g/bit.listserv.games-l/c/1tg85kGBH...
        
         | joemi wrote:
         | Same here! This brings me back. And makes me feel old. Dialing
         | the big BBSes like this one were rare special occasions for me,
         | due to the cost of long distance.
        
         | pelcg wrote:
         | Same! Really appreciate this find, thanks!
        
       | yarone wrote:
       | Ahh BBS's: where I learned the difference between a local call
       | and a "local toll call" (parents were not happy)
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | Reminds me of the Notorious B.I.G. line "phone bill about 2G's
         | flat"!
        
         | leptons wrote:
         | Same here, except I took it further and was calling out of
         | state BBSs to download the latest warez. First phone bill after
         | getting the modem was $250, in around 1984 (or about $800 in
         | 2026). Parents were pissed. That's when I learned about phone
         | phreaking.
        
           | herodoturtle wrote:
           | > That's when I learned about phone phreaking.
           | 
           | "And never again have to pay for a service that would be dirt
           | cheap, if it weren't run by a bunch of profiteering
           | gluttons!"
           | 
           | - Razor & Blade
        
       | bch wrote:
       | > do you think "wow, cool, they got to wrangle all of that", or
       | do you think "OMG they _had_ to wrangle all of that "?
       | 
       | I touch on similar point of view discussing digital audio work I
       | do for fun. I use CSound, which I've heard described as "assembly
       | language for audio", and I think that's accurate.
       | 
       | Anyway, when I first, FIRST started, and got a tiny bit familiar,
       | I thought "Wow, I can do _anything_! " but quickly realized I was
       | also _responsible_ for _everything_. No free lunch.
        
       | mehrdadrad wrote:
       | Wow, I used to dial into BBS for around 3-4 years. good time!!
        
       | throw0101d wrote:
       | > _It 's possible they managed to do some rudimentary
       | multitasking with DESQview (or worse...) and so supported two
       | whole users with each box. Does that mean they had to be at least
       | 386s to do protected mode? Or was it virtual 8086 mode? I
       | (fortunately) have forgotten the finer points of how that stuff
       | used to work. I DO remember how damn crashy a box became when you
       | ran it "under DV". Constant system freezes. Yep._
       | 
       | I don't recall DESQview to be all that crashy. I was aware of a
       | number multi-line BBSes that used it (just in the 416). Some BBS
       | software called out its use specifically:
       | 
       | * https://www.synchro.net/docs/multnode_config.html
       | 
       | * http://software.bbsdocumentary.com/IBM/DOS/OMEGA/
       | 
       | Also, a comment from someone whose uncle co-founded the company
       | Quarterdeck:
       | 
       | * https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29396561#unv_29400530
       | 
       | Also, also, if anyone wants to simulate the old-school DESQview
       | experience, perhaps try out "twin":
       | 
       | * https://opensource.com/article/20/1/multiple-consoles-twin
       | 
       | * https://github.com/cosmos72/twin
        
         | bink wrote:
         | DESQview was absolutely not crashy. I ran several different
         | types of BBS software in it without issues. The "DESQview (or
         | worse...)" comment raised the hair on the back of my neck.
         | DESQview was revolutionary at the time and I was annoyed at
         | having to use Windows many years later.
         | 
         | ASCII windows may not have been everyone's cup of tea but I
         | loved it.
        
           | EmmEff wrote:
           | I recall running Opus (or maybe the predecessor whose name
           | escapes me) under DESQview on my lousy XT clone. I don't
           | recall it being crashy but it certainly didn't have enough
           | horsepower to handle the BBS software and an interactive DOS
           | window.
           | 
           | I couldn't afford a second machine in those days and having
           | to sacrifice my one and only PC for the full-time BBS wasn't
           | fun :)
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _DESQview was revolutionary at the time and I was annoyed
           | at having to use Windows many years later._
           | 
           | I remember running Win3.11 with-in a DESQview window (and
           | IIRC there was a full-screen mode as well).
        
         | driverdan wrote:
         | I used DESQview with my BBS. It only had one line but I ran a
         | second local node so I could be online at the same time as my
         | users. I don't remember ever having any problems with it.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | Does BBS still have a usage nowadays? I feel HN is not too
       | different -- and actually offer less than a BBS -- back then
       | there are a lot of goods on a large BBS. And it's easier to mix a
       | pic with text, but I could be wrong.
       | 
       | Also thinking it's a lot environmental easier to host a BBS than
       | a Discord server.
        
