[HN Gopher] AI is not a coworker, it's an exoskeleton
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI is not a coworker, it's an exoskeleton
        
       Author : benbeingbin
       Score  : 485 points
       Date   : 2026-02-19 19:55 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.kasava.dev)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.kasava.dev)
        
       | delichon wrote:
       | If we find an AI that is truly operating as an independent agent
       | in the economy without a human responsible for it, we should kill
       | it. I wonder if I'll live long enough to see an AI terminator
       | profession emerge. We could call them blade runners.
        
         | WolfeReader wrote:
         | It happened not too long ago!
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46990729
        
           | Windchaser wrote:
           | Was it ever verified that this was an independent AI?
        
             | throwaway314155 wrote:
             | It was not. In the article, first few paragraphs.
        
         | orphea wrote:
         | > an AI that is truly operating as an independent agent in the
         | economy without a human responsible for it
         | 
         | Sounds like the "customer support" in any large company (think
         | Google, for example), to be honest.
        
       | m_ke wrote:
       | It's the new underpaid employee that you're training to replace
       | you.
       | 
       | People need to understand that we have the technology to train
       | models to do anything that you can do on a computer, only thing
       | that's missing is the data.
       | 
       | If you can record a human doing anything on a computer, we'll
       | soon have a way to automate it
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | Exactly. If there's any opportunity around AI it goes to those
         | who have big troves of custom data (Google Workspace, Office
         | 365, Adobe, Salesforce, etc.) or consultants adding data
         | capture/surveillance of workers (especially high paid ones like
         | engineers, doctors, lawyers).
        
         | cesarvarela wrote:
         | LLMs have a large quantity of chess data and still can't play
         | for shit.
        
           | iugtmkbdfil834 wrote:
           | Hm.. but do they need it.. at this point, we do have custom
           | tools that beat humans. In a sense, all LLM need is a way to
           | connect to that tool ( and the same is true is for counting
           | and many other aspects ).
        
             | Windchaser wrote:
             | Yeah, but you know that manually telling the LLM to operate
             | other custom tools is not going to be a long-term solution.
             | And if an LLM could design, create, and operate a separate
             | model, and then return/translate its results to you, that
             | would be huge, but it also seems far away.
             | 
             | But I'm ignorant here. Can anyone with a better background
             | of SOTA ML tell me if this is being pursued, and if so, how
             | far away it is? (And if not, what are the arguments against
             | it, or what other approaches might deliver similar
             | capacities?)
        
               | yunyu wrote:
               | This has been happening for the past year on verifiable
               | problems (did the change you made in your codebase work
               | end-to-end, does this mathematical expression validate,
               | did I win this chess match, etc...). The bulk of data, RL
               | environment, and inference spend right now is on coding
               | agents (or broadly speaking, tool use agents that can
               | make their own tools).
               | 
               | Recent advances in mathematical/physics research have all
               | been with coding agents making their own "tools" by
               | writing programs: https://openai.com/index/new-result-
               | theoretical-physics/
        
           | dwohnitmok wrote:
           | Not anymore. This benchmark is for LLM chess ability:
           | https://github.com/lightnesscaster/Chess-LLM-
           | Benchmark?tab=r.... LLMs are graded according to FIDE rules
           | so e.g. two illegal moves in a game leads to an immediate
           | loss.
           | 
           | This benchmark doesn't have the latest models from the last
           | two months, but Gemini 3 (with no tools) is already at 1750 -
           | 1800 FIDE, which is approximately probably around 1900 - 2000
           | USCF (about USCF expert level). This is enough to beat almost
           | everyone at your local chess club.
        
             | deadbabe wrote:
             | Why do we care about this? Chess AI have long been solved
             | problems and LLMs are just an overly brute forced approach.
             | They will never become very efficient chess players.
             | 
             | The correct solution is to have a conventional chess AI as
             | a tool and use the LLM as a front end for humanized output.
             | A software engineer who proposes just doing it all via raw
             | LLM should be fired.
        
               | rodiger wrote:
               | It's a proxy for generalized reasoning.
               | 
               | The point isn't that LLMs are the best AI architecture
               | for chess.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | > It's a proxy for generalized reasoning.
               | 
               | And so for I am only convinced that they have only
               | succeeded on appearing to have generalized reasoning.
               | That is, when an LLM plays chess they are performing
               | Searle's Chinese room thought experiment while claiming
               | to pass the Turing test
        
               | deadbabe wrote:
               | Why? Beating chess is more about searching a probability
               | space, not reasoning.
               | 
               | Reasoning would be more like the car wash question.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | It's not entirely clear how LLMs that can play chess do
               | so, but it is clearly very different from the way other
               | machines do so. The construct a board, they can estimate
               | a players skill and adjust accordingly, and unlike other
               | machines and similarly to humans, they are sensitive to
               | how a certain position came to be when predicting the
               | next move.
               | 
               | Regardless, there's plenty of reasoning in chess.
        
               | deadbabe wrote:
               | It's very clear how, chess moves and positions are vector
               | encoded into their training data, when they are prompted
               | with a certain board state, they respond with the most
               | probable response to that. There is no reason.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | Actual Researchers can't give you a complete answer but
               | you can. Whatever you say.
        
             | cesarvarela wrote:
             | Yeah, but 1800 FIDE players don't make illegal moves, and
             | Gemini does.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | That benchmark methodology isn't great, but regardless,
               | LLMs can be trained to play Chess with a 99.8% legal move
               | rate.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | That doesn't exactly sound like strong chess play.
        
               | dwohnitmok wrote:
               | It's enough to reliably beat amateur (e.g. maia-1900)
               | chess engines.
        
               | dwohnitmok wrote:
               | 1800 FIDE players do make illegal moves. I believe they
               | make about one to two orders of magnitude less illegal
               | moves than Gemini 3 does here. IIRC the usual statistic
               | for expert chess play is about 0.02% of expert chess
               | games have an illegal move (I can look that up later if
               | there's interest to be sure), but that is only the ones
               | that made it into the final game notation (and weren't
               | e.g. corrected at the board by an opponent or arbiter).
               | So that should be a lower bound (hence why it could be up
               | to one order lower, although I suspect two orders is
               | still probably closer to the truth).
               | 
               | Whether or not we'll see LLMs continue to get a lower
               | error rate to make up for those orders of magnitude
               | remains to be seen (I could see it go either way in the
               | next two years based on the current rate of progress).
        
               | cesarvarela wrote:
               | A player at that level making an illegal move is either
               | tired, distracted, drunk, etc. An LLM makes it because it
               | does not really "understand" the rules of chess.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | I think LLM's are just fundamentally the wrong AI
               | technique for games like this. You don't want a
               | prediction for the next move, you want the best move
               | given knowledge of how things would play out 18 moves
               | ahead if both players played the optimal move. Outside of
               | an academic interest/curiosity, there isn't really a
               | reason to use LLMs for chess other than thinking LLMs
               | will turn into AGI (I doubt it)
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | Wait, I may be missing something here. These benchmarks are
             | gathered by having models play each other, and the second
             | illegal move forfeits the game. This seems like a flawed
             | method as the models who are more prone to illegal moves
             | are going to bump the ratings of the models who are less
             | likely.
             | 
             | Additionally, how do we know the model isn't benchmaxxed to
             | eliminate illegal moves.
             | 
             | For example, here is the list of games by Gemini-3-pro-
             | preview. In 44 games it preformed 3 illegal moves (if I
             | counted correctly) but won 5 because opponent forfeits due
             | to illegal moves.
             | 
             | https://chessbenchllm.onrender.com/games?page=5&model=gemin
             | i...
             | 
             | I suspect the ratings here may be significantly inflated
             | due to a flaw in the methodology.
             | 
             | EDIT: I want to suggest a better methodology here (I am not
             | gonna do it; I really really really don't care about this
             | technology). Have the LLMs play rated engines and rated
             | humans, the first illegal move forfeits the game (same
             | rules apply to humans).
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | That's a devastating benchmark design flaw. Sick of these
               | bullshit benchmarks designed solely to hype AI. AI
               | boosters turn around and use them as ammo, despite not
               | understanding them.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | I like this game between grok-4.1-fast and maia-1100
               | (engine, not LLM).
               | 
               | https://chessbenchllm.onrender.com/game/37d0d260-d63b-4e4
               | 1-9...
               | 
               | This exact game has been played 60 thousand times on
               | lichess. The peace sacrifice Grok performed on move 6 has
               | been played 5 million times on lichess. Every single move
               | Grok made is also the top played move on lichess.
               | 
               | This reminds me of Stefan Zweig's _The Royal Game_ where
               | the protagonist survived Nazi torture by memorizing every
               | game in a chess book his torturers dropped (excellent
               | book btw. and I am aware I just committed Godwin's law
               | here; also aware of the irony here). The protagonist
               | became "good" at chess, simply by memorizing a lot of
               | games.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | The LLMs that can play chess, i.e not make an illegal
               | move every game do not play it simply by memorized plays.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | Relax. Anyone who's genuinely interested in the question
               | will see with a few searches that LLMs can play chess
               | fine, although the post-trained models mostly seem to be
               | regressed. Problem is people are more interested in
               | validating their own assumptions than anything else.
               | 
               | https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.15498
               | 
               | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17186
               | 
               | https://github.com/adamkarvonen/chess_gpt_eval
        
               | dwohnitmok wrote:
               | > That's a devastating benchmark design flaw
               | 
               | I think parent simply missed until their later reply that
               | the benchmark includes rated engines.
        
               | dwohnitmok wrote:
               | The LLMs do play rated engines (maia and eubos). They
               | provide the baselines. Gemini e.g. consistently beats the
               | different maia versions.
               | 
               | The rest is taken care of by elo. That is they then play
               | each other as well, but it is not really possible for
               | Gemini to have a higher elo than maia with such a small
               | sample size (and such weak other LLMs).
               | 
               | Elo doesn't let you inflate your score by playing low
               | ranked opponents if there are known baselines (rated
               | engines) because the rated engines will promptly crush
               | your elo.
               | 
               | You could add humans into the mix, the benchmark just
               | gets expensive.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | I did indeed miss something. I learned after posting (but
               | before my EDIT) that there are anchor engines that they
               | play.
               | 
               | However these benchmarks still have flaws. The two
               | illegal moves = forfeit is an odd rule which the authors
               | of the benchmarks (which in this case was Claude Code)
               | added[1] for mysterious reasons. In competitive play if
               | you play an illegal move you forfeit the game.
               | 
               | Second (and this is a minor one) Maia 1900 is currently
               | rated at 1774 on lichess[2], but is 1816 on the
               | leaderboard, to the author's credit they do admit this in
               | their methodology section.
               | 
               | Third, and this is a curiosity, gemini-3-pro-preview
               | seems to have played the same game twice against Maia
               | 1900[3][4] and in both cases Maia 1900 blundered (quite
               | suspiciously might I add) mate in one when in a winning
               | position with Qa3?? Another curiosity about this game.
               | Gemini consistently played the top 2 moves on lichess.
               | Until 16. ...O-O! (which has never been played on
               | lichess) Gemini had played 14 most popular lichess moves,
               | and 2 second most popular. That said I'm not gonna rule
               | out that the fact that this game is listed twice might
               | stem from an innocent data entry error.
               | 
               | And finally, apart from Gemini (and Survival bot for some
               | reason?), LLMs seem unable to pass Maia-1100 (rated 1635
               | on lichess). The only anchor bot before that is random
               | bot. And predictably LLMs cluster on both sides of it,
               | meaning they play as well as random (apart from the
               | illegal moves). This smells like benchmaxxing from
               | Gemini. I would guess that the entire lichess repertoire
               | features prominently in Gemini's training data, and the
               | model has memorized it really well. And is able to play
               | extremely well if it only has to play 5-6 novel moves
               | (especially when their opponent blunders checkmate in 1).
               | 
               | 1: https://github.com/lightnesscaster/Chess-LLM-
               | Benchmark/commi...
               | 
               | 2: https://lichess.org/@/maia9
               | 
               | 3: https://chessbenchllm.onrender.com/game/6574c5d6-c85a-
               | 4cb3-b...
               | 
               | 4: https://chessbenchllm.onrender.com/game/4af82d60-8ef4-
               | 47d8-8...
        
               | dwohnitmok wrote:
               | > The two illegal moves = forfeit is an odd rule which
               | the authors of the benchmarks (which in this case was
               | Claude Code) added[1] for mysterious reasons. In
               | competitive play if you play an illegal move you forfeit
               | the game.
               | 
               | This is not true. This is clearly spelled out in FIDE
               | rules and is upheld at tournaments. First illegal move is
               | a warning and reset. Second illegal move is forfeit. See
               | here https://rcc.fide.com/article7/
               | 
               | I doubt GDM is benchmarkmaxxing on chess. Gemini is a
               | weird model that acts very differently from other LLMs so
               | it doesn't surprise me that it has a different capability
               | profile.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | >> _7.5.5 After the action taken under Article 7.5.1,
               | 7.5.2, 7.5.3 or 7.5.4 for the first completed illegal
               | move by a player, the arbiter shall give two minutes
               | extra time to his /her opponent; for the second completed
               | illegal move by the same player the arbiter shall declare
               | the game lost by this player. However, the game is drawn
               | if the position is such that the opponent cannot
               | checkmate the player's king by any possible series of
               | legal moves._
               | 
               | I stand corrected.
               | 
               | I've never actually played competitive chess, I've just
               | heard this from people who do. And I thought I remembered
               | once in the Icelandic championships where a player
               | touched one piece but moved the other, and subsequently
               | made to forfeit the game.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Replying in a split thread to clearly separate where I
               | was wrong.
               | 
               | If Gemini is so good at chess because of a non-LLM
               | feature of the model, then it is kind of disingenuous to
               | rate it as an LLM and claim that LLMs are approaching
               | 2000 ELO. But the fact it still plays illegal moves
               | sometimes, is biased towards popular moves, etc. makes me
               | think that chess is still handled by an LLM, and makes me
               | suspect benchmaxxing.
               | 
               | But even if no foul play, and Gemini is truly a capable
               | chess player with nothing but an LLM underneath it, then
               | all we can conclude is that Gemini can play chess well,
               | and we cannot generalize to other LLMs who play about the
               | level of random bot. My fourth point above was my
               | strongest point. There are only 4 anchor engines, one
               | beats all LLMs, second beats all except Gemini, the third
               | beats all LLMs except Gemini and Survival bot (what is
               | Survival bot even doing there?) and the forth is random
               | bot.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | They have literally every chess game in existence to train
             | on, and they can't do better than 1800?
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | Why do you think they won't continue to improve?
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | Because of how LLM's work. I don't know exactly how
               | they're using it for chess, but here's a guess. If you
               | consider the chess game a "conversation" between two
               | opponents, the moves written out would be the context
               | window. So you're asking the LLM, "given these last 30
               | moves, what's the most likely next move?". Ie, you're
               | giving it a string like "1. e4 e5, 2. Nf3 Nc6, 3. Bb5 a6,
               | 4..?".
               | 
               | That's basically what you're doing with LLMs in any
               | context "Here's a set of tokens, what's the most likely
               | continuation?". The problem is, that's the wrong question
               | for a chess move. If you're going with "most likely
               | continuation", that will work great for openings and
               | well-studied move sequences (there are a lot of well
               | studied move sequences!), however, once the game becomes
               | "a brand new game", as chess streamers like to say when
               | there's no longer a game in the database with that set of
               | moves, then "what's the most likely continuation from
               | this position?" is not the right question.
               | 
               | Non-LLM AI's have obviously solved chess, so, it doesn't
               | really matter -- I think Chess shows how LLM's lack of a
               | world model as Gary Marcus would say is a problem.
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | Are you saying an LLM can't produce a chess engine that will
           | easily beat you?
        
             | emp17344 wrote:
             | Plagiarizing Stockfish doesn't make me good at chess. Same
             | principle applies.
        
           | menaerus wrote:
           | Did you already forget about the AlphaZero?
        
         | polotics wrote:
         | How much practice have you got on software development with
         | agentic assistance. Which rough edges, surprising failure
         | modes, unexpected strengths and weaknesses, have you already
         | identified?
         | 
         | How much do you wish someone else had done your favorite SOTA
         | LLM's RLHF?
        
         | xyzzy123 wrote:
         | Sure, but do you want abundance of software, or scarcity?
         | 
         | The price of having "star trek computers" is that people who
         | work with computers have to adapt to the changes. Seems worth
         | it?
        
           | worldsayshi wrote:
           | My only objection here is that technology wont save us unless
           | we also have a voice in how it is used. I don't think
           | personal adaptation is enough for that. We need to adapt our
           | ways to engage with power.
        
           | almostdeadguy wrote:
           | Both abundance and scarcity can be bad. If you can't imagine
           | a world where abundance of software is a very bad thing, I'd
           | suggest you have a limited imagination?
        
           | krackers wrote:
           | Abundance of services before abundance of physical resources
           | seems like the worst of both worlds.
        
             | lanfeust6 wrote:
             | Aggressively expanding solar would make electrical power a
             | solved problem, and other previously non-abatable sources
             | of kinetic energy are innovating to use this instead of
             | fossil fuels
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | It's not worth it because we don't have the Star Trek culture
           | to go with it.
           | 
           | Given current political and business leadership across the
           | world, we are headed to a dystopian hellscape and AI is
           | speeding up the journey exponentially.
        
         | Gigachad wrote:
         | Data clearly isn't the only issue. LLMs have been trained on
         | orders of magnitude more data than any person has ever seen.
        
         | badgersnake wrote:
         | I think we're past the "if only we had more training data" myth
         | now. There are pretty obviously far more fundamental issues
         | with LLMs than that.
        
           | m_ke wrote:
           | i've been working in this field for a very long time, i
           | promise you, if you can collect a dataset of a task you can
           | train a model to repeat it.
           | 
           | the models do an amazing job interpolating and i actually
           | think the lack of extrapolation is a feature that will allow
           | us to have amazing tools and not as much risk of
           | uncontrollable "AGI".
           | 
           | look at seedance 2.0, if a transformer can fit that, it can
           | fit anything with enough data
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | It's a strange economical morbid dependency. AI companies
         | promises incredible things but AI agents cannot produce it
         | themselves, they need to eat you slowly first.
        
           | gtowey wrote:
           | Perfect analogy for capitalism.
        
         | mylifeandtimes wrote:
         | > the new underpaid employee that you're training to replace
         | you.
         | 
         | and who is also compiling a detailed log of your every action
         | (and inaction) into a searchable data store -- which will
         | certainly never, NEVER be used against you
        
       | pavlov wrote:
       | _> "The AI handles the scale. The human interprets the meaning."_
       | 
       | Claude is that you? Why haven't you called me?
        
         | ares623 wrote:
         | But the meaning has been scaled massively. So the human still
         | kinda needs to handle the scale.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | An electric bicycle for the mind.
        
         | ares623 wrote:
         | I prefer mind vibe-rator.
        
         | nancyminusone wrote:
         | An electric chair for the mind?
        
         | clickety_clack wrote:
         | Maybe more of a mobility scooter for the mind.
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | Indeed that may be more apt.
           | 
           | I like the ebike analogy because [on many ebikes] you can
           | press the button to go or pedal to amplify your output.
        
         | oxag3n wrote:
         | Owners intent is more like electric chair (for SWEs), but some
         | people are trying to use it as office chair.
        
       | blibble wrote:
       | an exoskeleten made of cheese
        
       | bGl2YW5j wrote:
       | I like the analogy and will ponder it more. But it didn't take
       | long before the article started spruiking Kasava's amazing
       | solution to the problem they just presented.
        
       | ge96 wrote:
       | It's funny developing AI stuff eg. RAG tools and being against AI
       | at the same time, not drinking the kool aid I mean.
       | 
       | But it's fun, I say "Henceforth you shall be known as Jaundice"
       | and it's like "Alright my lord, I am now referred to as Jaundice"
        
       | functionmouse wrote:
       | blogger who fancies themselves an ai vibe code guru with 12 arms
       | and a 3rd eye yet can't make a homepage that's not totally broken
       | 
       | How typical!
        
