[HN Gopher] A new California law says all operating systems need...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A new California law says all operating systems need to have age
       verification
        
       Author : WalterSobchak
       Score  : 209 points
       Date   : 2026-02-27 14:55 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.pcgamer.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.pcgamer.com)
        
       | glenstein wrote:
       | As noted at the end of the article, I suspect the impact for many
       | OS's is going to be that they add a line in the fine print
       | somewhere saying not for use in California.
        
         | kgwxd wrote:
         | You're assuming they don't want this just as much as the
         | government. Still feel fine about self-installed Linux, but
         | every OS and device we don't have control over, even ones
         | powered by Linux, will be very happy to include it, assuming
         | it's not too difficult to add.
        
         | BirAdam wrote:
         | Already the case for MidnightBSD.
        
           | buu700 wrote:
           | Confirmed: https://lunduke.substack.com/p/midnightbsd-
           | responds-to-calif...
        
       | dpoloncsak wrote:
       | I'm under the impression anyone doing nefarious things online are
       | probably more-than tech savvy enough to not install an OS that
       | rats them out...right?
       | 
       | Isnt that literally one of the first rules of the DNM Bible?
        
         | taraindara wrote:
         | Will kids raised on it not know anything different? Seems a
         | path to reduce computer literacy. Then again, being blocked
         | from doing something I wanted is what lead me to find ways
         | around said block. But I already had unrestricted access to the
         | system to bend it to my will. Seems like these kinds of systems
         | won't allow for the user to learn how to works at all. It's a
         | mystery box.
        
         | hnav wrote:
         | One thing that's happening is that attestation is being plumbed
         | into the web itself. CloudFlare and Apple have a collab where
         | Safari will inject tokens that let CF know that the request is
         | coming from a blessed device. In a world where all websites are
         | being crushed by bot traffic, expect that Goog pushes on their
         | own integrity initiative in Chrome in the next year or two.
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | I guess, if you can install the OS yourself, that's adult
         | enough to see whatever adults are doing online.
        
       | wasmainiac wrote:
       | Does not require verification, no biggie, this is essentially a
       | parental control system.
        
         | gustavus wrote:
         | No but then the next step is "well we need a way to enforce it
         | because people are just lying about their age".
         | 
         | I guess let me show a slope I found over here, just past the
         | boiling frogs, watch your footing though, it's recently been
         | greased and is quite steep.
        
           | wasmainiac wrote:
           | I agree, I don't like it as much as you do. I'm just saying
           | nothing short of a mandated TPM will actually enforce this. I
           | think they know that.
           | 
           | I think this is mostly for show to stay relevant wrt. What is
           | happening in the courts. This is the Same play as it always
           | been for registration "are you over the age of 13?"
        
             | Mountain_Skies wrote:
             | Which begs the question if Microsoft's stubborn insistence
             | on TPM 2.0 for Windows 11 to operate was something planned
             | out in advance of this law being proposed.
        
             | gizmo686 wrote:
             | How does a TPM stop people from lying about their age?
        
           | kgwxd wrote:
           | I was just at some .gov site from another HN post. It asked
           | are you Over 18, I clicked No out of curiosity. Showed Access
           | Denied, but the buttons stayed. I clicked Yes, and got in. I
           | don't attribute to stupidity that which is clear malice.
           | They'd don't actually give a flying fuck about what "kids"
           | can get to, they only care about controlling everyone, of
           | every age, as much as they possibly can.
        
         | avaer wrote:
         | Keep in mind this forced parental control system in the OS is
         | supposedly because of app stores.
         | 
         | So we're already pretty deep in the law deciding what shape of
         | computing you're allowed to do. What makes you think it will
         | stop here?
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | Overton window.
         | 
         | Wedge.
        
           | lioeters wrote:
           | Then ratchet.
        
         | jmholla wrote:
         | As others have pointed out, this is just a foot in the door.
         | There's also a part of the law this article doesn't cover that
         | requires EVERY application to query this information on every
         | launch, regardless of whether or not the application has any
         | age related limitations.
        
           | davorak wrote:
           | The language I found was:
           | 
           | > when the application is downloaded and launched
           | 
           | So it looks like the law only requires it on first launch.
           | Which makes sense if the application can only be run from
           | that one account. Apps that can be launched from multiple
           | accounts are not singled out in the law, but the spirt of the
           | law would have you checking what account is launching the app
           | and are they in the correct age range.
        
             | jmholla wrote:
             | That's not a guarantee. It's up to how the courts interpret
             | that and. Given that this law is meant to handle a moving
             | target like age, I fully expect them to interpret it as its
             | disjunctive form.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | Sure, I'll ask where the user is located, and if they choose
       | California, I'll ask them for their age. And if they choose over
       | 21 I'll scold them for voting for Gavin.
        
         | jmholla wrote:
         | Colorado is trying to copy this law right now, too.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | Ask where the user is located and if they choose California
         | tell them that your website/service/OS isn't available for
         | users in CA because you will not be complying with this law and
         | they'll have to go elsewhere.
        
       | uniq7 wrote:
       | You know the non-governmental organization "Save the Children"?
       | Maybe it's time to create a new one called "Fuck the Children" to
       | defend people from these laws designed to mine privacy under the
       | pretense of protecting minors.
        
         | theandrewbailey wrote:
         | I was thinking "Save the freedom", but your idea works too.
        
         | calgoo wrote:
         | Well, you might actually get support from the Epsteinian class
         | ruling the US.
        
           | Mountain_Skies wrote:
           | And their MAP allies.
        
         | rolph wrote:
         | literally.
         | 
         | when you force someone to signal status as a minor, you are
         | forcing them to wear a target, hostiles will not have so much
         | work to find minors, now they only have to contact, groom, and
         | offend.
         | 
         | this proposed law actually endangers minors.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | The fact that bill breaks kids down by specific age groups
           | makes it seem even creepier. Want to target 13-16 year olds?
           | Prefer kids under the age of 13? California is helping
           | predators by making sure they can tell which group every
           | child's username falls under!
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | Ghislaine Maxwell asks where to send her CV in, she's going to
         | be available for work soon...
        
         | boznz wrote:
         | Not the best choice of words, but I get what you're saying.
        
         | nomdep wrote:
         | Ironically, the "Save the Children" people tend to be the most
         | pro "Fuck the Children" in secret. Literally
        
       | jrmg wrote:
       | The actual bill:
       | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtm...
       | 
       | Bill text (it's longer, but the rest is mostly definitions of the
       | terms used here):
       | 
       |  _1798.501. (a) An operating system provider shall do all of the
       | following:
       | 
       | (1) Provide an accessible interface at account setup that
       | requires an account holder to indicate the birth date, age, or
       | both, of the user of that device for the purpose of providing a
       | signal regarding the user's age bracket to applications available
       | in a covered application store.
       | 
       | (2) Provide a developer who has requested a signal with respect
       | to a particular user with a digital signal via a reasonably
       | consistent real-time application programming interface that
       | identifies, at a minimum, which of the following categories
       | pertains to the user:
       | 
       | (A) Under 13 years of age.
       | 
       | (B) At least 13 years of age and under 16 years of age.
       | 
       | (C) At least 16 years of age and under 18 years of age.
       | 
       | (D) At least 18 years of age.
       | 
       | (3) Send only the minimum amount of information necessary to
       | comply with this title and shall not share the digital signal
       | information with a third party for a purpose not required by this
       | title.
       | 
       | (b) (1) A developer shall request a signal with respect to a
       | particular user from an operating system provider or a covered
       | application store when the application is downloaded and
       | launched.
       | 
       | (2) (A) A developer that receives a signal pursuant to this title
       | shall be deemed to have actual knowledge of the age range of the
       | user to whom that signal pertains across all platforms of the
       | application and points of access of the application even if the
       | developer willfully disregards the signal.
       | 
       | (B) A developer shall not willfully disregard internal clear and
       | convincing information otherwise available to the developer that
       | indicates that a user's age is different than the age bracket
       | data indicated by a signal provided by an operating system
       | provider or a covered application store.
       | 
       | (3) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a developer shall
       | treat a signal received pursuant to this title as the primary
       | indicator of a user's age range for purposes of determining the
       | user's age.
       | 
       | (B) If a developer has internal clear and convincing information
       | that a user's age is different than the age indicated by a signal
       | received pursuant to this title, the developer shall use that
       | information as the primary indicator of the user's age.
       | 
       | (4) A developer that receives a signal pursuant to this title
       | shall use that signal to comply with applicable law but shall not
       | do either of the following:
       | 
       | (A) Request more information from an operating system provider or
       | a covered application store than the minimum amount of
       | information necessary to comply with this title.
       | 
       | (B) Share the signal with a third party for a purpose not
       | required by this title._
        
         | frshgts wrote:
         | The definitions of the terms are completely bananas
         | 
         | The language is so broad it seems to cover all software that
         | exists and is accessible via the internet, and every install of
         | an operating system on any kind of machine
         | 
         | > (c) "Application" means a software application that may be
         | run or directed by a user on a computer, a mobile device, or
         | any other general purpose computing device that can access a
         | covered application store or download an application.
         | 
         | > "Covered application store" means a publicly available
         | internet website, software application, online service, or
         | platform that distributes and facilitates the download of
         | applications from third-party developers to users of a
         | computer, a mobile device, or any other general purpose
         | computing that can access a covered application store or can
         | download an application.
         | 
         | > "Operating system provider" means a person or entity that
         | develops, licenses, or controls the operating system software
         | on a computer, mobile device, or any other general purpose
         | computing device.
         | 
         | So any piece of software you can download from the internet
         | will be required to check this "signal" made available by the
         | os?
        
