[HN Gopher] Evidence of the bouba-kiki effect in naive baby chicks
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       Evidence of the bouba-kiki effect in naive baby chicks
        
       Author : suddenlybananas
       Score  : 172 points
       Date   : 2026-02-21 21:51 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | verteu wrote:
       | Preprint:
       | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.17.594640v1....
        
       | AreShoesFeet000 wrote:
       | Believe it or not: This is pure and unadulterated advancement of
       | civilization.
        
         | boppo1 wrote:
         | Please elaborate.
        
           | AreShoesFeet000 wrote:
           | This is irony. The study is stupid, society has reached a
           | stupid stage of development. Kiki and bouba explain nothing
           | and serve nothing. Culture is in shambles.
        
         | mastercheif wrote:
         | Okay Gemini
        
           | ChrisClark wrote:
           | If you don't recognize a quote, it's obviously AI? Might want
           | to rethink your logic, or outsource it to AI. Might help you
        
       | a115ltd wrote:
       | This is just one micro-instance of a much larger thing. Brain
       | encodes structural similarity across modalities. Corollary:
       | language is far from arbitrary labels for things.
        
         | suddenlybananas wrote:
         | >language is far from arbitrary labels for things
         | 
         | I think this is a misunderstanding of the arbitrariness of the
         | sign. Arbitrary doesn't mean "random" or "uniformly sampled."
         | The fact there are systematic tendencies among languages in how
         | things are called doesn't negate the arbitrariness of the sign,
         | they _could_ have been called other things. We can also decide
         | to refer to things by another name and we can use any arbitrary
         | name we like! There is no limits on what names we can use
         | (besides silly physiological constraints like having a word
         | with 50 000 consonants). But, of course, there 's much more to
         | language than just labels!
         | 
         | For me, the interesting thing in this paper vis-a-vis language
         | is that it shows how much innate structure in cognition must
         | shape our language.
        
           | naniwaduni wrote:
           | Arbitrariness of the sign is a principle that requires so
           | many epicycles to present as "true" that it's more of a
           | warning against overgeneralization than an insight with any
           | significant predictive power in its own right.
        
             | suddenlybananas wrote:
             | Let's call the arbitrariness of the sign, blinga. Why do
             | you think blinga requires "epicycles"? Blinga makes pretty
             | modest claims: there is no _requirement_ that the form of a
             | sign matches that which it signifies in any way.
        
         | downboots wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_name
        
         | andrewflnr wrote:
         | No, language is still pretty close to arbitrary labels. The
         | handful of tenuous common threads like the bouba-kiki effect
         | don't change the overall picture that much. The simple fact
         | that language varies as much as it does is sufficient to prove
         | that it's only loosely bound to anything universal.
        
       | tetris11 wrote:
       | What's the N value of this study
        
         | shermantanktop wrote:
         | I don't know, but it really should be in units of N dozen.
        
         | Recursing wrote:
         | From the preprint linked above:
         | 
         | > We tested a total of 42 subjects, 17 of which were females.
        
           | selridge wrote:
           | The published one repeated the experiment w/ day old chicks
           | and IIRC the same number w/ the same results, so it's got a
           | little more N than the preprint.
        
       | thesmtsolver2 wrote:
       | All the universal translators in fiction make more sense now lol.
        
       | jaffa2 wrote:
       | I think it's natural to think of this in terms of frequencies so
       | the kiki shape has a higher visual frequency. As does the word
       | have a higher audio frequencies within in than bouba so that is
       | naturally associated with the lower frequency undulating line of
       | that shape.
        
         | downboots wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44280619 it's a good
         | analogy.
        
       | alienbaby wrote:
       | Is this not reducible to whether a speech sound contains
       | fricatives and stops or not? They produce spiky sounds
       | 
       | But I guess it's about why so we associate those with spiky
       | shapes, though surely it's because they represent sharp immediate
       | changes in frequency?
       | 
       | I'd be interested on results of shapes imagined when you take the
       | source as musical or other non speech sounds.
        
