[HN Gopher] Global warming has accelerated significantly
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Global warming has accelerated significantly
        
       Author : morsch
       Score  : 882 points
       Date   : 2026-03-06 14:10 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.researchsquare.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.researchsquare.com)
        
       | afandian wrote:
       | This is open access. No need to post a researchgate link.
       | 
       | Here's the original: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6079807/v1
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | I'm out of the loop on researchgate, when you say "No need" is
         | it like an archive.is? Why is it less desirable or, if I'm
         | reading your tone correctly, a "backup option"?
        
           | nyeah wrote:
           | ResearchGate isn't open access.
        
             | noboostforyou wrote:
             | How so? I don't have an account but I am able to read the
             | entire paper directly from the OP's link, is there some
             | sort of free limit or something that I have yet to hit? I
             | get some banner ads served on their site but I'm not seeing
             | how it isn't open access.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | Researchgate has nothing to do with OA. Its a social
               | media page for researchers. OA is open licensing that
               | give the reader the rights to download, distribute, etc.
        
               | nyeah wrote:
               | You may be arguing that ResearchGate allows free access
               | to its articles in general. If so, I believe there's a
               | logical fallacy in your argument. But I've been warned
               | that naming that logical fallacy is a ban-able offense on
               | HN. (Surreal but true.)
        
               | noboostforyou wrote:
               | Ah, gotcha - yes that explains my misunderstanding. I was
               | equating "open access" to free access to the content via
               | website. Thanks for clarifying.
        
               | nyeah wrote:
               | Some content on ResearchGate can be downloaded for free.
               | Some can't.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | ResearchGate isn't a journal, right? I think it is some
             | sort of... pseudo-social-networking site for papers.
        
               | nyeah wrote:
               | Right, it's not a journal.
        
           | serioussecurity wrote:
           | They're a user hostile attempt to extract money from people.
           | They make their website hard to use.
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | How so? I am not paying anything and I don't have any
             | problem getting full texts when the authors uploaded them.
             | In fact, I just logged in and don't see even the
             | possibility to pay for anything there. I assume they
             | monetise their database, but everything there is supposed
             | to be publicly accessible anyway.
             | 
             | If I am not mistaken we can get documents without an
             | account as well, unlike others.
        
           | afandian wrote:
           | I'm a bit of a scholarly infrastructure purist. The paper has
           | a DOI, it leads to a landing page that has the full text, and
           | the content is open licensed.
           | 
           | Like if someone posted a link to an archive.is version of a
           | Wikipedia page, you'd probably prefer to get the canonical
           | link to that content.
           | 
           | ResearchGate is a bit of commercial enclosure of
           | infrastructure that is, and should be, open. Who knows, maybe
           | it has other value. I'm not an academic so I don't know.
        
           | miclill wrote:
           | As far as I understand this is a pre-print under CC-BY
           | license, if this answers your question?
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | If the original is available, posting anything else is by
           | definition less desirable.
        
           | kergonath wrote:
           | My position is that when it's open access, we might as well
           | link the primary source. ResearchGate is generally legal.
           | It's the responsibility of the authors to upload accepted
           | manuscripts if the final document is not open access. AFAIK
           | it does not do anything dodgy like archive.is does.
        
           | dana321 wrote:
           | The clue is in the name, research "gate"
        
           | cubefox wrote:
           | The researchgate link has for me a deceptive ad at the
           | bottom: it has a PDF logo and says "download now", suggesting
           | that this will download the paper. It then links to a
           | download page which in the fine print says it will actually
           | download some kind of ebook collection which costs 30 bucks
           | per month. That's a scam.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, we've changed the URL from
         | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/389855619_Global_Wa...
         | to what that doi.org link redirects to. Is it better now?
        
           | afandian wrote:
           | Cool, thanks. I approve!
           | 
           | In a pure world everyone would use DOIs to refer to published
           | literature. This would give two benefits: first, always link
           | to the current version. Second, be a persistent identifier
           | for the content.
           | 
           | But HN isn't a specialist scholarly content platform, so it's
           | practical to link to the landing page.
        
       | eykanal wrote:
       | For those (like me) who don't know the authors, apparently they
       | are well-published authors in the field of climate science whose
       | work is very highly cited:
       | 
       | https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C39&q=gra...
       | 
       | Not a perfect measure of whether this is a reputable article but
       | at least readers should know this isn't from some randos in a
       | basement somewhere.
        
         | miroljub wrote:
         | This comment makes me more skeptical.
         | 
         | Do you want to tell us to trust the authority instead of the
         | presented data and arguments?
         | 
         | Usually, insisting on references, citations, and author status
         | is a sign that the study doesn't hold on its own merit.
        
           | Sharlin wrote:
           | No, it really does not work like that, for reasons that
           | should be obvious.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | Yes, credibility is one component of evaluating conclusions
           | from evidence.
        
             | NotGMan wrote:
             | Credibility of evidence, not the people doing the
             | evaluation of the evidence.
        
               | teamonkey wrote:
               | Their credibility and experience makes it more likely
               | that they will have followed scientific procedures
               | correctly, that their measuring techniques will not have
               | obvious flaws and their findings reflect the evidence.
               | 
               | This is not an appeal to authority: the paper will be
               | examined thoroughly by peer reviewers and likely by
               | academics across the world, in part _because_ of their
               | credibility. That will take time. Meanwhile it should be
               | taken seriously.
        
         | tarr11 wrote:
         | It says this in bold red at the top - "This is a preprint; it
         | has not been peer reviewed by a journal."
         | 
         | I am not a climate scientist - how should I think about this
         | statement? Normally I am looking for some statement that shows
         | a document has been vetted.
        
           | sleet_spotter wrote:
           | Peer review is still very relevant in climate science. But
           | given it is from well-respected authors, I am more inclined
           | to trust the results at this stage.
        
           | juujian wrote:
           | It is already published at Geophysical Research Letters, a
           | highly (if not the most) reputable source in the area. But
           | that journal is behind a paywall: https://agupubs.onlinelibra
           | ry.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/202...
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | For non-specialists, I think the most important view on
           | papers is to not view them as nuggets of truth, but
           | communications of a group of people who are trying to
           | establish truth. No single paper is definitive!
           | 
           | Peer review is an important part of scientific publication,
           | but it's also important for the general public to not view
           | peer review as a full vetting. Peer reviewers look for things
           | like reproducibility of the analysis, suitability of the
           | conclusions given the methods, discussions of the limitations
           | of the data and methods, appropriate statistical tests,
           | correct approval from IRBs if there are humans or animals
           | involved, and things like that. For many journals, the
           | editors are also asking if the results are interesting and
           | significant enough to meet the prestige of the journal.
           | 
           | Peer review misses things like intentional fraud, mistakes in
           | computations, and of course any blind spots that the field
           | has not yet acknowledged (for example, nearly every
           | scientific specialty had to rediscover the important of
           | splitting training and testing datasets for machine learning
           | methods somewhat on their own, as new practitioners adopted
           | new methods quickly and then some papers would slip through
           | at the beginning when reviewers were not yet aware of the
           | necessity of this split...)
           | 
           | Any single paper is not revealed truth, it's a step towards
           | establishing truth, maybe. Science is supposed to be self-
           | correcting, which also necessitates the mistakes that need
           | correction. Climate science is one of the fields that gets
           | the most attention and scrutiny, so a series of papers in
           | that field goes a long ways towards establishing truth, much
           | more so than, say, new MRI technology in psychology.
        
           | tialaramex wrote:
           | For one thing, some of the places which would publish this
           | kind of thing will authorize authors to provide anybody and
           | everybody pre-prints but _not_ the final copy they published.
           | 
           | In principle you could go (pay to+) read the actual final
           | published copy, maybe it's different, but almost always it's
           | basically the same, the text is enough to qualify.
           | 
           | If you go to https://eel.is/c++draft/ you'll find the "Draft"
           | C++ standard, and it has this text:
           | 
           | Note: this is an early draft. It's known to be incomplet and
           | incorrekt, and it has lots of bad formatting.
           | 
           | Nevertheless, the people who wrote your C++ compiler used
           | that "draft" document, because it isn't reasonable to wait a
           | few years for ISO to publish the "real" document which is
           | identical other than lacking that scary text and having a
           | bunch of verbiage about how ISO owns this document and it
           | mustn't be republished.
           | 
           | And you might be thinking "OK, I'm sure those GNU hippies
           | don't pay for a real published copy, but surely the Microsoft
           | Corporation buys their engineers a real one". Nope. Waste of
           | money.
           | 
           | + If you have a relationship with a research institution it
           | might have this or be willing to help you order it from
           | somewhere else at no personal cost.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | I'd say that for a non-scientist, you should treat it as a
           | non-event -- a paper that hasn't happened yet.
           | 
           | The climate is not something for which you need daily,
           | weekly, or even monthly updates. Rather, this paper is just
           | one more on top of a gigantic pile of evidence that that
           | climate change is serious, something that we can and should
           | do something about.
           | 
           | If the paper passes muster, you'll hear about it then, though
           | all it'll do is very slightly increase your confidence in
           | something that is already very well confirmed. Or, the paper
           | may not pass review, in which case it doesn't mean anything
           | at all, and you fall back on the existing mountain of
           | evidence.
           | 
           | If the paper had reached the opposite conclusion, that might
           | merit more investigation by you now, since that would
           | potentially be a significant update to your beliefs. And more
           | importantly, it would certainly be presented as if it were a
           | fait accompli, even before peer review.
           | 
           | Instead, you can simply say, "I don't know what this paper
           | means, but I already have a very well-founded understanding
           | of climate change and its significance."
        
         | notarobot123 wrote:
         | Ironically, those still unconvinced of the human influence on
         | climate change seem to be the sort that would trust the
         | basement randos _more_ than they would reputable scientists
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | It's a culture thing, nobody on the right would ever be
           | convinced by science, they will shop around until they find
           | what they need to hear. My sister in law sent me a video and
           | told me that she thought it was a really good explainer and
           | had a lot of good facts and figures to support it. To humor
           | her, I took a brief glance at it, and saw that it was
           | produced by Dr. Shiva. I was thinking "no way, it can't be
           | _that_ Shiva, could it, email guy? " Yes, yes it was.
           | 
           | We are doomed.
        
             | madaxe_again wrote:
             | Tell her that you have a greenfield synergistic solution to
             | upscale her big tent.
        
           | jihadjihad wrote:
           | Because they are practicing the reverse scientific method.
           | They hold a conclusion in their hand, like, _man-made climate
           | change is a hoax_ , and seek to find any threads of
           | "evidence" that support their foregone conclusion.
        
             | blell wrote:
             | You can apply that too to the "man-made climate change is
             | real" argument.
        
               | jrajav wrote:
               | Allegations of cherry-picking scant bits of evidence to
               | support a claim are less effective when that claim is
               | held up by vast quantities of distinct, high-quality
               | evidence.
        
               | exhumet wrote:
               | my wife is an actuary, and we always joke that you know
               | climate change has real cause and effect because the
               | actuaries are specifically monitoring and modeling for it
               | lol
        
             | funkyfiddler369 wrote:
             | that's cute but you can't blame people for holding opinions
             | based on phenomenal observations before they learn the
             | language and can perform experiments. the fact that so many
             | can't is the sole reason you might be considered somewhat
             | superior or competent. more people with scientific skills
             | and a personal way to explain and adhere to the scientific
             | method would mean that your competence would be no more
             | than average, if at all. how would that make you feel?
             | 
             | more importantly though, is the fact that there are enough
             | "critics" that consider Global Warming a cycle that "man"
             | merely accelerated by a few decades. most of these
             | "skeptics" are also perfectly capable of discerning between
             | the amount of energy "wasted" in office buildings and lit
             | up skyscrapers as well as anything at the end of luxury
             | supply chains and markets and what the rest of the world
             | "wastes" or expends. to them, the hoax is the "man-made"
             | part ...
             | 
             | it should be "some-man-made climate change"
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | >that's cute
               | 
               | Unnecessary but moving past that: I understand where
               | you're coming from but a hallmark of people like that is
               | they are not willing to learn or be swayed no matter how
               | you try to educate them. They have decided what is real
               | and it often dovetails with their social/political views
               | in a way that is very hard to disentangle.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | My phenomenal observations are that it's been getting
               | warmer during my lifetime, but as soon as I mention this
               | in an online conversation I get slapped down with 'the
               | climate is always changing' and 'n=1'.
               | 
               | Most climate change denial arguments eventually boil down
               | to social assertions about the change believers having
               | perverse incentives, like being greedy for grants to go
               | on sailing vacations to Antartica or feather their
               | academic nests.
        
             | like_any_other wrote:
             | Many scientists (cited by Supreme Court justices even)
             | practice that same method:
             | https://dailycaller.com/2025/03/31/exclusive-researchers-
             | axe...
             | 
             | If you don't trust the Daily Caller - good. But their main
             | claim is backed up by FOIA'd documents (which they
             | include), and others have been independently reported, and
             | they directly link to the study making the claim.
        
           | yfw wrote:
           | Theres a mistrust of government and the establishment. Not
           | saying fringe is better but the behavior of govts, corruption
           | and influence by rich donors doesn't help
        
             | Forgeties79 wrote:
             | It also doesn't help that anyone with few scruples and a
             | desire to make a buck can quickly monetize screaming about
             | how up is down on YouTube
        
             | scottLobster wrote:
             | Also scientists generally suck at messaging and persuasion.
             | They think if they just dial up the stakes and consequences
             | a little more, it'll be compelling! Maybe if we make one
             | more documentary with bad CGI disaster movie scenes,
             | that'll do it! Same with the stupid "Doomsday clock" that
             | is somehow always "the closest we've ever been to nuclear
             | war!" whenever it gets trotted out. You'd think people who
             | know what stochastic noise is would realize when they're
             | producing it.
             | 
             | They would have made a lot more headway talking about clean
             | air, clean water, jobs, and a bright prosperous future
             | where we manufacture wind turbines, batteries and solar
             | panels in deep red Missouri. A minority tried that, but
             | most stuck with the catastrophizing for decades and now
             | that they've ruined their social credit no one will listen
             | to the message they should have opened with.
             | 
             | You need people emotionally invested, and it's a lot easier
             | to get them invested in their lives than in the abstract
             | consequences of computer models that are at least 100 years
             | out if they're even accurate. And most people are not
             | independent enough to direct their own lives. If they make
             | the right decisions on abstract concepts, it was more
             | because the incentives/disincentives in their environment
             | were set up correctly than they actually understood the
             | decision they were making. Message accordingly.
        
           | designerarvid wrote:
           | There's actually research to support the claim you're making
           | here (Elaboration Likelihood Model).
           | 
           | When forming attitudes in an area where one doesn't care, one
           | tends to rely more on who is saying it than what is being
           | said. The opposite is true, if you care about [climate
           | change], you listen to the arguments regardless of who is
           | presenting it.
        
       | draw_down wrote:
       | Oops you forgot this part:
       | 
       | > Here we account for the influence of three main natural
       | variability factors: El Nino, volcanism, and solar variation.
       | 
       | Whoops! Whoopsies! Oopsy doodles!
        
       | xyzelement wrote:
       | As an observation, global warming has completely disappeared as
       | social concern in the last few years. Great that someone is still
       | publishing research, but it seems like being a climate scientist
       | has gone from hottest field to nobody cares.
        
         | hackyhacky wrote:
         | Nothing like fascism and war to take your mind off the
         | environment.
        
           | Octoth0rpe wrote:
           | Because of how policies are grouped together in many
           | countries (particularly the US), the fight against fascism is
           | necessarily concurrent with the fight against climate change.
        
             | Fricken wrote:
             | I haven't seen much fight against either fascism or climate
             | change so far in the US
        
             | timacles wrote:
             | What a coincidence that any fight that might impact
             | corporate profits is always the "left's" interest.
        
         | avereveard wrote:
         | as soon as there was money to be made by concentrating data
         | center, no matter the energy density impact on environment, the
         | once philanthropist changed tune real quick
         | 
         | https://www.gatesnotes.com/home/home-page-topic/reader/three...
         | 
         | with gems like "Although climate change will hurt poor people
         | more than anyone else, for the vast majority of them it will
         | not be the only or even the biggest threat to their lives and
         | welfare. "
        
         | bena wrote:
         | We've had other existential threats to worry about of late.
         | 
         | People are way more alarmed by Rapid Local Temperature Rises By
         | Mechanism of Thermonuclear Energy Being Suddenly Released.
        
         | latexr wrote:
         | Are you based in the US? Seeing how the current regime is doing
         | its best to gut climate protections I get how it could seem
         | that way, but it's definitely not the case in e.g. Europe where
         | energy from renewables continues to grow.
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | Most countries including the US are deploying record amounts
           | of renewables. But the climate conversation is definitely
           | reduced, and that's global. Its been a good while since I saw
           | angsty euro teens throwing tomato soup on paintings or gluing
           | themselves to motorways. That used to be a monthly occurance.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | That was .. last year?
             | 
             | There's a "top of stack" effect in that there can be only a
             | certain number of issues which are most important _in
             | discourse_ , and the Israel/Iran situation has taken over
             | the top of discourse as has the US President.
             | 
             | A vital part of good governance is caring about things
             | which _aren 't_ in today's newspaper.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | No, it was more of a 2023 thing, which is now three years
               | ago. It had definitely calmed down by 2025 too. Iran
               | situation is only a few days old.
        
             | latexr wrote:
             | The US still produces more than half (58%) of its
             | electricity from fossil fuels. In the EU, it's less than a
             | third (29%).
             | 
             | https://ember-energy.org/countries-and-regions/united-
             | states...
             | 
             | https://ember-energy.org/countries-and-regions/european-
             | unio...
             | 
             | In the EU I hear of new climate initiatives all the time.
             | From the US every bit of news I know about is how they're
             | making it worse.
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | What is the effect of the new climate initiatives?
               | Undoubtedly $trillions have been spent on what might be
               | termed 'fighting climate change' by all means possible.
               | Looking at the Mauna Loa data on C02, can anyone see any
               | effect at all? https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/. I
               | merely present this as an observation. In other words,
               | your comment is spot on at least with respect to the EU.
        
           | stfp wrote:
           | Anecdotally, as I spend time between the US and the EU, the
           | divide is large and clear now. It feels like folks in the US
           | sort of just gave up (me included to an extent), whereas in
           | Europe there seems to be a stronger resolve at a personal
           | level and institutional level, to keep reducing energy use,
           | plastics, driving, waste, etc. The US on the other hand is
           | accelerating overconsumption in all directions.
           | 
           | It's especially depressing for me when it comes to younger
           | folks. In Seattle where I live (not the suburbs, actual
           | Seattle) some teenagers drive to school in 6 seater SUVs and
           | spend their lunch time in there, with the engine on. A
           | minority of students of course but that's still a mindfuck...
           | in Europe they would get so much shit from other kids and
           | neighbors. Drop in the bucket in terms of actual emissions
           | but a very strong symbol of the lack of awareness/motivation.
        
             | ActorNightly wrote:
             | The individual contributions from emissions are much
             | smaller than industrial scale emissions. People can still
             | do what you describe if we magically move all power
             | production to solar/nuclear, and move to cleaner airplanes,
             | and things would be headed in the right direction global
             | warming wise.
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | The problem is, no amount of climate policies in the West is
         | going to offset burning fuel in the developing counties. It's a
         | global phenomenon and addressing it locally is futile. That,
         | and you don't have the luxury of green solutions when energy
         | prices were going through the roof.
        
           | rounce wrote:
           | Surely it's better to be more reliant on domestically/locally
           | produced wind and solar when oil and gas production by 3rd
           | party countries is plummeting?
        
           | hackyhacky wrote:
           | > addressing it locally is futile.
           | 
           | Imagine what could be accomplished if Americans used their
           | global influence to affect global change on climate issues
           | with the same zeal that they pursue manipulative trade deals.
        
             | nDRDY wrote:
             | It's a good job Americans are right if they were to start
             | swinging their global weight around.
        
           | wolttam wrote:
           | Someone needs to set the example and be the model?
        
           | nyeah wrote:
           | Nice take on the trolley problem. "No amount of pulling the
           | emergency brakes is going to prevent passengers from dying
           | when this runaway train finally crashes. So let's be
           | responsible adults and put the pedal to the metal."
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | So pay for developing countries to go green. If they can get
           | free solar energy they won't spend their money on gas.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | This is not only wrong but you are bending over backwards to
           | maintain the state of ignorance which makes it possible to
           | say that. Most of the carbon in the atmosphere did not come
           | from developing countries, and every reduction buys more time
           | to deal with the problem so, yes, local measures matter: as
           | an example, the U.S. transportation sector is so carbon
           | intensive that getting our average efficiency up will reduce
           | global emissions by more than entire other countries produce.
           | 
           | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1118464/transportation-c.
           | .. shows the American trend, then look at which other
           | countries that's similar to assuming we electrify a given
           | fraction of the transportation sector:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_di.
           | ..
           | 
           | This is even more wrong when you look at how Africa is
           | electrifying. Unlike the United States, China continued to
           | invest in solar panel production and so they're now the
           | cheapest option for electrical power for millions of people
           | since solar panels run for decades and don't require trucking
           | diesel fuel around or building out power grids. Investments
           | in batteries are having the same cycle: richer countries have
           | the research universities and product development but then
           | anyone can buy the product.
           | 
           | https://apnews.com/article/solar-energy-china-imports-
           | batter...
           | 
           | That's why the fossil fuels spend so much money spreading
           | messages like yours: they grew fat on government subsidies
           | and they need those subsidies to continue or even expand as
           | the basic economics increasingly favor renewables. Trump has
           | to force coal plants to stay open because otherwise the
           | operators would switch to cheaper options.
        
         | marginalia_nu wrote:
         | Everyone and their mother is running digital influence
         | operations, so the overall media landscape is just extremely
         | noisy right now.
         | 
         | This is an art that has been refined with every election cycle
         | and every major political event since the early 2010s, and it
         | had already gotten dang bad 5-6 years ago[1], and definitely
         | did not get an ounce better once LLMs came along and drove the
         | down the cost of this type of op.
         | 
         | The result is that it's very hard to get _any_ sort of coherent
         | message across.
         | 
         | [1] 'member the absolute clown fiesta surrounding COVID?
        
         | mchaver wrote:
         | I assume because the public has been consumed by narratives
         | over data. Narratives have probably always been more powerful
         | than data for us humans, but we now have really powerful tools
         | to generate the narratives we like. Combine that with
         | algorithmic feeds that prefer certain types of narratives,
         | boring and/or annoying data gets ignored.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Well, yes, due to systematic propaganda efforts and the general
         | shift from being against mass death to being in favor of it.
         | 
         | (the Iran collapse that led to mass protests and then mass
         | murder of the mass protests is itself a climate driven issue
         | https://www.unicef.org/iran/en/climate-change )
        
         | nDRDY wrote:
         | The messaging on "global tipping points" was over-done, and
         | also many people are now aware that enforcing low-carbon
         | policies is costing Western economies a huge amount of money
         | while resulting in very little net reduction in global CO2
         | output.
         | 
         | Why care when we're already over the edge and there isn't
         | anything we can do about it?
        
         | superxpro12 wrote:
         | Seriously? I see anti-global-warming propaganda every day.
         | 
         | Every f'ing time it snows someone has to snide in with "BuT I
         | ThOuGhT GlObAl WaRmInG WaS ReAl!?!?!?!?!" And i have to take a
         | breath.
        
         | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
         | Well, this did hit #1 on HN. A bunch of us might actually still
         | be worried about it.
        
         | Pxtl wrote:
         | Because of first COVID-19 and the post-peak economic chaos
         | distracting us, and then afterwards Trump and Putin and
         | Netenyahu and the global rise of erratic mayhem as a political
         | platform.
         | 
         | https://xkcd.com/2275/
         | 
         | Eventually we'll have to deal with the Giant Spider Downtown,
         | it's just that the to-do list is growing from the top.
        
           | superxpro12 wrote:
           | It's foolish to assume this is not a calculated effort. It's
           | make us feel good that there isn't people who are actually
           | evil enough to coordinate these full-blown authoritarian
           | campaigns.
           | 
           | Consider for a moment that there ARE people this straight-up
           | evil....
        
             | Pxtl wrote:
             | Maybe for Putin, but for Trump it's hard to see it as
             | anything but his completely mercurial nature just causing
             | so much random melodrama that less-urgent problems
             | completely vanish. The same people who love carbon also
             | hate the damage he's doing to global markets. I mean except
             | Putin again.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | I'm in the US and even here this is absolutely not true. It has
         | disappeared as a government concern, because the government has
         | been subverted by vested interests.
        
         | mixdup wrote:
         | This is the biggest headscratcher about AI. Before 2020 every
         | big tech company had a net neutral, if not net negative, carbon
         | goal. And many of them were talking about not just buying
         | offsets but actual neutrality. And others were talking about
         | even accounting for the emissions caused by their customers
         | using their products
         | 
         | LLMs hit the market and you never hear anyone talk about carbon
         | at all. At all. Maybe Apple will mention it a little bit but
         | they're not in the big datacenter game
         | 
         | The costs of LLMs are just being completely paved over. We
         | don't let manufacturers dump cadmium into the rivers in the US
         | anymore, even if it would enable cheap or magic products, it's
         | insane that we're just ignoring all the external impacts in
         | this particular area
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | They're grifters. They thought climate tech would be a big
           | grift. When that slowed down they dropped it like last
           | season's trendy outfit and jumped on the AI bandwagon.
        
         | alberto467 wrote:
         | I think a lot of people have lost faith in the ability of the
         | world to come all together and make the necessary sacrifices to
         | make a difference. Especially when some parts of the world are
         | in competition with each other and not making these sacrifices
         | allows them an edge.
         | 
         | Also another group of people have realized they are not willing
         | to forgo all their petty and unnecessary comforts nor are they
         | willing to pay any price increases that would be required to
         | adopt less economical but more sustainable services or
         | production methods.
         | 
         | I don't think there's been any big change in climate change
         | believers/deniers, but i do think some people have started
         | accepting that we're doomed and that there is no "practical"
         | solution. And if you think you're doomed, you might as well
         | skip the sacrifices and enjoy your last days (decades) to the
         | fullest.
        
           | bondarchuk wrote:
           | "People aren't willing to pay price increases" is
           | interesting. Of course that's what they say when you ask them
           | directly. Yet everyone is currently paying massive price
           | increases as a result of covid-era money printing. I'm not
           | saying you're wrong necessarily but what it shows it that it
           | has been possible in very recent times that a collecive
           | decision was made which increased general prices for
           | everyone.
        
             | jmye wrote:
             | People are largely unaware of the sources of those price
             | increases, at least in the US, which is why they were such
             | a successful bludgeon in recent elections.
        
             | alberto467 wrote:
             | > that a collecive decision was made which increased
             | general prices for everyone
             | 
             | I think you're referring to inflation with that? I wouldn't
             | necessarily say that inflation is the result of a
             | "decision", certainly not a direct decision of any single
             | person nor any collective group. Economies can move around
             | in weird and unpredictable ways, and they are also quite
             | intertwined at the global level making policy decisions
             | even more complicated and unpredictable.
             | 
             | The "money printing" decision wasn't made by asking the
             | public: "would you like to help our economy and businesses
             | and our essential public services in this tragic event? Oh
             | btw you'll be paying for all of this with inflation, are
             | you still sure?". Politicians tend to conveniently leave
             | the second part out, and also, this questions wasn't asked
             | to the public at all. I believe a sizeable amount of the
             | public would've responded "no, let the people die, let the
             | businesses die, i'm not paying for them".
             | 
             | Which is why for example, in many democracies with tools of
             | direct democracy, such tools cannot affect fiscal policy,
             | because people are dumb and they would just say "i want all
             | of the welfare and zero of the taxes", bringing the country
             | to ruin.
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | Its not that.
           | 
           | Basically, on the average, people don't have ability to think
           | rationally into the future. Most people think only 1 level of
           | cause and effect.
           | 
           | Right now, for the vast majority of people, global warming
           | isn't a problem when your house has AC, your car has AC, your
           | workplace has AC. When you are forced to do things that you
           | see no direct effect of, it makes it seem less important, and
           | its a self reinforcing cycle where you see other people not
           | doing it and you wonder why you have to make your life
           | harder.
           | 
           | People will start caring only when their direct lives are
           | affected. So unfortunately, the only way to fix global
           | warming is to let it get bad enough to where there is enough
           | death and destruction for people to start paying attention.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | Denmark is having a parliamentary election in 18 days, and
         | other than one of the left wing parties, it seems like no one
         | gives a shit about environmental issues right now. Even the
         | debate about clean drinking water is a bit one sided, where
         | part of the left want to implement measures to secure it, while
         | the right is "Fuck it, fixing it will hurt our heavily
         | subsidized farmers".
         | 
         | Part of the problem seems to be that many countries won't do
         | shit, so all the improvements that have been made are just
         | completely negated by other poluting more.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | Basically the oceans are way way way too hot which is melting
       | even the most ancient ice and that can never be undone in our
       | lifetimes (well maybe from a nuclear winter)
       | 
       | USA is about to have another El Nino summer which will be
       | scorching from overheating oceans
       | 
       | But don't worry, USA is solving the problem by Biden banning
       | cheap electric cars and Trump ending electric subsidies entirely,
       | forcing coal plants to restart
        
         | mrlonglong wrote:
         | Biden?!
        
           | TimorousBestie wrote:
           | They're referring to this:
           | https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-
           | transportation/bidens...
           | 
           | The Republicans are even more protectionist and sinophobic,
           | however. Nobody ever had the option to vote for importing
           | Chinese EVs.
        
             | mrlonglong wrote:
             | I might buy one just to annoy them then.
        
           | whynotmaybe wrote:
           | It reminds me of what I used to say whenever I've completed a
           | contract for a client.
           | 
           | "And remember, now that I'm gone, every problem that occurs
           | is my fault. So stop looking for the culprit, find a
           | solution"
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | Remember when Republicans blamed 9/11 on Obama, not
           | remembering that it happened when Bush was president?
        
         | _heimdall wrote:
         | Electric cars aren't a magic bullet. We need to drive less, not
         | scrap ICE vehicles and buy new electric vehicles made on the
         | other side of the planet with globally sourced materials and
         | shipped to the US.
        
           | bojan wrote:
           | Do they have to be a magic bullet?
           | 
           | Switching from ICE to electric is a much smaller ask than
           | switching from personal cars to... bicycles?
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | If there was some investment most of us could switch to
             | public transit. The problems people have with transit are
             | mostly around there isn't enough of it to be useful - when
             | /where it is useful people use it.
        
               | alberto467 wrote:
               | That's not the full story, you're right that they "could
               | switch", but would they actually?
               | 
               | Good, working and efficient public transit still means
               | having significantly less comfort compared to having your
               | private vehicle. Pretty much the only exception is using
               | the metro in a congested downtown area at peak traffic
               | (still, your metro experience will also be degraded by
               | the peak traffic), or perhaps if parking your vehicle
               | will be very difficult. And i say this as someone in a
               | rather big city in Europe who is currently only using
               | public transit. And there is a lot of stuff that i'd like
               | to do but i can't do since i currently don't have access
               | to a car or motorbike.
               | 
               | People don't just want "useful", at least the majority of
               | people in developed countries also want "comfortable",
               | and "nice", and "easy", and "enjoyable". A peak-hour
               | metro ride or missing your tram by one minute is none of
               | that.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | If the next bus/tram isn't almost there when you miss the
               | previous then it isn't nearly as useful.
               | 
               | there are things you can't do with transit. However
               | nearly everyone is living in a family - so keep the truck
               | to tow the boat, but get rid of the other cars that you
               | won't need if transit is good. That is a much more
               | reasonably goal that transit can aim for. A few like you
               | won't own a car/truck at all, but most won't need to go
               | that far
        
               | bigfishrunning wrote:
               | I would settle for "available". Where I live, i have a 40
               | minute commute to work by car. I live in a suburb of a
               | midsize american city.
               | 
               | When i bought my house, i looked into public
               | transportation options. Instead of a 40 minute car ride,
               | i could drive for 5 minutes and then take 3 hours (and 2
               | bus transfers) to get to my office by bus.
               | 
               | I would love to get some reading done on my commute, and
               | would be willing to spend an hour on a bus or train
               | instead of 40 minutes fighting traffic in my car, but
               | it's just not really feasable. I think this situation is
               | extremely common.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | That is what I'm getting at. Most cities in the US don't
               | have a useful transit system.
               | 
               | though your 40 minute by car commute is something that is
               | unlikely something any invsetment will ever make
               | reasonable.
        
             | alberto467 wrote:
             | True but also building a new electric car consumes many
             | order of magnitudes more resources (and it will keep
             | consuming them) compared to a bicycle.
             | 
             | But hey, at least you get to keep 99% of your comfort while
             | making 50% less emissions! (if it really is that much).
        
             | nDRDY wrote:
             | With a correspondingly smaller decrease in CO2 output.
             | We're in a Climate Catastrophe on the edge of Global
             | Tipping Points, remember!
             | 
             | Sarcasm aside, I think this is why people have generally
             | stopped caring as much. What we are being asked to do (buy
             | new shiny things for some estimated small percentage
             | decrease in lifecycle CO2 output) does not match the
             | messaging.
             | 
             | FWIW I cycle almost everywhere.
        
             | microtonal wrote:
             | _Switching from ICE to electric is a much smaller ask than
             | switching from personal cars to... bicycles?_
             | 
             | Bikes are awesome. I do 95% of my trips by bike. It's
             | healthy, cheap, and has very low amortized emissions.
             | Everybody can repair a bike with a small amount of
             | training.
             | 
             | More countries/cities have to do bike-centric road design.
        