           | jrmg wrote:
           | Yes, that's clearly the intent of the bill (note I'm not
           | commenting on the wisdom of this idea!)
        
           | frshgts wrote:
           | good to know that `grep` will have to check how old i tell my
           | os i am before it will do anything
        
             | davorak wrote:
             | Which seems like a silly accidental overreach of the law.
             | If that is the way it applies.
             | 
             | The literal reading of the law says this only required when
             | a child is the primary user of the device.
             | 
             | > (b) (1) A developer shall request a signal with respect
             | to a particular user from an operating system provider or a
             | covered application store when the application is
             | downloaded and launched.
             | 
             | but 'user' here is:
             | 
             | > (i) "User" means a child that is the primary user of the
             | device.
             | 
             | So these rules should only apply to accounts/devices where
             | a child is the primary user.
             | 
             | Grep on an adult's machine would not need to check how old
             | you are, at least with a literal reading of the law.
        
               | frshgts wrote:
               | How else but the signal could it determine whether the
               | user is an adult or not?
        
               | davorak wrote:
               | I do not think the law provides guidance here. The signal
               | is only required when children are the primary
               | device/account users. So one model would be any initial
               | account set up is automatically considered the 'account
               | holder' and not a child account. Then it would be
               | prerogative of the 'account holder' to set up child
               | accounts or not. That seems to fit into the spirt and
               | literal parts of the law.
               | 
               | So grep/ls/etc are all installed as part of that 'account
               | holder' and do not need to do any age verification.
               | 
               | The signal only needs to be checked when the
               | device/account user is a child and when downloading apps.
               | I think an unfortunate consequence here is that the
               | literal definition of the law says package managers
               | probably can not run on children accounts without jumping
               | through a bunch of hoops. Which is bad for children
               | learning code/computers/etc.
               | 
               | The first thing I would change about this law would be:
               | 
               | > (b) (1) A developer shall request a signal with respect
               | to a particular user from an operating system provider or
               | a covered application store when the application is
               | downloaded and launched.
               | 
               | Any application that does not need to know a users age
               | should not be required request the 'signal'
        
               | singron wrote:
               | The whole point of the bill is to create a cause of
               | action for the Attorney General to sue companies. In the
               | bill, they say the damages are up to $2,500 per
               | negligently affected child ($7,500 if intentional), so it
               | doesn't matter how many non-children it affects. E.g. if
               | the OS/appstore/accounts/application is in the context of
               | a workplace that only employs adults, none of this
               | matters.
        
           | hnburnsy wrote:
           | So my Garmin watch, my Home Assistant OS, maybe even my
           | Shelly devices?
           | 
           | I want to know who is behind these laws like this one and the
           | 3D printer gun verification, that seem to pop up across state
           | legislatures all at the same time.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | It sure sounds like my Arduino is subject to this since it
             | can download a sketch and run it when hooked to my PC
        
           | general1465 wrote:
           | > "Covered application store" means a publicly available
           | internet website,
           | 
           | Client side JavaScript can be considered an application, and
           | then ad business would need to first verify that I am over 18
           | in order to allow me to see their ads.
           | 
           | Ultimate ad blocker.
        
             | wtallis wrote:
             | A majority of the news articles that won't load when using
             | NoScript give an error message to the effect of "this
             | application requires JavaScript". It would be nice to see
             | all the unjustified overuse of heavy JS application
             | frameworks for what could have been simple web pages lead
             | to some significant negative consequences.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | This law means that your operating system has to collect
             | your age and make it avilable to every website/application
             | so ad businesses can just get that data from our OS
             | automatically and go right on serving ads without having to
             | verify anything themselves.
        
               | general1465 wrote:
               | Yes, the presence of such mandatory kill switch is what
               | makes it ultimate adblocker.
        
         | jmholla wrote:
         | Two important definitions that might surprise people:
         | 
         |  _(a) (1) "Account holder" means an individual who is at least
         | 18 years of age or a parent or legal guardian of a user who is
         | under 18 years of age in the state._
         | 
         |  _(a) (2) "Account holder" does not include a parent of an
         | emancipated minor or a parent or legal guardian who is not
         | associated with a user's device._
         | 
         |  _(i) "User" means a child that is the primary user of the
         | device._
         | 
         | User is the most surprising here. It really should just be
         | minors, or non-emancipated minors. Further, I think there are
         | interesting ways the definition of _account holder_ and _user_
         | combined play out in interpreting the rest of the law.
        
         | whynotmaybe wrote:
         | How does that apply to windows server with active directory for
         | a school ?
         | 
         | Does that mean that the admin will have to manage dob of every
         | student when creating accounts ?
         | 
         | > A developer shall not willfully disregard internal clear and
         | convincing information otherwise available to the developer
         | that indicates that a user's age is different than the age
         | bracket data indicated by a signal provided by an operating
         | system provider or a covered application store.
         | 
         | >If a developer has internal clear and convincing information
         | that a user's age is different than the age indicated by a
         | signal received pursuant to this title, the developer shall use
         | that information as the primary indicator of the user's age.
         | 
         | So, I have a button "I'm older than 18" on my app but the
         | signal is "under 13", I can decide that the user is older than
         | 18 ?
        
           | cptroot wrote:
           | So because there is no requirement for the age to be
           | accurate, it would be pretty easy to say "all student
           | accounts are the age of the youngest allowed school entrant
           | for that school year", right? That resolves the age issue and
           | also prevents both PII leakage as well as possible school
           | bullying opportunities.
        
       | cjs_ac wrote:
       | Ignoring all the tedious 'no, you're a bad person for having
       | different priorities and beliefs to me' comments that this will
       | inevitably inspire, I have to ask: why does the operating system
       | need to be involved in this? The intended target of the
       | regulation seems to be app stores.
       | 
       | Someone has fallen victim to Politician's Logic:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vidzkYnaf6Y
        
         | fuzzy2 wrote:
         | It's not just local apps that are potential consumers of this
         | information. Websites would also be interested.
         | 
         | The "why" is also clear: deflecting/shifting responsibility.
        
         | perching_aix wrote:
         | Because that's the first layer that deals with user accounts,
         | and subsequent layers commonly base off of identity information
         | stored in there. Just like how and why every other shared
         | interface exists.
        
         | davorak wrote:
         | > why does the operating system need to be involved in this?
         | 
         | The goal in my mind is to have an account a parent can setup
         | for their child. This account is set up by an account with more
         | permissions access. Then the app store depends on that OS level
         | feature to tell what apps are can be offered to the account.
         | 
         | Let say the the age questions happen when you install the app
         | store. That means if you can install the app store while logged
         | in as the child account the child can answer whatever they want
         | and get access to apps out side of their age range. The law
         | could require the app to be installable and configurable from a
         | different account then given access or installed on the child
         | account, however at a glance that seem a larger hurdle than an
         | os/account level parental control features.
         | 
         | The headline calls this age verification, but the quote in the
         | article "(2) Provide a developer who...years of age." Make it
         | sound way different and much more reasonable than what discord
         | is doing.
         | 
         | I would much rather have OSs be mandated with parental control
         | features than what discord is currently doing. I am going to
         | read the bill later but here is how discord age verification
         | could work under this law.
         | 
         | During account creation discord access a browser level api and
         | verifies it server side. discord no knows if the OS account is
         | label as for someone under 13 years, over 13 and under 16, over
         | 16 and under 18, or over 18. Then sets their discord account
         | with the appropriate access.
         | 
         | No face scan, no third party, and no government ID required.
        
           | beej71 wrote:
           | > The goal in my mind is to have an account a parent can
           | setup for their child. This account is set up by an account
           | with more permissions access. Then the app store depends on
           | that OS level feature to tell what apps are can be offered to
           | the account.
           | 
           | That sounds like an OS feature that parents would like to
           | have. Probably has some market value. Maybe just let the
           | market figure that one out.
           | 
           | Or, we could have an overbroad law passed that torpedoes
           | every open-source OS in existence. If I were MS, Google, or
           | Apple, that'd be a great side benefit of this law. Heck, they
           | probably already have this functionality in place.
           | 
           | The problem here is legally-mandated age verification, not
           | where it is placed (although forcing it into all OSes is
           | absolutely ...). The gains are minimal for children and the
           | losses are gigantic for children and adults. I'm not keen to
           | have children avoid blisters by cutting off their feet.
           | 
           | Put control back with the parents. Let them buy tech that
           | restricts their children's access. This law doesn't protect
           | children from the mountains of damaging content online.
           | 
           | And let all the adults run Linux if they want to without
           | requiring Torvalds to put some kind of age question in the
           | kernel and needing `ls` to check it every single run.
        