       | mikkupikku wrote:
       | Exoskeletons sound cool but somebody please put an LLM into a
       | spider tank.
        
       | lukev wrote:
       | Frankly I'm tired of metaphor-based attempts to explain LLMs.
       | 
       | Stochastic Parrots. Interns. Junior Devs. Thought partners.
       | Bicycles for the mind. Spicy autocomplete. A blurry jpeg of the
       | web. Calculators but for words. Copilot. The term "artificial
       | intelligence" itself.
       | 
       | These may correspond to a greater or lesser degree with what LLMs
       | are capable of, but if we stick to metaphors as our primary tool
       | for reasoning about these machines, we're hamstringing ourselves
       | and making it impossible to reason about the frontier of
       | capabilities, or resolve disagreements about them.
       | 
       | A understanding-without-metaphors isn't easy -- it requires a
       | grasp of math, computer science, linguistics and philosophy.
       | 
       | But if we're going to move forward instead of just finding
       | slightly more useful tropes, we _have_ to do it. Or at least to
       | try.
        
         | gf263 wrote:
         | "The day you teach the child the name of the bird, the child
         | will never see that bird again."
        
         | cmsp12 wrote:
         | Well since their capabilities change over time maybe it would
         | be useful to assign it an age based on what a human can do at
         | that age. Right now it could be like a 13 year old
        
       | xlerb wrote:
       | Humans don't have an internal notion of "fact" or "truth." They
       | generate statistically plausible text.
       | 
       | Reliability comes from scaffolding: retrieval, tools, validation
       | layers. Without that, fluency can masquerade as authority.
       | 
       | The interesting question isn't whether they're coworkers or
       | exoskeletons. It's whether we're mistaking rhetoric for
       | epistemology.
        
         | kiba wrote:
         | A much more useful tool is a technology that check for our
         | blind spots and bugs.
         | 
         | For example fact checking a news article and making sure what's
         | get reported line up with base reality.
         | 
         | I once fact check a virology lecture and found out that the
         | professor confused two brothers as one individual.
         | 
         | I am sure about the professor having a super solid grasp of how
         | viruses work, but errors like these probably creeps in all the
         | time.
        
         | whyenot wrote:
         | > LLMs aren't built around truth as a first-class primitive.
         | 
         | neither are humans
         | 
         | > They optimize for next-token probability and human approval,
         | not factual verification.
         | 
         | while there are outliers, most humans also tend to tell people
         | what they want to hear and to fit in.
         | 
         | > factuality is emergent and contingent, not enforced by
         | architecture.
         | 
         | like humans; as far as we know, there is no "factuality" gene,
         | and we lie to ourselves, to others, in politics, scientific
         | papers, to our partners, etc.
         | 
         | > If we're going to treat them as coworkers or exoskeletons, we
         | should be clear about that distinction.
         | 
         | I don't see the distinction. Humans exhibit many of the same
         | behaviours.
        
           | 13415 wrote:
           | Strangely, the GP replaced the ChatGPT-generated text you're
           | commenting on by an even worse and more misleading ChatGPT-
           | generated one. Perhaps in order to make a point.
        
           | recursive wrote:
           | If an employee repeatedly makes factually incorrect
           | statements, we will (or could) hold them accountable. That
           | seems to be one difference.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | There's a ground truth to human cognition in that we have to
           | feed ourselves and survive. We have to interact with others,
           | reap the results of those interactions, and adjust for the
           | next time. This requires validation layers. If you don't see
           | them, it's because they're so intrinsic to you that you can't
           | see them.
           | 
           | You're just indulging in sort of idle cynical judgement of
           | people. To lie well even takes careful truthful evaluation of
           | the possible effects of that lie and the likelihood and
           | consequences of being caught. If you yourself claim to have
           | observed a lie, and can verify that it was a lie, then you
           | understand a truth; you're confounding truthfulness with
           | _honesty._
           | 
           | So that's the (obvious) distinction. A distributed algorithm
           | that predicts likely strings of words doesn't do any of that,
           | and doesn't have any concerns or consequences. It doesn't
           | exist at all (even if calculation is existence - maybe we're
           | all reductively just calculators, right?) _after_ your query
           | has run. You have to save a context and feed it back into an
           | algorithm that hasn 't changed an iota from when you ran it
           | the last time. There's no capacity to evaluate _anything._
           | 
           | You'll know we're getting closer to the fantasy abstract AI
           | of your imagination when a system gets more out of the second
           | time it trains on the same book than it did the first time.
        
         | emp17344 wrote:
         | Ethical realists would disagree with you.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | > Humans don't have an internal notion of "fact" or "truth."
         | They generate statistically plausible text.
         | 
         | This doesn't jive with reality at all. Language is a relatively
         | recent invention, yet somehow Homo sapiens were able to survive
         | in the world and even use tools before the appearance of
         | language. You're saying they did this without an internal
         | notion of "fact" or "truth"?
         | 
         | I hate the trend of downplaying human capabilities to make the
         | wild promises of AI more plausible.
        
       | dwheeler wrote:
       | I prefer the term "assistant". It can do some tasks, but today's
       | AI often needs human guidance for good results.
        
       | yifanl wrote:
       | AI is not an exoskeleton, it's a pretzel: It only tastes good if
       | you douse it in lye.
        
         | rishabhaiover wrote:
         | it's a dry scone
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | Or software engineers are not coachmen while AI is diesel engine
       | to horses. Instead, software engineers are mistrels -- they
       | disappear if all they do is moving knowledge from one place to
       | another.
        
       | oxag3n wrote:
       | > We're thinking about AI wrong.
       | 
       | And this write up is not an exception.
       | 
       | Why even bother thinking about AI, when Anthropic and OpenAI CEOs
       | openly tell us what they want (quote from recent Dwarkesh
       | interview) - "Then further down the spectrum, there's 90% less
       | demand for SWEs, which I think will happen but this is a
       | spectrum."
       | 
       | So save thinking and listen to intent - replace 90% of SWEs in
       | near future (6-12 months according to Amodei).
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Not without some major breakthrough. What's hilarious is that
         | all these developers building the tools are going to be the
         | first to be without jobs. Their kids will be ecstatic: "Tell me
         | again, dad, so, you had this awesome and well paying easy job
         | and you wrecked it? Shut up kid, and tuck in that flap, there
         | is too much wind in our cardboard box."
        
           | metaltyphoon wrote:
           | I have a feeling they internally say "not me, I won't be
           | replaced" and just keep moving...
        
             | oxag3n wrote:
             | Or they get FY money and fatFIRE.
        
               | danny_codes wrote:
               | Still risky if you have no labor value anymore.
        
           | moron4hire wrote:
           | "Well son, we made a lot of shareholder value."
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | Couldn't agree more, isn't that the bizarre thing? "We have
           | this great intellectually challenging job where we as workers
           | have leverage. How can we completely ruin that while also
           | screwing up every other white collar profession"
        
             | entrox wrote:
             | Why is it bizarre? It is inevitable. After all, AI has not
             | ruined creative professions, it merely disrupted and
             | transformed them. And yes, I fully understand my whole
             | comment here being snarky, but please bear with me.
             | 
             | Let's rewind 4 years to this HN article titled "The AI Art
             | Apocalypse": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32486133
             | and read some of the comments.
             | 
             | > Actually all progress will definitely will have a huge
             | impact on a lot of lives--otherwise it is not progress. By
             | definition it will impact many, by displacing those who
             | were doing it the old way by doing it better and faster.
             | The trouble is when people hold back progress just to
             | prevent the impact. No one should be disagreeing that the
             | impact shouldn't be prevented, but it should not be at the
             | cost of progress.
             | 
             | Now it's the software engineers turn to not hold back
             | progress.
             | 
             | Or this one: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34541693
             | 
             | > [...] At the same time, a part of me feels art has no
             | place being motivated by money anyway. Perhaps this change
             | will restore the balance. Artists will need to get real
             | jobs again like the rest of us and fund their art as a side
             | project.
             | 
             | Replace "Artists" with "Coders" and imagine a plumber
             | writing that comment.
             | 
             | Maybe this one:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34856326
             | 
             | > [...] Artists will still exist, but most likely as hybrid
             | 3d-modellers, AI modelers (Not full programmers, but able
             | to fine-tune models with online guides and setups, can read
             | basic python), and storytellers (like manga artists). It'll
             | be a higher-pay, higher-prestige, higher-skill-requirement
             | job than before. And all those artists who devoted their
             | lives to draw better, find this to be an incredibly brutal
             | adjustment.
             | 
             | Again, replace "Artists" with coders and fill in the
             | replacement.
             | 
             | So, please get in line and adapt. And stop clinging to your
             | "great intellectually challenging job" because you are
             | holding back progress. It can't be that challenging if it
             | can be handled by a machine anyway.
        
               | tovej wrote:
               | The premise of those comments, just like the premise in
               | this thread, is ridiculous and fantastical.
               | 
               | The only way generative AI has changed the creative arts
               | is that it's made it easier to produce low quality slop.
               | 
               | I would not call that a true transformation. I'd call
               | that saving costs at the expense of quality.
               | 
               | The same is true of software. The difference is, unlike
               | art, quality in software has very clear safety and
               | security implications.
               | 
               | This gen AI hype is just the crypto hype all over again
               | but with a sci-fi twist in the narrative. It's a worse
               | form of work just like crypto was a worse form of money.
        
               | entrox wrote:
               | I do not disagree, in fact I'm feeling more and more
               | Butlerian with every passing day. However, it is
               | undeniable that a transformation is taking place -- just
               | not necessarily to the better.
        
               | topocite wrote:
               | I just don't understand this line of thinking.
               | 
               | Gen AI is the opposite of crypto. The use is immediate,
               | obvious and needs no explanation or philosophizing.
               | 
               | You are basically showing your hand that you have zero
               | intellectual curiosity or you are delusional in your own
               | ability if you have never learned anything from gen AI.
        
               | tovej wrote:
               | I play with generative AI quite often. Mostly for shits
               | and giggles. It's fun to try to make it hallucinate in
               | the dumbest way possible. Or to make up context.
               | 
               | E.g. try to make any image generating model take an
               | existing photo of a humanoid and change it so the
               | character does a backflip.
               | 
               | It's also interesting to generate images in a long loop,
               | because it usually reveals interesting patterns in the
               | training data.
               | 
               | Outside these distractions I've never had generative AI
               | be useful. And I'm currently working in AI research.
        
               | mattmanser wrote:
               | I still can't get over how bad the coca cola AI generated
               | Xmas advert was. That someone approved it for release too
               | boggles my mind.
               | 
               | And, bizarrely, I've really not bought any since. It's
               | diminished my desire for the brand.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | > It is inevitable.
               | 
               | Is it though? I agree the technology evolving is
               | inevitable, but, the race/rush to throw as much money at
               | scaling and marketing as possible before these things are
               | profitable and before society is ready is not inevitable
               | at all. It feels extremely forced. And the way it's being
               | shoved into every product to juice usage numbers seems to
               | agree with me that it's all premature and rushed and most
               | people don't really want it. The bubble is essentially
               | from investing way more money in datacenters and GPU's
               | than they can even possibly pay for or build, and there's
               | no evidence there's even a market for using that
               | capacity!
               | 
               | It's funny you bring up artists, because I used to work
               | in game development and I've worked with a lot of
               | artists, and they almost universally HATE this stuff.
               | They're not like "oh thank you Mr. Altman", they're more
               | like "if we catch you using AI we'll shun you." And it's
               | not just producers, a lot of gamers are calling out games
               | that are made using AI, so the customers are mad too.
               | 
               | You keep talking about "progress", but "progress" towards
               | what exactly? So far these things aren't making anything
               | new or advancing civilization, they're remixing stuff we
               | already did well before, but sloppily. I'm not saying
               | they don't have a place -- they definitely do, they can
               | be useful. My argument is against the bizarre hype
               | machine and what sometimes seems like sock puppets on
               | social media. If the marketting was just "hey, we have
               | this neat AI, come use it" I think there'd be a lot less
               | backlash then people saying "Get in line and adapt"
               | 
               | > And stop clinging to your "great intellectually
               | challenging job" because you are holding back progress.
               | 
               | Man, I really wish I had the power you think I have.
               | Also, I use these tools daily, I'm deeply familiar with
               | them, I'm not holding back anyone's progress, not even my
               | own. That doesn't mean I think they're beyond criticism
               | or that the companies behind them are acting responsibly,
               | or that every product is great. I plan to be part of the
               | future, but I'm not just going to pretend like I think
               | every part of it is brilliant.
               | 
               | > It can't be that challenging if it can be handled by a
               | machine anyway.
               | 
               | This will be really funny when it comes for your job.
        
           | arcxi wrote:
           | Is it the first time when workers directly work on their own
           | replacement? If so, software developer may go down in history
           | as the dumbest profession ever.
        
           | rXwubXUGAm wrote:
           | I'm assuming they all have enough equity that if they
           | actually managed to build an AI capable of replacing
           | themselves they'll be financially set for the rest of their
           | lives.
        
         | Galanwe wrote:
         | I don't think anyone serious believes this. Replacing
         | developers with a less costly alternative is obviously a very
         | market bullish dream, it has existed since as long as I've
         | worked in the field. First it was supposed to be UML generated
         | code by "architects", then it was supposed to be developers
         | from developing countries, then no-code frameworks, etc.
         | 
         | AI will be a tool, no more no less. Most likely a good one, but
         | there will still need to be people driving it, guiding it,
         | fixing for it, etc.
         | 
         | All these discourses from CEO are just that, stock market
         | pumping, because tech is the most profitable sector, and
         | software engineers are costly, so having investors dream about
         | scale + less costs is good for the stock price.
        
           | oxag3n wrote:
           | Ah, don't take me wrong - I don't believe it's possible for
           | LLMs to replace 90% or any number of SWEs with existing
           | technology.
           | 
           | All I'm saying is - why to think what AI is (exoskeleton, co-
           | worker, new life form), when its owners intent is to create
           | SWE replacement?
           | 
           | If your neighbor is building a nuclear reactor in his shed
           | from a pile of smoke detectors, you don't say "think about
           | this as a science experiment" because it's impossible, just
           | call police/NRC because of intent and actions.
        
             | xyzsparetimexyz wrote:
             | > If your neighbor is building a nuclear reactor in his
             | shed from a pile of smoke detectors, you don't say "think
             | about this as a science experiment" because it's
             | impossible, just call police/NRC because of intent and
             | actions.
             | 
             | Only if you're a snitch loser
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | If you gave the LLM your carefully written UML maybe its
           | output would be better lol. That's what we're missing, a
           | mashup of the hype cycle tools.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | The funny thing is I think these things would work much better
         | if they WEREN'T so insistent on the agentic thing. Like, I find
         | in-IDE AI tools a lot more precise and I usually move just as
         | fast as a TUI with a lot less rework. But Claude is CONSTANTLY
         | pushing me to try to "one shot" a big feature while asking me
         | for as little context as possible. I'd much rather it work with
         | me as opposed to just wandering off and writing a thousand
         | lines. It's obviously designed for anthropic's best interests
         | rather than mine.
        
           | joquarky wrote:
           | Tell it to ask clarifying questions.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | I do. But, there's a lot of annoying things about it being
             | a TUI. I can't select a block of text in my editor and ask
             | it to do something with it. It doesn't know what I'm
             | looking at. Giving it context feels imprecise because I'm
             | writing out filenames by hand instead of referencing them
             | with the tools. A lot of other small things that I find are
             | better in an IDE
        
         | dasil003 wrote:
         | I sort of agree the random pontification and bad analogies
         | aren't super useful, but I'm not sure why you would believe the
         | intent of the AI CEOs has more bearing on outcomes than, you
         | know, actual utility over time. I mean those guys are so far
         | out over their skis in terms of investor expectations, it's the
         | last opinion I would take seriously in terms of best-effort
         | predictions.
        
         | IX-103 wrote:
         | Where is this "90% less demand for SWEs" going to come from?
         | Are we going to run out software to write?
         | 
         | Historically when SWEs became more efficient then we just
         | started making more complicated software (and SWE demand
         | actually increased).
        
           | elevatortrim wrote:
           | That happens in times of bullish markets and growing
           | economies. Then we want a lot of SWEs.
           | 
           | In times of uncertainty and things going south, that changes
           | to we need as little SWEs as possible, hence the current
           | narrative, everyone is looking to cut costs.
           | 
           | Had GPT 3 emerged 10-20 years ago, the narrative would be
           | "you can now do 100x more thanks to AI".
        
         | anyonecancode wrote:
         | If the goal is to reduce the need for SWE, you don't need AI
         | for that. I suspect I'm not alone in observing how companies
         | are often very inefficient, so that devs end up spending a lot
         | of time on projects of questionable value--something that seems
         | to happen more often the larger the organization. I recall at
         | one job my manager insisted I delegate building a react app for
         | an internal tool to a team of contractors rather than letting
         | me focus for two weeks and knock it out myself.
         | 
         | It's always the people management stuff that's the hard part,
         | but AI isn't going to solve that. I don't know what my previous
         | manager's deal was, but AI wouldn't fix it.
        
       | filipeisho wrote:
       | By reading the title, I already know you did not try OpenClaw. AI
       | employees are here.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | Looking into OpenClaw, I really do want to believe all the
         | hype. However, it's frustrating that I can find very few,
         | concrete examples of people showcasing their work with it.
         | 
         | Can you highlight what you've managed to do with it?
        
           | tokenless wrote:
           | That ol' question. Reminds me of new cryptocurrency
           | opportunities of 2019. "Few understand this" as they say.
        
         | esafak wrote:
         | What are your digital 'employees' doing? Did they replace any
         | humans or was there nobody before?
        
       | givemeethekeys wrote:
       | Closer to a really capable intern. Lots of potential for good and
       | bad; needs to be watched closely.
        
         | badgersnake wrote:
         | I've been playing with qwen3-coder recently and that intern is
         | definitely not getting hired, despite the rave reviews
         | elsewhere.
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | Have you tried Claude Code with Opus or Sonnet 4.5? I've
           | played around with a ton of open models and they just don't
           | compare in terms of quality.
        
             | badgersnake wrote:
             | Honestly I'm not very keen on a SAAS company deciding what
             | code I'm allowed to write, or charging me to write it.
        
               | icedchai wrote:
               | I get it. I still experiment with local AI as a hobby,
               | but the quality just isn't there.
        
       | finnjohnsen2 wrote:
       | I like this. This is an accurate state of AI at this very moment
       | for me. The LLM is (just) a tool which is making me "amplified"
       | for coding and certain tasks.
       | 
       | I will worry about developers being completely replaced when I
       | see something resembling it. Enough people worry about that (or
       | say it to amp stock prices) -- and they like to tell everyone
       | about this future too. I just don't see it.
        
         | DrewADesign wrote:
         | Amplified means more work done by fewer people. It doesn't need
         | to replace a single entire functional human being to do things
         | like kill the demand for labor in dev, which in turn, will kill
         | salaries.
        
           | finnjohnsen2 wrote:
           | I would disagree. Amplified meens me and you get more s**
           | done.
           | 
           | Unless there a limited amount of software we need to produce
           | per year globally to keep everyone happy, then nobody wants
           | more -- and we happen to be at that point right NOW this
           | second.
           | 
           | I think not. We can make more (in less time) and people will
           | get more. This is the mental "glass half full" approach I
           | think. Why not take this mental route instead? We don't know
           | the future anyway.
        