             | NicuCalcea wrote:
             | Why not encourage people who can reasonably cycle to do so?
             | It's not a magic bullet either, but it's no less magic than
             | EVs.
        
               | bojan wrote:
               | Why not both? Encourage cycling when possible, and when
               | not, an EV.
               | 
               | Looking at American commute distances however, cycling,
               | even with an e-bike, is likely not a reasonable option.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | The issue is not just commute distances, it is cultural.
               | Just in my personal "click" there are 5 people of which:
               | 
               | - 2 live less than 5 minutes from a metro that literally
               | takes them to the office, they never take the metro
               | 
               | - 2 live easily within a biking distance to work, 1 has a
               | bike, another has e-bike, they never bike to work
               | 
               | - 1 lives literally _walking_ distance to work, she never
               | walks to work
               | 
               | Public transportation where I live is vast, you can
               | easily commute with the public transportation to just
               | about everywhere but only low(er) income people will take
               | public transportation.
               | 
               | Two most-frequently cited reasons I hear why not
               | bike/walk/...
               | 
               | 1. Dangerous - every female friend I have lists this as
               | #1 reason they always drive. Regardless of the fact that
               | I live in the area where I often forget to close my
               | garage overnight and leave the front door open (very very
               | low crime rates) the women feel unsafe. A lot of
               | sensationalism in the news regarding every minor thing
               | happening might be to blame but I have a wife and a
               | daughter and am godfather to several girls so I
               | understand
               | 
               | 2. Inconvenient - what if after work I want to go to ____
               | and ____ and ____. Now I got to track back home and then
               | perhaps change clothes, clean the house... and then get
               | into the car to go to _____.
        
               | NicuCalcea wrote:
               | Of course, both are better.
               | 
               | A lot of Americans probably won't be able to commute on a
               | bicycle, but could easily use one for shorter trips like
               | visiting friends, doing groceries, getting a burger, etc.
               | 
               | Even with commutes, there are lots that could be done on
               | a bicycle. I briefly lived in the US and had a 6-mile
               | (~10 km) commute. It was an unpleasant experience because
               | there was exactly zero cycling infrastructure along the
               | way, but otherwise it was a brief 25-minute trip, shorter
               | than any of the commutes I've had in Europe. Not a single
               | one of my American colleagues, all of whom lived locally,
               | cycled or took a bus.
        
             | queenkjuul wrote:
             | Switched from driving to biking and my life is 10x better,
             | js
        
         | everdrive wrote:
         | >But don't worry, USA is solving the problem by Biden banning
         | cheap electric cars and Trump ending electric subsidies
         | entirely, forcing coal plants to restart
         | 
         | People really think if they just buy the right products we'll
         | solve this problem. People are really fundamentally unable to
         | solve global warming issues. There are a few fundamental
         | problems:
         | 
         | - Broad, collective action is not possible in just any
         | direction. People can broadly get behind causes that are
         | related to some fundamental human motivation, but generally
         | cannot be guided towards nuanced political topics except via
         | general tribalism and coalitions. (eg: you can go to the moon,
         | but there's only broad support for this in the sense that it
         | has consequences for national pride. You didn't have a whole
         | nation helping the the logistics; you just had broad
         | coalitional support.)
         | 
         | - People think that merely buying the right product will help,
         | but major impacts to climate would require a serious
         | modification in quality of life and material wealth. This will
         | never have broad support. People will always scrape out the
         | most comfort and most material wealth that is possible, and
         | will only allow themselves to be constrained by hard limits.
         | Technology can help here to a degree, but once technology
         | helps, people just advance to the next hard limit. For instance
         | the use of insecticides, industrial fertilizer, and large-scale
         | factory farming just allowed for more population boom. Rather
         | than arriving at a place where where had near infinite
         | abundance, we just ate up the gains with expanded population
         | and luxury products. (sort of how computers don't get faster;
         | once the computer is made faster, the software does more and
         | the actual UI responsiveness just stays in the same place.)
         | 
         | - People would need to intentionally decrease population and
         | find healthy limits with the environment. No living thing does
         | this. If you watch population curves in predators and prey,
         | they occur because the hard limits force starvation and
         | population decline. (ie, if the wolves eat too many deer, then
         | the wolf pups starve, the wolf population declines, and then
         | the deer can rebound.) In other words, nature is not "wise and
         | balanced" but instead the balance is a mere fact of competition
         | and death. The moment we produce an abundance, we use up that
         | abundance. This may not be true in the case of some
         | individuals, but broadly this is true for any population.
         | 
         | - No political body, even an authoritarian regime could force
         | these things. People would revolt. Authoritarians themselves
         | often get into power by promising abundance they can never
         | actually deliver on. No authoritarian has gained power by
         | promising to reduce abundance and material wealth.
        
           | bobson381 wrote:
           | So I've been on a journey of discovering basically this -
           | limits to growth - for the last few years. It's been .... an
           | emotional roller coaster as someone living in the developed
           | world. I'm following the work of Nate Hagens and others in
           | the space, but The Dread still ebbs and flows.
           | 
           | How do you hold this dispassionately? How do you get to a
           | point of wanting to reproduce, or even wanting to continue,
           | as an act of radical hope? Absurdism? Pure interest in
           | watching it all unfold? I'm pretty aware that we are going to
           | have constraints forced on us as like, a thermodynamic
           | function, but ... how to cope? Go back to the tragedy?
           | 
           | -confused, interested, fascinatedly dreading
        
             | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
             | Throughout human history entire families, tribes, villages,
             | and cities were on the edge of death, whether it was by
             | disease, famine, or invaders. This is nothing new. Don't by
             | into the people selling fear.
        
         | pcthrowaway wrote:
         | I suspect the reason Trump is talking about annexing Canada is
         | because of our vast swathes of land which have historically
         | been too cold for settlement, which are going to become much
         | more temperate in the near-ish future.
        
           | hnfong wrote:
           | That explains the 300 IQ attempt on claiming Greenland.
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | I really wanna know the kind of person you are that thinks
           | that Trump makes logical decisions.
        
             | pcthrowaway wrote:
             | I didn't say it was logical, I said there was some kind of
             | rationale.
        
           | willhslade wrote:
           | Soil is generally garbage though. Just saying.
        
       | captainbland wrote:
       | Today: this
       | 
       | Tomorrow: trillions invested in new technology for simulating
       | human torture accurately at the molecular level, requiring twice
       | the level of all consumer electricity use on the planet.
       | Advocates claim "all use is valid".
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | Arguments against call it immoral, while counter-arguments call
         | it "legitimate".
         | 
         | Meanwhile, three-time Billionaire claims he's solved the
         | problem using soylent green while fifty thousand people react
         | in awe at the live presentation.
        
         | FrustratedMonky wrote:
         | Is this a reference to "Torment Nexus"?
        
           | inciampati wrote:
           | I prefer to think of it as a reference _in_ the Torment
           | Nexus.
        
           | captainbland wrote:
           | While I'm sure that subconsciously influenced what I wrote,
           | it was more a general jab at the sentiment that negative
           | externalities can always be justified so long as a technology
           | has users who prefer to use it.
        
             | FrustratedMonky wrote:
             | Yeah. Did you see article that they made a brain organoid
             | (actual brain neurons on a chip) play DOOM?. What are those
             | neurons experiencing?
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | > What are those neurons experiencing?
               | 
               | Doom. (Obviously.)
        
               | AlexeyBrin wrote:
               | > What are those neurons experiencing?
               | 
               | A reasonable explanation is that a few neurons probably
               | don't have conscience so they can't really experience
               | anything.
        
               | captainbland wrote:
               | It's an interesting question as to what that level is
               | likely to be though. The chip in question apparently has
               | around 800,000 neurons (https://www.forbes.com/sites/john
               | koetsier/2025/06/04/hardwar...) so not a trivial quantity
               | which makes it significantly more complex than most
               | insects' forebrains but still less complex than any
               | mammal.
               | 
               | I think once they're able to put 15 million such neurons
               | on a single device that puts them in the range of more
               | relatable animals like mice and Syrian hamsters, and I
               | also expect that relatability is also what will drive
               | most opinions about consciousness.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >a few neurons probably don't have conscience
               | 
               | Given our piss poor understanding of consciousness, I
               | have to ask: on what grounds do you make this claim?
        
               | captainbland wrote:
               | I hadn't until you mentioned it but now I have! I expect
               | one day they'll generate a language model on one and then
               | we can just ask it, assuming they don't give it a special
               | rule about never describing its experiences.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | The language model's output would be informed by its
               | weights, not by its experiences as wetware. Substrate
               | does not make a computation special: that's the whole
               | point of the Chinese Room thought experiment.
               | 
               | What mechanism are you imagining that would allow a LLM
               | built of neurons to describe what it's like to be made of
               | neurons, when a LLM built of GPUs cannot describe what
               | it's like to be organised sand? The LLM in the GPU
               | cluster is evaluated by performing the same calculations
               | that could be performed by intricate clockwork, or _very
               | very slowly_ by generations of monks using pencil and
               | paper. Just as the monks have thoughts and feelings, it
               | is _conceivable_ (though perhaps impossible) that the
               | brain tissue implementing a LLM has conscious experience;
               | but if so, that experience would not be reflected in the
               | LLM 's output.
        
               | captainbland wrote:
               | When I say language model, I mean of whatever form would
               | make it native to the wetware medium. This brings with it
               | a few key distinctions. The distinction I think is most
               | relevant is that human neurons including in chips like
               | the CL1 have the capability to dynamically re-organise
               | topologically (i.e. neuroplasticity) which is something
               | that computed LLMs can't do, which have a fixed structure
               | with weights.
               | 
               | We can't assume that a computer based neural network will
               | have the same emergent behaviours as a biological one or
               | vice versa.
               | 
               | The interesting point for me is in the neuroplasticity,
               | because it implies that the networks which are
               | specialised for language could start forming synapses
               | which connect them to the parts which are more
               | specialised to play doom giving rise to the possibility
               | that this could be used for introspection
        
             | z2 wrote:
             | Ah, I thought you were just referring to the decades-long
             | use of the most massive supercomputers to simulate nuclear
             | arsenal maintenance and explosions (maybe literally at the
             | molecular/atomic/sub-atomic level).
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | It would also work as a jab at Roko's basilisk
        
         | oofbey wrote:
         | Actually "last year: this". It was published in early 2025.
        
       | throwway120385 wrote:
       | We might actually hit the jackpot from The Peripheral.
        
         | FrustratedMonky wrote:
         | I don't buy it. I read the Peripheral, and through the whole
         | thing I was always asking "who actually built all the stuff
         | these guys were inheriting"??? Are we assuming robots got to a
         | level where incredible magical worlds could be built to server
         | just a few people?
        
           | giraffe_lady wrote:
           | We built it, before we were intentionally allowed to die of
           | climate change and flu pandemics. If you sell your labor for
           | money you are building it, there is no plan for you
           | afterwards.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > Are we assuming robots got to a level where incredible
           | magical worlds could be built to server just a few people?
           | 
           | Given the other tech in the novel, that seems highly likely.
           | It includes nanobot "assemblers".
        
         | giraffe_lady wrote:
         | It really does seem to be the goal.
        
       | TimorousBestie wrote:
       | A weird title.
       | 
       | The content of the paper is summed up as "everyone felt like the
       | climate changed after 2015, the data up to 2023 was inconclusive;
       | we finally have enough to prove it with 95% confidence."
       | 
       | EDIT: The title is weird because it's generic to the point of
       | being unsearchable. I'm not disputing the facts of the paper.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | It's one of those titles that makes perfect sense to a
         | scientist working in the field, but which is quite inscrutable
         | to those not working in the field. (Just like the titles of
         | most HN submissions)
         | 
         | Since manuscripts are written for those working in the field,
         | and need to be, it's one of the big challenges of science
         | communication. In the past these articles would be in a library
         | and mailed out to the subscribing specialists, which minimized
         | the confusion. In the age of the internet, even our dogs can
         | read highly specialized scientific pre-prints that haven't even
         | been peer reviewed yet.
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | "inconclusive" only regarding the significant acceleration. The
         | warming part wasn't in question.
         | 
         | The actual abstract reads: "Recent record-hot years have caused
         | a discussion whether global warming has accelerated, but
         | previous analysis found that acceleration has not yet reached a
         | 95% confidence level given the natural temperature variability.
         | Here we account for the influence of three main natural
         | variability factors: El Nino, volcanism, and solar variation.
         | The resulting adjusted data show that after 2015, global
         | temperature rose significantly faster than in any previous
         | 10-year period since 1945."
        
           | TimorousBestie wrote:
           | Man, I get definition-lawyered a lot on HN but this is
           | something special.
        
         | tjnaylor wrote:
         | The title is a fair summary. The paper isn't simply confirming
         | the "climate changed [warmed]" since 2015. The paper is showing
         | the climate warmed the past decade _twice as fast_ as it had
         | between the decades from 1960-2000.
         | 
         | "This 58 indicates that the warming trend has been accelerating
         | from a rate of 0.15 - 0.2 *C 59 per decade during 1980-2000, to
         | more than twice that rate [0.4degC] most recently."
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | Yeah but now you can ask a question instead of providing a search
       | term!
        
         | azan_ wrote:
         | It's not a great idea to blame AI, which is small addition to
         | the global emissions. I suggest focusing on what's really
         | important, not what's currently trendy.
        
           | topaz0 wrote:
           | This is like saying in 1910 "cars are a tiny fraction of our
           | emissions, you should be focusing on the steam train and the
           | woodstove"
        
             | azan_ wrote:
             | No, it's not. The comparison makes zero sense and is
             | fuelled by social-media sentiment, not facts.
        
               | topaz0 wrote:
               | It's already using on the order of 1% of global energy,
               | and there are active plans to expand that by a factor of
               | 5 or more in the near future. That's as a percentage of
               | current energy use, which is already way higher than it
               | should be, so if all other sectors reduced theirs to
               | sustainable levels it would be like 5% now and 25%
               | planned. It's a bit more complicated when you account for
               | renewable energy, but certainly adding consumption is not
               | helping there. Now that buildout may not happen as
               | planned/advertised, but I think it's very reasonable to
               | worry about new things that make the situation worse even
               | by a few percentage points when you need to make things
               | better overall by much more than that to make progress.
               | Of course this is not to say that we _shouldn 't_ be
               | worried about/working on other sources of consumption
               | that are currently a larger fraction -- we need to keep
               | doing that too. But giving a pass to hundreds of TWh from
               | AI junk in favor of trying to reduce the thousands of TWh
               | from some other source by a couple hundred is a good way
               | to erase the gains that you make over there.
        
               | azan_ wrote:
               | Come on, if the first thing that comes to your mind is
               | something responsible for 1% with projection of 5%
               | emissions then it's clear that you don't really care
               | about actual solutions but prefer to parrot current
               | rhetoric from social media. Why not focus on the biggest
               | contributors?
        
       | spwa4 wrote:
       | Was anybody really expecting anything else? The only factor that
       | would matter is if _oil producing nations_ STOP producing oil
       | entirely. Not reduce, not limit, stop. Same with coal and other
       | small contributions. Note: limiting exports, CO2 limits in oil
       | customer states, ... all of that just doesn 't matter. And,
       | obviously, this is just not on the table. There is no way these
       | nations will make such a decision because what it would mean for
       | their economy. Plus it wouldn't matter unless they all make that
       | decision.
        
         | briansm wrote:
         | People are losing their minds at the prospect of oil
         | availability dropping just 20% for a month or two with the
         | closing of the Strait of Hormuz - even just this could collapse
         | the global economy.
         | 
         | So yea, no way is oil stopping or even dipping slightly any
         | time soon.
        
         | ncr100 wrote:
         | Your initial question is a fantastic thought focus.
         | 
         | The intention of the United States and the world is divided.
         | 
         | We love our money too much to care about the Next generation,
         | In my view.
        
           | spwa4 wrote:
           | "The intention of the United States and the world is
           | divided."
           | 
           | What do you mean?
           | 
           | The intention of the United States is maximizing oil use.
           | 
           | The intention of the World is maximizing oil use. Even EU
           | countries are panicking over _maybe_ being forced to use just
           | a little less oil.
           | 
           | So where do you see this difference? Clearly, the entire
           | world agrees: global warming is less serious than higher
           | prices on oil. Much less important.
        
         | DrBazza wrote:
         | And when we've somehow stopped using fossil fuels for
         | electricity, what next?
         | 
         | Guess what a lot of plastic is made from? And how planes fly,
         | and boats move?
         | 
         | And there's lots of countries that aren't at 'Western' living
         | standards. So we have decades of those countries building and
         | emissions to come.
         | 
         | Plus of course there's a lag in CO2 emissions to climate
         | change. The next couple of decades are going to get a lot
         | worse, before they get better, if at all.
         | 
         | https://www.wri.org/insights/4-charts-explain-greenhouse-gas...
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | What a surprise with all the wars going on, and AI depleting
       | Earth resources, what a change from about the pandemic era when
       | everyone was into paper straws and cups and promising to be a
       | better person, because that is what was going to change anything.
        
         | unglaublich wrote:
         | AI is nothing compared to automobiles and heating, construction
         | and shipping.
         | 
         | It uses a bunch of energy, but not so much compared to moving
         | yourself around in a car of plane.
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | A bunch of energy, water and Earth rare materials, nothing
           | really to care about.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | It is also much more likely to use renewable energy. Data
           | centers look at the local energy mix when planning where to
           | put one. (though they are perhaps taking energy that would
           | otherwise be shipped to a different city/state)
        
             | valiant55 wrote:
             | This is definitely not always the case[0], let's not
             | pretend these companies give a fuck about the communities
             | in which their data centers operate[1].
             | 
             | 0: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/jan/15/elon-
             | musk...
             | 
             | 1: https://www.texastribune.org/2025/10/09/texas-hood-
             | county-cr...
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Community has nothing to do with it. They are asking
               | about energy mix because that is important to enough of
               | their customers that it is worth looking at.
        
           | lambdaone wrote:
           | Yes. The obsession with demonizing AI/data centre loads seems
           | to be a deliberate distraction from the much, much larger
           | carbon loads of the economy at large relative to which IT
           | power consumption is a tiny proportion.
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | I think it's much less cynical than that. People both fear
             | and dislike AI, recognize that the "it may destroy my
             | livelihood and commodify human creativity" complaint falls
             | on deaf ears, and are latching onto anything resembling a
             | credible ethical complaint that people may actually listen
             | to.
        
             | alex_young wrote:
             | Animal agriculture is around 15% of global emissions, and
             | AI is probably .1% to .5%, but sure, stop using LLMs. That
             | will solve the problem.
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Indeed lets tear down forests to build soya fields for
               | all that fake meat tofu.
        
               | pingou wrote:
               | You must have been misinformed, they tear down forests to
               | grow soya to use as feedstock (mostly for beef). Nothing
               | to do with fake meat tofu, quite the opposite actually.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Animal agriculture is around 15% of global emissions_
               | 
               | The majority of which is methane, which only has a 7-12
               | year life. Which means -- unless for some reason you
               | started eating way more animals than you did yesterday --
               | that your emissions today simply replace your emissions
               | from 12 years ago. In other words, it is a stable system,
               | unlike carbon, which basically sticks around forever.
        
             | al_borland wrote:
             | Most people pushing back against data centers simply don't
             | want invite something into their city that will use up
             | resources (likely raising prices), while the big selling
             | point is that it will put them out of work. You can say
             | that won't actually happen and everyone will keep their
             | jobs, but that has not been the messaging. CEOs want to
             | know how many people they can get rid of once they start
             | using AI. Why would anyone sign up to have that in their
             | backyard?
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > AI is nothing compared to automobiles and heating,
           | construction and shipping.
           | 
           | When the oil in your frying pan is smoking, adding a _tiny
           | bit_ more heat may be unwise.
        
             | hackeraccount wrote:
             | Yeah that assumes that AI is an absolute negative. What if
             | it impacts positively? I mean you gotta spend money to make
             | money.
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | I would be fine if LLMs disappeared tomorrow, but if I
           | couldn't heat my house, I'd freeze to death. But I guess some
           | would argue that everyone needs to live in a city with
           | district heating.
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | Which in turn are also relatively small compared to the
           | damages of cattle and fishing.
           | 
           | Seriously adapting our diets around being more sustainable.
           | I'm not advocating for veganism or such, but at least to
           | understand that eating a burger pollutes as much as driving a
           | large vehicle for 50 miles and that maybe we can substitute
           | that with poultry or eggs or cheese many times.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | What about putting trees down for soya fields?
        
               | aziaziazi wrote:
               | Speaking of deforestation:
               | 
               | > Globally, 77% of soya is produced for animal feed,
               | 19.2% for direct human consumption and 3.8% for industry
               | (biodiesel, lubricants, etc.).
               | 
               | https://www.deforestationimportee.ecologie.gouv.fr/en/aff
               | ect...
               | 
               | Poultry protein efficiency is 21% and beef 3%
               | 
               | > We find that reallocating the agricultural land used
               | for beef feed to poultry feed production can meet the
               | caloric and protein demands of [?]120 and [?]140 million
               | additional people consuming the mean American diet,
               | respectively, roughly 40% of current US population.
               | 
               | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/1
               | 0/1...
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | Note the soy usage vary around regions. The first link is
               | from a French gov page, after the previous citation it
               | gives the world repartition:
               | 
               | > In animal feed, the largest consumer of soybeans is
               | chicken (37% of world production), followed by pork
               | (20.2%), aquaculture products (5.6%), dairy products
               | (1.4%) and beef (0.5%).
               | 
               | Which is quite different than the French reparation :
               | 
               | > flesh and egg poultry account for 44% of total
               | [imported] soy, then diary/mixed cows (36%) then flesh
               | cow (8%) and pigs (6%)
               | 
               | (fr) https://chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr/en-france-les-
               | animaux-dele...
               | 
               | Soy protein are 97.9% as digestible as beef
               | 
               | > protein qualify can be scored in terms of its Protein
               | Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS). Soy
               | achieves a PDCAAS of 0.92, comparable to beef at 0.94.
               | 
               | https://ourworldindata.org/land-use-diets
               | 
               | The DIAAS is sensibly worse (soy 0.898 - beef 1.116) but
               | still far from the beef protein efficiency cited above
               | (3%)
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestible_Indispensable_Am
               | ino...
        
         | qgin wrote:
         | All data centers in aggregate (AI and all other uses) use about
         | 1.5% of electricity production, which itself is about 20% of
         | total energy use.
         | 
         | So when people are focusing on AI above all other energy uses,
         | it doesn't really paint an accurate picture of what's going on.
        
           | Fricken wrote:
           | I've heard many different groups tell me their small fraction
           | is not the small fraction that matters.
        
             | qgin wrote:
             | It's not really about which one matters. They all matter.
             | But here is a rough breakdown of global fossil fuel energy
             | usage:
             | 
             | * Electricity: 27%
             | 
             | * Industry: 24%
             | 
             | * Transportation: 15%
             | 
             | * Agriculture & land use: 11%
             | 
             | * Buildings: 7%
             | 
             | Then within electricity, data centers use about 1.5% of
             | global electricity. Within data centers, AI accounts for
             | somewhere between 15-20% of energy use.
             | 
             | So if you take 27% x 1.5% x ~17%, you find that AI is
             | currently responsible for something like 0.07% of global
             | fossil fuel emissions.
             | 
             | It definitely matters in the "every bit matters" sense, but
             | also the numbers paint a really different picture than
             | you'd get from statement like the one we started with.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | You can split up every single industries/topics/&c. into
           | "yeah but it only use 1.5% of energy", "yeah but it only
           | produces 1.5% of the co2"
           | 
           | Guess what happens when you add them up...
        
             | logicprog wrote:
             | This kind of logic only works if the percentages for each
             | industry are all equally that small, so you can treat them
             | as all equally bad, but they are absolutely not.
        
             | moralestapia wrote:
             | >Guess what happens when you add them up...
             | 
             | I'll guess, they add up to 100%?
             | 
             | I don't see what's the insight here.
        
               | Ancalagon wrote:
               | Thats OP's point - you need to reduce usage everywhere
               | and pointing out that AI is only 1.5% doesn't take away
               | from the fact that usage needs to be reduced there as
               | well.
        
           | tencentshill wrote:
           | Wasn't crypto a significant percentage as well? And that was
           | before the AI buildout started.
        
             | rvz wrote:
             | Not even close. Crypto has always been able to cut their
             | own emissions before needing lots of compute.
             | 
             | AI on the other hand cannot, and still needs thousands of
             | wasteful data centers.
        
           | cshores wrote:
           | It will normalize though once everyone is out of a job
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | What otheer industries are hyping the need for tens of
           | gigawatts, maybe hundreds? On top of that they are hyping the
           | idea of building utterly unrealistic space stations that
           | would cost 10 times what the ISS cost. So maybe people are
           | focusing on the dishonesty instead of the energy use. One or
           | the other I suppose.
        
         | noslenwerdna wrote:
         | As we all know, global warming wasn't happening until AI data
         | centers started being built. They are honestly a drop in the
         | bucket
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | See also from yesterday, "Rising carbon dioxide levels now
       | detected in human blood"
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47261968
        
         | Bombthecat wrote:
         | This is good! Better to be numb and stupid when we die of
         | hunger on the streets
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | It's these dang seltzer waters I can't quit them!
        
       | ndiddy wrote:
       | I don't see the US doing anything about global warming regardless
       | of who's in charge. China has won on manufacturing cheap
       | wind/solar energy and is scaling up their cheap EV manufacturing
       | right now. Trump is definitely accelerating China's future
       | dominance by completely forgoing anything related to developing
       | or manufacturing green tech in favor of fossil fuels, but I think
       | both parties would rather get into a conflict with China than
       | cooperate with them and purchase their energy tech to deploy
       | domestically. Solar and wind power are already far cheaper than
       | coal or natural gas, and are much quicker to deploy, but the US
       | government would much rather prop up the domestic fossil fuel
       | industry than cooperate with China on renewables because fossil
       | fuel is where all the incumbent money is.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | At this point, one possible 50-years projection of outcomes
         | here is that China eventually declares the US an existential
         | threat to humanity's continued existence and deploys economic
         | or military power to stop it unless the US gets its act
         | together on carbon emissions. Can't build those AI datacenters
         | if China has physically embargoed the chips.
         | 
         | That may seem extreme, but the Chinese culture is more
         | collectivist than its Western counterparts and (perhaps unlike
         | the US culture) can recognize a threat as complicated as "This
         | entire nation's set of rules they treat the universe by
         | threatens humanity existentially" even when said nation can't
         | recognize it in themselves. Plus, India is hit hard and fast by
         | climate change in the short run so China already has an ally in
         | their backyard who would support them doing something about
         | polluters.
        
           | vixen99 wrote:
           | And this? https://ourworldindata.org/profile/co2/china
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | Correct; they are currently a major polluter. They are also
             | cognizant of that issue and taking concrete steps to
             | transition their power dependency off of fossil fuel. I
             | don't think the same can be said for the United States,
             | sadly.
             | 
             | China currently emits per-capita co2 about half that of the
             | US.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | China is clearly gearing up for war for Taiwan, and it is
         | highly likely the US will be involved if that happens. That is
         | why both Republicans and Democrats are worried about China. I
         | can't say what will happen in the future, but if you are not
         | worried about this you are not paying attention.
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | The one thing the US could do to combat global warming is
         | dropping the tariffs on chinese renewables. That's something
         | that could possibly go through a regular spending bill.
         | 
         | Power companies in the US are already deploying renewables
         | pretty quickly without incentive. If the tariffs are dropped
         | that'd further incentivize build out.
         | 
         | What should be done is carbon taxes and subsidies, but that's
         | not likely to be done. And since that's not going to happen,
         | economics is what will drive transition.
        
         | WarmWash wrote:
         | China installed the most new coal power last year than it has
         | in 20 years.
         | 
         | If you think China is developing renewables out of some kind of
         | green future plan, well there is a whole lot of geography and
         | geopolitical information that you are out of the loop on.
        
           | maffyoo wrote:
           | some context here is really important:
           | 
           | China started construction on an estimated 95 GW of new coal
           | power capacity in 2024 it accounted for 93% of new global
           | coal-power construction BUT, importantly, Coal power's share
           | in the electricity mix has steadily declined, dropping from
           | around 73% in 2016 to 51% in June 2025 heavily driven by
           | renewables push in China
           | 
           | China's average utilisation rate of coal power plants in 2024
           | was around 50% meaning there's already spare capacity. The
           | continued building is driven largely by energy security
           | concerns, financial incentives for coal-mining conglomerates,
           | and institutional momentum. The most immediate trigger was
           | power shortages of 2021, when factories had to cut production
           | due to blackouts. That was politically embarrassing, so
           | provincial governments and energy companies rushed to approve
           | new coal capacity as an insurance policy. More than 100
           | billion yuan in capacity payments were made to coal plants in
           | 2024 essentially the government paying plants just to exist
           | after all half the capacity isn't being used.
           | 
           | Chinese policy makers have plans to "strictly control" coal
           | use during the current period and start phasing down coal use
           | during the 15th Five-Year Plan period covering 2026-2030.
           | China also has a long-stated goal of peaking carbon emissions
           | before 2030 and reaching carbon neutrality by 2060. which
           | probably explains the apparent paradox of being world leaders
           | in renewables but investing more in Coal than anyone else.
           | usual caveats notwithstanding
        
       | lambdaone wrote:
       | This is terrifying, and those fighting against stopping or
       | reducing global warming should at this point be regarded as
       | _hostis humani generis_
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | The issue with any significant steps to curbing the climate or
       | environmental impacts with laws or treaties is always: But the
       | economy. It creates an incentive where someone doesn't follow the
       | laws, burn everything they can to accelerate their economy, and
       | take industry from other countries.
       | 
       | My proposal is thus: create a supranational treaty organization
       | with a EPA like authority(or whatever the European equivalent is)
       | that can inspect and fine companies in member organizations. Then
       | any treaty members agree with the following conditions: The EPA
       | can enter their nation freely, inspect, and are able to fine
       | companies that break rules. Members send delegates to a session
       | to create new rules democratically. And most importantly all
       | members act as a cartel, imposing large tariffs on any country
       | outside of the organization. So if US was in and Mexico was out,
       | you couldn't just pollute in Mexico, without some massive tariff.
       | This creates an economic incentive to be in and clean.
        
         | WarmWash wrote:
         | The real problem is that everyone has to sacrifice, but half
         | the people think there is no problem and then other half thinks
         | only corporations need to sacrifice (and are unwilling to
         | sacrifice themselves).
        
           | ComputerGuru wrote:
           | No one thinks only corporations have to sacrifice; they do
           | think that it's folly to ask individual members of society,
           | who on average contribute the smallest overall proportion to
           | global warming, to sacrifice while corporations continue to
           | squander away our natural resources. And the pareto principle
           | agrees.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | No, that's insufficient. Yes, corporations that cause the
             | most warming will need to be curtailed if we're to survive.
             | But those corporations are in the act externalizing costs.
             | Once you force them to internalize those costs, the visible
             | costs to consumers will increase, meaning less consumption
             | overall. If you can't convince those consumers that less
             | consumption is a good thing if it's in the service of
             | saving the biosphere, then they're going to rebel against
             | your efforts to properly force companies to account for the
             | environmental costs of their products. There's no either/or
             | here, it's the responsibility of both corporations and
             | individuals.
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | I think the problem may be that consumerism is the only
               | thing most people have left. Capitalism has already
               | comodified culture, ground workers down to replacable
               | cogs, and put home ownership out of reach. I think its
               | reasonable for people to demand that some of those things
               | be given back in exchange for abandoning consumerism.
        
             | JuniperMesos wrote:
             | Yeah but there's a lot of individual members of society,
             | and nearly all of them benefit from supply chains that emit
             | CO2 and would have to stop doing so in order to not emit
             | the CO2.
             | 
             | If gasoline in the US cost $20/gallon this would reduce the
             | amount of CO2 emissions because suddenly driving a
             | gasoline-powered car is much more expensive for everyone.
             | This would make a lot of ordinary Americans very upset.
        
             | Aerroon wrote:
             | Oil companies sell you gasoline that _you_ burn.
        
           | carlosjobim wrote:
           | One rule which always holds true in life: people who ask for
           | sacrifice will never sacrifice an inch themselves. No matter
           | what cause.
        
         | microtonal wrote:
         | _The issue with any significant steps to curbing the climate or
         | environmental impacts with laws or treaties is always: But the
         | economy. It creates an incentive where someone doesn 't follow
         | the laws, burn everything they can to accelerate their economy,
         | and take industry from other countries._
         | 
         | Or quickly develop to the point where solar, wind, and hydro is
         | cheaper than getting dead fossils out of the ground and
         | processing them.
         | 
         | I am not familiar enough with the economics of this to know
         | whether we are close to that point, but I can imagine once we
         | cross it, combustible fuel burners will be at a disadvantage if
         | they haven't invested in infrastructure needed for renewables.
        