             | davorak wrote:
             | > That sounds like an OS feature that parents would like to
             | have. Probably has some market value. Maybe just let the
             | market figure that one out.
             | 
             | If there was a competitive market for OSs this probably
             | would work, but we do not really have that. Getting the
             | market to be competitive likely either takes considerable
             | time, or other forms of government intervention. If there
             | really was a competitive market then this would have been a
             | solved problem ~15-20 years ago since parents have been
             | complaining about this for ~25-30 years at this point.
             | 
             | > Or, we could have an overbroad law passed that torpedoes
             | every open-source OS in existence. If I were MS, Google, or
             | Apple, that'd be a great side benefit of this law. Heck,
             | they probably already have this functionality in place.
             | 
             | I do not think the law does that. Either a additional
             | feature making age/birth date entry and age bracket query
             | available, or indicated the os is not intended for use in
             | California, both seem to let developers continue along like
             | normal. edit Or, I think, indicate that it is not for use
             | by children.
             | 
             | > The problem here is legally-mandated age verification,
             | not where it is placed (although forcing it into all OSes
             | is absolutely ...). The gains are minimal for children and
             | the losses are gigantic for children and adults. I'm not
             | keen to have children avoid blisters by cutting off their
             | feet.
             | 
             | In this case the mandate is entering an age/birth date at
             | account creation where you can lie about said age/birth
             | date. The benefit is the ability of an adult to set up
             | parental controls for a child account.
             | 
             | > Put control back with the parents. Let them buy tech that
             | restricts their children's access. This law doesn't protect
             | children from the mountains of damaging content online.
             | 
             | This puts control in the parents hands. When they set up
             | their child's account they can put in their child's age, or
             | not, they can make it an adult account.
             | 
             | > And let all the adults run Linux if they want to without
             | requiring Torvalds to put some kind of age question in the
             | kernel and needing `ls` to check it every single run.
             | 
             | So from the literal reading of the law the age checks are
             | only required when "a child that is the primary user of the
             | device". It does not need to effect accounts where the
             | primary user is not a child. Nor does it seem like any
             | application needs to run the check every time the
             | application is launched.
             | 
             | The law unfortunately does require:
             | 
             | > (b) (1) A developer shall request a signal with respect
             | to a particular user from an operating system provider or a
             | covered application store when the application is
             | downloaded and launched.
             | 
             | So in the case where a child is the primary account/device
             | user. The app needs to request the signal at least once
             | when first launched, though it is not required to do
             | anything with it. Delegating that to the package manager
             | would make sense, but this part of the law should be
             | modified, apps that can not use the signal for anything
             | should not be required to request it, 'ls' for example.
        
           | why_at wrote:
           | I agree. The headline says "all operating systems, including
           | Linux, need to have some form of age verification at account
           | setup", which is pretty inaccurate.
           | 
           | It's just asking for some OS feature to report age. There's
           | no verification during account setup. The app store or
           | whatever will be doing verification by asking the OS. Still
           | dumb to write this into law, but maybe not a bad way to
           | handle the whole age verification panic we're going through.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | _> why does the operating system need to be involved in this?_
         | 
         | Well, the politicians probably meant to say "Apple, Google,
         | Microsoft, plus maybe Sony and Nintendo"
         | 
         | i.e. the companies that already have biometrics, nigh-mandatory
         | user accounts, app stores linked to real identities, parental
         | controls, locked down attested kernels, and so on.
         | 
         | If phones had workable parental controls that let parents opt
         | their kid into censorship, that's better than the give-your-
         | passport-to-the-porn-site approach the UK have taken.
         | 
         | Of course if they have applied it to every OS, not just the big
         | corporate-controlled options, that's a dumb choice.
        
           | beej71 wrote:
           | > Of course if they have applied it to every OS, not just the
           | big corporate-controlled options, that's a dumb choice.
           | 
           | I guess we'll just have to trust that our legislators are
           | technologically savvy...
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Companies like OpenAI are advocating for this because it shifts
         | the burden of responsibility off them. They don't have to age
         | verifying Microsoft is handling that for them.
        
           | leptons wrote:
           | As a startup owner, if there has to be age verification, then
           | I'm all for doing that at the OS level. As a human with
           | privacy concerns, I'll continue using Linux.
        
             | NewsaHackO wrote:
             | So basically, you have no morals? Weird thing to admit
             | online, but whatever.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | You're on hacker news, a double digit percentage of
               | posters think that doing whatever you can get away with
               | is moral.
               | 
               | Look at the thread on Block's layoffs while they are
               | profitable.
        
               | NewsaHackO wrote:
               | I know, but it's just weird that there are people who
               | have such strong conviction that they would risk their
               | reputation, livelihood, or lives for it. Then there are
               | people like above who, even though they know it is a huge
               | privacy violation, they are willing to back it because it
               | would make their business a little more profitable. Just
               | boggles the mind.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | Where the hell did I ever say I backed any of it? You are
               | making up shit in your head that simply is not there.
               | Maybe you need a reality check, or go back to reddit.
               | 
               | What I did say was:
               | 
               | > _if there has to be age verification_
               | 
               | That is far, far different than saying I want that shit.
               | I do not make the laws, and I wouldn't vote for it
               | either, so please, get your head out of your ass.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | That's a really random take on my comment. I'm not sure
               | where you got "you have no morals" from my comment, but
               | maybe you are trolling me?
               | 
               |  _I 'm not the one making laws about age verification, so
               | I'm not sure how you get off blaming me for anything._
        
             | asyx wrote:
             | I think doing this on an OS level might be the most privacy
             | focused way to do this but the issue is that this is not
             | going to be the way this is implemented.
             | 
             | Like, I'm not American and in Germany we have ID cards that
             | actually have your age encoded on an NFC chip in the card
             | and an ID number that encodes the age. Like, age is part of
             | the ID number and checksum.
             | 
             | You could totally do all of this age verification offline
             | on device and just expose an API that offers the age of the
             | user to applications. You'd never need to talk to the
             | internet for this, the API just says if you are a minor or
             | adult, the browser can pass that to websites who don't need
             | to collect personal data and everything is fine.
             | 
             | But that's not going to happen. It's gonna be some AI
             | facial recognition kinda garbage that is gonna send your
             | face in every angle to Apple or Microsoft or another third
             | party.
             | 
             | As is common these days they are going to try really hard
             | to absolve you as the user of any responsibility for the
             | sake of protecting kids so they can't let this be a simple
             | offline thing where your personal information never ever
             | have to leave the device because what if kids find a way
             | around it? Well the obvious answer is don't let your kids
             | just use a computer without supervision but if people would
             | do that we'd not be in need of this garbage anyway.
        
         | bo1024 wrote:
         | I don't know, but arguably the OS version is better for
         | privacy, as each app can just trust the signal sent by the OS
         | instead of collecting a bunch of personal/biometric data.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | until they decide that the OS now needs to collect a bunch of
           | personal/biometric data to avoid people lying about their age
           | or tricking the OS into sending a different signal than the
           | OS should.
        
         | packetlost wrote:
         | Because it's the lowest common denominator between the user and
         | every online interaction. The bill basically says provide a
         | date-of-birth as metadata to accounts and provide an API to
         | query the age bracket, not even the age, of the user to
         | applications. It's a privacy-aware, mostly reasonable approach
         | that shifts responsibility to the owner/administrator of a
         | device to enforce it. It's basically just mandating parental
         | controls.
        
           | zeta0134 wrote:
           | I'm trying to understand how this is even a bad thing. Where
           | is the privacy invading verification? Surely a given OS can
           | implement the API response however it wants? If you're root,
           | tell me your age. If you're not, (a child account), the admin
           | (their parent) sets the age. Seems fine?
        
             | Muromec wrote:
             | Well, it's not a bad thing. And if you can root your own
             | computer, that's adult enough
        
             | Veserv wrote:
             | Even ignoring everything else, at a minimum it is
             | backwards.
             | 
             | There is no reason to tell the application, and by
             | extension their developers, how old the user is. The
             | application should tell the user what bracket it is
             | appropriate for and then the operating system could filter
             | appropriately without any of the user's identifying
             | information leaving their system.
             | 
             | This is also technically superior because it moves the
             | logic for filtering out of being custom implemented by each
             | and every single application to a central common user-
             | controlled location; you do not have to rely on every
             | application developer doing it right simultaneously.
        