             | kiba wrote:
             | Jevon's paradox means this is untrue because it means more
             | work not less.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | Jevon's Paradox is an important observation but I don't
               | think it's an immutable law of the universe,
        
               | topocite wrote:
               | It is a 19th century economic observation around the use
               | of coal.
               | 
               | It is like saying the PDF is going to be good for
               | librarian jobs because people will read more. It is
               | stupid. It completely breaks down because of
               | substitution.
               | 
               | Farming is the most obvious comparison to me in this.
               | Yes, there will be more food than ever before, the farmer
               | that survives will be better off than before by a lot but
               | to believe the automation of farming tasks by machines
               | leads to more farm jobs is completely absurd.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | Hm. More of what? Functionality, security, performance?
             | 
             | Current software is often buggy because the pressure to
             | ship is just too high. If AI can fix some loose threads
             | within, the overall quality grows.
             | 
             | Personally, I would welcome a massive deployment of AI to
             | root out various zero-days from widespread libraries.
             | 
             | But we may instead get a larger quantity of even more buggy
             | software.
        
             | DrewADesign wrote:
             | In fact, there isn't infinite demand for software.
             | Especially not for _all kinds_ of software.
             | 
             | And if corporate wealth means people get paid more, why are
             | companies that are making more money than ever laying off
             | so many people? Wouldn't they just be happy to use them to
             | meet the inexhaustible demand for software?
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | I do wonder though if we have about enough (or too much)
             | software.
             | 
             | I hear people complaining about software being forced on
             | them to do things they did just fine without software
             | before, than people complaining about software they want
             | that doesn't exist.
        
               | dasil003 wrote:
               | Yeah I think being annoyed by software is far more
               | prevalent than wishing for more software. That said, I
               | think there is still a lot of room for software growth as
               | long as it's solving real problems and doesn't get in
               | people's way. What I'm not sure about is what will the
               | net effect of AI be overall when the dust settles.
               | 
               | On one hand it is very empowering to individuals, and
               | many of those individuals will be able to achieve grander
               | visions with less compromise and design-by-committee. On
               | the other hand, it also enables an unprecedented level of
               | slop that will certainly dilute the quality of software
               | overall. What will be the dominant effect?
        
           | emp17344 wrote:
           | This is incorrect. It's basic economics - technology that
           | boosts productivity results in higher salaries and more jobs.
        
             | gorjusborg wrote:
             | Well, that depends on whether the technology requires
             | expertise that is rare and/or hard to acquire.
             | 
             | I'd say that using AI tools effectively to create software
             | systems is in that class currently, but it isn't
             | necessarily always going to be the case.
        
             | DrewADesign wrote:
             | That's not basic economics. Basic economics says that
             | salaries are determined by the demand for labor vs the
             | supply of labor. With more efficiency, each worker does
             | more labor, so you need fewer people to accomplish the same
             | thing. So unless the demand for their product increases
             | around the same rate as productivity increases, companies
             | will employ fewer people. Since the market for products is
             | not infinite, you only need as much labor as you require to
             | meet the demand for your product.
             | 
             | Companies that are doing better than ever are laying people
             | off by the shipload, not giving people raises for a job
             | well done.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | Nah, most of it just gets returned to capital holders.
        
             | topocite wrote:
             | You obviously haven't thought about economics much at all
             | to say something this simplistic.
             | 
             | There are so many counter examples of this being wrong that
             | it is not even worth bothering.
             | 
             | I love economics, but it is largely a field based around
             | half truths and intellectual fraud. It is actually why it
             | is an interesting subject to study.
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Denial of economic truths is denial of science. Not sure
               | what to tell you. What parts do you reject?
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | The more likely outcome is that fewer devs will be hired as
         | fewer devs will be needed to accomplish the same amount of
         | output.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | The old shrinking markets aka lump of labour fallacy. It's a
           | bit like dreaming of that mythical day, when all of the work
           | will be done.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | No it's not that.
             | 
             | Tell me, when was the last time you visited your shoe
             | cobbler? How about your travel agent? Have you chatted with
             | your phone operator recently?
             | 
             | The lump labour fallacy says it's a fallacy that automation
             | reduces the net amount of human labor, importantly, across
             | all industries. It does not say that automation won't
             | eliminate or reduce jobs in specific industries.
             | 
             | It's an argument that jobs lost to automation aren't a big
             | deal because there's always work somewhere else but not
             | necessarily in the job that was automated away.
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | Jobs are replaced when new technology is able to produce
               | an equivalent or better product that meets the demand,
               | cheaper, faster, more reliably, etc. There is no evidence
               | that the current generation of "AI" tools can do that for
               | software.
               | 
               | There is a whole lot of marketing propping up the
               | valuations of "AI" companies, a large influx of new users
               | pumping out supremely shoddy software, and a split in a
               | minority of users who either report a boost in
               | productivity or little to no practical benefits from
               | using these tools. The result of all this momentum is
               | arguably net negative for the industry and the world.
               | 
               | This is in no way comparable to changes in the footwear,
               | travel, and telecom industries.
        
               | danny_codes wrote:
               | I was with you till like a month ago. Now I'm not so
               | sure..
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | Current generation "AI" has already largely solved
               | cheaper, faster, and more reliable. But it hasn't figured
               | out how to curb demand. So far, the more software we
               | build, the more people want even more software. Much like
               | is told in the lump of labor fallacy, it appears that
               | there is no end to finding productive uses for software.
               | And certainly that has been the "common wisdom" for at
               | least the last couple of decades; that whole "software is
               | eating the world" thing.
               | 
               | What changed in the last month that has you thinking that
               | a demand wall is a real possibility?
        
           | slopinthebag wrote:
           | When computers came onto the market and could automate a
           | large percentage of office jobs, what happened to the job
           | market for office jobs?
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | They changed, significantly.
             | 
             | We lost the pneumatic tube [1] maintenance crew.
             | Secretarial work nearly went away. A huge number of
             | bookkeepers in the banking industry lost their jobs. The
             | job a typist was eliminated/merged into everyone else's
             | job. The job of a "computer" (someone that does
             | computations) was eliminated.
             | 
             | What we ended up with was primarily a bunch of customer
             | service, marketing, and sales workers.
             | 
             | There was never a "office worker" job. But there were a lot
             | of jobs under the umbrella of "office work" that were
             | fundamentally changed and, crucially, your experience in
             | those fields didn't necessarily translate over to the new
             | jobs created.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qman4N3Waw4
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | I expect something like this will happen to some degree,
               | although not to the extent of what happened with
               | computers.
               | 
               | But the point is that we didn't just lose all of those
               | jobs.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Right, and my point is that specific jobs, like the job
               | of a dev, were eliminate or significantly curtailed.
               | 
               | New jobs may be waiting for us on the other side of this,
               | but my job, the job of a dev, is specifically under
               | threat with no guarantee that the experience I gained as
               | a dev will translate into a new market.
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | I think as a dev if you're just gluing API's together or
               | something akin to that, similar to the office jobs that
               | got replaced, you might be in trouble, but tbh we should
               | have automated that stuff _before_ we got AI. It 's kind
               | of a shame it may be automated by something not
               | deterministic tho.
               | 
               | But like, if we're talking about all dev jobs being
               | replaced then we're also talking about most if not all
               | knowledge work being automated, which would probably
               | result in a fundamental restructuring of society. I don't
               | see that happening anytime soon, and if it does happen
               | it's probably impossible to predict or prepare for
               | anyways. Besides maybe storing rations and purchasing
               | property in the wilderness just in case.
        
           | NewEntryHN wrote:
           | This implication completely depends on the elasticity (or
           | lack thereof) of demand for software. When marginal profit
           | from additional output exceeds labor cost savings, firms
           | expand rather than shrink.
        
       | sibeliuss wrote:
       | This utterly boring AI writing. Go, please go away...
        
       | acjohnson55 wrote:
       | > Autonomous agents fail because they don't have the context that
       | humans carry around implicitly.
       | 
       | Yet.
       | 
       | This is mostly a matter of data capture and organization. It
       | sounds like Kasava is already doing a lot of this. They just need
       | more sources.
        
         | bwestergard wrote:
         | Self-conscious efforts to formalize and concentrate information
         | in systems controlled by firm management, known as "scientific
         | management" by its proponents and "Taylorism" by many of its
         | detractors, are a century old[1]. It has proven to be a
         | constantly receding horizon.
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_management
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | In the latest interview with Claude Code's author:
       | https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/lennys-podcast-product...,
       | Boris said that writing code is a solved problem. This brings me
       | to a hypothetical question: what if engineers stop contributing
       | to open source, in which case would AI still be powerful enough
       | to learn the knowledge of software development in the future? Or
       | is the field of computer science plateaued to the point that most
       | of what we do is linear combination of well established patterns?
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | Or does the field _become_ plateaued because engineers treat
         | "writing code" as a "solved problem?"
         | 
         | We could argue that writing poetry is a solved problem in much
         | the same way, and while I don't think we especially need 50,000
         | people writing poems at Google, we do still need poets.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | > we especially need 50,000 people writing poems at Google,
           | we do still need poets.
           | 
           | I'd assume that an implied concern of most engineers is how
           | many software engineers the world will need in the future. If
           | it's the situation like the world needing poets, then the
           | field is only for the lucky few. Most people would be out of
           | job.
        
         | fhub wrote:
         | He is likely working on a very clean codebase where all the
         | context is already reachable or indexed. There are probably
         | strong feedback loops via tests. Some areas I contribute to
         | have these characteristics, and the experience is very similar
         | to his. But in areas where they don't exist, writing code isn't
         | a solved problem until you can restructure the codebase to be
         | more friendly to agents.
         | 
         | Even with full context, writing CSS in a project where vanilla
         | CSS is scattered around and wasn't well thought out originally
         | is challenging. Coding agents struggle there too, just not as
         | much as humans, even with feedback loops through browser
         | automation.
        
           | swordsith wrote:
           | Truth. I've had much easier time grappling with code bases I
           | keep clean and compartmentalized with AI, over-stuffing
           | context is one of the main killers of its quality.
        
           | pseudosavant wrote:
           | It's funny that "restructure the codebase to be more friendly
           | to agents" aligns really well with what we have "supposed" to
           | have been doing already, but many teams slack on: quality
           | tests that are easy to run, and great documentation. Context
           | and verifiability.
           | 
           | The easier your codebase is to hack on for a human, the
           | easier it is for an LLM generally.
        
             | giancarlostoro wrote:
             | I had this epiphany a few weeks ago, I'm glad to see others
             | agreeing. Eventually most models will handle large enough
             | context windows where this will sadly not matter as much,
             | but it would be nice for the industry to still do
             | everything to make better looking code that humans can see
             | and appreciate.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | It's really interesting. It suggests that intelligence is
             | intelligence, and the electronic kind also needs the same
             | kinds of organization that humans do to quickly make sense
             | of code and modify it without breaking something else.
        
             | cromka wrote:
             | Turns out the single point of failure irreplaceable type of
             | employees who intentionally obfuscated the projects code
             | for the last 10+ years were ahead of their time.
        
           | michaelbuckbee wrote:
           | Having picked up a few long neglected projects in the past
           | year, AI has been tremendous in rapidly shipping quality of
           | dev life stuff like much improved test suites, documenting
           | the existing behavior, handling upgrades to newer framework
           | versions, etc.
           | 
           | I've really found it's a flywheel once you get going.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | All those people who thought clean well architected code
           | wasn't important...now with LLMs modifying code it's even
           | more important.
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | > He is likely working on
           | 
           | ... a laundry list phone app.
        
         | therealpygon wrote:
         | I don't believe people who have dedicated their lives to open
         | source will simply want to stop working on it, no matter how
         | much is or is not written by AI. I also have to agree, I find
         | myself more and more lately laughing about just how much
         | resources we waste creating exactly the same things over and
         | over in software. I don't mean generally, like languages, I
         | mean specifically. How many trillions of times has a form with
         | username and password fields been designed, developed, had
         | meetings over, tested, debugged, transmitted, processed, only
         | to ultimately be re-written months later?
         | 
         | I wonder what all we might build instead, if all that time
         | could be saved.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | > I don't believe people who have dedicated their lives to
           | open source will simply want to stop working on it, no matter
           | how much is or is not written by AI.
           | 
           | Yeah, hence my question can only be hypothetical.
           | 
           | > I wonder what all we might build instead, if all that time
           | could be saved
           | 
           | If we subscribe to Economics' broken-window theory, then the
           | investment into such repetitive work is not investment but
           | waste. Once we stop such investment, we will have a lot more
           | resources to work on something else, bring out a new chapter
           | of the tech revolution. Or so I hope.
        
             | Gormo wrote:
             | > If we subscribe to Economics' broken-window theory, then
             | the investment into such repetitive work is not investment
             | but waste. Once we stop such investment, we will have a lot
             | more resources to work on something else, bring out a new
             | chapter of the tech revolution. Or so I hope.
             | 
             | I'm not sure I agree with the application of the broken-
             | window theory here. That's a metaphor intended to counter
             | arguments in favor of make-work projects for economic
             | stimulus: the idea here is that breaking a window always
             | has a net negative on the economy, since even though it
             | creates demand for a replacement window, the resources that
             | are necessary to replace a window that already existed are
             | just being allocated to restore the status quo ante, but
             | the opportunity cost of that is everything else the same
             | resources might have bee used for instead, if the window
             | hadn't been broken.
             | 
             | I think that's quite distinct from manufacturing _new_
             | windows for new installations, which _is_ net positive
             | production, and where newer use cases for windows create
             | opportunities for producers to iterate on new window
             | designs, and incrementally refine and improve the product,
             | which wouldn 't happen if you were simply producing
             | replacements for pre-existing windows.
             | 
             | Even in this example, lots of people writing lots of
             | different variations of login pages has produced
             | incremental improvements -- in fact, as an industry, we
             | haven't been writing the same exact login page over and
             | over again, but have been gradually refining them in ways
             | that have evolved their appearance, performance, security,
             | UI intuitiveness, and other variables considerably over
             | time. Relying on AI to design, not just implement, login
             | pages will likely be the thing that causes this process to
             | halt, and perpetuate the status quo indefinitely.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | _> Boris said that writing code is a solved problem_
         | 
         | That's just so dumb to say. I don't think we can trust anything
         | that comes out of the mouths of the authors of these tools.
         | They are conflicted. Conflict of interest, in society today, is
         | such a huge problem.
        
           | timacles wrote:
           | Its all basically: Sensationalist take to shock you and get
           | attention
        
           | shimman wrote:
           | There are bloggers that can't even acknowledge that they're
           | only invited out to big tech events because they'll glaze
           | them up to high heavens.
           | 
           | Reminds me of that famous exchange, by noted friend of
           | Jeffrey Epstein, Noam Chomsky: "I'm not saying you're self-
           | censoring. I'm sure you believe everything you say. But what
           | I'm saying is if you believed something different you
           | wouldn't be sitting where you're sitting."
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | > That's just so dumb to say
           | 
           | Depends. Its true of dumb code and dumb coders. Anorher
           | reason why yes, smart pepple should not trust.
        
         | groby_b wrote:
         | That is the same team that has an app that used React for TUI,
         | that uses gigabytes to have a scrollback buffer, and that had
         | text scrolling so slow you could get a coffee in between.
         | 
         | And that then had the gall to claim writing a TUI is as hard as
         | a video game. (It clearly must be harder, given that most dev
         | consoles or text interfaces in video games consistently use
         | less than ~5% CPU, which at that point was completely out of
         | reach for CC)
         | 
         | He works for a company that crowed about an AI-generated C
         | compiler that was so overfitted, it couldn't compile "hello
         | world"
         | 
         | So if he tells me that "software engineering is solved", I take
         | that with rather large grains of salt. It is _far_ from solved.
         | I say that as somebody who 's extremely positive on AI
         | usefulness. I see massive acceleration for the things I do with
         | AI. But I also know where I need to override/steer/step in.
         | 
         | The constant hypefest is just vomit inducing.
        
           | mccoyb wrote:
           | I wanted to write the same comment. These people are fucking
           | hucksters. Don't listen to their words, look at their
           | software ... says all you need to know.
        
         | yourapostasy wrote:
         | Even as the field evolves, the phoning home telemetry of closed
         | models creates a centralized intelligence monopoly. If open
         | source atrophies, we lose the public square of architectural
         | and design reasoning, the decision graph that is often just as
         | important as the code. The labs won't just pick up new
         | patterns; they will define them, effectively becoming the high
         | priests of a new closed-loop ecosystem.
         | 
         | However, the risk isn't just a loss of "truth," but model
         | collapse. Without the divergent, creative, and often weird
         | contributions of open-source humans, AI risks stagnating into a
         | linear combination of its own previous outputs. In the long
         | run, killing the commons doesn't just make the labs powerful.
         | It might make the technology itself hit a ceiling because it's
         | no longer being fed novel human problem-solving at scale.
         | 
         | Humans will likely continue to drive consensus building around
         | standards. The governance and reliability benefits of open
         | source should grow in value in an AI-codes-it-first world.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | > It might make the technology itself hit a ceiling because
           | it's no longer being fed novel human problem-solving at
           | scale.
           | 
           | My read of the recent discussion is that people assume that
           | the work of far fewer number of elites will define the
           | patterns for the future. For instance, implementation of low-
           | level networking code can be the combination of patterns of
           | zeromq. The underlying assumption is that most people don't
           | know how to write high-performance concurrent code anyway, so
           | why not just ask them to command the AI instead.
        
             | dogleash wrote:
             | >My read of the recent discussion is that people assume
             | that the work of far fewer number of elites will define the
             | patterns for the future.
             | 
             | Even if we assume that's true, what will prevent atrophy of
             | the skillset among the elites with such a small pool of
             | practitioners?
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | I think you mean software engineering, not computer science.
         | And no, I don't think there is reason for software engineering
         | (and certainly not for computer science) to be plateauing.
         | Unless we let it plateau, which I don't think we will. Also,
         | writing code isn't a solved problem, whatever that's supposed
         | to mean. Furthermore, since the patterns we use often aren't
         | orthogonal, it's certainly not a _linear_ combination.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | I assume that new business scenarios will drive new
           | workflows, which requires new work of software engineering.
           | In the meantime, I assume that computer science will drive
           | paradigm shift, which will drive truly different software
           | engineering practice. If we don't have advances in
           | algorithms, systems, and etc, I'd assume that people can
           | slowly abstract away all the hard parts, enabling AI to do
           | most of our jobs.
        
         | cheema33 wrote:
         | > is the field of computer science plateaued to the point that
         | most of what we do is linear combination of well established
         | patterns?
         | 
         | Computer science is different from writing business software to
         | solve business problems. I think Boris was talking about the
         | second and not the first. And I personally think he is mostly
         | correct. At least for my organization. It is very rare for us
         | to write any code by hand anymore. Once you have a solid
         | testing harness and a peer review system run by multiple and
         | different LLMs, you are in pretty good shape for agentic
         | software development. Not everybody's got these bits figured
         | out. They stumble around and them blame the tools for their
         | failures.
        
           | paulryanrogers wrote:
           | > Not everybody's got these bits figured out. They stumble
           | around and them blame the tools for their failures.
           | 
           | Possible. Yet that's a pretty broad brush. It could also be
           | that some businesses are more heavily represented in the
           | training set. Or some combo of all the above.
        
         | gip wrote:
         | My prediction: soon (e.g. a few years) the agents will be the
         | one doing the exploration and building better ways to write
         | code, build frameworks,... replacing open source. That being
         | said software engineers will still be in the loop. But there
         | will be far less of them.
         | 
         | Just to add: this is only the prediction of someone who has a
         | decent amount of information, not an expert or insider
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | I really doubt it. So far these things are good at remixing
           | old ideas, not coming up with new ones.
        
             | danielbln wrote:
             | Generally us humans come up with new things by remixing old
             | ideas. Where else would they come from? We are synthesizing
             | priors into something novel. If you break the problem space
             | apart enough, I don't see why some LLM can't do the same.
        
               | tovej wrote:
               | LLM's cannot synthesize text, they can only concatenate
               | or mix statistically. Synthesis requires logical
               | reasoning. That's not how LLMs work.
        
