[HN Gopher] CXMT has been offering DDR4 chips at about half the ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       CXMT has been offering DDR4 chips at about half the prevailing
       market rate
        
       Author : phront
       Score  : 230 points
       Date   : 2026-02-21 14:32 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.koreaherald.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.koreaherald.com)
        
       | tonetegeatinst wrote:
       | More competition is always good
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | This feels like a classic business blunder. Focus hard on a
       | single business segment, leaving an opening in the market for
       | your competitors. Not because it wasn't profitable, but because
       | it wasn't profitable enough for you, right now. Only downside is
       | that now you've created an opening for a new player in the
       | market.
       | 
       | This feels like a short coming of western business/stock market
       | thinking. Focusing on profit within the next few quarters, and
       | not caring about the longer term consequences. For all it's flaws
       | and shady business practises at least China can think beyond a
       | single fiscal year.
        
         | tjwebbnorfolk wrote:
         | Ok but this is how the market is supposed to work. If the
         | incumbents aren't doing what their customers want, then
         | competitors can rise and fill the gap and compete.
         | 
         | This isn't a shortcoming, it's a competitive market working as
         | intended.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | The market doing what it's supposed to do does not negate
           | that the market segment has only been left open because of
           | overly myopic businesses.
        
             | estimator7292 wrote:
             | That's what modern capitalism _is_ and it 's bad for
             | everyone
        
             | qup wrote:
             | Why would we think businesses will always make the right
             | move?
             | 
             | They'll blunder. They'll do it even harder in the absence
             | of competition.
        
               | delecti wrote:
               | Who said I thought businesses would always make the right
               | move?
               | 
               | Businesses blunder. "The market" is just a set of
               | observations, including that competitors will tend to
               | take advantage of those blunders. It is not a failure of
               | the market that businesses have blundered, nor surprising
               | that it will happen occasionally, and neither I nor
               | mrweasel implied otherwise.
        
             | tjwebbnorfolk wrote:
             | The market is actively trying to solve it right now. Micron
             | is investing $200B in new fabs. Everyone is trying to ramp
             | up production.
             | 
             | Yes, identifying a problem is easy. But solving shortages
             | in all cases requires perfect knowledge of future demand.
             | So, good luck.
        
           | PearlRiver wrote:
           | Everyone gets mad when Chinese do capitalism...
        
             | bigyabai wrote:
             | "Why is nobody berating China?" is my favorite oft-repeated
             | refrain on HN.
        
               | ta9000 wrote:
               | They're too busy berating the US.
        
             | joe_mamba wrote:
             | NO you see, we have to hate Chinese companies because they
             | are unfair competitors since they get state funding from
             | the Chinese government, unlike Intel, Micron, TSMC, ASML,
             | Samsung who don't get state funding from the US, EU,
             | Taiwan, ROK ... oh wait.
             | 
             | Scratch that, we have to hate Chinese companies because
             | they do business with the Chinese military, unlike Intel,
             | Nvidia, Samsung who don't do business with the US and ROK
             | military ... oh wait.
        
               | dev1ycan wrote:
               | I know you are being sarcastic but the reason why we have
               | to hate Chinese is simply because the standard of living
               | of Americans depends on China not succeeding, simple as
               | that.
        
               | joe_mamba wrote:
               | Well then hey can just say THAT, instead of coming up
               | with hypocritical BS that doesn't pass the smell test.
               | People internationally have enough IQ to see through the
               | double standards BS, especially since youtube is a thing.
               | 
               | And the standard of living of working class Americans has
               | been on a steady decline since Reagan by the hand of US
               | administrations, not by the hand of CHina.
               | 
               | This isn't defending anyone's standard of living, it's
               | defending profits of domestic monopolies like Micron, who
               | indulge in state subsidies from US taxpayers and then
               | fuck then over on prices.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | Does it, though? If anything it seems like the opposite:
               | China's success had directly enabled my standard of
               | living as an American to be as high as it is.
               | 
               | I suppose it'd be true that the standard of living of
               | _some_ Americans depends on China not succeeding --
               | specifically, those Americans who own corporations
               | competing with Chinese firms -- but I think they 'll
               | survive just fine with only 10 yachts instead of 15.
        
           | assaddayinh wrote:
           | Lets not forget there is no competitors. There is one
           | competitor- the chinese state, one huge company willing to
           | subsidize any endeavor that will help it fmgain more
           | marketshare with already captured markets.
        
           | 127 wrote:
           | Only if you don't want or need any geopolitical gradient at
           | all.
        
         | xadhominemx wrote:
         | CXMT sells the vast majority of their bits at the prevailing
         | market rate, just like everyone else. They are adding capacity
         | as quickly as they can, with a 5-10 year planning horizon, just
         | like everyone else. It's really not that deep!
        
           | orphea wrote:
           | > They are adding capacity as quickly as they can [...], just
           | like everyone else
           | 
           | Are you sure? In the past they explicitly said they are not
           | going to increase production.
           | 
           | https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/dram/memory-
           | maker...
        
             | xadhominemx wrote:
             | Yes of course their messaging to customers and the
             | investment community is that they will be rational and
             | measured in their investments. In reality, they are adding
             | capacity as quickly as possible as margins are too high.
             | However, capacity addition leading edge semiconductor
             | manufacturing has a multi-year lead time.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > In reality, they are adding capacity as quickly as
               | possible [...]
               | 
               | Even if we ignore the fact that you can't build out
               | factories in secret, this would be securities fraud by
               | publicly listed companies.
               | 
               | > ...as margins are too high
               | 
               | This is not the first RAM boom-bust cycle, and memory
               | makers are an actual cartel convicted of coordinating in
               | the past - none if them are going to break rank when they
               | can invest the minimum and reap outsized benefits. Also,
               | no one wants to invest in additional capacity when the
               | bottom can fall out at anytime, and shareholders demand
               | your head- not even the AI companies want to bear that
               | risk, which is saying something.
        
             | washadjeffmad wrote:
             | PRC asked them to curtail DDR4 production so they didn't
             | bottom out the market a year or two ago, and to focus on
             | latest gen development, like HBM. They were the world
             | leader in cost efficient DDR4 production at the time.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | It's not really a blunder though. Given that total capacity is
         | tightly constrained, Samsung and SK Hynix are happy to focus on
         | what they do at their best and with the highest margins. Why
         | shouldn't they supply the HBM market?
        
           | overfeed wrote:
           | It's putting all eggs in one basket. If/when the higher-
           | margin category collapses, they'll have no fallback. Imagine
           | Chevrolet had discontinued Impalas and other low-margin cars,
           | and switched to Corvettes during the pandemic
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Even if there's a collapse in the high-margin market (I
             | don't think anyone is expecting this right now), it will be
             | slow and telegraphed in advance, giving them plenty of time
             | to refocus on lower-margin products.
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | Good description of what actually happened. Do they even
             | sell any conventional 2-door passenger cars besides the
             | Corvette these days?
        
           | m4rtink wrote:
           | Maybe not to starve whole segments of the society and economy
           | of critical inputs ?
           | 
           | This is why we have strategy reserves - to avoid greedy
           | companies to make a quick buck when they find out they can
           | sell the equivalent of crack and dump all the other now low
           | margin stuff like food or other essentials.
           | 
           | Sure, that company might make a killing for a short while,
           | but people will die from hunger, missing medicine or freeze
           | to death.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | So let's buy a strategic reserve of DIMM sticks from CXMT.
             | But that's not a great strategy either, because RAM tech
             | evolves. DDR3 to DDR4 to DDR5 to DDR6. So you need to
             | rotate your strategic reserves over time, and luckily
             | enough for you, the used goods market is doing exactly that
             | for free!
        
         | sophrosyne42 wrote:
         | There is really nothing about the stock market that means only
         | thinking about the mext few quarters. See all the losses on the
         | profit and loss statements of AI tech giants, or, say, game
         | console companies? Why are their stocks still valued so highly
         | during these periods? The answer: investors are thinking long
         | term.
         | 
         | It is really impossible to have quality long term thinking
         | without capitalization accounting and similar instruments that
         | come out of the "wester" system of business that chinese free
         | enterprise gladly and speedily copied when it was made free.
        