               | packetlost wrote:
               | It's a lot easier to add an API that's opt-in for an
               | application that needs it. What's the appropriate way an
               | OS should handle an application that doesn't declare this
               | new property? Fail open? Fail closed? It would quickly
               | turn into a mess. IMO it's better to do it this way
               | because the applications that need it (browsers, chat
               | clients, etc.) will use it to provide legal shielding.
               | This isn't a technical problem they're trying to solve,
               | it's a legal liability one. I generally like this
               | approach, but I think there's no reason to mandate that
               | an application use the API, just mandate that if they do
               | they are considered to have real knowledge of the age
               | range of the user in question. If you provide the API,
               | the _incentive to use it is already there for the
               | applications it 's needed for the most._
        
               | Veserv wrote:
               | So a application that wants to filter will categorize
               | their services privately and then write custom filtering
               | logic, but will not just categorize their services
               | publicly? That is nonsense.
               | 
               | And your point about fail open versus closed also makes
               | no sense since if there are zero repercussions to not
               | writing filtering logic then nobody would even bother. If
               | there is liability, then obviously everybody will fail
               | closed and every application developer needs to evaluate
               | and change their application to only allow acceptable
               | usage. This is much harder if they have to write custom
               | filtering logic instead of just publishing their data
               | categorization.
        
         | Sophira wrote:
         | I think the answer is quite simply: Follow the money. General-
         | purpose computing is scary to big, soulless corporations. They
         | want you to rely on _them_ , not to be able to do stuff
         | yourself. (They want to keep that power for themselves.)
         | 
         | Age verification is the quickest road to ending general-purpose
         | computing, because it plays on people's knee-jerk emotions. It
         | won't do it by itself, but it'll goes a long way towards it.
        
           | buu700 wrote:
           | Year after year, we continue to prove Cory Doctorow right:
           | https://boingboing.net/2011/12/27/the-coming-war-on-
           | general-...
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Extremely stupid that this will fall on the OS.
       | 
       | Accomplishes three things: Demonizes age verification, big tech
       | gets to dodge it, cedes more control of your PC.
        
       | egorfine wrote:
       | Ah, so _this_ is what Lennart Poettering has been cooking? [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46784572
        
       | 982307932084 wrote:
       | Looking forward to resisting the regime.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | I'm thinking that I should grab a current Linux distro image
         | while I can...
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Ok. No more linux in california. Forget silicon valley. Forget
       | all the supercomputers at research establishments. Forget all the
       | smart TVs. Forget all the cars with in-dash computers. Let's see
       | how long california can keep its lights on without embedded
       | linux.
       | 
       | In all seriousness, rather than comply, linux distros should
       | enforce this law. Any linux install that detects itself being in
       | california should automatically shutdown with a loud error
       | message. I give it a week before a madmax situation develops.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | How expensive do you expect such an API to cost to make? It's
         | pretty simple.
        
           | dismalaf wrote:
           | Considering the law requires _every_ app to do it, pretty
           | expensive.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Compliance is always easier than resistance. Want to keep
           | software free? Freedom has costs.
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | Free software doesn't mean that it can or should break the
             | law. That is entirely tangential.
        
         | wakawaka28 wrote:
         | It would have to be done at the license level and with
         | litigation. Anything relying on code to be added, would be
         | removed. And probably, trying to do the license thing would
         | force some people to fork the software.
        
       | Mars008 wrote:
       | Next step will be reporting potentially unlawful activities.
        
       | crumpled wrote:
       | Is Github an application store? Is npm? apt? yum?
       | 
       | If not, why not? You need age verification before you even create
       | an account.
        
         | beej71 wrote:
         | Is `ls` an application? Is `cat`?
         | 
         | This thing is so broadly-written, the only thing saving you
         | from needing to give you age to your toaster is that it's not a
         | "general-purpose" computing device. Never mind that it can run
         | DOOM...
        
           | hn_acc1 wrote:
           | Do you download `ls` from anything resembling an "app store"?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | like apt? or ftp.example.com?
             | 
             | also: what's download? in embedded sphere, flashing a
             | firmware is often reffered to as download. That's an
             | industry standard term.
        
       | rhinoceraptor wrote:
       | How wouldn't this also apply to things like useradd(8) or simply
       | automated user account setup, e.g. like cups, sshd, etc? Do we
       | need to add this to vi for use in vipw on UNIX?
        
         | boznz wrote:
         | ..or "browse as guest" on a chromebook?
        
         | beej71 wrote:
         | All good questions the legislators had no idea even existed.
        
           | ewzimm wrote:
           | useradd has the Other category at setup. Could you argue that
           | anything which allows arbitrary text information to be input
           | into a user account that could be passed on to other
           | applications technically fulfills the requirement, as the
           | user could indicate age on the account?
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | Worse. Google has to add this to all the machines in their data
         | centers? Imagine the expansion of DevOps BS this will enable:
         | 
         | Vendors will need support stuff like "account holder is 12msec
         | old, and can access adult content". They can even create a
         | special certification for it.
        
           | Muromec wrote:
           | So... That was the new market that all the ai-layoffs have
           | freed the much needed labor for
        
           | p0w3n3d wrote:
           | Imagine unattended installations... Which stop to ask you for
           | the age
        
         | singron wrote:
         | "User" in the bill actually means child, so cups etc. don't
         | apply.
        
       | OutOfHere wrote:
       | It's getting to be time for tech firms to leave California.
        
       | TJSomething wrote:
       | Is this a weird attempt at device verification?
        
       | throw03172019 wrote:
       | Are lawmakers bored? Who is asking for this? Not the tax paying
       | citizens.
        
         | tonymet wrote:
         | Lobbyists for intelligence agencies. It's part of de-
         | anonymization so you can be punished for speech online. See UK
         | , Germany and Australia
        
           | NitpickLawyer wrote:
           | > Lobbyists for intelligence agencies.
           | 
           | I think it's one peg below intel agencies. It's the local gov
           | agencies that want that power. The 3 letter peeps can already
           | tell who writes what, both at scale and targeted.
        
             | tonymet wrote:
             | I mean the entire public and private industry . And you're
             | right this will empower local law enforcement
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | Interesting theory considering that this California approach
           | does not de-anonymize you, and the approach Germany is
           | working on, as part of an EU wide effort, also does not de-
           | anonymize you.
        
             | tonymet wrote:
             | baby steps
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Parents who are fed up with social media and tech companies
         | taking no social responsibility.
         | 
         | These companies have fewer ethics than a minimum-wage liquor
         | store clerk when it comes to caring about the age of their
         | users.
        
           | sunaookami wrote:
           | Parents are lazy and don't want to do what parents should do
           | and cry to the state that they should do it.
        
           | outime wrote:
           | Will those parents get fed up of themselves not taking
           | parenting responsibility?
        
       | TomMasz wrote:
       | This sounds like one of those laws that get used not so much to
       | force compliance, but to punish noncompliance as part of a larger
       | case.
        
       | dathinab wrote:
       | > [..] requires an account holder to _indicate_ [..]
       | 
       | i.e. this doesn't require age verification at all
       | 
       | just a user profile age property
       | 
       | > [..] interface that identifies, at a minimum, which of the
       | following _categories_ pertains to the user [..]
       | 
       | so you have to give apps and similar a 13+,16+,18+,21+ hint (for
       | US)
       | 
       | if combined with parent controls and reasonably implemented this
       | can archive pretty much anything you need "causal" age
       | verification for
       | 
       | - without any identification of the person, its just an age
       | setting and parent controls do allow parents to make sure it's
       | correct
       | 
       | - without face scans or similar AI
       | 
       | - without device attestation/non open operating systems/hardware
       | 
       | like any such things, it should have some added constraints (e.g.
       | "for products sold with preinstalled operating system", "personal
       | OS only" etc.)
       | 
       | but this gets surprisingly close to allowing "good enough privacy
       | respecting" age verification
       | 
       | the main risk I see is that
       | 
       | - I might have missed some bad parts parts
       | 
       | - companies like MS, Google, Apple have interest in pushing
       | malicious "industry" standards which are over-enginered, involve
       | stuff like device attestation and IRL-persona identification to
       | create an artificial moat/lock out of any "open/cost free" OS
       | competition (i.e. Linux Desktop, people installing their own OS
       | etc.).
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | "causal" age verification == for games, porn etc. not for opening
       | a bank account, taking a loan etc. But all of that need full IRL
       | person identification anyway so we can ignore it's use case for
       | any child protection age verification law
       | 
       | ----
       | 
       | it's still not perfect, by asking every day daily used software
       | can find the birthdate. But vendors could take additional steps
       | to reduce this risk in various ways, through never perfect. But
       | nothing is perfekt.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Enforcement is also easy:
       | 
       | Any company _selling_ in California has to comply, any other case
       | is a niche product and for now doesn't matter anyway in the large
       | picture.
        
         | timhh wrote:
         | > i.e. this doesn't require age verification at all, just a
         | user profile age property
         | 
         | This is usually how they do it though. First make a dumb law
         | with poor enforcement. People don't push back about it because
         | it obviously won't be enforced. Wait a bit, then say "people
         | are flagrantly violating this law, we need better enforcement".
         | At that point it's a lot harder to say "it shouldn't be a law
         | at all!" because nobody complained when it was brought into
         | law.
        
           | braingravy wrote:
           | Isn't it more of a reflection of the current law? Age gates
           | have long been self service (e.g., "enter your birthday"),
           | and we have laws on the books for quite some time barring
           | minors.
           | 
           | There is certainly a risk of what you're describing with KYC
           | tech that coming online, but I don't know if that means it
           | will happen.
           | 
           | To play devils advocate; It's a reasonable demand from
           | parents to control what their children are exposed to. This
           | seems to support that.
        