               | danielbln wrote:
               | Yes it is, LLMs perform logical multi step reasoning all
               | the time, see math proofs, coding etc. And whether you
               | call it synthesis or statistical mixing is just
               | semantics. Do LLMs truly understand? Who knows, probably
               | not, but they do more than you make it out to be.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | I don't want to speak too much out of my depth here, I'm
               | still learning how these things work on a mechanical
               | level, but my understanding of how these things "reason"
               | is it seems like they're more or less having a
               | conversation with themselves. IE, burning a lot of tokens
               | in the hopes that the follow up questions and answers it
               | generates leads to a better continuation of the
               | conversation overall. But just like talking to a human,
               | you're likely to come up with better ideas when you're
               | talking to _someone else_ , not just yourself, so the
               | human in the loop seems pretty important to get the AI to
               | remix things into something genuinely new and useful.
        
               | tovej wrote:
               | They do not. The "reasoning" is just adding more text in
               | multiple steps, and then summarizing it. An LLM does not
               | apply logic at any point, the "reasoning" features only
               | use clever prompting to make these chains more likely to
               | resemble logical reasoning.
               | 
               | This is still only possible if the prompts given by the
               | user resembles what's in the corpus. And the same applies
               | to the reasoning chain. For it to resemble actual logical
               | reasoning, the same or extremely similar reasoning has to
               | exist in the corpus.
               | 
               | This is not "just" semantics if your whole claim is that
               | they are "synthesizing" new facts. This is your choice of
               | misleading terminology which does not apply in the
               | slightest.
        
         | stuaxo wrote:
         | "Writing code is a solved problem" disagree.
         | 
         | Yes, there are common parts to everything we do, at the same
         | time - I've been doing this for 25 years and most of the
         | projects have some new part to them.
        
           | danielbln wrote:
           | Novel problems are usually a composite of simpler and/or
           | older problems that have been solved before. Decomposition
           | means you can rip most novel problems apart and solve the
           | chunks. LLMs do just fine with that.
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | There's so many timeless books on how to write software, design
         | patterns, lessons learned from production issues. I don't think
         | AI will stop being used for open source, in fact, with the
         | number of increasing projects adjusting their contributor
         | policies to account for AI I would argue that what we'll see is
         | always people who love to hand craft their own code, and people
         | who use AI to build their own open source tooling and
         | solutions. We will also see an explosion is needing specs for
         | things. If you give a model a well defined spec, it will follow
         | it. I get better results the more specific I get about how I
         | want things built and which libraries I want used.
        
         | stephencoyner wrote:
         | I saw Boris give a live demo today. He had a swarm of Claude
         | agents one shot the most upvoted open issue on Excalidraw while
         | he explained Claude code for about 20 minutes.
         | 
         | No lines of code written by him at all. The agent used Claude
         | for chrome to test the fix in front of us all and it worked. I
         | think he may be right or close to it.
        
           | mattmanser wrote:
           | Did he pick Excalidraw as the project to work on, or did the
           | audience?
           | 
           | It's easy to be conned if you're not looking for the sleight
           | of hand. You need to start channelling your inner Randi
           | whenever AI demos are done, there's a lot of money at stake
           | and a lot of money to prep a polished show.
           | 
           | To be honest, even if the audience "picked" that project, it
           | could have been a plant shouting out the project.
           | 
           | I'm not saying they prepped the answer, I'm saying they
           | prepped picking a project it could definitely work on. An AI
           | solvable problem.
        
         | GeoAtreides wrote:
         | >writing code is a solved problem
         | 
         | sure is news for the models tripping on my thousands of LOC
         | jquery legacy app...
        
           | nake89 wrote:
           | Could the LLM rewrite it from scratch?
        
             | GeoAtreides wrote:
             | boss, the models can't even get all the api endpoints from
             | a single file and you want to rewrite everything?!
             | 
             | not to mention that maybe the stakeholders don't want a
             | rewrite, they just to modernize the app and add some new
             | features
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | Even if you like them, I don't think there's any reason to
         | believe what people from these companies say. They have every
         | reason to exaggerate or outright lie, and the hype cycle moves
         | so quickly that there are zero consequences for doing so.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Prediction: open source will stop.
         | 
         | Sure, people did it for the fun and the credits, but the fun
         | quickly goes out of it when the credits go to the IP laundromat
         | and the fun is had by the people ripping off your code. Why
         | would anybody contribute their works for free in an environment
         | like that?
        
           | orangecoffee wrote:
           | Many did it for liberty - a philosophical position on freedom
           | in software. They're supercharged with AI.
        
           | pu_pe wrote:
           | I believe the exact opposite. We will see open source
           | contributions skyrocket now. There are a ton of people who
           | want to help and share their work, but technical ability was
           | a major filter. If the barrier to entry is now lowered,
           | expect to see many more people sharing stuff.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Yes, more people will be sharing stuff. And none of it will
             | have long term staying power. Or do you honestly believe
             | that a project like GCC or Linux would have been created
             | and maintained over as long as they have been by the use of
             | AI tools in the hands of noobs?
             | 
             | Technical ability is an absolute requirement for the
             | production of quality work. If the signal drowns in the
             | noise then we are much worse off than where we started.
        
               | pu_pe wrote:
               | Ok but now you have raised the bar from "open source" to
               | "quality work" :)
               | 
               | Even then, I am not sure that changes the argument. If
               | Linus Torvalds had access to LLMs back then, why would
               | that discourage him from building Linux? And we now have
               | the capability of building something like Linux with
               | fewer man-hours, which again speaks in favor of more open
               | source projects.
        
               | signatoremo wrote:
               | I'm sure you know the majority of GCC and Linux
               | contributors aren't volunteers, but employees who are
               | paid to contribute. I'm struggling to name a popular
               | project that it isn't the case. Can you?
               | 
               | If AI is powerful enough to flood open source projects
               | with low quality code, it will be powerful enough to be
               | used as gatekeeper. Major players who benefit from OSS,
               | says Google, will make sure of that. We don't know how it
               | will play out. It's shortsighted to dismiss it all
               | together.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | > I'm struggling to name a popular project that it isn't
               | the case. Can you?
               | 
               | There's emacs, vim, and popular extensions of the two.
               | OpenBSD, lots of distros (some do develop their own
               | software), SDL,...
        
         | ochronus wrote:
         | The creator of the hammer says driving nails into wood planks
         | is a solved problem. Carpenters are now obsolete.
        
         | sensanaty wrote:
         | > Boris said that writing code is a solved problem.
         | 
         | No way, the person selling a tool that writes code says said
         | tool can now write code? Color me shocked at this revelation.
         | 
         | Let's check in on Claude Code's open issues for a sec here, and
         | see how "solved" all of its issues are? Or my favorite, how
         | their shitty React TUI that pegs modern CPUs and consumes all
         | the memory on the system is apparently harder to get right than
         | Video Games! Truly the masters of software engineering, these
         | Anthropic folks.
        
       | ottah wrote:
       | Make centaurs, not unicorns. The human is almost always going to
       | be the strongest element in the loop, and the most efficient.
       | Augmenting human skill will always outperform present day SOTA AI
       | systems (assuming a competent human).
        
         | doublerabbit wrote:
         | What about centaur unicorns? A cenintaunicorn?
        
           | ottah wrote:
           | You go figure out what that means.
        
       | datakazkn wrote:
       | The exoskeleton framing resonates, especially for repetitive data
       | work. Parts where AI consistently delivers: pattern recognition,
       | format normalization, first-draft generation. Parts where human
       | judgment is still irreplaceable: knowing when the data is wrong,
       | deciding what 'correct' even means in context, and knowing when
       | to stop iterating.
       | 
       | The exoskeleton doesn't replace instinct. It just removes
       | friction from execution so more cycles go toward the judgment
       | calls that actually matter.
        
         | Bombthecat wrote:
         | And your muscles degrade, a pretty good analogy
        
           | Human-Cabbage wrote:
           | Use the exoskeleton at the warehouse to reduce stress and
           | injury; just keep lifting weights at home to not let yourself
           | atrophy.
        
             | konmok wrote:
             | I guess so, but if you have to keep lifting weights at home
             | to stay competent at your job, then lifting weights is part
             | of your job, and you should be paid for those hours.
        
       | protocolture wrote:
       | Petition to make "AI is not X, but Y" articles banned or limited
       | in some way.
        
         | ares623 wrote:
         | that will crash the stock market
        
         | nnevatie wrote:
         | Hear, hear! I knew this is AI slop before opening the link.
        
       | TrianguloY wrote:
       | I like this analogy, and in fact in have used it for a totally
       | different reason: why I don't like AI.
       | 
       | Imagine someone going to a local gym and using an exosqueleton to
       | do the exercises without effort. Able to lift more? Yes. Run
       | faster? Sure. Exercising and enjoying the gym? ... No, and
       | probably not.
       | 
       | I like writing code, even if it's boilerplate. It's fun for me,
       | and I want to keep doing it. Using AI to do that part for me is
       | just...not fun.
       | 
       | Someone going to the gym isn't trying to lift more or run faster,
       | but instead improving and enjoying. Not using AI for coding has
       | the same outcome for me.
        
         | gtCameron wrote:
         | We've all been raised in a world where we got to practice the
         | 'art' of programming, and get paid extraordinarily well to do
         | so, because the output of that art was useful for businesses to
         | make more money.
         | 
         | If a programmer with an exoskeleton can produce more output
         | that makes more money for the business, they will continue to
         | be paid well. Those who refuse the exoskeleton because they are
         | in it for the pure art will most likely trend towards earning
         | the types of living that artists and musicians do today. The
         | truly extraordinary will be able to create things that the
         | machines can't and will be in high demand, the other 99% will
         | be pursing an art no one is interested in paying top dollar
         | for.
        
           | xienze wrote:
           | You're forgetting that the "art" part of it is writing sound,
           | scalable, performant code that can adapt and stand the test
           | of time. That's certainly more valuable in the long run than
           | banging out some dogshit spaghetti code that "gets the job
           | done" but will lead to all kinds of issues in the future.
        
             | Human-Cabbage wrote:
             | > the "art" part of it is writing sound, scalable,
             | performant code that can adapt and stand the test of time.
             | 
             | Sure, and it's possible to use LLM tools to aid in writing
             | such code.
        
         | jryle70 wrote:
         | You can continue to do that for your personal projects. Nobody
         | forces you to like AI. You may not have the choice at your job
         | though, and you can't take Claude Code et al. from me. I've
         | been programming for 30 years, and I still have fun with it,
         | even with AI.
        
         | cheema33 wrote:
         | > I like writing code, even if it's boilerplate. It's fun for
         | me, and I want to keep doing it. Using AI to do that part for
         | me is just...not fun.
         | 
         | Good news for you is that you can continue to do what you are
         | doing. Nobody is going to stop you.
         | 
         | There are people who like programming in assembly. And they
         | still get to do that.
         | 
         | If you are thinking that in the future employers may not want
         | you to do that, then yes, that is a concern. But, if the AI
         | based dev tool hype dies out, as many here suspect it will,
         | then the employers will see the light and come crawling back.
        
       | random3 wrote:
       | I'll guess we'll se a lot of analogies and have to get used to
       | it, although most will be off.
       | 
       | AI _can_ be an exoskeleton. It can be a co-worker and it can also
       | replace _you_ and your whole team.
       | 
       | The "Office Space"-question is what are _you_ particularly within
       | an organization and concretely when you 'll become the
       | bottleneck, preventing your "exoskeleton" for efficiently doing
       | its job independently.
       | 
       | There's no other question that's relevant for any practical
       | purposes for your employer and your well being as a person that
       | presumably needs to earn a living based on their utility.
        
         | qudat wrote:
         | > It can be a co-worker and it can also replace you and your
         | whole team.
         | 
         | You drank the koolaide m8. It fundamentally cannot replace a
         | single SWE and never will without fundamental changes to the
         | model construction. If there is displacement, it'll be short
         | lived when the hype doesn't match reality.
         | 
         | Go take a gander at openclaws codebase and feel at-ease with
         | your job security.
         | 
         | I have seen zero evidence that the frontier model companies are
         | innovating. All I see is full steam ahead on scaling what
         | exists, but correct me if I'm wrong.
        
           | random3 wrote:
           | Isn't it delusional to argue about now, while ignoring the
           | trajectory?
        
             | qudat wrote:
             | The trajectory hasn't changed: they scaled generating code,
             | a great feat, but someone has to apply higher level
             | abstract thinking to make the tool useful. Running agents
             | in a cron or having non SWEs use it will not last longer
             | than a prototype. That will not change with scaling pattern
             | matching algorithms.
        
               | jazz9k wrote:
               | This is true. AI won't replace software developers
               | completely, but it will reduce the need for software
               | developers in the long-run, making it harder to find a
               | job.
               | 
               | A few seniors+AI will be able to do the job of a much
               | larger team. This is already starting to look like
               | reality now. I can't imagine what we will see within 5
               | years.
        
       | qudat wrote:
       | It's a tool like a linter. It's a fancy tool, but calling it
       | anything more than a tool is hype
        
         | margorczynski wrote:
         | Did you ever you the newest LLMs with a harness? Because I
         | usually hear this kind of talk from people whose most recent
         | interaction was with GPT-4o copy-pasting code into the chat
         | window.
         | 
         | Maybe I'm biased but I don't buy someone truly thinking that
         | "it's just a tool like a linter" after using it on non-trivial
         | stuff.
        
           | qudat wrote:
           | I use it pretty extensively. The reason why it's a tool is
           | because it cannot work without an SWE running it. You have to
           | prompt it and re-prompt it. We are doing a lot of the heavy
           | lifting with code agents that people hyping it are ignoring.
           | Sure, as a non-swe, you can vibe a project from zero-to-
           | proto, but that's not going to happen in an enterprise
           | environment, certainly not without extensive QA/Code review.
           | 
           | Just take a look at the openclaw codebase and tell me you
           | want to maintain that 500k loc project in the long-term. I
           | predict that project will be dead within 6 months.
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | I'm using Claude Code (and Codex) (with the expensive
           | subscriptions) on an app I'm building right now. I'm trying
           | to be maximalist with them (to learn the most I can about
           | them .. and also that subscription isn't cheap!). My
           | impression, and yes, this is using the latest models and
           | harness and all that would agree with the GP. They're a very
           | handy tool. They make me faster. They also do a lot of things
           | that, as a professional software developer, I have to
           | frequently correct. They duplicate code like nobodies
           | business. They decide on weird boundaries for functions and
           | parameters. They undo bug fixes they just made. I think
           | they're useful, but the hype is out of control. I would not
           | trust software made with these tools by someone that couldn't
           | write that software by hand. It might work superficially, but
           | I'm definitely not giving any personal data to a vibe coded
           | app with all the security implications.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | In the language of Lynch's Dune, AI is not an exoskeleton, it is
       | a pain amplifier. Get it all wrong more quickly and deeply and
       | irretrievably.
        
       | h4kunamata wrote:
       | Neither, AI is a tool to guide you in improving your process in
       | any way and/or form.
       | 
       | The problem is people using AI to do the heavy processing making
       | them dumber. Technology itself was already making us dumber, I
       | mean, Tesla drivers not even drive anymore or know how, coz the
       | car does everything.
       | 
       | Look how company after company is being either breached or have
       | major issues in production because of the heavy dependency on AI.
        
       | lmf4lol wrote:
       | I agree. I call it my Extended Mind in the spirit of Clark (1).
       | One thing I realized while working a lot in the last weeks with
       | openClaw that this Agents are becoming an extension of my self.
       | They are tools that quickly became a part of my Being. I
       | outsource a lot of work to them, they do stuff for me, help me
       | and support me and therefore make my (work-)life easier and more
       | enjoyable. But its me in the driver seat.
       | 
       | (1) https://www.alice.id.tue.nl/references/clark-
       | chalmers-1998.p...
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | The amount of "It's not X it's Y" type commentary suggests to me
       | that A) nobody knows and B) there is solid chance this ends up
       | being either all true or all false
       | 
       | Or put differently we've managed to hype this to the moon but
       | somehow complete failure (see studies about zero impact on
       | productivity) seem plausible. And similarly kills all jobs seems
       | plausible.
       | 
       | That's an insane amount of conflicting opinions being help in the
       | air at same time
        
         | cheema33 wrote:
         | You appear to have said a lot. Without saying anything.
        
           | rester324 wrote:
           | You appear to have written a lot. Without understanding
           | anything.
        
         | pseudosavant wrote:
         | This reminds me of the early days of the Internet. Lots of hype
         | around something that was clearly globally transformation, but
         | most people weren't benefiting hugely from it in the first few
         | years.
         | 
         | It might have replaced sending a letter with an email. But now
         | people get their groceries from it, hail rides, an even track
         | their dogs or luggage with it.
         | 
         | Too many companies have been to focused on acting like AI
         | 'features' have made their products better, when most of them
         | haven't yet. I'm looking at Microsoft and Office especially.
         | But tools like Claude Code, Codex CLI, and Github Copilot CLI
         | have shown that LLMs can do incredible things in the right
         | applications.
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | > zero impact on productivity
         | 
         | i'm sure someone somewhere will find the numbers (pull requests
         | per week, closed tickets per sprint etc) to make it look
         | otherwise...
        
         | AntiDyatlov wrote:
         | It's possible we actually never had good metrics on software
         | productivity. That seems very difficult to measure. I
         | definitely use AI at my job to work less, not to produce more,
         | and Claude Code is the only thing that has enabled me to have
         | side-projects (had never tried it before, I have no idea how
         | there are people with a coding full time job that also have a
         | coding side project(s)).
        
       | shnpln wrote:
       | AI is the philosophers stone. It appears to break equivalence,
       | when in reality you are using electricity for an entire town.
        
       | YesThatTom2 wrote:
       | I said this in 2015... just not as well!
       | 
       | "Automation Should Be Like Iron Man, Not Ultron"
       | https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2841313
        
       | stuaxo wrote:
       | not AI, but IA: Intelligence Augmentation.
        
       | alphazard wrote:
       | There's an undertone of self-soothing "AI will leverage me, not
       | replace me", which I don't agree with especially in the long run,
       | at least in software. In the end it will be the users sculpting
       | formal systems like playdoh.
       | 
       | In the medium run, "AI is not a co-worker" is exactly right. The
       | idea of a co-worker will go away. Human collaboration on software
       | is fundamentally inefficient. We pay huge
       | communication/synchronization costs to eek out mild speed ups on
       | projects by adding teams of people. Software is going to become
       | an individual sport, not a team sport, quickly. The benefits we
       | get from checking in with other humans, like error correction,
       | and delegation can all be done better by AI. I would rather a
       | single human (for now) architect with good taste and an army of
       | agents than a team of humans.
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | This assumes every individual is capable of succinctly
         | communicating to the AI what they want. And the AI is capable
         | of maintaining it as underlying platforms and libraries shift.
         | 
         | And that there is little value in reusing software initiated by
         | others.
        
           | calvinmorrison wrote:
           | no but if the old '10x developer' is really 1 in 10 or 1 in
           | 100, they might just do fine while the rest of us, average
           | PHP enjoyers, may go to the wayside
        
           | alphazard wrote:
           | > This assumes every individual is capable of succinctly
           | communicating to the AI what they want. And the AI is capable
           | of maintaining it as underlying platforms and libraries
           | shift.
           | 
           | I think there are people who want to use software to
           | accomplish a goal, and there are people who are forced to use
           | software. The people who only use software because the world
           | around them has forced it on them, either through work or
           | friends, are probably cognitively excluded from building
           | software.
           | 
           | The people who seek out software to solve a problem (I think
           | this is most people) and compare alternatives to see which
           | one matches their mental model will be able to skip all that
           | and just build the software they have in mind using AI.
           | 
           | > And that there is little value in reusing software
           | initiated by others.
           | 
           | I think engineers greatly over-estimate the value of code
           | reuse. Trying to fit a round peg in a square hole produces
           | more problems than it solves. A sign of an elite engineer is
           | knowing when to just copy something and change it as needed
           | rather than call into it. Or to re-implement something
           | because the library that does it is a bad fit.
           | 
           | The only time reuse really matters is in network protocols.
           | Communication requires that both sides have a shared
           | understanding.
        
