[HN Gopher] My Homelab Setup
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       My Homelab Setup
        
       Author : photon_collider
       Score  : 97 points
       Date   : 2026-03-08 16:46 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bryananthonio.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bryananthonio.com)
        
       | kleebeesh wrote:
       | Neat!
       | 
       | > Right now, accessing my apps requires typing in the IP address
       | of my machine (or Tailscale address) together with the app's port
       | number.
       | 
       | You might try running Nginx as an application, and configure it
       | as a reverse proxy to the other apps. In your router config you
       | can setup foo.home and bar.home to point to the Nginx IP address.
       | And then the Nginx config tells it to redirect foo.home to
       | IP:8080 and bar.home to IP:9090. That's not a thorough
       | explanation but I'm sure you can plug this into an LLM and it'll
       | spell it out for you.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | Caddy is increasingly popular these days too. I use both and
         | cannot decide which I prefer.
        
           | victorio wrote:
           | Caddy's configuration is so simple and straightforward, I
           | love it. For sure a more comfortable experience for simple
           | setups
        
             | verdverm wrote:
             | The pain I've had with it is distributed configuration,
             | i.e. multiple projects that want to config rules. I've been
             | using the JSON API rather than their DSL.
             | 
             | Do you know how I might approach this better?
        
             | hk1337 wrote:
             | I like Caddy's integration with Cloudflare for handling SSL
             | and when I originally saw the idea it was promoted as an
             | easy way to have SSL for a homely but I don't use real
             | domains for my internal apps and that is required with
             | Cloudflare.
        
               | cyberpunk wrote:
               | caddy has tailscale integration i think too, so your
               | foo.bar.ts.net "just works"
        
           | windexh8er wrote:
           | I think most homelabbers default to Caddy and/or Traefik
           | these days. Nginx is still around with projects like NPM (the
           | _other_ NPM), but Caddy and Traefik are far more capable.
           | 
           | DevOpsToolbox did a great video on many of the reasons why
           | Caddy is so great (including performance) [0]. I think the
           | only downside with Caddy right now is still how plugins work.
           | Beyond that, however it's either Caddy or Traefik depending
           | on my use case. Traefik is so easy to plug in and forget
           | about and Caddy just has a ton of flexibility and ease of
           | setup for quick solutions.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Inu5VhrO1rE
        
             | verdverm wrote:
             | _far_ more capable is an exaggeration
             | 
             | I use both, they are by and large substitutable. Nginx has
             | a much larger knowledge base and ecosystem, the main reason
             | I stick with it.
        
               | philsnow wrote:
               | I agree with you that they're more or less equal. I don't
               | like the idea of my reverse proxy dealing with
               | letsencrypt for me, personally, but that's just a
               | preference.
               | 
               | One tricky thing about nginx though, from the "If is
               | evil" nginx wiki [0]:
               | 
               | > The if directive is part of the rewrite module which
               | evaluates instructions imperatively. On the other hand,
               | NGINX configuration in general is declarative. At some
               | point due to user demand, an attempt was made to enable
               | some non-rewrite directives inside if, and this led to
               | the situation we have now.
               | 
               | I use nginx for homelab things because my use-cases are
               | simple, but I've run into issues at work with nginx in
               | the past because of the above.
               | 
               | [0] https://nginx-wiki.getpagespeed.com/config/if-is-evil
        
               | dwedge wrote:
               | I'm not sure why Apache is so unpopular, it can also
               | function as a reverse proxy and doesn't have the weird
               | configuration issues nginx has.
               | 
               | Some people take this way too far, for instance I've send
               | places compiling (end of life) modsec support into nginx
               | instead of using the webserver it was built for
        
         | Frotag wrote:
         | IME androids dont respect static routes published by the
         | router. I guess self hosting DNS might be more robust but I
         | usually just settle for bookmarking the ip:port
        
         | frumiousirc wrote:
         | This (reverse proxy) is essentially what "tailscale serve"
         | does.
        
         | c-hendricks wrote:
         | Also recommending using a DNS server that points `*.yourdomain`
         | do your reverse proxy's IP. That way requests skip going
         | outside your network and helps for ISPs that don't work with
         | "loopback" DNS (quotes because I don't know the proper term)
         | 
         | You can then set your DNS in Tailscale to that machines tailnet
         | IP and access your servers when away without having to open any
         | ports.
         | 
         | And bonus, if it's pihole for dns you now get network-level
         | Adblock both in and outside the home.
        