           | twosdai wrote:
           | I think the sentiment here is about management's tie of
           | bonuses to near-term stock performance. Maybe not about the
           | market itself, I agree with your view on investors want long
           | term gains over short term fluctuations mostly.
        
         | nirui wrote:
         | > Focusing on profit within the next few quarters, and not
         | caring about the longer term consequences
         | 
         | Anything new? From my non-American view, American companies has
         | done similar things for a very long time now. It happened in
         | the consumer electronics, it might happen again in the IT
         | industry.
         | 
         | It's not the fault of the companies, they simply just wanted
         | more certainty and the consumer market is not (when compare to
         | cooperate contracts).
         | 
         | But from the stand point of a nation, if no one creates low-end
         | products, then no one will be providing low-end/entry-level
         | jobs. That's when you got structural problems.
        
       | someperson wrote:
       | As a outside observer, NAND and DRAM prices have skyrocket ed
       | with the AI infrastructure boom just as the China-based fabs are
       | coming online.
       | 
       | It is wise for these Chinese fabs to eventually use a very
       | aggressive dumping strategy to price well below cost push out
       | other players forever, especially in DRAM.
       | 
       | But right now it seems they can max out their supply capacity
       | without selling below cost.
       | 
       | Appears to me like China's endless state led (often unproductive)
       | investment in semiconductor manufacturing subsidies (for decades)
       | is about to pay off with some industry dominance soon.
       | 
       | Like the electric vehicle sector.
        
         | nutjob2 wrote:
         | It's funny that you call this an "very aggressive dumping
         | strategy" while AI vendors are doing the same but with even
         | greater losses and on a much larger scale.
         | 
         | It's all simply a fight for market share.
         | 
         | The original sin is the existing DRAM vendors selling their
         | entire (spare) capacity to the likes of OpenAI.
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | No one sold their capacity to OpenAI. The vast majority of
           | DRAM is transacted in what is essentially a quarterly
           | auction.
        
             | nutjob2 wrote:
             | "RAM is going to AI: OpenAI has secured up to 40% of the
             | market."
             | 
             | https://globalcio.com/news/16062/
             | 
             | You're maybe talking about the spot market, but companies
             | are free to make any sort of supply contract.
        
               | xadhominemx wrote:
               | AI slop article
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Ok here's a different analysis:
               | 
               | https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/dram/openais-
               | star...
        
           | sho wrote:
           | Can we please stop with this irritatingly persistent myth? AI
           | companies, at least the big ones, do _not_ sell inference at
           | a loss - far from it. This has been debunked and explained
           | many times and yet it keeps being repeated.
           | 
           | The numbers aren't public but most guesses I've heard are
           | that Anthropic's markup is around 50% on average, and that if
           | considered in isolation, most models are profitable overall.
           | The constant losses are instead due to training the _next_
           | models, which will also eventually recoup but later, and
           | forward capex investment.
           | 
           | This idea that big AI companies are normally and
           | systematically selling inference at a loss as some kind of
           | market share strategy is just not supported by the facts.
        
             | rjh29 wrote:
             | You talk about myths and then quote vague guesses of 50%
             | without sourcing.
        
         | PowerElectronix wrote:
         | I personally fail to see the downside of any manufacturer
         | selling forever at a loss, except for the manufacturer itself.
        
           | xyzzy123 wrote:
           | You become dependent on the supplier.
           | 
           | The downside in general is that other countries lose
           | production capacity in steel, heavy industry, semiconductors,
           | machine tools etc - industries that took decades to build and
           | can't be easily replaced.
           | 
           | Also they gradually lose the ability to meaningfully innovate
           | in those sectors because there's no grounding against
           | production reality anymore.
           | 
           | This has geopolitical consequences further down the line.
        
             | riku_iki wrote:
             | > steel, heavy industry, semiconductors, machine tools
             | 
             | the question is if single country can carry all these
             | industries at loss for prolonged period of time.
             | 
             | Another approach is to rely on international supply chain
             | and speed of innovation, we can't produce steel
             | domestically profitably today, fine, we may buy it from
             | diversified international supplier network, and rebuild it
             | fast tomorrow if needed using new tech, and focus on many
             | other high margin verticals, instead of putting many
             | billions of resources into infra which could be obsolete
             | tomorrow.
        
               | xyzzy123 wrote:
               | This is fine as long as the supply chain is, in fact,
               | diversified.
        
               | riku_iki wrote:
               | sure, looks like more analysis is needed to check which
               | verticals are diversified and which are not, instead of
               | throwing blanket list of everything.
        
               | xyzzy123 wrote:
               | Agree, worth analysing what is genuinely commodity.
               | 
               | There are more elements to it though which can be sort of
               | hard to explain.
               | 
               | There are whole cultures and ways of thinking built
               | around production. The children of engineers who worked
               | on xyz v1.0 have a genuine advantage when its time to
               | work on xyz v2.0. There is a lot of tacit knowledge in
               | these engineering fields and you have a huge advantage in
               | knowledge retention if you can maintain unbroken chains
               | of succession.
               | 
               | You can't achieve the top levels of ability (decades of
               | experience, generational knowledge) if you are whip-
               | sawing production to and fro across the globe every 10
               | years.
               | 
               | There are also cross pollination effects. Being _in the
               | same community_ with as many related fields as possible
               | (co-located) is what drives cross-pollination and
               | mobility of ideas and people between industries.
               | 
               | Think how many countries have tried to copy "silicon
               | valley" and failed, and _why_ they failed.
               | 
               | What I'm saying is that technology is built by _people_
               | and there are human reasons why having local capacity is
               | beneficial for all the related industries in the area.
        
               | riku_iki wrote:
               | > The children of engineers who worked on xyz v1.0 have a
               | genuine advantage when its time to work on xyz v2.0.
               | 
               | my point is that other children with no extremely heavy
               | investments into perl v1.0, will have some skills in c++
               | v1.0 and python v1.0, and will have advantage in adapting
               | Tensorflow v1.0, which is more valuable than skills in
               | perl v2.0. Heavily investing in one industry you
               | sacrifice some flexibility.
               | 
               | So, this is multifactor analysis, lets say wise American
               | people will elect me as next president, I would create
               | list of industries, assign metrics (national security
               | importance, potential revenue in 5y from now, impact on
               | other industries, potential margin, risks of failure,
               | etc), then build some formula which aggregate those
               | metrics into single, and base on final metric allocate
               | weighted funds to support N top industries.
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | https://atlas.hks.harvard.edu/
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > The downside in general is that other countries lose
             | production capacity in steel, heavy industry,
             | semiconductors, machine tools etc - industries that took
             | decades to build and can't be easily replaced.
             | 
             | That's not really what happens though. You don't actually
             | "lose" capacity, you just move to higher-valued special
             | niches within the overall industry because (1) you can
             | afford to, while low-cost competitors can't and (2) you can
             | no longer expect to be the lowest-cost supplier for the
             | bulk of the market. That's a win-win development and
             | something to be encouraged.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > You don't actually "lose" capacity, you just move to
               | higher-valued special niches within the overall industry
               | 
               | That's not what people mean by "lose" capacity.
               | 
               | Suppose DRAM companies expand capacity because prices are
               | high, then demand levels off, the price crashes, and they
               | all go out of business except for the one in China which
               | gets a government bailout. That's fine, right? We're not
               | interested in making DRAM, that's a fungible commodity,
               | we want to make iPhones or something. (They make those
               | too anymore, but never mind that.)
               | 
               | What happens now if China restricts what you can buy to
               | give an advantage to their own companies who are trying
               | to displace you in the higher-valued special niches? Or
               | just raises the price for you and not them? What if
               | there's a trade war? Or a conventional war?
               | 
               | When you still have a domestic industry, you go to them
               | and have a source for the commodity. If only one country
               | becomes the sole global supplier and that country isn't
               | even particularly friendly, that's _bad_.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | The domestic industry is still there, only instead of
               | mass-market DRAM it has started making higher-valued
               | varieties of the same stuff. If there's a trade war, they
               | _can_ easily reconvert to making the mass-market stuff,
               | just at much higher cost. You can 't expect more than
               | that, since they never really were as big or as low-cost
               | as the lowest cost suppliers can be in normal times.
               | That's not "losing" capacity, it's just acknowledging
               | that you can't create capacity out of thin air.
        