           | queenkjuul wrote:
           | Solar plus batteries is the cheapest form of energy now as of
           | 2025
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | > It creates an incentive where someone doesn't follow the
         | laws, burn everything they can to accelerate their economy, and
         | take industry from other countries.
         | 
         | I think the flaw in this thinking is thinking that burning
         | things is the cheapest way to get energy.
         | 
         | Oil processing and extraction is a complex industry which
         | requires a huge continued investment. Coal requires massive
         | mining operations. Natural gas is probably the least intensive
         | of the burny things, and it still requires a pretty advanced
         | pipeline to be competitive.
         | 
         | Renewables are relatively cheap one time purchases. Save energy
         | storage, the economy that is most competitive at this point is
         | one powered by renewables.
         | 
         | That transition is already happening in the US without a
         | massive government regulation/mandate. In china, it's happening
         | a whole lot faster because the government is pushing it. And
         | the chinese economy is at no risk of being outbid by smaller
         | economies burning fuel.
         | 
         | The main reason burning remains a major source of fuel is that
         | for most nations, the infrastructure to consume it has already
         | been built. It's not because it's cheap.
        
         | jmye wrote:
         | My country mines rare earth metals. Your country processes them
         | into computer chips. Joe and Jane's country want those computer
         | chips to fuel their economy.
         | 
         | Who's getting fined, here? Me, because mining the stuff is
         | inherently dirty (without, probably, significant research and
         | capital investment)? You, because you need the stuff to build
         | other stuff? Joe and Jane because they're the ones ultimately
         | driving the production of the stuff? If you fine me into not
         | producing the raw materials, what, ultimately happens to your
         | economy and Joe and Jane's? If I don't sign up, where are you
         | going to get the raw materials, if I'm tariffed into oblivion?
         | 
         | Sorry, I'm not trying to like, doom this away - but there are
         | _so many_ interconnected pieces, that I don 't think it's a
         | problem that can even start to be solved from an internet
         | comment. At some point, voters in democratic societies need to
         | decide that they care as much about the world their children
         | will inherit as they do a ten cent difference in gas prices ten
         | minutes from now. It's unclear that they ever will on a long
         | term, consistent basis.
        
           | curiousObject wrote:
           | Rationally, you apply fines as close to the source as
           | possible. Because they will pass those costs up the stack.
           | 
           | But the source could be the most likely place for corrupt
           | reporting. Or: Maybe the source element is not dangerous but
           | downstream by-products are.
           | 
           | Like you've said: It's a problem.
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | Nobel memorial prize winning solution:
           | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257%2Faer.15000001
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | The economy is an abstraction. Millions of individual consumers
         | are concerned with the environment and have demonstrated that
         | they're willing to take individual actions to reduce their
         | environment impact. However, individual consumers are not in
         | charge of the economy, which is increasingly consolidated and
         | monopolistic. The majority of pollution is coming from
         | industrial activity, not from consumer activity, not even auto
         | exhaust, and the most important decisions are made by wealthy
         | industrialists who seem to care only about unlimited growth of
         | their own wealth and power, at the expense of the planet. (Even
         | if we're talking only about auto exhaust, think about how
         | return-to-office was forced on workers against their will after
         | the pandemic. Non-wealthy individuals simply don't have the
         | leverage over mega-corps.)
         | 
         | From a political perspective, I think the problems of global
         | warming and wealth disparity go hand-in-hand. It's difficult to
         | solve one without solving the other. To the extent that the
         | ultra-wealthy own the politicians, or actually become
         | politicians themselves, there is little hope for environmental
         | regulation.
         | 
         | Consumers don't need or necessarily even want unlimited
         | economic growth. That only "helps" consumers if they're relying
         | essentially on trickle-down economics, where we have to allow
         | the ultra-wealthy everything they want in the hope that they'll
         | spare us some change. A more equitable distribution of the
         | current wealth would reduce the pressure to produce ever more,
         | more, more.
         | 
         | Consumers usually want products that they own, not rent,
         | products that last for a long time and don't need to be
         | constantly updated or upgraded. Coincidentally, this is also
         | better for the environment. Producers often want the opposite
         | of that, in order to maximize profit. So what we get depends
         | crucially on the power balance or imbalance between consumers
         | and producers. This is where consolidation and monopolization
         | become a major factor.
         | 
         | A lot of the "convenience economy," dominated by temporary,
         | disposable goods, is predicted on consumers having no free
         | time, because they're constantly working. Despite vast
         | improvements in worker "efficiency," we haven't seen
         | comcomitant reductions in the number of hours worked. The
         | future of leisure facilitated by technological advances, which
         | everyone was imagining 50-60 years ago, never became a reality.
         | The technology did advance, but the leisure did not. The other
         | day (or night) I noticed Amazon delivery drivers arriving for
         | neighbors after 9pm; this is a dystopia.
        
           | orthecreedence wrote:
           | > So what we get depends crucially on the power balance or
           | imbalance between consumers and producers.
           | 
           | Gosh, if only consumers and producers were the same people.
           | What could we call this new economic paradigm?
           | 
           | But no, economic monarchy is the only way to have Freedom
           | (TM)(R), so let's slap on some easily-sidestepped regulations
           | and keep going the same direction! It'll probably turn out
           | fine.
        
         | jtr1 wrote:
         | "But the economy" is an out-of-date framing. The cost of
         | renewables has been plummeting for well over a decade. New
         | renewables are now cheaper than new fossil fuel plants in most
         | of the world, and in many regions they're already competitive
         | with or cheaper than simply running existing fossil fuel
         | infrastructure. As modern wars in Ukraine and now Iran are
         | increasingly demonstrating, they are not only cost effective
         | but rapidly a matter of energy sovereignty and national
         | security.
         | 
         | That's not to say we won't need treaties and supranational
         | entities for some aspects of decarbonization. Methane emissions
         | outside of agriculture are notably a problem of enforcement.
         | 
         | We're badly in need of a collective update to our priors
         | regarding renewables. In the US, a hostile policy toward
         | renewables is not only shooting ourselves in the foot
         | environmentally, we are now actively impoverishing ourselves
         | due to entrenched economic interests across the fossil fuel
         | industry and the cultural inertia they actively worked to
         | develop.
        
           | goatlover wrote:
           | A new US administration and Congress need to be voted in.
           | There is one party who backs fossil fuel interests and denies
           | anthropogenic climate change. They're currently in charge.
           | The American public didn't see that as an important enough
           | issue in 2024.
        
             | lokar wrote:
             | They are forcing power companies to run coal plants that
             | they don't want to run (at a loss).
        
           | breakpointalpha wrote:
           | In principle, you are right. Cheaper than coal renewables are
           | winning. Don't forget though, that fighter jets can't operate
           | on batteries.
        
             | lokar wrote:
             | They don't contribute enough to matter
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | And using more electrics powered transport in other
               | sectors frees up fossil fuels for other sectors.
        
             | UqWBcuFx6NV4r wrote:
             | That's a red herring. It's not worth mentioning.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | Except for the industries where it does matter.
               | Trivializing the needs of complex and energy hungry
               | supply chains, is bad faith. They are one of the many
               | reasons fossil fuels are so widely used.
        
               | 317070 wrote:
               | In the end, the industries that cannot run on biofuels
               | are rare to non-existant. It's not fuel which is the
               | problem, but fossil fuel!
               | 
               | You totally can fly on biofuel, but it is not cheap
               | compared to fossil fuel without externalized costs.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | If we stop using fossil fuels for the >90% of usage where
               | fossil fuels are easy to replace, it'll make it much
               | easier & cheaper for the <10% where it's difficult.
        
             | BLKNSLVR wrote:
             | So we won't be able to fight air wars over the last
             | remaining pieces of arable land.
             | 
             | I'm convinced.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | > _" But the economy" is an out-of-date framing._
           | 
           | Then why is my electricity and gasoline both so much more
           | expensive than they used to be?
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | There is a Nobel memorial prize winning plan to do something
         | like this in a more elegant, voluntary fashion. Nordhaus'
         | Climate Club.
         | 
         | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257%2Faer.15000001
         | 
         | It's essentially a carbon tax on local production and a
         | corresponding carbon tariff on imports. Countries that already
         | have a carbon tax or equivalent don't get tariffed. IOW,
         | they're part of the club.
         | 
         | Usually a carbon rebate is also included in the plan, although
         | that's not strictly necessary.
         | 
         | Germany was spear-heading an effort to create a carbon club,
         | but it fell apart, unfortunately. At the time a club that
         | didn't include the US seemed infeasible.
         | 
         | In 2026 a club that doesn't include Trump's America is a good
         | thing, not a bad thing IMO.
        
         | Findecanor wrote:
         | We have needed tariffs for many years now. The EU has some
         | tariffs on imports, but they are only used to level the playing
         | field for companies in EU countries with emission rules against
         | companies in countries without, and only in some select
         | industries.
         | 
         | They need to apply overall, on all goods and services.
         | 
         | And emission limits need to be progressive over time, with a
         | limit for each year, not just "x% at year 2030".
        
         | vrganj wrote:
         | Honestly, if the economy is killing us all, then screw the
         | economy.
         | 
         | The way our economic systems are set up is inherently anti-
         | human and only benefits a tiny fraction of the population
         | anyways.
         | 
         | It's time for a fundamental rethink.
        
           | mcdeltat wrote:
           | Bu-bu-b-bu-b-b-b-bu-bu-bu-but supply and demand bro!!!! It's
           | the free market bro! If people are buying, the free market
           | has decided the planet is right to be destroyed!!
        
         | cmxch wrote:
         | And what exactly would prevent a country like the United States
         | to use its outsize resources to moot this org?
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | If the US refuses to participate in the energy revolution,
           | then it'll be a Russia-tier power within a generation.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | Empirically, Europe's embrace of the "energy revolution"
             | has done far more to bring it closer to Russia, making
             | energy 2-3x more expensive and gradually destroying
             | Germany's industrial base. So much so that it can't even
             | produce as many munitions as Russia, in spite of a GDP
             | around ten times larger.
        
               | DFHippie wrote:
               | Give Germany time. The US and Russia have forced them to
               | rearm.
        
         | dottjt wrote:
         | The technical term for what you're broadly describing is Jevons
         | Paradox.
        
         | Aerroon wrote:
         | And why would countries adopt this? So that other countries can
         | use this cartel to push their own agenda? If anything it seems
         | like it would be in every country's best interests to make sure
         | such an organization doesn't exist.
         | 
         | In my opinion one of the reasons why European economies have
         | been struggling for a long time is because energy has been much
         | more expensive than elsewhere. Part of it is the excise tax on
         | gasoline because it drives up the price of everything.
         | 
         | Even to this day EU countries where people earn less than a
         | third of what Americans earn still pay more for gasoline.
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | Recycling someone else's quote:
         | 
         | "The economy is a wholly owner subsidiary of the environment"
         | 
         | Many people use the 'but the economy' argument (including my
         | mother in law, maddeningly) without seeming to have any remote
         | clue as to the truth of the quote above.
        
       | jokoon wrote:
       | Nothing will change until developed rich countries are starting
       | to hurt.
       | 
       | And I don't think it's going to hurt enough in 10 or 20 years.
       | 
       | The pain will come slowly, people won't see it.
       | 
       | It's like going back to the middle age so slowly, that the
       | population don't realize or feel it.
       | 
       | And honestly, wars and trump are making climate concerns so
       | difficult to think about.
        
         | gman83 wrote:
         | I think it'll start hurting sooner than that. We're already
         | seeing property insurance rates spiking, and in some places
         | it's even impossible to get property insurance. We could well
         | be up for a 2008-level real estate crash. That should get
         | Americans' attention.
        
           | californical wrote:
           | I feel like the possible real estate crash could be really
           | interesting.
           | 
           | Even different parts of a city would likely be affected very
           | differently, where the edges near the fire risks crash, and
           | the even mildly safer areas boom with high demand
        
         | Frogeman wrote:
         | The majority of pollution is caused by 3rd world/ eastern
         | countries.
         | 
         | Do you want to go to war with China to enforce an
         | environmentalist agenda?
        
           | wffurr wrote:
           | If this was the stated rationale and goal of the trade war,
           | I'd be all for it. This is exactly the kind of situation
           | tariffs are for.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | Tariffs on goods the world pays China to make which drives
             | up emissions?
        
           | queenkjuul wrote:
           | China produces a lot less carbon per capita than we do
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | Global warming doesn't care about 'per capita'.
             | 
             | Edit: Individuals do not build coal power plants, utilities
             | (and therefore, governments) do. India and China are
             | continuing to build fossil fuel power generation. Global
             | warming does not care about 'fairness', global warming
             | cares about co2 PPM in the atmosphere. When we address
             | climate change, we have to do so at the government level,
             | or we mine as well not bother.
             | 
             | The whole idea that we should look at 'emissions per
             | capita' or 'historical emissions' in the interest of
             | fairness is simply giving a license to governments to kill
             | genuinely poor people in the third world.
        
               | californical wrote:
               | And it also doesn't care about arbitrary country
               | boundaries. But it is affected by total emissions, and
               | per-capita measurements is one fair way to judge how a
               | country is doing
        
               | Longwelwind wrote:
               | It also doesn't care about arbitrary groupings of humans
               | (a.k.a countries).
               | 
               | The fairest system would be for each human being to have
               | an equal amount of pollution they are allowed to emit.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | There is literally no charitable interpretation of this
               | point.
               | 
               | How much of a problem any individuals CO2 emissions are
               | is completely decoupled from what nation they live in, or
               | how many people live in that nation specifically.
               | 
               | If you hypothetically split up Asia or the US into 100
               | smaller countries then local emissions are not suddenly
               | more (or less) of a problem than the are now (duh).
               | 
               | And of course more people have more of an influence on
               | global outcomes.
               | 
               | This whole argument makes about as much sense as
               | demanding that black people in Europe should not pay any
               | income tax, because the total tax income from black
               | people in Europe is very low, and "national budget does
               | not care about per capita".
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | This is so disingenuous. Individuals do not build coal
               | power plants, utilities (and therefore, governments) do.
               | India and China are continuing to build fossil fuel power
               | generation. Global warming does not care about
               | 'fairness', global warming cares about co2 PPM in the
               | atmosphere. When we address climate change, we have to do
               | so at the government level, or we mine as well not
               | bother.
               | 
               | The whole idea that we should look at 'emissions per
               | capita' or 'historical emissions' in the interest of
               | fairness is simply giving a license to governments to
               | kill _genuinely_ poor people in the third world.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | > India and China are continuing to build fossil fuel
               | power generation
               | 
               | Power plants are not built for specific national
               | governments, they are built because individual people
               | need and use the energy. More people => more powerplants
               | (number of governments is completely irrelevant, this is
               | purely a per-capita thing).
               | 
               | > When we address climate change, we have to do so at the
               | government level
               | 
               | Yes. For example by setting somewhat coherent CO2/capita
               | emission targets.
               | 
               | > Global warming does not care about 'fairness'
               | 
               | Irrelevant, because anyone affected does.
               | 
               | If you want a global reduction in emissions, how would
               | you _ever_ convince a poorer nation (like India) to
               | change anything while your own citizens are jet-
               | travelling around the globe multiple times per year?
               | 
               | It is obviously much easier and more effective to reduce
               | emissions by limiting a family to a single cruise
               | vacation per year (or only two cars) than to convince 10
               | rice farmers to stop firing their oven for heat during
               | winter...
               | 
               | If rich nations can not get their emissions even close to
               | a sustainable level, why would _any_ developing nation
               | sacrifice growth, wealth or anything, really, to make the
               | attempt?
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | I never said rich nations _shouldn 't_ cut their
               | emissions. If I were king, I'd enact a heavy carbon tax,
               | and I'd tell every country I traded with that they could
               | either do the same, or face tariffs and sanctions
               | weighted by emissions that would have basically the same
               | effect on their economy. I'd also insist that the
               | institute the same tariffs and sanctions on economies
               | _they_ trade with.
               | 
               | All of a sudden, you'd have the world's short term self
               | interest aligned with solving the long term problem.
        
               | queenkjuul wrote:
               | The comment i replied to does
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | > Global warming does not care about 'fairness', global
               | warming cares about co2 PPM in the atmosphere. When we
               | address climate change, we have to do so at the
               | government level, or we mine as well not bother.
               | 
               | That is _why_ per capita is the correct measure.
               | 
               | The atmosphere is very good at mixing CO2 so a given
               | amount of emissions anywhere has the same impact anywhere
               | as the same amount of emissions from anywhere else.
               | 
               | Whatever we decide the limit on atmospheric CO2 needs to
               | be to address warming needs to be converted into a quota
               | for each country, since enforcement has to be done at the
               | country level.
               | 
               | We can't just take the total and divide it by the number
               | of countries. That would mean that Vatican City would
               | have the same quota as the US. Regionally it would mean
               | that the EU would have 27 times the quota of the US.
               | 
               | The only sensible initial allocation is to divide the
               | total allowed by the world population, and assign each
               | individuals share to whatever country has the power to
               | regulate them.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | And they make most of the stuff we buy, including the
             | climate emissions involved in making them.
        
           | mossTechnician wrote:
           | I don't see why war is necessary. There could be something
           | like the Space Race, where nations flex their technological
           | skills at producing solutions to environmental problems.
        
             | atlintots wrote:
             | That race already started, but China is the only one
             | participating at the moment. The US has been running
             | backwards, though.
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | Over the past century, the US has produced more cumulative
           | carbon emissions than any other country, and it's not even
           | close.
           | 
           | China is in the middle of a massive expansion in wind, solar,
           | and electric vehicles. The US is burning even more coal to
           | support AI, and has gutted much of its federal emission
           | reduction efforts.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | This changed on the last decade or so. It's close now.
             | 
             | Of course, China has 5 times more people than the US, so
             | they get a little bit of leeway. But they are close, and
             | their emissions are growing.
             | 
             | That said, yes, they are investing more than anybody else.
             | And they are improving the technology we need more than
             | anybody else. People talking about military intervention
             | are full of shit, but we could use some diplomatic
             | collaboration.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | > and their emissions are growing.
               | 
               | I know nothing about it. I have read comments on this
               | very comments section, with references, that say China's
               | emissions are not growing. This is what makes this
               | subject so hard for the average numbskull like me, so
               | much misinformation.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions
               | 
               | The discussion is about what happened last year. We don't
               | have the last year's data assembled yet.
               | 
               | There's a real possibility it changed.
        
         | abound wrote:
         | I've been mentally tabulating a list of reasons rich (and/or
         | older) people should care about climate change, even if you're
         | only looking out for your own interests:
         | 
         | - Your children and younger family members will have to deal
         | with this
         | 
         | - Climate change is causing increasingly worse turbulence for
         | airplanes
         | 
         | - It will disproportionately affect your favorite vacation
         | spots
         | 
         | - Probably something about stock markets and pensions - a world
         | constantly wracked with increasingly severe natural disasters
         | isn't the most economically productive one
        
           | throwawaysleep wrote:
           | None of that would matter. Farmers are going bankrupt and
           | losing family land and yet...
           | 
           | There are a certain number of people who just cannot change.
           | There are large numbers of diabetics who die despite an
           | enormous number of warnings.
        
           | Findecanor wrote:
           | - The availability of food that you use often to get through
           | your day, such as Arabica coffee and chocolate.
        
           | cryptoegorophy wrote:
           | Climate change is not the main cause for turbulence.
        
             | mrintegrity wrote:
             | As you are probably aware, the op didn't say that it was
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | And since perhaps a source would be helpful, here's the
               | research saying climate change is having a significant
               | effect:
               | 
               | https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023g
               | l10...
               | 
               | BBC reporting:
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240524-severe-
               | turbulenc...
        
             | lovecg wrote:
             | In an indirect way it kind of is though. At the end of the
             | day there's more energy trapped in the atmosphere (stronger
             | jet streams, more frequent and stronger frontal weather)
        
           | nullhole wrote:
           | Wildfires have to be a big one as well, the time range and
           | geographic range is growing on a seemingly yearly basis.
           | 
           | Related, home insurance cost increases (and, in places,
           | unavailability) from wildfires & worsening storms hits the
           | pocketbook directly.
        
           | niels8472 wrote:
           | You should consider it's much easier rich people to deal with
           | the fallout from climate change (or living in a
           | failed/failing state for that matter) than for poor people.
           | Plus they often have interests in the things that are causing
           | the issue(s) in the first place. Additionally, the children
           | argument is probably the most powerful, but they would
           | probably expect their children to be rich too. All in all I'm
           | doubtful the arguments you are providing have any effect.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | I think there is a level of working class poor where it
             | hardly makes a difference what goes on to the world around
             | your life as you are working paycheck to paycheck with much
             | of your available time regardless. How worse it could get
             | doesn't look appreciably different than how bad it can get
             | already.
             | 
             | A little higher up the economic pole is who stands to lose
             | the most. Those are the people who will see actual quality
             | of life reductions and not be able to afford to return to
             | old norms.
        
           | 01100011 wrote:
           | "Your children and younger family members will have to deal
           | with this."
           | 
           | If my 50 years on the planet has taught me anything, it's
           | that this is not a sufficient motivation the current
           | generation in power.
        
             | cute_boi wrote:
             | Yeah, they'll just close their eyes and say our kids will
             | figure something out.
        
           | 9rx wrote:
           | _> - Climate change is causing increasingly worse turbulence
           | for airplanes_
           | 
           | Cutting out air travel is the single most accessible and
           | impactful thing an individual can do with respect to climate
           | change. You can stop turbulence from getting worse, but since
           | you won't be flying in the first place...
        
         | asib wrote:
         | Developed rich countries are hurting. See the wildfires across
         | North America, massive amounts of flooding across Europe, etc.
         | 
         | Nothing will change until many of the global electorate stop
         | burying their heads in the sand. These people don't change
         | their minds until things affect them specifically. Then they
         | change their mind, and all their former fellows tell them
         | they're brainwashed.
         | 
         | This doesn't change until nearly everyone is affected, and by
         | then we're so far into the catastrophe that the consequences
         | don't even bear thinking about.
        
           | socalgal2 wrote:
           | What have you done? Why is it someone else's problem?
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | It's a collective problem that we all have to solve
             | together. I'm doing my part. What have _YOU_ done?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I don't know how much surface area you consume, but the
               | single biggest cause of energy use is spread out living
               | in detached single family homes in the USA and other
               | developed countries.
               | 
               | All the recycling, solar panels, electric cars, whatever
               | don't come close to making up for the fact that each
               | family of 4 living on a 0.1+ acre lot with all the
               | various setbacks and whatnot, commuting many miles to
               | work and school and grocery stores and the gym, moving
               | all that mass of people, students, workers, food, water,
               | sewage, trash, gas, etc is orders more consumption than
               | if people were living in dense arrangements such as
               | apartments in 4 and 5 story buildings.
               | 
               | Energy = Force * distance
               | 
               | From what I can tell, none of it means anything as long
               | as detached single family homes are still the expected
               | lifestyle, at current populations. Might as well consume
               | as much as we can while we ride into the sunset, or cull
               | the population quickly.
        
             | kelvinjps10 wrote:
             | How does he has the power to change it?
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | The top three emissions sources are industry, electricity,
             | and transportation. There have been important federal and
             | state-wide attempts to address these, but Trump guts
             | regulation every time he's in office. Chevron is dead,
             | SCOTUS repeatedly rules to let big business do whatever
             | they want, and we're now burning even more coal to meet AI
             | energy demand.
             | 
             | Compare this to China, where the government is aggressively
             | promoting green energy and electric car tech.
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | China is the number one burner of coal and other dirty
               | fuels and only growing. This type of disingenuous
               | analysis really sets the wrong understanding of the
               | world.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | It's also the number one producer of solar energy and
               | growing. It's just a huge country with a lot of
               | everything. Can we help them use more solar?
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | China has 4x our population and emits 1/3 less per
               | capita. They've also been flat or falling for the last 21
               | months. US emissions rose by 2.4% last year.
               | 
               | Furthermore, because carbon emissions stay trapped in the
               | atmosphere for hundreds or thousands of years, one should
               | also note that the US is responsible for more than a
               | quarter of cumulative emissions, twice as much as China.
               | 
               | I'm more interested in solving the problem than assigning
               | blame, but it baffles me when people argue that we
               | shouldn't need to focus on this because it's really
               | China's fault.
        
             | asib wrote:
             | I've voted for parties that care about addressing the
             | climate catastrophe.
             | 
             | It's obviously someone else's problem if that someone
             | refuses to accept there's a climate catastrophe.
        
             | jmye wrote:
             | What an odd question. Is this just the "and yet you
             | participate in society" meme trying to act as insightful
             | conversation, or did you have something to actually say?
        
             | deaux wrote:
             | > What have you done?
             | 
             | Made a shitload of sacrifices, how about you?
        
           | marcyb5st wrote:
           | I agree. Also, we already tried to rely on the goodwill of
           | the people and here we are with warming speeding up.
           | 
           | We need some mechanism that penalizes polluters, benefits low
           | emitters, and stops/limits/taxes/... worldwide shipping when
           | local alternatives are available to avoid these [1]
           | abominations.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/Damnthatsinteresting/comments/1e
           | 4zl...
        
           | jcfrei wrote:
           | I have a different take: Things will change once a big part
           | of the electorate no longer feels like climate change
           | policies will hurt their pocket. A lot of the opposition to
           | the policies are from people who aren't in the richer
           | percentiles and probably work in a field that's related to
           | fossil fuels (like heating engineers, car mechanics, etc.).
           | They fear job losses and that their commute and heating bills
           | go up.
        
             | asib wrote:
             | Not responding to climate change is hurting everyone's
             | pocket. Home insurance premiums are obscene in some places.
             | Energy insecurity due to reliance on fossil fuels sourced
             | from overseas (particularly relevant right now with the US
             | war on Iran and Russian war on Ukraine). Extreme
             | temperatures mean we either spend more money on
             | heating/cooling our homes or, if you're not wealthy enough
             | to pay, you pay by having to endure the temperature
             | extremes.
        
               | jcfrei wrote:
               | Not disputing that it will hurt everyone's pocket. But
               | politically it is very fraught to push for policies that
               | will benefit a new group of people (wind turbine
               | engineers, solar cell installers) at the expense of an
               | established group (gas turbine mechanics, fuel truck
               | drivers). And for the home owners: It's not hurting them
               | on a broad enough level - people who oppose climate
               | change policies probably just don't care about homes in
               | the coastal areas getting flooded - maybe because most of
               | the opposition lives further inland.
        
               | deaux wrote:
               | > Not responding to climate change is hurting everyone's
               | pocket
               | 
               | No it's not. There's a large group of people whose
               | pockets are being lined by it. A large group of
               | billionaires.
        
             | virgildotcodes wrote:
             | The universe was not built to cater to our desires. We
             | can't have our cake and eat it too.
             | 
             | Virtually all economic activity consumes resources and
             | energy, directly or indirectly, and in the process creates
             | ghg emissions.
             | 
             | If we want to curb climate change and our emissions, it
             | necessarily means we're going to take an economic hit.
             | 
             | We either do that willingly with some degree of ability to
             | exercise control along the way, or be forced by physics to
             | take an even worse economic hit and face vastly more death
             | and suffering without our hands on the wheel.
             | 
             | There's no option where we don't get our pockets hurt.
        
               | jcfrei wrote:
               | Same reply to you as the other commentator: Fully agree
               | that not doing anything will hurt more. The hard part is
               | finding policies that actually work without costing the
               | lower and middle class more right now. The conservatives
               | basically everywhere around the world are against
               | redistribution - so they ideologically oppose anything
               | that looks like it. At the same time if we just enact
               | policies that limit CO2 the rich people won't really care
               | that flying, heating, driving and some foods have gotten
               | a bit more expensive. But the poor people will. And of
               | the ones who would get hurt by the higher prices a lot of
               | them are ideologically opposed to any kind of
               | redistributing policies. So you are kind of stuck in a
               | catch-22 for now.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | An interesting policy proposal is negative tax. Basically
               | take the carbon cap, divide by the number of people, and
               | give the equivalent carbon tax price to each person. A
               | person who uses exactly average carbon sees no change,
               | while a person who uses less gets a tax rebate, and a
               | person who uses more pays more. You can charge it at the
               | source, tariffing oil by its carbon content and then
               | reducing taxes by that amount for everyone.
        
               | jcfrei wrote:
               | Again - poor people, which:
               | 
               | - still drive old cars with lots of CO2 emissions
               | 
               | - live far away from their workplace
               | 
               | - probably have a poorly isolated home with oil or gas
               | heating
               | 
               | will be the ones with higher than average emissions. And
               | the rich people who do will just shrug at this minor
               | extra expense. I feel like this is not mentioned enough
               | in discussions (probably because wealth disparity is such
               | a touchy subject) but your ability to reduce your carbon
               | footprint is also directly tied to your wealth.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | The average would also include rich people - if rich
               | people are using far above average and poor people are
               | using slightly above average, who's below average?
        
               | deaux wrote:
               | > The hard part is finding policies that actually work
               | without costing the lower and middle class more right now
               | 
               | You imprison the current administration for treason,
               | seize their ill-gotten gains and there you go, hundreds
               | of billions of dollars.
               | 
               | It's absolutely trivial. There's just a group of people
               | that doesn't want it.
               | 
               | Simultaneously institute an inheritance tax as well as an
               | exit tax of 90% of assets above $1+ billion, at time of
               | death or leaving. That's a cool $1+ trillion in revenue
               | for the next few decades. Both exit taxes and inheritance
               | taxes are very established and work fine in plenty of
               | countries, FYI. Not like yearly wealth taxes that are
               | always criticized as not working or untested.
               | 
               | It's _trivial_ to come up with policies that don 't hurt
               | the lower nor the middle class. Laughably easy. There's
               | however a group of people that are blocking them. Those
               | people are the problem and their blocks need to be
               | removed to get closer to preventing then oncoming
               | extinction event (which has complete scientific
               | consesus). These policies work, and what needa to be done
               | is removing of their blockers.
               | 
               | Come on now everyone, at least give an argument before
               | you downvote. Warren Buffet is set to give away 99% of
               | his wealth, so it's clearly possible. Humanity can no
               | longer depend on the others to have the same basic
               | decency as he does - clearly he's the exception, the
               | others don't have it.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | I have a different different take. It's not the
             | electorate's pocketbook that matters, it's the political
             | donors pocketbook that matters.
             | 
             | "Drill baby drill" will be echoed so long as petroleum
             | companies and petroleum rich nations dump billions into
             | propaganda outlets, politician campaigns, and in the US,
             | PAC groups to support "drill baby drill" friendly
             | politicians.
             | 
             | So long as that dynamic exists, it doesn't matter if 80% of
             | the electorate screams for change. So long as the incumbent
             | advantage exists forcing people to vote mostly on social
             | issues, these sorts of economic and world affecting issues
             | will simply be ignored.
             | 
             | There's a reason, to this day, you'll find Democrats talk
             | about the wonders of fracking, clean coal, and carbon
             | capture.
             | 
             | IDK how to change this other than first identifying the
             | issue. Our politicians are mostly captured by their donors.
             | That's the only will they really care about enacting.
        
               | jcfrei wrote:
               | Not sharing your take of the electorate's powerlessness
               | at all. It's not an overwhelming majority (only 57% of
               | voters in the US: https://yougov.com/en-
               | us/articles/54124-nearly-half-american...) which thinks
               | they need to do more about climate change. I think most
               | politicians are in tune with their voters - you need to
               | change the people's minds if you want stricter policies.
               | Refine the question a bit more and ask people if they
               | still want to do more against climate change if some
               | basic necessities in their life will get more expensive
               | and you will likely even drop below 50%.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Well part of that 43% I think have their opinions
               | primarily because of propaganda from the same donors who
               | are buying off the politicians.
               | 
               | But also, I'd point out that even in the Democrat party
               | where this is more of an 80:20 issue with their
               | constituents, the democrats are still far too friendly to
               | fossil fuels (Biden, for example, specifically campaigned
               | on how much he loves natural gas, fracking, and carbon
               | capture).
               | 
               | This isn't the only 80:20 issue where democrat
               | politicians are out of alignment with their base. That's
               | also what informs my pessimism.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Solar power is cheaper than oil, but it doesn't work
               | 24/7. If you can find a way to work with that, switching
               | to solar is already financially incentivised. Even if you
               | can't, we're already seeing whole countries and regions
               | saturating at 100% solar electricity during daylight
               | hours, significantly reducing oil usage. It doesn't
               | matter what the oil sellers want, because it's a buyer's
               | market for energy when the sun is out, and they're not
               | going to throw extra money at oil companies just because.
        
             | selectodude wrote:
             | Eh, until "owning the libs" stops being a very valid
             | electoral strategy, I think that's optimistic.
             | 
             | Not sure how we fix that either.
        
             | siruncledrew wrote:
             | Until climate plans align with short-term personal
             | incentives, I don't see how there's going to be any serious
             | persistent fight against climate change.
             | 
             | People might feel benevolent one day and do something good,
             | but the next day when they are faced with a problem and the
             | environment is a convenient trash can or resource bin,
             | they'll go right back to those bad habits.
             | 
             | The only way things will change is if everyone's life gets
             | made miserable by the effects.
        
           | xienze wrote:
           | Aren't all these developed countries voluntarily self-
           | depopulating by way of having birth rates below replacement?
           | Seems like the problem will sort itself out if we can resist
           | the urge to invite the entire third world to come in and
           | instantly raise their carbon footprint to first world levels.
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | That effect is much too slow.
        
           | arrowleaf wrote:
           | Wildfires across North America really scare me. I live in a
           | valley in the west where wildfire smoke from not only our
           | state but surrounding states comes in and settles, leaving an
           | AQI over 150 for most of late July through September.
           | 
           | Not only climate change, but aggressive firefighting over the
           | past 50 or more years has caused a lot of material low in the
           | fire ladder to accumulate, which in natural or at least pre-
           | Columbian forests would be cleared out by routine fires.
           | Brush and deadfall for example. The larger trees in healthy
           | forests don't succumb to fire, but these fires have been
           | decimating whole stands of trees. Pair that with almost zero
           | snowpack this year, the only positive thing I can say is that
           | I'm glad I can enjoy spring a bit earlier this year.
        
