[HN Gopher] Libre Solar - Open Hardware for Renewable Energy
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       Libre Solar - Open Hardware for Renewable Energy
        
       Author : evolve2k
       Score  : 185 points
       Date   : 2026-03-01 09:01 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (libre.solar)
 (TXT) w3m dump (libre.solar)
        
       | westurner wrote:
       | Why ZephyrOS?
       | 
       | ZephyrOS: https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr
       | 
       | Would there be value in modeling this system with TLA+?
       | 
       | Why build another open product?
       | 
       | There are a few GitHub topics for solar electricity:
       | 
       | solar: https://github.com/topics/solar
       | 
       | photovoltaic: https://github.com/topics/photovoltaic
       | 
       | pv: https://github.com/topics/pv
       | 
       | battery-management: https://github.com/topics/battery-management
       | 
       | ups-management: https://github.com/topics/ups-management
       | 
       | inverter: https://github.com/topics/inverter
       | 
       | Photovoltaic system:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | > Why ZephyrOS?
         | 
         | They say right here: https://libre.solar/software/
        
       | danw1979 wrote:
       | > Unless stated otherwise, none of the published devices has
       | passed regulatory certification, so use them at your own risk and
       | responsibility
       | 
       | This somewhat limits the usefulness of the hardware anywhere you
       | need to be insured, e.g. your house, boat or van.
        
         | fred_is_fred wrote:
         | How hard is it to get stuff certified by UL? I would assume
         | expensive and time consuming but don't really know.
        
           | aeblyve wrote:
           | I don't know much about UL but I can say that FCC
           | certification (also technically required) for electronics can
           | range from about $3k to something like $30k depending on what
           | you're doing.
           | 
           | ($3k would be for "unintentional radiator" device, i.e., not
           | supposed to be a radio, $30k would be for "intentional
           | radiator" device, i.e., supposed to be a radio)
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | Because of customs product import rules, that FCC stamp is
             | often not optional. Now if it was a dodgy seller, the stamp
             | will not match the physical devices on rare occasion. =3
        
             | cheema33 wrote:
             | FCC ensures a product doesn't cause radio interference,
             | while UL ensures the product is safe to use and won't cause
             | fires or electric shocks. For DIY, your primary concern is
             | UL certification.
        
           | Joel_Mckay wrote:
           | In general, almost all insurance companies will demand UL
           | stamped hardware, and most mortgage/lease/commercial property
           | requires insurance.
           | 
           | A hobby BMS is usually a bad idea, as most kits from unknown
           | origins prioritized cost over safety. Depending where you
           | live, prior to roof installation there may be additional
           | zoning and signed engineering drawing requirements.
           | 
           | It is not hard to find UL equipment, but expect to pay about
           | another $600 for the BMS. Yet, it is better than a house
           | burning down, and the insurance provider denying coverage.
           | 
           | Have a look at local certified installer companies, and make
           | sure to get some real references in your town. Just like most
           | HVAC companies... some installers are just over priced scams.
           | Some folks claim https://www.pegasussolar.com/ was
           | inexpensive, and might be worth a call. Best regards =3
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | It doesn't have to be a certified install company in many
             | places, it just needs to be inspected which most states
             | will do for homeowners. (if your area is different contact
             | your representative)
             | 
             | UL or other certification is a very good idea. They can't
             | automatically deny coverage for lack of certification, but
             | it becomes a much harder fight for you to prove the non-
             | certified equipment wasn't at fault.
        
           | pocksuppet wrote:
           | I think expensive and time consuming, but not necessarily
           | difficult, if the product is already safe.
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | This is for DIYers and enthusiasts, not someone looking for an
         | off-the-shelf box.
         | 
         | (Also, Amazon is where most people get their solar equipment
         | these days and you would be amazed how much of it is not UL
         | certified either.)
        
           | ktm5j wrote:
           | DIYers and enthusiasts should still worry about their house
           | burning down because one of these boards started a fire. An
           | insurance company would investigate and find any excuse they
           | can to deny payment.
        