               | kyralis wrote:
               | > If there's a trade war, they can easily reconvert to
               | making the mass-market stuff, just at much higher cost.
               | 
               | "easily" is doing a lot of work in that sentence.
               | Depending on the good and what they switch to making,
               | this may neither be easy nor quick.
        
               | Espressosaurus wrote:
               | No, the domestic industry stagnates (at best) or
               | disappears (at worst).
               | 
               | You can't just spin up a 2nm wafer fab when the latest
               | you've been running is a 300nm process.
               | 
               | Compare: US shipbuilding industry to China or SK.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | We don't _want_ to spin up wafer fabs because,
               | historically, they had a tendency to turn into Superfund
               | sites. That 's why the more modern approach is to build
               | the fab in the middle of a frickin' desert.
        
               | ahartmetz wrote:
               | Historically, but likely not anymore. You wouldn't be
               | allowed to casually poison the ground in a Western
               | factory anymore and we have the technology to keep the
               | environment mostly clean. I don't even see it being very
               | expensive compared to other fab costs. Have a sealed
               | floor and proper waste / exhaust processing, don't spill
               | in the first place. Things must be extremely well
               | controlled anyway.
        
               | youarentrightjr wrote:
               | > If there's a trade war, they can easily reconvert to
               | making the mass-market stuff
               | 
               | Factories, tooling, supply chains, and engineering
               | knowledge aren't fungible in the way they would need to
               | be for your statement to be true.
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | Different types of DRAM can literally be made from the
               | same already-etched wafer. The DRAM bits themselves don't
               | change at all. What's different between DDR4, DDR5, and
               | HBM is the IO interface to the chip. Changing this does
               | not require significant retooling or relearning.
        
               | pdhborges wrote:
               | Does that mean CXMT is one inch away from also eating
               | into the DDR5 market?
        
               | econ wrote:
               | They will eventually eat everything while they laugh at
               | us. Why would you build a rail network if it isn't
               | profitable? Why build anything if it isn't profitable?
               | Why would you even house people if the profit isn't
               | guaranteed to be as big as other sectors?
               | 
               | Everyone wanted denarius then escudos then guilders then
               | pounds then dollars and soon yuan. They make stuff over
               | there, you can buy it with yuan.
               | 
               | I think India might come after that but Africa is sure to
               | follow. Give it a few hundred years.
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | They're still at somewhat of a process disadvantage, but
               | they have demonstrated an ability to produce DDR4 on
               | older processes than it's typically been produced on. So
               | it stands to reason that their process disadvantage will
               | not stop them from producing DDR5 at scale. Their DDR5
               | will just use a little more silicon, and squeeze the
               | jigglyness from a few more electrons, but in this market,
               | who cares if RAM cost 15% more to make and was 15% less
               | efficient to run, if it's available to purchase at all.
        
               | youarentrightjr wrote:
               | > The DRAM bits themselves don't change at all. What's
               | different between DDR4, DDR5, and HBM is the IO interface
               | 
               | That's not completely accurate - since the bw between
               | these are different, the routing and therefore
               | propagation delays for DDR4 won't allow it to magically
               | be used as DDR5 or HBM.
               | 
               | If you design for the most strict timings, then sure.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Different types of DRAM can literally be made from the
               | same already-etched wafer.
               | 
               | The assumption here is that you would stop making DDR5
               | but continue to make DDR4 so that you could start making
               | DDR5 again without too much trouble. But the older chips
               | have even lower margins than the newer ones. Most of the
               | fabs and equipment for making DDR4 were created when it
               | was current and then they stay in operation as long as
               | there is still enough demand for it.
               | 
               | If you don't make DDR5 and DDR6, what happens to your
               | DDR4 fabs when DDR4 is where DDR2 is now? They close
               | because nobody wants it anymore. And then you're not
               | trying to get to DDR6 from DDR4, you're trying to get to
               | DDR6 from an empty desert.
        
               | zelphirkalt wrote:
               | Higher valued varieties, or just higher priced varieties,
               | that no one wants to buy?
        
               | PowerElectronix wrote:
               | The way I see it, China has leverage once you arreive to
               | that dependency situation. That leverages goes away the
               | moment they restrict exports and every country scrambles
               | to create local production once again.
               | 
               | We are seeing that with some rare earths, even tho china
               | is back into exporting them (except to japan, I think?)
               | everyone is looking for alternatives already. They may
               | have killed their industry 10 years down the line for
               | playing with the export lever a bit too much.
               | 
               | Just like how markets punish the ram cartel creating a
               | chance for cxmt and ymtc to enter. It would create a
               | chance for western companies to do the same if china
               | messes with the markets they have "cornered".
        
             | nandomrumber wrote:
             | Blame China.
             | 
             | As though moving production to China wasn't something the
             | West did intentionally.
             | 
             | And _now_ continues to push manufacturing out of Western
             | countries by, for example in the UK and Germany, and
             | Australia too, making electricity and gas so expensive it
             | becomes cost prohibitive to manufacture much at all.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You forgot to mention embargoes against it. The US is
               | free to sanction firms for their exports to China, but
               | then shouldn't be surprised when China builds out
               | domestic competitors.
        
           | numpad0 wrote:
           | the currency eventually collapses
        
             | extraduder_ire wrote:
             | I don't know if it's still a thing, but China was getting a
             | lot of heat about a decade ago for purposefully devaluing
             | their currency to make their exports more attractive.
             | 
             | They kind of had to do this, because their large amount of
             | exports were pushing the value of it up compared to others.
        
           | creato wrote:
           | If you actually believe this, then what is your explanation
           | for a manufacturer to do this?
           | 
           | Do you think they are just stupid?
        
           | fph wrote:
           | Microsoft gave away Internet Explorer at a loss, and what
           | happened to internet standards?
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | First, they're not selling at a loss; the huge price
           | increases have allowed them to push aggrssively in the legacy
           | markets. They're making "slightly smaller" profits than other
           | manufacturers (of which there are now very few).
           | 
           | Second, they can drive out all competition and then have a
           | captive audience for whatever prices they want, as the
           | barriers to entry in these markets are very high. This is
           | essentially what's happened with all higher-end manufacturing
           | in the west over the past 30+ years.
        
           | gchamonlive wrote:
           | Because it's never forever. It's until the corporation
           | substitutes the market, at which point you are at their
           | mercy.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | You're always at _someone_ 's mercy in any industry with
             | significant barriers to entry, you might as well pick a
             | low-cost supplier.
        
               | gchamonlive wrote:
               | That is such a defeatist position... How about
               | regulation?
        
               | PowerElectronix wrote:
               | Ask the EU how that regulate everything policy is going
               | for local manufacturing.
        
               | gchamonlive wrote:
               | Is the answer to bad regulation to not regulate at all?
               | How EU is regulating isn't the only way to do it. And is
               | bad regulation that much worse than monopoly by the
               | billionaires? There is no distinction. At least with bad
               | regulation you always have the chance to vote better next
               | time. Good luck dealing with oligarchs.
        
         | PearlRiver wrote:
         | Chinese investment has not been unproductive. It gave them
         | independence so that the US could not cut them of- see Cuba.
        
