[HN Gopher] Tiny QR code achieved using electron microscope tech...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tiny QR code achieved using electron microscope technology
        
       Author : jonbaer
       Score  : 33 points
       Date   : 2026-02-21 04:08 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (newatlas.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (newatlas.com)
        
       | spystath wrote:
       | Despite the HN title (and while the focusing optics are similar),
       | the structure in the article was directly milled with an ion beam
       | (FIB), not electrons.
        
         | Kiboneu wrote:
         | Yeah. I drew mario on a pin head with a fib in 2015.
        
       | mrbluecoat wrote:
       | Looking at the end result, honestly surprised a QR code scanner
       | could read it - other than the corner squares, the lack of pixel
       | fidelity and strong outlines makes the code look melted or
       | smudged
        
         | ronsor wrote:
         | Points on a QR code do not have to be square "pixels" anyway.
        
       | abraxas wrote:
       | In a way the story of nanofabrication seems like a tale of
       | disappointment. Many decades after Feynman's "Plenty of room at
       | the bottom" or Drexler's "Engines of creation" and we have very
       | little to show in a way of progress. What happened? Why were
       | knowledgeable minds like Feynman too optimistic about our ability
       | to make this happen?
        
         | volemo wrote:
         | Talk's cheap.
         | 
         | The feats we've archived in miniaturisation of logic and memory
         | is already mind-blowing, in my opinion.
        
         | tiazumdove wrote:
         | Its a scaling problem. You can do a lot of cool things with
         | fib/ebip etc. but the process itself is very slow and requires
         | patience unless you want to destroy your structure via
         | codeposits or other side effects. Kinda like the AI field back
         | in the 80s the hardware still isn't there to really make use of
         | the ideas.
        
         | KK7NIL wrote:
         | > we have very little to show in a way of progress. What
         | happened?
         | 
         | Our semiconductors have had features below 100 nm for a while
         | (actual features, not just process node names), so that's been
         | wildly successful.
         | 
         | Why nanofabrication hasn't been as commercially successful
         | outside of semiconductors is a much harder question to answer.
        
           | abraxas wrote:
           | Yes, of course the etching on silicon process has been
           | refined to a level nobody thought possible. But this is more
           | like a CNC process at a tiny level. What we don't have is
           | additive manufacturing at nano scale. The nano assembler that
           | Drexler and Feynman thought were possible is not panning out.
        
             | KK7NIL wrote:
             | I'll have to look up that idea of the "nano assembler" that
             | you're referring, but I'll just mention that there is
             | significant additive manufacturing in a modern
             | semiconductor GAAFET node, with the entire transistor being
             | grown.
             | 
             | This video is a good summary of the main steps involved:
             | https://youtu.be/xaKyDrWfHes
             | 
             | It's certainly not as powerful or universal as 3D printing
             | and it might not even be "additive manufacturing" proper,
             | but it is a lot more than just etching/subtractive
             | manufacturing.
        
       | nerdjon wrote:
       | Why did I see the headline and my first thought was the
       | "Scientific Method" episode of Voyager.
       | 
       | That being said, I am curious what the use case is. It mentions
       | data storage but the QR code is not really storing data (ok it is
       | storing _something_ obviously but not in the traditional sense).
        
         | RedNifre wrote:
         | QR codes store bits, arranged into bytes (A byte is the shape
         | of a 3x3 square with one corner missing), so how more
         | traditional can it get?
        
       | InspGadget4343 wrote:
       | Anyone else expecting to be rickrolled by the world's smallest QR
       | code?
        
       | mhdi_kr99 wrote:
       | great, we can rick roll people in the next pandemic vaccines!
        
       | isoprophlex wrote:
       | Ha! Reminds me of when my buddy in grad school drew a dick with
       | CO molecules. It was, what, 40 angstrom long?
       | 
       | Good times.
        
       | kekqqq wrote:
       | Some time ago, I tried to use
       | https://github.com/alisinabh/paperify to back up some data I had
       | in the form of QR codes on paper. Turns out the standard printer
       | is very limiting in terms of how many bits of data you can fit
       | into paper if you want to read it reliably. I would guess this
       | would be the same in their case. Maybe they will come up with a
       | good protocol with error codes that would suit their "printer".
       | 
       | Anyway, I like the concept of storing QR codes on paper or other
       | medium even if it is not really practical.
        
         | divan wrote:
         | Fountain codes will work well here.
        
         | LoganDark wrote:
         | > Turns out the standard printer is very limiting in terms of
         | how many bits of data you can fit into paper if you want to
         | read it reliably.
         | 
         | What print technology were you using? (Inklet, laser, etc.)
        
           | kekqqq wrote:
           | Tested on both ink and laser. There is a small introduction
           | of error even with the laser printer and you have another
           | error introduced by scanning. That limits how small the QR
           | codes can be. Paper+QR codes are feasible only for very small
           | files.
        
       | ilija139 wrote:
       | "A4 paper sheet-sized ceramic film could hold more than 2 TB of
       | data" Just 2 TB? Makes you appreciate just how much 2 TB of data
       | is.
       | 
       | Also, what's the point of "storing our future" if it is so
       | difficult to read and decode? How would one even know where to
       | look for the data if it's get lost. So besides doing it for fun I
       | don't see the point of this and how it can be ever scaled to be
       | in everyday use.
        
         | shevy-java wrote:
         | Right. This is probably just a start though. Just as Richard
         | Feynman stated:
         | 
         | There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom.
         | 
         | I recently wanted to purchase a 3TB harddrive. The price is not
         | that heavy (e,. g. at around 100 Euro), but I also realised
         | that I'd much prefer that price to go down significantly. I am
         | still in shock at the RAM prices. That is no longer affordable
         | really.
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | But how to read it out? Doesn't that take too long?
        
         | caseyohara wrote:
         | I imagine capacity/density and reliability/durability are more
         | important factors than read speed when it comes to archival.
        
       | npodbielski wrote:
       | Anybody was able to read that? Mine phone app does not recognise
       | this as qr code.
        
         | stordoff wrote:
         | iPhone 15 Pro (using the default Camera app) read it OK - it
         | took me to https://www.tuwien.at/en/mwbw/wwwt/ww/ws
        
       | flymasterv wrote:
       | Technically, this is not a QR code. Under ISO 18004, QR codes
       | must be 1cm x 1cm or larger.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2026-02-24 23:01 UTC)