       | monday_ wrote:
       | One could cope that this regulation can not apply to Linux or
       | other OSS operating systems. But this is only true unless the
       | bootloaders on consumer devices are mandated to be closed next.
       | 
       | We already have Secure Boot, the infrastructure is in place. It
       | is currently optional, but a law like this can change that.
        
         | maemre wrote:
         | The law is written so broadly, I think it applies to them
         | already:
         | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtm...
         | 
         | > (c) "Application" means a software application that may be
         | run or directed by a user on a computer, a mobile device, or
         | any other general purpose computing device that can access a
         | covered application store or download an application.
         | 
         | This is basically any program.
         | 
         | > (e) (1) "Covered application store" means a publicly
         | available internet website, software application, online
         | service, or platform that distributes and facilitates the
         | download of applications from third-party developers to users
         | of a computer, a mobile device, or any other general purpose
         | computing that can access a covered application store or can
         | download an application.
         | 
         | This would include any package manager like dnf/apt/pacman/etc.
         | They facilitate download of applications from third parties.
         | 
         | > (g) "Operating system provider" means a person or entity that
         | develops, licenses, or controls the operating system software
         | on a computer, mobile device, or any other general purpose
         | computing device.
         | 
         | This sounds to me like it would include distro maintainers.
         | They develop and/or control the OS. Also, would this include
         | the kernel devs? How would they be responsible for the myriad
         | of package managers.
         | 
         | The overall law reeks of politicians not knowing what they're
         | legislating.
        
       | boznz wrote:
       | How will this work with the numerous "Hobby" Operating Systems
       | out there ?
        
         | bananamogul wrote:
         | You have to ask yourself, I guess.
         | 
         | "Self, are you 18 years old?" "Why, yes I am." "OK, self,
         | please fill out a 27B stroke 6 form in your head." "I've
         | completed it." "OK, self, I've validated it."
         | 
         |  _useradd..._
        
       | bananamogul wrote:
       | I really hate this new world where one jurisdiction - California,
       | Europe, wherever - makes a law and suddenly every other
       | jurisdiction has to comply because the law-making jurisdiction is
       | big enough that tech companies can't abandon it.
       | 
       | And since it doesn't make sense to have dozens of different
       | versions of their apps, they write to the strictest
       | jurisdiction's laws.
       | 
       | If everyone has the power to make laws that apply to
       | everyone...it's chaos.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | Beige PCs. Made to comply with German workplace-equipment laws.
         | Yes, the Bundestag legislated the color of office equipment.
         | That has always been the way of fhe world.
        
           | rpdillon wrote:
           | Wow, TIL. Thanks for mentioning this. I ran across this as I
           | was researching the background:
           | 
           | > The "beige box" era was largely the result of strict German
           | workplace ergonomics standards (specifically the TUV and DIN
           | standards) that became the de facto rules for the entire
           | global industry. The law didn't explicitly say "thou shalt
           | use beige," but the regulations were so specific about light
           | reflectivity and eye strain that beige (or "computer gray")
           | was essentially the only compliant option.
        
       | rzerowan wrote:
       | Hmm i think at te moment its only Linux that has by default local
       | only accounts except if being used in some sort of SSO
       | environment .
       | 
       | Microsoft has been pushing aggressively to deprecate the local
       | and funnel everyone to Microsoft online accounts , while Android
       | and macOS/iOS are already in such a state by default.
       | 
       | Coupled with the same accounts being used for online login, looks
       | like a feature creep panopticon in the making. With Linux lucking
       | out be default.
        
         | rzerowan wrote:
         | why the downvotes on this?
        
       | fangpenlin wrote:
       | There's an obvious theme with lawmakers in California--they pass
       | laws to regulate things they have zero clue about, add them to
       | their achievement page, cheer for themselves, and declare,
       | "There! I've made the world a better place." There are just too
       | many examples. For instance:
       | 
       | - Microstamping requirements for guns--printing a unique barcode
       | on every bullet casing (Glock gen3 cannot be retired, thus, the
       | auto-mode switch bug cannot be patched...)
       | 
       | - 3D printers should have a magical algorithm to recognize all
       | gun parts in their tiny embedded systems
       | 
       | - Now, you need to verify your age... on your microwave?
       | 
       | At this rate, California should just go back to the Stone Age.
       | Modern technology is simply not compatible with clueless
       | politicians who are more eager to virtue-signal than to solve any
       | actual problems or even borther to study the subject about the
       | law they are going to pass. There will be more and more
       | technology restrictions (or outright bans on use) in California
       | because it's becoming impossible to operate anything here without
       | getting sued or running afoul of some overreaching regulation.
        
         | burnt-resistor wrote:
         | Not just 3D printers but all subtractive CNC machines too.
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Frankly, look at how hard it was to make a sten. Even just a
           | lathe and a welder is likely sufficient.
        
         | 9x39 wrote:
         | I'm more curious in the genesis of these laws, whether their
         | sponsors received written suggestions or ghostwritten bills,
         | etc. as a form of parallel construction.
         | 
         | It seems all at once, everywhere that many groups that have a
         | vested interest in forcing precedent and compliance of non-
         | anonymous access across the computer world. It smacks of
         | something less-than-organic.
        
           | almosthere wrote:
           | Death threats mainly. Personally I think it would be easier
           | if they just made it so that platforms ran a tiny LLM against
           | the content that will be posted - determined if it is a death
           | threat, then require them to be identified before it's
           | posted, then it would solve a lot of these problems.
           | 
           | TLDR: Evil people be doxxed internally not everyone.
        
             | bigfishrunning wrote:
             | a "tiny large language model"? lol
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | Yeah, a small one that is cheaper because they'll be
               | processing billions of messages per year.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Good thing all the kind people doing death threats won't
               | just bypass it?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | That turns jokes into contracts that nobody wants. Bad
             | idea.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | This law doesn't do anything that prevents non-anonymous
           | access. Here's how you would access things anonymously if you
           | bought a new computer that implemented this.
           | 
           | 1. When you set up your account and it asks for your
           | birthdate, make up any date you want that is at least far
           | enough in the past to indicate an age older that what any
           | site you might use that checks age requires.
           | 
           | 2. Access things the way you've always done. All that has
           | changed is that things that care about age checks find out
           | you claim to be old enough.
           | 
           | The only people it actually materially affects on your new
           | computer are people who cannot set up their own accounts,
           | such as children if you have set up permissions so they have
           | to get you to make their accounts.
           | 
           | Then if you want you can enter a birthdate that gives an age
           | that says non-adult, so sites that check age will block them.
           | 
           | From a privacy and anonymity perspective this is essentially
           | equivalent to sites that ask "Are you 18+?" and let you in if
           | you click "yes" and block you if you click "no". It is just
           | doing the asking locally and caching the result.
        
             | ohhnoodont wrote:
             | I agree. I feel the flow of having browsers send some flag
             | to sites is the most privacy-preserving approach to this
             | whole topic. The system owner creates a "child" account
             | that has the flag set by the OS and prevents the execution
             | of unsanctioned software.
             | 
             | This puts the responsibility back on parents to do the bare
             | minimum required in moderating their child's activities.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | What would be even more privacy preserving would be to
               | mandate sites to send age appropriateness headers
               | (mainstream porn sites already do this voluntarily).
               | 
               | Possibly it could be further mandated that the OS collect
               | relevant rating information for each account and provide
               | APIs with which browsers and other software could
               | implement filtering.
               | 
               | And possibly it could be further mandated that web
               | browser adopt support for this filtering standard.
               | 
               | And if you want a really crazy idea you could pass a law
               | mandating that parents configure parental controls on
               | devices of children under (say) 12 and attach civil
               | penalties for repeated failure to do so.
               | 
               | There's never any need for information about the user to
               | be sent off to third parties, nor should we adopt schemes
               | that will inevitably provide ammo for those advocating
               | attested digital platforms.
        
           | carefulfungi wrote:
           | I was curious about your question and googled. Here's the
           | legislative history of the law: https://leginfo.legislature.c
           | a.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtm....
           | 
           | Reading the first analysis PDF:
           | 
           | > This bill, sponsored by the International Centre for
           | Missing and Exploited Children and Children Now, seeks to
           | require device and operating systems manufacturers to develop
           | an age assurance signal that will be sent to application
           | developers informing them of the age-bracket of the user who
           | is downloading their application or entering their website.
           | Depending on the age range of the user, a parent or guardian
           | will have to consent prior to the user being allowed access
           | to the platform. The bill presents a potentially elegant
           | solution to a vexing problem underpinning many efforts to
           | protect children online. However, there are several details
           | to be worked out on the bill to ensure technical feasibility
           | and that it strikes the appropriate balance between parental
           | control and the autonomy of children, particularly older
           | teens. The bill is supported by several parents'
           | organizations, including Parents for School Options, Protect
           | our Kids, and Parents Support for Online Learning. In
           | addition, the TransLatin Coalition and The Source LGBT+
           | Center are in support. The bill is opposed by Oakland
           | Privacy, TechNet, and Chamber of Progress.
        