         | mnahkies wrote:
         | Personally I'm using haproxy for this purpose, with Lego to
         | generate wildcard SSL certs using DNS validation on a public
         | domain, then running coredns configured in the tailnet DNS
         | resolvers to serve A records for internal names on a subdomain
         | of the public one.
         | 
         | I've found this to work quite well, and the SSL whilst somewhat
         | meaningless from a security pov since the traffic was already
         | encrypted by wire guard, makes the web browser happy so still
         | worthwhile.
        
         | anon7000 wrote:
         | Or just use Tailscale serve to put the app on a subdomain
        
         | pajamasam wrote:
         | This worked for me to get subdomains and TLS certificates
         | working on a similar setup: https://blog.mni.li/posts/internal-
         | tls-with-caddy/
        
         | ls612 wrote:
         | The part you are leaving out is that you also need to set up
         | something like a pihole (which you can just run in a container
         | on the homelab rather than on a pi) to do the local DNS
         | resolution.
        
       | navigate8310 wrote:
       | Why are you using restic, when TrueNAS offers native solutions to
       | backup your data elsewhere?
        
         | PunchyHamster wrote:
         | exactly because it isn't trueNAS specific I'd imagine
        
       | sgt wrote:
       | This is extremely light - not a bad setup, but I mean.. it's like
       | 1% of typical Homelabs.
        
         | switchbak wrote:
         | It feels like day 2 after you've received the new hard drives.
         | It's nice, modern enough but still a pretty bog standard home
         | machine, not really "homelab" territory yet.
        
           | sgt wrote:
           | Exactly. And I don't mind this being on the HN front page,
           | but I'd like to see some proper Homelab setups here. Maybe
           | someone can post the coolest setup they've seen so far?
        
           | akerl_ wrote:
           | Why do we need to gatekeep "homelab"?
        
             | PunchyHamster wrote:
             | Terms making defined sense aid in conversation.
             | 
             | Why do you need to dilute the term? There is nothing wrong
             | with your NAS running 3 apps that you press update once a
             | year not being called "homelab" but just "a NAS"
        
               | anon7000 wrote:
               | I think if you're playing around with apps & Tailscale on
               | your NAS, it's a homelab.
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | > Why do you need to dilute the term?
               | 
               | Nobody is diluting anything. This person posted the setup
               | they have in their home. It's their homelab.
               | 
               | It's not diluting any terms for them to call it that.
               | Their setup is just as much a homelab as somebody else's
               | 48U rack.
               | 
               | It's just a dick move, and against the rules of the site,
               | to see somebody's earnest post about their tech setup and
               | post a shallow dismissal about how their setup isn't
               | deserving of your imagined barrier to entry.
        
               | PunchyHamster wrote:
               | They are not researching anything. They just want to have
               | few things running.
               | 
               | The whole idea of homelab (regardless of size) is
               | learning first.
               | 
               | He just have home server. It's okay to call it that
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | Oh. Now the imaginary gate is "research"?
        
         | Scene_Cast2 wrote:
         | Of typical homelabs that are posted and discussed.
         | 
         | The online activity of the homelab community leans towards
         | those who treat it as an enjoyable hobby as opposed to a
         | pragmatic solution.
         | 
         | I'm on the other side of the spectrum. Devops is (at best) a
         | neutral activity; I personally do it because I strongly dislike
         | companies being able to do a rug-pull. I don't think you'll see
         | setups like mine too often, as there isn't anything to brag
         | about or to show off.
        
         | HelloUsername wrote:
         | > This is extremely light
         | 
         | I'm curious about its power consumption on idle, average use,
         | and peak.
        
         | skyberrys wrote:
         | I too was wondering what made this a homelab. I appreciate the
         | setup, but from the word lab I was expecting at least an
         | oscilloscope. That being said it has cool features I hadn't
         | known about like the image storing system and at home LLM
         | support.
        
           | tclancy wrote:
           | Deeply suspect it has to do with being in the authors home.
        
         | tclancy wrote:
         | Mother of God, why make this comment? It's the poster's setup
         | and they are happy with it. What possible value could
         | denigrating it do? The ol' ball coach breakin' em down to build
         | em up shtick is gone and I don't miss it.
        
