[HN Gopher] AI is making junior devs useless
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI is making junior devs useless
        
       Author : beabetterdev
       Score  : 134 points
       Date   : 2026-03-01 13:49 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (beabetterdev.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (beabetterdev.com)
        
       | slibhb wrote:
       | I think this concern is overblown. AI is an incredible teaching
       | tool. It's probably better for teaching/explaining than for
       | writing code. This will make the next generation of junior devs
       | far more effective than previous generations. Not because they're
       | skipping the fundamentals...because they have a better grasp of
       | the fundamentals due to back-and-forth with infinitely patient AI
       | teachers.
        
         | dangus wrote:
         | I do agree it's a great tool, so much better than trying to
         | hope and pray someone on the internet can help you with "I
         | don't understand this line of code."
         | 
         | However, it's got a lot of downsides too.
        
         | DJBunnies wrote:
         | Not in my experience. They just regurgitate code, and juniors
         | don't know if/why it's good or bad and consequently can't field
         | questions on their PR.
         | 
         | "It's what the LLM said." - Great. Now go learn it and do it
         | again yourself.
        
           | danielbln wrote:
           | I always say "own the output". No need to do it by hand but
           | you better damn well research _why_ the AI chose a solution,
           | and what alternatives there are and why not something else,
           | how it works and so on. Ask the AI, ask a seperate
           | agent/model, Google for it, I don't care, but "I don't know
           | the LLM told me" is not acceptable.
        
           | tpmoney wrote:
           | Unless your company is investing in actually teaching your
           | junior devs, this isn't really all that different than the
           | days when jr devs just copied and pasted something out of
           | stack overflow, or blindly copied entire class files around
           | just to change 1 line in what could otherwise have been a
           | shared method. And if your company is actually investing time
           | and resources into teaching your junior devs, then whether
           | they're copying and pasting from stack overflow, from another
           | file in the project or from AI doesn't really matter.
           | 
           | In my experience it is the very rare junior dev that can
           | learn what's good or bad about a given design on their own.
           | Either they needed to be paired with a sr dev to look at
           | things and explain why they might not want to something a
           | given way, or they needed to wind up having to fix the mess
           | they made when their code breaks something. AI doesn't change
           | that.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | This just means you have bad juniors who aren't interested in
           | learning.
        
           | slibhb wrote:
           | For me, the hardest part of software development was learning
           | incantations. These are not interesting, they're conventions
           | that you have to learn to get stuff to work. AI makes this
           | process easier.
           | 
           | If people use AI to generate code they don't understand, that
           | will bite them. But it's an incredibly tool for explaining
           | code and teaching you boring, rote incantations.
        
         | techpression wrote:
         | Only for people who wants be taught, this argument keeps coming
         | up again and again but people in general doesn't want to learn
         | how to fish, they want the fish on a plate ready to eat, so
         | that they can continue scrolling. I see this a lot in juniors,
         | they are solution seekers, not problem solvers, and AI makes
         | this difference a lot worse.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | A teacher who just gives you the solution isn't a good teacher.
         | 
         | You can use AI as a teacher but how many will do that?
        
           | jatari wrote:
           | Highly motivated people will use whatever tools they have to
           | get better at something, whether they have a textbook, the
           | internet or a LLM to use.
           | 
           | The skill of the very top programmers will continue to
           | increase with the advent of new tools.
        
             | croes wrote:
             | And how many will not? For mist people it's just a job to
             | get money, they will put exactly as much effort in it as is
             | necessary to produce an acceptable result
        
         | veryemartguy wrote:
         | This is the dumbest thought that proliferates this website.
         | 
         | Super great that it's used to pump out tons of code because
         | upper management wants features released even faster than
         | before. I'm sure the junior devs who don't know a for loop from
         | their ass will be able to learn and understand wtf Claude is
         | shitting out
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > AI is an incredible teaching tool. It's probably better for
         | teaching/explaining than for writing code.
         | 
         | It is but how do you teach to people who think their new
         | profession is being a "senior prompt engineer" (with 4 months
         | of experience) and who believe that in 12 months there won't be
         | any programmer left?
        
         | Thanemate wrote:
         | >AI is an incredible teaching tool.
         | 
         | As a junior, my top issue is finding valuable learning material
         | that isn't full of poor or outright wrong information.
         | 
         | In the best and most generous interpretation of your statement,
         | LLM's simply removed my need to search for the information.
         | That doesn't mean it's not of poor quality or outright wrong.
        
           | ndriscoll wrote:
           | I suspect that the quality is ironically correlated with the
           | expertise of the user (i.e. it is knowledgeable if you are
           | knowledgeable), which puts you in a conundrum (I can report
           | that with a couple decades of experience, LLMs are giving me
           | high quality, correct results, but I can already see that it
           | somehow doesn't work as well for some of my less experienced
           | colleagues. A lot of what I've been doing over the last
           | couple months is trying to find how to make it "just work"
           | for them.).
           | 
           | As a general principle, take advantage of the fact that it
           | can easily generate stuff. If you don't know whether
           | something is true, have it prove it. Make a
           | PoC/test/benchmark to demonstrate what it's saying. Have it
           | pull metrics that you have access to. Add more observability.
           | Create feedback loops (or rather, ask it to create feedback
           | loops). They're very good at reasoning given access to the
           | ground truth, so give them more ability to ground themselves.
           | 
           | They also have fantastic knowledge of public things, but no
           | knowledge of your company, so your instructions should mostly
           | be documentation of what's unique to your company. If it can
           | write an instruction on its own (e.g. how to use git or
           | kubernetes), it is a useless instruction; it already knows
           | that. What it doesn't know is e.g. _where_ your git server
           | is. It also doesn 't know what matters to your company: are
           | you a startup trying to find product market fit? Are you an
           | established company that is not allowed to break customer
           | setups? etc. You might even be able to ask it what kinds of
           | questions a senior might ask about how a company/team works
           | when coming into a new job, and then see if you can answer
           | those questions (or find someone who can). In fact, go ask
           | chatgpt:
           | 
           | > What are some questions a senior engineer might ask when
           | coming into a new role to make themselves more effective?
           | 
           | > What are some questions a principle engineer might ask when
           | coming into a new role to make themselves more effective?
           | 
           | > What are some questions an engineering manager might ask
           | when coming into a new role to make themselves more
           | effective?
           | 
           | > What are some questions an engineering director might ask
           | when coming into a new role to make themselves more
           | effective?
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | Here's a tip from an old timer: read the official docs.
           | 
           | I work a lot with juniors, and they all seem to prefer
           | watching video's. But videos in my opinion are a slow way to
           | gain superficial knowledge.
           | 
           | Do it the hard way and read the official docs, it will be
           | your superpower. Go fast over the easy parts, go slow over
           | the hard parts, it's that simple.
        
         | kgeist wrote:
         | Research [0] from Anthropic about juniors learning to code with
         | AI/without:
         | 
         | >the AI group averaged 50% on the quiz, compared to 67% in the
         | hand-coding group
         | 
         | And why would they do better? There's less incentive to learn
         | because it's so easy to offload thinking to AI.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.anthropic.com/research/AI-assistance-coding-
         | skil...
        
         | gamblor956 wrote:
         | Objectively speaking, students that use AI score more than a
         | full grade point below their peers not using AI.
         | 
         | AI makes students dumber, not smarter.
        
       | dangus wrote:
       | This is going to be music to deaf ears.
       | 
       | Companies will continue to demand it (I know people working at
       | companies that are literally looking at AI usage as an individual
       | performance metric, _puke emoji_ ), and probably 95% of humans
       | using pretty understandable human logic aren't going to work
       | harder than they need to on purpose.
       | 
       | I wish I had a solution. I think the jury is still out on whether
       | programming will be a dead profession in a short number of years,
       | replaced by technical protect operators.
        
       | esafak wrote:
       | Junior devs: you have an oracle you can pester incessantly. Make
       | the most of it so you can learn to detect its mistakes, know when
       | to push back, and what to ask of it. That's when you are in the
       | clear. Juniors who merely parrot the LLM get fired.
        
         | sarchertech wrote:
         | It's gonna take a long time for that to become the norm I
         | think. I really wish I could take 5 years off while everyone
         | figures this out.
        
           | wreath wrote:
           | You don't have to take 5 years off for it. Just continue same
           | old business (assuming you don't have outside pressure to use
           | this slop-machine) and keep your skills and judgment sharp
           | until the tools and workflow stabilizes, and most of all, the
           | money to fuel this hype runs out.
        
             | sarchertech wrote:
             | The reason I say that is because I don't want to deal with
             | trying to keep things from collapsing around me while
             | people slam in tens of thousands of lines of vibe coded
             | slop.
        
       | verdverm wrote:
       | This is good advice for seniors too.
       | 
       | Eg. When using Ai Deep Research for hard to debug issues, asking
       | for the why makes for a much better response.
        
       | moritonal wrote:
       | When I started my career I heard people say almost verbatim
       | "Stack overflow is making junior devs useless", with the idea all
       | we did was copypaste scripts over. The same people failed, and
       | the same people who can use the tools will succeed now.
        
         | 52-6F-62 wrote:
         | I'm not sure sure.
         | 
         | I worked under people who started as juniors that way but were
         | politically savvy. Or just ruthless. And pushed their way to
         | the top by stealing projects, lying through their teeth, and
         | other such tactics.
         | 
         | They were slowing down progress because their methods involved
         | sabotaging the progress of others because it might make their
         | own contributions shine a little less.
         | 
         | They were the cause of using libraries like leftPad all through
         | business critical code, and cutting anyone down who dared to
         | simply question why.
         | 
         | These things cause ripples. The smartest and most capable staff
         | leaves, what results is a churn of the same kind.
         | 
         | But hey, they get a trip to Mexico every year and burn through
         | millions every two years. Profit any day now.
        
         | ehnto wrote:
         | You definitely did see a difference between people who just
         | copy pasted from stack overflow, and from people with good
         | fundamentals. The uncomfortable truth though, is that the
         | industry didn't need good coders, it needed a bucket load of
         | basic web apps and it needed bums in seats.
         | 
         | I think the irony of AI is going to be that it will make the
         | remaining software jobs properly hard again, and implementers
         | (ex coders) will be able to succeed with even less code
         | knowledge than before.
        
       | recursivedoubts wrote:
       | As I tell my students: juniors, you must write the code
       | 
       | https://htmx.org/essays/yes-and/
       | 
       | Everyone else: we must let the juniors write the code.
       | 
       | Seniors come from juniors. If you want seniors, you must let the
       | juniors write the code.
        
         | Thanemate wrote:
         | The issue stems from 2 things:
         | 
         | 1) People hearing "an LLM is as smart as a junior" and actually
         | opting for the LLM subscription price instead of hiring a
         | junior
         | 
         | 2) The gap between senior and junior in terms of performance
         | has become larger, since the senior devs had their hands get
         | dirty for years typing stuff out manually AND also tackling
         | challenges.
         | 
         | This generation of junior-mid developers will have a
         | significant portion of the "typing stuff" chopped off, and
         | we're still pretending that this will end up being fine.
        