         | johnea wrote:
         | I'm, again, glad to run linux. The distro I run has no
         | affiliated online "account" at all, and I would expect this
         | exempts it from the requirement.
         | 
         | I'm no democrat, although I'm sure as hell no republican, and
         | as a resident of the state, I'm also a routine critic of the
         | California state government.
         | 
         | I agree that a lot of their activities are indeed, performance
         | art in nature.
         | 
         | However I do agree with the identification requirements on guns
         | and ammo.
         | 
         | You can't shoot someone with a computer, no matter what OS you
         | run.
         | 
         | The idea that lethal weaponry is the same as any other consumer
         | product is just not accurate.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Political office in general attracts the sort of people who
           | like the "performance art" parts of it. It doesn't attract
           | the sorts of people who like "getting things done" because
           | the political process by design moves at a snail's pace, and
           | if you actually solved problems you would remove issues run
           | on in the next campaign.
        
           | anonym29 wrote:
           | It's about as easy to restrict the proliferation of firearms
           | and ammunition as it is to restrict the proliferation of open
           | source software. Anyone can make functional firearms out of
           | supplies from any hardware store, this is true regardless of
           | how many laws you pass. Look at the weapon that was used to
           | assassinate Shinzo Abe. That was manufactured and used in a
           | country with gun control laws that basically make
           | California's gun control look indistinguishable from Texas.
           | No number of laws have ever or will ever stop criminals with
           | a rudimentary grasp of basic physics and basic chemistry.
           | 
           | You can't put the genie of firearms back in the bottle any
           | more than Hollywood can put the genie of p2p file sharing
           | back in the bottle. Trying to do so is like trying to
           | unscramble eggs. It doesn't matter how valid your desires or
           | justifications for attempting to so are, it's an act of
           | banging your own head against the cold, hard wall of reality.
        
             | collingreen wrote:
             | It's a logical mistake to say that because an extremely
             | motivated person can still cause harm somehow that implies
             | no regulation or policy can have any positive impact
             | anywhere.
             | 
             | I don't have a stance here on what "the right" policies
             | around gun control are but it is clearly a much wider field
             | than just a preplanned assassination with diy parts.
             | 
             | A non-exhaustive list of a few very different scenarios
             | that are all involved with anything touching or rejecting
             | gun control:
             | 
             | - highly motivated, DIY-in-the-basement assassination plots
             | like you mentioned - hunting for food - hunting for fun -
             | wilderness safety - organized crime and gang related
             | violence - mass shootings at things like concerts, sporting
             | events, colleges. Sub point of mass shootings at schools
             | where the law requires children to be. - gun violence
             | involved with suddenly escalating impromptu violence like
             | road rage and street/bar fights - systematic intimidation /
             | domestic terrorism of particular groups or areas - gun
             | related suicides
             | 
             | All of these are very very different. None of them have
             | perfect answers but that doesn't make thinking about it "an
             | act of banging your own head against the cold, hard wall of
             | reality" nor does it make anyone interested in working on
             | some of these problems naive or stupid like you imply.
             | 
             | If you're being earnest or maybe jaded, I'd say dont give
             | up hope and don't let perfect be the enemy of good.
             | 
             | If you're just being a dick then so be it, maybe someone
             | else gets something out of this comment.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | > It's a logical mistake to say that because an extremely
               | motivated person can still cause harm somehow that
               | implies no regulation or policy can have any positive
               | impact anywhere
               | 
               | That kind of mistake is common here, but I don't think it
               | is due to a failure of logic. I think it is something
               | deeper.
               | 
               | I've noticed that people who have worked deeply and/or a
               | long time as developers tend to lose the ability to see
               | things as a continuum. They see them as quantized, often
               | as binary.
               | 
               | That's also why there are so many slippery slope
               | arguments made around here that go from even the most
               | mild initial step almost immediately to a dystopian
               | hellscape.
               | 
               | This is prevalent enough that it arguably should be
               | considered an occupational hazard for developers and the
               | resultant damage to non-binary thinking ability
               | considered to be a work related mental disability with
               | treatment for it covered by workers compensation.
               | 
               | A way to protect against developing this condition is to
               | early in your career seriously study something where you
               | have to do a lot of non-binary thinking and there are
               | often aren't any fully right answers.
               | 
               | A good start would be make part of the degree requirement
               | for a bachelor's degree in computer science (and maybe
               | any hard science or engineering) in common law countries
               | a semester of contract law and a semester of torts. Teach
               | these exactly like those same courses are taught in first
               | year law school. Both contracts and torts are full of
               | things that require flexible, non-binary, thinking.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | This doesn't have anything to do with democrats and
           | republicans, considering that this bill passed unanimously
           | through every committee and both chambers.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | _> You can 't shoot someone with a computer, no matter what
           | OS you run._
           | 
           | No, you can just target-lock them. The computer database (and
           | now, LLM) is probably the biggest threat to freedom in
           | existence. You can keep your popgun. They'll know where it
           | is, and come with bigger ones.
           | 
           | China be doing some pretty heavy-duty damage with computers,
           | but age-gates won't stop them.
        
         | wtallis wrote:
         | > Now, you need to verify your age... on your microwave?
         | 
         | Anyone buying or selling a microwave _with an app store_
         | deserves this mess.
        
           | mikestew wrote:
           | Downvoter (and GP) didn't RTFA. This is addressed in the
           | parts of the law TFA quotes.
        
         | AceJohnny2 wrote:
         | > _There 's an obvious theme with lawmakers in California_
         | 
         | You can remove the _in California_
        
           | _blackhawk_ wrote:
           | this
        
           | SllX wrote:
           | Yeah but let's not and say we didn't.
        
             | avtar wrote:
             | I guess let's say we also add Colorado to the growing list
             | 
             | https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/SB26-051
        
           | almosthere wrote:
           | Young people generalize everything and end up not solving
           | problems.
           | 
           | Older people have already seen all the patterns, and realize
           | you have to focus on specifics, and that helps clean up the
           | general issue.
        
             | roenxi wrote:
             | The old people's tolerance for general problems is why the
             | general problems persist.
             | 
             | A realistic dynamic is the old people are comfortable with
             | the general problems and have positioned themselves to
             | benefit from them. Indeed, they solved the general problems
             | that troubled them in their youth with political activism
             | in their middle age. The young people have different
             | political needs that require general problems to be solved.
             | 
             | Also young people have a terrible track record of actually
             | identifying problems, they are pretty clueless in the main.
        
           | shitlord wrote:
           | Policies enacted elsewhere usually don't have the Brussels
           | Effect.
        
         | randomNumber7 wrote:
         | Technology is currently worring for a lot of people so the
         | moronic response is to simply reject it.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | The incentives are all wrong. You can serve up to 6 two-year
         | terms in the Assembly or up to 3 four-year terms in the Senate,
         | but regardless of which combination you do, nobody in the
         | California legislature can serve more than 12 years combined
         | across both Houses of the legislature.
         | 
         | So we don't have professional legislatures with long-term
         | electability incentives or leadership goals, we have a resume-
         | building exercise that we call the legislature. They're all
         | interchangeable and within 12 years, 100% of it will be changed
         | out.
        
           | zdragnar wrote:
           | And yet, term limits are something many people want in the
           | hopes that it will solve some of the problems in Washington
           | DC.
           | 
           | There, the professional legislators can't get anything right
           | either.
           | 
           | Do you think there's a middle ground of increasing the term
           | limits to, say, 18 or 20 years?
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | Age limits might be an alternative. Say at 65 or 70.
             | 
             | That's at an age where wizened legislators can move into
             | advisory roles, instead of needing to find a next career.
        
             | pwthornton wrote:
             | Term limits are anti-democratic, and it's just a way for
             | voters to not take responsibility for their voting.
             | 
             | A much more real issue is actually age limits. If someone
             | starts in the Senate at 40 and serves for 24 years, term
             | limits hardly seem to be the big issue. They are retiring
             | at a normal time, and they should still be functioning at a
             | high level.
             | 
             | Conversely, someone who gets elected at 70 and then gets
             | term-limited at 82 is still over a normal, reasonable
             | retirement age. The typical 82 is not in the physical or
             | mental condition to be taking on such an important, high-
             | stakes role.
             | 
             | Both of my parents are in their mid-70s and are in very
             | good mental health for their age. They are very lucid, and
             | my Dad still works part-time as a lawyer. They are also
             | clearly not at the same intellectual powers they were a
             | decade or two ago. Some of it can even just come down to
             | energy levels. I have to imagine being a good legislator
             | requires high energy levels.
             | 
             | Many public companies have age limits for board members,
             | and they even have traditional retirement ages for CEOs. In
             | the corporate world where results matter, there is a
             | recognition that a high-stress, high-workload, high-
             | cognitiative ability job is not something that someone
             | should be doing well past their prime.
             | 
             | Al Gore had to leave the Apple board because he turned 75.
             | In the U.S. Senate, there are 16 people 75 and older.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | > Term limits are anti-democratic, and it's just a way
               | for voters to not take responsibility for their voting.
               | 
               | That is one aspect, but not the important one. The most
               | important element is anti-corruption. Legal bodies can
               | always entrench themselves and their own interests. Term
               | limits significantly weakens entrenchment...excepting
               | when the same legal bodies inevitably gut it.
        