           | sgt wrote:
           | Didn't mean it that way - and for that I apologize. I was
           | just expecting a lot more since it was on the front page.
        
             | tclancy wrote:
             | No worries Sarge and thanks for keeping the kids alive out
             | there.
        
               | sgt wrote:
               | It's a pleasure, Tom! May I call you Tom?
        
               | tclancy wrote:
               | Can't hurt.
        
       | linsomniac wrote:
       | >Because all of my services share the same IP address, my
       | password manager has trouble distinguishing which login to use
       | for each one.
       | 
       | In Bitwarden they allow you to configure the matching algorithm,
       | and switching from the default to "starts with" is what I do when
       | I find that it is matching the wrong entries. So for this case
       | just make sure that the URL for the service includes the port
       | number and switch all items that are matching to "starts with".
       | Though it does pop up a big scary "you probably didn't mean to do
       | this" warning when you switch to "starts with"; would be nice to
       | be able to turn that off.
        
         | dewey wrote:
         | This is always annoying me with 1Password, before that I just
         | always added subdomains but now I'm usually hosting everything
         | behind Tailscale which makes this problem even worse as the
         | differentiation is only the port.
        
           | wrxd wrote:
           | You can still have subdomains with Tailscale. Point them at
           | the tailscale IP address and run a reverse proxy in front of
           | your services
        
             | dewey wrote:
             | Good point, but for simplicity i'd still like 1Password to
             | use the full hostname + port a the primary key and not the
             | hostname.
        
           | domh wrote:
           | You can use tailscale services to do this now:
           | 
           | https://tailscale.com/docs/features/tailscale-services
           | 
           | Then you can access stuff on your tailnet by going to
           | http://service instead of http://ip:port
           | 
           | It works well! Only thing missing now is TLS
        
             | avtar wrote:
             | This would be perfect with TLS. The docs don't make this
             | clear...
             | 
             | > tailscale serve --service=svc:web-server --https=443
             | 127.0.0.1:8080
             | 
             | > http://web-server.<tailnet-name>.ts.net:443/ > |-- proxy
             | http://127.0.0.1:8080
             | 
             | > When you use the tailscale serve command with the HTTPS
             | protocol, Tailscale automatically provisions a TLS
             | certificate for your unique tailnet DNS name.
             | 
             | So is the certificate not valid? The 'Limitations' section
             | doesn't mention anything about TLS either:
             | 
             | https://tailscale.com/docs/features/tailscale-
             | services#limit...
        
           | zackify wrote:
           | tailscale serve 4000 --BG
           | 
           | Problem solved ;)
        
         | lloydatkinson wrote:
         | I wonder why each service doesn't have a different subdomain.
        
           | tylerflick wrote:
           | This is the way. You can even do it with mDNS.
        
           | cortesoft wrote:
           | That's what I do, but you still have to change the default
           | Bitwarden behavior to match on host rather than base domain.
           | 
           | Matching on base domain as the default was surprising to me
           | when I started using Bitwarden... treating subdomains as the
           | same seems dangerous.
        
         | photon_collider wrote:
         | Ah nice! Didn't know that. I'll try that out next time.
        
         | techcode wrote:
         | Setup AdGuard-Home for both blocking ads and internal/split
         | DNS, plus Caddy or another reverse proxy and buy (or
         | recycle/reuse) a domain name so you can get SSL certificates
         | through LetsEncrypt.
         | 
         | You don't need to have any real/public DNS records on that
         | domain, just own the domain so LetsEncrypt can verify and give
         | you SSL certificate(s).
         | 
         | You setup local DNS rewrites in AdGuard - and point all the
         | services/subdomains to your home servers IP, Caddy (or similar)
         | on that server points it to the correct port/container.
         | 
         | With TailScale or similar - you can also configure that all
         | TailScale clients use your AdGuard as DNS - so this can work
         | even outside your home.
         | 
         | Thats how I have e.g.: https://portainer.myhome.top
         | https://jellyfin.myhome.top ...etc...
        
         | brownindian wrote:
         | Could also use Cloudflare tunnels. That way:
         | 
         | 1. your 1password gets a different entry each time for
         | <service>.<yourdomain>.<tld>
         | 
         | 2. you get https for free
         | 
         | 3. Remote access without Tailscale.
         | 
         | 4. Put Cloudflare Access in front of the tunnel, now you have a
         | proper auth via Google or Github.
        