           | jnwatson wrote:
           | I think your second point is interesting, and it has actually
           | already happened a couple of times.
           | 
           | It used to be a lot easier to find devs that knew assembly
           | and could navigate call stacks through memory by hand because
           | a lot of folks had to learn that to get their job done. Now
           | higher level languages have mostly eliminated that level of
           | operation.
           | 
           | The same applies to infosec roles. It is 10x harder for
           | junior infosec folks than 20 years ago because there are a
           | bunch of skills you need in infosec that today's mainline dev
           | experience doesn't need, but were more common a while ago.
           | 
           | Case in point, I remember working with a partner company's
           | junior engineer on some integration. They needed some hard-
           | coded constant changed and time was of the essence. I told
           | them to change a couple bytes in the elf binary directly.
           | They looked at me like I was a wizard. I thought it was a
           | fairly pedestrian skill having grown up reversing computer
           | game save files.
        
             | mycall wrote:
             | Hex editors are a black box to most 99% devs these days. I
             | noticed their use falling off once code-signing came into
             | use.
        
         | wolttam wrote:
         | I agree with the sentiments here. But, I'm less hopeful about
         | the presented solutions.
         | 
         | I think my argument against humans still needing to know how to
         | manage complexity, is that the models will become increasingly
         | able to manage that complexity themselves.
         | 
         | The only thing that backs up that argument is the rate of
         | progress the models have made in the last 3 years (ChatGPT
         | turned 3 just 3 months ago)
         | 
         | I think software people as a whole need to see that the
         | capabilities won't stop here, they're going to keep growing. If
         | you can describe it, an LLM will eventually be able to do it.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | disagree because when the "super fast" new CPUs of 20 years
           | ago became common, it was easy to write code that executed
           | slower than previous code, due to language constructs and
           | wasteful work patterns. Therefore, I predict that LLM code
           | can explode in complexity (14KLOC for a binary file parser
           | with some features) but that compute will bog down and effort
           | to understand will explode.. that is, in extreme cases.
        
         | rco8786 wrote:
         | > Seniors come from juniors. If you want seniors, you must let
         | the juniors write the code
         | 
         | The average tenure of a person in engineering role is so short
         | that very few employers are thinking about developing
         | individuals anymore.
         | 
         | The actual way this gets approached is "If you want seniors,
         | you must hire seniors".
         | 
         | I'm not sure how this plays out now. But it's easy to imagine a
         | scenario like the COBOL writers of the last generation.
        
           | voxl wrote:
           | It's a self inflicted wound. Companies do not reward loyalty.
           | They do not give out raises congruent with what you can find
           | if you leave. Business-types unirionically think seasonal
           | layoffs is a "good thing." Self hemorrhaging your
           | institutional knowledge is insanity
        
             | rco8786 wrote:
             | Is it? Seems to be working fine for most
        
         | moomoo11 wrote:
         | Ok but even pre ai I felt like each years interns wanted to
         | take as many shortcuts as possible and not learn.
         | 
         | I think the allure of high TC (150k base or more for entry
         | level) led to many non engineer brained people to enter tech.
         | 
         | Many people can do rote memorization, it's even ingrained
         | heavily in some cultures iykyk. However they can't come up with
         | much original or out of the box thinking.
        
         | PetoU wrote:
         | before you had a lesson that every engineer has to start with
         | writing C, yet most of modern devs never did.
         | 
         | Seniors should be prepared that Seniority will mean different
         | thing and path of getting there will be different too.
         | 
         | Just like there was a shift from lower lvl languages to high
         | level
        
         | dahart wrote:
         | It's already getting harder to find juniors willing to write
         | the code and harder to discern whether someone is as willing as
         | they say. And I feel like asking junior to make this decision
         | and just have self control is a tricky double edged sword. Even
         | if I want them to (and I do!) the competitive and ambitious
         | juniors I suspect will still lean into AI code gen heavily as
         | it makes them look better and seem more productive. Seniors
         | probably need to do more than let them write the code, we
         | probably need to figure out ways to encourage, require, or even
         | enforce it at some level, if we want it to happen.
        
         | Tharre wrote:
         | > Seniors come from juniors. If you want seniors, you must let
         | the juniors write the code.
         | 
         | Companies know this as well, but this is a prisoner dilemma
         | type situation for them. A company can skip out on juniors, and
         | instead offer to pay seniors a bit better to poach them from
         | other companies, saving money. If everyone starts doing this,
         | everyone obviously loses - there just won't be enough new
         | seniors to satisfy demand. Avoiding this requires that most
         | companies play by the rules so to say, not something that's
         | easily achieved.
         | 
         | And the higher the cost of training juniors relative to their
         | economic output, the greater the incentive to break the rules
         | becomes.
         | 
         | One alternative might just be more strict non-competes and the
         | like, to make it harder for employees to switch companies in
         | the first place. But this is legally challenging and obviously
         | not a great thing for employees in general.
        
           | fluidcruft wrote:
           | The way other professions do this is by burying trainees with
           | debt and then writing off debt if they stay.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | See Revature.
        
         | sunir wrote:
         | Not every career path starts at a software first company. Not
         | every software first company works on the most intense
         | codebase.
         | 
         | And therefore in my experience not every senior engineer would
         | hack it as a senior engineer at a more intense company myself
         | included.
         | 
         | This isn't a software unique experience. It's life.
        
         | matt_heimer wrote:
         | The real question will be; Do we need to pay the juniors to
         | write code to become seniors?
         | 
         | If coding is an art then all the juniors will end up in the
         | same places as other struggling artists and only the breakout
         | artists will land paying coding gigs.
         | 
         | I'm sitting here on a weekend coding a passion project for no
         | pay so I have to wonder.
        
           | whattheheckheck wrote:
           | So non technical business people will hire vibe coded
           | seniors?
        
         | smallstepforman wrote:
         | The challenge is to get cost sensitive businesses to support
         | this. Juniors are a cost and when trained move on, thats the
         | fundamental problem. Retention only works with smart companues,
         | for most other companies its a revolving door.
         | 
         | On the plus side, as a dev with 30+ years of experience, I am
         | commanding a very good contract salary these days. Revolving
         | door companies stuck in process hell and product rot, and
         | cannot deliver new value, so they're scrambling to find
         | experienced devs that cost a premium. My salary today makes up
         | for peanuts at the start of my career.
        
         | dude250711 wrote:
         | _> If you want seniors, you must let the juniors write the
         | code._
         | 
         | I do not want more juniors, because given time they will be my
         | competition.
        
       | garyfirestorm wrote:
       | Yes and no. Often times managers are now asking ask Claude code
       | to write it but I want it delivered tomorrow. This leads to us
       | forcing to use LLM generated code without enough time to review
       | or understand it.
        
         | sarchertech wrote:
         | I hope you don't have actual users.
        
           | nkmnz wrote:
           | Don't worry, he works for the DoW.
        
       | adamtaylor_13 wrote:
       | I can't seem to get the article to load, but I think I get the
       | gist from the title.
       | 
       | I hired a junior "dev" who literally hadn't even completed an
       | HTML course. Before AI I could not have hired them because they
       | literally did not know how to dev. After AI, anyone with a little
       | grit can push themselves into the field pretty easily.
       | 
       | As with everything in life: you can choose to hard route or you
       | can choose the easy route and your results will follow
       | accordingly.
        
         | risyachka wrote:
         | >> who literally hadn't even completed an HTML course.
         | 
         | so what is their value? proxy your requests to ai?
        
         | troad wrote:
         | > As with everything in life: you can choose to hard route or
         | you can choose the easy route and your results will follow
         | accordingly.
         | 
         | Hard agree, but probably not in the way you're implying.
         | 
         | It's the difficult things that make life fun and interesting. A
         | life spent going from one easy thing to another is a life
         | barely lived at all.
        
           | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
           | From a professional standpoint, I've never found "enjoyment"
           | from coding. I enjoy every part of the process of getting
           | business goals from talking to stakeholders -> completed
           | project with coding being the necessary evil.
           | 
           | Funny enough, I started working in 1996 professionally (and
           | had been a hobbyist for six years before going to college).
           | But it was only between 2012-2016 that I was a ticket taker
           | without working with the end user directly - everything I've
           | done has been B2B.
           | 
           | GenAI (and working remotely since 2020) has made me enjoy
           | every part of my job.
        
         | idontwantthis wrote:
         | Why are you paying them instead of running the AI yourself?
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | > I hired a junior "dev" who literally hadn't even completed an
         | HTML course.
         | 
         | I mean, I'm a fairly senior dev, and have literally never
         | completed, or indeed really heard of, a html course. Is that,
         | eh, part of your average CS degree these days?
        
           | cyberpunk wrote:
           | 25 years doing distributed systems and best i can offer
           | anyone is
           | 
           | <marquee><h1><blink> welcome to cyberpunk's j33t website!!!
           | 
           | :) :)
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | Fun thing about that:
             | 
             | > Netscape has stipulated removal of the <marquee> element
             | from the Internet Explorer during an HTML ERB meeting in
             | February 1996, as a condition to removing the <blink>
             | element from the Netscape
             | 
             | It's like nuclear disarmament treaties, but for annoying
             | things.
        
               | cyberpunk wrote:
               | Damn, my elite frontend skills are 30 years out of date?
               | 
               | Better stick to apis then I guess.
        
         | srfn wrote:
         | Adam, can you please share, how in the world, this junior dev
         | got hired with you?
         | 
         | I'm self-taught dev with multiple years of experience. I choose
         | the hard route, even after AI. For me, programming is theory
         | building, so I always choose understanding above all else.
         | 
         | Rock solid understanding of TypeScript, frontend and backed.
         | 
         | I have sent 100s of CVs. For Juniors, Mids and Seniors. Not
         | even a single interview.
         | 
         | I will be glad for your thoughts on the matter.
        
       | re-thc wrote:
       | I assume junior devs can at least search. AI often doesn't even
       | do that. That's why there are things like context7, which in a
       | narrow context helps but not perfect.
       | 
       | There are lots of ambiguous situations where a search and human
       | "inference" can solve that AI still can't.
       | 
       | I can tell the AI to do something, it uses the worst approach, I
       | tell it a better way exists, it says it validated it does not, I
       | link to a GitHub issue saying it can be done via workarounds and
       | it still fails. It's worse for longer tasks where it always
       | shortcuts to if it fails pick a "safe" approach (including not
       | doing it).
       | 
       | Funny enough we need the junior to guide the AI.
        