       | KevinF_ wrote:
       | How do you dislike a post
        
         | Bengalilol wrote:
         | You need 500 karma for this
        
       | CrzyLngPwd wrote:
       | There is so much speculation in the OP that I am not even sure if
       | the title is correct.
        
       | neoCrimeLabs wrote:
       | This makes me wish I took photos of Diversi-Dial (aka D-Dial)
       | setups, which somehow impressed me more due to how much they
       | accomplished with much much less hardware.
       | 
       | They were able to set up a 7 x 300baud modems in real-time chat
       | system on an Apple ][ . The original marketing called it a CB
       | (Citizens Band) Simulator. They were able to run up to 1200baud,
       | but I never saw one of those functioning.
       | 
       | As if 7 people chatting through a single 6502 wasn't impressive
       | enough, many of them dedicated one or two of their lines to
       | interlinking with other D-dials.
       | 
       | Talk about an esoteric memory.
       | 
       | - https://www.ddial.com/ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversi-
       | Dial
        
         | vinniedkator wrote:
         | And the larger ddial sysops would daisy chain multiple Apple
         | IIes together. A connector would take up one port on each
         | machine. Two machine would give you 12 modems. Each new machine
         | after the second would add space for 5 modems (-1 on old
         | machine, +6 on new machine). For the sysop it was a big
         | investment for very little, if any, monetary reward. I remember
         | a user account would cost $5 a month.
         | 
         | Our ddial was a few towns away so we bought a line in the
         | exchange in between that would forward to the ddial. This way
         | we would not pay a bunch on long distance calls.
        
       | Bengalilol wrote:
       | Apogee was somehow part of the party <
       | https://x.com/ScottApogee/status/1593729387106512896>
        
         | SirFatty wrote:
         | Because of the shareware distribution. A lot of Apogee software
         | was shareware (free).
        
       | hackthemack wrote:
       | If the site is not responding, can always try the way back
       | machine.
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20220207120422/https://rachelbyt...
       | 
       | I remember dialing up to a BBS in the area in 1990 that had 4
       | phone lines. That was amazing at the time when most BBS only had
       | 1 line.
       | 
       | But I do remember downloading text files FILE.IDZ about other
       | BBS, and reading some magazines that mentioned other BBS systems
       | that had 32 and more phone lines but you had to pay. That seemed
       | like it was just on another level in another part of the world
       | that seemed like fantasy compared to the area I was in.
        
       | asdefghyk wrote:
       | Brings back memories ...
       | 
       | Boardwatch was the magazine for BBS ( I do not know of any
       | others)
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boardwatch
       | 
       | Some all? on internet archive
       | https://archive.org/details/boardwatchmagazine I recall buyingthe
       | magazine back inthe day...
        
       | johnohara wrote:
       | Not mentioned but very important was the number of inbound telco
       | lines installed. Equally important was making sure the local
       | phone company properly configured the hunt group for those lines.
       | Without a properly functioning hunt group it would be very
       | difficult to optimize the allocation of telco connections to all
       | the users connecting and disconnecting.
       | 
       | Also, it was unusual at the time for a local phone company to
       | receive a request for 25 lines (or more) to be installed in the
       | basement of a residence. They would generally push back thinking
       | you were running a bookie operation or some such.
        
       | asdefghyk wrote:
       | How did they keep the room cool? that equipment must not be
       | shown... Maybe fans to move the hot air ....
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | If it's like the old ISPs I was familiar with, they didn't. The
         | POP (point-of-presence, 100's of modems, plus several terminal
         | servers, routers, etc.) would generally be in some basement
         | without any cooling at all. There would literally be warped
         | plastic.
        
         | gzread wrote:
         | It helps these computers didn't use much power, probably didn't
         | even have much of a heatsink on the CPU. Someone in this thread
         | quoted 3 watts for the CPU. Of course with this many of them
         | you might be using something like a kilowatt (for all the
         | components) which is enough to make a room quite warm, but not
         | damaging. Think about a kilowatt space heater - it's not really
         | dangerous to things that don't directly touch it.
        
       | asdefghyk wrote:
       | FROM
       | https://x.com/ScottApogee/status/1593729387106512896?sort_re...
       | 
       | Top comment about this photo is ( and the poster) Scott Miller -
       | Apogee/3D Realms Founder @ScottApogee BBS's (bulletin board
       | systems) were the backbone of the online world before the
       | Internet came along in 1995. Apogee teamed up with Dan Linton's
       | BBS, called Software Creations, and we poured $200k+ into it to
       | grow it to nearly 140 call-in nodes with a T3 (high bandwidth)
       | line.
        