           | mvdtnz wrote:
           | Yeesh, the last thing I want is remote access to my homelab.
        
       | freetonik wrote:
       | The author uses Restic + Backblaze B2 storage. I was recently
       | setting up backups for my homebase as well, and went with Restic
       | + BorgBase [0]. Not affiliated, just wanted to share that I think
       | they have a nice service with a straight-forward pricing model.
       | They are the company behind excellent Pikapods [1], which may be
       | interesting to the homelab crowd.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.borgbase.com
       | 
       | [1] https://www.pikapods.com
        
         | natterangell wrote:
         | I also use backrest/restic on my NAS, but I went with a Hetzner
         | StorageBox instead, a little cheaper for 1TB (I pay 5USD
         | monthly including VAT, billed monthly too).
        
           | reddalo wrote:
           | Me too, I highly recommend Hetzner Storage Box. It's cheap,
           | and it works great (unlike their S3-compatible storage, which
           | has been a huge fiasco since they launched it).
        
             | bluehatbrit wrote:
             | Could you elaborate on the issues with their S3 compatible
             | storage? I've been considering it and haven't seen too many
             | issues in my testing, beyond the lack of identity control.
        
       | acidburnNSA wrote:
       | I have something like this, in the same case. I have beefier
       | specs b/c I use it as a daily workstation in addition to running
       | all my stuff.
       | 
       | * nginx with letsencrypt wildcard so I have lots of subdomains
       | 
       | * No tailscale, just pure wireguard between a few family houses
       | and for remote access
       | 
       | * Jellyfin for movies and TV, serving to my Samsung TV via the
       | Tizen jellyfin app
       | 
       | * Mopidy holding my music collection, serving to my home stereo
       | and numerous other speakers around the house via snapcast
       | (raspberry pi 3 as the client)
       | 
       | * Just using ubuntu as the os with ZFS mirroring for NAS, serving
       | over samba and NFS
       | 
       | * Home assistant for home automation, with Zigbee and Z-wave
       | dongles
       | 
       | * Frigate as my NVR, recording from my security cams, doing local
       | object detection, and sending out alerts via Home Assistant
       | 
       | * Forgejo for my personal repository host
       | 
       | * tar1090 hooked to a SDR for local airplane tracking (antenna in
       | attic)
       | 
       | This all pairs nicely with my two openwrt routers, one being the
       | main one and a dumb AP, connected via hardwire trunk line with a
       | bunch of VLANs.
       | 
       | Other things in the house include an iotawatt whole-house energy
       | monitor, a bunch of ESPs running holiday light strips, indoor and
       | outdoor homebrew weather stations with laser particulate sensors
       | and CO2 monitors (alongside the usual sensors), a water-main
       | cutoff (zwave), smart bulbs, door sensors, motion sensors,
       | sirens/doorbells, and a thing that listens for my fire alarm and
       | sends alerts. Oh and I just flashed the pura scent diffuser my
       | wife bought and lobotomized it so it can't talk to the cloud
       | anymore, but I can still automate it.
       | 
       | I love it and have tons of fun fiddling with things.
        
         | pajamasam wrote:
         | Impressive that all that can run on one machine. Mind sharing
         | the specs?
        
           | cyberpunk wrote:
           | You could easily run all of that on a rpi...
        
             | tclancy wrote:
             | No, you definitely can't. Or at least, not 3B+. I wound up
             | buying https://www.amazon.com/ACEMAGICIAN-M1-Computers-
             | Computer-3-2... which was $50 less a month ago (!!) because
             | so many things don't fit well. Immich is amazing, but you
             | wouldn't get a lot of the coolness of it if you can't run
             | the ai bits, which are quite heavy.
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | Not impressive at all. I run just about as many services,
           | plus several game servers, on a Ryzen 5, and most of the time
           | CPU usage is in the low single digits. Most stuff is idle
           | most of the time. Something like a Home Assistant instance
           | used by a single household is basically costless to run in
           | terms of CPU.
        
             | pajamasam wrote:
             | Not costless in terms of RAM though, surely?
        