       | kburman wrote:
       | The "Junior Trap" is real: if you offload your thinking to Claude
       | or GPT-4, you're hitting "Done" for the day, but you're accruing
       | massive Learning Debt. You aren't building the failure-pattern
       | recognition that actually makes an engineer valuable.
       | 
       | In a world where "Code is no longer a skill," the only way to
       | survive is to stop being a "Prompt Operator" and start being a
       | "System Auditor." If you can't explain the trade-offs of the
       | architectural pattern the AI just gave you, you aren't an
       | engineer, you're just the person holding the screwdriver while
       | the machine builds the house.
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | I can't wait until the AI people realize that without developers'
       | original ideas, AI has nothing new to steal from. We don't
       | create, AI will spit out the same old concepts. What, you're
       | gonna create the next generation of AI by training it on what the
       | very same AI has already produced? C'mon now.
       | 
       | You don't get technical creativity reflexes by using AI. This is
       | technical stagnation in the making. By cannibalizing its own
       | sources, AI is ensuring that future generations are locked-in
       | subscription models to do the most basic technical tasks. This is
       | all obvious, yet we speed up every chance we get.
        
         | microgpt wrote:
         | I don't expect them to realise that until some time after it
         | actually happens. When it remains a future hypothetical, it
         | won't be accounted for.
        
         | PetoU wrote:
         | fwiw 90% of software is reinventing the wheel. 80% of devs have
         | an itch to "rewrite from scratch".
         | 
         | AI will deduplicate all of this
        
           | pluc wrote:
           | This is fine. How else do you learn but by taking things
           | apart and rebuilding them? This obsession with productivity
           | is incompatible with onboarding new talent. Having 1000
           | versions of the same concept is exactly what progress is.
        
             | skeledrew wrote:
             | > 1000 versions of the same concept
             | 
             | That sounds beyond wasteful.
        
               | pluc wrote:
               | It is. Humans are messy.
        
           | debone wrote:
           | My experience is that 100% of AI devs are reinventing the
           | wheel, most of the time for no better reason than "I can do
           | it" or "not invented here"
        
             | pllbnk wrote:
             | I opened LinkedIn today (out of habit) and the first post
             | was someone explaining how much Slack costs and that with
             | AI every company can build their own Slack for $100. So
             | that person decided to build an open source Slack clone
             | using Claude Code. Granted, these were a few sane comments
             | showing good alternatives that have already been built.
             | 
             | But for me it's been a signal that people have no
             | imagination, so they are just burning tokens for no reason.
        
         | dahart wrote:
         | It might be a mistake to assume tomorrow's training looks like
         | today's. Unsupervised learning is a thing and a very hot
         | research topic, precisely because it avoids some of today's big
         | problems with acquiring the vast amounts of training data
         | necessary.
        
           | greentea23 wrote:
           | Unsupervised leanring has been around for years and is
           | already how the current wave of models are trained. It
           | doesn't mean no data, it means no human provided labels of
           | the data. So you still need creative new human ideas to move
           | LLMs forward. LLMs != intelligence.
        
             | varispeed wrote:
             | Exactly this. Even frontier models like Opus 4.6 have
             | absolutely zero understanding of the task at hand. If you
             | give them problem they have not encountered in training
             | data, they will not solve it. You can however, guide them
             | to resolve the problem, but in that case these get reduced
             | to merely an auto complete. Don't get me wrong - models are
             | getting better and hide very well that they don't
             | understand anything, you can almost get fooled now.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | It isn't about training anymore. It is about harnesses.
         | 
         | Just look at new math proofs that will come out, as one
         | example. Exploration vs Exploitation is a thing in AI but you
         | seem to think that human creativity can't be surpassed by
         | harnesses and prompts like "generate 100 types of possible..."
         | 
         | You're wrong. What you call creativity is often a manual
         | application of a simple self-prompt that people do.
         | 
         | One can have a loop where AI generates new ideas, rejects some
         | and ranks the rest, then prioritizes. Then spawns workloads and
         | sandboxes to try out and test the most highly ranked ideas.
         | Finally it accretes knowledge into a relational database.
         | 
         | Germans also underestimated USA in WW2, saying their soldiers
         | were superior, and USA just had technology -- but USA out
         | produced tanks and machinery and won the war through sheer
         | automation, even if its soldiers were just regular joes and not
         | elite troops.
         | 
         | Back then it was mechanized divisions. Now it is mechanized
         | intelligence.
         | 
         | While Stalin said: Quantity has a quality all its own.
        
           | pluc wrote:
           | There is no "new ideas" with AI. Claiming the opposite is a
           | fundamental misunderstanding of the technology.
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | While that's kind of true in some sense, I think there's an
             | argument to be made for the contrary: that the mechanism
             | for generating new ideas in humans is not quite as special
             | as we would like to think.
             | 
             | In other words, creativity in humans is arguably just as
             | derivative as in machines.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | I think this can be falsified by just considering the
               | history of humanity. It wasn't that long ago that human
               | language literally did not even exist. And our collective
               | knowledge wasn't all that much more than 'poke him with
               | the pointy end'. Somehow we went from that to putting a
               | man on the Moon, unlocking the secrets of the atom, and
               | more. And if you consider how awful we are at
               | retaining/sharing information and just general
               | inefficiencies due to the fact that we're humans and not
               | just logical information processing machines, we did all
               | of this in little more than the blink of an eye. This is
               | something that seems to certainly be rather special.
        
               | skeledrew wrote:
               | All that humanity has achieved happened due to the simple
               | loop of identifying a desire/need and finding a way to
               | satisfy it. Also known as reinforcement learning. The
               | only thing that really differentiates humans from
               | machines is... history. We've been learning and passing
               | on our knowledge to successive generations over
               | millennia. Nothing really special there; give the
               | machines a few years to learn and see what happens.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | What needs do machines have? What desires do they have?
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | I'm not claiming an LLM is structurally or functionally
               | equivalent to a human brain. I just said that what we
               | call "creativity" is in fact a very derivative thing.
        
             | replygirl wrote:
             | i don't think all sides of this discussion agree on what a
             | "new idea" is. i am a very creative person but i've never
             | had a truly original thought and i don't know how having
             | one would be possible
        
               | cyberpunk wrote:
               | It depends on what layer you look at I think, shoulders
               | of giants and all that..
        
             | PetoU wrote:
             | that's only partially true.
             | 
             | AI can innovate in synthetic-realm of novel ideas, while
             | real-world novelty will remain untouched.
             | 
             | There are different types of novelties
        
               | pluc wrote:
               | If AI could innovate it wouldn't be a public product. It
               | would be a cash cow. Why give your customers the ability
               | to come up with new and amazing ideas when you can just
               | keep it for yourself and launch a thousand products? USA
               | is a capitalist society. It doesn't share profitable
               | ideas.
               | 
               | And if AI was really about productivity they'd be talking
               | about doing more faster with the same workforce, not
               | reducing the workforce.
        
               | PetoU wrote:
               | if you like, the business model is called Innovation-as-
               | a-Service :)
               | 
               | That's perfectly aligned with capitalistic motivations
        
               | skeledrew wrote:
               | What is a "real-world novelty" and what prevents AI from
               | touching it?
        
             | alemanek wrote:
             | What I am excited about is the possibility of LLMs to draw
             | conclusions from the last 150years of scientific papers.
             | 
             | There have been lots of instances of knowledge being
             | rediscovered even when it was previously published but
             | sitting on some shelf forgotten. LLMs ability to digest
             | large volumes of data will I think help with this issue.
             | 
             | We will still need to reproduce and verify conclusions but
             | will be interesting to see what might come from this.
        
             | cyberpunk wrote:
             | I hear this sentiment a lot but it doesn't ring true for
             | me.
             | 
             | What is an idea really and what's your definition of new?
             | 
             | If i get a LLM to spit out, I dunno, a deployment system
             | written in haskell that uses bittorrent or something, none
             | of those bits are new, but certainly there will be unique
             | challenges to solve in the code and it's a new system.
             | 
             | Where is the line for new? Is it in combining old ideas? If
             | not then does any software have "new" ideas? It's all
             | combinations of processor instructions after all...
        
         | electric_mayhem wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession_(novella)
        
         | sunir wrote:
         | Why would there be a lack of original ideas? People who are
         | born to code so to speak will do it. Information wants to be
         | free as the saying goes. It only takes one time for an
         | innovation for it to be to copied everywhere.
         | 
         | We don't need the same volume of developers to have the same or
         | faster speed of innovation.
         | 
         | And conversely if there is stagnation there is a capital
         | opportunity to out compete it and so there will be a human
         | desire to do the work.
         | 
         | Tl;Dr. People like doing stuff and achieving. They will
         | continue to do stuff.
         | 
         | ps it's too much to claim other people don't experience
         | creative ideas using AI. You don't really know that's true. It
         | hasn't been my experience as I have had the capability and
         | capacity to complete ideas on my back burner for decades and
         | move onto the next thing.
        
           | hluska wrote:
           | That's the big scary point at the crux of all of this -
           | you've had decades without the tooling to develop instincts.
           | Nobody knows whether it's possible to develop instincts with
           | the tooling or what those instincts will look like.
           | Creativity takes a degree of skill to execute on and the
           | concern is that we're potentially graduating people to
           | painting the ceiling of the Sistine chapel before they've
           | even learned to sketch.
           | 
           | At minimum, our current generation of leaders will have to
           | get much better at managing resources and building people up.
           | We have to up our games and build environments where the
           | pursuit of deep understanding is permissible. Unfortunately
           | with the current hiring issues, it's totally understandable
           | that young developers are scared to take time on tickets.
        
             | sunir wrote:
             | I can't repair my car, which used to be the hallmark of
             | technical masculine skill in the era of Grease the musical,
             | because mechanical maintenance is not primary in my
             | lifetime. Nor do I have any idea how to manage a farm. I
             | think the kids will be fine. On the other hand, I fear I
             | will not survive once my Internet connection goes out.
        
         | skeledrew wrote:
         | Technically all the problems that almost any given business
         | needs to be solved today has already been solved umpteen times
         | over the years. There are no new problems that can't be solved
         | by porting and/or combining old solutions.
        
           | pluc wrote:
           | That's the literal definition of stagnation. That is not
           | compatible with growth.
           | 
           | Also that's not a new idea, that "everything worth
           | inventing/exploring has already been". It's precisely what AI
           | reinforces, and that goes against human nature (and
           | capitalism) as that statement has historically proved.
        
           | lioeters wrote:
           | "Everything has already been invented." - Some 19th-century
           | scientist who had no imagination to see the wave of
           | technological innovation that was coming.
        
         | wolttam wrote:
         | Maybe there aren't _that_ many new /necessary ideas that can be
         | mined from the fundamental building blocks of software
         | development (languages, syntax, runtimes, static analyses, type
         | checking, etc). Maybe people will continue to innovate by
         | instructing models to build novel things out of those building
         | blocks? Perhaps things we would not have thought of building
         | before due to the effort required without LLM assistance.
        