             | Dan_- wrote:
             | Should is doing a lot of work there. The reality is most
             | don't. These are people who don't understand minimum
             | conductor size trying to DIY a solar system.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | Insurance covers the insured's own gross negligence. This
             | is a trope up there with believing the "warranty void if
             | removed" stickers.
             | 
             | The real reason this should give you pause is that you
             | don't want your house to burn down regardless of an
             | insurance payout. _That_ is how your incentives remain
             | aligned with the insurance company.
        
         | martinjaeger wrote:
         | That's basically what most software Open Sorce projects state
         | in their licenses as well: Use at your own risk. As someone who
         | publishes design files openly you really don't want to be
         | liable if someone uses the hardware in a wrong way.
         | 
         | That being said, the Libre Solar components are also meant to
         | be used as the basis for customization (hence, called building
         | blocks). Some of the devices are used with minor modifications
         | in certified commercial products.
         | 
         | Apart from boats/caravans, DC systems are used a lot for rural
         | electrification in the global south. This is also where the
         | communication features of Zephyr RTOS are very important.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | > This somewhat limits the usefulness of the hardware anywhere
         | you need to be insured, e.g. your house, boat or van.
         | 
         | Same goes for all the random Chinese inverters people are
         | buying and installing in their Homes, Boats and Vans. Doesn't
         | seem to stop them.
        
           | throawayonthe wrote:
           | those are usually certified?
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | Definitely not UL (if we're talking about the $300
             | inverters on Amazon or AliExpress from companies like
             | Anenji)
        
             | stephen_g wrote:
             | The cheap stuff usually have the certification labels
             | printed on them, but a cursory look inside usually shows
             | breaches if you know what to look for (like we have had
             | stuff from China where the ground wire wasn't connected to
             | anything, but even if that's right there are things like
             | just not having enough clearance between mains and isolated
             | DC in power supplies etc.). So they are definitely not
             | actually certified, they just slap the labels on anyway.
             | 
             | Of course, there is a rising group of actually really high-
             | quality native brands starting to come out of China - Anker
             | were an early one of these, Xiaomi is a massive one, UGreen
             | is really popular on Amazon etc. These kind of brands
             | actually will be properly certified and are scary good for
             | how cheap they are. So it's changing a lot.
        
         | mcbishop wrote:
         | Not that this is accepted by insurers or AHJs ("authorities
         | having jurisdiction"), but one can use UL-certified components
         | in an (open-source) _assembly_ that itself isn't UL certified.
         | This at least supports the argument that the overall product is
         | safe if thoughtfully designed and assembled. An example is the
         | OpenEVSE level-2 car charger (which I had a really good
         | experience with).
        
         | stephen_g wrote:
         | If you're not selling them then there isn't really any
         | certification requirements until you start to get into the
         | mains voltages. This all seems to be 12/24V DC stuff on the
         | battery side and 60V DC on the solar side which comes under
         | 'extra-low voltage' in basically every jurisdiction which is
         | usually not really regulated because it's difficult to shock
         | someone.
         | 
         | The battery stuff is more risky (bringing lithium cells into
         | the picture) but I don't think anyone should be worried by the
         | MPPTs.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | This is a very nice development, but it is tackling the easy
       | stuff. I'd love to see an open source inverter that can operate
       | in stand-alone mode or in grid connected mode. All of these grid
       | connected devices with closed source are a massive risk,
       | especially given how small and cheap a WiFi or cell modem is
       | nowadays.
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | Deye/Solark famously bricked a bunch of inverters remotely not
         | long back
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | I opened up all inverters here and disabled all remote access
           | hardware physically. I'd rather not have a warranty than the
           | risk of either seeing my critical hardware hacked or bricked
           | by the manufacturer. And given the size of these (one is a
           | 17KW unit) the risk of real damage to my home circuits and/or
           | the feed is not imaginary, just rapidly turning it off and
           | back on would already be a big problem, especially on a
           | really sunny day. I try everything I can to not trip the
           | breakers on the inverter around solar noon on sunny days
           | because the amount of current is non-trivial, even on a 960V
           | system. It will generate an absolutely spectacular arc.
        