       | tcherasaro wrote:
       | Nice computer "racks"
        
       | Scubabear68 wrote:
       | My roommate circa 1989 had a bunch of Apple II's with multiple
       | modem cards per machine to run a bulletin board. Not sure why an
       | Apple II could support multiple users logging into the BBS via
       | multiple modems but DOS based machines could not.
        
       | esseph wrote:
       | > So then, when you see this picture (and remember, it might only
       | be showing half of the whole setup), do you think "wow, cool,
       | they got to wrangle all of that", or do you think "OMG they _had_
       | to wrangle all of that "? It's an important distinction to make,
       | and I think someone's gut reaction to this amount of hardware in
       | one place might influence how they approach building new systems.
       | 
       | Definitely in the "wow, cool, they got to wrangle all of that"
       | camp!
       | 
       | I remember dialing up to this BBS quite a bit, and I also
       | remember downloading tons of demos from other BBSs that
       | originally came from SCBBS!
        
       | myth_drannon wrote:
       | I imagine Rusty 'n' Edie's BBS was double of that
        
         | EmmEff wrote:
         | There's a name from the past... according to the Wikipedia
         | article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusty_n_Edie%27s_BBS,
         | they _only_ had 124 dial-in lines.
        
       | pier25 wrote:
       | You could probably replace all those machines with a Mac Mini or
       | even a Raspberry Pi.
        
       | api wrote:
       | The pre-Internet BBS era is something I remember fondly. I was a
       | kid, so there's that halo effect of course, but I loved the indie
       | DIY nature of it and the diversity and community you'd get.
       | 
       | There's a site called textfiles.com that's kind of a museum, and
       | a documentary you can find on YouTube. There's stuff on
       | archive.org too.
       | 
       | It wasn't actually that long of an era. The first modern BBS was
       | probably CBBS in Chicago in 1978, though there's other claimants
       | depending on how you define BBS. When the Internet started to go
       | mainstream in the middle 1990s, the BBS scene died shockingly
       | quickly. So it lasted a little under 20 years, probably 17 or 18.
       | 
       | The glory days of it were probably from about 1985 until 1995. By
       | 1985 you started to have PCs and modems good enough to make it a
       | pleasure to use and cheap enough (and with a used after-market)
       | to achieve significant penetration and enable less wealthy and
       | kids to get online. By 1995 the Internet was starting to kill it.
       | 
       | I read a lot of rosy stuff about how people behaved so much
       | better back then, and some of that is BS. There were trolls,
       | weirdos, creeps, racists, black hat hackers that would mess with
       | you, and malware that would mess up your machine. There were
       | flame wars and sectarian splits where a bunch of users on a BBS
       | would leave for a different one. There was junk content, filler,
       | and nasty stuff like CSAM around.
       | 
       | I would, however, say that the signal to noise ratio was a lot
       | better than modern social media and the modern SEO-trashed web.
       | The big difference is that these systems did not have algorithms
       | biasing things in this direction. You didn't have an algorithmic
       | feed preferentially surfacing the most idiotic or inflammatory
       | content to get you to get angry about it and "maximize
       | engagement." You didn't have algorithms incentivizing endless
       | amounts of chum to game the rankings. It was easy to just ignore
       | the trolls and morons and creeps and go for the good stuff.
       | 
       | Much of the same can be said of the early pre-socials pre-SEO
       | web.
       | 
       | You also didn't have a lot of money involved, and while money can
       | create productive incentives in a lot of areas it seems to create
       | mostly perverse incentives in media, _especially_ if the money is
       | coming from advertisers rather than consumers of the media.
       | 
       | The original sin is really the time-on-site/time-on-app KPI. It
       | is literally destroying civilization. I don't think that's much
       | of an exaggeration.
       | 
       | All in all it was good times, and I miss the ethos and community
       | and sense of discovery of it.
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | I remember that time fondly also. You are spot on with the
         | glory days. I dialed into my first BBS in 1988 with a 1200 baud
         | modem. By 1995, they were basically dead.
        
       | philxor wrote:
       | I worked for Exec PC internet which evolved from the BBS which
       | was the largest in the US afaik. It ran on somewhat custom PCs
       | where there were I think four nodes per board on bread racks. No
       | cases. Custom software. That BBS was over 250 lines at one point.
       | I remember hearing stories the room with the modems, a lot of
       | Couriers near the end, was so hot they would have to replace dead
       | ones every week.
        