           | fnordpiglet wrote:
           | The problem is humans are really bad at perceiving
           | externalities at this scale, cause / effect between small
           | actions and large effects, and effects that play out over the
           | span of their lifetime rather than the span of their day. The
           | denialist rationale shifted over the years from doubting the
           | very basis of the science, to claiming its just a short term
           | blip, to its natural long term cycles, to ... everything that
           | involves not looking up.
           | 
           | I think the truth is we won't really take this seriously
           | globally until the changes are so severe that it'll take
           | generations to undo if ever.
        
           | kakacik wrote:
           | Politicians, at least freely elected, are a symptom of given
           | population at given time. Don't blame trump for trump, he
           | made it painfully obvious to whole world who he is and who he
           | certainly is not, sort of kudos to him for being consistent.
           | 
           | Blame fully the people who saw all this and voted for him
           | _twice_. At least if you care about root of the problems and
           | not just venting off. I am not offering a solution to
           | educating half of US population which clearly doesn 't care
           | about facts, or lacks any basic moral compass... I don't have
           | a practical solution.
           | 
           | US 'special' form of voted democracy failed and failed hard,
           | lets see how far this gets in next 3 years and if any actual
           | lessons learned happen afterwards (I don't hold my breath
           | since reality doesn't behave just because it would be nice
           | and viable time to act is gone I think).
        
             | thinkcontext wrote:
             | > Blame fully the people who saw all this and voted for him
             | twice
             | 
             | Thrice actually
        
           | newsoftheday wrote:
           | > See the wildfires across North America
           | 
           | I asked Gemini, "How long have wildfires across North America
           | happened and are they truly any worse now?"
           | 
           | "Wildfires have occurred across North America for millions of
           | years, predating humans entirely." It also had some very
           | detailed information backing that up.
           | 
           | I then asked, "Were any of those fires in the past 20 years
           | started by arsonists?"
           | 
           | "Yes, arson is a significant factor in North American
           | wildfires, though it is often overshadowed by accidental
           | human causes (like downed power lines or unattended
           | campfires) and natural causes like lightning."
        
             | islandfox100 wrote:
             | Well if Gemini says fires have existed, that's enough
             | proof!!!!
        
           | BikiniPrince wrote:
           | The wild fires are entirely because of lack of management.
           | This is why insurance companies noped out. The crazies
           | believe it is an environment impact to manage the lands and
           | then it all burns down. At least someone can blame the fires
           | on something else. I guess it's a win?
        
         | energy123 wrote:
         | The initial pain will be diffuse and not obviously caused by
         | global warming.
         | 
         | For example, destabilization of equatorial countries due to wet
         | bulb temperatures, through multiple causal paths: worse
         | education outcomes (many days off school during hot months),
         | worse economy (can't work outside), worse life satisfaction ->
         | more autocracies, more water scarcity.
         | 
         | Then you get more emigration to the colder north, more conflict
         | and more suffering. But not much of it is easily and directly
         | attributable to temperatures.
         | 
         | Much of it is foregone upside, like GDP growth that's 3%
         | instead of 5%.
        
           | marcyb5st wrote:
           | I am not sure how not directly linked to global warming. I am
           | currently on the phone but I remember a study that mentioned
           | that Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh would see a deadly heat
           | (wet bulb temperatures) from basically 0 as it is right now
           | to 30 days/year by 2050 or 2060. I can't remember right now.
           | 
           | If that is not linkable to global warming I am not sure what
           | is. And that is a huge event. In Europe we are struggling
           | with accomodating perhaps 10M people. What happens when 1.5B
           | come knocking because if they stay they die?
        
             | cess11 wrote:
             | "What happens when 1.5B come knocking because if they stay
             | they die?"
             | 
             | More taxes go to ammunition for autonomous border guard
             | systems.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | This is not inevitable. We have time, now, to prepare for
               | the future, which doesn't have to be a carbon copy of
               | today.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Right now things are getting worse in that regard, not
               | better
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | Unfortunately most political systems around the world
               | reward short term results, not long term thinking.
               | 
               | Just look here in the USA -- the Democrats tried to do
               | some forward thinking things like subsidizing solar and
               | wind, and they were rewarded by losing at the ballot box
               | (of course that isn't the only reason, but it's one of
               | many).
               | 
               | There are no rewards for long term thinking, so it's hard
               | to get anyone to do it.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | So, those of us with no suede in this race, who will see
               | no reward from the system _anyway_ , are the only people
               | who can be trusted to make change. That means you and I
               | (and I dare say a significant portion of the populace).
               | 
               | It's not obvious what we can do (individual actions taken
               | within the context of a system are dwarfed by structural
               | forces of the system), but we're the only ones who are
               | going to do it. So, let's assume we _did_ fix things, and
               | we 're looking back from 2050, doing a retrospective.
               | What things did we end up doing, that got us to that
               | point?
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | There's nothing you as an individual can do, or even a
               | small group of individuals. This is where government is
               | supposed to work. Using its power to force everyone to do
               | something for the collective good that isn't profitable.
               | 
               | Almost all emissions come from factories. There are only
               | two ways to reduce that -- a global set of rules that
               | increases costs to reduce emissions, and an overall
               | reduction in consumption, via a carbon tax.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Factories are staffed by people. Those people have the
               | physical capability to change the way the factories
               | operate. Any individual person attempting to modify /
               | replace the factory equipment against their line
               | manager's will would quickly find themselves out of a
               | job, but collective action among factory workers (e.g.
               | unions) might work. So might getting the line managers on
               | board with the proposal, if you can get enough buy-in
               | that "we used our discretion" is an acceptable answer:
               | it's not like most companies _actively want_ to pollute,
               | rather that it 's usually cheaper to do so, and they
               | don't _care_ about not. Being able to say  "this move
               | reduces turnover among our workers, slashing training
               | costs; and you can probably use it in the B2B / B2C
               | [delete as appropriate] marketing, since environmentalism
               | sells in some markets; and this way, we're prepared for
               | future legislation expected in jurisdictions A, B and C"
               | may be sufficient justification. Alternatively, there may
               | be ways to exploit the principal-agent problem.
               | 
               | I'm sure there are people who've specced out detailed
               | proposals for this sort of thing. There might even be
               | previous cases where they've _succeeded_ , which we can
               | learn from. Neither of those "two ways" you mentioned are
               | things that I can do, but I _may_ be able to slightly
               | reduce the intensity of the opposition. (Companies tend
               | to _like_ when regulations require their competitors to
               | do things they 're already doing, after all.)
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | > Almost all emissions come from factories.
               | 
               | industry, transport and home use (heating & A/C mostly)
               | are all roughly 30% of emissions.
               | 
               | (another way of splitting it says electricity, industry,
               | heating, and transport are roughly almost 25% each. It
               | depends whether you count electricity on its own or
               | bundle it with how its used)
               | 
               | But I agree with you about solutions. The market will
               | quickly bankrupt any companies that induce extra costs to
               | decarbonify. It's the governments job to ensure that
               | externalized costs like CO2 emissions are internalized
               | via carbon taxes. (or alternatives to carbon taxes, which
               | are worse)
        
               | deaux wrote:
               | > (of course that isn't the only reason, but it's one of
               | many).
               | 
               | This is disingenuous. It's one of many in that it may
               | have contributed 0.0001%. If they wouldn't have done
               | that, would they currently have more power? Absolutely
               | not, believing otherwise means being clueless about what
               | has motivated people to vote in certain ways.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | It's definitely more than .0001%. Look at the campaigns.
               | How much time did the GOP spend harping on windmills and
               | solar subsidies and "clean coal". Calling out democrats
               | for trying to make the environment better _at extra cost
               | to US citizens_ was a huge part of their campaign.
        
               | deaux wrote:
               | I expected you to say this, but hoped you wouldn't. Of
               | course I know they talk about it. GOP campaigns say and
               | do a lot of things, there's dozens of topics they shout
               | about. From Benghazi to Hillary's Emails to gender-
               | neutral emails to immigrants to indeed coal/renewables
               | and so on. You could easily name 30 topics.
               | 
               | The topics have different purposes. Fossil fuels vs
               | renewables in particular hasn't won the reps a single
               | race, I repeat. Every race they've won, they would've won
               | without it. And every race they've lost, they would've
               | lost without it. The purpose of bringing up that
               | particular topic for them isn't to help win close races.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | > The purpose of bringing up that particular topic for
               | them isn't to help win close races.
               | 
               | How can you possibly know this? How could you know what
               | is in the mind of every voter and why they make the
               | choice they do?
               | 
               | They bring it up for a reason -- because their research
               | says talking about helps them win elections.
        
               | cess11 wrote:
               | Sure, but if you were to make that concrete, what would
               | you recommend and where do you see potential for it to be
               | implemented?
        
               | rapind wrote:
               | > "What happens when 1.5B come knocking because if they
               | stay they die?"
               | 
               | You think that's bad... Up here in Canada we'll have to
               | deal with Murican immigrants as things heat up. Talk
               | about killing the vibe.
        
               | un-diletante wrote:
               | I think the least of your worries will be immigrants when
               | an imperialistic nation with superior military power
               | realizes that the annexation of your land is necessary
               | for its survival.
        
               | rapind wrote:
               | I actually am moderately concerned with that to be
               | honest. If the US doesn't have free and fair midterms I
               | don't think it's really that paranoid to be worried about
               | it.
        
               | jpadkins wrote:
               | This is why it's so important we pass the America SAVE
               | Act. We have to stop MAGA from cheating in 2026.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Why would the US annex canada? It is already in the
               | american hegemony.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | To distract from the Epstein files.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | I'm surprised even the smarter democrats are saying that
               | stupid line. Distraction would imply there are still to
               | be people who have not yet learned and formed an opinion
               | on the Epstein files. Everyone knows about these already
               | and made their positions about it.
               | 
               | As it turns out the most abhorrent things can come out
               | with those Epstein files and it doesn't seem to hurt
               | Trumps support among his base any. Doesn't seem to be
               | threatening any legal action for him or implicated
               | parties. Once again only Maxwell is in jail, somehow,
               | with dozens and dozens of witnesses stepping forward.
               | Democrats have been grandstanding on this man for 10
               | years now and haven't been able to stop him. I think by
               | this point it is clear he is going to get away with
               | everything even if people want to write about him
               | "flailing." Him flailing is literally him achieving all
               | his domestic and foreign policy goals right now and his
               | base couldn't be more pleased...
        
             | ragall wrote:
             | > What happens when 1.5B come knocking because if they stay
             | they die?
             | 
             | We sink the boats.
        
               | skvmb wrote:
               | Y E S
        
               | peterpost2 wrote:
               | Are you that excited to see innocent people die?
               | 
               | Or am I misunderstanding your comment?
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Indeed, no reason to expect anything will happen
               | differently from what is currently happening, but on a
               | 150x bigger scale.
        
             | boutell wrote:
             | Patricia Anthony published a novel about this in '93. Cold
             | Allies. It's good military sci fi. Doesn't pretend to offer
             | answers.
        
             | dontwearitout wrote:
             | Chapter 1 of "The Ministry of the Future" describes a
             | fictional wet bulb event. It's grisly and horrific and I
             | highly recommend you read this chapter, it changed my view
             | on climate change.
             | 
             | https://books.rockslide.ca/read/780/epub#epubcfi(/6/14!/4/2
             | /...
        
               | marcyb5st wrote:
               | Thank you. I will
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | > What happens when 1.5B come knocking because if they stay
             | they die?
             | 
             | Like let them build few of those sci-fi domes and let them
             | keep buying disposable bottled oxygen? I don't get the
             | pessimism. India makes its own rockets. Pakistan has nukes.
             | Why are they supposed to be incapable of holding the nation
             | together on Mars-like Earth?
             | 
             | Tokyo is already hitting 40C/100F at >90% RH during
             | summers. It's already mildly unsurvivable. Nobody cares.
             | Maybe in 10-20 years we'd be wearing spacesuits, but do
             | anyone seriously think the equatorial regions will be
             | uninhabitable and land prices on northern Europe is going
             | to skyrocket???
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | The fact people already live in some of the hottest
               | places in the world today should speak a little to human
               | resiliency.
        
               | vlz wrote:
               | We can live in hot places if the air stays dry, which it
               | usually does or historically did. If the air gets more
               | humid we cannot anymore.
               | 
               | > Humans may also experience lethal hyperthermia when the
               | wet bulb temperature is sustained above 35 degC (95 degF)
               | for six hours.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoregulation
        
             | t0bia_s wrote:
             | There are also statistics showing that mortality because of
             | cold is much higher than mortality because of heat.
             | 
             | About 9 times higher.
             | 
             | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S25425196
             | 2...
        
           | morkalork wrote:
           | Wasn't a drought originally part of the cause of Syria's
           | collapse into civil war? Climate change is already causing
           | unrest in equitorial countries, mass migration and a
           | corresponding rise in authoritarianism / right wing populism
           | in Europe.
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | You're making the "It's snowing there can't be global
             | warming" argument in reverse.
             | 
             | One local drought can't be attributed to or be proof of
             | global warming.
             | 
             | It's like smoking causing lung cancer; (the following
             | numbers are made up) 5 in 100 non-smokers might get lung
             | cancer but 20 in 100 smokers do. 5 of those smokers would
             | have gotten lung cancer anyway and 15 wouldn't have but
             | there's no way to know which individuals are in which
             | cohort.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Not necessarily. Climate change means there will be more
               | droughts; and if droughts cause civil war, there will be
               | more civil war (that's the GP's relevance); even if we
               | can't tell which ones were caused by global warming,
               | that's still bad.
        
               | morkalork wrote:
               | Oh no, on the contrary, I'm saying it's already started
               | and people aren't paying attention.
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | That's the sum of climate change. "GDP growth of 3% instead
           | of 5%."
           | 
           | Severe enough to be noticeable, but not severe enough to
           | warrant radical climate action. Not an extinction threat. A
           | "slow trickle of economic damage, some amount of otherwise
           | preventable death and suffering, diffused across the entire
           | world, applied unevenly, and spread thin across many decades"
           | threat.
           | 
           | And stopping the GHG emissions demands radical, coordinated
           | global action. Major emitters would have to pay local costs
           | now - for the sake of global benefits many decades down the
           | line. And those emitters are not the countries that face the
           | worst climate risks. Global superpowers can tolerate climate
           | change - it's countries that already struggle as it is, that
           | don't have the resources to adapt or mitigate damage, that
           | can face a significant uptick in death and suffering rather
           | than damage in the realm of economics.
           | 
           | That makes climate action a very hard sell for the
           | politicians. Thus the tepid response.
           | 
           | By now, I'm convinced that the only viable approaches to
           | climate change lie in the realm of geoengineering. Which does
           | not require multilateral coordinated action against a
           | "tragedy of commons" scenario, and is cheaper than forcing
           | local GHG emissions into negatives.
           | 
           | Even non-permanent geoengineering solutions offset impacts
           | here and now - thus buying time for fossil fuel energy to
           | succumb to the economic advantage of renewables. And
           | geoengineering measures can be enacted unilaterally by many
           | powers - as long as the political will is there to absorb a
           | few strongly worded condemnation letters.
        
             | gzread wrote:
             | And then when the GDP finally collapses, there will have
             | been nothing that could be done about it for the last 50
             | years and they'll ask wtf we were doing in 2040, why we
             | didn't stop it then.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | That's the nasty thing. It doesn't "finally collapse".
               | 
               | The world just eats the climate costs and keeps going.
               | 
               | There's no global catastrophe. No single moment when the
               | magnitude of your folly is revealed to you a blinding
               | flash. Just a slow trickle of "2% worse". A loss of what
               | could have been.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | There's only so much worse things can get before the
               | fundamentals of civilization aren't there any more. 3
               | meals a day from anarchy.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | The world got hit with WW2 and moved on. It takes a lot
               | to destroy "the fundamentals of civilization" on a global
               | level. Climate change is woefully insufficient.
        
               | applfanboysbgon wrote:
               | The problem is that we will not move on from WW3, and
               | famine, water depletion, resource exhaustion etc. are all
               | existential problems for individual countries that will
               | cause conflicts between previously peaceful nations. At
               | some point the nations in conflict will have alliances
               | and nuclear weapons, and people will use them when the
               | choice is between that or starving to death by the
               | millions. I would be somewhat more optimistic about
               | humanity's ability to weather worsening circumstances if
               | we didn't develop the human extinction button in all of
               | our grand technological wisdom.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | Climate change is not the great equalizer people want it
               | to be.
               | 
               | Nuclear superpowers are among the _least_ likely
               | countries to actually collapse from climate damage.
               | 
               | US isn't Syria, and it's Syria that's at risk.
               | 
               | First world countries like France can absorb a +30% spike
               | to food prices. Countries where the same food price spike
               | would come with a major death toll don't have the tools
               | to kick off WW3.
        
               | applfanboysbgon wrote:
               | Pakistan and North Korea have nuclear weapons. What makes
               | you think that other countries won't develop them when
               | push comes to shove? Right now the status quo is such
               | that smaller countries find violating international
               | sanctions on nuclear weapon development to be
               | disadvantageous (no immediate benefit from having them;
               | expensive to have them; economic punishment for having
               | them). The calculus on the status quo changes
               | considerably when famine or other ecological disasters
               | are threatening to wipe out half your population. Is the
               | US going to invade all potential nuclear weapons
               | developers like it did with Iran? Do you have complete
               | confidence that will always work and never escalate
               | towards anything larger?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Is the US going to invade all potential nuclear
               | weapons developers like it did with Iran?_
               | 
               | Invade? No. Bomb? Probably. Same if for India if _e.g._
               | Sri Lanka decides it wants nuclear weapons.
               | 
               | Global warming will unfortunately disproportionately hit
               | poor, equatorial countries. (Also, starving countries
               | can't afford a nuclear programme. There is no breakout
               | risk in Sudan.)
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | You know it. The country that was probably the closest to
               | "developing nuclear weapons" is currently in the process
               | of being bombed to shit for it.
               | 
               | Not the only reason, no. But their nuclear ambitions
               | certainly did contribute to their current predicament.
               | 
               | Nuclear weapons take time, expertize, resources and
               | sustained political will to develop and deploy. If you
               | have all of that, you might be able to put all of that
               | towards climate adaptation instead. Or: go for the nukes
               | and bet hard that you aren't going to get bombed to shit
               | for it. Worked out for NK, but doesn't seem to have
               | worked for Iran.
               | 
               | I think the level of tolerance US has for marginally
               | stable autocracies with nuclear weapons has receded
               | permanently.
               | 
               | Not to mention that merely _having_ a nuclear bomb doesn
               | 't automatically allow one to cause WW3. Nuclear weapons
               | were used in a world war already, and that didn't even
               | destroy a single country - let alone the world. It takes
               | a lot of nukes, and a lot of delivery mechanisms, to
               | actually move the needle on the matter of human
               | civilization existing.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > US isn't Syria, and it's Syria that's at risk. First
               | world countries like France can absorb a +30% spike to
               | food prices
               | 
               | And you think a second, much larger Syrian refugee
               | migration will have 0 impact on France?
               | 
               | Nothing happens in a vacuum. Everything and everyone is
               | connected.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | WW2 hit the higher layers of abstraction. You could still
               | grow food plants in those countries during and after the
               | war, but the governance structures were bombed. Climate
               | change is the opposite. If you can't grow food, you're
               | fucked.
        
               | adrian_b wrote:
               | Whether there will be a global catastrophe or not, it is
               | unknown yet and unpredictable.
               | 
               | There are many mechanisms of positive feedback that can
               | accelerate global warming instead of just reaching an
               | equilibrium at a higher average temperature than now.
               | 
               | If some of those mechanisms of positive feedback would be
               | triggered, a global catastrophe would be possible, due to
               | the excessive speed of the climate change, which does not
               | give enough time for the biosphere to adapt to it.
               | 
               | Instead of hoping that we will be lucky, it would have
               | been much better to avoid such risks and prevent further
               | increases in CO2 concentration and average temperature.
               | 
               | I am old enough to have seen a dramatic change in climate
               | from the time when I was a child, when the seasons were
               | still exactly as they had been described for centuries
               | and millennia at that location in Europe, to the present
               | time, when winters are no colder than autumns were before
               | and I have never used again my winter clothes and boots
               | for about 15 years.
               | 
               | I find such a radical change during my lifetime quite
               | scary and I see no evidence for claims that "the world
               | will keep going". The truth is that nobody knows whether
               | this will be true and hoping that this will happen
               | without doing anything to guarantee such an outcome is
               | reckless.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | There is not enough "positive feedback" going around in
               | the system to do anything of the sort.
               | 
               | Plenty of feedback mechanisms were proposed,
               | investigated, and found lacking. It's a "makes climate
               | change 10% worse than it would otherwise have been" kind
               | of thing, not a "makes climate change 1000% worse than it
               | would otherwise have been" kind of thing.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Making the temperature rise 10% worse doesn't mean the
               | GDP impact won't be 1000% worse.
        
           | realo wrote:
           | "Migration to the colder north..."
           | 
           | Maybe that's why the Trump regime wants so badly to invade
           | Canada and the Groenland?
        
         | thinkcontext wrote:
         | I wonder if the current war will significantly accelerate the
         | roll out of non-fossil energy. If the Strait of Hormuz stays
         | closed for a few more weeks there's going to be significant
         | pain, not just for energy but things like fertilizer etc. Once
         | you deploy a solar panel it works for 20+ years, conflict
         | doesn't cut you off from energy.
        
         | wing-_-nuts wrote:
         | Nothing will change until billionaires start losing money over
         | it. Then it will be a national priority.
         | 
         | It's also why I've sort of resigned myself to a cynical
         | optimism that the worst won't come to pass. The rich are not
         | going to tolerate losing money. They will force through
         | geoengineering stopgap measures that will save us from
         | catastrophic warming, at the cost of unknown consequences.
         | 
         | This is why I vehemently disagree with those who say we
         | shouldn't be conducting research on geoengineering. It _will be
         | done_. The only question is, will we have done enough research
         | to understand the potential consequences, or not?
        
           | haizhung wrote:
           | Don't get cynic. The good news is: the worse it gets, the
           | more impact every single .1 degree of prevented climate
           | change has.
           | 
           | I'm with you in the billionaires. Research has shown again
           | and again that people _do_ care about climate change and
           | _want_ it to be stopped - but only if they have the
           | socioeconomic status to actually care.
           | 
           | If, as so many people on this planet, you are living paycheck
           | to paycheck, and the social security nets are being
           | dismantled by the uber rich, you instead switch into a
           | ,,protect what's mine" mindset. This further exacerbates the
           | tragedy of the commons.
           | 
           | So I am of the following opinion: fix wealth inequality;
           | which will give people their actual lives back; and will
           | reduce the political power of the sociopathic billionaire
           | class.
           | 
           | Then, the rest almost takes care of itself.
        
             | 3371 wrote:
             | Yeah just fix that already, how hard could it be?
             | 
             | The problem is human, not society, I don't any any -ism can
             | fix human.
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | This is why I think the middle strength Global South countries,
         | who hurt the most in the near term and have the necessary
         | resources, will unilaterally start albedo modification. They
         | don't need permission of rich nations and it will become an
         | existential issue that they might risk sanctions and war over.
         | That's when it will become "our problem" (in the eyes of the
         | extremely selfish and/or stupid members).
        
         | chewbacha wrote:
         | They are already in pain but are blaming immigrants instead of
         | trusting science.
        
           | xienze wrote:
           | True or false: a person in a third world country has a lower
           | carbon footprint than someone in a developed country.
           | 
           | Also true or false: an immigrant from a third world country
           | will have a higher carbon footprint if they emigrate to a
           | developed country.
           | 
           | Maybe they are part of the problem.
        
         | deadbabe wrote:
         | _> Nothing will change._
         | 
         | Fixed
        
         | jmcgough wrote:
         | Soon, we'll have millions of climate change refugees, battles
         | over resources, regular once-in-a-century storms, more wars.
         | We're close to the point where we'll be too busy thrashing to
         | address the root cause.
        
           | gzread wrote:
           | This isn't a powerful motivator to people who think they will
           | win those wars.
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | No one wins in a protracted war.
        
         | apexalpha wrote:
         | A lot HAS changed. Europe even has a tax on CO2 emissions.
         | 
         | It's just not enough and it's very hard to convince the public
         | to accelerate when the US not only gave up but it actively
         | reversing to fossil fuels.
        
           | NDizzle wrote:
           | At what European tax rate will China and India work on
           | reducing their CO2 emissions?
        
             | jgraham wrote:
             | China has now had flat CO2 emissions for two years, and
             | experienced a decline in overall CO2 emissions during
             | 2025[1]. Part of this is that they're deploying way more
             | renewables than basically any other large economy [2].
             | 
             | They've also pivoted their industrial strategy so that
             | basically the entire green energy sector depends on Chinese
             | supply chains. This is significantly contributing to their
             | economic growth [3].
             | 
             | I don't know to what extent taxation in Europe contributed
             | to China's decision making here, but it presumably created
             | an market for green energy and therefore helped solidify
             | the economics.
             | 
             | This is of course not to say that there's nothing to
             | criticize in China's environmental policies; there
             | certainly is. But the trope of "why should we do anything
             | because China won't" turns out to be spectacularly ill-
             | informed. Indeed I think it makes more sense to ask the
             | opposite: what are the likely consequences now that China
             | has positioned itself as the global centre of green energy,
             | and what should other countries be doing to ensure that
             | they're not left behind?
             | 
             | [1] https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-chinas-
             | co2-emissions-ha... [2]
             | https://www.carbonbrief.org/g7-falling-behind-china-as-
             | world... [3] https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-clean-
             | energy-drove-more...
        
         | inaros wrote:
         | The bottle is half full:
         | https://youtu.be/CFyOw9IgtjY?list=PL3A647D3FD57E0F96&t=205
        
         | frogperson wrote:
         | Chaos is extactly where fascism thrives. Expect to see more
         | trumps, not less.
        
         | cess11 wrote:
         | Why would something "change" because "developed rich countries"
         | hurt? Why wouldn't those leaders just roll with it and see it
         | as inevitable, or a purification of their degenerate
         | populations, or just another day in the end times, or whatever?
         | 
         | I expect "change" when people form unions or union like
         | organisations and withhold or redistribute their labour, both
         | waged and in more subtle forms, such as attention, and unwaged
         | but socially important labour (e.g. women refusing to be
         | servile homemakers and instead get guns and start soup
         | kitchens).
        
         | utopiah wrote:
         | > until developed rich countries are starting to hurt.
         | 
         | Well Spain, 12th largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest
         | in Europe, isn't exactly poor and yet seems to hurt quite a bit
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_Spain#Impact...
         | ... but I bet the wealthiest Spaniards have air conditioning,
         | heating, bottled water delivered at home by staff, etc to
         | isolate themselves. That does include politicians.
         | 
         | So... IMHO until the richest of the rich countries hurt, then
         | nothing will change. They (we?) are very sheltered precisely by
         | leveraging their wealth to abstract away from the lowly
         | difficulties of life, like the weather.
         | 
         | TL;DR : yes, but the more insulated feel it less and
         | consequently, rationally, think they have more time thus
         | postponing the process.
        
         | tlogan wrote:
         | China creates about 30-35% of global emissions. India about 8%
         | but it is climbing fast.
         | 
         | What rich countries do is they just export their factories to
         | other countries and say: look we do not pollute.
        
           | vixen99 wrote:
           | Would someone like to explain why the Chinese (if as you say
           | produce 30-35% of global emissions) don't appear to see a
           | problem or at least if alluding to it as they do, fail to do
           | much about it as major contributors of emissions? And then of
           | course there are the countries proud of a relative lack of
           | emissions who are merely exporting the problem to somewhere
           | else, often enough, China.
        
             | youngtaff wrote:
             | Yes, they're still burning coal and gas but China are
             | making huge strides in non CO2 intensive electricity
             | generation
             | 
             | China are the reason solar has become so affordable for the
             | rest of the world
        
               | tlogan wrote:
               | The latest major IEA estimate says China's CO2 emissions
               | reached 12.6 Gt in 2023, up 4.7% from 2022.
               | 
               | On the other hand U.S. CO2 emissions decreased slightly
               | between 2022 and 2023. About 2-3% (from 4.79 to 4.68 Gt)
               | 
               | I just do not understand how we can claim any kind of
               | progress here.
        
           | 01100011 wrote:
           | CA buying gasoline from Bermuda, shipped via the Panama
           | Canal, because it refuses to allow new refineries is the
           | perfect demonstration of this.
        
             | gzread wrote:
             | That's also kind of a pigovian tax though, right? By making
             | gasoline more expensive they discourage its use. I guess
             | they're chicken to make it an _actual_ tax
             | 
             | Also why wouldn't it come from other US states? Seems
             | easier
        
               | 01100011 wrote:
               | Pipelines, the Jones Act and CA blend requirements
               | prevent CA from getting much gas from other states.
        
               | tlogan wrote:
               | Sadly, it does not come from other states. It comes from
               | other countries which, amazingly, tend to have much less
               | strict environmental regulations.
               | 
               | Yes, California is a little cleaner because we have fewer
               | refineries and gas is more expensive, but globally we are
               | probably about even.
        
           | youngtaff wrote:
           | US is the largest historical emitter... responsible for
           | something like 25% of all man made CO2 emissions
        
             | tlogan wrote:
             | The entire west world contributes 28.8%. US is about 11%.
             | [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-
             | review-2025/co2-em...
        
           | DeepSeaTortoise wrote:
           | Exactly, this was the whole point of Trump calling climate
           | change a hoax to benefit China, but somehow this got twisted
           | by the media into not denying climate change being an anti-
           | Trump position.
           | 
           | The base then started demanding this from their reps and
           | Trump almost picked up on this himself. It took years to undo
           | that damage and even now we're barely back at a pro-clean
           | air, pro-solar and pro nuclear position...
        
             | lukas099 wrote:
             | This is why politicians are usually expected to choose
             | their words carefully. Most of them know that what they say
             | matters and has effects on the real world.
        
           | patmorgan23 wrote:
           | Just for reference China has about 17% of the world's
           | population, and India has about 18%.
           | 
           | China has also been deploying lots of renewable and nuclear
           | energy, and their carbon emissions actually falling.
           | 
           | Solar and wind have gotten so cheap we should be able to
           | forgo more fossil fuel deployment in developing nations.
        
             | tlogan wrote:
             | China CO2 emission increased a lot over the last 20 years
             | and it is growing every years. Not decreasing but
             | increasing. The IEA estimate says China's CO2 emissions
             | reached 12.6 Gt in 2023, up 4.7% from 2022.
             | 
             | On the other hand U.S. CO2 emissions decreased slightly
             | between 2022 and 2023. About 2-3% (from 4.79 to 4.68 Gt)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.iea.org/countries/china/emissions
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | We are already seeing it in Colorado. Record low snowfall,
         | record heat, record winds; which are a very bad set of
         | conditions for fires.
         | 
         | The power company is now preemptively shutting off our power.
         | Which is really fun in the winter.
         | 
         | I'm honestly not sure about the future of my hometown Boulder.
         | The odds of it fully burning to the ground seem to increase
         | significantly every year.
        
           | chazburger wrote:
           | Get your own solar and batteries.
        
           | ragall wrote:
           | It will take a few fires like the one in LA, but eventually
           | even the USians will learn it's not a good idea to build
           | cities out of wooden houses.
        
         | chazburger wrote:
         | I don't know, was in Haiti a few months ago and they burn all
         | kinds of shit there. Gotta get them on solar and wind. Whatever
         | happened to the Clinton foundation's billions?
        
         | slibhb wrote:
         | > Nothing will change
         | 
         | Things have already changed!
        
         | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
         | Nothing will happen until the super rich who define policy
         | begin to hurt. And they won't hurt because they can exploit the
         | situation to become even richer.
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | I think it will change when the people that don't believe in
         | global warming die off, ala 'Science progresses one funeral at
         | a time'. For the US, that's basically Boomers and Gen X [1], so
         | I still think your 10 - 20 years estimate is decent (they don't
         | have to _all_ die, but as more pass away I expect progress)
         | 
         | [1] https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/05/26/key-
         | findi...
        
         | deepsun wrote:
         | Well, most deforestation happens in poor underdeveloped
         | countries. Yes, they hurt, but keep doing it.
        
           | jimnotgym wrote:
           | For the UK at least, this must be in a large part because we
           | already cut our forests down. We simply couldn't deforest at
           | a high rate, because there aren't enough trees left to go at.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | > Nothing will change until developed rich countries are
         | starting to hurt.
         | 
         | The EU reduced their emissions by over a third from their peak.
         | Their emissions per capita is less than that of China (not
         | meant to be a dig at China who is the leader the development of
         | renewables). Even Americans reduced their CO2 emissions by 15%
         | in absolute terms and by about 30% per capita as well.
         | 
         | Why is it so hard to understand that individual people, let
         | alone hundreds of millions of people in aggregate, can have
         | multiple priorities? This whole doomerist attitude doesn't help
         | anyone. If anything, it contributes to the erosion of the good
         | things we already have. Nobody gave a damn about USAID saving
         | millions of people until it could be weaponized against
         | Trump/Elon for taking it away.
        
         | dismalaf wrote:
         | Rich countries will never feel it. Look at the middle east.
         | Already scorching desert, they build indoor ski hills...
         | 
         | On the plus side, I think we'll solve global warming, with
         | technology, in a few generations.
        