         | dygd wrote:
         | > It is wise for these Chinese fabs to eventually use a very
         | aggressive dumping strategy to price well below cost push out
         | other players forever, especially in DRAM.
         | 
         | Crucial's departure from the consumer market left such a gaping
         | hole, that CXMT doesn't even need to push other players out to
         | gain a footing.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | It's more like everyone else abandoned the market, and CXMT
           | realised it was free real estate.
        
           | Maxious wrote:
           | CXMT was already an option for consumers via brands like
           | Kingbank and Asgard.
           | 
           | There's Kingbank DDR5 using CXMT modules starting to become
           | available in Australia
           | https://www.techpowerup.com/346479/hardware-unboxed-
           | examines... including from mainstream retailers like Mwave
           | https://www.mwave.com.au/memory/pc-ddr4/kingbank
           | https://www.mwave.com.au/memory/pc-ddr5/kingbank
        
         | maxglute wrote:
         | How's it dumping below cost when hey can simply sell for 100%
         | margins instead of western makers selling for 400%.
        
           | shimman wrote:
           | Because only western companies are allowed to make massive
           | profits at the expense of entire nations, it's not greed when
           | they do it apparently.
        
             | theLiminator wrote:
             | Is it not the case that they're raising price in response
             | to demand? Ie. if they kept the price low, they'd be
             | perpetually out of supply?
        
               | econ wrote:
               | Can chose to increase production or embrace the scarcity.
               | The later might look delicious on paper. More profit,
               | less effort, less short term risk. All you have to do is
               | ignore the whale in the room.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | They _are_ increasing production. Fabs take multiple
               | years to come online. The modern semiconductor industry
               | moves only very slowly and at very great cost.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | There is no point in increasing production for a memory
               | standard that will be phased out next year unless you're
               | Chinese.
        
               | joecool1029 wrote:
               | No, they raise price because they can and demand isn't
               | showing signs of stopping despite increased prices. This
               | won't affect whether there's a shortage or not, besides
               | we're not talking direct to consumer float product, they
               | inked commitments.
               | 
               | If they didn't have a documented history of running
               | cartel price fixing schemes for LCD/OLED display tech,
               | NAND, and DRAM, I'd maybe agree with you but we have the
               | history. They cry every time about China 'dumping' for
               | not going along with the racket.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | They're raising prices in response to the same demand it
               | has ever been.
               | 
               | If they kept the price low they could still afford to
               | make RAM.
        
           | jml7c5 wrote:
           | It's easy to misread, but they're not arguing that. Note the
           | "eventually" and "but right now".
        
         | RobotToaster wrote:
         | It's amazing what can be achieved when you can plan 5 years in
         | advance, instead of just making the line go up for the next
         | quarter.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | Not five, but likely twenty-five. Not specific plans but
           | attention: situation changes all the time, but the interest
           | remains.
        
           | abtinf wrote:
           | History is littered with the corpses of those slaughtered by
           | the millions in the name of great leader's 5 year plans.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | And you don't think short term profit chasing has a death
             | count?
        
             | 0_____0 wrote:
             | That's the most obvious example of failure of Chinese
             | central planning. That and one child policy were abysmal
             | failures that resulted from shoddy science coupled to
             | effective central authority.
             | 
             | Look at the 12/13/14th 5 year plan (the most recently
             | passed). Do you think they achieved their goals?
             | 
             | If your headcanon is that the CCP is inept because they
             | caused crop failures 60 years ago... you could stand to
             | take a look at what they're doing _today_.
        
               | ahartmetz wrote:
               | I guess the summary is as simple as: Good five year plans
               | are great, bad five year plans are terrible.
               | 
               | There are sooo many variables in how one could go about
               | making and executing five year plans. They must have
               | figured out a couple of things that tend to work.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | If your headcanon is "5 year plans are great because some
               | chinese supplier has cheap DDR-4", I would submit a
               | gentle introduction to history is helpful (i.e. we took a
               | couple irrational great leaps forward from cheap DDR-4 =>
               | China owns the RAM market => 5 year plans are the way to
               | go)
        
               | christophilus wrote:
               | I think it's at least valid to conclude that a nation-
               | level commitment to taking over a specific industry can
               | work. You can gut your competitors and then dominate.
               | It's the Uber strategy applied at the geopolitical level.
               | 
               | If you could figure out how to get your country to
               | dominate the world economy without also allowing your
               | leaders to commit campaigns of mass-internment and
               | extermination, then maybe you'd have a decent political
               | system.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | You can only "gut" the competition if you're genuinely
               | able to supply at lowest cost in a sustainable way.
               | Selling at a loss and trying to make it up in volume is
               | not a very good strategy. The Uber strategy was betting
               | on having robotaxis everywhere, and then raising prices
               | when they found out that this wouldn't be a viable
               | solution in the near term.
        
               | xbmcuser wrote:
               | The big difference recently from the past is instead of
               | philosophers its scientists who are making the plans and
               | decisions in China so are willing to course correct
               | instead staying the course despite bad out comes.
        
               | impure-aqua wrote:
               | I don't know if that tracks, senior leadership was
               | heavily influenced towards implementing the one child
               | policy by the works of Song Jian, who came from a
               | rocketry background and presented a model whereby the
               | population would grow to an unsustainable level unless
               | corrective control was applied.
               | 
               | I think it is unlikely philosophers would have suggested
               | to treat population growth like tuning a PID controller.
        
               | daymanstep wrote:
               | UN birth rate projections have also been consistently
               | wrong for the past decades.
               | 
               | I think even most experts did not expect fertility rates
               | to follow the trend that it has been following for the
               | past few decades.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > I don't know if that tracks, senior leadership was
               | heavily influenced towards implementing the one child
               | policy by the works of Song Jian, who came from a
               | rocketry background and presented a model whereby the
               | population would grow to an unsustainable level unless
               | corrective control was applied.
               | 
               | The problem wasn't the idea of modeling itself, it was to
               | not be aware of what we know today from Africa - with
               | more wealth and especially less child mortality,
               | reproduction will drop in about one generation, even
               | without punitive governmental intervention. Even 60 years
               | ago, people tended to have anywhere from 3 to 5 children,
               | just because the chance was so high that at least two
               | would simply die before reaching adulthood.
               | 
               | But thanks due to better maternal healthcare,
               | vaccinations and OSHA, that mortality rate dropped
               | significantly, and so people adapted on their own - and
               | that's before getting into women being able to control
               | fertility on their own or housing/cost of living
               | exploding in the same timeframe.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | A good read in this area is Dan Wang's book - Breakneck
               | 
               | One could probably summarize it as having engineering
               | leaders solve engineering problems is good, but they can
               | very efficiently implement very bad social policies.
               | Likewise having non-STEM leaders in charge of things like
               | agricultural planning is also bad.
               | 
               | That said modern China is less socialist/communist than a
               | weird state capitalism machine with a dictatorship.
               | 
               | One big difference to modern China vs USSR for example is
               | instead of having 1-2 car companies churning out the cars
               | the state demands, you have more of a competitive local
               | government subsidized market. So they have 50+ car
               | companies all competing in the local marketplace for
               | sales, and eventually some good car companies have
               | surfaced. This was never going to happen with Lada.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | > a weird state capitalism machine with a dictatorship.
               | 
               | That's not a completely new model, either - Japan,
               | Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore all went through
               | remarkably similar phases. Countries have tended to
               | become freer and more democratic as they grow wealthy
               | enough to build a sustainable middle-class and a genuine
               | civil society that enjoys some basic independence from
               | government.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Yes, and thats where the west ended up going wrong in our
               | line of thinking. The assumption was if we facilitated
               | their transition into middle class economy / rich world
               | standards via trade deals and offshoring.. they'd follow
               | the same path as our now allies - JP/TW/SK/SG/etc.
               | 
               | That is - the assumption was democracy/civil liberties
               | would follow wealth. This has not held up. And the
               | promotion of Xi to supreme leader probably for life has
               | if anything pulled them further away from that path.
               | Things like the great firewall have helped him in that
               | effort.
        