         | estimator7292 wrote:
         | Innovation is irrelevant to pushing up this quarter's numbers.
         | No one actually values unique and novel ideas. The _only_ thing
         | that matters is shipping something right now that can make an
         | impact on this quarter 's numbers.
         | 
         | Who cares if it's derivative slop or a straight up bootleg of
         | something else so long as the number goes up
        
         | andersmurphy wrote:
         | It's the opposite. The less competent the average developer the
         | more valuable coding LLMs become (as the only way for those bad
         | developers to generate ok code). Eliminate the good developers
         | and even bad coding LLMs become valuable.
        
       | tinyhouse wrote:
       | AI made juniors without potential useless, not all juniors.
        
       | 13415 wrote:
       | Useless? Where do they expect the senior engineers to come from
       | in the future?
        
       | paulsutter wrote:
       | This is ridiculous. New developers will learn a completely
       | different skill path from what we learned, and they will get
       | where we are faster than we did.
        
       | nextstepfan wrote:
       | Actually the truth is that a lot of senior devs are not very good
       | either, and have negative value. But they have an inflated value
       | of themselves that does not reflect reality.
       | 
       | Pretty much all software projects seem to peak, and then decline
       | in quality. There are only a handful of senior devs in the world
       | who are actually good programmers.
        
         | zsoltkacsandi wrote:
         | I agree. But it's not about that they have inflated value but
         | it comes down to how "modern" software producing organizations
         | work. Product managers and C-level people do not know what they
         | are doing either. Most people are part of the "software
         | engineering" theater, recruiters are recruiting, manager are
         | managing, software developers are developing software, all of
         | them just to get paid or gain status in the org. Most of the
         | values come from that handful people who can really deliver.
        
           | whattheheckheck wrote:
           | Yeah read Software and Mind by Andrei Sorin
        
             | slopinthebag wrote:
             | > The mechanistic myth is the belief that everything can be
             | described as a neat hierarchical structure of things within
             | things. And few of us realize that our entire culture is
             | based on this fallacy. While the world consists of complex,
             | interacting structures, we prefer to treat every phenomenon
             | as a simple, isolated structure.
             | 
             | > Through our software pursuits, the mechanistic myth has
             | spread beyond its academic origins, and is now affecting
             | every aspect of human existence. In just one generation, it
             | has expanded from worthless theories of mind and society
             | (behaviour- ism, structuralism, universal grammar, etc.) to
             | worthless concepts in the field of programming (structured
             | programming, object-oriented pro- gramming, the relational
             | database model, etc.) to worthless software-related
             | activities that we all have to perform.
             | 
             | > What is worse, our mechanistic beliefs have permitted
             | powerful software elites to arise. While appearing to help
             | us enjoy the benefits of software, the elites are in fact
             | preventing us from creating and using software effectively.
             | By invoking mechanistic software principles, they are
             | fostering ignorance in software-related matters and
             | inducing dependence on their systems.
             | 
             | > Increasingly, in one occupation after another, all we
             | need to know is how to operate some software systems that
             | are based on mechanistic principles. But our minds are
             | capable of non- mechanistic knowledge. So, when the elites
             | force us to depend on their software, they exploit us in
             | two ways: by preventing us from creating better, non-
             | mechanistic software; and by preventing us from using the
             | superior, non-mechanistic capabilities of our minds.
             | 
             | > The ultimate consequence of our mechanistic culture,
             | then, is the degradation of minds. If we restrict ourselves
             | to mechanistic performance, our non-mechanistic
             | capabilities remain un- developed. The world is becoming
             | more and more complex, yet we see only its simple,
             | mechanistic aspects. So we cope perhaps with the
             | mechanistic problems, but the complex, non-mechanistic ones
             | remain unsolved, and may eventually destroy us.
             | 
             | Wow, I'm immediately hooked. The book is free online as
             | well to download.
        
       | palad1n wrote:
       | tl;dr ask why
        
       | BobbyJo wrote:
       | Junior devs have always been useless. You used to give them tasks
       | that take them a week or two even though a senior engineer could
       | do it in a couple hours, not because you wanted them to
       | contribute, but because you wanted them to learn to contribute.
       | 
       | The same ethos makes sense with AI, it's just that every company
       | is trying to avoid paying that training tax. Why turn a junior
       | into a senior yourself if you can get the competition to pay for
       | it instead.
        
         | sunir wrote:
         | Agreed. We are still in a capital crunch so overhiring is out
         | of fashion. People don't remember the early 90s or the dot.bust
         | when the same things were said.
         | 
         | Kraft 1977 Programmers and Managers talked about this if I
         | recall. Still the best alternate take on our industry I have
         | ever read.
        
         | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
         | What's the importance of then learning to contribute if they
         | will probably jump ship anyway when they get good enough? Your
         | HR department is not going to give them a market rate raise to
         | keep them - see salary compression and inversion. A junior
         | developer just isn't worth the investment.
         | 
         | I have never once told my manager "it would be really nice to
         | have a few junior developers. It would really help us get this
         | project done on time". They do "negative work".
         | 
         | Yes not having juniors become seniors is an industry problem.
         | But my goal is to reach my company's quarterly and anual goals
         | - not what's going to happen 10 years from now.
        
           | whattheheckheck wrote:
           | Welcome to capitalism. Hire seniors and pay them 400k
        
             | skeledrew wrote:
             | Until there are no more "seniors"...
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | More money for me until I retire - well actually I'm past
               | the point where I chase more money - and then after that
               | - it's not my monkey and not my circus.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | Again HN bubble thinking. Most developers in the US are
             | working at banks, airlines, insurance companies, etc in
             | second tier cities - in the "enterprise" and are not making
             | "$400K". Most developers will never in their career see
             | more than $175K inflation adjusted and I really haven't
             | seen comp on the top end increase in nominal terms in a
             | decade [1] for enterprise devs.
             | 
             | That leads to my second point, in second tier cities, you
             | see comp go from around $80K --> $115K -> $150K --> $175K,
             | junior -> mid (pull well defined tickets off a board) ->
             | Senior (leads larger initiatives) -> Senior+.
             | 
             | For instance look at what Delta airlines pays based on
             | Atlanta.
             | 
             | https://www.levels.fyi/companies/delta-air-lines/salaries
             | 
             | Why hire a junior at $80K when you can poach a former
             | junior now mid level ticket taker for $115K?
             | 
             | [1] after pivoting slightly to cloud + app dev customer
             | facing/hands on keyboard consulting, I'm at a new plateau
             | that's higher.
        
           | addaon wrote:
           | > I have never once told my manager "it would be really nice
           | to have a few junior developers. It would really help us get
           | this project done on time". They do "negative work".
           | 
           | I have. A good junior can do in a week what a senior with
           | domain knowledge can do in a half day, with only an hour of
           | mentoring along the way. This isn't a great exchange rate per
           | dollar (juniors are cheaper than seniors, but not that much
           | cheaper) -- but seniors with domain knowledge are a finite
           | resource, you can't get more of them for love or money, while
           | juniors are fresh-minted every semester. The cheapest way to
           | shipping may not go through juniors, but the fastest way
           | usually does; and that's completely ignoring the HUGE side
           | benefit of building seniors "the hard way," which is still
           | easier than hiring.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | And as a senior+ with domain knowledge, with AI I can do
             | the work of two juniors without the communication overhead
             | + do all of the project management, dealing with
             | stakeholders, etc.
             | 
             | But you don't build seniors, you build capable mid level
             | ticket takers who jump for more money at the first
             | opportunity.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | And you can actually hand things off to them: this
               | problem is now your problem. With AIs you're herding cats
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | How is that true? As an architect when I was working at
               | product companies, the director/CxO wasn't going to call
               | the junior developer to the carpet for not getting a task
               | done or even the mid level ticket taker. Hell they don't
               | even know what the individual tasks are. I'm going to be
               | the one ultimately responsible either way for project
               | success.
               | 
               | Even when I was working at AWS as a mid level/L5 in the
               | Professional Services division (lower title/lot more
               | money), I was the one who was responsible for my
               | "workstream" on larger projects. I couldn't say "that's
               | not my fault. Blame the new L4 junior consultant who just
               | got out of the internal boot camp for new grads".
               | 
               | Now that I have moved back up to a more senior position
               | in consulting, if a project I'm leading goes sideways, I
               | can't tell the customer that it's not my fault, it's the
               | fault of the workstream leads and the workstream leads
               | can't tell me, it's the fault of the more junior
               | consultants who work under them. They will never talk to
               | the client. The people under the workstream leads may not
               | even speak English.
               | 
               | And that's not meant to be an insult. The workstream
               | leads have to he able to speak passable English and they
               | can work with people under then who only speak Spanish.
        
           | eloisant wrote:
           | Treat your employees well and they won't jump ship.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | The problem is that (hypothetical) you as a line level
             | manager don't control comp and raises. Even in BigTech your
             | manager doesn't control your promotion and everyone knows
             | it's better to "boomerang" because you will get paid less
             | being promoted to an L5 (mid) from an L4 than someone hired
             | as an L5.
        
             | samrus wrote:
             | Its not about treating them well. The environment and
             | culture isnt the problem. Its that tech companies have
             | decided that they dont like giving appropriate raises to
             | current employees. They are somehow fine with paying the
             | same or more money to bring in an equally qualified
             | external hire. But not with retaining people. Idk why,
             | maybe some stupid MBA rule, mayne theres some good reason
             | behind it
        
           | estimator7292 wrote:
           | This is the difference between being an engineer and being a
           | clock puncher. You don't care about the business, you don't
           | care about the product, you don't care about society as a
           | whole. So long as you get your paycheck and your annual pay
           | bump, fuck absolutely everyone and everything else, right?
           | 
           | Don't worry, just leave all your problems for someone else to
           | fix. I'm sure that won't have any lasting consequences at
           | all.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | I work for one reason and one reason alone - to trade 40
             | hours of labor for money to support my addiction to food
             | and shelter. The company is not going to give me money for
             | "caring about society". They are going to give me money to
             | meet my quarterly goals to help them meet their profit
             | goals for the company and in a former life , to make them
             | look good for the public market pre-IPO and at another
             | company for an acquisition.
             | 
             | I give a company 40 hours a week and all of my 30 years of
             | industry experience and they give me money (and in a former
             | life RSUs)
        