             | SllX wrote:
             | > And yet, term limits are something many people want in
             | the hopes that it will solve some of the problems in
             | Washington DC.
             | 
             | Plenty of shitty ideas are popular based on a hope and a
             | prayer. That's why you don't give in to populism. If we're
             | to impose any kind of limits on Congress, it has to be more
             | intelligent than term limits.
        
           | roenxi wrote:
           | > So we don't have professional legislatures with long-term
           | electability incentives or leadership goals
           | 
           | Raises an interesting question of who is less popular, the
           | Californian government or the US Senate. The experiments with
           | long-term professional legislatures have generally not been
           | very promising - rather than statesmen it tends to be people
           | with a certain limpet-like staying power and a limpet-like
           | ability to learn from their mistakes. In almost all cases
           | people's political solution is just "well we didn't try my
           | idea hard enough" and increasing their tenure in office
           | doesn't really help the overall situation.
        
             | SllX wrote:
             | Bold of you to assume any aspect of the California State
             | legislature is visible enough to be more _or_ less popular.
             | People at least pay attention to what the US Senate does,
             | and you know that no matter how the next election goes, the
             | US Senate as one body is unlikely to go very far off the
             | deep end in one direction or the other.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | The interesting middle ground might be to prohibit anyone
             | from serving more than two _contiguous_ terms in the Senate
             | or four in the House. Then if you 've done your two terms
             | in the Senate, you can run for a House seat, do three terms
             | there and then your old Senate seat is back up for
             | reelection. Except your old Senate seat now has a new
             | incumbent who is only on their first term and you're
             | running as the challenger. Meanwhile there are more seats
             | in the House than the Senate, so if you hit your limit in
             | the House you could go work for an administrative agency or
             | run for a state-level office for two years and then come
             | back, but then you're the challenger again.
             | 
             | The result is that you can stay as long as people keep
             | voting you back in, but you lose the incumbency advantage
             | and end up with a higher turnover rate without ending up
             | with a 100% turnover rate. And you make them learn how
             | other parts of the government work. It wouldn't hurt a bit
             | to see long-term members of Congress do a two-year stint in
             | an administrative agency once in a while.
        
           | martin-t wrote:
           | > professional legislatures
           | 
           | That should not be a profession.
           | 
           | Decisions should be made by people who are the most informed
           | about the subject matter. By definition you cannot have
           | someone who is the most informed about everything.
        
         | SunshineTheCat wrote:
         | > they pass laws to regulate things they have zero clue about
         | 
         | While you are correct with this statement in this context, I
         | would say it applies to most things in government in general.
         | 
         | The vast majority of lawmakers have zero experience solving any
         | real world problems and are content spending everyone else's
         | money to play pretend at doing so.
         | 
         | The reality is, most government "solutions" cause more problems
         | than they solve, after which, they blame their predecessors for
         | all the problems they caused and the cycle continues.
        
           | Hammershaft wrote:
           | It's true, and yet there are real market failures that even a
           | very ineffective government can improve on dramatically, like
           | innovation & research output via basic science.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | _most government "solutions" cause more problems than they
           | solve_
           | 
           | Zero basis in fact. We're in the wealthiest nation on the
           | planet. Most of us live better than any previous generation.
           | To claim all that success is completely in spite of
           | government is ridiculous.
        
           | ericb wrote:
           | I see Massachusetts as sort of the non-insane liberal
           | counterpoint to California.
           | 
           | Things work here and nobody seems to be passing the "oops my
           | unintended side effects and clueless regulations messed
           | things up horribly." Or, if they do, it is at something like
           | 1/10th the level.
           | 
           | We didn't start warning label spam everywhere. We don't have
           | weird propositions that causing run-away housing prices.
           | There aren't bar codes on our 3d printers, or cookie banner
           | requirements on every website. Well, ok we do, but _that
           | nonsense all came in from other places._
           | 
           | We did pass laws to lower PFAS/PFOAS. That seems reasonable.
           | Government _can_ work.
        
             | wredcoll wrote:
             | > We don't have weird propositions that causing run-away
             | housing prices.
             | 
             | Most of those are a reaction rather than the cause. People
             | want to move to california, it creates a different set of
             | problems for california vs Massachusetts
        
           | wredcoll wrote:
           | > The reality is, most government "solutions" cause more
           | problems than they solve
           | 
           | The "reality" is that propaganda heavily encourages you to
           | ignore the government successes and only focus on the
           | failures. I'll leave it as an exercise for the reader to
           | determine who benefits from that.
        
         | idle_zealot wrote:
         | What I'm reading of this law is that it requires OS developers
         | to require users _select_ their age (really their age bracket)
         | when making a user account, and an interface for applications
         | /websites to read that user-provided field. I.e. not age
         | verification, but just a standard way to identify if a user is
         | on a child account. If that understanding is correct, how is
         | this bad _at all_? It 's a way to put to rest people's concerns
         | and pearl-clutching over children accessing adult content
         | without every individual app and service provider contracting
         | with Palantir to scan you and guess your age. Instead they can
         | just read the IsAdult header and call it a day. What's the cost
         | to user-freedom? You have to be presented a Date of Birth field
         | or I Am an Adult / Teen / Child selector when setting up a
         | device... a thing that every operating system impacted by this
         | law _already does_.
        
           | bawolff wrote:
           | All the better to do targeted advertisments and
           | underdeveloped minds!
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | This is exactly the sort of infrastructure that would make
             | it super easy to pass a law banning tracking and
             | advertising to minors. Once every platform can trivially
             | detect when they should turn off the ads there's no
             | reasonable counter-argument about privacy or feasibility.
        
           | hilsdev wrote:
           | Why should it be law? I am a developer in California, and a
           | long time Linux nerd. If I were to release a hobby on my
           | GitHub for fun, without age verification, am I now subject to
           | fines? Imprisonment? Why should their be a legal requirement?
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | As with any law like this, it should apply to systems made
             | for normal end-users with over some minimum number of
             | users. If your hobby Linux distro picks up a million home
             | users then yeah, you're responsible for making it suitable
             | for purpose for as long as you're distributing it. It's the
             | same with accessibility requirements, safety requirements,
             | labor laws, etc.
             | 
             | If California starts knocking on the door of random distros
             | and hobby OSes designed for power users or servers with
             | 2000 average monthly downloads then I'll go to bat
             | defending them.
             | 
             | Though to re-iterate, I'm pretty sure the requirements here
             | are for asking a user to set an age, not to do age
             | verification, so if you _did_ want to comply it would mean
             | adding a Date field to your setup flow and then wiring that
             | up to applications that ask for it.
        
         | eleventyseven wrote:
         | Headline is wrong, and you didn't read the article. There is no
         | verification requirement. You are a bad HN poster and should
         | feel bad.
         | 
         | All this does is require the user to select a non-verified age
         | bracket on first boot. You can lie, just like porn sites today.
         | I thought HNers wanted parents to govern their children's use
         | of technology with these kinds of mechanisms.
         | 
         | > There's an obvious theme with lawmakers in California--they
         | pass laws to regulate things they have zero clue about, add
         | them to their achievement page, cheer for themselves, and
         | declare, "There! I've made the world a better place."
         | 
         | There's an obvious theme with HN posters about politics--they
         | make cheap drive-by comments about regulations they have zero
         | clue about, based on articles they haven't actually read, cheer
         | for themselves, and declare, "There! I've shown why I'm smarter
         | than all these politics people."
        
           | gatlin wrote:
           | > All this does is require the user to select a non-verified
           | age bracket on first boot.
           | 
           | This is the age verification requirement which you rudely and
           | incorrectly said doesn't exist. Nothing is done with the data
           | (for now) but age is in fact verified on the assumption that
           | the user doesn't lie.
           | 
           | Instead of lengthy condescending missives about the behavior
           | of other users, you should instead write "I'm sorry for being
           | negative and bringing down the quality of discussion."
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | I think they demonstrate a welcome and sophisticated
         | understanding of technology. Their solution to age verification
         | maximizes privacy by not sending any data off the computer
         | besides a simple signal of age category (if I understand the
         | design). They show more sophistication than the parent
         | commment:
         | 
         | > 3D printers should have a magical algorithm to recognize all
         | gun parts in their tiny embedded systems
         | 
         | Color scanners and printers have long had algorithms to
         | recognize currency and prevent its reproduction, implemented
         | with the technology of decades ago. It seems relatively simple
         | to implement gun part recognition today, especially with the
         | recent leap in image recognition capability.
         | 
         | (Rants and takedowns, IME, may entertain fellow believers, but
         | signal a comment that's going to go well beyond any facts.)
        