         | fortedoesnthack wrote:
         | it depends where you live... I live in Japan now. One comment I
         | hear often and see reflected in old TV shows is how different
         | summers are already. 20-25 years ago it would have been
         | considered a hot summer day around 30c.
         | 
         | Now every summer day is 30c+.
         | 
         | Also, a comment I hear often is that people didn't really need
         | air conditioners back then. You definitely cannot get away with
         | living in Tokyo without an air conditioners these days!
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | Same with Los Angeles. In the 1950s, when my parents were
           | young, you didn't need AC in LA. You just opened a window on
           | the few hot days, and those were like high 70s/low 80s.
           | 
           | By the 1990s, you didn't _need_ AC, but your home /rental was
           | more appealing if it had one, because there were a few hot
           | days a year that were pretty uncomfortable otherwise.
           | 
           | Now, you can't not have it. There are far too many hot days
           | to live without it.
        
           | _whiteCaps_ wrote:
           | Same thing here in Vancouver. I took a picture of my car's
           | dash display reading 43*C during the heat dome in 2021!
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | I initially supported this comment but no, I think it's worse
         | than this. As rich countries cut back, dirty energy becomes
         | cheaper and developing nations just use more. They'll need to
         | use more just to fight the climate. India, for instance, is
         | going to need a whole lot of air conditioning just to survive.
         | 
         | Sure, blame developed nations for getting us here, but the path
         | forward isn't solely in the hands of those developed nations.
        
         | bko wrote:
         | > Nothing will change until developed rich countries are
         | starting to hurt.
         | 
         | Ironic OECD countries actually REDUCED their emissions based on
         | a peak in 2007 and continue to do so. Not reduced as a
         | percentage of GDP or adjusted for population growth, but
         | reduced in absolute levels. It's all China, but I guess it's
         | cool to blame things on developed countries.
         | 
         | There are literally 100k deaths in Europe that can be prevented
         | if they lifted restrictions on AC so that they can feel good
         | about making a negligible effect on carbon emissions. So I
         | think you have it opposite, how much pain do rich countries
         | have to endure before they realize that their efforts are in
         | vain.
         | 
         | And before you say "that's because the West outsources all the
         | dirty production to China", even trade adjusted emissions are
         | down considerably and continue to be down.
         | 
         | Please do some research if you're interested in this topic,
         | it's not hard to do. Just follow the logical steps.
         | 
         | 1. What causes global warming
         | 
         | 2. Who produces most of these chemicals
         | 
         | 3. Are there any global trends over the last 20 years in
         | production of these chemicals
         | 
         | https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions
         | 
         | https://ourworldindata.org/consumption-based-co2
         | 
         | https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/europes-crusade-against-air-co...
        
           | gzread wrote:
           | China is some years behind our industrial development then
           | undevelopment, and is building an entire USA of solar panels
           | every year or whatever - can we expect them to quickly reduce
           | emissions soon?
        
             | bko wrote:
             | I thought the world and civilization would collapse because
             | of carbon emissions. It's either serious or it's not. If
             | it's serious then it doesn't really matter right?
             | 
             | It's like you're on a boat that sprung a leak and everyone
             | grabs a bucket. But a few people choose to not help because
             | it's not fair for whatever reason.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | What?
        
               | bko wrote:
               | The point is that China is the only thing that matters at
               | this point. It's a lot bigger, has surpassed OECD and is
               | growing quickly. Every decline of emissions by developed
               | countries is more than made up for by growing China
               | emissions
        
               | islandfox100 wrote:
               | https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-chinas-
               | co2-emissions-ha...
               | 
               | Chinese emissions have peaked and are now falling.
        
               | mbgerring wrote:
               | Emissions in China are not growing, and Chinese
               | manufacturing is largely responsible for falling
               | emissions in developed countries
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > It's a lot bigger, has surpassed OECD and is growing
               | quickly
               | 
               | Please stop lying. It hasn't cumulatively emitted as much
               | as the OECD [1], and cumulative emissions are the cause
               | of our current predicament.
               | 
               | It's also doing the _opposite_ of growing.
               | 
               | 1. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-
               | co2-emissions-...
        
               | squibonpig wrote:
               | Are you a climate change doesn't matter guy or a china is
               | the climate change causer guy? You can't do both at once.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | I'm pointing out the hypocrisy and the focus people have
               | on developed countries is just signaling. A weird anti-
               | west sentiment from people who almost exclusively live a
               | wealthy life in the west.
               | 
               | I'm not an expert, but from what I have read I believe
               | humans do have an effect on climate. However this doesn't
               | mean that any draconian measure that would essentially
               | impose one world government and population control (which
               | is the inevitable outcome of all of this) is preferable.
               | But more importantly I'm anti stupid measures like
               | restricting air-conditioning because they make a
               | negligible impact and literally kill 100k+ people a year.
        
               | lukeschlather wrote:
               | China has roughly .4 AC units per person while the USA
               | has roughly 1 AC unit per person. You are simultaneously
               | arguing everyone should have an AC, and that China should
               | stop expanding their usage of AC.
               | 
               | I'd argue everyone should have an AC if they need one
               | (probably China needs more than they have.) But we
               | shouldn't build any more fossil fuel extraction, people
               | who need AC should figure out how to do it with batteries
               | and renewable energy. (Nuclear is fine, if it makes sense
               | economically.) We don't need population control, we just
               | need to add sufficiently large taxes on things we want
               | less of. AC isn't a thing we want less of, it's carbon
               | emissions.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | To deniers both arguments are valid - just use whichever
               | one is more convincing to the person you're talking to.
               | The objective is continue using fossil fuels no matter
               | what.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | To _alarmists_ both arguments are valid - just use
               | whichever one is more convincing to the person you 're
               | talking to. The objective is _stop_ using fossil fuels no
               | matter what.
               | 
               | Im not sure what is this type of debate good for.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | What "both" arguments are so-called alarmists using?
               | What's an alarmist, exactly?
               | 
               | And yes, the objective is to stop using fossil fuels.
               | That's not exactly a secret agenda, it's the _whole
               | fucking point_.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | What is denier, exactly?
               | 
               | Seriously, there is no debate with this rethoric.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_denial
               | 
               | You didn't answer either of my questions. Even though I
               | asked first.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | You missing the point, again.
        
               | __s wrote:
               | To your metaphor, their point is that if everyone is
               | grabbing buckets while someone else is working to spring
               | more leaks, maybe someone needs to set aside their bucket
               | & stop the person springing leaks
        
               | reitzensteinm wrote:
               | Nah, the analogy for your argument is:
               | 
               | Two Americans and ten Chinese are on a lifeboat. The
               | Americans are each eating two sandwiches a day and the
               | Chinese are eating one. Supplies are low. You do the math
               | and note that the Chinese sure are eating a lot of
               | sandwiches.
        
             | peab wrote:
             | they continue to build more solar, more wind, but also more
             | coal power plants.
        
               | bschwarz wrote:
               | China is also replacing old, inefficient coal power
               | plants with new ones.
        
               | mbgerring wrote:
               | No, they are not building new coal fired power plants at
               | the same rate they are expanding renewables. This is
               | several years out of date.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | A year ago, the IEA thought China's emissions had peaked:
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/chinas-fuel-
             | demand-m...
             | 
             | And this recent assessment puts emissions from China at
             | "flat or falling" for the past 21 months:
             | 
             | https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-chinas-co2-emissions-
             | ha...
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | > can we expect [China] to quickly reduce emissions soon?
             | 
             | They did, last year.
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | A reminder that reducing emissions isn't enough. We actually
           | need them to be net-negative.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | _Eventually_ we want to get there, post 2050, but at a very
             | low rate compared to our net emissions right now. Still, it
             | 's far cheaper to avoid emitting now than it is to pull it
             | down later, so every time you drive your kids to school
             | remember the debt you are saddling them with.
        
           | daed wrote:
           | > Ironic OECD countries actually REDUCED their emissions
           | based on a peak in 2007 and continue to do so
           | 
           | Any idea what percentage of this reduction is due to
           | offshoring manufacturing?
        
             | bko wrote:
             | Keep reading the comment, pretty much the same.
             | 
             | > https://ourworldindata.org/consumption-based-co2
        
           | krd8ssb wrote:
           | To add to this, no matter what countries do, we can make our
           | local environments nicer to live in by reducing pollution but
           | across the globe, solar activity has exponentially more, and
           | the ultimate impact. With the magnetic field weakening, it's
           | going to continue going in this direction as it has
           | throughout history.
           | 
           | I'm not saying we shouldn't do what we can to make our local
           | environment better and protect and Preserve what we have. We
           | absolutely should. I'm just stating that this is not the
           | first time the Earth has heated or cooled and nothing that we
           | do will ultimately stop it from this cycle from continuing.
        
             | iknowstuff wrote:
             | You've been misinformed. Yes solar activity fluctuates.
             | Human induced climate change is still real and affecting
             | temperatures much more rapidly.
        
           | HappyPanacea wrote:
           | > There are literally 100k deaths in Europe that can be
           | prevented if they lifted restrictions on AC so that they can
           | feel good about making a negligible effect on carbon
           | emissions.
           | 
           | What restrictions are there on AC?
        
             | bko wrote:
             | Several EU countries have mandatory temperature limits for
             | air conditioning in public buildings. Spain, Italy, and
             | Greece have all announced that A/C in public buildings
             | cannot be set lower than 27C (80F) in summer Some
             | exceptions allow up to 25C like restaurants and some work
             | places.
             | 
             | The EU's F-Gas Regulation creates significant restrictions
             | on refrigerants used in air conditioning
             | 
             | There's significant red tape when installing AC due to
             | building regulations
             | 
             | 90% of US homes have AC while only 20% of European homes
             | have it, I don't think that's by accident.
             | 
             | Fun fact, some EU countries even have laws telling you how
             | much you can open your windows! In the UK, there is a law
             | that in any public building, windows must not open more
             | than 100mm (about 4 inches).
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Are you claiming there are restrictions on installing
               | ACs, or there are restrictions on how those installed are
               | used? The two are quite different arguments.
               | 
               | And 27C is a completely normal temperature. When it's 35C
               | outside, you're better off with a minimised thermal shock
               | with a small difference, instead of going at it the US
               | South or Dubai style where inside it's 18C, so all
               | everyone does is move from one air conditioned place to
               | another (home to car to office to car to mall to home).
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | Newer refrigerants with lower GWP are great actually.
               | That's not a restriction on installing AC.
               | 
               | Your mentions PUBLIC building policies are irrelevant
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > Spain, Italy, and Greece have all announced that A/C in
               | public buildings cannot be set lower than 27C (80F) in
               | summer
               | 
               | So?
        
           | crystal_revenge wrote:
           | > Ironic OECD countries actually REDUCED their emissions
           | based on a peak in 2007 and continue to do so.
           | 
           | Our economies are _built_ on oil burning somewhere else in
           | the world. You can try to point the blame at China, but the
           | wealth generated in the middle east selling them oil is a
           | major part of the reason why US stock markets keep going up.
           | 
           | If you forced China to use less fossil fuels you would
           | personally feel a much larger hit to your quality of life.
           | 
           | We in the developed world love to outsource the violence and
           | environmental damage we cause. It's one thing to wash your
           | hands, but quite another to then try to point the finger.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | > If you forced China to use less fossil fuels you would
             | personally feel a much larger hit to your quality of life.
             | 
             | America imports more from Mexico, Canada, and the EU than
             | China which ranks as #4 when you consider EU as a single
             | entity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_largest_t
             | rading_pa...
             | 
             | Imports from China are a small fraction of GDP and offset
             | by exports to other countries. OECD countries are largely
             | exporting labor not the kind of heavy industry associated
             | with heavy CO2 emissions. Which makes sense as China has
             | relatively cheap labor, but they don't get a discount on
             | Oil.
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | > Mexico, Canada, and the EU
               | 
               | Do you want to take a wild guess as to which country is a
               | top 3 importer to all of these countries/regions?
               | 
               | Here's a clue: it's the same country that is a major
               | exporter of oil from GCC countries, and the wealth from
               | those GCC countries is a major contributor of investment
               | to US industry/financial sector.
               | 
               | The correct answer, is of course: China
               | 
               | The global is economy is very tightly interconnected and
               | still very much driven by oil and fossil fuels in
               | general. You can do all the accounting tricks you want,
               | but developed Western lifestyles, especially in the US,
               | are entirely supported and made possible by growing
               | global fossil fuel usage.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | > Do you want to take a wild guess as to which country is
               | a top 3 importer to all of these countries/regions?
               | 
               | Canada imports 377 Billion from America and only 88
               | Billion from China. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of
               | _the_largest_trading_pa...
               | 
               | So you clearly don't actually understand global trade if
               | you think being top 3 trading partner somehow drastically
               | changes the equation here. China is a massive economy
               | with 1/6th of the worlds population and a top 3 economy,
               | so yes it does a lot of trade but economies are a lot
               | more than just trade.
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | I think you're missing the point. A large part of the
               | things we import from those countries indirectly _come
               | from China_ , so it's disingenuous to claim that China is
               | not a major contributor to the US economy based solely on
               | what we import directly from them.
               | 
               | For example the US's top product imported from Mexico are
               | vehicles, electrical equipment and machinery. But those
               | things are _assembled_ from parts produced in China. So
               | if you reduce China 's use of energy you not only impact
               | the direct trade that we benefit from but also the
               | indirect trade.
               | 
               | And you still haven't addressed the way the global
               | financial system is so tightly interconnected. GCC
               | countries invest an estimated $1 trillion in the US, but
               | a large chunk of that wealth comes from oil being sold to
               | Asia, with China being one of the major purchasers.
               | 
               | The point stands that you can't meaningfully disconnect
               | US energy usage from Chinese energy usage. If, for
               | example, we were to stop GCC export to China (and not
               | sell that oil in order to fight climate change) the US
               | economy would ultimately collapse (this is in fact one of
               | the major strategic levers that Iran has right now).
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | tl;dr The amount of fossil fuels it takes to make stuff
               | is not nearly as big as the amount of fossil fuels we use
               | to transport ourselves in cars.
               | 
               | Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions is harder
               | than production-based accounting, but it allows us to see
               | more clearly what the CO2 cost of our lifestyle is. It's
               | been ~5 years since I looked at one of those in detail,
               | but I don't think it's changed much since then. The big
               | takeaway for me was that for the US, which has _massive_
               | emissions compared to Europe countries, urban /suburban
               | design and land use was by far the biggest determinant of
               | CO2 consumption, followed by income/wealth. Despite their
               | higher wealth and ability to spend more, residents of
               | urban areas have for lower emissions than suburban
               | residents.
               | 
               | See, for example, https://coolclimate.org/maps
               | 
               | There's a tendency to think of consumption in zero-sum
               | terms, but it turns out that energy efficiency has a
               | massive impact on emissions, and also that intuition
               | about quantities of emissions is really hard to gain
               | without a lot of study.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | > A large part of the things we import from those
               | countries indirectly come from China
               | 
               | 88B can't be a particularly large part of 377B even
               | before you consider that 88B is largely used domestically
               | not for exports to the US and Canada also exports to
               | China.
               | 
               | Fundamentally something that costs 1$ can't require more
               | than 1$ of fossil fuels to produce without someone losing
               | money on the transaction. Most goods do embody some
               | carbon, but US agricultural goods being exported actually
               | embody a much larger fraction of CO2 than most goods due
               | to the nature of farming and the vast agricultural
               | subsidies. This alone offsets the trade imbalance
               | rendering US trade very close to carbon neutral.
               | 
               | As to your specific point, product from Canada, Mexico
               | etc, may have parts from China. But Canada isn't simply
               | redirecting 100% of its Chinese imports to the US.
               | Further Canada, Mexico, and the EU and the US are also
               | exporting goods to China directly and indirectly.
               | 
               | Again, calculate the actual CO2 involved trade with China
               | is basically irrelevant from a CO2 perspective relative
               | to domestic emissions.
               | 
               | > global financial system is so tightly interconnected
               | 
               | We're talking actual emissions which sums to 100% of
               | global emissions. The environment doesn't somehow double
               | count pollution because it's the result of the financial
               | system. Thus the impact of the global financial system
               | and everything else is already being accounted for.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | That's a bit out of date, it's likely that China has
             | already peaked. And it's not oil but coal that they tend to
             | burn.
             | 
             | Renewables are cheaper than coal and oil energy, so we will
             | see an increase in quality of life as China electrifies, at
             | least for those of us that import Chinese manufactured
             | goods.
             | 
             | Oil is mostly for people's cars, for an unsustainable
             | transit system that locks us in little boxes and kills all
             | our salmon and is one of the greatest threats to the lives
             | of our children. Getting rid of oil and coal is going to be
             | a loooot easier than getting rid of our car infrastructure.
        
           | exceptione wrote:
           | Don't do the AC thing, it is a stupid trope under
           | blogfluencers. There are no restrictions (besides positioning
           | the outer unit in such a way that you cause your neighbors to
           | lose sleep). As the summers get more extreme in Europe, more
           | residents decide getting one is starting to pay off, so you
           | see more AC's, but many people think they are doing fine
           | without.
        
             | cataphract wrote:
             | Yeah, never heard of such a thing. The restrictions are
             | placing the units in common areas of the buildings -- in
             | that case you need permission -- and external walls are
             | usually common parts. Placing them in the facade may have
             | additional restrictions.
             | 
             | But, if anything, energy efficiency standards for new
             | construction are so strict that heat is becoming less of a
             | problem.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | I can easily google restrictions and share them, and I have
             | in other comments but let me throw it back at you.
             | 
             | Why do 90% of Americans have AC while only 20% of Europeans
             | do?
             | 
             | Why does US have ~4 heat related deaths per million while
             | Europe has ~235 per million?
             | 
             | Do you think it's just stupidity (Europeans don't know the
             | relationship between heat and AC)? Or poverty? Any other
             | explanation?
             | 
             | https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/08/1152766
        
               | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
               | > Why do 90% of Americans have AC while only 20% of
               | Europeans do?
               | 
               | Because Rome is further north than New York and Paris is
               | just south of Ottawa/Montreal.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Raw latitude hardly tells the entire story.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | > Why do 90% of Americans have AC while only 20% of
               | Europeans do?
               | 
               | Maybe because the majority of Europe is closer to Canada,
               | latitude-wise, than to Phoenix, AZ, and there is simply
               | less demand? Less wealth is certainly a factor, too,
               | especially considering how the warmest nations in Europe
               | all tend to be weaker economically.
               | 
               | > Why does US have ~4 heat related deaths per million
               | while Europe has ~235 per million?
               | 
               | Maybe its just the higher life expectancy increasing
               | susceptibility? Everyone has to die of _something_ at
               | some point.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | > Maybe its just the higher life expectancy increasing
               | susceptibility? Everyone has to die of something at some
               | point.
               | 
               | Ah yes, heat death, essentially "natural causes". Never
               | mind what's obviously in front of your face.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Most of Europe simply doesn't need an AC. Spain, south of
               | Italy, south of France, parts of the Balkans. But in
               | countries like UK, the Nordics, Germany, etc. you'd need
               | something more than "open windows" for mere days of the
               | year, if that. The people who live in the places that
               | need AC usually have AC. It's actually pretty damn
               | simple.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | Got it, it's cooler, no one needs AC. Next question, why
               | are there a lot more heat deaths per capita. I mean, a
               | lot more (4/million vs 235/million)
               | 
               | Should be simple
        
               | beepbooptheory wrote:
               | Because 'global warming has accelerated significantly'?
        
               | wilg wrote:
               | then it wouldnt be cooler would it
        
               | test001only wrote:
               | Could be lot of reason. Older European cities with high-
               | density stone buildings and less green space often trap
               | heat more effectively than typical U.S. suburban layouts.
               | Europe has a larger proportion of elderly residents (aged
               | 80+), who are the most susceptible to heat stress. You
               | just picked a data and are trying to fit your narrative
               | on top of it without really considering all possible
               | aspects.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | > Older European cities with high-density stone buildings
               | and less green space often trap heat more effectively
               | than typical U.S. suburban layouts.
               | 
               | Doesn't that mean that they would need AC, then? At least
               | for those specific buildings.
               | 
               | However, as a European living in Paris, one of the
               | densest cities in the world, I only feel the need for AC
               | like 2-3 weeks a year. I think the issue is that most
               | people dying of heath are already very old and much more
               | sensitive to it.
               | 
               | But if you live in any kind of share building, you can't
               | just go and set up a split. If it is outside the
               | building, you need permits, both from the architects, so
               | that you don't deface your ugly concrete building, and
               | from your fellow residents, who usually vote "no" by
               | default.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | You make a lot of great points. You know what would be
               | great for helping those elderly residence prone to heat
               | strokes living in high-density stone buildings with less
               | green space? Air conditioners! In face, I think EU should
               | mandate air conditioners in every home.
        
               | exceptione wrote:
               | It is a statistic, 'treacherous' is a word often lurking
               | around the corner.
               | 
               | No healthy person all of a sudden dies from heat, I am
               | sorry to tell. If that would be the case, everyone would
               | be as panicked as you are. Europe has comparatively older
               | demographics. Heat risk mainly affects infants and the
               | elderly.
               | 
               | Most EU countries have free health care, so even people
               | not caring enough for themselves will have a
               | comparatively higher chance to survive into an old age.
               | But also those who didn't die because of a bad lifestyle
               | are part of this demographic. Like I said, treacherous,
               | because you should look at this demographic and start to
               | ask how many hours of life expectancy is lost. Healthcare
               | keeps finding that the elder people just don't drink
               | enough during these warm days.
               | 
               | I guess that if you want to win back these hours, you
               | have to convince those elderly people to install AC or
               | get them to drink enough during hot days. At this age
               | people have a certain flexibility of mind, complicated by
               | the fact that heat waves these days are really more
               | severe than in their lived past.
               | 
               | Let me assure you: if people think it is too hot for them
               | at home and they don't see an alternative, they will
               | install AC. It is affordable enough. But there might be a
               | cultural difference, people don't think of AC as the
               | first line of defense against the hot days. Environmental
               | awareness is higher; AC's contribute to global warming.
               | Anecdotally, looking around I see there is a preference
               | for sun protection over AC's.
        
           | myrmidon wrote:
           | > It's all China, but I guess it's cool to blame things on
           | developed countries.
           | 
           | This is just a naive take. You'd obviously expect chinese
           | emissions to be higher (than the US) assuming similar
           | industrialization, because you are counting emissions for
           | like triple the amount of people.
           | 
           | What you conveniently _fail_ to mention: US citizens still
           | emit over 50% more CO2 each, and China basically just _caught
           | up_ to emission levels of developed countries (EU, Japan),
           | while still being significantly below US levels. High income
           | countries combined still emit more than China, too (richest
           | ~15% globally).
           | 
           | If your argument would make any sense, then the obvious
           | solution would be to split China into 3 countries, making the
           | emissions instantly negligible compared to the EU/US. Problem
           | solved?!
           | 
           | There is no reality where we make good progress toward
           | climate change without the "main culprits" (=> nations with
           | highest historical and per-capita emissions) making the first
           | steps.
           | 
           | Why would a country like India pay/sacrifice to reduce
           | emissions while western citizens still pollute at much higher
           | levels after reaping all the spoils from historical
           | pollution?
           | 
           | You could argue that wind/solar is a huge success story in
           | this regard already, with western nations driving lots of the
           | research/development/commercialization efforts (over the
           | previous decades) and now indirectly causing much bigger
           | nations like China to transition onto those very quickly
           | instead of basically fully relying on fossils for _decades_
           | to come.
        
             | cataphract wrote:
             | > Why would a country like India pay/sacrifice to reduce
             | emissions while western citizens still pollute at much
             | higher levels after reaping all the spoils from historical
             | pollution?
             | 
             | To avoid their country having large regions become
             | uninhabitable?
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | Even for a giant country like India you control <20% of
               | global population, and you are responsible for much less
               | than 20% of the effect (climate change).
               | 
               | So why would India take more expensive and painful steps
               | than say, the US or EU, or Japan? India both indisputably
               | affects _and_ controls climate change _less_ then the US
               | or EU, so why would they put in completely outsized
               | amounts of effort to fight it?
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > US citizens still emit over 50% more CO2 each
             | 
             | The problem the US has per-capita is lower population
             | density. The majority of the US population lives in
             | suburban or rural areas without mass transit and changing
             | that on the relevant timescale is not feasible. It also has
             | major population centers in areas that experience winter
             | and thereby have higher energy costs for heating,
             | exacerbated by the lower population density (more square
             | feet of indoor space to heat per capita), with the same
             | infeasible timescale for changing that.
             | 
             | As a result, the only way to fix it is to switch to other
             | forms of energy rather than having any real hope of
             | significantly reducing consumption in terms of GWh. Use
             | more electric cars and hybrids, generate electricity using
             | solar, wind and nuclear, switch from fossil fuels to
             | electric heat pumps for heating, etc. But that's largely
             | what's happening. The percentage of hybrid vehicles goes
             | up, despite Trump's posturing nobody actually wants coal,
             | ~100% of net new generation capacity in recent years is
             | solar and wind and even when new natural gas plants are
             | built, they're displacing old coal fired ones, which
             | results in a net reduction in CO2. It would be nice if this
             | would happen faster, but at least the number is going in
             | the right direction.
             | 
             | The problem China has is that they've been building brand
             | new coal fired power plants at scale. WTF.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | You listed out a whole lot of excuses for America,
               | suburbia this, heating that, etc etc, etc...
               | 
               | Now an assignment - you are Chinese and you have 1.5bn
               | people in your country, lets hear it? You think you can't
               | reasonably list 100x "excuses" for their "issues" and
               | "reasons" for CO2 consumption?
               | 
               | They are working _a lot harder_ than pretty much all
               | other countries combined to usher in renewables and many
               | other things while we elect people who don 't know what
               | wind is/does and stare at the Sun during the eclipse.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | What excuse actually is there for building new coal
               | plants instead of directing the same labor to building
               | more nuclear or renewable generation? There is no reason
               | to build coal, Trump is a schmuck for proposing it but
               | China have been the ones actually doing it.
        
               | hvb2 wrote:
               | > What excuse actually is there for building new coal
               | plants
               | 
               | Just that they're still 'developing' and aren't even
               | close to the historical contributions of the US?
               | 
               | Assuming you're American, it's a bit rich to have
               | contributed more in absolute terms and then tell other
               | countries what they can't do.
               | 
               | Explain me why the average car in the US is a tank with
               | horrible fuel economy? In rural I can sorta see it. But
               | in cities, why drive a truck? These are all choices that
               | America makes.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Just that they're still 'developing' and aren't even
               | close to the historical contributions of the US?
               | 
               | This is a sham excuse. Building coal power plants before
               | solar or nuclear were viable or even existed is not the
               | same as choosing to do it in modern day.
               | 
               | > Explain me why the average car in the US is a tank with
               | horrible fuel economy?
               | 
               | The "best selling" light vehicles in the US are pickup
               | trucks because the sales numbers aren't divided out into
               | personal and business purchases and businesses buy a lot
               | of trucks. The best selling non-pickup is the Toyota
               | RAV4, which gets better than 30 MPG in the non-hybrid
               | version and better than 40 MPG in the hybrid version.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | what he said
        
               | WaxProlix wrote:
               | Chinese demand is increasing just like everyone else's,
               | and they're both retiring older less efficient plants and
               | using fossil fuels as both peaker and baseline
               | generation. But coal utilization overall, despite massive
               | growth in energy demand, is basically flat in China.
               | There's plenty of reason to build out coal capacity to
               | keep grids stabilized while you transition to solar and
               | wind (China finished their 2030 1200GW solar capacity
               | target 6 years early in 2024 and continue to grow that
               | number at an incredible rate).
               | 
               | I agree that new coal sucks but it's a very easy talking
               | point for westerners like us to latch onto when our own
               | contributions to emissions remain way over 50% higher per
               | capita - despite much of the manufacturing and such not
               | happening in our countries.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > But coal utilization overall, despite massive growth in
               | energy demand, is basically flat in China.
               | 
               | "Basically flat" only after running up an exponential
               | curve so that coal consumption is now higher _per capita_
               | in China than it is in the US and China is generating
               | ~60% of its electricity from coal compared to ~16% in the
               | US.
               | 
               | > I agree that new coal sucks but it's a very easy
               | talking point for westerners like us to latch onto when
               | our own contributions to emissions remain way over 50%
               | higher per capita
               | 
               | You don't even get to say "westerners" anymore. CO2
               | emissions are higher _per capita_ in China than they are
               | in Europe because they burn such a disproportionate
               | amount of coal, and are only lower than the US and Canada
               | because the US and Canada burn more oil per capita from
               | being so spread out.
        
               | WaxProlix wrote:
               | Sure but they don't burn oil because they don't have oil.
               | So focus on fossil fuels in general, or emissions rather
               | than just coal specifically - again it's not good to add
               | new coal plants but they're growth negative. And EU has
               | done an admirable job of reducing their emissions, with
               | help of course from Chinese manufacturing of pv cells
               | etc.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | The difference in coal power for china is basically
               | purely from them using coal instead of gas, see comment
               | here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47276338
               | 
               | Despite higher carbon intensity (for now), they still
               | emit less Co2 per person on electricity than the US
               | (because they need/use less).
        
               | Ma8ee wrote:
               | They are also building more solar panels and wind
               | turbines than the rest of the world combined, and are the
               | biggest investor in renewables. Their emission of CO2
               | just recently peaked. But they need a lot of power, and
               | most of the new coal plants are there for days when
               | there's neither sun or wind.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > They are also building more solar panels and wind
               | turbines than the rest of the world combined
               | 
               | All the more reason they have no excuse for building
               | coal. Yet they're also burning more coal than the rest of
               | the world combined.
               | 
               | > most of the new coal plants are there for days when
               | there's neither sun or wind.
               | 
               | If that was actually the case they wouldn't need to build
               | _new_ coal plants because renewable generation at 40% of
               | normal plus the existing traditional power plants that
               | used to be enough to supply 100% of power by themselves
               | would be more than sufficient. More to the point, if that
               | was actually the case then their emissions would be way
               | down because they 'd only be burning coal for something
               | like one week every two years.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | They are building coal for things that cannot yet be
               | handled by renewables because coal is the fossil fuel
               | natural resource they have the most of.
               | 
               | It's the same reason it was the dominant fossil fuel for
               | electricity in the US until the shale revolution made
               | natural gas cheap and abundant.
               | 
               | The reasons Trump is a schmuck for pushing coal are (1)
               | he wants it _instead_ of renewals rather than as a way to
               | help fill the gap between renewables and what we need
               | until we can build enough renewables and storage, and (2)
               | in the US that makes no sense because because natural gas
               | can fulfill that role and is better in pretty much every
               | way that coal.
               | 
               | Compare to China which is putting vast amounts of
               | resources into building renewables, storage, and also a
               | nationwide UHV distribution network (currently 40-50000
               | km compared to ~0 in the US) which means local variations
               | in solar/wind can increasingly be covered by non-local
               | renewables, which should reduce the need to fire up those
               | new local coal plants.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | China needs some form of dispatchable power and is
               | basically using coal instead of gas because they have
               | none. See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47276338
               | for numbers/more detail.
        
               | charlie90 wrote:
               | Assume the avg. home will last 50 years. Limit
               | construction on new suburban developments, problem solved
               | in 50+ years. It would be _unpopular_ , but you claimed
               | it wouldn't be _possible_ , very different. The latter is
               | denying agency in the situation.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | We're kinda doing that, through zoning requirements and
               | NIMBY politics. It is, as predicted, very unpopular, and
               | has a number of unfortunate side effects like rising
               | homelessness, declining fertility, and increasing
               | inflation.
               | 
               | On the plus side, we're going to have many fewer people
               | in 50 years, which will lead to correspondingly less CO2
               | emissions.
        
             | casey2 wrote:
             | You miss the fact that China's GDP per capita is 1/6th the
             | US. So to produce 1/6th per person they emits 2/3rds the
             | CO2. Which means in total, the thing that matters, is that
             | china produces 4 times the CO2 with no end in sight. They
             | are 99% to blame for the current situation.
        
           | maxglute wrote:
           | Euro intransience about AC is confusing.
           | 
           | As for PRC, they brrrted out enough solar last year to
           | replace about 40 billion barrels of oil over their life time,
           | or about annual global consumption of oil @100m barrels per
           | day. They have enough renewable manufacturing capacity to
           | displace global oil, lng and good chunk of coal.
           | 
           | PRC is basically manufacturing the largest carbon
           | displacement, i.e. emission avoidance system in the world,
           | and if not for them, global fossil consumption would double+.
           | 
           | It's even more retarded accounting that taxes PRC
           | manufacturing renewables as generation emissions while
           | fossils extractors, i.e. US whose massively increased oil/lng
           | exports do not count towards US emissions.
           | 
           | At the end of the day, PRC's balance of emissions vs how much
           | they displace via renewable manufacturing makes their
           | emission contribution net negative, by a large margin. OCED
           | countries reducing their emissions don't even compare in
           | terms of contribution, it's borderline performative. OCED
           | need to be reducing emissions and generating equivalent
           | displacement to be net negative. It doesn't have to be
           | domestic net negative, simply export/fund enough renewables
           | to developing countries whose power consumption and
           | downstream emissions will increase by magnitudes... you know
           | subsidize them like OECD was suppose to do. Reality is rich
           | countries don't want to do shit about the "global" emission
           | problem, at least PRC selling renewables at commodity pricing
           | to displace velocity of fossil consumption increase.
           | Ultimately, 4 billion developing people going to 10/100x
           | their energy consumption, which like AC is net moral good
           | over net emissions. The real battle is how to keep new power
           | use as emission free as possible, and only PRC is doing that
           | in numbers that matter.
           | 
           | Wanking over OCED reducing their emissions is overlooking
           | OCED was suppose to help developing countries minimize (not
           | reduce) as they grow. All OCED has to do is give PRC
           | renewables the 100b they once pledged on to help developing
           | countries transition for PRC to run renewables manufacturing
           | at 100% utilization (or even expand) so significant % of new
           | power generation is renewables. 100b at current PRC prices of
           | $0.1O/watt buys about 1000GW of panels (enough to power all
           | of Africa & India and more). Or OECD can manufacture at sell
           | at/below cost themselves.
        