             | organsnyder wrote:
             | My SolArk inverter came with a wifi dongle that uses Modbus
             | over RS232 to interface with the inverter. I removed the
             | dongle and connected a Pi to provide a Modbus-over-TCP
             | interface that I can use from Home Assistant. I got more
             | control (the officially-supported Modbus interface is read-
             | only), and SolArk no longer has any access to my equipment.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's a nice trick. I should try that.
        
         | f_devd wrote:
         | A UPS-style grid connected inverter (with phase balancing)
         | would be significantly more complicated by also significantly
         | more useful. More in the critical/specialized part category,
         | rather than near-commodity (like MPPT/BMS)
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | They are pretty clearly targeting DIYers and enthusiasts who
         | like tinkering with off-grid solar.
         | 
         | Grid-connected is an entirely different ball game. You will not
         | see any open source projects there, or at least not any that
         | anyone will want to use.
         | 
         | Let's think about why not. Anything grid-connected, you REALLY
         | want a licensed electrician to plan and install. And competent
         | electricians will NOT go anywhere near a piece of equipment
         | that is not UL certified. A company producing equipment is NOT
         | going to go through the expense of getting UL certified and
         | then just release their design, PCB, and schematics for free.
         | 
         | And I want to be clear that I am a strong proponent of open
         | source hardware, there are just certain situations where the
         | incentives in reality just don't line up. This is one of them.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Bollocks. I've been making grid connected hardware for
           | decades, there is nothing magical about any of that. You just
           | need to be careful, use proper fusing and you need to know
           | how to read the electrical code.
           | 
           | Competent electricians are licensed professionals who (1)
           | stand to make money on selling gear and (2) have customers
           | that hire them simply because they don't want the hassle or
           | the liability. Obviously a licensed professional is not going
           | to install your home brew inverter, but at the same time if
           | you can design a homebrew inverter you probably don't need a
           | licensed professional anyway.
           | 
           | I've rewired lots of homes and have never had an issue with
           | any of this and designed my first inverter when I was 17 to
           | power my room when my betters decided I should go to sleep
           | and cut the power.
           | 
           | This stuff is not magic. If someone designs a modern open
           | source inverter I'm definitely going to build and install it.
           | Fortunately insurance companies here are reasonable: if your
           | homebrew device wasn't the cause of the mishap then you are
           | still insured.
           | 
           | The one thing they are very strict about is gas, because
           | there is no such thing as a 'fuse for gas'. But if you've
           | properly designed and fused your gear then it should be no
           | less safe than any other grid connected device, even if the
           | magic UL or TUV mark isn't there.
           | 
           | The big one is EMI, that can be hard to get right and you
           | need some gear for this, which is why it pays off to pool the
           | money for an open source design to be certified. And once
           | certified of course the design is 'type approved' and frozen,
           | so you can't change any of the hardware without going through
           | recertification. This is expensive, but if you don't do it
           | every other week should still be well within the means of a
           | properly set up open source project.
           | 
           | Why the fearmongering? It's not as if we're 12 here.
        
             | hn_acc1 wrote:
             | >Bollocks. I've been making grid connected hardware for
             | decades, there is nothing magical about any of that. You
             | just need to be careful, use proper fusing and you need to
             | know how to read the electrical code.
             | 
             | I would say that rules out about 80-95% of DYI users.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | This is 'hackernews', not 'consumersRus'. Though on odd
               | days you might think differently.
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | And even days. And twice on Sundays.
        
             | mcbishop wrote:
             | > Why the fearmongering?
             | 
             | The main concern is exporting to a downed grid that line-
             | workers are trying to restore.
        
           | repparw wrote:
           | Could the inverse process work? Design, then (crowdsource?)
           | pay for UL certs? Don't know the process for certification,
           | but in the software side, I've heard from foss projects
           | asking for money for, e.g, security audits
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Theoretically, yes. But in practice you need to bake
             | certification requirements into the design or it will never
             | pass.
        
           | hamdingers wrote:
           | > Anything grid-connected, you REALLY want a licensed
           | electrician to plan and install.
           | 
           | Have you heard of balcony solar?
           | 
           | It's a solar panel, a microinverter, and a standard wall
           | plug. It doesn't need an electrician to install any more than
           | anything else, you just plug it in. Outlets work both ways.
           | 
           | LibreSolar doesn't seem to be working on any inverters, but a
           | complete open source system like this would be great.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balcony_solar_power
        
             | bityard wrote:
             | If that wikipedia article is right, then balcony solar is
             | not legal where I live (in the US). Here, we require a
             | hard-wired, permanently installed automatic transfer switch
             | that disconnects the solar generation from the grid when
             | the mains power goes out. This is to protect line workers
             | when working on downed lines.
        