               | trueismywork wrote:
               | One child policy has brought a demographic problem today
               | but has solved an existential problem in 70s
        
               | mystraline wrote:
               | Notice the go-to for capitalists against communism is
               | "Look at how many people they killed!!!"
               | 
               | No such metric is available for capitalist countries.
               | Thats because its *always* an individual failure in
               | capitalism, not political/societal.
               | 
               | You CHOSE not to have healthcare. (You work 1099, or work
               | a job that doesnt provide healthcare, due to tying job
               | and health.)
               | 
               | You CHOSE to go with UnitedHealthCare that denies 30% for
               | baseless reasons. (The company chose your plan, you have
               | no real choice here.)
               | 
               | You CHOSE to be homeless. (You can't force companies to
               | interview or hire you.)
               | 
               | You CHOSE to eat the only food nearby (You live in a food
               | desert).
               | 
               | Just from Hepatitis C, the company that makes Solvaldi
               | makes a cure. Costs $84k, $1000 a pill for 84 days.
               | 
               | But we see more and more deaths from Hep C. But this is a
               | "personal failure", not a systemic one in a capitalist
               | country.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | "Under capitalism, man oppresses man. Under socialism,
               | it's just the opposite"
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | Deaths in the Great Leap Forward were heavily concentrated
             | as compared to the Industrial Revolution but the death
             | tolls from IR-related famines weren't really all that far
             | off. Industrialization was messy everywhere.
             | 
             | The Irish Potato Famine alone killed 15% of Ireland vs the
             | GLF killing 5% of China.
             | 
             | That's not a reason not to plan 5 years in advance... is
             | it? Any more than the Potato Famine is a reason we should't
             | have capitalism.
             | 
             | I can't say that I've ever heard the argument that a plan
             | led to a famine therefore we should never make plans, when
             | we have great counterexamples that not planning also led to
             | famine. Feels like learning the wrong lesson here.
             | 
             | [edit] I also think it's worth pointing out that America's
             | response to the Dust Bowl was the Farm Bill, which it could
             | be argued is one of the largest-scale examples of central
             | planning in history. It continues to this day, and is part
             | of the reason Americans pay less as a share of their
             | spending on food than any other country on earth.
             | 
             | People say everyone remembers the hits, nobody remembers
             | the misses - but that is the opposite of true for
             | government. Everyone remembers the misses, nobody thinks
             | twice about the hits.
        
               | mystraline wrote:
               | The Irish Potato Famine was a constructed starvation by
               | England to Ireland. All of their real foodstuffs were
               | being stolen by England to run world-level wars
               | everywhere, and the Irish grew what they were permitted
               | to. Potatoes.
               | 
               | Then the disease hit.
        
             | nxobject wrote:
             | OP's point exactly: the Great Leap Forward is the _classic_
             | example of society murdering people to make the line go up
             | every quarter, no matter the cost or the truth.
        
             | gchamonlive wrote:
             | History is littered with corpses. For those willing to see
             | them.
        
           | victorbjorklund wrote:
           | Don't forget all the times those plans fail because the world
           | did not turn out to be what you thought it would.
        
           | andersmurphy wrote:
           | But, we do plan 5 years in advance. Cloud, VR, Crypto, and
           | now AI. All glorious five year plans from the Silicon Valley
           | Planning Bureau comrade.
        
         | SlinkyOnStairs wrote:
         | > It is wise for these Chinese fabs to eventually use a very
         | aggressive dumping strategy to price well below cost push out
         | other players forever, especially in DRAM.
         | 
         | It's not dumping, it's the opposite.
         | 
         | Sam Altman's stunt has created massive amounts of fictitious
         | demand (OpenAI isn't using those wafers it's ordering) and
         | triggered massive panic-buying from everyone else.
         | 
         | Prices are arteficially high, this has turbocharged China's fab
         | and R&D budgets as you observe.
         | 
         | > is about to pay off with some industry dominance soon.
         | 
         | They're not looking to dump the semiconductor markets. They're
         | looking to invade Taiwan.
         | 
         | All this buildout in their semiconductor industry is to detach
         | themselves from the western semiconductor industry that will
         | either sanction them if they invade Taiwan, or in the case of
         | TSMC, suffer major damage in the ensuing conflict.
         | 
         | That the collapse/destruction of the Taiwanese semiconductor
         | and electronics industries will utterly ruin the western tech
         | industry is somewhere between a happy coincidence and
         | acceptable collateral damage to them. No dumping required.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | > utterly ruin
           | 
           | I realize Intel has done some serious ball dropping over the
           | past two decades but you do realize the US has on shore
           | cutting edge fabs, right? It's only luxury consumer
           | electronics and the highest end corporate gear that use
           | cutting edge nodes to begin with.
           | 
           | Disruption of the cutting edge would certainly wreak havoc on
           | the pricing and specs of high end luxury electronics but that
           | would hardly be the end of the world. I still use a desktop
           | with DDR3 on a daily basis (granted the GPU is much newer
           | with GDDR6) and my laptop is from the early era of DDR4 ...
        
             | smw wrote:
             | > but you do realize the US has on shore cutting edge fabs,
             | right?
             | 
             | No they don't. Even the US partnerships with TSMC aren't
             | cutting edge.
             | 
             | TSMC and arguably Samsung have cutting edge fabs, no one
             | else.
        
           | dontlaugh wrote:
           | Why would they bother to invade Taiwan when they're winning
           | economically and diplomatically?
           | 
           | Public opinion in Taiwan is rapidly changing towards peaceful
           | re-unification and no one anywhere on earth trust the US will
           | help them with anything.
        
             | PowerElectronix wrote:
             | China economic numbers don't have a winning tune to the in
             | the least. I don't think taiwan could ever be taken by
             | force, but that doesn't matter as Xi Jinping seems to think
             | it's doable and is taking steps towards it (developing
             | landing ships, purging the military of oppsition and
             | pacifists, building a fleet and bombers...)
             | 
             | It would be very surprising to me that taiwan people think
             | a reunification is feasable while the CCP still exists,
             | just see how things are going in HK to see what would be
             | waiting taiwan if they reunite.
        
         | abtinf wrote:
         | > It is wise ... to price well below cost push out other
         | players forever
         | 
         | I challenge you to name a single successful example of this
         | that isn't state enforced.
        
           | stingraycharles wrote:
           | Amazon?
        
             | abtinf wrote:
             | Amazon was wildly profitable on a unit cost basis from
             | relatively early on. They didn't show profits on paper
             | because they reinvested everything into their capital
             | buildout to reduce costs even more.
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | I thought Amazon was selling quite a few items at a loss
               | to undercut competition early on?
        
               | ayewo wrote:
               | They did in some instances, not all.
               | 
               | A notable example where they ate $ millions in losses is
               | the Diapers.com story [1] [2].
               | 
               | [1]: https://slate.com/technology/2013/10/amazon-book-
               | how-jeff-be...
               | 
               | [2]: https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/07/emails-
               | detail-am...
        
           | api wrote:
           | All VC funded companies that release free or underpriced
           | products and services, capture market share, then raise
           | prices or enshittify?
           | 
           | The entire business model of VC funded tech?
        
             | abtinf wrote:
             | Typically, VC funded firms are inventing new markets
             | entirely.
             | 
             | Simply overcoming startup capital costs is not the argument
             | being made when folks claim dumping.
        
               | api wrote:
               | They are? Most of what VC funded companies do has been
               | done before at a smaller scale, often with less polish
               | and at a higher price.
               | 
               | VC money is used to scale up, cut costs with scale,
               | capture markets, and then usually prices go up later
               | depending on the economics.
               | 
               | The Chinese state is basically just acting as a big VC
               | fund for Chinese manufacturing industries. A VC fund with
               | a sovereign currency and the ability to sustain burn-mode
               | for decades.
               | 
               | It doesn't always work. There are some absurd examples of
               | Chinese waste produced this way like "ghost cities." But
               | when it works it works, and at tremendous scale, and they
               | can just dominate entire industries.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | It's questionable whether the ghost cities truly exist
               | though. I was under the impression they were a product of
               | China's bizarre savings and investment market, and that a
               | lot of them have since filled up?
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | They were a product of forward-looking planning. Those
               | cities were empty when built, but have since all filled
               | up.
               | 
               | Meanwhile in the west we don't build anything and then
               | are surprised when we run into insane housing shortages.
        