           | hanspeter wrote:
           | > 100k deaths in Europe that can be prevented if they lifted
           | restrictions on AC
           | 
           | Please don't repeat this anti-Europe myth. Anyone applying a
           | bit of common sense should realize how improbable that claim
           | is.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | > Ironic OECD countries actually REDUCED their emissions
           | based on a peak in 2007
           | 
           | OECD countries' past emissions are causing the warming we see
           | today.
           | 
           | > and continue to do so
           | 
           | China's emissions declined last year. The US's increased.
           | 
           | > It's all China, but I guess it's cool to blame things on
           | developed countries.
           | 
           | China used their emissions to make solar and batteries the
           | cheapest source of electricity today.
        
             | ezst wrote:
             | > OECD countries' past emissions are causing the warming we
             | see today.
             | 
             | China passed EU's cumulative emissions in 2014, if I
             | remember correctly. It's totally fair to blame
             | industrialised countries for their share in causing global
             | warming, irrespective if that happened in the early days of
             | industrialisation and was propped up by dirty energy
             | sources. Though, it's morally much harder to give a pass to
             | countries polluting now using the same sources.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > China passed EU's cumulative emissions in 2014
               | 
               | Not yet according to
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-
               | co2-emissions-....
               | 
               | > it's morally much harder to give a pass to countries
               | polluting now using the same sources
               | 
               | Developed countries should subsidize their use of cleaner
               | energy sources. That balances things out, morally
               | speaking.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | > There are literally 100k deaths in Europe that can be
           | prevented if they lifted restrictions on AC so that they can
           | feel good about making a negligible effect on carbon
           | emissions
           | 
           | Where in Europe are ACs restricted because of carbon
           | emissions? Even in France with very strong building codes
           | (you can't just plop an AC on your own, you need approvals),
           | ACs are the standard in the south where they are needed for
           | long periods of the year.
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | > There are literally 100k deaths in Europe that can be
           | prevented if they lifted restrictions on AC so that they can
           | feel good about making a negligible effect on carbon
           | emissions.
           | 
           | Which restrictions on AC? I know that Europeans don't use AC
           | as much as the US because of a mixture of historical and
           | cultural reasons, but I wasn't aware of any restrictions.
           | What prevents someone in Europe from buying and installing an
           | AC unit in their own home?
        
             | vladvasiliu wrote:
             | Here in France, where you need a bureaucrat to sign off
             | some paper for another bureaucrat, and where we levy taxes
             | on taxes, I'm not aware of any restriction on AC _from the
             | state_. Sure, the politicians say we should put up with
             | sweltering heat, unlike them who have _reasons_ to run
             | their cars ' engines for hours while they sit around in
             | useless committees inside air-conditioned historical
             | buildings. But there's no law against AC yet.
             | 
             | What usually happens, is that most people live in cities.
             | And in cities, they have to get a permit from the HOA and
             | from the city, lest the outside unit deface some
             | historically significant square concrete building (yeah, I
             | know there are actually historically significant buildings,
             | ugly concrete ones built after 1950 aren't among them,
             | though they're where the majority of the people live).
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | The "Our World in Data" citation cuts off right as China's
           | emissions started to decline. More recent data [1] indicates
           | that China's emissions have been flat or falling since the
           | beginning of 2024, and falling fast in the last quarter of
           | 2025 (1%, which is huge on a quarterly basis).
           | 
           | China's decarbonization & renewable efforts have been paying
           | off in a big way. EVs now have a 51% market share among new
           | vehicles [2], exceeding every single major city in the U.S
           | [3] (though the SF Bay Area comes close). Likewise,
           | renewables are 84.4% of its new power plants in 2025 [4].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-chinas-
           | co2-emissions-ha...
           | 
           | [2] https://electrek.co/2025/08/29/electric-vehicles-reach-
           | tippi...
           | 
           | [3] https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/03/06/climate/hy
           | bri...
           | 
           | [4] https://en.cnesa.org/latest-news/2025/11/4/chinas-newly-
           | inst...
        
           | tlogan wrote:
           | The IEA says China's CO2 emissions rose by 565 Mt in 2023 to
           | 12.6 Gt, which it states was a 4.7% increase from 2022.
           | 
           | So any emission reduction done by developed countries is
           | offset by China.
        
         | htx80nerd wrote:
         | >Nothing will change until developed rich countries are
         | starting to hurt.
         | 
         | They already are. China does whatever it wants en mass
         | meanwhile.
        
         | tencentshill wrote:
         | It's going to cause slow, constant refugee crises, which will
         | affect everyone.
        
         | abustamam wrote:
         | > The pain will come slowly, people won't see it.
         | 
         | I'd argue that many lower and middle class folks already feel
         | the effects of GW, even if they may not be able to articulate
         | it. The flip side is that developed rich countries will hurt
         | because of this but the people in power won't care because it
         | probably only (visibly) affects the lower class, and they can
         | always take their jets and rockets to countries (and eventually
         | planets!) that haven't been fucked.
         | 
         | And they'll spin it to blame it on immigrants somehow.
        
           | ToucanLoucan wrote:
           | > (and eventually planets!)
           | 
           | This particular point is remarkably optimistic on the part of
           | our ruling elites who genuinely seem to think they'll be
           | abandoning Earth like the Titanic and running off to Mars or
           | whatever. I wonder if it's just wishful thinking or if they
           | genuinely believe living off-terra would be a luxury
           | experience, and not what it far more likely would be, which
           | is hurtling through a void separated from instant death by
           | nothing more than sheet metal, and after months of that,
           | living inside a specially pressurized biosphere on an alien
           | world that is, at all times, trying to kill them. And is
           | almost guaranteed to succeed if nothing else by attrition.
           | 
           | I wonder if any will think as they prepare to die whichever
           | death comes to them first that maybe just paying taxes and
           | not having a private jet wasn't that steep of an ask after
           | all.
        
             | abustamam wrote:
             | Lol. Yeah I actually hope they aren't serious about it and
             | are just using it as an excuse to send things to space
             | because it's cool. Because I do not foresee us colonizing
             | Mars in our lifetimes. I'd be happy for them to test the
             | waters for us though.
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | Oh they're more than welcome to go. Everyone who signs up
               | is basically volunteering to die for science, there is
               | simply no other end to that.
        
         | crystal_revenge wrote:
         | > And honestly, wars and trump are making climate concerns so
         | difficult to think about.
         | 
         | These are all related. All of them are connected to humans
         | pushing the planetary resource limits from various directions.
         | We're attacking Iran _now_ in part because climate change has
         | dramatically increased the water stress conditions making the
         | population more susceptible to political collapse. It 's also
         | happening because it puts energy stress on our geopolitical
         | adversaries (same with Venezuela). Trump emerged in the first
         | place because declining American prosperity (despite GPD
         | numbers) drove a large portion of the population to nihilism.
        
         | gcanyon wrote:
         | > Nothing will change until developed rich countries are
         | starting to hurt.
         | 
         | There are two clear parallel points to this:
         | 1. Over the time frames we're discussing (even the next 50
         | years) how many "poor" countries will there be left? We're
         | seeing substantial progress on economic, educational, and other
         | fronts over the past 50 years.        2. Will there ever be a
         | time when the change occurring is direct and over a short
         | enough time frame to matter to "rich" countries? Yes, it will
         | suck if most of Florida is underwater, but this process has
         | already started, and has been going on for 20, 30, 50 years?
         | And most people care very little. If it takes a century for the
         | state to completely submerge, that apathy will continue.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: none of the above is saying we should or shouldn't
         | take a particular course of action about warming, just to speak
         | to the way people deal with very slow-moving issues.
        
         | patwater10 wrote:
         | Look at the Colorado River situation to see how it's affected
         | the US already. Now that hasn't really impacted consumers per
         | say other than through indirect water conservation and higher
         | consumer grocery prices (slightly not a primary driver on the
         | latter). But it's a massive deal that will ripple out more and
         | more in the coming years.
        
         | thewebguyd wrote:
         | > Nothing will change until developed rich countries are
         | starting to hurt.
         | 
         | More specifically, nothing will change until the politicians
         | and billionaires _personally_ get hurt.
         | 
         | The negative effects of climate change need to come for them
         | personally for them to care.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | The energy situation is actually changing very quickly
         | precisely because renewables and storage are so cheap. Building
         | a new natural gas plant today is really hard to justify in most
         | places in the world.
         | 
         | Capitalism will actually save the day, because a bunch of
         | capitalists advanced renewable technology to the point where it
         | was cheap.
         | 
         | The biggest impediment to change right now is actually
         | political interference in deployment of cheaper renewables. You
         | see this all across the US both in intentional and
         | unintentional ways. Trump explicitly cancels permits for wind,
         | tries to ban solar on federal lands, and forces coal plants to
         | keep running even when they are super expensive and raise the
         | cost electricity.
         | 
         | Unintentional political impediments are also endemic in the US;
         | permitting and interconnection of residential solar makes it
         | 5x-6x more expensive than places like Australia, even in places
         | like California that should be accelerating residential solar
         | and storage.
         | 
         | There's a lot to be hopeful about when it comes to climate
         | change, in addition a lot to be scared about.
        
           | M95D wrote:
           | > Capitalism will actually save the day, because a bunch of
           | capitalists advanced renewable technology to the point where
           | it was cheap.
           | 
           | That "bunch of capitalists"... why are you avoiding the true
           | word: "China"?
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | That's not the true word though, is it? It's an effort of
             | capitalists the world over. And crucially, German
             | government incentives when solar was still very expensive.
        
               | M95D wrote:
               | I can't say anything about the German gov. I don't live
               | there and I have no info. But I wouldn't call bureaucrats
               | "capitalists" either.
        
         | gmuslera wrote:
         | Not even countries, but rich/influential people on them. And
         | they must be hit hard to be concerned enough about it.
         | 
         | If some extreme weather event hits you you may lose your only
         | house, your savings, your health, maybe a good percent of the
         | population of rich countries are vulnerable ot that. In the
         | other hand if someone rich and powerful in those or even
         | somewhat poorer countries, they may buy another house, have
         | more already, lose some money and goods but that's it.
         | 
         | Until those extreme weather events, floods and so on affect
         | enough of the people those people have around, to eventually
         | affect their business and them. But by then it will be far too
         | late.
        
         | giarc wrote:
         | >people won't see it.
         | 
         | You are correct because it's happening already (massive
         | wildfires burning down cities, 100 year floods every year, mass
         | migration out of hot, dry climates) and the news will state
         | something like "scientists are 85% certain this fire was
         | accelerated by climate change" and then will move onto the next
         | story. Climate change is all around us, but we refuse to see
         | it.
        
       | tsoukase wrote:
       | This ship has sailed, warming is irreversible. Developing nations
       | mainly in Asia (China, India etc) are, well, developing and burn
       | like there is no tomorrow. But they are not to blame. It is their
       | turn to live nicely, like the US and Europe did for decades.
       | Nobody can remove this right from them.
        
         | hskalin wrote:
         | No only that, but per capita emissions of developed countries
         | still remains higher. For example I found that US/Russia have
         | 6x per capita emissions compared to India
        
           | padjo wrote:
           | This perspective is so important. The wealthy in western
           | society are responsible for a massively disproportionate
           | amount of emissions.
        
         | fjwater wrote:
         | I don't think that's fair to say; the USA's CO2 emissions per
         | capita are roughly 150% of China's, and the average Canadian
         | emits more than 7x as much as an Indian citizen.
         | 
         | The entire EU produces only about half of the USA's total
         | emissions, despite having a population of over 100 million more
         | people.
        
           | O5vYtytb wrote:
           | Fair? Maybe not, but IMO it doesn't matter. The only thing
           | that matters is gross emissions. The effects of a warming
           | planet will not be fair. We should be looking to
           | reduce/eliminate emissions wherever they are happening.
        
             | vrganj wrote:
             | China's actively fixing the problem. [0]
             | 
             | Why aren't we?
             | 
             | [0] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/11/china-
             | co2-emis...
        
               | LegionMammal978 wrote:
               | U.S. and EU CO2 emissions have been actively dropping for
               | the last ~20 years [0]. (Of course, it's different
               | question how quickly they _ought_ to be dropping.)
               | 
               | [0] https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-
               | co2-emissions-per-...
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | Good. They should keep doing it and faster.
        
               | teamonkey wrote:
               | That's because we've outsourced so much of our
               | manufacturing to China. _Of course_ ours is going down
               | while theirs is going up.
        
             | tock wrote:
             | Fairness matters because the only way we can collectively
             | decide to reduce emissions is if people everywhere feel its
             | fair.
        
             | fjwater wrote:
             | I don't think it's fair to look only at gross emissions by
             | country. How can we demand that India drastically cut its
             | emissions when its per capita output is already so low?
             | Forcing reductions there effectively caps their living
             | standards while developed nations continue to enjoy the
             | benefits of much higher individual carbon footprints.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | > The only thing that matters is gross emissions
             | 
             | Which is why, unless you can come up with a good argument
             | that some people have some kind of divine or natural right
             | to a bigger share of whatever global emissions budget we
             | decide we need to stick to, per capita is the correct way
             | to compare countries.
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | Lol. Not exactly an apt comparison.
           | 
           | "Average" Canadian. A lot of the population lives in a
           | climate where half the year more energy is required to
           | survive the climate. And the population is exponentially
           | smaller than the United States, India, or China.
           | 
           | That's like calling out the guy in the mountains burning a
           | campfire to stay warm at night when the guy sleeping on the
           | beach in Hawaii requires none.
           | 
           | Point being, brand new account, if we want solutions it needs
           | to be done without such angling or it all reduces to
           | absurdities and jabs instead of cooperation. It needs to be
           | realistic in terms of where people are being absurdly
           | wasteful, but also sympathetic that we do not all face the
           | same circumstances.
           | 
           | It's a hole and we don't get out by digging downward.
        
             | fjwater wrote:
             | I agree that climate is a factor, but the survival argument
             | only goes so far. Finland, Sweden and Norway face similar
             | sub-zero winters but maintain a higher standard of living
             | with less than half the per capita emissions of Canada.
        
         | Findecanor wrote:
         | We can still limit the amount of the global warming. It does
         | not run by itself, but it _could_ start doing so.
        
         | conception wrote:
         | This assume you can't have a modern, high quality of life
         | without destroying our ecosystem we depend on to survive. When
         | in fact, we can have both. It would just require making a few
         | very wealthy people less so.
        
         | O5vYtytb wrote:
         | Ideally us rich countries would help pay for overhauling of
         | infrastructure in developing nations since each $ goes way
         | further to reduce emissions there compared to at home.
        
         | kergonath wrote:
         | > This ship has sailed, warming is irreversible.
         | 
         | Nobody who understands the subject claims that it is reversible
         | on a human life scale. In the realistic best cases, it'd
         | stabilise in a couple of decades and slowly decrease from
         | there.
         | 
         | The real question is not whether it is reversible, but how high
         | it will go and how we are going to deal with it.
        
         | ks2048 wrote:
         | There is not "one ship" to sail or not - it is a matter of
         | degree.
         | 
         | Warming is here and will continue.
         | 
         | Our decisions from here on could vary the outcomes between
         | massive disruption and movement of people to a wholly
         | uninhabitable planet.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | At least when the USA did it they only had 75-100 million
         | citizens doing the polluting.
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | this strangely self-hating and suicidal message has been spread
         | for decades now, this falls along the same kinds of thinking as
         | blood grudges and blood wars.
         | 
         | we don't need to adopt this form of thinking at all, no one is
         | owed anything.
        
           | fellowniusmonk wrote:
           | yeah, the audacity is insane China's been manufacturing and
           | deploying more solar than anyone and solar+battery is a clear
           | path forward.
           | 
           | The people making these arguments are mendacious and
           | misanthropic to the point of deep irrationality, so many
           | people have been trained to do nothing, try nothing, and
           | assume the worst, I don't know who trained these people to
           | embody epistemological learned helplessness but it boggles
           | the mind.
        
         | zahlman wrote:
         | > Nobody can remove this right from them.
         | 
         | They do not have to repeat our mistakes. We can help them build
         | out renewable energy instead.
        
       | paganel wrote:
       | It's also closely correlated with this not very happy decision
       | put in place in 2020 [1]:
       | 
       | > On 1 January 2020, a new limit on the sulphur content in the
       | fuel oil used on board ships came into force, marking a
       | significant milestone to improve air quality, preserve the
       | environment and protect human health.
        
         | bobson381 wrote:
         | well we can stick planes in the upper atmosphere and sprinkle
         | sulfur around to get some cooling, but it'll get worse before
         | then. gonna be interesting.
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | Wasn't this attributed pretty much directly to cleaning of the
       | shipping lanes? With more direct sunlight on the ocean, we are
       | getting warmer oceans. With warmer oceans, we get everything that
       | goes along with that.
       | 
       | I didn't see it mentioned in the article, though I did do a very
       | brief read through. And it has been a while since I looked at the
       | shipping lanes thing.
       | 
       | I hasten to add this is not to claim we should not have cleaned
       | the shipping lanes. I don't know enough to say on that front. My
       | gut would be that it was still the correct move.
        
       | BurningFrog wrote:
       | Coordinating shared sacrifice between 7 billion people was always
       | unlikely to achieve much. There are good workarounds though. I
       | think this is what will/should happen:
       | 
       | 1. For now, we can cool Earth artificially. 1 gram of SO2 in the
       | stratosphere offsets the warming effect of 1 ton of CO2. It's
       | known to be safe and effective. This company is already doing it:
       | https://makesunsets.com
       | 
       | 2. Fossil fuels will be phased out over the next few decades, but
       | CO2 stays in the atmosphere for several centuries. The practical
       | solution will probably have to be "carbon sequestration", where
       | you capture CO2 from the air and pump it underground where it
       | stays forever. Such storage is mature tech in the natural gas
       | industry, but the capturing CO2 tech needs a lot of work.
        
       | sealthedeal wrote:
       | Oh no!!! The Earth is Earthing!
        
       | epolanski wrote:
       | World is plagued by consumerism and gaslighted into over focusing
       | on relatively smaller energy savings instead of overall habits.
       | 
       | I have friends shoving sausages and burgers into them while
       | ordering countless things on Amazon every day, yet they think
       | they help by buying a hybrid car, couldn't even be bothered by
       | using public transport even though it's faster and cheaper where
       | they live, because "too many people, dirty".
       | 
       | Go figure.
        
       | cryptoegorophy wrote:
       | If it is too late to do anything, why should we care? We can't
       | reverse it, so why should we care about slow down?
        
         | wing-_-nuts wrote:
         | This is like punching a hole in your wall and saying 'there's
         | already a hole, why shouldn't I just demolish my entire house'
        
           | cryptoegorophy wrote:
           | No. It is like punching a hole in your wall when something
           | else punches the wall daily with increased rate. No matter
           | what you do at this point the wall will be destroyed.
        
         | kergonath wrote:
         | We must limit the problem, then adapt and mitigate. Some damage
         | is irreversible, it does not mean that it's a good idea to stop
         | trying to understand what will happen. You don't stop weather
         | forecasts when a hurricane touches land just because it's going
         | to happen anyway.
         | 
         | Reality is not binary. There's a whole spectrum of situations
         | between "everything gets back to normal and all is well" (which
         | was _never_ on the cards after the 1980s) and  "all humans die
         | within a century". And the nuances in between still affect
         | billions of people.
        
           | cryptoegorophy wrote:
           | From what I understood we are closer to the "all humans will
           | die within a century" and if this is the case then what's the
           | point of doing anything? Does it matter if our effort just
           | delays the "all humans will die" by let say 50 years? Radical
           | change we need to do if we are serious is going back to
           | caves. 0 consumption. I highly doubt anyone will do that.
        
       | code4life wrote:
       | Where i live, we had the coldest winter on record in 30 years.
       | I'm going with that.
        
         | throwway120385 wrote:
         | The jetstream which prevents the polar vortex from migrating
         | south is getting weaker.
        
           | cetinsert wrote:
           | Sure.
        
             | therealdrag0 wrote:
             | You don't think weather is explainable, or?
        
         | bakies wrote:
         | Dismissing thousands of years of global temperature averages
         | because you had a cold winter, very smart.
        
           | code4life wrote:
           | Im not dismissing anything. I'm just saying, when a
           | measurement was taken in my region in 1925 it was warmer then
           | than it was 100 years later in 2025.
        
       | pstuart wrote:
       | There's plenty of money to be made mitigating this,
       | unfortunately, there's plenty of money _currently_ being made
       | causing this, and _those_ moneymakers are the ones in power and
       | are happy to kill the planet as long as they themselves can live
       | in luxury while it happens.
        
       | cetinsert wrote:
       | Good! Won't change a thing in how I live my life!
        
         | maest wrote:
         | You must be American.
        
       | small_model wrote:
       | "Preprints and early-stage research may not have been peer
       | reviewed yet."
       | 
       | I have a paper that says Global Warming is not real (Also not
       | peer reviewed)
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Are you going for a record in bad takes? Your account is a
         | month old and yet I recognize it on sight for the bs takes. Try
         | a bit harder please.
        
           | small_model wrote:
           | My point is until it's peer reviewed it offers no value. Do
           | you know how many papers are published that don't pass peer
           | review?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | > My point is until it's peer reviewed it offers no value.
             | 
             | That's just your opinion.
             | 
             | It clearly has some value, whether or not it will have even
             | more remains to be seen.
        
         | maest wrote:
         | There is a vast peer reviewed literature that points in the
         | same direction. Getting hung up on how this has not yet been
         | peer reviewed is just bizarre.
        
       | alansaber wrote:
       | Only good news these days eh
        
       | tlogan wrote:
       | The sad reality is that much of the climate work done in the West
       | does not matter because China, India, and the rest of the world
       | are not involved.
        
         | kergonath wrote:
         | That is completely wrong.
         | 
         | First, the West and particularly the US are still well ahead of
         | China regarding both historical total emissions and per-capita
         | annual emissions. And regardless of what China does in the
         | future we still need to get our acts together domestically.
         | 
         | Also, China is aggressively pushing low-carbon energy sources
         | on all fronts. Where they are now is not necessarily an
         | indication of where they will be in a decade or two.
         | 
         | A large part of their emissions is the result of stuff they
         | make for us. If we are serious about climate policy, we have to
         | set up trade barriers proportional to greenhouse gases
         | emissions to limit this effect. These policies must be informed
         | by climate science.
         | 
         | Finally, regardless of what the rest of the world does,
         | mitigation depends only on us and how well prepared we are.
         | 
         | Really, there is absolutely no scenario in which it is not a
         | good idea to understand what the hell is going on with our
         | climate.
        
           | tlogan wrote:
           | If the United States stopped polluting 100%, global pollution
           | would decrease by only about 10%. Probably even less, because
           | much of that pollution would simply be exported through
           | outsourcing. So what happens next?
        
             | hnfong wrote:
             | You're arguing a hypothetical where the US stopped all
             | emissions 100% and the rest of the world isn't doing
             | anything.
             | 
             | The reality is that China is aggressively pushing solar and
             | electric vehicles, and the West is complaining about it.
             | Meanwhile the current US president's maxim is "drill baby
             | drill".
             | 
             | I mean, if we don't need to stick to facts, let's discuss
             | the hypothetical scenario where I am a powerful wizard, and
             | when I say a magic word and I can halve the total amount of
             | CO2 in the atmosphere?
             | 
             | OK, now where's my Nobel peace prize dammit??
        
               | tlogan wrote:
               | So we do not need to worry. China and India will cut
               | their emission a lot and we US just need to cut a little.
               | Problem solved. /s
               | 
               | From 2022 to 2023 (lates report), China increased their
               | emission from 11.9 Gt to 12.6 Gt. The US decreased from
               | 4.79 to 4.68 Gt. So we (US and China) increased emission
               | by 0.6 Gt.
               | 
               | So we (the world) are polluting more and more and you are
               | telling me that we are on a great trajectory.
        
             | ryeights wrote:
             | >If we are serious about climate policy, we have to set up
             | trade barriers proportional to greenhouse gases emissions
             | to limit this effect.
             | 
             | Consumption economies can incentivize production economies
             | to emit less.
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | Please remember that we are not talking about stopping
             | climate-related _policies_. The point here is climate-
             | related _science_. And even if you are an arch-conservative
             | and you assume (despite all observations) that you can do
             | fuck all about it, _knowing how things are going to be_ is
             | very useful if you intend to survive, never mind thrive.
        
         | myrmidon wrote:
         | Western efforts matter because they allow less wealthy nations
         | to follow along a proven path towards sustainability.
         | 
         | Nnobody is going to follow a hypocrite, and no one in east asia
         | is gonna cut back on consumption/growth/lifestyle if rich
         | westerners can't even pretend to put in some token effort for
         | the same cause.
         | 
         | Solr and wind power is arguably a huge success story (looking
         | at china specifically) because it was arguably enabled and
         | triggered by western efforts in research, development and
         | commercialization.
        
         | Shin-- wrote:
         | Hilarious take. China and India have historically emitted much
         | less carbon than many western countries, per capita they emit
         | less Co2, and a large part of emission is to produce for
         | western countries, which have effectively outsourced their
         | emissions to other (poorer) countries.
         | 
         | At the same time, the US is the main force fighting against
         | carbon neutrality, renewable energy and pretty much anything
         | reasonable. By directly burning a lot of fossil fuels and by
         | lobbying and poisoning discourse in other countries.
         | 
         | Meanwhile China is by far the biggest producer of anything
         | related to renewable energies and installing more renewable
         | energy than the rest of the world, by far.
         | 
         | If anything, the work done worldwide does no matter (it still
         | does though) because USA is doing their best to destroy the
         | planet.
        
           | tlogan wrote:
           | Using the IEA's 2024 energy-related CO2 data, advanced
           | economies emitted 10.9 billion tonnes out of a global 37.8
           | billion tonnes in 2024, which is about 28.8% of the world
           | total.
           | 
           | So if developed countries completely eliminate all pollution
           | we will reduce it by 30%. Good. Then what is the next step?
           | War with China? Attack India?
           | 
           | [1] https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-
           | review-2025/co2-em...
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | Let China continue to cancel fossil fuel plants as they
             | roll out renewables and electrify at rapid scale? It's not
             | 1980, China is leading a lot of key technologies and
             | they're looking like they value long-term planning a lot
             | more than we do.
             | 
             | To the extent that they need a nudge, a carbon tax would be
             | very effective for correcting export market incentives,
             | too.
        
               | tlogan wrote:
               | They are doing so good that they increased their emission
               | by 4.7% from 2022 to 2023. /s
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | China has long surpassed most countries in per-capita
           | emissions and is still on an upward trajectory. India is on
           | an upward trajectory but still below the world average. The
           | US and Canada are higher than China but on a downward
           | trajectory. The EU is on a downward trajectory and below
           | China.
           | 
           | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co-emissions-per-capita
        
             | gedy wrote:
             | You quickly start seeing people's root biases about when
             | you bringing info like this up, "well but _historically_
             | ... ", "you know, the _colonialism_ ", "per capita ...",
             | etc. I wish we could deal with the here and now and deal
             | with this scientifically.
        
             | Tiktaalik wrote:
             | Those are our emissions that we have exported to china.
             | Your TV, Phone, etc etc isn't built in NA.
        
       | pvaldes wrote:
       | Dropping bombs has accelerated significantly. The last one to
       | leave, turn the light off.
        
       | santiagobasulto wrote:
       | What! you're saying that my selective recycling of paper and
       | having the plastic caps attached to the bottles didn't work?
       | SHOCKING
       | 
       | (only europeans will understand)
        
         | vrganj wrote:
         | It _did_ work. There 's wayyyyyy fewer lose plastic caps
         | littering the streets now.
         | 
         | There's more than one aspect to the environment. Plastic
         | pollution and global warming are two separate concerns with
         | separate ways of dealing with them.
        
       | zer0zzz wrote:
       | This entire thread is a demonstration in how doomed we are.
        
       | storus wrote:
       | I am wondering how much did war in Ukraine contribute to it? On
       | one hand, EU is pushing green agenda, on the other hand there are
       | daily oil storage facility explosions evaporating weeks of oil
       | consumption in a few hours.
        
       | blueeon wrote:
       | I am in Wuhan, China. This past winter, I was able to bike along
       | the lake all day. In previous winters, due to the cold and strong
       | winds, we rarely exercised by the lake. This has had the biggest
       | impact on me, and it's still a positive one.
        
         | apt-apt-apt-apt wrote:
         | Isn't this like a frog in a pot saying, ah the water was cold
         | but now it's warm!, moments before getting cooked?
        
       | fvv wrote:
       | I believe that as soon as nuclear fusion becomes operational (and
       | perhaps AI could be of great help in this regard in the next 5
       | years),
       | 
       | all the carbon storage methods (efficient and otherwise) studied
       | so far could be immediately put into action.
       | 
       | In addition to the immediate reduction in the use of fossil fuels
       | for energy production, the scenario could be completely changed
       | in 10 years, water could be desalinated, desertification
       | reversed, etc.
       | 
       | Free and unlimited energy would be the solution to everything.
       | The question is whether we will get there before it's too late...
       | and perhaps AI is the answer?
        
         | bakies wrote:
         | Fission is good enough for this.
        
         | DoctorOW wrote:
         | > _The question is whether we will get there before it 's too
         | late... and perhaps AI is the answer?_
         | 
         | I won't touch "free and unlimited energy", but is there even
         | evidence that AI produces more energy than it uses? Produces
         | any at all?
        
       | sulam wrote:
       | FWIW my personal assessment is that this acceleration is both
       | real and largely out of our control. Models in the past did not
       | attempt to account for non-anthropogenic carbon emissions, but as
       | we experience further warming, most especially in the Arctic,
       | feedback loops and tipping points mean that this (carbon
       | emissions caused by "natural" processes) are becoming more
       | evident. This is especially sensitive because a large proportion
       | of such emissions are methane, which is a much more powerful
       | greenhouse gas vs CO2, albeit with a much shorter expected effect
       | time once airborne (~12 years). Consider also that warming is not
       | uniform and the polar regions are warming significantly faster
       | (3x) than lower latitudes, making permafrost melting a very
       | significant climate tipping point. The last point I'll mention is
       | not about non-anthropogenic emissions but rather absorption. The
       | world's oceans have been a significant absorber of CO2 however
       | that process is sensitive to temperature and is less effective as
       | the planet warms, not to mention acidic ocean waters prevent
       | shell formation, which is a minor but meaningful carbon sink all
       | by itself.
       | 
       | I'm of the opinion that direct air capture is the primary escape
       | hatch we have for not hitting 3 or even 4C warming in the next
       | 100-200 years, which mean major dieoffs in warm latitudes, even
       | for humans, due to exceeding wet bulb limits. Oh and roughly 65M
       | of sea level rise as the planet shifts to a snow/ice-free mode.
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | No offense, but internet opinions are a dime a dozen -- do you
         | have some special experience / credentials in this area? The
         | arguments you provide are all just the sort of thing that PhD
         | students would study, and incorporate into their models. I'm
         | inclined to believe the experts, but if you _are_ one, and are
         | saying with authority that these effects are missed, that is a
         | much more interesting story.
        
           | hendler wrote:
           | The question is not if the commenter is an expert, but if
           | they are correct.
           | 
           | The claim that some models didn't take larger systems into
           | account is also because an expert in the arctic wasn't an
           | expert in oceans. And the expert in biodiversity isn't an
           | expert in food supply chains. Expertise isn't the question.
           | Instead it is - do all of us who are non experts (all of us)
           | have enough expert data to have a systemic understanding of
           | an accelerating trend?
        