               | hamdingers wrote:
               | It's probably coming soon for you, 30 states have bills
               | announced or introduced legalizing plug-in solar and one
               | (Utah) has already passed. They should be fairly
               | uncontroversial.
               | 
               | Also, there's no need for a transfer switch in any grid-
               | tied system, whether plug-in or hard-wired. Grid-tied
               | inverters shut off automatically if there's no grid
               | frequency to sync to.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Glad to hear it - but cost of renewable energy isn't the software
       | or hardware locked behind vendors. Its installers, wholesalers
       | and permitting. Pricing is set to about where homeowners will be
       | willing to pay and installers will make a good profit. If only it
       | was a 5 year payback - we'd see it everywhere in NA.
        
         | progbits wrote:
         | Not sure cost saving is the priority.
         | 
         | I got solar installed by the local power company and while it's
         | well done and was a great deal regarding the price, the
         | inverter stats are locked behind a really terrible app. At
         | least there isn't a subscription cost but I wouldn't be
         | surprised if they add one someday.
         | 
         | Would gladly pay more for fully open and serviceable
         | replacement.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | The stats are the least of your problem, the bigger ones are
           | remote updates, planned obsolescence, hacking and bricking.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | I get that - but also solar should be cheap. If we lower the
           | cost of power we knock off a lot of the bad externalities of
           | power production and allow people to be more inventive with
           | their power use.
           | 
           | Agreed - a lot of the inverters do some real BS moves around
           | data management clearly a way to extract more value in a
           | subscription mode. Its mind numbingly frustrating.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Price isn't determined by the cost of supply but by the
             | value provided to the buyer.
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | Yes, and?
         | 
         | This project isn't being marketd to people who call up a
         | company to white-glove the whole-home installation end-to-end.
         | This is for DIYers who have enough knowledge to tinker with
         | self-designed solar projects but not the EE degree required to
         | engineer some of the more specialized equipment themselves.
         | 
         | I'll give a good example: I use solar to power a ham radio
         | station for a weekend in the summer. However, nearly ALL of the
         | equipment you can buy for the production and storage of solar
         | power emits some degree of radio-frequency interference, which
         | is bad when your whole goal is to power a very sensitive radio.
         | 
         | When it comes to charge controllers in particular, there are
         | exactly two companies that claim to make RFI-quiet MPPT
         | controllers. One has mixed reviews (some people say they work
         | great, some say they are not any better than anything else),
         | and one is very good but also very expensive for what you get.
         | So, more open design and community feedback from people like me
         | might get the cost of a reliable RFI-free charge controller
         | down to where it should be.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That's especially nasty when you're doing LF or VLF because
           | the frequencies of the switches in those things are right in
           | the middle of the bands that you are trying to receive.
        
       | guerby wrote:
       | Open source open hardware microinverter incoming (with
       | certification for EU grid):
       | 
       | https://fosdem.org/2026/schedule/event/7Q9HMF-open-solar-pow...
       | 
       | 2025 for archive:
       | 
       | https://archive.fosdem.org/2025/schedule/event/fosdem-2025-6...
        
         | f_devd wrote:
         | Always a bit jarring to see a devboard stacked on an otherwise
         | neat board. Looks promising though.
        
           | viernullvier wrote:
           | I've seen commercial products that use socketed devboards
           | inside. If anything, it's just an indication that the
           | hobbyist and professional spaces are slowly converging.
        
       | lentil_soup wrote:
       | A meta comment and really don't want to distract from the product
       | but as a Spanish speaker, the word "libre" for open source
       | projects really grids my gears. It's specially bad when used with
       | "libre" before the subject (like LibreOffice or Libre Solar). It
       | sounds a bit like Brad Pitt saying "bonjourno" in Inglourious
       | Basterds.
       | 
       | Libre does mean free as in freedom, but it also means available
       | and released from prison.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | It's from French, not from Spanish, and besides, everybody
         | knows what the intentions are here so I don't think you need to
         | feel offended in any way, that's your choice.
        