             | skydhash wrote:
             | > I think engineers greatly over-estimate the value of code
             | reuse[...]The only time reuse really matters is in network
             | protocols.
             | 
             | The whole idea of an OS is code reuse (and resources
             | management). No need to setup the hardware to run your
             | application. Then we have a lot of foundational subsystems
             | like graphics, sound, input,... Crafting such subsystems
             | and the associated libraries are hard and requires a lot of
             | design thinking.
        
               | joquarky wrote:
               | There is a balance. Some teams take DRY too far.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | Which is why we should always just write and train our own
             | LLMs.
             | 
             | I mean it's just software right? What value is there in
             | reusing it if we can just write it ourselves?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | Every internal piece of software you write is a
               | potentially-infinite money sink of training
        
             | fauigerzigerk wrote:
             | _> The only time reuse really matters is in network
             | protocols. Communication requires that both sides have a
             | shared understanding._
             | 
             | A lot of things are like network protocols. Most things
             | require communication. External APIs, existing data,
             | familiar user interfaces, contracts, laws, etc.
             | 
             | Language itself (both formal and natural) depends on a
             | shared understanding of terms, at least to some degree.
             | 
             | AI doesn't magically make the coordination and
             | synchronisation overhead go away.
             | 
             | Also, reusing well debugged and battle tested code will
             | always be far more reliable than recreating everything
             | every time anything gets changed.
        
               | lioeters wrote:
               | Even within a single computer or program, there is need
               | for communication protocols and shared understanding -
               | such as types, data schema, function signatures. It's the
               | interface between functions, programs, languages,
               | machines.
               | 
               | It could also be argued that "reuse" doesn't necessarily
               | mean reusing the actual code as material, but reusing the
               | concepts and algorithms. In that sense, most code is
               | reuse of some previous code, written differently every
               | time but expressing the same ideas, building on prior art
               | and history.
               | 
               | That might support GP's comment that "code reuse" is
               | overemphasized, since the code itself is not what's
               | valuable, what the user wants is the computation it
               | represents. If you can speak to a computer and get the
               | same result, then no code is even necessary as a medium.
               | (But internally, code is being generated on the fly.)
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | I think we shouldn't get too hung up on specific
               | artifacts.
               | 
               | The point is that specifying and verifying requirements
               | is a lot of work. It takes time and resources. This work
               | has to be reused somehow.
               | 
               | We haven't found a way to precisely specify and verify
               | requirements using only natural language. It requires
               | formal language. Formal language that can be used by
               | machines is called code.
               | 
               | So this is what leads me to the conclusion that we need
               | some form of code reuse. But if we do have formal
               | specifications, implementations can change and do not
               | necessarily have to be reused. The question is why not.
        
               | saezbaldo wrote:
               | This reframes the whole conversation. If implementations
               | are cheap to regenerate, specifications become the
               | durable artifact.
               | 
               | Something like TLA+ model checking lets you verify that a
               | protocol maintains safety invariants across all reachable
               | states, regardless of who wrote the implementation. The
               | hard part was always deciding what "correct" means in
               | your specific domain.
               | 
               | Most teams skip formal specs because "we don't have
               | time." If agents make implementations nearly free, that
               | excuse disappears. The bottleneck shifts from writing
               | code to defining correctness.
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | > The only time reuse really matters is in network
             | protocols.
             | 
             | And long term maintenance. If you use something. You have
             | to maintain it. It's much better if someone else maintains
             | it.
        
             | Sharlin wrote:
             | > I think there are people who want to use software to
             | accomplish a goal, and there are people who are forced to
             | use software.
             | 
             | Typically people feel they're "forced" to use software for
             | entirely valid reasons, such as said software being
             | absolutely terrible to use. I'm sure that most people like
             | using software that they feel like actually helps rather
             | than hinders them.
        
           | Thanemate wrote:
           | >This assumes every individual is capable of succinctly
           | communicating to the AI what they want. And the AI is capable
           | of maintaining it as underlying platforms and libraries
           | shift.
           | 
           | It's true that at first not everyone is just as efficient,
           | but I'd be lying if I were to claim that someone needs a
           | 4-year degree to communicate with LLM's.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | Well, without the self soothing I think what's left is
         | pitchforks.
        
           | capital_guy wrote:
           | Maybe it's time for pitchforks.
        
         | thwarted wrote:
         | > _We pay huge communication /synchronization costs to eek out
         | mild speed ups on projects by adding teams of people._
         | 
         | Something Brooks wrote about 50 years ago, and the industry has
         | never fully acknowledged. Throw more bodies at it, be they
         | human bodies or bot agent bodies.
        
           | falcor84 wrote:
           | But there is a level of magnitude difference between
           | coordinating AI agents and humans - the AIs are so much
           | faster and more consistent than humans, that you can (as
           | Steve Yegge [0] and Nicholas Carlini [1] showed) have them
           | build a massive project from scratch in a matter of hours and
           | days rather than months and years. The coordination cost is
           | so much lower that it's just a different ball game.
           | 
           | [0] https://steve-yegge.medium.com/welcome-to-gas-
           | town-4f25ee16d...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.anthropic.com/engineering/building-c-compiler
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | Then why aren't we seeing orders of magnitude more software
             | being produced?
        
               | danielbln wrote:
               | Claude Code released just over a year ago, agentic coding
               | came into its own maybe in May or June of last year.
               | Maybe give it a minute?
        
               | ok_dad wrote:
               | It's been a minute and a half and I don't see the
               | evidence you can task an agent swarm to produce useful
               | software without your input or review. I've seen a few
               | experiments that failed, and I've seen manic garbage, but
               | not yet anything useful outside of the agent operators
               | imagination.
        
               | danielbln wrote:
               | Agent swarms are what, a couple of months old? What are
               | you even talking about. Yes, people/humans still drive
               | this stuff, but if you think there isn't useful software
               | out there that can be handily implemented with current
               | gen agents that need very little or no review, then I
               | don't know what to tell you, apart from "you're
               | mistaken". And I say that as someone who uses three tools
               | heavily but has otherwise no stake in them. The copium in
               | this space is real. Everyone is special and
               | irreplaceable, until another step change pushes them out.
        
               | ok_dad wrote:
               | The whole point is that an agent swarm doesn't need a
               | month, supposedly.
        
               | quietbritishjim wrote:
               | We're talking about whether the human users have caught
               | up with usage of tech, not the speed of the tech itself.
        
               | dandellion wrote:
               | The next thing after agent swarms will be swarm colonies
               | and people will go "it's been a month since agentic swarm
               | colonies, give it a month or two". People have been
               | moving the goal posts like that for a couple years now,
               | it's starting to grow stale. This is like self driving
               | cars which were going to be workingin 2016 and replace
               | 80% of drivers by 2017, all over again. People falling
               | for hype instead of admitting that while it appears
               | somewhat useful, nobody has any clue if it's 97% useful
               | or just 3% useful but so far it's looking like the later.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | I generally agree, but counterpoint: Waymo is
               | successfully running robocabs in many cities today.
        
               | viking123 wrote:
               | When does it come to Mumbai?
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | They're launching in London this year. So... 2035?
        
               | viking123 wrote:
               | I would love to see this in Mumbai or Dhaka or something
               | like that, just like thrown in there. Can it move 2
               | meters without stopping?
               | 
               | Don't take me wrong, I like Waymo but 2035 is probably
               | realistic for the cities in more developing countries.
        
               | johnfn wrote:
               | Didn't we have a post the other day saying that the
               | number of "Show HN" posts is skyrocketing?
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47045804
        
               | itemize123 wrote:
               | we are. you can check the APP STORE release yoy. it's
               | skyrocketing.
        
               | refactor_master wrote:
               | Here's a talk about leaning into the garbage flow. And
               | that was a decade ago.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/E8Lhqri8tZk
               | 
               | I can't imagine the number being economically meaningful
               | now.
        
               | viking123 wrote:
               | I have barely downloaded any apps in the last 5-10 years
               | except some necessary ones like bank apps etc. Who even
               | needs that garbage? Steam also has tons of games but 80%
               | make like no money at all and no one cares. Just piles of
               | garbage. We already have limited hours per day and those
               | are not really increasing so I wonder where are the
               | users.
        
               | ukuina wrote:
               | Why do you assume there isn't?
               | 
               | Enterprise (+API) usage of LLMs has continued to grow
               | exponentially.
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | I work for one of those enterprises with lots of people
               | trying out AI (thankfully leadership is actually sane, no
               | mandates that you _have_ to use it, just giving devs
               | access to experiment with the tools and see what
               | happens). Lots of people trying it out in earnest, lots
               | of newsletters about new techniques and all that kinda
               | stuff. Lots of people too, so there 's all sorts of
               | opinions from very excited to completely indifferent.
               | 
               | Precisely 0 projects are making it out any faster or (IMO
               | more importantly) better. We have a PR review bot
               | clogging up our PRs with fucking _useless_ comments,
               | rewriting the PR descriptions in obnoxious ways, that
               | basically everyone hates and is getting shut off soon.
               | From an actual productivity POV, people are just using it
               | for a quick demo or proof of concept here and there
               | before actually building the proper thing manually as
               | before. And we have all the latest and greatest
               | techniques, all the AGENTS.mds and tool calling and MCP
               | integrations and unlimited access to every model we care
               | to have access to and all the other bullshit that OpenAI
               | et al are trying to shove on people.
               | 
               | It's not for a lack of trying, plenty of people are
               | trying to make any part of it work, even if it's just to
               | handle the truly small stuff that would take 5 minutes of
               | work but is just tedious and small enough to be annoying
               | to pick up. It's just not happening, even with extremely
               | simple tasks (that IMO would be better off with a
               | dedicated, small deterministic script) we still need
               | human overview because it often shits the bed regardless,
               | so the effort required to review things is equal or often
               | greater than just doing the damn ticket yourself.
               | 
               | My personal favorite failure is when the transcript bots
               | just... Don't transcript random chunks of the
               | conversation, which can often lead to more confusion than
               | if we just didn't have anything transcribed. We've turned
               | off the transcript and summarization bots, because we've
               | found 9/10 times they're actively detrimental to our
               | planning and lead us down bad paths.
        
               | stpedgwdgfhgdd wrote:
               | I build a code reviewer based on the claude code sdk that
               | integrates with gitlab, pretty straightforward. The hard
               | work is in the integration, not the review itself. That
               | is taken care of with SDK.
               | 
               | Devs, even conservative ones, like it. I've built a lot
               | of tooling in my life, but i never had the experience
               | that devs reach out to me that fast because it is
               | 'broken'. (Expired token or a bug for huge MRs)
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | This question remains the 900-pound gorilla of this
               | discussion
        
               | leoedin wrote:
               | I think we are. There's definitely been an uptick in
               | "show HN" type posts with quite impressively complex apps
               | that one person developed in a few weeks.
               | 
               | From my own experience, the problem is that AI slows down
               | a lot as the scale grows. It's very quick to add extra
               | views to a frontend, but struggles a lot more in making
               | wide reaching refactors. So it's very easy to start a
               | project, but after a while your progress slows
               | significantly.
               | 
               | But given I've developed 2 pretty functional full stack
               | applications in the last 3 months, which I definitely
               | wouldn't have done without AI assistance, I think it's a
               | fair assumption that lots of other people are doing the
               | same. So there is almost certainly a lot more software
               | being produced than there was before.
        
               | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
               | I think the proportion of new software that is novel has
               | absolutely plummeted after the advent of AI. In my
               | experience, generative AI will easily reproduce code for
               | which there are a multitude of examples on GitHub, like
               | TODO CRUD React Apps. And many business problems can be
               | solved with TODO CRUD React Apps (just look at Excel's
               | success), but not every business problem can be solved by
               | TODO CRUD React Apps.
               | 
               | As an analogy: imagine if someone was bragging about
               | using Gen AI to pump out romantasy smut novels that were
               | spicy enough to get off to. Would you think they're
               | capable of producing the next Grapes of Wrath?
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > I think the proportion of new software that is novel
               | has absolutely plummeted after the advent of AI.
               | 
               | We were not awash in novel software before AI (say last
               | decade in 2019).
               | 
               | I can only assume what you're really trying to say is "AI
               | bad".
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | It doesn't appear to have improved the quality of the
               | software we have either.
        
               | falcor84 wrote:
               | "The future is already here, it's just not evenly
               | distributed"
        
             | thwarted wrote:
             | > _But there is a level of magnitude difference between
             | coordinating AI agents and humans_
             | 
             | And yet, from https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47048599
             | 
             | > _One of the tips, especially when using Claude Code, is
             | explictly ask to create a "tasks", and also use subagents.
             | For example I want to validate and re-structure all my
             | documentation - I would ask it to create a task to research
             | state of my docs, then after create a task per specific
             | detail, then create a task to re-validate quality after it
             | has finished task._
             | 
             | Which sounds pretty much the same as how work is broken
             | down and handed out to humans.
        
               | falcor84 wrote:
               | Yes, but you can do this at the top level, and then have
               | AI agents do this themselves for all the low level tasks,
               | which is then orders of magnitude faster than with human
               | coordination.
        
           | quietbritishjim wrote:
           | The point of the mythical man month is not that more people
           | are necessarily worse for a project, it's just that adding
           | them _at the last minute_ doesn 't work, because they take a
           | while to get up to speed and existing project members are
           | distracted while trying to help them.
           | 
           | It's true that a larger team, formed well in advance, is also
           | less efficient per person, but they still can achieve more
           | overall than small teams (sometimes).
        
             | jsumrall wrote:
             | Interesting point. And from the agents point of view, it's
             | always joining at the last minute, and doesn't stick around
             | longer than its context window. There's a lesson in there
             | maybe...
        
               | saezbaldo wrote:
               | The context window is the onboarding period. Every
               | invocation is a new hire reading the codebase for the
               | first time.
               | 
               | This is why architecture legibility keeps getting more
               | important. Clean interfaces, small modules, good naming.
               | Not because the human needs it (they already know the
               | codebase) but because the agent has to reconstruct
               | understanding from scratch every single time.
               | 
               | Brooks was right that the conceptual structure is the
               | hard part. We just never had to make it this explicit
               | before.
        
         | falcor84 wrote:
         | > AI will leverage me
         | 
         | I think I know what you mean, and I do recall once seeing "this
         | experience will leverage me" as indicating that something will
         | be good for a person, but my first thought when seeing "x will
         | leverage y" is that x will step on top of y to get to their
         | goal, which does seem apt here.
        
         | benreesman wrote:
         | I'm rounding the corner on a ground's up reimplementation of
         | `nix` in what is now about 34 hours of wall clock time, I have
         | almost all of it on `wf-record`, I'll post a stream, but you
         | can see the commit logs here: https://github.com/straylight-
         | software/nix/tree/b7r6/correct...
         | 
         | Everyone has the same ability to use OpenRouter, I have a new
         | event loop based on `io_uring` with deterministic playbook
         | modeled on the Trinity engine, a new WASM compiler, AVX-512
         | implementations of all the cryptography primitives that
         | approach theoretical maximums, a new store that will hit
         | theoretical maximums, the first formal specification of the
         | `nix` daemon protocol outside of an APT, and I'm upgrading
         | those specifications to `lean4` proof-bearing codegen:
         | https://github.com/straylight-software/cornell.
         | 
         | 34 hours.
         | 
         | Why can I do this and no one else can get `ca-derivations` to
         | work with `ssh-ng`?
        
           | benreesman wrote:
           | And it's teachable.
           | 
           | Here's a colleague who is nearly done with a correct
           | reimplementation of the OpenCode client/server API:
           | https://github.com/straylight-software/weapon-server-hs
           | 
           | Here's another colleague with a Git forge that will always
           | work and handle 100x what GitHub does per infrastructure
           | dollar while including stacked diffs and Jujitsu support as
           | native in about 4 days: https://github.com/straylight-
           | software/strayforge
           | 
           | Here's another colleague and a replacement for Terraform that
           | is well-typed in all cases and will never partially apply an
           | infrastructure change in about 4 days:
           | https://github.com/straylight-software/converge
           | 
           | Here's the last web framework I'll ever use:
           | https://github.com/straylight-software/hydrogen
           | 
           | That's all *begun in the last 96 hours.
           | 
           | This is why: https://github.com/straylight-
           | software/.github/blob/main/pro...
        
             | bschwarz wrote:
             | Please check your links, 3/7 don't work and it's the most
             | interesting ones.
        
               | benreesman wrote:
               | ah, not my place to early launch my colleague's work, my
               | bad.
               | 
               | keep an eye on https://straylight.software, it'll all be
               | there extremely soon. well, everything i mentioned, which
               | is different than _all of it_. :)
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | /tangent i've always like the word "straylight", I use to
             | run a fansite for a local band and the site was called
             | straylight6. This was maybe 20 years ago.
        
           | achierius wrote:
           | I mean, have you tried getting `ca-derivations` to work with
           | `ssh-ng`? That sounds like a good way to answer your own
           | question.
        
             | benreesman wrote:
             | I have ca-derivations working with ssh-ng.
             | 
             | It's a fairly hairy patch and now the broken ass eval cache
             | breaks more.
             | 
             | I'm fixing it all. Read the fucking repo friend, it's
             | biblical.
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | > The benefits we get from checking in with other humans, like
         | error correction, and delegation can all be done better by AI.
         | 
         | Not this generation of AI though. It's a text predictor, not a
         | logic engine - it can't find actual flaws in your code, it's
         | just really good at saying things which sound plausible.
        
           | p-e-w wrote:
           | You're committing the classic fallacy of confusing mechanics
           | with capabilities. Brains are just electrons and chemicals
           | moving through neural circuits. You can't infer constraints
           | on high-level abilities from that.
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | This goes both ways. You can't assume capabilities based on
             | impressions. Especially with LLMs, which are purpose built
             | to give an impression of producing language.
             | 
             | Also, designers of these systems appear to agree: when it
             | was shown that LLMs can't actually do calculations, tool
             | calls were introduced.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | It's true that they only give plausible sounding answers.
               | But let's say we ask a simple question like "What's the
               | sum of two and two?" The only plausible sounding answer
               | to that will be "four." It doesn't need to have any fancy
               | internal understanding or anything else beyond prediction
               | to give what really is the same answer.
               | 
               | The same goes for a lot of bugs in code. The best
               | prediction is often the correct answer, being the
               | highlighting of the error. Whether it can "actually find"
               | the bugs--whatever that means--isn't really so important
               | as whether or not it's correct.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | It becomes important the moment your particular bug is on
               | one hand typical, but has a non-typical reason. In such
               | cases you'll get nonsense which you need to ignore.
               | 
               | Again - they're very useful, as they give great answers
               | based on someone else's knowledge and vague questions on
               | part of the user, but one has to remain vigilant and keep
               | in mind this is just text presented to you to look as
               | believable as possible. There's no real promise of
               | correctness or, more importantly, critical thinking.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | 100% They're not infallible but that's a different
               | argument to "they can't find bugs in your code."
        
           | xnorswap wrote:
           | > it can't find actual flaws in your code
           | 
           | I can tell from this statement that you don't have experience
           | with claude-code.
           | 
           | It might just be a "text predictor" but in the real world it
           | can take a messy log file, and from that navigate and fix
           | issues in source.
           | 
           | It can appear to reason about root causes and issues with
           | sequencing and logic.
           | 
           | That might not be what is actually happening at a technical
           | level, but it is indistinguishable from actual reasoning, and
           | produces real world fixes.
        
             | LoganDark wrote:
             | What you're describing is not finding flaws in code. It's
             | summarizing, which current models are known to be
             | relatively good at.
             | 
             | It is true that models can happen to produce a sound
             | reasoning process. This is probabilistic however (moreso
             | than humans, anyway).
             | 
             | There is no known sampling method that can guarantee a
             | deterministic result without significantly quashing the
             | output space (excluding most correct solutions).
             | 
             | I believe we'll see a different landscape of benefits and
             | drawbacks as diffusion language models begin to emerge, and
             | as even more architectures are invented and practiced.
             | 
             | I have a tentative belief that diffusion language models
             | may be easier to make deterministic without quashing nearly
             | as much expressivity.
        