           | neves wrote:
           | Uber
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | Dumping is when you sell things for below cost. It is not
         | dumping when you charge a 500% markup instead of a 1000%
         | markup, even if the market is currently selling at that markup.
        
           | HauntingPin wrote:
           | I thought the same but when I googled, the results disagreed
           | with this point of view.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumping_(pricing_policy)
           | 
           | All the laws listed there define dumping as something being
           | sold below the "normal price" and there being some
           | quantifiable harm being done to local industry of the country
           | being exported to.
           | 
           | So it has nothing to do necessarily with the cost of
           | production, and based on this it could be considered price
           | dumping.
        
             | Yohvee7u wrote:
             | That's merely the marginalists at the WTO struggling to fit
             | their beliefs that value is subjective and unkowable into
             | the reality of commodity production.
        
               | HauntingPin wrote:
               | Okay, so what official sources do you base your
               | definition of price dumping on? Nobody is asking for your
               | opinion on what you think price dumping is. This is a
               | legally recognised thing, not just some random talking
               | point.
        
         | yogthos wrote:
         | I find people tend to miss the productive aspects of Chinese
         | state led investments because they don't consider their value
         | at scale. Take the HSR system, it has been derided time and
         | again as being wasteful, and too expensive, and so on. Yet, now
         | it's become a key artery for trade and commerce across China.
         | It allows goods to move at an incredible speed, boosts tourism,
         | and helps overall development of many regions which otherwise
         | wouldn't see much economic activity.
        
         | gchamonlive wrote:
         | Is China doing to DRAM what Amazon did to bookstores?
        
       | swed420 wrote:
       | Awesome. Hopefully storage is next.
        
       | nutjob2 wrote:
       | This is good news. The price you pay for jacking up your prices
       | is losing market share.
       | 
       | Once established, the Chinese vendors will retain most the market
       | share if the quality is ok. The SK/JP vendors are making a big
       | mistake.
        
         | xadhominemx wrote:
         | Everyone is completely sold out and adding capacity as quickly
         | as possible.
        
           | ErneX wrote:
           | Are they really adding capacity?
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | I am sure you can lock great prices for ram for 2035
             | delivery.
        
               | cmxch wrote:
               | If only on principle alone, could one secure a contract
               | to buy a few TB of DDR5 memory to be delivered in 2035?
               | 
               | And if so, how?
        
               | ReptileMan wrote:
               | Few TB probably not, but few EB I think you will be able
               | to make a contract.
        
               | cmxch wrote:
               | Oh well. Just wanted to do a commitment buy to at least
               | say "I don't care if my RDIMMs are long obsolete" for
               | some existing DDR5 builds I have.
        
             | xadhominemx wrote:
             | Yes of course. Looking at the share prices of their
             | suppliers-- ASML, Lam Research, Applied Materials, etc.
        
               | kvemkon wrote:
               | But since when? There are public announcements about new
               | energy deals since summer 2024. But I'm missing any
               | information about similar RAM/NAND/HDD deals back then,
               | so that corresponding shortages could be only for short
               | time until, say, summer 2026.
        
         | wrsh07 wrote:
         | It's not clear that raising your prices to match the
         | supply/demand curve is a mistake
         | 
         | They will compete on price if they are forced to, but they
         | aren't forced to right now
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | It ain't the price raise that's the mistake (even if that's
           | what's currently painful for those of us looking to buy RAM).
           | It's the willingness to _only_ raise prices, and not
           | meaningfully expand production, that 's the mistake.
        
             | Snoozus wrote:
             | Would you build a fab that costs billions and takes years
             | to start production because of a bubble?
        
       | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
       | This decade is going to end with Chinese dominance in everything.
       | Trump and AI handed them everything they need on a platter.
        
         | hyperman1 wrote:
         | Western European countries got dominant, then got arrogant,
         | letting the USA eat their lunch.
         | 
         | USA got dominant, got arrogant, letting China eat their lunch.
         | 
         | China is indeed getting dominant. They will get arrogant one
         | day. Meanwhile, Western Europe and the USA are still very good
         | places to live.
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | The pertinent question, then, is who's gonna eat China's
           | lunch?
           | 
           | My guess would be south/southeast Asia (India and Vietnam
           | seem especially promising), but if the US was smart it'd put
           | its efforts fully toward as many infrastructure investments
           | and trade agreements and immigration agreements as possible
           | to create a pan-American economic union. We have the
           | resources and technology to turn every country in North and
           | South America into an industrial and technological
           | powerhouse. We have the resources and technology to finally
           | conquer the Darien Gap and connect North and South America
           | with highways and high-speed rail. We have the resources and
           | technology to go on the offense against drug cartels (while
           | also eliminating the failed border controls and drug
           | prohibitions that keep those cartels in business in the first
           | place).
           | 
           | If we're gonna be imperialists, then by golly let's at least
           | be productive about it.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | China's big. It has a long way to go before all of it
             | becomes developed enough that they have to worry about
             | someone else eating their lunch.
             | 
             | And Latin American nations can't get started on economic
             | development because their governance sucks. It's actually a
             | decades-old problem, and not one that the U.S. can do much
             | about. The one country that probably has the best shot
             | right now is Argentina, let's see how they do.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | > not one that the U.S. can do much about
               | 
               | Are you forgetting all those times the US sabotaged
               | various south american governments?
        
           | est wrote:
           | > China is indeed getting dominant. They will get arrogant
           | one day
           | 
           | China was dominant. They got arrogant before 1840, then
           | there's 100 years of humiliation.
        
           | Snoozus wrote:
           | Exactly, there are no losers here, everyone gets lunch.
        
       | Magnets wrote:
       | This is just marketing. Why would you sell at 50% of market rate?
       | Chinese production of NAND and DRAM is not significant, it's
       | single digit %
        
         | amluto wrote:
         | It might be very effective marketing. The big non-Chinese OEMs
         | trust and use Korean and Japanese DRAM, and they might have
         | been unwilling to put DRAM from CXMT into their products. (CXMT
         | is newish, does not have access to ASML gear, which ASML would
         | like you to believe makes it harder to make high-quality DRAM,
         | DRAM is historically not a very large fraction of the cost of
         | most non-huge-memory machines, and a bad DIMM is an expensive
         | mistake for a company like Dell or HPE that is on the hook for
         | repairs.)
         | 
         | But now CXMT seems to have gotten at least Dell, HP (I wonder
         | if the article meant HPE), Acer and Asus to buy and attempt to
         | qualify samples. If CXMT lands some serious purchasing
         | agreements while still selling well above cost, that's a win
         | for them.
        
         | deepsquirrelnet wrote:
         | Does the last part of your comment explain it? They need
         | revenue to expand capacity and the market has opened up a
         | window to become a bigger supplier while still being
         | profitable.
        
         | Tadpole9181 wrote:
         | > Why would you sell at 50% of market rate?
         | 
         | Because market rate is a 400%+ markup right now and not
         | everyone is a greedy American kleptocrat with a diagnosable
         | addiction to extracting every possible cent of wealth on the
         | planet within a single fiscal quarter.
        
           | simoncion wrote:
           | Yeah. Seriously.
           | 
           | I can see a few other benefits to the "Sell at a reasonable
           | markup, rather than 'market price'" strategy.
           | 
           | * You get a reputation for _not_ price-gouging.
           | 
           | * Your company gets used to operating with "enough" cash,
           | rather than having "crazy" amounts of cash that it might be
           | tempted to spend on misadventures.
           | 
           | * When the collapse of LLM Mania burns the LLM industry and
           | its hangers-on to the ground, you get to keep your prices the
           | same and keep your business practices the same... rather than
           | scrambling to figure out how to make do with _far_ less cash.
        