           | c-hendricks wrote:
           | I run similar (gitea, scrypted+ffmpeg instead of frigate,
           | plex instead of jellyfin) plus some Minecraft servers, *arr
           | stack, notes, dns, and my VM for development.
           | 
           | It's an i7-4790k from 12 years ago, it barely breaks a sweat
           | most hours of the day.
           | 
           | It's not really that impressive, or (not to be a jerk) you've
           | overestimated how expensive these services are to run.
        
             | pajamasam wrote:
             | Fair enough. How much RAM though?
        
               | decryption wrote:
               | 16GB would be plenty. I've got like a dozen services
               | running on an 8GB i7-4970 and it's only using 5GB of RAM
               | right now.
        
             | hypercube33 wrote:
             | Video is usually offloaded too to the igpu on these. I have
             | like 13 vms running on a AMD 3400g with 32gb
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > Impressive that all that can run on one machine. Mind
           | sharing the specs?
           | 
           | Not GP but I have _lots_ of fun running VMs and lots of
           | containers on an old HP Z440 workstation from 2014 or so.
           | This thing has 64 GB of ECC RAM and costs next to nothing (a
           | bit more now with RAM that went up). Thing is: it doesn 't
           | need to be on 24/7. I only power it up when I first need it
           | during the day. 14 cores Xeon for lots of fun.
           | 
           | Only thing I haven't moved to it yet is Plex, which still
           | runs on a very old HP Elitedesk NUC. Dunno if Plex (and/or
           | Jellyfin) would work fine on an old Xeon: but I'll be trying
           | soon.
           | 
           | Before that I had my VMs and containers on a core i7-6700K
           | from 2015 IIRC. But at some point I just wanted ECC RAM so I
           | bought a used Xeon workstation.
           | 
           | As someone commented: most services simply do not need _that_
           | beefy of a machine. Especially not when you 're strangled by
           | a 1 Gbit/s Internet connection to the outside world anyway.
           | 
           | For compilation and overall raw power, my daily workstation
           | is a more powerful machine. But for a homelab: old hardware
           | is totally fine (especially if it's not on 24/7 and I
           | _really_ don 't need access to my stuff when I sleep).
        
         | wbjacks wrote:
         | Have you tried using snapcast to broadcast sound from your
         | Samsung tv? I gave it a shot and could never get past the
         | latency causing unacceptable A/V delay, did you have any luck?
        
       | xoa wrote:
       | I'll admit I've still stuck with the original FreeBSD based
       | TrueNAS, and still am kinda bummed they swapped it. So it's
       | interesting to see a direct example of someone for whom the new
       | Linux based version is clearly superior. I'm long since far, far
       | more at the "self-hosted" vs "homelab" end of the spectrum at
       | this point, and in turn have ended up splitting my roles back out
       | again more vs all-in-one boxes. My NAS is just a NAS, my
       | virtualization is done via proxmox on separate hardware with
       | storage backing to the NAS via iSCSI, and I've got a third box
       | for OPNsense to handle the routing functions. When I first
       | compared, the new TrueNAS was slower (presumably that is at
       | parity or better now?) and missing certain things of the old one,
       | but already was much easier to have Synology or Docker style or
       | the like "apps" AIO. That didn't interest me because I didn't
       | want my NAS to have any duty but being a NAS, but I can see how
       | it'd be far more friendly to someone getting going, or many small
       | business setups. A sort of better truly open and supported "open
       | Synology" (as opposed the xpenology project).
       | 
       | Clearly it's worked for them here, and I'm happy to see it. Maybe
       | the bug will truly bite them but there's so much incredibly
       | capable hardware now available for a song and it's great to see
       | anyone new experiment with bringing stuff back out of centralized
       | providers in an appropriately judicious way.
       | 
       |  _Edit_ : I'll add as well, that this is one of those happy
       | things that can build on itself. As you develop infrastructure,
       | the marginal cost of doing new things drops. Like, if you already
       | have a cheap managed switch setup and your own router setup
       | whatever it is, now when you do something like the author
       | describes you can give all your services IPs and DNS and so on,
       | reverse proxy, put different things on their own VLANs and start
       | doing network isolation that way, etc for "free". The bar of
       | giving something new a shot drops. So I don't think there is any
       | wrong way to get into it, it's all helpful. And if you don't have
       | previous ops or old sysadmin experience or the like then various
       | snags you solve along the way all build knowledge and skills to
       | solve new problems that arise.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | > splitting my roles back out again more
         | 
         | The fiasco you can cause when you try fix, update, change etc
         | makes this my favourite too.
         | 
         | Household life is generally in some form of 'relax' mode in
         | evening and at weekends. Having no internet or movies or
         | whatever is poorly tolerated.
         | 
         | I wish Apple was even slightly supportive of servers and Linux
         | as the mini is such a wicked little box. I went to it to save
         | power. Just checked - it averaged 4.7w over the past 30 days.
         | It runs Ubuntu server in UTM which notably raises power usage
         | but it has the advantage that Docker desktop isn't there.
        