         | Ranxer wrote:
         | ExecPC had shelves of Couriers and at some point they were just
         | bare modem cards not in indiviual cases. It was impressive to
         | see.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | I worked for an ISP that was racks and racks of bare couriers
           | with lucent portmasters.
        
       | anyfoo wrote:
       | Awesome.
       | 
       | Side note: virtual 8086 mode was protected mode, or rather,
       | implied protected mode. A task could run in virtual 8086 mode
       | where to the task it was (mostly) looking like it was running in
       | real mode, when in actuality the kernel was running in full
       | protected mode.
       | 
       | Note that the "kernel" was never DOS. It could often actually be
       | a so called "memory manager", like EMM386, and the actual DOS OS
       | (the entire thing, including apps, not just the DOS "kernel")
       | would run as a sole vm86 task, without any other tasks. The
       | memory manager was then serving DOS with a lot of the 386 32 bit
       | goodness through a straw, effectively.
       | 
       | It's very bizarre from today's (or even back then's) OS
       | standards, and evolved that way because compatibility.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | Is it so bizarre from today's perspective? Virtualization and
         | hypervisors are commonplace.
        
           | anyfoo wrote:
           | The virtualization itself is not the bizarre part. The
           | bizarre part is where the actual OS is 16 bit and runs as the
           | singular "task" of a thin 32 bit layer that merely calls
           | itself a "memory manager". The details of that machinery
           | (segmentation, DPMI, ...) are quite a sight to behold. And
           | it's all because of how PCs evolved at that time, and because
           | we needed to keep running DOS and still wanted to make use of
           | all the extra memory that wouldn't fit into its address
           | space.
        
       | empressplay wrote:
       | So, a number of different BBS servers supported multiple incoming
       | lines (effectively multitasking inside of the BBS server
       | application itself, not by running multiple copies of the
       | software on the same machine), typically up to 8 in one machine
       | either using a special communications card that connected to a
       | number of external modems or by stuffing internal modems into as
       | many ISA slots as you can (typically up to 6 so you still had IO
       | and video, 7 if you ran 'headless'.)
       | 
       | Some BBS servers also supported multiple instances by connecting
       | to a master server, which supplied dynamic content such as chat,
       | forum messages and e-mails or door game data to all of the other
       | machines. In large markets a BBS having dozens of lines was not
       | uncommon.
        
       | beloch wrote:
       | "Imagine how much power those things used. Every watt of heat
       | they dumped into the room then had to be pumped out, so that
       | means a corresponding amount of air conditioning to take it
       | outside. That seems like a whole mess of juice to me. "
       | 
       | --------------
       | 
       | A 286 used around 3 Watts of power, while a current generation PC
       | PCU uses upwards of 150 W. That's a factor of _fifty_. That 's
       | not even factoring in the GPU's, which these computers would have
       | lacked.
       | 
       | This room was neither quiet or cool. While the CPU's were
       | comparatively low power back then, all the other stuff (modems in
       | particular) would have put out a lot more heat than their modern
       | equivalents. However, this room could realistically have been in
       | somebody's residential home basement without any exotic A/C
       | measures. Maybe a wall-mounted unit or two. It would not have
       | pumped out nearly as much heat or consumed as much power as
       | modern gear of equivalent volume.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | Indeed, a single high-end desktop today at full load would
         | probably use more power than everything in that room.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Well, it's truth but not the whole truth.
         | 
         | An IBM AT was capable of consuming nearly 200W [1]. Of course a
         | typical machine would not consume as much, because it did not
         | have its RAM and disk slots maxed out. The CPU indeed consumed
         | around 3W, and normally even lacked a radiator.
         | 
         | A modern PC can consume large amounts of power, mostly
         | determined by the appetites of the GPU. But here is plenty of
         | desktop CPUs with 65W and even 45W TDP, and a typical recent
         | Intel or AMD CPU would consume 3-5W when idle. A quite powerful
         | ARM A7 based system, such as an Orange Pi 5, would draw < 15W
         | under maximum load, likely providing more compute and I/O than
         | that whole room on the photo.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_AT#Power...
        