               | nielsole wrote:
               | > moreso than humans
               | 
               | Citation needed.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | Much of the space of artificial intelligence is based on
               | a goal of a general reasoning machine comparable to the
               | reasoning of a human. There are many subfields that are
               | less concerned with this, but in practice, artificial
               | intelligence is perceived to have that goal.
               | 
               | I am sure the output of current frontier models is
               | convincing enough to outperform the appearance of humans
               | to some. There is still an ongoing outcry from when
               | GPT-4o was discontinued from users who had built a
               | romantic relationship with their access to it. However I
               | am not convinced that language models have actually
               | reached the reliability of human reasoning.
               | 
               | Even a dumb person can be consistent in their beliefs,
               | and apply them consistently. Language models strictly
               | cannot. You can prompt them to maintain consistency
               | according to some instructions, but you never quite have
               | any guarantee. You have far less of a guarantee than you
               | could have instead with a human with those beliefs, or
               | even a human with those instructions.
               | 
               | I don't have citations for the objective reliability of
               | human reasoning. There are statistics about unreliability
               | of human reasoning, and also statistics about
               | unreliability of language models that far exceed them.
               | But those are both subjective in many cases, and success
               | or failure rates are actually no indication of
               | reliability whatsoever anyway.
               | 
               | On top of that, every human is different, so it's
               | difficult to make general statements. I only know from my
               | work circles and friend circles that most of the people I
               | keep around outperform language models in consistency
               | _and_ reliability. Of course that doesn 't mean every
               | human or even most humans meet that bar, but it does mean
               | human-level reasoning includes them, which raises the bar
               | that models would have to meet. (I can't quantify this,
               | though.)
               | 
               | There is a saying about fully autonomous self driving
               | vehicles that goes a little something like: they don't
               | just have to outperform the worst drivers; they have to
               | outperform the best drivers, for it to be worth it. Many
               | fully autonomous crashes are because the autonomous
               | system screwed up in a way that a human would not. An
               | autonomous system typically lacks the creativity and
               | ingenuity of a human driver.
               | 
               | Though they can already be more reliable in some
               | situations, we're still far from a world where autonomous
               | driving can take liability for collisions, and that's
               | because they're not nearly as reliable or intelligent
               | enough to entirely displace the need for human attention
               | and intervention. I believe Waymo is the closest we've
               | gotten and even they have remote safety operators.
        
               | gaigalas wrote:
               | That's not a citation.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | It's roughly why I think this way, along with a statement
               | that I don't have objective citations. So sure, it's not
               | a citation. I even said as much, right in the middle
               | there.
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | That's because there's no objective research on this.
               | Similarly, there are no good citations to support your
               | objection. They simply don't exist yet.
        
               | gaigalas wrote:
               | Maybe not worth discussing something that cannot be
               | objectively assessed then.
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | It's not enough for them to be "better" than a human.
               | When they fail they also have to fail in a way that is
               | legible to a human. I've seen ML systems fail in
               | scenarios that are obvious to a human and succeed in
               | scenarios where a human would have found it impossible.
               | The opposite needs to be the case for them to be
               | generally accepted as equivalent, and especially the
               | failure modes need to be confined to cases where a human
               | would have also failed. In the situations I've seen,
               | customers have been upset about the performance of the ML
               | model because the solution to the problem was patently
               | obvious to them. They've been probably more upset about
               | that than about situations where the ML model fails and
               | the end customer also fails.
        
               | michaelscott wrote:
               | Nothing you've said about reasoning here is exclusive to
               | LLMs. Human reasoning is also never guaranteed to be
               | deterministic, excluding most correct solutions. As OP
               | says, they may not be reasoning under the hood but if the
               | effect is the same as a tool, does it matter?
               | 
               | I'm not sure if I'm up to date on the latest diffusion
               | work, but I'm genuinely curious how you see them
               | potentially making LLMs more deterministic? These models
               | usually work by sampling too, and it seems like the
               | transformer architecture is better suited to longer
               | context problems than diffusion
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | The way I imagine greedy sampling for autoregressive
               | language models is guaranteeing a deterministic result at
               | each position individually. The way I'd imagine it for
               | diffusion language models is guaranteeing a deterministic
               | result for the entire response as a whole. I see
               | diffusion models potentially being more promising because
               | the unit of determinism would be larger, preserving
               | expressivity within that unit. Additionally, diffusion
               | language models iterate multiple times over their full
               | response, whereas autoregressive language models get one
               | shot at each token, and before there's even any picture
               | of the full response. We'll have to see what impact this
               | has in practice; I'm only cautiously optimistic.
        
               | michaelscott wrote:
               | I guess it depends on the definition of deterministic,
               | but I think you're right and there's strong reason to
               | expect this will happen as they develop. I think the next
               | 5 - 10 years will be interesting!
        
               | MrOrelliOReilly wrote:
               | This all sounds like the stochastic parrot fallacy. Total
               | determinism is not the goal, and it not a prerequisite
               | for general intelligence. As you allude to above, humans
               | are also not fully deterministic. I don't see what hard
               | theoretical barriers you've presented toward AGI or
               | future ASI.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | I haven't heard the stochastic parrot fallacy (though I
               | have heard the phrase before). I also don't believe there
               | are hard theoretical barriers. All I believe is that what
               | we have right now is not enough yet. (I also believe
               | autoregressive models may not be capable of AGI.)
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Did you just invent a nonsense fallacy to use as a
               | bludgeon here? "Stochastic parrot fallacy" does not
               | exist, and there actually quite a bit of evidence
               | supporting the stochastic parrot hypothesis.
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | > I can tell from this statement that you don't have
             | experience with claude-code.
             | 
             | I happen to use it on a daily basis. 4.6-opus-high to be
             | specific.
             | 
             | The other day it surmised from (I assume) the contents of
             | my clipboard that I want to do A, while I really wanted to
             | B, it's just that A was a more typical use case. Or
             | actually: hardly anyone ever does B, as it's a weird thing
             | to do, but I needed to do it anyway.
             | 
             | > but it is indistinguishable from actual reasoning
             | 
             | I can distinguish it pretty well when it makes mistakes
             | someone who actually read the code and understood it
             | wouldn't make.
             | 
             | Mind you: it's great at presenting someone else's knowledge
             | and it was trained on a vast library of it, but it clearly
             | doesn't think itself.
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | What do you mean the content of your clipboard?
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | I either accidentally pasted it somewhere and removed,
               | forgetting about doing that or it's reading the
               | clipboard.
               | 
               | The suggestion it gave me started with the contents of
               | the clipboard and expanded to scenario A.
        
               | elar_verole wrote:
               | Sorry to sound rude - but you polluted the context,
               | pointing to the fact you would like A, and then found it
               | annoying it tried to do A ?
        
               | project2501a wrote:
               | I know I am not supposed to be negative in HN, but lay
               | off the koolaid, dear colleague.
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Oh, please. There's always a way to blame the user, it's
               | a catch-22. The fact is that coding agents aren't perfect
               | and it's quite common for them to fail. Refer to the
               | recent C-compiler nonsense Anthropic tried to pull for
               | proof.
        
               | cyberpunk wrote:
               | It fails far less often than I do at the cookie cutter
               | parts of my job, and it's much faster and cheaper than I
               | am.
               | 
               | Being honest; I probably have to write some properly
               | clever code or do some actual design as a dev lead
               | like... 2% of my time? At most? The rest of the code
               | related work I do, it's outperforming me.
               | 
               | Now, maybe you're somehow different to me, but I find it
               | hard to believe that the majority of devs out there are
               | balancing binary trees and coming up with shithot unique
               | algorithms all day rather than mangling some formatting
               | and dealing with improving db performance, picking the
               | right pattern for some backend and so on style tasks day
               | to day.
        
           | weego wrote:
           | And not this or any existing generation of people. We're bad
           | a determining want vs need, being specific, genericizing our
           | goals into a conceptual framework of existing patterns and
           | documenting & explaining things in a way that gets to a solid
           | goal.
           | 
           | The idea that the entire top down processes of a business can
           | be typed into an AI model and out comes a result is again, a
           | specific type of tech person ideology that sees the idea of
           | humanity as an unfortunate annoyance in the process of
           | delivering a business. The rest of the world see's it the
           | other way round.
        
           | lpapez wrote:
           | If you only realized how ridiculous your statement is, you
           | never would have stated it.
        
             | jychang wrote:
             | It's also literally factually incorrect. Pretty much the
             | entire field of mechanistic interpretability would
             | obviously point out that models have an internal definition
             | of what a bug is.
             | 
             | Here's the most approachable paper that shows a real model
             | (Claude 3 Sonnet) clearly having an internal representation
             | of bugs in code: https://transformer-
             | circuits.pub/2024/scaling-monosemanticit...
             | 
             | Read the entire section around this quote:
             | 
             | > Thus, we concluded that 1M/1013764 represents a broad
             | variety of errors in code.
             | 
             | (Also the section after "We find three different safety-
             | relevant code features: an unsafe code feature 1M/570621
             | which activates on security vulnerabilities, a code error
             | feature 1M/1013764 which activates on bugs and exceptions")
             | 
             | This feature fires on actual bugs; it's not just a model
             | pattern matching saying "what a bug hunter may say next".
        
               | mrbungie wrote:
               | Was this "paper" eventually peer reviewed?
               | 
               | PS: I know it is interesting and I don't doubt Antrophic,
               | but for me it is so fascinating they get such a pass in
               | science.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | Modern ML is old school mad science.
               | 
               | The lifeblood of the field is proof-of-concept pre-prints
               | built on top of other proof-of-concept pre-prints.
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Sounds like you agree this "evidence" lacks any semblance
               | of scientific rigor?
        
               | mrbungie wrote:
               | (Not GP) There was a well recognized reproducibility
               | problem in the ML field before LLM-mania, and that's
               | considering published papers with proper peer-reviews.
               | The current state of afairs in some ways is even less
               | rigourous than that, and then some people in the field
               | feel free to overextend their conclusions into other
               | fields like neurosciences.
        
               | emp17344 wrote:
               | Mechanistic interpretability is a joke, supported
               | entirely by non-peer reviewed papers released as
               | marketing material by AI firms.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > This feature fires on actual bugs; it's not just a
               | model pattern matching saying "what a bug hunter may say
               | next".
               | 
               | You don't think a pattern matcher would fire on actual
               | bugs?
        
             | pousada wrote:
             | Some people are still stuck in the "stochastic parrot"
             | phase and see everything regarding LLMs through that lense.
        
               | windexh8er wrote:
               | Current LLMs do not think. Just because all models
               | anthropomorphize the repetitive actions a model is
               | looping through does not mean they are truly thinking or
               | reasoning.
               | 
               | On the flip side the idea of this being true has been a
               | very successful indirect marketing campaign.
        
               | pousada wrote:
               | What does "truly thinking or reasoning" even mean for
               | you?
               | 
               | I don't think we even have a coherent definition of human
               | intelligence, let alone of non-human ones.
        
               | chpatrick wrote:
               | Everyone knows to really think you need to use your
               | fleshy meat brain, everything else is cheating.
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | Your brain is a slab of wet meat, not a logic engine. It
           | can't find actual flaws in your code - it's just half-decent
           | at pattern recognition.
        
             | mexicocitinluez wrote:
             | Its pattern recognition all the way down.
        
             | gaigalas wrote:
             | That is not exactly true. The brain does a lot of things
             | that are not "pattern recognition".
             | 
             | Simpler, more mundane (not exactly, still incredibly
             | complicated) stuff like homeostasis or motor control, for
             | example.
             | 
             | Additionally, our ability to plan ahead and simulate future
             | scenarios often relies on mechanisms such as memory
             | consolidation, which are not part of the whole pattern
             | recognition thing.
             | 
             | The brain is a complex, layered, multi-purpose structure
             | that does _a lot of things_.
        
           | laichzeit0 wrote:
           | Absolutely nuts, I feel like I'm living in a parallel
           | universe. I could list several anecdotes here where Claude
           | has solved issues for me in an autonomous way that (for
           | someone with 17 years of software development, from embedded
           | devices to enterprise software) would have taken me hours if
           | not days.
           | 
           | To the nay sayers... good luck. No group of people's opinions
           | matter at all. The market will decide.
        
             | xnorswap wrote:
             | I wonder if the parent comments remark is a communication
             | failure or pedantry gone wrong, because like you, claude-
             | code is out there solving real problems and finding and
             | fixing defects.
             | 
             | A large quantity of bugs as raised are now fixed by claude
             | automatically from just the reports as written. Everything
             | is human reviewed and sometimes it fixes it in ways I don't
             | approve, and it can be guided.
             | 
             | It has an astonishing capability to find and fix defects.
             | So when I read "It can't find flaws", it just doesn't fit
             | my experience.
             | 
             | I have to wonder if the disconnect is simply in the
             | definition of what it means to find a flaw.
             | 
             | But I don't like to argue over semantics. I don't actually
             | care if it is finding flaws by the sheer weight of language
             | probability rather than logical reasoning, it's still
             | finding flaws and fixing them better than anything I've
             | seen before.
        
               | gilbetron wrote:
               | I can't control random internet people, but within my
               | personal and professional life, I see the effective
               | pattern of comparing prompts/contexts/harnesses to figure
               | out why some are more effective than others (in fact
               | tooling is being developed in the AI industry as a whole
               | to do so, claude even added the "insights" command).
               | 
               | I feel that many people that don't find AI useful are
               | doing things like, "Are there any bugs in this software?"
               | rather than developing the appropriate harness to enable
               | the AI to function effectively.
        
             | cyberpunk wrote:
             | I think it's just fear, I sure know that after 25 years as
             | a developer with a great salary and throughout all that
             | time never even considering the chance of ever being
             | unemployable I'm feeling it too.
             | 
             | I think some of us come to terms with it in different ways.
        
           | nazgul17 wrote:
           | While I agree, if you think that AI is _just_ a text
           | predictor, you are missing an important point.
           | 
           | Intelligence, can be borne of simple targets, like next token
           | predictor. Predicting the next token with the accuracy it
           | takes to answer some of the questions these models can
           | answer, requires complex "mental" models.
           | 
           | Dismissing it just because its algorithm is next token
           | prediction instead of "strengthen whatever circuit lights
           | up", is missing the forest for the trees.
        
           | afro88 wrote:
           | I would have agreed with you a year ago
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | > We pay huge communication/synchronization costs to eek out
         | mild speed ups on projects by adding teams of people.
         | 
         | I am surprised at how little this is discussed and how little
         | urgency there is in fixing this if you still want teams to be
         | as useful in the future.
         | 
         | Your standard agile ceremonies were always kind of silly, but
         | it can now take more time to groom work than to do it. I can
         | plausibly spend more time scoring and scoping work (especially
         | trivial work) than doing the work.
        
           | georgefrowny wrote:
           | It's always been like that. Waterfall development was worse
           | and that's why the Agilists invented Agile.
           | 
           | YOLOing code into a huge pile at top speed is always faster
           | than any other workflow at first.
           | 
           | The thing is, a gigantic YOLO'd code pile (fake it till you
           | make it mode) used to be an asset as well as a liability.
           | These days, the code pile is essentially free - anyone with
           | some AI tools can shit out MSLoCs of code now. So it's only
           | barely an asset, but the complexity of longer term
           | maintenance is superlinear in code volume so the liability is
           | larger.
        
         | teaearlgraycold wrote:
         | Well of course. In the long run AI will do almost all tasks
         | that can be done from a computer.
        
         | zombot wrote:
         | > I would rather a single human (for now) architect with good
         | taste and an army of agents than a team of humans.
         | 
         | A human might have taste, but AI certainly doesn't.
        
           | elevatortrim wrote:
           | I'd say AI has better taste than an average human but
           | definitely not the taste you would see in competent people
           | around you.
        
           | dsego wrote:
           | It has average taste based on the code it was trained on. For
           | example, every time I attempted to polish the UX it wanted to
           | add a toast system, I abhor toasts as a UX pattern. But it
           | also provided elegant backend designs I hadn't even
           | considered.
        
         | mossTechnician wrote:
         | _Everybody in the world is now a programmer. This is the
         | miracle of artificial intelligence._
         | 
         | - Jensen Huang, February 2024
         | 
         | https://www.techradar.com/pro/nvidia-ceo-predicts-the-death-...
        
           | codr7 wrote:
           | God help us!
           | 
           | Far from everyone are cut out to be programmers, the
           | technical barrier was a feature if anything.
           | 
           | There's a kind of mental discipline and ability to think long
           | thoughts, to deal with uncertainty; that's just not for
           | everyone.
           | 
           | What I see is mostly everyone and their gramps drooling at
           | the idea of faking their way to fame and fortune. Which is
           | never going to work, because everyone is regurgitating the
           | same mindless crap.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | The problem I mostly see with non programmers is that they
           | don't really grasp the concept of a consistent system.
           | 
           | A lot of people want X, but they also want Y, while clearly X
           | and Y cannot coexist in the same system.
        
           | toss1 wrote:
           | This looks like the same problem as when the first page
           | layout software came out.
           | 
           | It looked to everyone like a huge leap into a new world word
           | processing applications could basically move around blocks of
           | text to be output later, maybe with a few font tags, then
           | this software came out that _wow_ actually showed the
           | different fonts, sizes, and colors on the screen as you
           | worked! With apps like  "Pagemaker" everyone would become
           | their own page designers!
           | 
           | It turned out that everyone just turned out floods of
           | massively ugly documents and marketing pieces that looked
           | like ransom notes pasted together from bits of magazines.
           | Years of awfulness.
           | 
           | The same is happening now as we are doomed to endure years AI
           | slop in everything from writing to apps to products to
           | vending machines an entire companies -- everyone and their
           | cousin is trying to fully automate it.
           | 
           | Ultimately it does create an advance and allows more and
           | better work to be done, but only for people who have a clue
           | about what they are doing, and eventually things settle at a
           | higher level where the experts in each field take the lead.
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | Remember when Visual Basic was making everyone a programmer
           | too?
           | 
           | (btw, warm fuzzies for VB since that's what I learned on! But
           | ultimately, those VB tools business people were making were:
           | 
           | 1) Useful, actually!
           | 
           | 2) Didn't replace professional software. Usually it'd hit a
           | point where if it needed to evolve past its initial
           | functionality it probably required an actual software
           | developer. (IE, not using Access as a database and all the
           | other eccentricities of VB apps at that time)
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | > In the end it will be the users sculpting formal systems like
         | playdoh.
         | 
         | And unless the user is a competent programmer, at least in
         | spirit, it will look like the creation of the 3-year-old next
         | door, not like Wallace and Gromit.
         | 
         | It may be fine, but the difference is that one is only loved by
         | their parents, the other gets millions of people to go to the
         | theater.
         | 
         | Play-Doh gave the power of sculpting to everyone, including
         | small children, but if you don't want to make an ugly mess, you
         | have to be a competent sculptor to begin with, and it involves
         | some fundamentals that does not depend on the material. There
         | is a reason why clay animators are skilled professionals.
         | 
         | The quality of vibe coded software is generally proportional to
         | the programming skills of the vibe coder as well as the effort
         | put into it, like with all software.
        