             | xtracto wrote:
             | Sweet summer child. I was once opinionated and driven as
             | you are now. I remember when I got out of college, I also
             | thought like that of the mediocre clock punchers.
             | 
             | Now at my 45 years, I couldn't care less for whatever grand
             | objective the current company I work for has. I exchange my
             | knowledge and time for hard cash, and let the owners , ceo
             | and whatnot run with their grandiose vision.
             | 
             | I only want to be left alone.
             | 
             | We all get here. It's funny when we turn back.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | Funny enough, the more I got into this mindset, I slept
               | better, made more money, and got more autonomy.
               | 
               | Once directors and CxOs know that you are completely
               | aligned with the business goals and ignore everything
               | else that "doesn't make the beer taste better", they
               | trust your judgement and basically leave you alone.
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _What's the importance of then learning to contribute if
           | they will probably jump ship anyway when they get good
           | enough? Your HR department is not going to give them a market
           | rate raise to keep them - see salary compression and
           | inversion._
           | 
           | Obviously that hasn't historically been true, else there
           | wouldn't be any senior developers as companies would have
           | wised up to that and nobody would hire them as juniors.
           | 
           | - Not everybody is a job hopper (even in Silicon Valley one
           | sees that most junior FAANG devs stick around for a good
           | while).
           | 
           | - The HR department is absolutely going to give junior
           | developers that pass the cut after a year or so a market rate
           | raise.
           | 
           | - In limited hiring periods, they'd be grateful to have the
           | chance to stick around, while in bullish "boom" periods
           | companies can afford to spend to keep people, expand and give
           | them bigger roles, and so on. It's in the in-between that it
           | becomes more problematic, but now we're in a "limited hiring"
           | era.
           | 
           | > _Yes not having juniors become seniors is an industry
           | problem. But my goal is to reach my company's quarterly and
           | anual goals - not what's going to happen 10 years from now._
           | 
           | That's how companies fail.
           | 
           | It's also not a good strategy at the personal level. If you
           | command more devs, you get more leverage.
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | This is not true - the average tenure for a developer
             | across the industry has been 3 years for well over a
             | decade.
             | 
             | > _The HR department is absolutely going to give junior
             | developers that pass the cut after a year or so a market
             | rate raise._
             | 
             | This is also not true from small companies to FAANG - see
             | "salary compression and inversion"
             | 
             | > _That 's how companies fail._
             | 
             | The company failing in the long term is really not any
             | current employees main concern unless you are a founder if
             | the average tenure is 3-5 years. Even the stock market
             | doesn't care about the long term viability of a company.
             | 
             | BigTech for instance can afford dead weight. Amazon has an
             | internship program and for those who come back or through
             | their non traditional programs for their internal
             | consulting division (AWS Professional Services) they have a
             | 3 (6?) month training program.
             | 
             | In ProServe at least (former employee) even for their l5/L6
             | employees, they have the 3 month training program - "AWSome
             | Builder" where you simulate a customer project and have to
             | pass.
             | 
             | After leaving AWS and being hired as a staff consultant by
             | a third party company, they put me on a plane two weeks in
             | to meet with a customer. They don't even hire less than
             | senior+ people in the US.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _This is not true - the average tenure for a developer
               | across the industry has been 3 years for well over a
               | decade._
               | 
               | That counts temps, people who weren't a good fit and were
               | let go early after hiring, mass layoffs, and mixes mixes
               | startups and FAANG and consulting churn, none of which is
               | the typical corporate IT worker scenario, and all of
               | which bring the average down (but are not "hopping").
               | 
               | Corporate IT, government IT, smaller SMEs, and stable
               | SaaS, have higher averages.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | Nope, it doesn't count temps at all. This is easily
               | Googleable.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | If the median tenure is 3 years and the software business
               | still is very profitable then people must be net useful
               | within that 3 years. A lot of people also just don't want
               | to job hop much and honestly the interview culture keeps
               | me from hopping more. I do still fall in the 3 years per
               | hop but I've always had a good reason to- ie. layoffs,
               | company going in a worse position than when I started,
               | shit management at various levels, forever compounding
               | responsibility...
        
           | hackable_sand wrote:
           | Completely misses the point of training someone
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | So exactly what is the point for a profit seeking company
             | to train someone except thsr you expect them to bring you
             | more business value than they cost during their tenure?
        
           | dyauspitr wrote:
           | It doesn't make sense to hire juniors at all other than as a
           | service to society. I haven't hired a junior in 4 years. The
           | one I hired 4 years ago was because not only did he do
           | reasonably well on the interview but he literally begged me
           | because he trained himself to do it while painting houses so
           | I saw a lot of passion in him.
        
           | samrus wrote:
           | > But my goal is to reach my company's quarterly and anual
           | goals - not what's going to happen 10 years from now.
           | 
           | Your benefiting from the work of peopke who did worry about
           | what will happen 10, or even 20 30 years down the line.
           | People like you are why the rides gonna stop
        
             | wonnage wrote:
             | It's telling that OP worked at Amazon because this pretty
             | much sums up the culture there - new grads churning through
             | and burning out in two years while a few seniors stick
             | around and perpetuate the cycle.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | I was 46 when I was hired and it was my 8th job out of
               | college. I was far from a naive college grad. I went in
               | with a purpose - keep my head down for 4 years through my
               | initial four year package, put it on my resume, build a
               | network and leave for a smaller consulting shop.
               | 
               | In fact the only reason I got my job there was because a
               | recruiter reached out to me about an SDE job on the
               | retail side. There was no way in hell that I was going to
               | sell my big house in the burbs of Atlanta (at the time),
               | uproot my life after Covid and work for _Amazon_. I knew
               | what I would be getting into.
               | 
               | She then told me about a "permanently remote","field by
               | design" role at AWS ProServe. I was like sure why not?
        
             | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
             | So I should become a director or CxO of a company (because
             | line level managers are powerless to do anything) so I can
             | make those types of decisions?
             | 
             | Not that I'm a line level manager - I'm just a high level
             | IC who is at the same position on the org chart as a line
             | level manager
        
         | lokar wrote:
         | Yep. This is why many companies have a terminal level with "up
         | or out " rules. Before that level you are not fully independent
         | and require too much supervision. No one wants a Jr engineer
         | with 10 years of experience.
         | 
         | I see a lot of Sr engineers get very frustrated by how much
         | time they have to spend helping Jr engineers. But, that's the
         | job, or at least a big part of it.
         | 
         | Or at least it was.
        
           | jfreds wrote:
           | I burnt out helping a junior on my team for the past few
           | months. It was just terribly obvious she was feeding my
           | responses directly into a chatbot to fix instead of actually
           | understanding the issue. I can't really even blame her, there
           | isn't much incentive to actually learn
        
             | hodgesrm wrote:
             | That sounds like a bad hire, not a junior. Why didn't your
             | manager help fix that?
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | I gather that quite a lot of companies are using dumb
               | metrics which would show this as _good_ behaviour, these
               | days.
        
               | lokar wrote:
               | Sure, but the overriding metric should be the opinion of
               | the Sr engineer who is supposed to be mentoring and
               | supervising the Jr
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | You'd hope, but, y'know, AI mania.
        
             | lokar wrote:
             | I've been in situations like that. For me, it's like
             | interviewing, I just keep backing off, lowering the bar,
             | making it easier and easier until they can get it, then
             | start going back up again. I pretty quickly get a confident
             | read on where they are.
             | 
             | If at that point it's clear (to me) the situation is not
             | salvageable, it's a management issue, I've done my job.
        
         | rTX5CMRXIfFG wrote:
         | I mean, if we're doing this, let's be honest and go as far as
         | mid-level engineers whose work needs constant correction, as
         | well as the many, many senior engineers out there who are
         | senior only because they lucked out in getting the title during
         | the artificial dev scarcity of the ZIRP eras.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | I've gotten plenty of use out of junior devs. The critical bit
         | is what makes anyone a useful worker. I've found anyone that's
         | both dedicated and meticulous is worth the investment.
         | 
         | Sure there's a wide range of skills and you can't just hand any
         | task to anyone and expect it to work out but some fresh collage
         | graduates are more capable than the average person with 5 years
         | of professional experience. At the other end you need to focus
         | on whatever they actually are capable of doing. 40+ hours a
         | week can slowly expand even an extremely narrow skillet as long
         | as they're a hard worker.
        
           | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
           | And have you compared the output of three junior devs to
           | hiring one mid level ticket taker who isn't that much more
           | expensive + AI coding agents?
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | You don't want 3 Jr devs at the same time because of
             | diminishing returns. Most projects have grunt work where
             | attention to detail is important but experience doesn't
             | really help much. AI can quickly come up with alt text for
             | images, but ensuring it's actually useful for someone using
             | a screen reader is a different story.
             | 
             | 1 new Jr every 2 years works quite well for a team of 7+
             | developers.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | And that junior dev will probably leave in 2 years
               | because HR won't allow you to give them a raise to match
               | their market comp.
               | 
               | But with a team of 7, I can't believe that giving them
               | all a Claude Code subscription wouldn't be much cheaper
               | and much more productive than hiring a junior. A junior
               | though with AI is more dangerous than a junior without.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That's not really an either or situation, you can have 7
               | team members with Claud Code and 1 Jr without.
               | 
               | I've seen many people stick around for a surprising
               | amount of time while severely under compensated. I
               | suspect that's why HR does it.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | What's the use of the junior? You have just widen the gap
               | between mid and junior developers making them less useful
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Working on problems that are a poor fit for a mid level
               | developer with AI assistance of which there are still
               | plenty.
               | 
               | I find AI tools make everyone better at exactly the same
               | kind of problems, which means a larger percentage of
               | what's left over is more cheaply done by Jr's working
               | without AI assistance.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | > I find AI tools make everyone better at exactly the
               | same kind of problems
               | 
               | Fascinating. I am finding the exact opposite, like
               | complete 180
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | How exactly do some people leverage AI to rearrange the
               | furniture in the conference room for an office party?
               | 
               | Physical labor may be a tiny fraction of what a team of
               | developers do, but I've seen what amounts to several
               | thousand dollars spent on that kind of silly task because
               | teams leverage the tools they have.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | You pay contractors and caterers - that's a poor excuse
               | ti have dead weight.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | You just replaced one task that an AI is useless for with
               | a different task that an AI is useless for.
               | 
               | The point obviously still stands, and no I am not
               | suggesting using Jr devs for physical labor alone is
               | worth adding them to the team. Rather that "Work"
               | includes a very wide variety of tasks that need to get
               | done.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | > I find AI tools make everyone better at exactly the
               | same kind of problems
               | 
               | this part I find fascinating. most places I worked (30
               | years in, 10 as a contractor so quite a lot) the
               | distinction between Jr, Mid and Sr falls exactly into the
               | kind of works that they do. I, as a Senior, often work on
               | hard shit, Jrs are not (yet) entrusted with those
               | problems and work on entirely different set of problems.
               | I cannot compute how AI makes everyone better at exactly
               | the same kind of problems, problems I am solving today
               | few people on my team are working on and then same goes
               | down the "pyramid"
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | A mid level developer is just a ticket taker. That's
               | their job. No matter what their title, if they are just
               | pulling well defined tickets off the board, that's what
               | they are.
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | > Junior devs have always been useless. You used to give them
         | tasks [...] not because you wanted them to contribute, but
         | because you wanted them to learn to contribute.
         | 
         | Junior devs are by your own explanation _not useless_. They are
         | the most important human investment in your project.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | > Junior devs have always been useless. You used to give them
         | tasks that take them a week or two even though a senior
         | engineer could do it in a couple hours
         | 
         | We havent dont it and I never seen something like that.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Why? Because I learn every time I do.
        