           | xoa wrote:
           | > _The fiasco you can cause when you try fix, update, change
           | etc makes this my favourite too._
           | 
           | I think some of the difference between "self-hosted" vs
           | "homelab" is in the answer to the question of "What happens
           | if this breaks end of the day Friday?" An answer of "oh merde
           | of le fan, immediate evening/weekend plans are now hosed" is
           | on the self-hosted end of the spectrum, whereas "eh, I'll
           | poke at it on Sunday when it's supposed to be raining or
           | sometime next week, maybe" is on the other end. Does that
           | make sense? There are a few pretty different ways to approach
           | making your setup reliable/redundant but I think throwing
           | more metal at the problem features in all of them one way or
           | another. Plus if someone moves up the stack it can simply be
           | a lot more efficient and performant, the sort of hardware
           | suited for one role isn't necessarily as well suited for
           | another and trying to cram too much into one box may result
           | in someone worse AND more expensive then breaking out a few
           | roles.
           | 
           | But probably a lot of people who ended up doing more hosting
           | started pretty simple, dipping their toes in the water,
           | seeing how it worked out and building confidence. And having
           | everything virtualized on a single box is a pretty easy and
           | highly flexible way get going and experiment. Also if it's on
           | a ZFS backing makes "reset/rollback world" quite straight
           | forward with minimal understanding given you can just use the
           | same snapshot mechanism for that as you do for all other
           | data. Issues with circular dependencies and the like or what
           | happens if things go down when it's not convenient for you to
           | be around in person don't really matter that much. I think
           | anything that lowers the barrier to entry is good.
           | 
           | Of course, someone can have some of each too! Or be somewhere
           | along the spectrum, not at one end or another.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | > And having everything virtualized on a single box is a
             | pretty easy and highly flexible way get going and
             | experiment. Also if it's on a ZFS backing makes
             | "reset/rollback world" quite straight forward with minimal
             | understanding given you can just use the same snapshot
             | mechanism for that as you do for all other data.
             | 
             | Docker-compose isn't a backup, but from a fresh ubuntu
             | server install, it'll have me back in 20 mins. Backing up
             | the entire VM isn't too hard either.
             | 
             | I was n a really sweet spot and then ESXi became
             | intolerable. Though in fairness their website was alway
             | pure hell.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | > And having everything virtualized on a single box is a
             | pretty easy and highly flexible way get going and
             | experiment. Also if it's on a ZFS backing makes
             | "reset/rollback world" quite straight forward with minimal
             | understanding given you can just use the same snapshot
             | mechanism for that as you do for all other data.
             | 
             | Docker-compose isn't a backup, but from a fresh ubuntu
             | server install, it'll have me back in 20 mins. Backing up
             | the entire VM isn't too hard either.
             | 
             | I was in a really sweet spot and then ESXi became
             | intolerable. Though in fairness their website was alway
             | pure hell.
        
         | PunchyHamster wrote:
         | There was just not a good reason to stay with BSD, especially
         | with NAS -> homeserver evolution.
         | 
         | Really, we should rename that kind of devices to HSSS (Home
         | Service Storage Server)
        
         | vermaden wrote:
         | I also regret that change.
         | 
         | Big downgrade after moving to Linux:
         | 
         | - https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2024/04/20/truenas-core-
         | versu...
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | One of the most helpful realizations I had as I played around
         | with self-hosting at home is that there is nothing magical
         | about a NAS. You don't need special NAS software. You generally
         | don't need wild filesystems, or containers or VMs or this-
         | manager or that-webui. Most people just need Linux and NFS. Or
         | Linux and SMB. And that's kind of it. The more layers running,
         | the more that can fail.
         | 
         | Just like you don't really need the official Pi-hole software.
         | It's a wrapper around dnsmasq, so you really just need dnsmasq.
         | 
         | A habit of boiling your application down to the most basic
         | needs is going to let you run a lot more on your lab and do so
         | a lot more reliably.
        