       | 7777777phil wrote:
       | DDR4 going from $1.35 to $11.50 in a year shows this market was
       | already distorted before CXMT showed up.
       | 
       | Legacy DRAM is still over half of Samsung and SK hynix's
       | production capacity. That's where the volume pain actually lands
       | while they're betting everything on HBM4.
        
         | bigbadfeline wrote:
         | A near 10 times price rise of legacy chips and surely a lot
         | higher profit increase couldn't motivate SKamsunix to increase
         | their capacity for that segment, even more, they proudly
         | informed the market about their decision to stop making DDR4 at
         | the end of this year... to focus on even higher margin
         | products.
         | 
         | But they aren't going to stop whining about China, no matter
         | how much pain the market experiences.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Great moment to break into the market if you're willing to
       | forfeit profits
        
       | fulafel wrote:
       | Has DDR5 caught up to DDR4 latency yet? I remember it was worse
       | at least in the beginning. There's more bandwidth per channel but
       | a hw design can always add more channels for the desired BW. Not
       | so for latency.
        
         | kvemkon wrote:
         | > add more channels
         | 
         | and unfortunately increase latency even more with registered
         | DIMMs. Comparing bandwidth increase (50 GB/s) to the stagnated
         | latency (~80..120 ns total, less than ~0.1 GB/s) over last
         | decades, I'm wondering, whether one still can call today's RAM
         | _random_ memory (though sure it can be accessed randomly).
         | Similar to hard disk drives. Up to 300 MB /s sequentially but
         | only up to less than 1 MB/s 4KB random (read).
        
           | fhars wrote:
           | People have been wondering that for a while:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19304281
        
       | maxglute wrote:
       | Still no confirmation if CXMT or YMTC actually removed from
       | entity list, until then this is jus cheap domestic inputs.
        
         | wcoenen wrote:
         | As far as I understand, the "entity list" you are referring to
         | is part of the "Export Administration Regulations", so it
         | restricts sales from the US to restricted entities, not the
         | other way around.
        
       | alecco wrote:
       | Good news. Now we need Chinese manufacturers of DDR4 chipsets and
       | motherboards.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Chipsets don't determine the RAM type and all motherboards have
         | been made in China for a while.
        
           | alecco wrote:
           | Taiwan dominates the global motherboard industry. (ASUS,
           | Gigabyte, MSI, ASRock, etc. and MediaTek etc)
           | 
           | The big Taiwanese manufacturers are chasing the AI dragon.
           | 
           | https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20251021PD219/ai-server-
           | asro... (Oct 2025)
           | 
           | OTOH, now I read small Taiwanese manufacturers who are left
           | out of the Nvidia supply chain are reverting to DDR4
           | motherboards because of the DDR5 shortage. Strange times.
        
         | lelanthran wrote:
         | > Good news. Now we need Chinese manufacturers of DDR4 chipsets
         | and motherboards.
         | 
         | Search aliexpress for X99 dual socket motherboards.
        
       | DoctorOetker wrote:
       | Is there a reason GPU's don't use insane "blocks" of sdcard slots
       | (for massively parallel io) so the model weights don't need to
       | pass through a limited PCI bus?
        
         | Neywiny wrote:
         | Yes. Let's do the math. The fastest sd cards can read at around
         | 300 MB/s (https://havecamerawilltravel.com/fastest-sd-cards/).
         | Modern GPUs use 16 lanes of PCIe gen 5, which is 16x32Gb/s =
         | 512Gb/s = 64 GB/s. Meaning you'd need over 200 of the fastest
         | SD cards. So what you're asking is: is there a reason GPUs
         | don't use 200 SD cards? And I can't think of any way that would
         | work
        
           | hedgehog wrote:
           | SD is obviously the wrong interface for this but "High
           | Bandwidth Flash" (stacked flash akin to HBM) is in
           | development for exactly this kind of problem. AMD actually
           | made a GPU with onboard flash maybe a decade ago but I think
           | it was a bit early. Today I would love to have a pool of
           | 50GB/s storage attached to the GPU.
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | First gen HBF is targeting something like 1.2 TB/s!
        
               | hedgehog wrote:
               | Oh definitely. The AMD past product just stuck 4x m.2
               | slots onto the board. Today that approach would be 50-60
               | GB/s read speed which would be useful enough for
               | something that any of the vendors could build with
               | existing components.
        
           | magicalhippo wrote:
           | Some years ago I realized that if I had oodles of money to
           | spend I would totally get someone to make a PCIe card with
           | like several hundreds microSD cards on it.
           | 
           | You can buy vertical microSD connectors, so you can stack
           | quite a lot of them on a PCIe card. Then a beefy FPGA to
           | present it as a NVMe device to the host.
           | 
           | Goal total capacity, as you can put 1TB cards in there. And
           | for teh lulz of course.
        
             | 15155 wrote:
             | This isn't a very difficult thing to build, but I am
             | curious - what's the point? Who is the market?
        
               | magicalhippo wrote:
               | The main point would be teh lulz as mentioned, and the
               | market would be me. You know, just because it's possible.
               | 
               | Physically easy to build, main challenge for me would be
               | FPGA implementation.
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | One thing to note, those aren't the fastest SD cards, those
           | are the fastest UHS-II SD cards. The future is SD Express and
           | you can already get microSDs at 900 MB/s.
        
             | Neywiny wrote:
             | SD expires cards are still on my watch list after seeing
             | this https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/9/22665216/sd-express-
             | card-s.... But even then, that's only 3x faster, so you're
             | still putting down 71 ish (I think my original number was
             | 213.33) cards, which means 71 PCIe PHYs and NVMe stacks.
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | Maybe latency. IIRC flash is a lot laggier than DRAMs and
         | SRAMs.
        
           | DoctorOetker wrote:
           | The random access memory models is not really representative
           | of ML workloads (both training and inference), where
           | multiplying large tensors result in predictable memory access
           | patterns.
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | The next gen inference chips will use High Bandwidth Flash
         | (HBF) to store model weights.
         | 
         | These are made similarly to HBM but are lower power and much
         | higher capacity. They can also be used for caching to reduce
         | costs when processing long chat sessions.
        
       | decryption wrote:
       | That explains the cheap DDR4 DIMMs on AliExpress. Can get 2x 16GB
       | DDR4-3200 DIMMs for A$252 delivered to Australia. A local PC
       | store has same spec "name brand" RAM for around $380-$400.
       | 
       | https://a.aliexpress.com/_mssanU1
        
         | Forgeties79 wrote:
         | These prices are insane. I can't believe that's what
         | constitutes a good deal right now.
        
           | Forgeties79 wrote:
           | For context, I spent $105 USD (all in) for 2x16gb DDR5 ram
           | last April
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | 2x48GB DDR5 for $285 last March.
             | 
             | Turns out I got the wrong kit for that build and had to buy
             | another. It was too late to return it.
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | Brutal
        
               | blackoil wrote:
               | If you still have that wrong kit, now it's the time to
               | sell it to make a fortune.
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | Look at pricing for hard drives, SSDs and even USB flash
           | drives.
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | This. I just had to replace a failing NVME m.2 stick, 2TB,
             | that I bought 4 years ago. It was over $100 more than when
             | I bought it. It was painful.
        
       | guerrilla wrote:
       | I was wondering when people would find out about CXMT. I wish
       | them luck and hope the US doesn't sabotage them. We need
       | diversity and competition right now.
        
       | 127 wrote:
       | The cure for high prices is high prices.
        
       | kristianp wrote:
       | Also moving into HBM:
       | 
       | > CXMT is in the process of converting wafer capacity equivalent
       | to about 20 percent of its total DRAM output -- some 60,000
       | wafers per month -- at its Shanghai plant to the fourth-
       | generation HBM3 chip production
        
       | yellowapple wrote:
       | > the average fixed contract price of PC DRAM DDR4 8Gb stood at
       | $11.50
       | 
       | If that's the case, then why are the cheapest options I can find
       | online multiple times that much?
        