           | beloch wrote:
           | People's intuition is based on what a rack in a typical
           | modern data centre would be like. i.e. High end server CPUs
           | and multiple GPU's per box, which really should be factored
           | in since they're the bulk of the power draw and heat
           | production. Put a few of these in your basement and you're
           | going to need special cooling and power solutions.
           | 
           | The pictured room is _not_ full of high-performance computing
           | machines, even for the day. (HPC was ruled by mainframes back
           | then, although if this picture was taken well into the
           | obsolescence of the room, high-end workstations (e.g. Silicon
           | Graphics and Sun) may have been gaining on them for some
           | applications.) This room was built for getting a couple
           | hundred callers networked into a BBS where they could access
           | the same files, text chat, and perhaps even MUD a little.
           | This was a fundamentally different beast.
        
       | t1234s wrote:
       | For anyone that enjoyed door games, Grok will simulate L.O.R.D.
       | for you.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | _It 's possible they managed to do some rudimentary multitasking
       | with DESQview (or worse...)_
       | 
       | There were even hypervisors available, such as VM/386:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VM/386
       | 
       | https://virtuallyfun.com/2023/06/13/re-visiting-vm-386/
        
       | radar1310 wrote:
       | I think the standard BBS modem for most BBS's was the US Robotics
       | brand if I'm not mistaken.
       | 
       | My first modem was a Supra 2400 baud, then thinking about all the
       | speed I would have with my new 56.6. My first hard drive was a 20
       | meg, new it was $320. 20 megs $320 kids, imagine that.
       | 
       | That was for my wonderful brand new Amiga 500. Those were the
       | days.
        
       | mansilladev wrote:
       | Anyone else still remember old BBS phone numbers? I've got
       | several stuck in my head from 40 odd years ago, but I can barely
       | remember my kids' cell numbers.
        
         | opello wrote:
         | I assume, at least for me, it's because I typed them in many,
         | many more times.
        
         | ASUfool wrote:
         | I still remember the number for Bob's Answering Machine in
         | Phoenix, one of the local Fidonet-connected BBS's.
         | 
         | But oddly, at the same time, I was running a WBBS ( _wave to
         | Mr. W. Conrad, the author_ ) as a local dual 360K floppy PC-XT
         | BBS, I don't recall my OWN phone number for it.
        
       | pwrrr wrote:
       | I miss those times
        
       | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
       | >> So then, when you see this picture (and remember, it might
       | only be showing half of the whole setup), do you think "wow,
       | cool, they got to wrangle all of that", or do you think "OMG they
       | _had_ to wrangle all of that "? It's an important distinction to
       | make, and I think someone's gut reaction to this amount of
       | hardware in one place might influence how they approach building
       | new systems.
       | 
       | It's a very good point. Like, I have some stuff that eats up RAM
       | like a, a very hungry thing, so I went online to see if I could
       | buy some old server blade with a couple TB of RAM from ebay. I
       | found a few, refurbished, not in a horrible condition, not
       | prohibitively expensive (I'm not currently funded, as such) and I
       | remember this distinct feeling, like a frisson of excitement at
       | the thought of having access to ~20 times more POWER than I
       | usually have...
       | 
       | ... and then I cooled down, didn't buy a server, and instead
       | rented one with "only" 256 GB RAM until I could fix my stuff so
       | that it now runs with up to 8GB on my laptop. Still expensive,
       | but we're getting there.
       | 
       | Morale of the story: don't know. I prefer to find ways to make
       | software go faster than rely on hardware? I get the feeling I'm
       | very alone on this, seeing as everyone's talking about putting
       | nuclear-powered server farms in space and whatnot.
        
       | wjnc wrote:
       | Nobody mentioned the smell of that time yet.
       | 
       | An acrid air, stingy for the first few seconds but then somewhat
       | enjoyable because of the ozon. The smell of stale coffee and
       | cigarettes lingering. The smell of wood for cabinets (instead of
       | pressed and glued materials).
       | 
       | This is how I remember the university where my father worked
       | (more coffee), the teachers room from my moms school (more
       | cigarettes) and the IT department of the university (very strong
       | in the 'IT-smell', but also hard on coffee and sigarettes).
       | 
       | You don't find those smells like that anymore. I'll leave the
       | description of the sound in this room to the next one. This was a
       | loud room!
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | You forget the toxic brominated flame retardents. No, I don't
         | miss that smell so much.
        