           | globular-toast wrote:
           | Same with a router. Any Linux box with a couple of (decent)
           | NICs is a powerful router. You just need to configure it.
           | 
           | But for my own sanity I prefer out of the box solutions for
           | things like my router and NAS. Learning is great but
           | sometimes you really just need something to work right now!
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | I'm similar to you[0]. I still run FreeBSD TrueNAS, and it's
         | just a NAS. Although I do run the occasional VM on it as the
         | box is fairly overprovisioned. I run all my other stuff on an
         | xcp-ng box. I'm a little more homelab-y as I do run stuff on a
         | fairly pointless kubernetes cluster, but it's for learning
         | purposes.
         | 
         | I really prefer storage just being storage. For security it
         | makes a lot of sense. Stuff on my network can only access
         | storage via NFS. That means if I were to get malware on my
         | network and it corrupted data (like ransomware), it won't be
         | able to touch the ZFS snapshots I make every hour. I know
         | TrueNAS is well designed and they are using Docker etc, but it
         | still makes me nervous.
         | 
         | I guess when I finally have to replace my NAS I'll have to go
         | Linux, but it'll still be just a NAS for me.
         | 
         | [0] https://blog.gpkb.org/posts/homelab-2025/
        
       | hk1337 wrote:
       | This is a lot of my similar setup in hardware. I just repurposed
       | a PC I was using for windows that I barely used anyways. I would
       | like to move that to a Framework Desktop mounted in my mini rack
       | at some point though.
       | 
       | I ended up making my own dashboard app, not as detailed as
       | Scrutiny because I just wanted a central place that linked to all
       | my internal apps so I didn't have to remember them all and have a
       | simple status check. I made my own in Go though because main ones
       | I found were NodeJS and were huge resource hogs.
        
       | EdNutting wrote:
       | Have a look at Headscale to avoid the cost of Tailscale for small
       | home setups.
        
         | drnick1 wrote:
         | This, or simply expose a VPN (Wireguard) port on a public IP. I
         | don't see why you need to involve any third parties in such a
         | setup.
        
           | EdNutting wrote:
           | For a single machine, yeah Wireguard is fine. For my multi-
           | user multi-machine many-service home lab, it's quite helpful
           | to have the extra small features that Headscale offers (and
           | some it exposes in a more convenient way).
           | 
           | Edit: Tailscale has a fairly frank page on Wireguard vs
           | Tailscale with suggestions on when to use which:
           | https://tailscale.com/compare/wireguard
        
         | SauntSolaire wrote:
         | I believe Tailscale is free to use for small home setups. It's
         | limited to 3 users and 100 devices which has been plenty for my
         | homelab setup.
        
       | xandrius wrote:
       | One thing to consider before doing the same, a computer done for
       | homelab has a much lower consumption.
       | 
       | The setup mentioned in the article has an avg 600 kWh/year as
       | opposed to a pretty solid HP EliteDesk (my own homelab) which
       | uses 100 kWh/year. Sure you don't get a GPU but for what it is
       | used for, you might as well use a laptop for that.
        
         | hparadiz wrote:
         | I've been thinking of tearing down my old gaming desktop (same
         | as OP) and using a 2014 Macbook Pro instead for exactly this
         | reason.
        
       | polairscience wrote:
       | A lot of people are talking about their backup storage solutions
       | in here, but it's mostly about corporate cloud providers. I'm
       | curious if anyone is going more rogue with their solution and
       | using off-prem storage at a friend's house.
       | 
       | Which is to say, hardware is cheap, software is open, and privacy
       | is very hard to come by. Thus I've been thinking I'd like to not
       | use cloud providers and just keep a duplicate system at a
       | friends, and then of course return the favor. This adds a lot of
       | privacy and quite a bit of redundancy. With the rise of wireguard
       | (and tailscale I suppose), keeping things connected and private
       | has never been easier.
       | 
       | I know that leaning on social relationships is never a hot trend
       | in tech circles but is anyone else considering doing this? Anyone
       | done it? I've never seen it talked about around here.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | > _hardware is cheap_
         | 
         | Hardware _was_ cheap a year ago. Whoever managed to build their
         | boxes full of cheap RAM and HDDs, great, they did the right
         | thing. It will be some time until such an opportunity presents
         | itself again.
        