         | WaitWaitWha wrote:
         | i did not even think of that! As the current law reads, will
         | smart devices with OSes require age verification? Many IoTs are
         | just tiny Linux versions running on a small processor. This
         | makes all _smart_ GE washing machines, dryers and refrigerators
         | illegal in California.
         | 
         | come to think of it, maybe there is something good about this
         | law. :D
        
         | michaelteter wrote:
         | You can single out California, but I assure you there are
         | asinine laws on the books in most states.
         | 
         | What it takes to become a "successful" politician is typically
         | not what it takes to define good policy.
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | "The road to hell is paved with good intentions." - unknown
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | I doubt good intentions had anything to do with this.
        
       | gradientsrneat wrote:
       | > (g) This title does not impose liability on an operating system
       | provider, a covered application store, or a developer that arises
       | from the use of a device or application by a person who is not
       | the user to whom a signal pertains.
       | 
       | So, this makes desktop Linux illegal, but all the software-as-a-
       | service like Microsoft Azure and OpenAI get off scott-free?
       | 
       | Fantastic.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | Free computers are too subversive. If left unchecked, they can
         | wipe out entire sectors of the economy, and with cryptography
         | they can defeat police, judges, spies, militaries.
         | 
         | They absolutely want to make it illegal.
        
       | k310 wrote:
       | Sounds to me that this is how kids learn to spin their own
       | operating systems (a la LFS, Gentoo)and apps.
       | 
       | This is how people bought personal computers when the mainframe
       | priesthood banned them.
       | 
       | It appears that very soon, young people will "de facto" need to
       | have this level of competence in order to survive and thrive in a
       | world of "in loco parentis" operating systems and apps.
       | 
       | The latin reveals my age, but one thing about my age:
       | 
       | People my age did exactly that. We built our own hardware when
       | there was none. We compiled (or copied) operating systems and
       | apps. A couple of my friends wrote an operating system and a C
       | compiler.
       | 
       | "My generation" created this entire internet thingy, installed
       | and web-based apps.
       | 
       | Indeed, dumb-asses are going to level up young people.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | I'm sure Xers and millennials are totally going to be okay with
         | a visit from the school cop when their little one is caught
         | with an illegal operating system and looking at charges that
         | could ruin their college and job prospects.
        
         | nancyminusone wrote:
         | Maybe kids won't be doing this because they won't know of a
         | world where this isn't the case.
        
         | kgwxd wrote:
         | It wasn't illegal when we did it. They're working on that too.
        
       | kkfx wrote:
       | Aha... Interesting, I'm the sysadmin of myself so I verify myself
       | that I'm entitled to be root on my iron. Sometimes politicians
       | reveal themselves in their future program dreaming things like
       | mandatory online accounts on corporatocracty-controlled servers
       | for all...
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | These lawmakers are _not even wrong_.
       | 
       | To be wrong, one must understand what one is talking about.
       | 
       | Sigh.
        
       | ReptileMan wrote:
       | Trump - making heroic efforts to give Newsom the presidency in
       | 2028. Newsom valiantly resisting those efforts.
        
       | croes wrote:
       | > That's likely no big deal for Windows, which already requires
       | you to enter your date of birth during the Microsoft Account
       | setup procedure
       | 
       | That isn't age verification at all
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | The actual age verification is being able to install windows
         | yourself and being allowed to do so by parents. So the next
         | thing is TPM to make sure you can't get the silly idea to
         | reisntall it and set a different date
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | How will this work with ephemeral VMs? If you spin up a few
       | hundred a day, will each one prompt you for birthday ? And whose
       | birthday ? The CEO?
        
       | ta9000 wrote:
       | Many of you commenting haven't read the legislation and it shows.
        
       | conradfr wrote:
       | Next it will be all devices able to run Doom.
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | Was there HN discussion at the time the bill was introduced /
       | passed?
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | It's not clear that this applies where the "operating system
       | provider" does not have "accounts". Linux should be OK, but
       | "Ubuntu One" might have problems.
       | 
       | It's a good reason _not_ to put cloud dependencies into things.
        
         | aspbee555 wrote:
         | this is why I am building a communications software that has no
         | concept of accounts, devices can connect and keys are generated
         | on device and blind to relaying/directing server/network.
         | people can only connect directly with other people/devices.
         | there is no concept of lists of people/devices to connect to,
         | you need to know someone/have access to the device to connect.
         | 
         | no accounts to compromise. no passwords to remember. end point
         | devices control their connectivity. no vpn needed to connect,
         | no intermediary to see all traffic and peer traffic is
         | specifically what is needed/allowed/requested, not a wide open
         | network connection/accounts to be compromised
        
         | singron wrote:
         | The bill doesn't define "accounts", so it's entirely possible
         | local users that a human signs into would count.
         | 
         | The saving grace is that obviously they have no idea what a
         | Linux distribution is, and only the Attorney General can bring
         | action, so there isn't much risk of the AG suing Debian.
        
       | senfiaj wrote:
       | I guess California will release California OS with age
       | verification.
        
       | CWuestefeld wrote:
       | It's not stated here, but is it implied that app platforms that,
       | themselves, have an "app store", would be required to read this
       | datum and pass it to their app store?
       | 
       | For example, I've got a map application on my phone that lets me
       | download maps, widgets, POI lists, etc. from their app store. It
       | seems like enabling that age signal through this exchange is
       | exactly what the politicians are looking for.
        
       | jimt1234 wrote:
       | So now I have to prove who I am just to use something I
       | purchased? Am I gonna have to prove my age/identity to my new
       | laundry machine (it runs on OS)?
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | Buffy Wicks obviously should not be legislating APIs. But I think
       | it's funny how badly this misinterprets the situation. The local
       | user account on a computer has never been less relevant than it
       | is today.
        
       | ywhsrbsgn wrote:
       | Apparently the redacted politicians that were caught raping and
       | murdering little boys and girls in the Epstein files are entitled
       | to a higher level of privacy than either you or me.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Richard Stallman's "Right to Read" is disturbingly prescient, as
       | usual.
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | As time goes on RMS is only proven more and more correct
        
           | cess11 wrote:
           | About some things.
        
           | warkdarrior wrote:
           | It's almost as if he is giving them ideas.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | Stallman has always been right. It's mind boggling just how
         | right he was about everything.
         | 
         | The narratives are changing. All these locks and controls used
         | to be about curbing copyright infringement. Now that AI has
         | more or less rendered copyright irrelevant it's turned into a
         | straight up attempt to control the population. They're barely
         | even making excuses anymore.
        
       | Brian_K_White wrote:
       | Maybe this is just an unsuspectedly astute way to get Microsoft
       | to reenable local accounts?
        
       | blurbleblurble wrote:
       | I hope the headline is just ragebait cause I feel infuriated
        
       | radium3d wrote:
       | Yikes, these government folks just sign without even thinking or
       | having a single clue about how the rule will work. They are
       | completely irresponsible.
        
       | newsoftheday wrote:
       | California is a confusing state, age verification for operating
       | systems while almost releasing this monster on the public:
       | https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2026-02-26/serial-c...
        
         | monero-xmr wrote:
         | They also created an open air market for child prostitutes with
         | their latest anti-arrest law, as observed by the NYT last
         | November https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/19/insider/sex-
         | trafficking-m...
        
       | cm2187 wrote:
       | so my smart microwave will require some age verification?
        
         | ceayo wrote:
         | Of course! Think of the dangers of an unsupervised child...
         | (SHOCK WARNING) cooking... A _gasp_ MEAL!
        
       | rickcarlino wrote:
       | Who is actively lobbying against the "war on root access"? Which
       | are the NGOs/PACs/non-profits with the best track record of
       | getting results here? FSF and EFF come to mind, but I can't think
       | of others and don't know of track records for any of them.
        
       | hosh wrote:
       | What about:
       | 
       | - servers living in datacenters
       | 
       | - realtime operating systems in embedded devices
       | 
       | - the Intel Management Engine
       | 
       | - the OS on every smart chip in credit cards and debit cards
       | 
       | - wireless cameras, roombas, smart TVs, smart fridges
       | 
       | - cars. Those automotive systems have OSes too right?
       | 
       | - all those IoT devices, including California's traffic cameras
       | 
       | What age signals should those devices send out? Is there an
       | exclusionary clause?
        
         | kogasa240p wrote:
         | They will be "exempt" probably.
        
           | noosphr wrote:
           | You assume far too much competence.
        
       | pipeline_peak wrote:
       | You hear that, NetBSD!
        
       | matheusmoreira wrote:
       | I miss the days when politicians just generally ignored computers
       | and left us alone.
        
       | eleventyseven wrote:
       | Headline is wrong. There is no verification requirement.
       | 
       | All this does is require the user to select a non-verified age
       | bracket on first boot. You can lie, just like porn sites today. I
       | thought HNers wanted parents to govern their children's use of
       | technology with these kinds of mechanisms.
        
       | p0w3n3d wrote:
       | People who cannot tell what is an operating system and what is
       | not are writing laws
        
       | wormius wrote:
       | Lol no.
        
       | noosphr wrote:
       | Californian seems like a state with a golden goose they keep
       | trying to kill in ever more idiocitally inventive ways.
        
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