         | dude250711 wrote:
         | _> ...not because you wanted them to contribute, but because
         | you wanted them to learn to contribute._
         | 
         | Rather because you want them to go away, because management
         | conveniently forgot to reduce your load to account for time
         | spent on mentoring.
        
         | elephanlemon wrote:
         | Strongly disagree with this. Bad junior devs might be useless,
         | but I've seen good ones absolutely tear through features.
         | Junior devs fresh out of school typically have tons of energy,
         | haven't been burned out, and are serious about wanting to get
         | work done.
        
           | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
           | And how do they compare to what a senior dev can do with
           | Claude Code/Codex?
           | 
           | I bet you a senior could do with one good prompt to Claude
           | what a junior would take a day to do before AI - and take
           | time away from the senior.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | > I bet you a senior could do with one good prompt to
             | Claude what a junior would take a day to do before AI
             | 
             | It would still be a waste of a seniors time to write that
             | prompt. They should have more important things to spend
             | time on
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | And it's not a waste of their time to have to give
               | detailed requirements and troubleshooting steps to a
               | junior developer, constantly being interrupted, and then
               | having to check their work thoroughly?
               | 
               | If you have to be that detailed anyway - you might as
               | well use AI.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | No, teaching the next generation of humans is not a waste
               | of time
               | 
               | I'm very sorry for you that you think that way
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | So exactly how am I going to convince my management to
               | open a req for a junior developer who is not going to
               | help us meet our quarterly goals and take time away from
               | the other senior developers that will either have to work
               | longer hours or do less work?
               | 
               | I'm not going to work as a charity and neither are any of
               | my coworkers. We are all here to exchange labor for
               | money.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | _We_ as a collective need to convince our management of
               | this, but that needs to start with people getting their
               | heads out of their asses and working together instead of
               | this mercenary attitude you have
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | _I_ don't have to do anything except keep my head down,
               | do my job and enjoy my well earned autonomy. I'm
               | definitely not going to try to convince my skip, skip,
               | skip manager to change their hiring policies. It's not
               | like my line level manager has any power over anything
               | 
               | Even when I was at a startup before 2020 and I did have
               | the ear of the CTO and the founders I knew my ultimate
               | mission was to do what was needed to get acquired and
               | before that I knew exactly what my mission was when k was
               | hired to lead the tech initiatives as we were acquiring
               | companies "find efficiencies" and go public.
               | 
               | Or do you think I could have convince anyone of anything
               | as an L5 at AWS in the middle between architect at a
               | startup and my current company?
        
             | Blackthorn wrote:
             | Pretty favorably, because the coding agents suck.
        
         | threatofrain wrote:
         | Many juniors are actually very experienced but the industry
         | can't see that on paper.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | everyone was junior at one point, everyone. "junior" is just
         | age mate, just age...
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | It's interesting that the same dynamic is playing out on a much
         | larger scale with children. A child is far more helpless than a
         | junior engineer - at least a junior engineer can feed
         | themselves, wipe their own butt, avoid destroying the room, and
         | generally keep themselves alive. Everybody wants to offload the
         | cost of raising children to parents, because the economic
         | benefits aren't realized for 25+ years yet the costs are very
         | substantial (frequently, at least one parent's full-time
         | attention, costing them an income). Prospective parents are
         | saying "fuck that shit" and simply choosing not to have
         | children.
         | 
         | The long-term effects are going to be much like the effect of
         | the software industry turning away from juniors: total
         | collapse. When you have no workforce, you'll do no work - hell,
         | there is just...nothing, nonexistence, no consumers either. But
         | the fertility bust operates on a longer timescale (I think the
         | software industry will start feeling the dearth of juniors in
         | ~5 years, the economy as a whole won't feel the dearth of
         | children for ~5), and it's far more fundamental. Rather than
         | one industry disappearing, _all_ industries will disappear,
         | likely refactored into something that looks far different.
         | 
         | It also reminds me of those ecological predator/prey/locust
         | models that I studied in calculus class, where population
         | dynamics for many species have a tendency to overshoot the
         | carrying capacity of the environment. Each individual in the
         | population makes their own reproductive & survival decisions,
         | but the sum total of them leads to population collapse and a
         | near total extinction, followed by recovery once the survivors
         | find resources abundant again.
        
           | Root_Denied wrote:
           | It's basically a "Tragedy of the Commons" situation across
           | the board.
        
             | wazoox wrote:
             | Sort of. With the salient point that nothing really exists,
             | but the commons. The individual is nothing without the
             | whole society around.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Also sort of. _Some form_ of social organization seems to
               | be necessary for humans to function. But humans are also
               | pretty good (well - relatively speaking, it usually seems
               | to require a war or revolution) at changing that form of
               | social organization as technology, population, and
               | environmental conditions change.
               | 
               | I think this is a very likely outcome. We aren't going to
               | get continued population growth next generation; a
               | significant number of the people needed for it will never
               | be born. This is going to have ripple effects across wide
               | swaths of political and economic organization. But you'll
               | have pockets of population that basically barricade
               | themselves off from the wider economic world and insulate
               | themselves from its collapse, and then the people within
               | them, along with whatever form of social organization
               | they happen to adopt.
        
           | overfeed wrote:
           | > When you have no workforce, you'll do no work - hell, there
           | is just...nothing, nonexistence, no consumers either.
           | 
           |  _But for a beautiful moment in time, we created a lot of
           | value for shareholders_
           | 
           | https://www.insidehook.com/culture/story-tom-toro-new-
           | yorker...
        
         | thisisit wrote:
         | > Junior devs have always been useless
         | 
         | > The same ethos makes sense with AI, it's just that every
         | company is trying to avoid paying that training tax.
         | 
         | Last time when a junior dev was added to my team I had a
         | similar thought. But then talking with management I was
         | informed that things went beyond just training.
         | 
         | The company had a social responsibility pledge and
         | understanding with the local educational institutions. They had
         | to pledge to be part of the internship and hiring activities
         | every year. The company could not chose to be fair weather
         | friends and try to recruit people only when they saw fit.
         | 
         | The other aspect was cost. A team made of only senior engineers
         | was costly.
         | 
         | The last aspect was leveling up. Unless the company has lots of
         | levels the team might end up lots of engineers at the same
         | level. And with the inverted funnel nature of promotions it
         | meant some engineers might end up waiting years for the
         | promotion.
         | 
         | So, it was better to have teams with some junior, intermediate
         | and experienced engineers. That way costs and promotion flows
         | were controlled.
         | 
         | Now with AI the impact might go beyond junior devs. I see even
         | the intermediate devs being impacted. It is more likely that
         | companies think they can replace say 1 junior + 1 intermediate
         | with 1 junior dev with AI. Or something along those lines.
        
           | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
           | Then don't base comp on promotions - problem solved.
        
             | collingreen wrote:
             | This kind of flippant approach is equally valid as "just
             | use ai", "let other companies train the juniors", and
             | "don't give promotions just hire new juniors + ai". All of
             | these have obvious problems from their overly myopic
             | viewpoint.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | How is that flippant? I went from an "architect" over the
               | entire cloud developmrnt strategy at a 60 person startup
               | making $160K in 2020 to working at AWS ProServe making
               | $220K (cash + signing bonus + RSUs) as an L5 (mid level -
               | no longer there). Do you think I cared about my title?
               | 
               | I said just the opposite - hire fewer seniors + AI and
               | don't hird juniors.
               | 
               | I'm now a staff level employee again at a 3rd party
               | consulting company working with small and medium
               | businesses (my preference) after taking a detour in
               | BigTech from architectural roles at smaller companies. My
               | quarterly strategic goals were a combination of what the
               | CxO's/directors defined and what I defined was in the
               | best interest of the company. None of those goals had
               | anything to do with larger societal issues.
        
         | torginus wrote:
         | I think the idea of 'junior' needs to be refined a bit. By the
         | time I got my first job I've been coding for years, and have
         | built rather substantial things. In fact, in terms of pure
         | coding ability, I was probably past the initial, fast part of
         | my growth.
         | 
         | As should have others, which the university education system
         | should have made sure.
         | 
         | The fact that some people come out of 4+ years of software
         | engineering education utterly clueless means that they somehow
         | managed to dodge having to build anything, I think means that
         | they will never get good at any point in time, as they either
         | were very talented at dodging having to build things, and I
         | don't think that talent is going to abandon them, or they
         | couldn't really grasp the basics in an environment designed for
         | just that.
         | 
         | With that said, I think you can see for most juniors, what you
         | can expect out of them in terms of pure coding ability - sure a
         | lot of them have room to grow, but I've met so many great
         | people who were very young, yet were useful from day one.
         | 
         | In fact, if you have the willingness to grind away at some
         | problem, that puts you ahead of a significant amount of the
         | pack. I have had the misfortune of working with people who
         | lacked any demonstrable skill, and had coping strategies for
         | having to deal with any sort of hardship. Getting useful work
         | out of them was a challenge in of itself.
         | 
         | These people managed to get the years in to be considered
         | senior, and are probably dispensing their wisdom 'mentoring'
         | juniors somewhere else, and are no longer expected to actually
         | contribute to meaningful issues.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | I'm not sure if enthusiasts are the exception rather than the
           | norm? I've noticed in the last few years, a lot of junior
           | engineers do not have much active coding experience outside
           | of their university education, they aren't the traditional
           | "obsessed with computers and programming as kids".
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | There has been a much higher demand for software developers
             | over the past 10-15 years than there are people who are
             | obsessed with computers and programming
             | 
             | If you look at the general topic shift on HN over the years
             | it's obvious most people are getting into tech because they
             | want power and money, not for love of tech
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > If you look at the general topic shift on HN over the
               | years it's obvious most people are getting into tech
               | because they want power and money, not for love of tech
               | 
               | I think that is a bit presumptuous, even if there is a
               | hint of truth there. Just because a kid didn't grow up
               | around computers and programming shouldn't exclude them
               | from the tech path or mark them as imposters/pretenders.
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | I've had some who are useful almost out of school. The amount
         | of tickets is always growing and have someone pick up those
         | "when things calm down I swear I'll address this" tickets is
         | always helpful. If they can't get anything done by themselves
         | in the codebase then it gets much harder. I do also think that
         | some people have completely forgotten all the context they
         | didn't have when they started off xx years ago so mentoring is
         | not always very good
        
       | weatherlite wrote:
       | My nightmare scenario (which might start to materilize) is that
       | our last years in the industry will be becoming prompt monkies /
       | agent "managers" working on codebases we barely understand in
       | such velocity there's no way we can gain real understanding.
       | Whenever something breaks (and it will , a lot) A.I will fix it -
       | or so we'll hope. And the sad thing is - this might work; you'll
       | get more stuff done with fewer people. Sure, we didn't sign up
       | for this, it's not a fun job what I've described, but why should
       | management care? They have their own problems and A.I is
       | threatening their jobs as well.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | > My nightmare scenario (which might start to materilize) is
         | that our last years in the industry will be becoming prompt
         | monkies / agent "managers" working on codebases we barely
         | understand in such velocity there's no way we can gain real
         | understanding.
         | 
         | It will always be preferable to work on an understandable
         | codebase, because that maximizes the AI's affordances too. And
         | then the AI can explain things to you. A skilled human will
         | always have a lot of solid knowledge relating to their hyper-
         | specific niche that isn't part of your average general purpose
         | AI, so humans will obviously have a key role to play still.
        