       | shagie wrote:
       | From my days... this is what an old photo of a "proper" BBS
       | looked like https://beeline.org/beeline/?view=a29ed68f4f4d53
       | (note the wire wrapped custom modem controller) - the description
       | is "Original Apple IIe with 11 modems and two 4-port homemade
       | serial cards"
       | 
       | And to keep better time,
       | https://beeline.org/beeline/?view=c0a8000daa11ca
       | 
       | It was later upgraded to a 486
       | https://beeline.org/beeline/?view=188870d0bbc894
        
         | timthorn wrote:
         | And a Televideo 910. Keyboard with added reverb :)
        
           | flopsamjetsam wrote:
           | Ah, I was wondering what that was. My knowledge of terminals
           | is not good (I just guess VT100 for everything :)
        
         | officeplant wrote:
         | Yeah this is a lot closer to the home BBS I grew up around. We
         | had 20+ phone lines coming into our house all in a bundle going
         | through the attic and dropping down into my dads "office"
         | within the house. That led to a shelf full of modems, where I
         | had to go find an inactive one and shut it off to free up a
         | line. All so I could go turn on the modem in my room, because
         | it was time to play a game with a friend across town.
         | 
         | Over time the BBS grew into us being a local dialup ISP as my
         | Dad dug deeper into self employeement in the computer age.
        
         | flopsamjetsam wrote:
         | I fully appreciate the horizontal "stack" of modems underneath
         | the desk in the second photo :)
        
           | shagie wrote:
           | Power strips next to them in that photo are fun too.
        
             | flopsamjetsam wrote:
             | An absolute mess of cords!
        
       | stevetron wrote:
       | Here's a memory: My old Fido-net system, running on a 386, with a
       | single phone line. Connected to a Microcom 34Kbaud modem.
       | 
       | Everything is chugging on, and connects to another system further
       | up the chain at 2 am for network traffic. Except he's on a new
       | phone number, on a new exchange in the state. A 914 exchange.
       | Only the phone company's updates haven't reached all of the
       | telephone switching centers in the sate. Somehow, it was re-
       | routed to 911 services, and I had the police and fire department
       | at the front door responding to a 'silent call'. They went away
       | unhappy. I wasn't very happy either.
        
       | ralferoo wrote:
       | From the follow-up article:
       | https://rachelbythebay.com/w/2022/01/27/scale/
       | 
       | "If you are sticking with the 2022 equivalent of MS-DOS and
       | machines that do exactly one thing at a time, then yeah, you are
       | going to have a whole fleet of systems all sitting there busy-
       | waiting on something stupid."
       | 
       | "Don't recreate the basement full of PCs when the problem can
       | actually be solved with a single box sitting in a cabinet
       | somewhere."
       | 
       | If they really were just PCs to act as a modem-to-network bridge,
       | this seems to be remarkably cost-inefficient. I remember around
       | 1997 helping the university chuck out a few serial line
       | concentrators (no idea what they were actually called), each of
       | which had 32x RS-232 ports that worked up to 19200 baud and a
       | 10Mbit coax network connection at the back. The on-board computer
       | (wouldn't be at all surprised if it was much more than a 68000 or
       | two) interfaced with all the serial ports and translated it to
       | telnet on a remote machine. You could also send it an escape code
       | and then via a primitive command line connect to any arbitrary IP
       | address and port over TCP. I remember in my student days (so
       | maybe 1995) using finger and SMTP directly from these text
       | terminals without actually logging on.
       | 
       | No idea when these became available, but we were chucking them
       | out in 1997 or 1998 as we were upgrading the labs of text
       | terminals to PCs, so they probably at least a decade old by then.
        
         | gzread wrote:
         | The BBS software itself would have likely ran on the PCs, one
         | instance per simultaneous user, and because it's a single-
         | tasking OS, that means one simultaneous user per PC. They
         | aren't just bridging packets to a single central multi-user
         | server that serves everyone.
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | Not necessarily. DOS multi-taskers like DESQview and TopView
           | existed. You didn't even need a 386.
        
             | joezydeco wrote:
             | Okay, but what did you use for a multiuser backend database
             | back then? One that could handle multiple threads reading
             | and writing to it? A lot of these old BBS systems were just
             | slapping together endless directories of flat text files.
        
               | icedchai wrote:
               | DOS / Desqview support filesystem locking with
               | "share.exe." Honestly I am not sure how well this worked,
               | but I knew guys who ran multi-line BBSes under DOS and
               | Desqview (and later OS/2) without issue.
               | 
               | Even with multiple PCs you would also have similar
               | "shared filesystem" issues. You'd need some sort of
               | fileserver and a shared, network drive. Novell was
               | popular at the time.
        
       | mark-r wrote:
       | So are those just regular bookcases that the computers are
       | stacked on?
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Time is a flat circle.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47204799
        
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