             | pinkmuffinere wrote:
             | Ya, I agree, but I am not familiar with the intimate
             | details of present climate models, nor am I planning to be.
             | I can't/won't directly evaluate whether the argument they
             | present is correct. But if _they_ are familiar with the
             | intimate details of present climate models (ie, if they are
             | an expert), I will tend to trust them more.
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | I'm not a modeler but I have directly asked modelers if
               | clathrates, permafrost melting, wildfire incidence and
               | ocean drawdown responses to warming was incorporated in
               | the major models. 5 years ago the answer was no. Today
               | the answer might be yes, but this is not really the point
               | I'm trying to make. It's really that we should expect to
               | see acceleration in warming as the natural environment
               | responds to anthropogenic ("forced") climate change.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | The models don't consider these because there's
               | considerable uncertainty as to the size of these effects
               | and potential countervailing forces of similar
               | magnitudes.
               | 
               | The fact is, for all of these other secondary effects
               | etc... we just don't know. It's too complicated of a
               | system.
               | 
               | So as a result, we've got a prediction of something
               | between "somewhat bad" and "catastrophically-is-an-
               | understatement bad" with a maximum likelihood estimate of
               | "really really bad."
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | And yet we can still say something simple that is true:
               | warming will accelerate due to non-human greenhouse gas
               | emissions as the planet continues to warm, due to
               | feedback loops and tipping points in the natural carbon
               | cycle. This is an unassailable statement.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | > This is an unassailable statement.
               | 
               | No. I believe what you're saying is very likely to be
               | true, but we know there's both positive and negative
               | feedback and we don't _really know_ how they really will
               | interplay and where all the tipping points are.
               | 
               | There may even be significant phase delay in these
               | mechanisms and so we could even get oscillation.
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | Over time periods in excess of 10K years this is a
               | reasonable caveat. For more human-oriented timelines,
               | there's no negative feedback mechanism I'm aware of that
               | would do anything close to producing an actual
               | oscillation.
               | 
               | Edit: I'd be happy for you to educate me how I'm wrong
               | btw, since that would mean I've missed something
               | significant, which would make me happy! So please do tell
               | me if you know of such a mechanism.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | I really meant to say that there's no way to _really
               | know_ of any region of the CO2 vs. temperature graph if
               | there 's positive or negative feedback dominating. You're
               | proposing it all runs away in one lump, and I'm saying
               | that there can be chunks of runaway and then damping. An
               | extreme case would be if things are really underdamped
               | somewhere and we spiral down to one of these points.
               | 
               | There are all kinds of things that have time lags from
               | years to centuries, though, that could cause ringing
               | (ocean heat uptake, rates of carbon uptake as the
               | biosphere adapts and shifts, etc).
               | 
               | Indeed, we have evidence of ringing in the geologic
               | climate record-- like Dansgaard-Oeschger events. We also
               | live with ringing in weather systems like El Nino.
               | Warming intensifying or creating new modes of oscillation
               | would _not be that surprising_.
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | > ... we just don't know. It's too complicated of a
               | system.
               | 
               | I wish this comment was higher up.
               | 
               | The big thing under-discussed about climate change is
               | that the deeper we get into it, the harder it is to
               | predict and understand.
               | 
               | I recall Dr. Richard Alley discussing how Thwaites
               | Glacier collapsing wasn't factored into any IPCC reports;
               | but ultimately pointed out it was for good reason because
               | it's simply not possible to model these things and their
               | consequences accurately.
               | 
               | I don't do any climate modeling, but I do a lot of other
               | modeling and forecasting: the biggest assumption we make
               | in all statistical models is that the system itself more
               | or less stays statistically similar to what it currently
               | is and what we have seen in past. As soon as you drop
               | that assumption you're increasingly in the world of wild
               | guessing. If you wanted me to build you a RAM price
               | prediction model 2 years ago, I could have done a pretty
               | good job. Ask for one today and your better off asking
               | someone with industry but no modeling experience what
               | they think might happen.
               | 
               | This is the hidden threat of climate change most people
               | are completely unaware of: we can know it will be bad
               | when certain things happen, we know they will happen in
               | the nearish future, but we can't really say exactly how
               | and when they'll unfold with any meaningful confidence.
        
             | cyanydeez wrote:
             | On the internet the default pisition is not true/untrue;
             | its, why should I acknowledge you?
             | 
             | If you are still trying to gauge truth before this, you are
             | poisoning your mental heuristics. Thats why propaganda are
             | ao effecfive: you can be told something is either, and it
             | can still be effective.
             | 
             | Humans and LLMs are similar: the separation between input
             | and commands is not a hard barrier.
             | 
             | So, back to GP: CLIMATE CHANGE is reversible. It just
             | depends on whether we are talking about socipecnomics or
             | physical processes.
        
           | sulam wrote:
           | 2 years ago this was hard won knowledge, searching for papers
           | and then putting it all together in survey form for analysis.
           | Today I can tell you: feel free to ask Deep Research or
           | another LLM you trust to do that work for you, generating
           | citations along the way. You can convince yourself vs me
           | having to convince you. It will take about 15 minutes.
        
             | pinkmuffinere wrote:
             | For better or worse, I don't trust an LLM to give me a
             | correct answer in this space. But you've kindof dodged the
             | question by recommending LLM's -- do you have special
             | experience / credentials in this area?
        
               | Yhippa wrote:
               | If they said yes, would you blindly trust them? They told
               | you to "do your own research" effectively and you punted.
               | That would arguably be a more reassuring path for you I
               | assume.
        
               | pinkmuffinere wrote:
               | Truthfully, because they dodged the question I am now a
               | bit suspicious of everything they say. It just seems a
               | bit deceitful. I explicitly called out the dodging not
               | because I wanted to hear from them after they'd dodged
               | it, but because I want to make it clear to GP that their
               | answer is not sufficient, and highlight to others that
               | they maybe shouldn't trust GP.
               | 
               | If they had answered my first question in the affirmative
               | (something like "I am a researcher at X institute on this
               | topic"), ya, I think I would have trusted them.
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | I don't type fast on my phone, so you're getting
               | responses as I can give them. I think I've answered your
               | questions sufficiently to draw your own conclusions at
               | this point. Feel free to ignore me. Physics doesn't care.
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | I answered elsewhere. I've been doing research on this
               | topic for about 10 years, but I am not a climate modeler.
               | I have spoken to people who are climate modelers and, at
               | the time, these non-anthropogenic factors were not
               | controlled for. They acknowledged that this was a blind
               | spot that needed more research. At the time Arctic
               | warming was only just beginning to be recognized as
               | happening more quickly than the rest of the planet and
               | the implications of that were concerning but unclear.
               | There is still some acknowledged lack of understanding
               | for just why the polar regions are warming so much faster
               | (it's not all melting / albedo feedback, because it's
               | happening in Antarctica too). What is less debated at
               | this point is that permafrost comprises a truly mammoth
               | proportion of CO2/CH4 reserves that are on an accelerated
               | melting path (~1000Gt was the last estimate I saw,
               | although it's not all likely to go up at once of course).
        
             | order-matters wrote:
             | I do not trust any LLM. But I am with the other person, the
             | intention is not to discredit you or make you convince us -
             | you are doing exactly what a comment section is designed
             | for. Your comment is so good, in fact, that we want to
             | trust it more than a comment in general deserves to be
             | trusted.
             | 
             | while i agree its better to go off and prove it to
             | ourselves, there is merit in having a conversation here
        
             | philipwhiuk wrote:
             | The people who say the Earth is flat have been "searching
             | for papers" too.
             | 
             | No offense, but you sound like an oil shill.
        
           | nostrebored wrote:
           | Surely the children churning out papers in a memey field,
           | with no real special insight into computational modeling, are
           | the real ones to trust! Their papers are in Nature!
           | 
           | Ridiculous take, and you'd know that the OP was correct if
           | you cared enough to know what researchers were actually
           | saying.
           | 
           | Climate arguments devolve into appeals to impact claimed by
           | authorities rather than any examination of what they've said.
        
           | transcriptase wrote:
           | Would a PhD student incorporate something into their model
           | that flipped their results from agreeing to disagreeing with
           | the premise that has not only practically become a religion,
           | but forms the foundation for more and more funding flowing
           | into their field each year?
           | 
           | Would they really want to risk being basically excommunicated
           | from their area of research for daring to provide ammo to
           | "climate change deniers"?
        
         | deepsun wrote:
         | Re carbon capture -- we can cut trees and dump them in "carbon
         | storage" places like the bottom of some water bodies where due
         | to lack of oxygen no rotting happens, like peats and e.g. Black
         | Sea.
         | 
         | And grow new trees in their place of course.
        
           | adrianN wrote:
           | It's difficult to scale this to the levels we would need to
           | make a difference.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | The more likely candidate is mineral based, because yes
             | trees are hard to scale this way.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | Depending on the tree, freshly cut wood can have anywhere
             | from 1:3 to 2:1 ratio of water to actual wood fiber.
             | 
             | So, unless we want to remove a massive amount of fresh
             | water from the ecosystem, we also need to invest energy in
             | drying out the wood well below natural humidity levels
             | (transport to a desert maybe?) on top of electrifying what
             | is currently a diesel and gas heavy industry (cutting and
             | transporting logs with heavy machinery).
             | 
             | There's definitely lower hanging fruit for getting C02 out
             | of the cycle.
        
               | MarkusQ wrote:
               | Dumping wet wood--even very, very wet wood in a lake and
               | sinking it to the bottom does not "remove a massive
               | amount of fresh water from the ecosystem". It does not
               | remove any fresh water from the ecosystem.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | Sinking wood into a lake won't remove the carbon unless
               | you have a very deep lake, and you'd need many, many of
               | them to have any impact on the CO2 levels whatsoever. The
               | scale of wood that would need to be harvested is far
               | beyond dropping some logs in a lake.
               | 
               | They need to go into a deep enough pit where the methane
               | produced from anerobic breakdown won't reach the
               | atmosphere.
               | 
               | The conditions that created the lignite coal and peat
               | simply aren't that easily reproducible, especially with
               | large volume of wood (rather than ferns over thousands
               | and millions of years).
        
               | MarkusQ wrote:
               | So sink them in the ocean. Or better, burn off the
               | hydrogen and use the energy to dry the wood, leaving the
               | bulk of the carbon, and then mix that in with the soil.
               | 
               | Recreating the lignite era process could be as easy as
               | genetically engineering an alternative,presently
               | indigestable version of lignin.
               | 
               | But my point is that the claim above that sequestering
               | wet wood will somehow take meaningful quantities of water
               | (fresh or otherwise) out of the ecosystem is just plain
               | silly.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | > Recreating the lignite era process could be as easy as
               | genetically engineering an alternative,presently
               | indigestable version of lignin.
               | 
               | Ah yes, so easy. Why on earth have we been treating wood
               | with chemicals to prevent rot in our structures when we
               | could have just engineered them to not rot all along?
        
               | MarkusQ wrote:
               | "Easy" is relative. If the comparison is completely
               | abandoning fossil fuels, launching continent sized
               | parasols into space, running a significant fraction of
               | the atmosphere through a magic filter, etc. the bar is
               | quite different than your moved-goalposts of "compared to
               | spraying something on some fraction of our lumber".
        
             | deepsun wrote:
             | Yes, agree. But I'm not sure direct air capture is more
             | scalable than trees. Yes trees need to be moved, but at
             | least they grow by themselves.
        
           | tasty_freeze wrote:
           | Considering the scale that we are burning oil and gas, our
           | sequestration efforts would have to be comparable. Continuing
           | to burn oil and gas and trying to recapture it is madness,
           | like realizing you are driving way too fast and instead of
           | taking your foot off the gas, you keep flooring it but start
           | applying the brakes.
           | 
           | If we could actually grow trees to capture carbon equivalent
           | to 250M+ barrel of oil _per day_ , it would be better to just
           | grow trees and burn them for energy.
        
             | chinathrow wrote:
             | If we just could stop burning that oil, that would be
             | great.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | What about solar shades? Seems like a _relatively_ quick and
         | easy way to regulate solar input. It 's nice too because you
         | can quickly remove it if necessary.
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | Only becomes viable if you have things like Starship online
           | and fully operational, with launch rates at the level of
           | Falcon 9 today. At the minimum.
           | 
           | Still a more viable option than bringing greenhouse gas
           | emissions into the negatives globally, by the way. But that's
           | a low bar. Nuking the ocean floor is probably a better call.
        
             | casey2 wrote:
             | I'm confident that pushing everyone involved with Starship
             | into the ocean would be a better and faster and more
             | ethical green transition.
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | How long would a single cargo-load of shades have to be
           | operational just to offset the amount of CO2 emitted by its
           | launch?
        
           | post-it wrote:
           | Reducing sunlight to the surface means we lose solar power
           | effectiveness and we need to use more power for artificial
           | lighting to grow plants.
        
             | altruios wrote:
             | Most of the surface of the earth is covered with water...
             | 
             | What if we cover the ice caps, and cover parts of the ocean
             | instead of messing with grow cycles of plants on land...
             | 
             | No reduction in solar power, no artificial lights to grow
             | plants. What effects might that have on ocean life? (below
             | a certain depth - probably nothing, so surface ocean life
             | is what we need to look at).
             | 
             | Just my two cents... we got plenty of surface area we can
             | cover and potentially not affect much at all for day to day
             | for animals, plants, and humans.
        
               | post-it wrote:
               | Plankton in the ocean produce our oxygen via
               | photosynthesis.
        
               | altruios wrote:
               | Yep, and those need sunlight, silly oversight.
        
             | ACCount37 wrote:
             | Not to a significant degree.
             | 
             | Preventing 1% of sunlight from hitting Earth is more than
             | enough to offset climate change heating. It's not enough to
             | make agriculture or photovoltaics uneconomical. In many
             | regions, it might make agriculture more viable on the net,
             | not less - by reducing climate risks.
        
           | teamonkey wrote:
           | What percentage of the 128-million-square-km cross-sectional
           | area of the earth are you proposing to shade?
        
             | jpadkins wrote:
             | kinda obvious, the wealthy parts?
        
         | jgalt212 wrote:
         | > Oh and roughly 65M of sea level rise as the planet shifts to
         | a snow/ice-free mode.
         | 
         | Where is this new figure coming from? It seems about 60X what's
         | being published elsewhere.
        
           | toxik wrote:
           | If all glaciers and ice sheets on Earth melted, sea levels
           | would rise roughly 65-70 meters (about 210-230 feet). It's
           | worth noting that a full melt of Antarctica alone would take
           | many thousands of years even under extreme warming scenarios,
           | so this is more of a thought experiment than a near-term
           | risk. Current projections for this century focus on partial
           | contributions, with estimates ranging from roughly 0.3 to
           | over 1 meter of rise by 2100 depending on emissions pathways.
        
           | marssaxman wrote:
           | That's been known for a long time - it just hasn't been
           | considered a likely scenario. It's the rise we'd expect if
           | all the ice on Greenland and Antarctica were to melt:
           | 
           | https://sealevel.nasa.gov/understanding-sea-level/global-
           | sea...
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | Albedo modification (stratospheric aerosols) seems much cheaper
         | than direct air capture, as a stopgap.
        
           | adrianN wrote:
           | That unfortunately doesn't help with ocean acidification.
        
             | ryeights wrote:
             | We simply drop a giant tub of baking soda into the ocean
             | every now and then.
        
               | Fishkins wrote:
               | Thus solving the problem once and for all
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW66EX75jIY
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | So what? You still save millions of lives.
        
               | culi wrote:
               | The research isn't there. Jury is still out on whether
               | the long term consequences are a net benefit. In the end
               | you're talking about increasing emissions for a temporary
               | decrease in temperatures. And the chemicals we have that
               | are good candidates for albedo modification are quite
               | toxic. Today more than 10% of deaths globally can already
               | be attributed to air quality
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | If India is experiencing large scale mortality from
               | warming, they aren't going to give a damn about your
               | concerns. They're just going to inject aerosols into the
               | stratosphere.
        
               | culi wrote:
               | India especially is experiencing many more deaths from
               | air quality than from warming
        
               | groby_b wrote:
               | Humans tend to not breathe in a lot of stratospheric
               | aerosols, on account of that being pretty high up.
               | 
               | As they sink down, they grow larger (condensation &
               | coagulation). Once they reach the troposphere, they
               | usually get down via precipitation, which also isn't
               | really affecting a lot of breathing.
               | 
               | They can absolutely have _other_ effects (see SO2
               | /acidification, e.g), but air quality isn't really the
               | main concern. For SO2 specifically, there's actually very
               | little mortality sensitivity:
               | https://www.giss.nasa.gov/pubs/abs/wa01010x.html
               | 
               | You're right that the research isn't there yet to make
               | statements with confidence, but that applies to the air
               | quality claim as well.
        
         | wing-_-nuts wrote:
         | Relying on DAC is putting our fate in the hands of a technology
         | we've never deployed beyond some pitifully small pilot
         | projects, and expecting that we're going to be able to deploy
         | that at a larger scale than we've deployed any technology since
         | electricity itself.
         | 
         | We're going to have to resort to geoengineering alright, but
         | it's gonna likely be stratospheric sulfate injection given how
         | cheaply that can be done. Is it ideal? Nope. Better than global
         | warming itself? Time will tell.
        
           | marssaxman wrote:
           | The prospect that the future we're headed for will be one
           | where the survival of civilization (and much of humanity)
           | depends on a massive, ongoing industrial process of upper
           | atmosphere pollution, in order to counteract the massive,
           | ongoing industrial process of CO2 pollution we can't be arsed
           | to rein in, leaves me feeling relieved to be mortal.
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | I don't disagree. At this point, I'm thankful I never
             | wanted kids.
        
           | auntienomen wrote:
           | It's going to have to be a mixture of approaches.
           | Stratospheric injection buys time for more holistic
           | solutions.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | > major dieoffs in warm latitudes, even for humans, due to
         | exceeding wet bulb limits
         | 
         | my extremely pessimistic position is nothing will happen
         | systemically even after the first few such events, and they'll
         | take tens if not hundreds of thousands of lives.
         | 
         | I hope writing this out jinxes it.
        
           | zeryx wrote:
           | Are you kidding? It will be Millions easily. It will just
           | take 1 or two blackouts in wet bulb conditions to cause that
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | You saw our reaction to covid. Millions. It will take
           | millions of deaths in a nuclear armed country. See 'The
           | ministry for the future'
        
             | fwipsy wrote:
             | I generally endorse that book but I am not sure we are
             | quite so short-sighted. What's necessary is for the people
             | who have power (not just billionaires and politicians, but
             | even the middle class in democracies) to feel that they are
             | in danger. A heat wave with a million casualties might do
             | it, but I'm not sure it's the only way.
        
           | estimator7292 wrote:
           | We are already _far_ past the point of mere thousands of
           | lives. Entire cities have been wiped off the map by floods.
           | 
           | It will take millions, if not close to a billion lives before
           | we get serious
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | > Entire cities have been wiped off the map by floods.
             | 
             | Could you name some?
        
           | yoyohello13 wrote:
           | I wish it were different but I would not be surprised if it's
           | billions before anything changes. And even then there will be
           | a major proportion of people that celebrate it as the second
           | coming.
        
             | fwipsy wrote:
             | Billions? Sounds optimistic. Try trillions or quadrillions
             | before anything really changes. Orders of magnitude are
             | just a dime a dozen after all.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | The ingredients for the Syrian conflict came about because of
           | climate change (dried up farms - farmers moving to cities to
           | find jobs - social tension). The last 10+ years has shown
           | that the relatively well-off Europeans would rather watch the
           | Syrians drown rather than "pollute" their luxury enclaves...
           | 
           | We'd rather kill everyone else rather than give up our
           | luxuries...
        
         | pier25 wrote:
         | Excellent comment. I would only add two points.
         | 
         | I think it's important to mention the effects we're seeing
         | today are caused by the emissions from decades ago.
         | 
         | Second, not sure if the paper in the OP touches this but we've
         | reduced aerosols in the atmosphere. These previously were
         | masking the effects of climate change by cooling the
         | temperature.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | The paper states it adjusts for "ENSO, volcanic eruptions,
           | and solar variations" and not (afaict) the changes in
           | shipping bunker fuel that reduced atmospheric SO2 (if that is
           | what you mean by "reduced aerosols"). Below is a summary of
           | the topic for those who are unaware. I withhold any opinion
           | of validity of mechanism or effect.                 Sulphur
           | particles contained in ships' exhaust fumes had been
           | counteracting        some of the warming coming from
           | greenhouse gases. Lowering the sulfur content        of
           | marine fuel weakened this masking effect, effectively giving
           | a boost to        warming.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | > Models in the past did not attempt to account for non-
         | anthropogenic carbon emissions
         | 
         | They're literally mentioned by the first IPCC report already.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | Early IPCC reports, all the way up to AR5 basically threw
           | their hands up when it came to permafrost emissions. They
           | admitted we didn't have the necessary data yet and for the
           | most part didn't account for it at all in their models
           | 
           | Check out the 1.5C special report. Go to section 2.2.1.2,
           | last paragraph says
           | 
           | > The reduced complexity climate models employed in this
           | assessment do not take into account permafrost or non-CO2
           | Earth system feedbacks, although the MAGICC model has a
           | permafrost module that can be enabled. Taking the current
           | climate and Earth system feedbacks understanding together,
           | there is a possibility that these models would underestimate
           | the longer-term future temperature response to stringent
           | emission pathways
           | 
           | https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/chapter/chapter-2/#:~:text=Geophysi.
           | ..
        
             | Someone wrote:
             | The claim being discussed is not that they didn't account
             | for it, but that they didn't _attempt to account_ for it.
             | Reading that text, I think they did, but chose not to
             | include it (I guess because they didn't need to to make
             | their point and, by not including it, avoided opponents
             | from arguing about the validity of the result based on
             | uncertainties in those models)
        
               | culi wrote:
               | I don't get the distinction you're trying to make. It
               | seems to me they _considered_ it, but did not even
               | _attempt_ to account for it.
               | 
               | They admitted limitations of the data/research they had
               | available. Their model explicitly does not attempt to
               | account for it.
        
               | lokar wrote:
               | Is it fair to say they account for it, but don't try to
               | quantify if?
        
               | culi wrote:
               | it did not factor into their models at all. They simply
               | mentioned it. Mostly as an asterisk for why their models
               | are likely an underestimation
        
         | mempko wrote:
         | Regarding carbon capture, it will take more energy to capture
         | the carbon than we burned putting it up there in the first
         | place. Alan Kay, who actually did some systems work on the
         | environment, explained it to me that the climate system is like
         | an upside down coke bottle. It doesn't take much energy to tip
         | it over, but it takes a lot more to put it back up.
         | 
         | In other words, we shouldn't have tipped it over in the first
         | place. We may not have the energy to put things back to a
         | habitable place.
        
           | danny_codes wrote:
           | Physically that's not the case.
           | 
           | Scaled up nuclear power could be had for $3-4B a gigawatt/h.
           | We waste say $1T a year on basic things, like not having
           | universal healthcare. So a simple policy change would let us
           | build about 300 reactors a years, after some scaling period.
           | The excess energy can be used to turn C02 back into oil.
           | 
           | It's not technically that difficult, we just chose to waste
           | money on stupid things and rich people toys instead.
           | 
           | Energy abundance is simply the choose to build nuclear power
           | plants at scale
        
             | mempko wrote:
             | Since the industrial revolution we've emitted about 1.5
             | trillion tonnes of CO2. Direct air capture requires roughly
             | 1,500 kWh per tonne, so recapturing all of it would take
             | around 2,250,000 TWh. Current global electricity production
             | is about 30,000 TWh/year. That's 75 years of the entire
             | world's electricity output just for capture, before you
             | even convert it back to fuel, which costs even more energy.
             | And thermodynamically you can never break even: we only
             | extracted maybe 30-40% of fossil fuel energy as useful
             | work, but reversing the dispersal of CO2 from 420ppm in the
             | atmosphere fights entropy all the way back. It will always
             | cost more energy to put back than we got taking it out. As
             | for the nuclear numbers: Vogtle, the only recent US build,
             | came in at ~$16B/GW, not $3-4B. The world started
             | construction on 9 reactors total in 2024. The all time peak
             | was ~30/year in the 1980s. 300/year has never been close to
             | reality. Average build time is about 9 years per reactor.
             | I'm not anti-nuclear but you can't hand-wave your way past
             | thermodynamics and industrial scaling with "it's just a
             | policy choice."
        
         | philipwhiuk wrote:
         | > I'm of the opinion that direct air capture is the primary
         | escape hatch we have for not hitting 3 or even 4C warming in
         | the next 100-200 years
         | 
         | Why is it always never 'burn less fossil fuels'.
         | 
         | Anything but the oil company bottom line huh?
        
           | culi wrote:
           | nobody will champion degrowth because it means less profits
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | We could cease burning all fossil fuels tomorrow and we'd
           | _still_ have to resort to geoengineering. Read the IPCC
           | projections. All of the ones that keep us below 3c require
           | 'negative emissions'. That's code for DAC, a technology that
           | we've only ever deployed to small pilot projects, deployed
           | more widely, more quickly, than we've deployed any technology
           | ever.
           | 
           | TLDR: We're gonna have to use sulfate injection until we can
           | transition our economy
        
             | zargon wrote:
             | Yes. And if we don't also stop burning fossil fuels then
             | we'll never even break even.
        
         | imglorp wrote:
         | > direct air capture is the primary escape hatch
         | 
         | We MUST MUST MUST stop burning things. Stop it.
         | 
         | - We are still mining and burning coal. This is
         | incomprehensible. US, AU, etc Eg: https://www.nacoal.com/our-
         | operations
         | 
         | - We are still subsidizing oil to around $1T/year, not counting
         | oil wars.
         | 
         | Yes it will take some grid and storage upgrades (US) and
         | continue to embrace renewables. It would be cheaper than the
         | oil subsidy.
         | 
         | Otherwise it doesn't make sense to put CO2 into the air with
         | one hand and take it out with another.
        
           | crystal_revenge wrote:
           | This is why it's clear we will never do anything to slow the
           | progression of climate change.
           | 
           |  _By far_ the most effective an immediate solution to
           | limiting the damage of climate change is to simply to _keep
           | fossil fuels in the ground_.
           | 
           | People talk about the economic pain of doing this, but that
           | economic pain is nothing compared to the impact of
           | unmitigated climate change.
           | 
           | Even though this would be painful, it is also _by far_ the
           | easiest and fastest to implement solution. It would take
           | fantastically more time and resources to scale up direct air
           | capture (even if it existed in a scalable format today) to
           | come anywhere near addressing this problem.
           | 
           | > Yes it will take some grid and storage upgrades (US) and
           | continue to embrace renewables
           | 
           | This is not exactly true, we would have to experience global
           | economic collapse in order to reduce our fossil fuel use. 80%
           | of energy is _not_ spent on electricity globally and this is
           | non-electricity usage is where most of the fossil fuels are
           | consumed and this drives most of the global economy. There 's
           | a good reason there are multiple wars being fought over for
           | oil.
        
             | jimnotgym wrote:
             | Genuinely not being snide, I really do not know.
             | 
             | Is it possible to produce steel on industrial scales
             | without coal?
             | 
             | I know early ironmaking (I live fairly close to
             | Coalbrookdale!) used charcoal, but is that possible at a
             | large scale?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | It's complicated:
               | https://news.mit.edu/2025/decarbonizing-steel-tough-as-
               | steel...
               | 
               | This is one of the stronger arguments for a carbon tax:
               | if you can't ignore externalities, people have strong
               | incentives to use less (e.g. buying a car instead of an
               | SUV or biking) and all of the alternative fuel and
               | process work is going to be easier if the cost comparison
               | is more even.
        
             | Liftyee wrote:
             | The economic pain is current. The impact of unmitigated
             | climate change will happen in the future. Thus, the
             | ingrained short-term thinking of the markets and
             | politicians makes this sort of planning ahead difficult.
             | 
             | It seems like the whole economic system runs on a quarterly
             | time scale - just look at all the times negligent
             | maintenance to improve profits in the short term have
             | caused disasters in the long term.
             | 
             | Not sure what the solution is though, so I won't complain
             | too much.
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | > the ingrained short-term thinking of the markets and
               | politicians
               | 
               | Honestly, if we made even a step towards the changes
               | necessary to limit the current damage most of HN
               | readership, especially the "green" ones that don't seem
               | to understand global energy usage, would be revolting as
               | well.
               | 
               | The pandemic was a great example of what this would look
               | like as a first step. If we even cared a tiny bit about
               | slowing climate change, there would have been at least
               | some amount of people voicing that we should actually
               | continue to follow early pandemic economic restrictions
               | since it did impact global oil usage.
               | 
               | I pointed this out pretty frequently at the time and was
               | nearly always down voted for it. People want "green" to
               | mean "buying the right thing", they don't want "green" to
               | mean "slicing my annual pay to 1/3, never using Amazon or
               | large retail company to purchase thing, no fruit in the
               | winter, and expensive locally woven clothes".
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | > Thus, the ingrained short-term thinking of the markets
               | and politicians
               | 
               | I don't think they're the only ones to blame. People want
               | what's cheaper/keeps their standard of living the same.
               | Any of these changes temporality upset and outright
               | destroy large portions of the economy. You would be
               | kicking the silent majority right in the wallet, who
               | doesn't care all that much about any of this.
        
           | simonsarris wrote:
           | US, AU?
           | 
           | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/coal-consumption-by-
           | count...
        
             | imglorp wrote:
             | Yeah true. I was just giving western examples.
             | 
             | To be fair, CN is known for exploring all avenues and are
             | deploying a ton of solar and nuclear. http://large.stanford
             | .edu/courses/2022/ph241/patel2/images/f...
        
               | simonsarris wrote:
               | It's commendable relative to other countries not
               | deploying much, but nonetheless, CO2 cares only about
               | totals. See consumption by source:
               | 
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/energy-consumption-by-
               | sou...
        
           | morphle wrote:
           | > We MUST MUST stop burning things.
           | 
           | Yes, we must. It is so rare to see someone saying this in
           | public. Thank you for this simple clarity.
           | 
           | Stop burning everything! Fossil fuel, wood, plastic, garbage,
           | paper. Stop making methane.
           | 
           | We only need solar energy at 1 dollarcent or eurocent (it
           | will get much cheaper still!!) and a little batteries for the
           | convenience of using electricity when the sun does not shine.
           | 
           | In the north and south you need more solar panels in the
           | winter than in the summer by a factor of 50. But that pays it
           | back in summer when you have a squanderable abundance of free
           | and clean energy. We can store that surplus energy in
           | purifying drinking water, melting iron ore or aluminum [5],
           | melting reusable plastics or purifying silicon ingots.
           | 
           | Storing surplus heat or cold in the ground is another luxury,
           | because it is more expensive than 1 dollarcent or eurocent
           | solar running a heatpump.
           | 
           | Wind and hydro are also more costly than solar so they are
           | another luxury with worse environmental costs than pure solar
           | cells.
           | 
           | We need to build Enernet, a peer to peer electricity net and
           | internet between all buildings with power routers. for around
           | 100 dollar per building. You buy and sell your house surplus
           | solar electricity to the neighborhood where it can be stored
           | in car batteries. See my Fiberhood white paper [2].
           | 
           | [1] Enernet: Squanderable abundance of free and clean energy
           | - Bob Metcalfe https://youtu.be/axfsqdpHVFU?t=1565
           | 
           | [2] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Merik-
           | Voswinkel/publica...
           | 
           | [3] Amory Lovins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v02BNSUxxEA
           | 
           | [4] Saul Griffith on the one billion machines that will
           | electrify America https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iEOPx2X-EtE
           | 
           | [5] 101 million machines away from a zero emission Australia
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQ8-uAhG-zs
        
             | reducesuffering wrote:
             | > Stop burning everything! Fossil fuel, wood, plastic,
             | garbage.
             | 
             | I don't understand the wood argument. Isn't it widely
             | accepted we need to do burns to manage forests? Wood is a
             | short-term cycle of carbon. It releases when it burns but
             | frees up space to capture it right after. When people live
             | on rural plots and trees fall, should they burn for heat
             | (and lessen needing other energy sources) or let it
             | decompose and cause the same thing? It's not the same as
             | extracting deeply embedded carbon sources that won't make
             | it to the atmosphere if untouched (fossil fuels)
        
               | morphle wrote:
               | Wood and plant burning requires a longer nuanced answer
               | than the Hacker News format allows. Humanity must not cut
               | forests or grow plants unnecessarily. If you must use
               | wood to build a house -(there are better and cheaper
               | materials in terms of energy and climate change enhancing
               | emissions, see for examples Amory Lovins book Reinventing
               | Fire or his lectures on Youtube) - then first grow those
               | trees in a place that has no natural forest. And then do
               | not burn the wood after you demolish the house. Do not
               | use wood from forest, humans should let the forest manage
               | itself.
               | 
               | Same with clearing the underbush of Meditaranian and
               | hotter climate forest to prevent forest fires. If
               | humanity had not managed those forest (grazing animals,
               | building roads, harvesting) in the first place than there
               | would have been no buildup of excess material that
               | sustain wildfires past its natural rate.
        
               | imglorp wrote:
               | The trick to forest management is allow or create small,
               | frequent burns that clean up dry, overgrown understories.
               | Nature does this without our help and some species even
               | depend on it. If we interfere with this, eventually
               | there's a big fire instead that levels the place.
        
           | tsoukase wrote:
           | Stopping burning fuel now will return us centuries in the
           | past, I suppose to about 1700. Twenty years ago it would
           | return us to 1500. Then a handful of people had heating in
           | their homes and a horse to travel. This will happen again if
           | we stop burning now.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | Such claims are ridiculous. Nobody needs burning fuel.
             | Everybody just needs energy and it does not matter which is
             | its source.
             | 
             | If enough energy is produced by other means than burning
             | fossil fuel, nobody will return to the past.
             | 
             | I happen to be one of those who does not use directly any
             | kind of energy, except electrical. Despite the fact that I
             | am still connected to methane gas distribution, I have
             | never burned it for already around a decade. (And unlike
             | most, I cook myself from raw ingredients everything that I
             | eat, but I stopped using flames for that many years ago.)
             | 
             | If burning fossil fuel would stop completely right now,
             | that would not affect me at all, much less would return me
             | centuries in the past, as long as the electrical energy
             | supplier has enough sources in its hydroelectric, solar,
             | wind and nuclear plants, all of which are abundant where I
             | live.
             | 
             | For aircraft and spacecraft, hydrocarbon fuel will remain
             | the best solution, but synthesizing hydrocarbons was
             | already possible at large scale before WWII and it could
             | solve easily this problem in a CO2-neutral manner, if a
             | fraction of the money wasted for various useless or harmful
             | things would be invested in improving the efficiency of
             | such critical technologies.
        
               | joquarky wrote:
               | Most people can't afford to go 100% electric.
               | 
               | Many of them are already sacrificing health care to
               | afford food and shelter.
        