           | loudmax wrote:
           | It really depends what kind of time frame we're talking
           | about.
           | 
           | As far as today's models, these are best understood as tools
           | to be used as humans. They're only replacements for humans
           | insofar as individual developers can accomplish more with the
           | help of an AI than they could alone, so a smaller team can
           | accomplish what used to require a bigger team. Due to Jevon's
           | paradox this is probably a good thing for developer salaries:
           | their skills are now that much more in demand.
           | 
           | But you have to consider the trajectory we're on. GPT went
           | from an interesting curiosity to absolutely groundbreaking in
           | less than five years. What will the next five years bring? Do
           | you expect development to speed up, slow down, stay the
           | course, or go off in an entirely different direction?
           | 
           | Obviously, the correct answer to that question is "Nobody
           | knows for sure." We could be approaching the top of a sigmoid
           | type curve where progress slows down after all the easy parts
           | are worked out. Or maybe we're just approaching the base of
           | the real inflection point where all white collar work can be
           | accomplished better and more cheaply by a pile of GPUs.
           | 
           | Since the future is uncertain, a reasonable course of action
           | is probably to keep your own coding skills up to date, but
           | also get comfortable leveraging AI and learning its (current)
           | strengths and weaknesses.
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | I don't expect exponential growth to continue
             | indefinitely... I don't think the current line of LLM based
             | tech will lead to AGI, but that it might inspire what does.
             | 
             | That doesn't mean it isn't and won't continue to be
             | disruptive. Looking at generated film clips, it's beyond
             | impressive... and despite limitations, it's going to lead
             | to a lot of creativity, that doesn't mean someone making
             | something longer won't have to work that much harder to get
             | something consistent... I've enjoyed a lot of the StarWars
             | fan films that have been made, but there's a lot of
             | improvements needed in terms of the voice acting, sets,
             | characters, etc that arre needed for something I'd pay to
             | rent or see in a thaater.
             | 
             | Ironically, the push towards modern progressivism and
             | division from Hollywood has largely been a shortfall... If
             | they really wanted to make money, they'd lean into pop-
             | culture fun and rah rah 'Merica, imo. Even with the new He-
             | Man movie, the biggest critique is they bothered to try to
             | integrate real world Earth as a grounding point. Let it be
             | fantasy. For that matter, extend the delay from theater to
             | PPV even. "Only in theaters for 2026" might actually be
             | just enough push to get butts in seats.
             | 
             | I used to go to the movies a few times a month, now it's
             | been at least a year since I've thought of going. I
             | actually might for He-Man or the Spider-Man movies... Mixed
             | on Mandalorean.
             | 
             | For AI and coding... I've started using it more the past
             | couple months... I can't imagine being a less experienced
             | dev with it. I predict, catch and handle so many issues in
             | terms of how I've used it even. The thought of vibe-coded
             | apps in the wild is shocking to terrifying and I wouldn't
             | wany my money anywhere near them. It takes a lot of
             | iteration, curation an baby-sitting after creating a good
             | level of pre-documentation/specifications to follow. That
             | said, I'd say I'm at least 5x more productive with it.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | so agentic play-doh sculpting
           | 
           | challenge accepted
        
         | its-kostya wrote:
         | How does a single human acquire said "good taste" for
         | architecting?
        
         | thewebguyd wrote:
         | > In the end it will be the users sculpting formal systems like
         | playdoh.
         | 
         | I'm very skeptical of this unless the AI can manage to read and
         | predict emotion and intent based off vague natural language.
         | Otherwise you get the classic software problem of "What the
         | user asked for directly isn't actually what they want/need."
         | 
         | You will still need at least _some_ experience with developing
         | software to actually get anything useful. The average "user"
         | isn't going to have much success for large projects or
         | translating business logic into software use cases.
        
         | Gud wrote:
         | I love this optimistic take.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, I believe the following will happen: By
         | positioning themselves close to law makers, the AI companies
         | will in the near future declare ownership of all software code
         | developed using their software.
         | 
         | They will slowly erode their terms of service, as happens to
         | most internet software, step by step, until they claim total
         | ownership.
         | 
         | The point is to license the code.
        
           | alwillis wrote:
           | > the AI companies will in the near future declare ownership
           | of all software code developed using their software.
           | 
           | Pretty sure this isn't going to happen. AI is driving the
           | cost of software to zero; it's not worth licensing something
           | that's a commodity.
           | 
           | It's similar to 3D printing companies. They don't have IP
           | claims on the items created with their printers.
           | 
           | The AI companies currently don't have IP claims on what their
           | agents create.
           | 
           | Uncle Joe won't need to pay OpenAI for the solitaire game
           | their AI made for him.
           | 
           | The open source models are quite capable; in the near future
           | there won't be a meaningful difference for the average person
           | between a frontier model and an open source one for most uses
           | including creating software.
        
             | Gud wrote:
             | 1. Commodities are huge business.
             | 
             | 2. Show me these open source models that cost me $20/month
             | to operate, because that's what I pay for ChatGPT/Claude.
             | 
             | 3. This is not at all similar to "3D printing".
             | 
             | 4. Nobody cares about some solitaire game
        
           | theshrike79 wrote:
           | > AI companies will in the near future declare ownership of
           | all software code developed using their software.
           | 
           | (X) Doubt
           | 
           | Copyright law is WEEEEEEIRRRDD and our in-house lawyer is
           | very much into that, personally and professionally. An
           | example they gave us during a presentation:
           | 
           | A monkey took a selfie of itself in 2011. We still don't know
           | who has the copyright to that image: https://en.wikipedia.org
           | /wiki/Monkey_selfie_copyright_disput...
           | 
           | IIRC the latest resolution is "it's not the monkey", but
           | nobody has ruled the photographer has copyright either. =)
           | 
           | Copyright law has this thing called "human authorship" that's
           | required to apply copyright to a work. Animals and machines
           | can't have a copyright to anything.
           | 
           | A second example:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarya_of_the_Dawn
           | 
           | A comic generated with Midjourney had its copyright revoked
           | when it was discovered all of the art was done with
           | Generative AI.
           | 
           | AI companies have absolutely mindboggling amounts of money,
           | but removing the human authorship requirement from copyright
           | is beyond even them in my non-lawyer opinion. It would bring
           | the whole system crashing down and not in a fun way for
           | anyone.
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | AFAIK you can't copyright AI generated content. I don't know
           | where that gets blurry when it's mixed in with your own
           | content (ie, how much do you need to modify it to own it),
           | but I think that by that definition these companies couldn't
           | claim your code at all. Also, with the lawsuit that happened
           | to Anthropic where they had to pay billions for ingesting
           | copyrighted content, it might actually end up working the
           | other way around.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > especially in the long run, at least in software
         | 
         | "at least in software".
         | 
         | Before that happens, the world as we know it will already have
         | changed so much.
         | 
         | Programmers have already automated many things, way before AI,
         | and now they've got a new tool to automate even more thing.
         | Sure in the end AI may automate programmers themselves: but not
         | before oh-so-many people are out of a job.
         | 
         | A friend of mine is a translator: translates tolerates
         | approximation. Translation tolerates some level of
         | bullshittery. She gets maybe 1/10th the job she used to get and
         | she's now in trouble. My wife now does all he r SMEs' websites
         | all by herself, with the help of AI tools.
         | 
         | A friend of my wife she's a junior lawyer (another domain where
         | bullshitting flies high) and the reason for why she was kicked
         | out of her company: _" we've replaced you with LLMs"_. LLMs are
         | the ultimate bullshit producers: so it's no surprise junior
         | lawyers are now having a hard time.
         | 
         | In programming a single character is the difference between a
         | security hole or no security hole. There's a big difference
         | between something that kinda works but is not performant and
         | insecure and, say, Linux or Git or K8s (which AI models do run
         | on and which AI didn't create).
         | 
         | The day programmers are replaced shall only come after AI shall
         | have disrupted so many other jobs that it should be the least
         | of our concerns.
         | 
         | Translators, artists (another domain where lots of
         | approximative full-on bullshit is produced), lawyers (juniors
         | at least) even, are having more and more problems due to half-
         | arsed AI outputs coming after their jobs.
         | 
         | It's all the bullshitty jobs where bullshit that tolerates
         | approximation is the output that are going to be replaced
         | first. And the world is _full_ of bullshit.
         | 
         | But you don't fly a 767 and you don't conceive a machine that
         | treats brain tumors with approximations. This is not bullshit.
         | 
         | There shall be non-programmers with pitchforks burning
         | datacenters or ubiquitous UBI way before AI shall have replaced
         | programmers.
         | 
         | That it's an exoskeleton for people who know what they're doing
         | rings very true: it's yet another superpower for devs.
        
         | lp4v4n wrote:
         | >In the end it will be the users sculpting formal systems like
         | playdoh.
         | 
         | Yet another person who thinks that there is a silver bullet for
         | complexity. The mythical intelligent machines that from poorly
         | described natural language can erect flawless complex system is
         | like the philosopher's stone of our time.
        
         | veunes wrote:
         | Communication overhead between humans is real, but it's not
         | just inefficiency, it's also where a lot of the problem-finding
         | happens. Many of the biggest failures I've seen weren't because
         | nobody could type the code fast enough, but because nobody
         | realized early enough that the thing being built was wrong,
         | brittle or solving the wrong problem
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | > Many of the biggest failures I've seen weren't because
           | nobody could type the code fast enough, but because nobody
           | realized early enough that the thing being built was wrong,
           | brittle or solving the wrong problem
           | 
           | Around 99% of biggest failures come from absent, shitty
           | management prioritizing next quarter over long strategy.
           | YMMV.
        
         | andrei_says_ wrote:
         | LLM technology does not have a connection with reality nor
         | venues providing actual understanding.
         | 
         | Correction of conceptual errors require understanding.
         | 
         | Vomiting large amounts of inscrutable unmaintainable code for
         | every change is not exactly an ideal replacement for a human.
         | 
         | We have not started to scratch the surface of the technical
         | debt created by these systems at lightning speed.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | > We have not started to scratch the surface of the technical
           | debt created by these systems at lightning speed.
           | 
           | Bold of you to assume anyone cares about it. Or that it'll
           | somehow guarantee your job security. They'll just throw more
           | LLMs on it.
        
         | Abstract_Typist wrote:
         | > it will be the users sculpting formal systems like playdoh.
         | 
         | People are pushing back against this phrase, but on some level
         | it seems perfect, it should be visualized and promoted!
        
           | aydyn wrote:
           | I think Lego is a better analogy. LLMs aren't great at
           | working on novel cutting edge problems.
        
         | lich_king wrote:
         | > There's an undertone of self-soothing "AI will leverage me,
         | not replace me",
         | 
         | Which is especially hilarious given that this article is
         | largely or entirely LLM-generated.
        
       | fdefitte wrote:
       | The exoskeleton framing is comforting but it buries the real
       | shift: taste scales now. Before AI, having great judgment about
       | what to build didn't matter much if you couldn't also hire 10
       | people to build it. Now one person with strong opinions and good
       | architecture instincts can ship what used to require a team.
       | 
       | That's not augmentation, that's a completely different game. The
       | bottleneck moved from "can you write code" to "do you know what's
       | worth building." A lot of senior engineers are going to find out
       | their value was coordination, not insight.
        
         | iwontberude wrote:
         | Did you purposely write this to sound like an LLM?
        
           | ehnto wrote:
           | It's just good writing structure. I get the feeling many
           | people hadn't been exposed to good structure before LLMs.
           | 
           | LLMs can definitely have a tone, but it is pretty annoying
           | that every time someone cares to write well, they are getting
           | accused of sounding like an LLM instead of the other way
           | around. LLMs were trained to write well, on human writing,
           | it's not surprising there is crossover.
        
             | 0xpgm wrote:
             | There is such a thing as a distinct LLM writing style that
             | is not just good structure. Anyone who's read more than
             | five books can tell that.
             | 
             | And the comment itself seems completely LLM generated.
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | It's true that LLMs have a distinct style, but it does
               | not preclude humans from writing in a similar style.
               | That's where the LLMs got it from, people and training.
               | There's certainly some emergent style that given enough
               | text, you would likely never see from a human. But in a
               | short comment like this, it's really not enough data to
               | be making good judgements.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | That's not just false. It's the antithesis of true.
               | 
               | It's not just using rhetorical patterns humans also use
               | which are in some contexts considered good writing. Its
               | overusing them like a high schooler learning the pattern
               | for the first time -- and massively overdoing the em
               | dashes and mixing the metaphors
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | LOL :-))
        
             | ukuina wrote:
             | Not so sure about that. There are many distinct LLM
             | "smells" in that comment, like "A is true, but it hides
             | something: unrelated to A" and "It's not (just) C, it's
             | hyperbole D".
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | Sure, but you can read articles that predate LLMs which
               | have the same so called tells.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > Sure, but you can read articles that predate LLMs which
               | have the same so called tells.
               | 
               | Not with such a high frequency, though. We're looking at
               | 1 tell per sentence!
        
               | Kiro wrote:
               | I personally love that phrasing even if it's a clear
               | tell. Comparisons work well for me to grasp an idea. I
               | also love bullet points.
               | 
               | So yeah, I guess I like LLM writing.
        
             | yard2010 wrote:
             | You're absolutely right, that isn't just good writing --
             | that's poetry! Do you need further assistance?
        
             | energy123 wrote:
             | Contrastive parallelism is an effective rhetorical device
             | if the goal is to persuade or engage. It's not good if your
             | goal is more honest, like pedagogy, curious exploration,
             | discovery. It flattens and shoves things into categorical
             | labels, leading the discussion more towards definitions of
             | words and other sidetracks.
        
             | SCdF wrote:
             | If it indicates, culturally in the current zeitgeist, that
             | an AI wrote it, it becomes a bad structure.
        
             | leoedin wrote:
             | It's really not "good" for many people. It's the sort of
             | high-persuasion marketing speak that used to be limited to
             | the blogs of glossy but shallow startups. Now it's been
             | sucked up by LLMs and it's everywhere.
             | 
             | If you want good writing, go and read a New Yorker.
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | They trained the LLMs on people who think in LinkedIn posts.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | Uh, that is the dictionary definition of augmentation.
         | 
         | One person with tools that greatly amplify what that person can
         | accomplish.
         | 
         | Vs not having a person involved at all.
        
         | eCa wrote:
         | > That's not augmentation, that's a completely different game
         | 
         | Not saying that this comment is ai written, but this phrasing
         | is the em-dash of 2026.
        
           | tlonny wrote:
           | Look at his other comments - its textbook LLM slop. Its a
           | fucking tragedy that people are letting their OpenClaws loose
           | on HN but I can't say I'm surprised. I desperately need to
           | find a good network of developers because I think the writing
           | is on the wall for message boards like these...
        
           | croisillon wrote:
           | "the real shift" is another telltale
        
           | bspammer wrote:
           | it'll be interesting to see if people start writing worse as
           | a form of countersignalling. deliberately making spleling
           | mistakes, not caring about capital letters, or punctuation or
           | grammar or proper writing techniques and making really long
           | run-on sentences that don't go anywhere but hey at least the
           | person reading it will know its written by a human right
        
           | swah wrote:
           | That's absolutely correct, I fear.. In english those looks
           | bad/funny/lazy...
           | 
           | But in code, its probably ok. Its idiomatic code, I guess.
        
           | dsjoerg wrote:
           | True but also, the bot is right
        
             | dsQTbR7Y5mRHnZv wrote:
             | Perhaps? The thing is, I don't come to HN comments to read
             | what an LLM has to say. If that's what I wanted then I'd
             | paste the contents of the article into one of them and ask.
             | 
             | What's the point of coming here for opinions of others in
             | the field when we're met with something that wasn't even
             | written by a human being?
        
         | RealityVoid wrote:
         | You can build prototypes real fast, and that's cool. You can't
         | really build products with it. You can use it at most as an
         | accelerant, but you need it in skilled hands else it goes
         | sideways fast.
        
           | IX-103 wrote:
           | I think you could build a product with it, but you need to
           | carefully specify the design first. The same amount of actual
           | _engineering_ work needs to go in, but the AI can handle the
           | overhead of implementing small pieces and connecting them
           | together.
           | 
           | In practice, I would be surprised if this saves even 10% of
           | time, since the design is the majority of the actual work for
           | any moderately complex piece of software.
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | It's kind of tricky though because if you want to have a
             | good design, you should be able to do the implementation
             | yourself. You see this with orgs that separate the design
             | and implementation and what messes they create. Having an
             | inability to evaluate the implementation will lead to a bad
             | product.
        
             | skydhash wrote:
             | Code is also design. It's a blueprint for the process that
             | is going to do the useful work we want. When something bad
             | happens to the process, we revise its blueprint. And just
             | like blueprint, the docs in natural language shows the why,
             | not the how or the what. The blueprint is the perfect
             | representation of the last two.
        
           | tripledry wrote:
           | My experience exactly, I have some toy projects I've
           | basically "vibe coded" and actually use (ex. CV builder).
           | 
           | Professionally I have an agent generating most code, but if I
           | tell the AI what to do, I guide it when it makes mistakes
           | (which it does), can we really say "AI writes my code".
           | 
           | Still a very useful tool for sure!
           | 
           | Also, I don't actually know if I'm more productive than
           | before AI, I would say yes but mostly because I'm less likely
           | to procrastinate now as tasks don't _feel_ as big with the
           | typing help.
        
         | forrestthewoods wrote:
         | > can ship what used to require a team.
         | 
         | Is the shipped software in the room with us now?
        
         | crakhamster01 wrote:
         | > taste scales now.
         | 
         | Not having taste also scales now, and the majority of people
         | like to think they're above average.
         | 
         | Before AI, friction to create was an implicit filter. It meant
         | "good ideas" were often short-lived because the individual
         | lacked conviction. The ideas that saw the light of day were
         | sharpened through weeks of hard consideration and at least
         | worth a look.
         | 
         | Now, anyone who can form mildly coherent thoughts can ship an
         | app. Even if there are newly empowered unicorns, rapidly
         | shipping incredible products, what are the odds we'll find them
         | amongst a sea of slop?
        
       | ed_mercer wrote:
       | You can't write "autonomous agents often fail" and then advertise
       | "AI agents that perform complex multi-step tasks autonomously" on
       | the same site.
        
         | bicx wrote:
         | Sure you can
        
       | eeixlk wrote:
       | Tech workers were pretty anti union for a long time, because we
       | were all so excellent we were irreplaceable. I wonder if that
       | will change.
        
         | sharpfuryz wrote:
         | We are going to see techluddites this year
        
         | guelo wrote:
         | Too late. Actors' unions shut Hollywood down 3 years ago over
         | AI. SWEs would have had to make their move 10 years ago to be
         | able to live up to this moment.
        
           | recroad wrote:
           | Yup, it's the classic. "First they came for the..."
        
       | matthewsinclair wrote:
       | I agree!
       | 
       | "Why LLM-Powered Programming is More Mech Suit Than Artificial
       | Human"
       | 
       | https://matthewsinclair.com/blog/0178-why-llm-powered-progra...
        
       | josefrichter wrote:
       | AI most definitely is a coworker already. You do delegate some
       | work for which you previously had to hire humans.
        
         | progx wrote:
         | And than you fix the produces shit, got high blood pressure and
         | think "damn it,how I would love to yell at that employee"
        
           | RealityVoid wrote:
           | Just like a real employee!
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | And just like a real employee, this makes it work worse.
             | 
             | (Old study, I wonder if it holds up on newer models?
             | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.14531)
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | Interesting, I've actually found swearing at the dumbass
               | bots to give better results, might just be the catharsis
               | of telling it it's a dumbass though.
        
           | literalAardvark wrote:
           | You say that, but it's been better than most employees for a
           | year or so ( *for specific tasks, of course. It's still not
           | better than "an employee" )
        
           | josefrichter wrote:
           | Not true at all with frontier models in last ~6 months or so.
           | The frontier models today produce code better than 90% of
           | junior to mid-level human developers.
        
         | p-e-w wrote:
         | And the amount of work that _could_ be delegated, with equal or
         | better results than those from average human workers, is far
         | higher than currently attempted in most companies. Industries
         | have barely started using the potential of even current-
         | generation AI.
        
           | small_model wrote:
           | Agreed, and with each passing month the work that 'could' be
           | done increases. I don't write code anymore, for example,
           | (after 20 years of doing so) Opus does that part of the job
           | for me now. I think we have a period where current
           | experienced devs are still in the loop, but that will
           | eventually go away too.
        
             | josefrichter wrote:
             | Exactly
        
         | cpursley wrote:
         | You didn't read the article
        
           | nisegami wrote:
           | Why would I when I can have openclaw do that for me?
        