         | oddsockmachine wrote:
         | I'm already seeing this in the company I recently joined:
         | 80-90% of code is generated/prompted. Big PRs, very little
         | review or oversight. Absolutely nobody considering long-term
         | architecture (and IMO nobody capable of such). In general,
         | there's very little critical thinking involved at any stage,
         | just throw error messages back into the LLM, rinse and repeat.
         | I'm hoping there's a world where people with skills are useful
         | in getting these projects back on track, but perhaps as a
         | society we're learning to accept this reduction in quality.
        
           | weatherlite wrote:
           | And how do u sum up the tradeoffs so far, or is it too early
           | to tell ? Do u see lots of unacceptable shit making into
           | production that wouldn't have before A.I for example ?
        
           | whateveracct wrote:
           | Your codebase is essentially becoming bytecode
        
         | braebo wrote:
         | At work we build enterprise software with stuff like
         | Kotlin+Spring + multiple NextJS apps + Microservices + Rust CAD
         | engine.
         | 
         | I haven't have written code aside from tweaking stuff here and
         | there in probably 3 or 4 months. Before that I wrote code by
         | hand every day for many years.
         | 
         | I've found a lot of fun parts of my new workflow that I enjoy.
         | I still miss being fully immersed in a problem deep in the
         | files... and sometimes it feels like homework reading so many
         | implementation summaries from Claude because the feature spans
         | 4 repos and is too much code to read. But I do love shaping the
         | code into different solutions exploring in a way that is unique
         | to ai native workflows. And I love building agent skills and
         | frameworks with/around them and expanding it out to more
         | aspects of the company or life -- there's deep work to be had
         | that still feels like hacking in the trenches. I get a lot of
         | the same satisfaction in different ways, and there's a lot of
         | exciting novelty to explore that was previously out of reach
         | due to time and energy constraints.
         | 
         | Also I don't like our backend stack and I hate React / NextJS
         | to the degree of derangement syndrome -- I am so happy that I
         | don't have to write it and I can just focus on UX, making
         | customers happy / lives easier / shaping the software into
         | better and better versions of itself at such a faster pace.
         | 
         | People who learned good software engineering intimately before
         | the inflection point are extremely lucky right now. Existential
         | dread and the stages of grief have been a part of the journey
         | for me too sadly, but there's a lot to celebrate and explore
         | with the right attitude.
        
           | tetraodonpuffer wrote:
           | I feel the same way, I have many years of experience, and I
           | have gone from writing everything by hand to using claude
           | code all the time (my latest company is very pro doing
           | everything with AI).
           | 
           | Since I have been a software architect for the past 7-8 years
           | it feels in some ways that that experience makes using claude
           | code a lot more productive than for my non-architect
           | colleagues, as I am able to steer it much more effectively
           | whether directly in sessions or via custom skills / mcp.
           | 
           | The big issues right now for me are hiring and manager
           | expectations, I changed positions last fall due to mass
           | layoffs and it took me 3 months to find one: having leetcode
           | interviews in the current climate seems completely useless,
           | even more than it was in the past, and system design
           | interviews are so formulaic it also feels like a crapshoot.
           | Plus every job getting hundreds of AI generated applications
           | makes actually being considered in the first place quite
           | difficult.
           | 
           | Manager expectations are also ridiculously inflated nowadays,
           | it seems most action items that come are claude written with
           | fantastical random statistics (if you add caching you can
           | make your backend 98.3% faster!), and it takes so much time
           | to fight this and unrealistic team velocity expectations.
           | 
           | Interesting times, I do feel lucky I have had a long career,
           | but I very much fear the ladder being pulled up even more
           | than it has been when outsourcing because widespread. I know
           | everybody says "things always change, new opportunities will
           | open up to compensate for the ones that are being lost" but
           | this time it does feel different, and not in a good way.
        
             | prescriptivist wrote:
             | Things are changing so fast and so chaotically with this
             | technology. I'm also writing everything now using Claude
             | code, and I've been thinking a lot about what this means
             | for my work moving forward. One thing I've noticed, is that
             | I will just keep hammering and hammering on my work until I
             | force myself to quit. Even on the weekend I feel the pull
             | to go work on it. I'm just less sort of mentally exhausted
             | by work, I suppose, but I don't think that's particularly
             | healthy if it leads to me working way more than I should.
             | On one hand, I think that's a reflection of how powerful
             | and exciting this technology is, but on the other hand, I
             | think that it triggers some different kind of reward
             | function in my mind that I'm not used to.
             | 
             | In any case, I think if one wants to continue to have a
             | career in this industry for years to come, it's basically
             | table stakes to become fluent in using these tools.
        
           | chris1993 wrote:
           | Similarly, I started using Claude to add some features to an
           | native app on iOS and Android in early January. That was so
           | successful (tooks days instead of weeks) I started applying
           | it to client work and basically haven't written any
           | substantial code since. A big change from around 40 years of
           | writing code pretty much every day and I'm enjoying the
           | increased velocity from not having to web search for API and
           | CSS syntax details.
           | 
           | My son, working in another dev company, reports the same - he
           | basically hasn't written much actual code for about three
           | months. It's a massive change.
        
         | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
         | It already happened. The old timers correctly observe that
         | modern applications are bloated and inefficient because of all
         | the heavyweight frameworks, excessive abstraction layers, and
         | "left-pad culture" where external dependencies are pulled in to
         | do the most trivial things but that these things enabled less
         | capable developers to effectively build software to fulfill
         | industry demand. LLM-only coders are just the next step in the
         | devolution.
        
         | dgellow wrote:
         | That's literally what
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47157039 seems to be
         | about, and I had the same reaction as you
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | It's interesting to watch industry after industry hollow itself
       | out from the inside then inevitably die long after all the
       | financial people, investment bankers and management consultants
       | have all cashed their checks.
       | 
       | Steve Jobs famously accurately called this out years ago [1].
       | 
       | Xerox, Boeing, PC manufacturers (who basically created the
       | Taiwanese makers through a series of short-term outsourcing
       | steps), etc. But there are two examples I want to talk about
       | specifically.
       | 
       | First, one lasting impact of the 2008 GFC was that entry-level
       | jobs disappeared. This devastated a generation of millenial
       | college graduates who suddenly had a mountain of student loan
       | debt (thanks to education costs outpacing inflation by a lot) but
       | suddenly no jobs. It became a bit of a joke to poke fun at such
       | people who had a ton of debt and worked as baristas but this was
       | a shallow "analysis". It was really a systemic collapse. Those
       | entry-level workers are your future senior workers and leaders.
       | Those jobs have never come back.
       | 
       | The rise of DVR/TiVo and ultimately streaming brought on a golden
       | age of TV in the 2000s. It was kind of the last hurrah for
       | network shows that produced 22 episodes a year before streamers
       | instead produced 8 episodes every 4 years.
       | 
       | But what made this system work was an ecosystem. Living in LA,
       | Atlanta and a few other places was relatively cheap so aspiring
       | actors and writers and entertainmnet professionals could get by
       | with secon djobs and relatively low income. These became the
       | future headline actors and senior professionals. Background work
       | and odd jobs were sufficient. Background work also taught people
       | how to be on a set.
       | 
       | Studios still had large writing staffs. Some writers would be on
       | set. Those writers were your future producers and showrunners.
       | 
       | Part of what supported all of this was syndication. That is,
       | networks produced shows and basic cable channels would pay to
       | rerun them. Syndicating some shows was incredibly profitable in
       | some cases (eg Seinfeld).
       | 
       | So the streamers came along and stripped things down. They got
       | rid of junior positions. They adopted so-called "mini writing
       | rooms". Those writers didn't tend to ever be on set. The runs
       | were shorter and an 8 episode series couldn't support a writer in
       | the same way a 22 episode series could. The streamers then were
       | largely showing just their own content so residuals and
       | syndication fees just went away.
       | 
       | All of this is short-term thinking. Hollywood has been both a
       | massive industry and a source of American soft power
       | internationally by spreading culture, basically.
       | 
       | I think the software engineering space is going through a similar
       | transformation to what happened to the entertainment industry. A
       | handful of people will do very well. AIs will destroy entry-level
       | jobs and basically destroy that company and industry's future.
       | 
       | I predict in 10-20 years we'll see China totally dominating this
       | space and a bunch of Linkedin "thought leaders" and politicians
       | will be standing around scratchin their heads asking "what
       | happened?"
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1WrHH-WtaA
        
         | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
         | I've seen a lot of hot takes on HN but faulting streamers for
         | the inability of Hollywood to adapt to cultural and
         | technological change is gonna require oven mitts. The rise of
         | streaming is a win for the little guy and the viewers against
         | Hollywood's capitalist entertainment oligopoly.
        
       | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
       | I did my first completely vibe coded not looking at a line of
       | code implementation last year and my second this year.
       | 
       | I could care less about why either Claude, Codex or before that a
       | developer was using a for loop or a while loop. I did and do care
       | about architecture.
       | 
       | I'm no more going to review every line of code with AI than I am
       | when I was delegating to more junior developers. I'm going to ask
       | Claude Code about how it implemented something where I know there
       | is an efficient way vs naive way, find and test corner cases via
       | manual and automated tests and do the same for functional and non
       | functional requirements.
        
       | ivanjermakov wrote:
       | Copying homework and cheating at exams don't make student learn.
       | 
       | It takes time to become a junior too. Emerging tech landscape
       | could affect skills and knowledge that is expected from entry
       | level job applicants.
        
       | sega_sai wrote:
       | I recently read a similar discussion in the context of AI in
       | science and PhD students. And the point the author was making
       | that the goal of having PhD students is _NOT_ to produce academic
       | research, but to train people. I think the same idea applies
       | here. Somebody still needs to train people, and the companies
       | will probably need to ensure that they have resources for that,
       | as there will not be enough senior people for all the tasks.
        
         | whattheheckheck wrote:
         | Back to fuedalism we go!
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | I understand that but try getting hired in industry as a PhD
         | with that argument.
        
       | hluska wrote:
       | > If I'm reviewing your code and I ask you why you went with a
       | certain approach, and you tell me "the AI suggested it", I've
       | immediately lost confidence in you.
       | 
       | I've experienced similar things and so understand the feeling,
       | but this is poor leadership. If someone on your team makes it all
       | the way to a code review and still thinks 'the AI suggested it',
       | you failed to train them, failed to set expectations and they
       | have justifiably lost more confidence in you than vice versa.
       | 
       | If we analyze the rest of the article through the lens of weak
       | leadership, it sounds less like an AI problem and more like a
       | corporate leadership problem.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | Problem is not making juniors useless. They kind of are by
       | definition. Problem is that now they have very little chance to
       | become seniors.
        