             | danny_codes wrote:
             | Bro what are you talking about. Nuclear power exists. You
             | simply scale one we have now by 10x and buy BYDs EV
             | capacity for 5 years and you're done.
             | 
             | It's not even particularly expensive relative to GDP.
        
           | getnormality wrote:
           | > Otherwise it doesn't make sense to put CO2 into the air
           | with one hand and take it out with another.
           | 
           | I agree that it doesn't make sense, but I also want to
           | challenge the engineering assumption that an extremely
           | relatively inefficient solution should be ruled out.
           | 
           | If direct air capture _worked_ and simply required absurd
           | amounts of carbon-free power, say from nuclear, it would mean
           | that we no longer have to fight political battles against the
           | entrenched incumbents. They could simply emit whatever our
           | elected politicians let them get away with, and DAC would
           | soak it up.
           | 
           | I completely acknowledge that it seems somehow egregious to
           | do it this way. I am an efficiency-minded person and would
           | hope that we could do it the efficient way. But given all the
           | ugly constraints and lack of progress so far, should we
           | really expect this to be solved the way an efficency-minded
           | engineer might prefer?
           | 
           | If we get to that level of desperation though, I would hope
           | that we could simply pay the emitters to install carbon
           | capture.
           | 
           | What I don't think will work is a politics of rage, righteous
           | or otherwise. I don't recall any incidents in history where a
           | politics of rage led to cool-headed, efficient technocratic
           | solutions. The perennial problem is that the same politics of
           | rage is equally accessible to your opponents, and it spirals
           | down from there towards disorder and violence.
        
         | WarmWash wrote:
         | Can't wait until the arctic unwinds and releases massive
         | amounts of methane into the air, then in the hot hell that
         | earth becomes, all the fucking idiots saying "See I told those
         | stupid liberals that the warming process was natural and not
         | from my truck!!!1!1"
        
         | mentos wrote:
         | What if global warming is beneficial to keep the next ice age
         | at bay?
        
         | jpadkins wrote:
         | > Oh and roughly 65M of sea level rise as the planet shifts to
         | a snow/ice-free mode
         | 
         | 65M seems a lot bigger than the 3.6mm/year rise we are seeing
         | today (with +1.5C in warming already happening). Where did you
         | read that we will get 65M of sea level rise with 1.5-2.5C more
         | warming?
        
         | ant6n wrote:
         | > I'm of the opinion that direct air capture is the primary
         | escape hatch
         | 
         | Great! That means we dont need to reduce emissions, cuz the
         | magic bullet will just take care of everything. No need to
         | change anything.
        
         | zahlman wrote:
         | > Oh and roughly 65M of sea level rise as the planet shifts to
         | a snow/ice-free mode.
         | 
         | Current rates of sea level rise are still in single digit
         | millimetres per year
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise), so that would
         | take millennia. If there's even enough ice in the caps to get
         | that far. Pre-historically, vast ice sheets covered broad
         | swaths of regions now considered "temperate" (per the famous
         | XKCD, "Boston [was] buried under almost a mile of ice"); what
         | remains is a tiny portion and it's simply hard to imagine that
         | it could fill the seas to such an extent.
         | 
         | If you have detailed calculations, please feel free to cite
         | them. But my back-of-the-envelope reasoning: NOAA gives an
         | average sea depth
         | (https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oceandepth.html) of 3,682
         | meters. You propose that this could increase by nearly 2%. But
         | the density of water only exceeds that of ice by about 9% (via
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice); the thickness of the
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_ice_sheet is only about
         | half that average sea depth; and it covers only about 4% of the
         | water-covered area of the planet (14 million km^2 vs. 361
         | million km^2, per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth) which is
         | not even all oceanic.
        
       | nsxwolf wrote:
       | We already mined enough uranium for 500+ years of energy but
       | people want to bury it in a mountain instead.
        
       | standeven wrote:
       | The main driver of this is human-produced CO2, and there are
       | meaningful ways to reduce usage.
       | 
       | -Switch to an electric vehicle -Migrate from gas appliances
       | (range, furnace, water heater) to electric (induction, heat
       | pumps) -If your power grid isn't clean, add rooftop or balcony
       | solar -Encourage friends and family to do the same
        
         | nairoz wrote:
         | And don't fly
        
           | pinkmuffinere wrote:
           | My impression is that flying on a commercial plane produces
           | less CO2 than driving? So if your only options are drive vs
           | fly, I think flying is the correct choice -- is that right?
        
             | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
             | It's code for "don't travel, especially long distance"...
             | because most people would simply not be willing to make
             | many trips if the trips took as long as the non-flight
             | option would require.
        
             | zaken wrote:
             | It's about 60 mpg per passenger to fly domestically and 90
             | mpg per passenger to fly internationally.
             | 
             | If you have a family of 4, you can think of it as the
             | equivalent of a 15 mpg vehicle for domestic flight and 22
             | mpg vehicle for international flight. So somewhere in the
             | range of a full-size pickup truck.
             | 
             | But -- when you fly, you go very far. If you go on vacation
             | to Hawaii from San Francisco once a year with your family,
             | that's the equivalent of driving a Ford F-150 for 5000
             | miles. If you visit India or China that's 15,000 Ford F-150
             | miles! In a single trip, more than what most people drive
             | in an entire year!
             | 
             | So you can make a big difference just preferring local
             | vacations instead of remote ones.
        
           | mr_mitm wrote:
           | And eat vegan and regional produce
           | 
           | And don't build things out of concrete
           | 
           | And better get a few room mates
        
           | hnfong wrote:
           | COVID proved that not flying barely made a dent in the global
           | emissions.
           | 
           | Sure, if we never fly again and reverted to living like a
           | medieval peasant, maybe things will kinda work out.
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | Prices are a great incentive.
         | 
         | In Germany, 1 kWh of electricity costs roughly 3x as much as 1
         | kWh of gas. That doesn't make heat pumps very attractive.
         | Historically the differences were even worse.
         | 
         | Relying on people individually making choices that are better
         | for the environment at a disadvantage for themselves is not
         | going to work.
        
           | blell wrote:
           | What we should do is make gas four times more expensive
           | through taxes to guarantee the poor never vote for the
           | progressives again. Unironically.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | A gas furnace produces at most 1 kWh of heat from 1 kWh of
           | gas. A heat pumps produces 3-4 kWh of heat from 1 kWh of
           | electricity. If electricity is 3x as much as gas per kWh the
           | heat pump should be less expensive to operate.
           | 
           | Plus, it also gives you AC which comes in handy if you live
           | someplace where you want AC.
        
             | orthecreedence wrote:
             | > If electricity is 3x as much as gas per kWh the heat pump
             | should be less expensive to operate.
             | 
             | This would be true if heat pumps were free. But "less
             | expensive to operate" needs to justify cost of installation
             | over some measurable period of time. If electricity is 3x
             | more expensive than gas, and the heat pump is 3-4x
             | (2.5-3.5x realistically) then you're barely squeeking by
             | except on the days when the pump is most efficient (when
             | it's already warm out). That 3.5 - 3 leaves 0.5, amortized
             | over the lifetime of the heat pump...might not even pay for
             | installation.
             | 
             | So, make heat pumps free or energy cheaper, I guess.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | The way a good heat pump works is that you can get about
           | 3-5kwh of heat out of 1 kwh of electricity. So, they can save
           | money over gas even though electricity is more expensive per
           | kwh. And of course gas prices fluctuate quite a bit. Right
           | now Germany is low on gas and gas prices are going through
           | the roof because of the situation in the middle east.
           | 
           | Here in Germany this issue is lack of policy, financing, and
           | a lot of people are renting. I actually pay about > 100/month
           | for gas. I live in a 20 apartment building with a big furnace
           | in the basement for the whole building. A heat pump would be
           | cheaper to run but you'd have to do a big one for the whole
           | building. This is actually a good thing. Big heat pumps can
           | be quite efficient. It's probably cheaper than having to
           | install 20 heatpumps for 20 apartments.
           | 
           | But buying and installing heat pumps costs money.
           | Technically, it is actually an investment (i.e. it has an
           | ROI). If you do this collectively as a building, you'd do it
           | to lower your monthly bills. This is something that should be
           | possible to finance out of those savings (at least
           | partially). That's literally why private home owners install
           | heat pumps and get their money back in 6-10 years typically.
           | Faster if they also invest in solar. And get an EV that also
           | powers from those panels.
           | 
           | But this where things break down in Germany. You need
           | consensus. And financing. And there are home owners that can
           | block things and it's their renters that pay the heating bill
           | so the owners don't care. And so on. And if you are renting,
           | you are not going to pay for this either. So, everybody just
           | coughs up the money every month without even questioning it.
           | My apartment doesn't even have a thermostat or a smart meter
           | for electricity. Apparently that's normal in this country.
           | Germany is just deeply bureaucratic and inefficient. For all
           | the talk about environment, they can't be arsed to do what
           | the rest of the world did decades ago: save some energy with
           | smart meters.
           | 
           | Policy could help here. Mainly clearing up bureaucracy. And
           | maybe some more subsidies/incentives (those already exist) or
           | low interest financing. And a clear political goal to vastly
           | reduce expensive gas imports. Even if the electricity for
           | powering these heat pumps would come from gas powered
           | electricity plants, it would still require a lot less gas.
           | And of course Germany has lots of wind power. I think other
           | countries in the EU are a bit further with their thinking
           | than Germany on this front. On paper it having lots of
           | apartment buildings like mine actually means it is fairly
           | straight forward from a technical point of view to upgrade
           | these buildings.
        
           | 0wis wrote:
           | If only the German infrastructure hadn't been built for
           | Nordstream...
           | 
           | In France, with Nuclear power and renewable it's 20% lower.
           | 
           | Prices also depends on who you want to give power.
        
         | yesfitz wrote:
         | Reduce consumption of farmed animal products to zero.
        
         | phasnox wrote:
         | > Switch to EV
         | 
         | Most people can't afford one
         | 
         | > -Migrate from gas appliances (range, furnace, water heater)
         | to electric (induction, heat pumps)
         | 
         | Electricity is considerably more expensive, people that leave
         | paycheck to paycheck would not be able to afford it
         | 
         | Here are somethings YOU can do personally to help:
         | 
         | - Never fly in an airplane again
         | 
         | - Never use ANY vehicle again, walk everywhere(yes EVs also
         | pollute)
         | 
         | - In the winter, don't turn on the heat.
         | 
         | - Eat only vegetables and things you don't need to cook
         | 
         | - etc
         | 
         | If you are not doing ALL OF THESE you have no right on telling
         | other people how they produce their CO2.
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | "since 1945"
        
         | bleuchase wrote:
         | Surely such a small variable wouldn't change anything about the
         | conclusion. And the method used to calculate global mean
         | surface temperature has never changed either.
        
       | sourcegrift wrote:
       | I wish more people understood the severity of the situation but
       | all we ever get is that "New York has been underwater since
       | 2010". Do people really want to take action only after the
       | problem is irreversibly bad!?
        
       | fragkakis wrote:
       | Isn't it an irony that much of this is in the name of resolving
       | World Problems, such as Global Warming
        
       | lunias wrote:
       | It's my understanding that if you look at a large enough
       | historical time window, although warming has accelerated recently
       | (and we are in part to blame); the Earth is still relatively cool
       | compared to historical averages.
        
         | pcl wrote:
         | Of course, the relevant thing for us as a species is whether or
         | not the forecast temperatures are sustainable for us.
         | 
         | The planet as a whole will do just fine. We're not going to
         | break the planet. The reason that people bring up the huge
         | anthropogenic spike in temperature is because us anthropoids
         | evolved in the context of a narrow band, and it would seem as
         | though we're moving the global climate out of that band.
        
           | casey2 wrote:
           | We aren't hunter gather's, mammals have been around for
           | hundreds of millions of years, and
           | 
           | Modern Humans can just use air conditioning tech, most people
           | in india already have a tanki, people will just dig as far as
           | they need to keep their water cool like they already do.
           | Irronically the people most affected are the affluent in
           | places like dubia, if the grid fails and they don't have
           | backups.
        
         | crims0n wrote:
         | I don't know why you are getting downvoted, you are absolutely
         | correct: https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-
         | environment/2024/09/1...
        
           | muwtyhg wrote:
           | Because from a human perspective, it doesn't matter. The
           | planet used to be a ball of molten rock at one point, it
           | doesn't mean we should shrug our shoulders at the thought of
           | it returning to a molten state. It may be "natural" but it's
           | not suitable for humans.
        
           | lunias wrote:
           | People like to get worked up about this topic haha. All I'm
           | sayin' is, it might get a lot hotter. Or maybe it will get
           | cooler? I think it's important to put things in context
           | because it's not some monotonically increasing function even
           | if there is a local trend. I'm pro doing what we can to
           | correct our impact on the environment; I'm even pro going
           | beyond and attempting to control for other non-human
           | externalities. My point is actually that nature doesn't care,
           | but I think we should. Although, even if we try our hardest,
           | we still might not like the outcome.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | Look at all the comments under your original comment.
             | 
             | Their point is very valid. Geologic scales are extremely
             | long and the planet does not care.
             | 
             | Humans, on the other hand would physically not be able to
             | survive in most climates going back 100 million years or
             | more. Too little or too much oxygen. Temperatures too high
             | or too low, etc.
             | 
             | We cannot compare this event, which is much, much, much
             | faster than any natural warming, to natural warming events.
             | Those generally take tens to hundreds of thousands of years
             | to shift as much as we're moving things in under 200 years.
             | 
             | Hundreds of thousands of years ago we were basically apes
             | living in caves that could barely speak.
        
               | lunias wrote:
               | I never said their (or your) points weren't valid. In
               | fact, I think they are quite self-evident and well known.
               | People are assuming in bad faith that I'm unaware of
               | these facts or that I sought to mislead with my original
               | comment.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | It's a common fossil fuel industry talking point, which hopes
           | that the listener doesn't realize that the climate changes in
           | the past which weren't deadly happened on much slower time
           | scales. We have a much larger human population now so if
           | you're saying "nature will survive" you're also saying that
           | you're okay with millions of people dying or becoming
           | refugees.
        
         | tencentshill wrote:
         | Milankovitch cycles? What time frame? Did humans live in the
         | same areas during that time? At -4C cooler new york city was
         | under 2000 feet of ice. +4C would be devastating for most of
         | humanity.
        
       | madman2890 wrote:
       | We need the government to release the alien technology to the
       | public now.
        
       | chinathrow wrote:
       | Companies are setting up constantly running gas turbines for
       | powering AI datacenters - insanity.
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | I think it is already pretty clear to everyone, save a few
       | scientistis who keep on preaching "we can prevent this!!!" that
       | global warming will continue. I am all for being more energy
       | efficient and what not, but the reality of the situation is that
       | there are factors that are orthogonal to this - as well as a few
       | states that sabotage everyone else. The USA in particular; the US
       | government is by far the biggest troublemaker here. China and
       | India are also troublemakers because they are so huge, although
       | to be fair, China also invested a lot into green energy.
       | 
       | We need to adjust strategies here. The "zero emission" strategy
       | failed; it is not practical. Politicians love them because they
       | are in the media, but everyone sees that this strategy is not
       | working. Same with carbon tax - it drove prices up but didn't
       | really help much at all otherwise. We need to stop pursuing
       | strategies that do not work here.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > We need to stop pursuing strategies that do not work here.
         | 
         | We tried top down. Didn't work.
         | 
         | We tried bottom up. Didn't work.
        
           | vorticalbox wrote:
           | i think the only real strategy is that people take a hit to
           | their standard of living but i don't think anyone will sign
           | up for that.
        
             | yoyohello13 wrote:
             | They don't need to sign up for it. It will happen
             | regardless.
        
               | ares623 wrote:
               | They'll just continue blaming immigrants.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | The immigrants who fled from the natural disasters in
               | their country of origin caused by climate change.
        
             | 00N8 wrote:
             | It would be a lot easier if the global population
             | stabilized at around 1 billion. It's conceivable we could
             | get down to that by bringing 3rd world areas up to 1st
             | world standards in terms of women's rights, access to birth
             | control, education, standard of living, etc., since
             | developed nations have had declining birth rates for quite
             | a while. But it's not a cheap or popular idea & would take
             | several generations anyway.
        
           | rcMgD2BwE72F wrote:
           | What did we even try? We did talk a lot though.
        
       | a456463 wrote:
       | And yet yesterday people were gushing about more toxic waste from
       | Apple!
        
       | r2ob wrote:
       | El Nino, volcanism, and solar variation.
       | 
       | it's not about us guys, relax.
        
         | Dumblydorr wrote:
         | I'm not sure if this comment was low effort or sarcasm but it
         | certainly doesn't further discussion per HN guidelines.
         | 
         | Those are factors in this analysis that weren't in all prior
         | analyses, and the confidence levels in this analysis have
         | improved greatly and we know much more certainly that global
         | temps are rising faster now than earlier decades.
        
         | tomgp wrote:
         | Interstingly a paper was published today which confirms
         | accelerated warming whislt accounting for the effects of
         | natural fluctations (el nino, volcanism and solar radiation
         | etc)
         | https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2025...
         | 
         | >We remove the estimated influence of three main natural
         | variability factors: El Nino, volcanism, and solar variation.
         | The resulting adjusted and thus less "noisy" data show that
         | there has been acceleration with over 98% confidence, with
         | faster warming over the last 10+ years than during any previous
         | decade.
        
         | knowaveragejoe wrote:
         | Any excuse to pretend we aren't contributing.
        
       | jjtheblunt wrote:
       | curiosity rabbit hole spawned from the article, which got me
       | wondering if the earth axis precession over ~26k years influences
       | ice ages and those cycles:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles
        
       | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
       | The paper doesn't seem to account for the reduction in sulfur
       | emissions from ships, which was widely reported to be the cause
       | for some of the recent warming?
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | The worst thing you can do when you're actively geoengineering
         | is to abruptly stop doing it. So naturally we found a way we
         | were already doing it and cut it immediately to make sure we
         | fuck ourselves as much as possible :)
         | 
         | I'm almost convinced it's intentional at this point, the rich
         | are busy building their offbrand vault tec bunkers and starting
         | random wars for no real reason. Longtermism nonsense over the
         | today.
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | Airborne sulfur comes with its own negative environmental
           | consequences, though.
        
       | dismalaf wrote:
       | Let's be real, this won't be solved by reducing consumption, only
       | carbon capture technology (likely well into the future).
       | 
       | It's in no nation's interest, from a game theory perspective, to
       | stunt their own growth to reduce emissions. If the US stops,
       | Russia and China will destroy the west. If China stops, they'll
       | never catch up technologically. Ditto for India. Smaller nations
       | have even less incentive (they'll easily be conquered by
       | neighbours), except for the ones surrounded entirely by friendly
       | nations...
        
       | Invictus0 wrote:
       | absolutely nothing can be done about this
        
       | gedy wrote:
       | All those RTO commuters /s
        
       | honkycat wrote:
       | we have had several manhattan project in the last 100 years, but
       | they have all been for stuff like:
       | 
       | - creating a new addictive form of entertainment we can use to
       | brainwash people
       | 
       | - Creating expensive data centers that MAY end up being extremely
       | useful in the long run
       | 
       | and never for saving the lives of the people on our planet.
       | 
       | Humanity is doomed. We deserve it.
        
       | nancyminusone wrote:
       | Don't kid yourself - we closed this one with "Won't Fix" a while
       | ago.
       | 
       | "But what about <technology/option>?"
       | 
       | No. Full stop. We're not going to do it, and we're not even going
       | to apologize for it either.
       | 
       | All we can do now is prepare, not that I've seen a lot on this
       | front either.
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | We'll fix it if it become cost effective. It might, but
         | probably won't because if the scale.
        
           | nielsbot wrote:
           | we're going to chose the most convenient path. if climate
           | disaster becomes inconvenient, we'll attempt to do something
           | about it.
           | 
           | it will be a disaster.
        
             | casey2 wrote:
             | Nothing can be done about it. If you leave it up to the
             | market it will spiral away forever since the cost of
             | dealing with the problem always increases both due to the
             | size of the problem growing and the cost to insure
             | solutions compounding.
             | 
             | The "obstructionist" greens understand that the system is
             | flawed and needs a structural change. We don't live in
             | capitalist fairyland, there are baseline energy costs that
             | can't be inflated away and our ability to work on the
             | problem degrades after every disaster.
        
         | ares623 wrote:
         | Just need a map for all the bunkers. It's gonna be the future
         | version of open-world video games.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Worse, even if we're going to do it, the next idiot in power is
         | going to roll it back and declare to big fanfare and applause
         | that coal is back.
         | 
         | You can't change the world with plans that last no longer than
         | a presidential term.
        
           | apublicfrog wrote:
           | Thankfully most of the world ignores America and does their
           | own thing.
        
             | BLKNSLVR wrote:
             | There are plenty of people who find it convenient to listen
             | to the current administration, and these people vote. I
             | just hope they remain in a minority in my country. It's
             | always a close run race though...
             | 
             | And a 'more conservative than conservative' party is
             | getting increased media attention here at the moment, which
             | could do serious damage.
        
       | htx80nerd wrote:
       | let me guess we only have 10 more years, again?
        
       | kai_mac wrote:
       | capitalism is going just great
        
       | karol wrote:
       | It's gonna be great, when it's warmer.
        
       | bigattichouse wrote:
       | I'm hoping the current oil-war will cause people to re-assess
       | fossil fuel use as expense becomes untenable and we start
       | choosing electric vehicles and renewables.. which will just
       | become "normal" and oil can stick around for synthetic chemistry
       | routes.
        
         | thinkcontext wrote:
         | Agreed, it's a big sovereignty issue. Once a solar panel is
         | installed it keeps working for 20+ years. It doesn't get cut
         | off if there's a political problem that interrupts supply.
        
       | 0ckpuppet wrote:
       | Until they ban private jets, why take this seriously?
        
       | PowerElectronix wrote:
       | And yet the minimum extension of artic ice ever recorded was in
       | 2014.
       | 
       | I think there are more effects to account for when extrapolating
       | measured temperatures, mostly made on the ground with cataclismic
       | effects. After all, all the carbon being emitted nowadays was in
       | the biosphere back in the days. Why couldn't it return back to it
       | without the earth becoming inhabitable?
        
         | _aavaa_ wrote:
         | The argument isn't that the whole earth becomes inhospitable.
         | But that certain regions do, and the rest will have their
         | climate differ drastically.
         | 
         | If you live on the coast and the water level rises, your home
         | is inhospitable, even if someone 100mi inland is fine.
         | 
         | If you live in a region that usually was 90F in the summer and
         | is now >110F regularly, that's going to cause problem.
        
           | alexk307 wrote:
           | There isn't enough fossil fuels in the ground for us to burn
           | to cause a 20F+ increase in annual summer temperatures
           | globally...
        
             | wewtyflakes wrote:
             | Their argument is not predicated on a 20F+ temp rise
             | globally; their argument is about regions.
        
               | alexk307 wrote:
               | Most of the increase in local temperatures are overnight
               | lows in the Winter. I'm not sure there's any peer-
               | reviewed mechanism to suggest that daytime Summer highs
               | will increase 20F+ due to greenhouse gases in any parts
               | of the world.
        
               | wewtyflakes wrote:
               | So your argument that this statement by them: "If you
               | live in a region that usually was 90F in the summer and
               | is now >110F regularly, that's going to cause problem."
               | is hyperbole, then? Okay, going with that, what
               | temperature range would you find credible, as to describe
               | a region that is seeing wilder swings in summer highs?
        
               | alexk307 wrote:
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/summer-temperature-
               | anomal...
               | 
               | Somewhere on the order of 1-2C if you start from the
               | 1850s.
        
       | dcchambers wrote:
       | There's literally nothing that can be done about it. The people
       | with actual ability to make a change don't care.
       | 
       | We're going to have to figure out how to adapt to it. Expect many
       | of the things you love now (seafood, coffee, etc) to be gone
       | within your lifetime.
        
         | n8cpdx wrote:
         | There were voters who could do part of it. Long term, having a
         | US President that doesn't cancel wind projects, tear up EV
         | subsidies, and promote coal would probably be a difference
         | maker for US emissions.
         | 
         | And if the voters were just a bit smarter and not bought into
         | the "China bad" narrative, we might even get proper, nice,
         | affordable EVs in the US.
        
           | tencentshill wrote:
           | Trump is still all bluster and words. He can't change the
           | math. I've convinced 2 people to get EVs over ICE this year.
           | They still make economic sense even without federal subsidies
           | (dependent on your home/work situation). Though I don't deny
           | that most OEMs are likely selling at a loss now. It's foolish
           | how foreign wars directly affect how much it costs you to get
           | to work.
        
       | tantaman wrote:
       | How are people handling this... mentally? and preparedness wise?
       | I can't imagine what the next generation may have to live
       | through.
        
         | casey2 wrote:
         | Most serious people realized decades ago that you just build a
         | bunch of nuclear powered DAC and require oil companies
         | sequester it. What occurred for last 30 years was a bunch of
         | nonsense political BS and signaling that annoys effective
         | people but they largely ignore.
        
       | mbgerring wrote:
       | The only extant "X-risk" is, and always has been, climate change.
       | "AGI" is science fiction, and actually-existing AI is making
       | climate change harder to deal with, by increasing electricity
       | demand on our fossil-fuel-powered grid with no attendant increase
       | in clean generation.
       | 
       | Serious engineers need to stop whatever they're doing and work on
       | this problem.
       | 
       | Also, if you're hiring: I'm an expert on the U.S. regulated
       | utility industry, demand management, and solar & battery system
       | design, fabrication and deployment.
        
         | patwater10 wrote:
         | AI is also a useful tool that offers a lot of potential to
         | untangle the permitting thickets that make it difficult to
         | build the infrastructure necessary for the energy transition...
        
         | chneu wrote:
         | Really AI is a drop in the bucket compared to other things.
         | Beef and dairy take up an incredible amount of water, land, and
         | energy but we don't complain about that.
         | 
         | AI could lead to massive savings and improvements in terms of
         | emissions and climate change. AI could possibly help us out of
         | this.
         | 
         | Beef and dairy have no chance of helping us. They'll kill us
         | and the beef nuts will say how they saved 4% of emissions by
         | moving some cows around. Problem solved.
        
           | tdb7893 wrote:
           | I remember a couple years ago my family was worried about the
           | Amazon burning and I was like "well, you could eat less beef
           | as that's driving a lot of that in Brazil". Turns out they
           | didn't care _that_ much. With how generally hippie my family
           | is it really made me realize how absolutely screwed we are
           | ecologically.
           | 
           | There's a reason bird populations are down 30% in my parents'
           | lifetimes (https://www.audubon.org/press-room/us-bird-
           | populations-conti...) and I don't think my generation is
           | going to do much better.
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | The only extant "X-risk" is, and always has been, economic
         | collapse due to loss of energy. "Climate Change" is science
         | fiction.
         | 
         | /s
         | 
         | It amazes me climate change X-riskers scoff at denialists and
         | then do the exact same denialism with AGI. How many leading AI
         | scientists (like climate science) would it take to convince
         | you?
         | 
         | "Our great religion, their primitive superstition"[0]
         | 
         | [0] https://imgur.com/EELDM6m
        
           | mbgerring wrote:
           | "AGI" was literally made up by a Harry Potter fan fiction
           | community
        
         | doubleg wrote:
         | To work on this problem check out https://workonclimate.org/
         | Founded by two ex-Google employees.
         | 
         | From their About: "Work on Climate quickly built the world's
         | largest and most successful community of its sort - with tens
         | of thousands of members around the globe, thousands of whom
         | have found climate jobs and started companies".
         | 
         | Not affiliated but I ran into this initiative recently.
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | I'm not sure about AGI as in human level intelligence being
         | sci-fi. We seem rather close. I've never been much of a doomer
         | though re AI X-risk.
        
       | shashurup wrote:
       | To be honest, looking at Paleogene climate reconstruction I
       | believe it was the best time in earth history. The way things go
       | shows us that all attempts to resist burning fossils are quite
       | futile. It takes some kind of catastrophe to change people
       | habits. The level of coordination required to achive the goal of
       | lowering emissions looks unachievable to humanity. We have enough
       | time to adapt, adaptation is more reasonable and pragmatic
       | approach.
        
         | adrian_b wrote:
         | During the Paleogene, the terrestrial plants and animals were
         | very different from those of today.
         | 
         | Now on all continents and islands most of the big animals and
         | plants are humans, domestic animals and cultivated plants. The
         | wild animals and plants, even if they are much more varied,
         | with many thousands times more species than the domestic ones,
         | are much smaller in quantities, with only a few kinds that are
         | non-negligible, e.g. ants, termites, rodents.
         | 
         | So if we will return in a short time to the Paleogene climate,
         | the main question is how this will affect the few dominant
         | animal species, like chicken, humans, pigs, sheep, cattle, dogs
         | and the main cultivated plants, all of which are not adapted to
         | a Paleogene climate and which will not be able to adapt in such
         | a short time.
         | 
         | It is likely that places like Canada, Alaska, Greenland,
         | Siberia, Antarctica might become nicer places where to live and
         | practice agriculture, but the few people who live now there
         | would not welcome invaders coming from places that are no
         | longer habitable.
        
           | shashurup wrote:
           | I don't see that everything except Canada, Alaska, Greenland,
           | Siberia and Antarctica was inhabitable. For instance in
           | Eocene the climate remained fairly warm and homogeneous (the
           | most uniform in the Cenozoic).
           | 
           | From the equator to the poles, forests grew. Fossilized
           | remains of cypress and sequoia have been found on the Arctic
           | Ellesmere Island, and palms -- in Alaska and northern Europe.
           | 
           | Equatorial and tropical forests (with palms, fig trees, and
           | sandalwood trees) persisted in Africa, South America, India,
           | and Australia.
           | 
           | Eucalypts, sequoias spread widely, and new types of broad-
           | leaved trees appeared.
           | 
           | By the end of the Eocene, rainforests were preserved only in
           | the equatorial parts of South America, Africa, India, and
           | Australia -- due to the onset of cooling.
        
       | oxqbldpxo wrote:
       | For a 1000 points: For the turkey, what is Thanksgiving? What is
       | a Black swan?
        
       | shrubby wrote:
       | We could chop of a quarter of total emissions (directly +
       | rewilding effect) by ending factory animal production and
       | swapping to plant based.
       | 
       | Another quarter from the top 5 percent emissions that have
       | practically nothing to do with the wellbeing, but only social
       | comparison mechanisms (envy, herd mentality).
       | 
       | But for that humanity would need leaders that are not either
       | idiots, corrupt or spineless and toothless.
       | 
       | But hey, I guess that's too much to ask, after all we're talking
       | about unconscious reactive species that's only rumored to have
       | brains or morals.
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | I can barely get some people to do a week off eating red meat,
         | imagine going cold turkey completely. If people haven't
         | revolted about other stuff they definitely will for saving
         | their meat consumption.
        
       | ben5 wrote:
       | I think we're well past the point of no return. In my part of the
       | world, this year's weather has been ---- weird. Global warming
       | doesn't mean warming per se - but it does mean unpredictability.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | This is true, but sometimes I wonder if it is the biggest
       | problem. Fortunately, the local environmental organizations
       | explained to me that while it is a big problem it is much more
       | important that we oppose infill housing and embrace sprawl
       | because the former causes shadows to fall on parks used by
       | underserved minorities.
       | 
       | Another thing I have wondered is whether it is ethical to oppose
       | solar power because I don't like how it looks. Again here the
       | environmentalists have an answer. Yes it is.
       | 
       | Recently I was wondering about geothermal power as well, but I
       | learned that the good people of black rock city believe that we
       | should leave no trace and a geothermal plant would leave a trace
       | so it's far preferable to drive a large number of ICE vehicles to
       | the desert.
       | 
       | In general, I think that we probably exaggerate climate change a
       | lot. It's not a big deal, at least when compared to things like
       | sunshine for a park for underserved minorities.
        
       | Qiu_Zhanxuan wrote:
       | This is All on the US
        
         | kristopolous wrote:
         | American here, you're correct.
        
         | timmg wrote:
         | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-co2-emissions-per-...
        
       | WindyTree wrote:
       | I've heard hints of this same thing, the rates are described as
       | quadratic, not linear. The feedback mechanisms I do not know, but
       | it's something related to a high degree of released ocean warming
       | that was stored.
        
       | beastman82 wrote:
       | the good news is that nuclear power is coming soon
        
       | vogu66 wrote:
       | The article has comments on pubpeer (below) and comments on the
       | pre-print page.
       | https://pubpeer.com/publications/973ABFB81F504E8CB1B50E941CF...
       | 
       | The gist of several comments is that the paper does not actually
       | demonstrate an accelerated global warming, but instead an
       | acceleration of anthropogenic global warming, when removing the
       | influence of several natural factors. To be clear, they are not
       | discussing the fact that there is global warming, just saying
       | that currently, we cannot say that global warming has been
       | getting faster after 2010 with statistical certainty.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | Basically this is the slowest train wreck in history that just
       | won't be stopped. By 2050 (only 24 years away), these cities are
       | projected to flood more than 1/3 of the days of every year:
       | Galveston, Texas       Morgan's Point, Texas       Annapolis,
       | Maryland       Norfolk, Virginia       Rockport, Texas       Bay
       | St. Louis, Mississippi
       | 
       | Big cities close behind the above:                 Miami and
       | Miami Beach, Florida       Charleston, South Carolina
       | Atlantic City, New Jersey
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | Can we hope that the Strait of Hormuz remains essentially blocked
       | to oil exports for an extended amount of time...?
        
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