         | selridge wrote:
         | >But I guess it's about why so we associate those with spiky
         | shapes
         | 
         | I think the why just got a lot tricker than we imagined.
         | Because we failed to replicate this experiment on other
         | primates, we couldn't avoid a semantic suspicion about those
         | associations. Now we probably have to set semantics aside or
         | let it get a lot weirder, because we can replicate across
         | ~300My.
         | 
         | >surely it's because they represent sharp immediate changes in
         | frequency?
         | 
         | Maybe, and I think "multi-sensory signal processing" is the
         | best framing, but the representation could also carry harder to
         | think about things like "harm".
         | 
         | It's also super cool because the bouba-kiki effect framing was
         | chosen due to methodological convenience for linguists and
         | cultural anthropologists and their experimental bounds, not
         | neuroscientists or signal processing folks. We could
         | potentially find other experiments quickly, since chicks are a
         | model organism and the mechanism is clear.
         | 
         | Things could move fast here.
        
         | canjobear wrote:
         | > But I guess it's about why so we associate those with spiky
         | shapes, though surely it's because they represent sharp
         | immediate changes in frequency?
         | 
         | Sure, but it's a very abstract connection between objects being
         | sharp in vision and frequencies changing sharply in hearing.
         | There's no guarantee any given organism would make the
         | connection.
        
           | oasisaimlessly wrote:
           | I don't think it's abstract at all. Rub something sharp
           | (anything from a stick to a phonograph needle) on an object
           | and you'll directly transcribe its spatial frequency spectrum
           | into an audio frequency spectrum.
        
             | canjobear wrote:
             | Do you think it's obvious that a chick would understand
             | that connection?
        
           | fzeindl wrote:
           | In the book ,,the design of everyday things" it is mentioned
           | that ,,natural mappings" exist. Moving the knob of a vertical
           | slider to the upper end universally means ,,brighter" or
           | ,,louder", not ,,less bright" or ,,more silent".
        
             | 5- wrote:
             | maybe the chicks and norman get it, but i'm currently
             | renting an apartment in france that has a bunch of these
             | light switches installed all upside down, with "-" at the
             | top:
             | 
             | https://www.legrand.com.gh/en/catalog/products/arteor-
             | push-b...
        
             | IsTom wrote:
             | > Moving the knob of a vertical slider to the upper end
             | universally means ,,brighter" or ,,louder", not ,,less
             | bright" or ,,more silent".
             | 
             | Except for the organ drawbars?
        
             | seba_dos1 wrote:
             | Which way would a vertical weight slider go?
        
       | gnarlouse wrote:
       | baba is keke
        
         | the__alchemist wrote:
         | baba is you
        
       | keyle wrote:
       | I'm not entirely sold by this discovery. For example when you
       | learn to train dogs, you learn about the 3 voices. Encouraging
       | voice, atta boy, negative voice, more stern, and the big "NO!".
       | 
       | To some degree these words type sounding language are doing the
       | same thing. Some sounds will irk, some will soothe, and it would
       | affect this 'evidence' found.
        
         | spagettnet wrote:
         | I think the researchers agree with your premise. The "evidence"
         | is not that chicks have more language understanding than
         | previously understood, but rather that the source of the
         | universality of bouba/kiki is due to something more primitive
         | than built in human language hardware.
        
       | patcon wrote:
       | I'm very intrigued by this, but I'll be much more interested when
       | this is replicated on non-domesticated animals...!
       | 
       | It must take some strange things to survive co-evolution with
       | humans for several thousands years
        
       | bad_username wrote:
       | Objects that have sharp edges generate higher frequency harmonics
       | when agitated, because lower-size features resonate on higher
       | frequencies (like shorter strings ring on higher pitch). Objects
       | that are round resonate on low frequencies only. The "kiki" sound
       | has more high frequency content than the "bouba" sound, and it's
       | no mystery why the brain associates one with the other.
        