         | raegis wrote:
         | "juniors are useless": Maybe y'all should consider updating
         | this hyberbolic language. Nobody is born a "senior developer",
         | so surely all of your training as a "junior" is not useless.
         | There is always a disconnect between what younger people know
         | and what older people expect them to know, so training is
         | required almost universally.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | >"juniors are useless. Maybe y'all should consider updating
           | this hyberbolic language"
           | 
           | Don't be so dense. It is a figure of speech. We all were
           | useless at some point. Nothing to be ashamed of
        
       | mh2266 wrote:
       | This post, ironically, seems very likely to have been written by
       | an LLM :/
       | 
       | "it's not x, but y", with bonus em-dash:
       | 
       | > your value as a developer is not in your ability to ship code.
       | It's in your ability to look at code
       | 
       | "But here's the thing."
       | 
       | "And honestly?"
        
         | opem wrote:
         | I think so. Just go to the homepage, all of the thumbnails are
         | AI generated with clickbaity titles.
        
       | pelasaco wrote:
       | "AI is making junior devs useless" is a dangerous and incorrect
       | conclusion. If this idea is repeated too often, people may start
       | to believe it and even quit studying computer science altogether.
       | 
       | First of all, developers who only learn to code in a short
       | bootcamp are often not well prepared -- but that was already true
       | before AI. In the past, many junior developers were students who
       | were learning programming while studying, not just people who
       | took a quick Python course on Udemy.
       | 
       | Instead of declaring junior developers useless, we should raise
       | the standard: learn how to code properly, how to maintain code,
       | understand networks, and build strong foundations in math and
       | computer science. A well-trained junior developer is still
       | extremely valuable and will always be needed.
        
       | lenerdenator wrote:
       | You're going to have to do the unthinkable:
       | 
       | Invest in the training of your junior employees.
       | 
       | The cost of generating code is now laughable, so that's not the
       | economic value brought to the table by a junior engineer, or
       | really, any engineer. The value is now generated by _knowing what
       | code is good code_. You 're going to have to have talks, book
       | clubs, hackathons, and the like to get your juniors to know what
       | good code is. Do they know what design patterns are? How about
       | good architecture? If they can't name a few design patterns,
       | you're not investing enough.
        
       | thallavajhula wrote:
       | Just another silly uninformed take.
        
       | kshahkshah wrote:
       | I see so much creativity coming from young developers I just
       | can't agree. Yes most developers in the past 20 years who were
       | only chasing big tech money were useless. Good riddance
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | It also makes junior devs unobtainable. Because who in their
       | right mind is going to start a career in CS these days?
        
         | holtkam2 wrote:
         | Idk, anyone who wants to understand and apply the most powerful
         | and transformative technology in human history...?
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | 1. There isn't much to understand about this technology.
           | 
           | 2. Unlike in the past, you can't program the technology
           | without having billions in cash.
        
       | mdavid626 wrote:
       | It feels like to me that junior devs don't understand what they
       | even need to learn. They just use agentic coding to get things
       | done, without any deeper knowledge.
       | 
       | The worst is, they think they know exactly what they need to
       | learn, and also think they can make good decisions.
        
       | rishabhaiover wrote:
       | Every week, I read an article on the consequences of reliable
       | coding agents in SWE industry. All such discussions on HN leads
       | to a fundamental suspicion of the empirical scaling laws of LLMs
       | or the infinite greed and short-sightedness of the market in
       | inflating a bubble. I'm tired.
        
       | borzi wrote:
       | This is 100% an issue on the side of the senior developers.
       | Imagine saying "these juniors are useless" because you are making
       | them work in assembly, but C has just been released. You are
       | giving them menial work that is no longer required to do by
       | humans. Instead of giving them the task "update these email
       | templates", the norm should be: "create this new service that
       | automates an internal process". They will make mistakes and they
       | will learn - but what they will be doing is going to be very
       | useful and also give them chance to grow the necessary skills for
       | this new era, with the supervision of a senior.
        
         | JeremyNT wrote:
         | I think the issue is they used to make progress at a snails
         | pace and you had plenty of teachable moments.
         | 
         | Now anybody can vibe code something that seems to work with a
         | million landmines.
         | 
         | How can they develop the intuition around this given that they
         | don't know what they don't know? How can we review it and help
         | them get there?
         | 
         | Maybe we can figure it out, but I'm not sure it's easy or
         | obvious.
        
           | borzi wrote:
           | By making them walk into the landmines and forcing them to
           | fix it - that is how everyone became a good programmer. It's
           | just the scope that has changed.
        
       | daxfohl wrote:
       | Nah, it makes _teams_ useless. Maybe not quite yet, but soon, one
       | engineer will be able to do a few sprint teams ' worth of work,
       | and deliver features orders of magnitude faster than a team
       | working in parallel. Yeah, generally at first this will be
       | seniors only. But before long, a junior will be able to come in
       | and learn to manage one sprint team's worth of work under the
       | guidance of a senior and partnered with a PM, and grow the
       | product from there. Long term, I imagine 90% workforce reduction
       | will be the norm. Just about all software is a rinse and repeat
       | of some other software, not much true innovation, so picking and
       | choosing and implementing some other software's feature into your
       | own will start to become trivial single-day projects from start
       | to finish. Hopefully AI creates some new industries that SWEs can
       | roll into, but I'm feeling more doomer every day.
        
         | borzi wrote:
         | Yeap, and people are still forcing juniors to make small code
         | changes when they should be learning by creating entire apps on
         | their own, deploying them, etc. WITH a senior giving them
         | feedback occasionally. I think people are going to take a while
         | to catch on though, for better or worse....
        
           | daxfohl wrote:
           | Yeah, IMO one of the first things we'll see change is more of
           | a migration back to monoliths. Right now adding a feature has
           | to go through multiple teams, a dozen services, a coordinated
           | implementation and deployment schedule, a Byzantine and often
           | manual set of integration tests, etc. Yeah AI can help with
           | that, but the point is that AI doesn't need it. On a
           | monolith, it sucks for dev teams because parallel development
           | at large scale is difficult and other teams' bugs can delay
           | the launch of your unrelated project. Hence, microservices
           | became popular. With AI, development happens so fast that
           | it's largely serial. So there's no real coordination needed.
           | A whole feature is one PR, one set of tests, one app to run
           | locally if you want, one deployment, one thing to look at and
           | roll back if there's a bug. Creates a virtuous cycle all the
           | way up.
           | 
           | I imagine lots of established companies will struggle
           | migrating back to that pattern, but I have to think most new
           | companies will head in that direction, which should let them
           | catch up quickly.
           | 
           | Anyway that's my take. We'll see.
        
       | guax wrote:
       | Ai might bring forward the standardisation we never had. If
       | coding dynamics shift enough then all the opinions about
       | libraries and engines and frameworks might get less focused on
       | readability and more on efficiency and easy composition by Ai.
       | 
       | Security gets outsourced to audited layers and Ai does the stupid
       | boring jobs of gluing them together. Some developers become more
       | specialised and niche, some pivot to product, some pivot to other
       | areas.
       | 
       | There are plenty of people who joined software for the payout and
       | hate it. Plenty of people who grown to hate it over time.
       | 
       | I've been enjoying using it to figure out toy projects but paying
       | an API and depending on a service to code is very sour. I really
       | hope hardware specialises and local models become good enough.
       | Gate keeping development on centralised services would be a loss
       | for everyone and ripe for dystopian outcomes.
        
       | opem wrote:
       | Is this writeup AI generated?
        
       | keeda wrote:
       | I maintain that in the future, any person wishing to learn _any_
       | skill (not just coding!) will need to willingly eschew the use of
       | AI when learning until they have  "built the muscles". The
       | literature is clear that repeated, hands-on practice is really
       | the only way to build skills.
       | 
       | I suspect the progression will be "No AI until intuition
       | (whatever that is for that skill)" -> "Gradual use of AI to
       | understand where it falls short" -> "AI native expert".
       | 
       | How to actually implement this at scale is still TBD ;-)
       | Ironically, AI will be invaluable for this e.g. as a hyper-
       | personalized tutor but it will also present an irresistible
       | temptation to offload the hands-on practice. We already have
       | studies indicating the former is helpful but the latter stifles
       | mastery. At this point I can only see self-discipline as a
       | mechanism to willingly avoid AI.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, our testing-oriented education system only serves
       | to incentivize over-reliance on AI (Goodhart's Law etc.) None of
       | our current institutions and processes are suited for what is
       | already happening and will only accelerate from here on. Things
       | will need to change radically.
       | 
       | For this reason, I once predicted apprenticeships will be a thing
       | again, and already there are signs with Microsoft's preceptorship
       | proposal: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3779312
       | 
       | This is highly encouraging because a tech giant is not only
       | acknowledging the problem, but proposing a solution. Not a
       | complete solution by far but at least a start.
        
       | h4kunamata wrote:
       | The silver line is not to avoid AI but to use it wisely, and this
       | is coming from somebody who used to hate AI.
       | 
       | I am not a Python developer or developer for the matter but
       | Perplexity AI did help me to understand the bsic of Python for
       | API requests and get projects delivery with 94% code coverage and
       | vulnerability free.
       | 
       | AI also reduced the time spent with Ansible playbook generation,
       | but I do know Ansible, I do know Linux, homelab is my hobby so I
       | am not just doing copy and paste. I review whatever it generates
       | and correct it when required.
       | 
       | In the companies I have worked and work, I see developers
       | themselves confessing "I used AI, it works but idk how"!
       | 
       | AI itself does not make you useless, only and only if you used it
       | as a smart search engine.
       | 
       | If you are doing copy/paste, you are going to get so screwed
       | professionally speaking.
       | 
       | Folks are no longer learning and what they are doing, AI can do
       | on its own.
       | 
       | That is making some developer useless.
        
       | cryptonector wrote:
       | > > For someone like you, who likely has years of experience
       | without LLMs, your brain totally understands good code/bad code,
       | good architecture, and just general intuition around code and
       | systems. LLMs must be an absolute gamechanger. But for someone
       | like me who is starting out in this field, how am I supposed to
       | build the years of experience and intuition that comes from
       | manually writing code and building systems when companies are
       | expecting AI to be used from here on out?
       | 
       | Answer: juniors need to work with seniors, and the seniors need
       | to teach the juniors, and the juniors need to learn to use LLMs
       | to _learn_ , not just to do the work.
        
       | ramon156 wrote:
       | Next year I'm going to experience my first junior, which is crazy
       | considering I have 3 YOE. Nonetheless I'm very curious what kind
       | of graduates come out of the current education
        
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