         | alex43578 wrote:
         | Brent crude is $71 a barrel, but you can't buy gas for $1.69.
         | Why's that?
        
           | dizhn wrote:
           | Are you able to buy crude by the gallon and refine it
           | yourself? That would bring the cost down a bit.
        
             | bigfatkitten wrote:
             | You can buy oil on the market and take delivery, yes.
             | Figuring out the logistics (tanker trucks, rail cars,
             | storage tanks etc) will also be your problem though.
             | 
             | Commodities markets aren't like eBay, nobody is just going
             | to FedEx you a barrel of oil.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | > nobody is just going to FedEx you a barrel of oil.
               | 
               | I'm sure someone will if you pay enough. But you
               | certainly won't be getting the market standard bulk
               | price.
        
         | dogma1138 wrote:
         | Because that's just the price for the dies, still need
         | packaging, integration and then retail distribution. Also raw
         | BOM is like 1/5th of the retail price usually.
        
           | Tuna-Fish wrote:
           | Raw BOM is much higher than 1/5th of retail price for ram.
           | Some industries have higher margins than others.
           | 
           | 11.5*8 = 92. I'm seeing plenty of DDR4 sticks below that
           | price.
        
             | dogma1138 wrote:
             | The 11.5 isn't the raw bom for the sticks that's the cost
             | of the dies.
        
         | namibj wrote:
         | That's a small b, that's gigabit. And that matches e.g. a
         | "crucial pro udimm 64GB kit ddr4-3200 cl22-22-22 2Rx8" being at
         | about 100$ a year ago.
         | 
         | Currently they sell here in Germany for 409EUR each, that's
         | 6.25EUR for half of each of the 16Gbit chips on that kit.
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | > That's a small b, that's gigabit.
           | 
           | That explains it, thanks!
        
       | yanhangyhy wrote:
       | Whenever China is mentioned, it's always about government
       | subsidies, as if Samsung didn't receive government subsidies when
       | it was developing
        
         | throwaway290 wrote:
         | remind me is Samsung's source subsidies also regularly
         | attacking every country's telecoms and infrastructure
        
           | 361994752 wrote:
           | is CXMT attacking every contry?
        
             | throwaway290 wrote:
             | its owner and boss
             | 
             | but sure if they are ordered to they will, good point too;)
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | How many countries has China bombed in, say, the last
               | year, and how does that compare to the other superpower
               | (and the washed out has-been superpower) in the room?
               | 
               | It's difficult to comprehend the gall and hypocrisy
               | requires to kvetch about this when there are four carrier
               | strike groups sitting in the Gulf _right now_.
        
               | throwaway290 wrote:
               | what are you talking about? since when Samsung suddenly
               | become American? how many did South Korea bomb?
        
               | yehat wrote:
               | dude, you're way too excited. I understand your
               | sentiment, but it applies for everyone these days. Just
               | depends which propaganda you like more.
        
           | bhouston wrote:
           | I've heard that Samsung's business practices can be quite
           | predatory. Basically if you have cool tech and you try to
           | sell it to Samsung, you'll often get a few meetings and then
           | they will go silent and then what you were trying to sell
           | them will be offered by them as a new product about a year
           | later. At least this was the situation like a decade ago.
           | 
           | I think this is because they are a huge conglomerate and
           | there are divisions and groups that specialize in everything
           | and their (Samsung) culture is to do everything as much as
           | possible in house.
        
             | throwaway290 wrote:
             | > you'll often get a few meetings and then they will go
             | silent and then what you were trying to sell them will be
             | offered by them as a new product about a year later
             | 
             | This is how business works anywhere. there are no
             | charities. whatever you say to investors or suppliers they
             | can use so you better be careful have lawyers and set up
             | correctly.
             | 
             | (The caveat is of course when Chinese companies do this
             | your lawyers can do nothing while in a developed country
             | you can have some recourse)
             | 
             | But even if Samsung was super predatory business wise it is
             | beside the point. if they both get subsidies and de facto
             | are close to their governments then you have to look at
             | what their governments do. If you like what CCP is doing,
             | it's your choice
        
           | erxam wrote:
           | You mean the US? Yeah, they are.
        
             | throwaway290 wrote:
             | sorry forgot Samsung is a US company
        
         | dakolli wrote:
         | Samsung IS the government.
        
       | walterbell wrote:
       | https://wccftech.com/apple-eyeing-a-partnership-with-chinese...
       | Apple has planned to explore cooperation with Chinese memory chip
       | manufacturers Yangtze Storage (YMTC) and Changxin Storage (CXMT)
       | to strive for more favorable supply contracts [from the big
       | three]
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | Back in the 1990's everyone had to have a unix workstation for
       | unclear reasons (why not run Linux for < 10% the cost?).
       | 
       | There were crazy bubble economics schemes that meant doomed
       | startups got unix boxes for free.
       | 
       | When the bubble popped, the workstation vendors hit a triple
       | whammy: Inferior $/perf, unlimited used inventory at low prices,
       | and an economic downturn.
       | 
       | The same exact thing is happening now, except the hardware is
       | being jammed into data center models.
       | 
       | Anyway, when the bubble pops, people making affordable consumer
       | stuff will be fine (like this CXMT company).
       | 
       | People that went all-in on firing all non-hyperscaler customers
       | (like micron/crucial) will find they're building the wrong chips
       | for end-user devices, there is no server market anymore (for a
       | few years), and they have a total addressable market of maybe
       | 1000 distressed companies, globally.
       | 
       | I predict the people making these decisions and destroying their
       | companies to juice Q2 2026 financial _outlook_ numbers will
       | genuinely be surprised when the bankruptcies start.
        
         | throwaway85825 wrote:
         | They wont be allowed to go bankrupt.
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | Everyone here wants to be able to buy RAM at a reasonable price
       | again.
       | 
       | After reading articles about CXMT and repeatedly reviewing the
       | comments here - my take is there's nothing in play that will lead
       | to reasonably priced RAM anytime soon.
       | 
       | If I'm wrong please illuminate us. We could use some hope.
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | Can Apple, Dell and HP lobbyists convince US regulators to lift
         | restrictions on working with Chinese memory manufacturers, at
         | least until Micron's new semiconductor fabs can ship US-made
         | DRAM and SSDs to US OEMs in 2028? https://wccftech.com/cxmt-
         | ymtc-removed-from-pentagon-list-op...                 The
         | Pentagon has withdrawn the document that suggested updates to
         | Section 1260H
         | 
         | https://www.wsj.com/tech/micron-is-spending-200-billion-to-b...
         | | https://archive.is/XKSpC                 Each fab will be
         | 600,000 square feet--the size of more than 10 football fields--
         | making them some of the biggest "clean rooms" ever built in
         | America. To prepare the site, engineers have already blasted
         | through more than 7 million pounds of dynamite. An army of
         | construction workers, building contractors and architects have
         | set up a small city's worth of trailers so they can work around
         | the clock.
        
       | trash_cat wrote:
       | Geopolitics and industrial policty aside, I think it's important
       | to check how stable and reliable these chips are. I wouldn't
       | count on them being on par with "western" ones. Correct me if I
       | am wrong here.
        
         | ErneX wrote:
         | Even Apple is looking into them as providers. And imagine what
         | the money Apple can provide in advance can do for their
         | manufacturing needs if they are serious about securing memory
         | supply for their product lines.
        
       | globemaster99 wrote:
       | Most of the westerners and Americans got no idea about What they
       | are talking.
       | 
       | Chinese economy is a carefully engineered financial and
       | industrial capitalism, that focuses on what real people need in
       | the real world.
       | 
       | American oligarchy really focus on financial engineering with
       | profits on stock prices and quarterly profits.
        
       | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
       | Flashbacks incoming
       | 
       | https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-03-28-mn-698-st...
        
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