           | lentil_soup wrote:
           | chill, I'm not offended, just thought it was worth mentioning
           | it sounds bad to native speakers. Wouldn't you mention it if
           | someone was misusing a Dutch word?
           | 
           | Also, it comes from French and Spanish
           | [https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html], it's the
           | same word and same grammar, subject before adjective.
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | I'm fine with people using ,,gratis" to differentiate libre
             | software from software that doesn't cost anything and I'm
             | German.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | > Wouldn't you mention it if someone was misusing a Dutch
             | word?
             | 
             | Not a chance. Language is a tool, not some kind of holy
             | house. If the meaning comes across that's already more than
             | you could hope for.
             | 
             | The whole idea that language is something to be condensed
             | and frozen is relatively new, it used to be much more fluid
             | which made it harder to have a decisive set of words
             | (sorry, Scrabblers (tm)) but language could adapt faster to
             | circumstances. What we consider the 'final form' of all of
             | these languages isn't final at all, it is just what we are
             | used to and more of a convention than anything else.
             | 
             | Some countries (including mine, unfortunately) have groups
             | that will go out of their way to harass people to use the
             | 'correct form' ignoring that what those forms are is
             | subject to change and that not everybody grew up with the
             | currently agreed upon preferential way to spell things, and
             | meaning is so much more complicated than spelling.
             | 
             | I think the easiest way to deal with these kind of
             | frustrations is to see them as compliments: at least
             | someone was aware enough of your language to name something
             | in it, that's more than you could say for many other
             | languages, if only because the scripts are different.
        
         | goodpoint wrote:
         | > Libre does mean free as in freedom, but it also means
         | available and released from prison.
         | 
         | If anything it makes it more apt.
        
       | vanillax wrote:
       | Great use case for solar shed/offgrid/cabin... I think people
       | underestimate how much you can do with a solar shed , batteries,
       | and the sorta reduced risk aspect of a shed catching fire vs a
       | house. That being said its really easy to follow safety
       | precautions. I cant wait to try this out.
        
       | gosub100 wrote:
       | My wishlist:
       | 
       | - dc motor conversions for air conditioners and voltage
       | controllers that can adapt to multiple panel types to drive it.
       | There's a lot to be gained without going all-in an inverter. What
       | if I stayed on grid but heavily offset my heating / cooling bill
       | by having a wall mount unit that was free to run during daylight
       | hours on a completely separate circuit?
       | 
       | - conversion kit to make the wall mount unit a heater in the
       | winter months
       | 
       | - a DC home system for select appliances such as lights,
       | computers, or even refrigerators. This requires more precise
       | voltage regulators because DC is more finicky when you add /
       | remove loads. But you save some losses in efficiency.
       | 
       | - a thermal battery, so my window mount cooler can freeze a solid
       | block of ice all day during the sun, and use it to cool me when I
       | get home. It would be sealed of course. But condensation would
       | still have to be managed. Maybe a hot water tank adapter that
       | uses excess electricity and dumps it in the tank, but not so much
       | to explode. Again, a form of offset, not a replacement for gas.
       | Another thermal battery could be a sewage tank that aborbs heat
       | from the AC unit before it goes down the drain. This would reduce
       | the load of the fan.
       | 
       | - a wind generator that works best in storms. It could dump
       | straight to a heating element and fan indoors. Who wouldn't love
       | free heat during violent storms? Maybe it could have a clutch
       | (mechanical or electric) to tune the load to the wind gusts.
       | 
       | - a solar cooker, maybe with a molten fluid or superheated steam.
       | The latter can go well above 500F so plenty hot enough for
       | cooking. But of course very dangerous so would need a
       | professional device, if it's even possible. But this would allow
       | e.g. restaurants in the summer to offset or replace heating for
       | their kitchens. It pains me to think of how much energy is wasted
       | in a hot desert city to pay for a gas grill and then pay again to
       | pump to he excess heat outside.
        
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       (page generated 2026-03-04 23:00 UTC)