         | nsbk wrote:
         | My off-prem backups are in a Tailscale connected NAS at my
         | parent's house. I'm in the process of talking a friend into
         | having Tailscale configured to host more off-prem backups at
         | his place as well. I'm moving out of iCloud for photo library
         | management and into Immich. I really don't want to lose my
         | photos and videos hence the off-prem backups. Tailscale has
         | been a blessing for this kind of use case
        
           | polairscience wrote:
           | Oooo. That's the other thing I need to figure out, because
           | it's 90% for my photography. How have you liked immich? Have
           | you tried any other options?
        
         | mtsolitary wrote:
         | I get 3-2-1 backups with no "big cloud" dependency using - My
         | Mac - My NAS (RAID1) using Syncthing - Incremental borg backups
         | to rsync.net (geo-redundant plan) with a cron job.
        
         | Evan-Purkhiser wrote:
         | I do something like this! I'm based in NY but my dad's in LA. I
         | put together an rpi5 + 5xSATA hat with 3 10TB WD red drives
         | using zraid1 (managed to pick these up over the holidays before
         | prices started going up, $160 per drive!). 3D printed the case
         | and got it running a diskless alpine image with tailscale and
         | zrepl for ZFS snapshot replication. Just left it running in a
         | corner at his place and told him not to touch it heh
         | 
         | Whole thing cost around $500. Before that I was paying ~$35 a
         | month for a Google workspace with 5TB of drive space. At one
         | point in the past it was "unlimited" space for $15 a month.
         | Figure the whole thing will pay for itself in the next couple
         | of years.
         | 
         | Actually just finished the initial replication of my 10TB pool.
         | I ran into a gnarly situation where zrepl blew away the initial
         | snapshot on the source pool just after it finished syncing, and
         | I ended up having to patch in a new fake "matching" snapshot. I
         | had claude write up a post here, if you'll excuse the
         | completely AI generated "blog post", it came up with a pretty
         | good solution
         | https://gist.github.com/evanpurkhiser/7663b7cabf82e6483d2d29...
        
       | ritcgab wrote:
       | Hard pass whenever you host long-term storage without ECC memory.
        
       | benlivengood wrote:
       | I've started building a kubernetes cluster (Talos Linux) across
       | town with wireguard between various houses. ZFS boxes for
       | persistent volumes (democratic-csi) in each "zone" with cross-
       | site snapshot replication and Gateway (Traefik) running at each
       | site behind the ISP. CrunchyPGO allows separate StorageClasses to
       | easily split the leader/followers up.
        
         | nickorlow wrote:
         | Have had issues w/ doing k8s over residential wan once I had
         | enough hosts in my cluster
         | 
         | (though they were halfway across the US from each other, and
         | not town)
        
       | gehsty wrote:
       | I'm using a refurbed m4 Mac mini, connected to a unifi nas pro 8,
       | super fun and straightforward. Feels like I only have to do the
       | tinkering I want to do.
        
       | garyfirestorm wrote:
       | you can use https://nginxproxymanager.com/ to manage various
       | services on your homelab. it works flawlessly with Tailscale - I
       | can connect to my tailnet and simply type
       | http://service.mylocaldomain to open the service. you will also
       | need adguard -> adguard dns rewrite -> *.mylocaldomain forwards
       | to the NPM instance and NPM instance has all the information of
       | which IP:PORT has which service Also tailscale DNS should be
       | configured to use adguard -> you can turnoff adblock features if
       | it interferes with any of your stuff.
       | 
       | I would also suggest to use two instances of adguards - one as
       | backup two instances of NPM.
        
       | ivanjermakov wrote:
       | I never understood using a NAS OS and hosting non-NAS services
       | there, it feels upside down. I would rather have a general
       | purpose server OS with running NAS services. Same applies to
       | Proxmox.
        
         | denkmoon wrote:
         | Proxmox is just Debian with a qemu and lxc webui. You can do
         | anything with it
        
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