         | mnbs wrote:
         | That's what I was thinking. But then I was wondering: if it was
         | that obvoius, would there be such research about it?
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | You do need to research "obvious" things every once in a
           | while. They have this annoying tendency of being proven wrong
           | occasionally.
        
           | rcxdude wrote:
           | It's a hypothesis. How would you prove or disprove that it's
           | because of that? (and I would say, a priori, it's not utterly
           | obvious that the brain would relate spacial and temporal
           | frequencies like this)
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Some of the research, including this paper, is trying to get
           | at the question of whether a species' sensitivity to the
           | bouba-kiki effect might be at the root of language or not.
           | Since it seems accepted that chickens do not have language in
           | any meaningful sense of that term, finding that they still
           | show this effect decouples it from "the origins of language".
        
         | IsTom wrote:
         | In nature there's few things laying around that resonate
         | particularly well.
        
           | maybewhenthesun wrote:
           | Scratch a thin pointy branch across e rock -> sharp high
           | noise.
           | 
           | Thump a round club/log against a rock -> dull bump noise
        
             | IsTom wrote:
             | Thump two round rocks together -> sharp noise
             | 
             | Thump pointy branch against a tree -> dull noise
             | 
             | And chickens aren't using tools.
        
               | blurbleblurble wrote:
               | They're scratching for gizzard stones and food though,
               | with their built-in beak, fwiw
        
               | sixsevenrot wrote:
               | I challenge you to find two objects of a similar size and
               | cut them into shapes that would produce a sharper sound
               | for the rounder object.
               | 
               | In your example it's obviously the round tree trunk that
               | produces the dull sound.
        
         | aaptel wrote:
         | I thought the same but they used chicks that just hatched with
         | zero world experience.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | World experience can be encoded through evolution.
           | 
           | E.g. a spider does not learn if/how to weave a web from its
           | parents.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | That's one theory. Another one I can think of is that sharp
         | edges are scary, and most distress calls are high pitched.
         | 
         | Also, the thing about high frequencies and sharp edges lead to
         | a contradiction: babies are more round than adults and produce
         | higher pitched sounds, this is almost universal across all
         | species.
         | 
         | There are other tentative explanations, such as how the vocal
         | tract acts when producing these sounds, with "bouba" sounds
         | being the result of smoother movement more reminiscent of a
         | round shape.
         | 
         | "kiki" is not just higher pitched, it is also "shaped"
         | differently if you look at the sound envelope, with, as
         | expected, sharper transitions.
         | 
         | So to me, the mystery is still there. Is is the kind of thing
         | that sounds obvious, in the same way that kiki sounds obviously
         | sharper than bouba, but is not.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | So then the mystery would be why other primates do _not_ appear
         | to show the bouba-kiki effect ...
        
       | Strilanc wrote:
       | For each chick they do 24 trials divided into 4 blocks with
       | retraining on the ambiguous shape and actual rewards after each
       | block. During the actual tests they didn't give rewards. In
       | figure 1 they show the data bucketed by trial index. It's a bit
       | surprising it doesn't show any apparent effect vs trial number,
       | e.g. the first trial after retraining being slightly different.
       | 
       | I have to admit I'm super skeptical there's not some stupid
       | mistake here. Definitely thought provoking. But I wish they'd
       | kept iteratively removing elements until the correlation stopped
       | happening, so they could nail down causation more precisely.
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | I wonder if this is a result of a Fourier transform type
       | operation that turns the serial time domain into something that
       | can be processed in parallel?
        
       | saalweachter wrote:
       | As someone with a passing familiarity with both baby chicks and
       | experimental setups, I have strong doubts about this research.
        
       | crazydoggers wrote:
       | Very likely this experiment suffered from a lack of thorough
       | double blind control. Researcher bias may have generated subtle
       | subconscious queues to the chicks on which shape to pick
       | unrelated to the sounds.
        
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