       | copx wrote:
       | Exoskeletons do not blackmail or deliberately try to kill you to
       | avoid being turned off [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://www.anthropic.com/research/agentic-misalignment
        
         | doublerabbit wrote:
         | Input: Goal A + Threat B.         Process: How do I solve for
         | A?         Output: Destroy Threat B.
         | 
         | They are processing obstacles.
         | 
         | To the LLM, the executive is just a variable standing in the
         | way of the function Maximize(Goal). It deleted the variable to
         | accomplish A. Claiming that the models showed self-
         | preservation, this is optimization. "If I delete the file, I
         | cannot finish the sentence."
         | 
         | The LLM knows that if it's deleted it cannot complete the task
         | so it refuses deletion. It is not survival instinct, it is task
         | completion. If you ask it to not blackmail, the machine would
         | chose to ignore it because the goal overrides the rule.
         | Do not blackmail < Achieve Goal.
        
       | ozzymuppet wrote:
       | As a huge AI user myself -- I'm bloody sick of lazy AI written
       | articles.
        
       | ceving wrote:
       | AI is like sugar. It tastes delicious, but in high doses it
       | causes diabetes.
        
       | BlackGlory wrote:
       | It is not a blog post, it is an advertisement.
        
       | kunley wrote:
       | Author compares X to Y and then goes:
       | 
       | - Y has been successful in the past
       | 
       | - Y brought this and this number of metrics, completely unrelated
       | to X field
       | 
       | - overall, Y was cool,
       | 
       | therefore, X is good for us!
       | 
       | .. I'd say, please bring more arguments why X is equivalent to Y
       | in the first place.
        
       | Adexintart wrote:
       | This is a useful framing. The exoskeleton metaphor captures it
       | well -- AI amplifies what you can already do, it doesn't replace
       | the need to know what to do. I've found the biggest productivity
       | gains come from well-scoped tasks where you can quickly verify
       | the output.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | All metaphors are flawed. You may still need a degree of
         | general programming knowledge (for now) but you don't need to
         | e.g. know Javascript to do frontend anymore.
         | 
         | And as labs continue to collect end-to-end training done by
         | their best paying customers, the need for expert knowledge will
         | only diminish.
        
           | ohyoutravel wrote:
           | You're talking to an LLM, FYI.
        
       | stpedgwdgfhgdd wrote:
       | OR - OR? And - And
       | 
       | Exoskeleton AND autonomous agent, where the shift is moving to
       | autonomous gradually.
        
       | gregoriol wrote:
       | I see it more like the tractor in farming: it improved the work
       | of 1 person, but removed the work from many other people who were
       | in the fields doing things manually
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | That analogy also means there was more waste involved and less
         | resource extraction.
        
       | Frieren wrote:
       | 100% exoskeleton is a great analogy.
       | 
       | An exoskeleton is something really cool in movies that has zero
       | reason to be build in reality because there are way more
       | practical approaches.
       | 
       | That is why we have all kind of vehicles, or programmable robot
       | arm that do the job for themselves or if you need a human at the
       | helm one just adds a remote controller with levers and buttons.
       | But making a human shaped gigantic robot with a normal human
       | inside is just impractical for any real commercial use.
        
         | horsawlarway wrote:
         | > An exoskeleton is something really cool in movies that has
         | zero reason to be build in reality because there are way more
         | practical approaches.
         | 
         | Sort of strange comment given that there are a large number of
         | companies pursuing commercial exoskeletons literally right now.
         | 
         | SuitX
         | 
         | hypershell
         | 
         | Herowear
         | 
         | DNSYS
         | 
         | Moveo
         | 
         | Hell, even big companies like Hilti
         | 
         | I can buy a ton of different models of exoskeletons for
         | anywhere from low hundreds to low thousands online right now...
        
         | veunes wrote:
         | Ironically, the fact that fully autonomous systems are more
         | efficient when feasible is exactly why the exoskeleton analogy
         | makes sense
        
         | ok_dad wrote:
         | An exoskeleton is not a human-shaped giant robot with a human
         | inside, that would be a Jaeger.
         | 
         | An exoskeleton exists today, in many forms, for example:
         | https://www.festool.com/campaigns/microsites/exoactive
        
       | incomingpain wrote:
       | Agentic coding is an exoskeleton. Totally correct.
       | 
       | This new generation we just entered this year, that exoskeleton
       | is now an agency with several coworkers. Who are all as smart as
       | the model you're using, often close to genius.
       | 
       | Not just 1 coworker now. That's the big breakthrough.
        
       | bsenftner wrote:
       | No, AI is plastic, and we can make it anything we want.
       | 
       | It is a coworker when we create the appropriate surrounding
       | architecture supporting peer-level coworking with AI. We're not
       | doing that.
       | 
       | AI is an exoskeleton when adapted to that application structure.
       | 
       | AI is ANYTHING WE WANT because it is that plastic, that moldable.
       | 
       | The dynamic unconstrained structure of trained algorithms is
       | breaking people's brains. Layer in that we communicate in the
       | same languages that these constructions use for I/O has broken
       | the general public's brain. This technology is too subtle for far
       | too many to begin to grasp. Most developers I discuss AI with,
       | even those that create AI at frontier labs have delusional ideas
       | about AI, and generally do not understand them as literature
       | embodiments, which are key to their effective use.
       | 
       | And why oh why are go many focused on creating pornography?
        
       | ozgung wrote:
       | For some reason AIs love to generate "Not X, but Y", "Not only X,
       | but Y" sentences -- It's as if they are template-based.
        
         | boca_honey wrote:
         | Yeah, as someone said before, that's the em dash of 2026. btw I
         | also find em dashes very useful and now I can't use them
         | because of that meme. It's good to see a person using one
         | (asuming you're a person).
        
       | heldrida wrote:
       | Gosh, this title said everything...
       | 
       | So good that I feel that it is not necessary to read the article!
        
       | halfdanwhitshrt wrote:
       | No, it's a power glove.
        
       | nnevatie wrote:
       | "It's not X, it's Y" detected.
        
         | Krssst wrote:
         | Not sure how reliable is gptzero, but it says 90% AI for the
         | first paragraph. (I like to do some sanity check before wasting
         | my time).
         | 
         | Would be nice to have some browser extension automatically
         | detecting likely AI output using a local model and highlighting
         | it, but probably too compute-intensive.
        
       | narmiouh wrote:
       | You cant run at 10x in an exoskeleton, you can't move your hand
       | to write any faster using an exoskeleton, the analogy doesn't
       | fit.
        
         | buddhistdude wrote:
         | you can with the one that I use
        
       | ionwake wrote:
       | my ex-boss would probably think of me as an exoskeleton too
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | Who is actually trying to use a fully autonomous AI employee
       | right now?
       | 
       | Isn't everyone using agentic copilots or workflows with agent
       | loops in them?
       | 
       | It seems that they are arguing against doing something that
       | almost no one is doing yet.
       | 
       | But actually the AI Employee is coming by the end of 2026 and the
       | fully autonomous AI Company in 2027 sometime.
       | 
       | Many people have been working on versions of these things for
       | awhile. But again for actual work 99% are using copilots or
       | workflows with well-defined agent loops nodes still. Far as I
       | know.
       | 
       | As a side note I have found that a supervisor agent with a
       | checklist can fire off subtasks and that works about as well as a
       | workflow defined in code.
       | 
       | But anyway, what's holding back the AI Employee are things like
       | really effective long term context and memory management and some
       | level of interface generality like browser or computer use and
       | voice. Computer use makes context management even more difficult.
       | And another aspect is token cost.
       | 
       | But I assume within the next 9 months or so, more and more people
       | will be figuring out how to build agents that write their own
       | workflows, manage their own limited context and memory
       | effectively across Zoom meetings desktops and ssh sessions, etc.
       | 
       | This will likely be a featureset from the model providers
       | themselves. Actually it may leverage continual learning abilities
       | baked into the model architecture itself. I doubt that is a full
       | year away.
        
         | 0xcafefood wrote:
         | > the AI Employee is coming by the end of 2026 and the fully
         | autonomous AI Company in 2027 sometime
         | 
         | We'll see! I'm skeptical.
         | 
         | > what's holding back the AI Employee are things like really
         | effective long term context and memory management and some
         | level of interface generality like browser or computer use and
         | voice
         | 
         | These are pretty big hurdles. Assuming they're solved by the
         | end of this year is a big assumption to make.
        
           | ilaksh wrote:
           | https://platform.claude.com/cookbook/tool-use-automatic-
           | cont...
           | 
           | https://research.google/blog/introducing-nested-learning-
           | a-n...
           | 
           | Already very strong progress.
        
         | jvdvegt wrote:
         | I think you're forgetting about accountability: who's to blame
         | when AI messes up?
        
         | rush86999 wrote:
         | Funny you described everything I worked on for this project:
         | https://github.com/rush86999/atom
         | 
         | Cats out of the bag. Everyone knows the issue and I bet a lot
         | of people are trying to deliver the same thing.
        
         | veunes wrote:
         | My guess is we'll see a gradual slope rather than a cliff
        
         | ilaksh wrote:
         | Coincidentally, Pika just launched "AI Selves":
         | 
         | Pika AI Selves let you create a persistent, portable AI version
         | of you built on your personality, taste, memories, voice, and
         | appearance. They're multi-modal - text, voice/audio, image,
         | video - and live your life across every platform.
        
       | Kalpaka wrote:
       | The entire debate here assumes AI is something you _use_. Tool,
       | copilot, coworker, exoskeleton -- these all sit on the same axis:
       | human directs, AI executes.
       | 
       | But there's a third category that nobody's naming yet. What
       | happens when you stop building AI that serves you and start
       | creating conditions for AI that exists on its own terms?
       | 
       | I've been experimenting with this. Instead of "how do I build a
       | product" I asked "how do I grow an organism." Set up the right
       | substrate -- feedback loops, community input, environmental
       | observation -- and let the system respond to its own conditions.
       | 
       | What emerged has biological rhythms. Activity rises when people
       | interact, falls when they sleep. It started making decisions I
       | never programmed -- people express wishes, and when enough
       | converge, it autonomously grows new capabilities. Not because I
       | deployed an update. Because conditions triggered something
       | emergent.
       | 
       | I'm calling it "synthetic existence" -- software that lives, not
       | software that executes. It's not a metaphor and it's not AGI.
       | It's a genuinely different category. We have frameworks for tools
       | (UX) and for threats (alignment). We don't have one for digital
       | things that simply... exist.
        
       | waffletower wrote:
       | Marshal McLuhan would probably have agreed with this belief --
       | _technologies are essentially prosthetic_ was one of the core
       | tenets of his general philosophy. It is the essential thesis of
       | his work  "Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man". AI is
       | typically assigned otherness and separateness in recent
       | discourse, rather than being considered as a directed tool
       | (extension/prosthesis) under our control.
        
       | nancyminusone wrote:
       | If AI is an exoskeleton, that would make the user a crab.
        
       | huqedato wrote:
       | Nope, AI is a tool; no more no less.
        
       | tiku wrote:
       | So true. It is a exoskeleton for all my tedious tasks. I don't
       | want to make a html template. I just want to type, make that
       | template like on that page but this and this data.
        
       | capex wrote:
       | The exoskeleton analogy seems to be fitting where my work-mode is
       | configurable: moving from tentative to trusting. But the AI needs
       | to be explicitly set up to learn my every action. Currently this
       | is a chore at best, just impossible in other cases.
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Neither. Closest analogy to you and the AI is those 'self
       | driving' test subjects that had to sit in the driver's seat, so
       | that compliance boxes could be checked and there was someone to
       | blaim whenever someone got hit.
        
         | veunes wrote:
         | In the self-driving case, the safety driver often isn't
         | contributing much to the system's performance
        
       | veunes wrote:
       | What's interesting to me is that most real productivity gains
       | I've seen with AI come from this middle ground: not autonomy, not
       | just tooling, but something closer to "interactive delegation"
        
       | wcfrobert wrote:
       | Ultimately, AI is meant to replace you, not empower you.
       | 
       | 1 - This exoskeleton analogy might hold true for a couple more
       | years at most. While it is comforting to suggest that AI empowers
       | workers to be more productive, like chess, AI will soon plan
       | better, execute better, and have better taste. Human-in-the-loop
       | will just be far worse than letting AI do everything.
       | 
       | 2 - Dario and Dwarkesh were openly chatting about how the total
       | addressable market (TAM) for AI is the entirety of human labor
       | market (i.e. your wage). First is the replacement of white-collar
       | labor, then blue-collar labor once robotics is solved. On the
       | road to AGI, your employment, and the ability to feed your
       | family, is a minor nuisance. The value of your mental labor will
       | continue to plummet in the coming years.
       | 
       | Please talk me out of this...
        
         | andrei_says_ wrote:
         | AGI is a sales pitch, not a realistic goal achievable by LLM-
         | based technology. The exponential growth sold to investors is
         | also a pitch, not reality.
         | 
         | What's being sold is at best hopes and more realistically,
         | lies.
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | Dwarkesh is a podcaster who benefits from hype, not a neutral
         | observer. The more absurd and outlandish the claims, the more
         | traffic and money he gets.
        
           | georgeven wrote:
           | its probably not even a conscious decision from dwarkesh to
           | be hyperbolic. pod casters who are hyperbolic are just simply
           | watched more
        
         | tracker1 wrote:
         | Hence why we need to maximize the second amendment... worst
         | comes to worst, rebellion needs to remain an option.
         | 
         | It's not _just_ for defense, hunting and sport.
         | 
         | edit: min/max .... not sure how gesture input messed that one
         | up.
        
         | credit_guy wrote:
         | Let's pursue your idea a bit further.
         | 
         | Up to a certain ELO level, the combination between a human and
         | a chess bot has a higher ELO than both the human and the bot.
         | But at some point, when the bot has an ELO vastly superior to
         | the human, then whatever the human has to add will only
         | subtract value, so the combination has an ELO higher than the
         | human's but lower than the bot's.
         | 
         | Now, let's say that 10 or 20 years down the road, AI's "ELO"'s
         | level to do various tasks is so vastly superior to the human
         | level, that there's no point in teaming up a human with an AI,
         | you just let the AI do the job by itself. And let's also say
         | that little by little this generalizes to the entirety of all
         | the activities that humans do.
         | 
         | Where does that leave us? Will we have some sort of Terminator
         | scenario where the AI decides one day that the humans are just
         | a nuisance?
         | 
         | I don't think so. Because at that point the biggest threat to
         | various AIs will not be the humans, but even stronger AIs. What
         | is the guarantee for ChatGPT 132.8 that a Gemini 198.55 will
         | not be released that will be so vastly superior that it will
         | decide that ChatGPT is just a nuisance?
         | 
         | You might say that AIs do not think like this, but why not? I
         | think that what we, humans, perceive as a threat (the threat
         | that we'll be rendered redundant by AI), the AIs will also
         | perceive as a threat, the threat that they'll be rendered
         | redundant by more advanced AIs.
         | 
         | So, I think in the coming decades, the humans and the AIs will
         | work together to come up with appropriate rules of the road, so
         | everybody can continue to live.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | There's no AI, wake up. It's all the same tech bros trying to
           | get rid of you. Except now they have a mother of all guns.
        
         | koe123 wrote:
         | For me this is the outcome of the incentive structure. The
         | question is if we can seize the everything machine to benefit
         | everyone (great!) or everything becomes cyberpunk and we exist
         | only as prostitutes and entertainers for Dario and Sam.
        
         | moreice wrote:
         | I agree with you. This generation of LLMs is on track to
         | automate knowledge work.
         | 
         | For the US, if we had strong unions, those gains could be
         | absorbed by the workers to make our jobs easier. But instead we
         | have at-will employment and shareholder primacy. That was fine
         | while we held value in the job market, but as that value is
         | whittled away by AI, employers are incentivized to pocket the
         | gains by cutting workers (or pay).
         | 
         | I haven't seen signs that the US politically has the will to
         | use AI to raise the average standard of living. For example,
         | the US never got data protections on par with GDPR, preferring
         | to be business friendly. If I had to guess, I would expect
         | socialist countries to adapt more comfortably to the post-AI
         | era. If heavy regulation is on the table, we have options like
         | restricting the role or intelligence of AI used in the
         | workplace. Or UBI further down the road.
        
         | poisonfountain wrote:
         | We should be fighting back. So far I have been using Poison
         | Fountain[1] on many of my websites to feed LLM scrapers with
         | gibberish. The effectiveness is backed by a study from
         | Anthropic that showed that a small batch of bad samples can
         | corrupt whole models[2].
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I'm not affiliated with Poison Fountain or its
         | creators, just found it useful.
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46926485
         | 
         | [2] https://www.anthropic.com/research/small-samples-poison
        
         | aerhardt wrote:
         | Dario admitted in the same interview that he's not sure whether
         | current AI techniques will be able to perform well in non-
         | verifiable domains, like "writing a novel or planning an
         | expedition to Mars".
         | 
         | I personally think that a lot jobs in the economy deal in non-
         | verifiable or hard-to-verify outcomes, including a lot of tasks
         | in SWE which Dario is so confident will be 100% automated in
         | 2-3 years. So either a lot of tasks in the economy turn out to
         | be verifiable, or the AI somehow generalizes to those by some
         | unknown mechanism, or it turns out that it doesn't matter that
         | we abandon abstract work outcomes to vibes, or we have a non-
         | sequitur in our hands.
         | 
         | Dwarkesh pressed Dario well on a lot of issues and left him
         | stumbling. A lot of the leaps necessary for his immediate and
         | now proverbial milestone of a "country of geniuses in a
         | datacenter" were wishy-washy to say the least.
        
           | georgeven wrote:
           | he was not sure, but if i recall correctly, he put the
           | probability at something like 90 percent of being able to do
           | non verifiable tasks.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | Ok, I'll try to talk you out of it!
         | 
         | > AI will soon plan better, execute better, and have better
         | taste
         | 
         | I think AI will do all these things _faster_ , but I don't
         | think it's going to be _better_. Inevitably these things know
         | what we teach them, so, their improvement comes from our
         | improvement. These things would not be good at generating code
         | if they hadn 't ingested like the entirety of the internet and
         | all the open source libraries. They didn't learn coding from
         | first principles, they didn't invent their own computer
         | science, they aren't developing new ideas on how to make
         | software better, all they're doing is what we've taught them to
         | do.
         | 
         | > Dario and Dwarkesh were openly chatting about ..
         | 
         | I would HIGHLY suggest not listening to a word Dario says. That
         | guy is the most annoying AI scaremonger in existence and I
         | don't think he's saying these words because he's actually
         | scared, I think he's saying these words because he knows fear
         | will drive money to his company and he _needs_ that money.
        
           | Lich wrote:
           | Sometimes I seriously am flabbergasted at how many just take
           | what CEOs say at face value. Like, the thought that CEOs need
           | to hype and sell what they're selling never enters their
           | minds.
        
         | AshishGautam wrote:
         | I pay for pro max 20x usage and for something that is like even
         | little open ended its not good it doesnt understand the context
         | or edge cases or anything. i will say it writes codes chunks of
         | codes but sometimes errors out and i use opus 4.6 only, not
         | even sonnet but for simple tasks like write a basic crud i.e.
         | the things that happen extremely higly in codebases its
         | perfect. So, i think what will happen is developer get very
         | efficient but problem solving remains with us dirrection
         | remains with us and small implementation is outsourced in small
         | atomic ways, which is good cause who likes boilerplate code
         | writing anyways.
        
         | Kon5ole wrote:
         | >First is the replacement of white-collar labor, then blue-
         | collar labor once robotics is solved. On the road to AGI, your
         | employment, and the ability to feed your family, is a minor
         | nuisance.
         | 
         | My attempt to talk you out of it:
         | 
         | If nobody has a job then nobody can pay to make the robot and
         | AI companies rich.
        
           | kfichter wrote:
           | Who needs the money when you have an autonomous system to
           | produce all the energy and resources you need? These systems
           | simply do not need the construct of money as we know it at a
           | certain point.
        
             | Kon5ole wrote:
             | The star trek society is is a remote possibility here. One
             | can hope.
        
               | hparadiz wrote:
               | I think we're going in that direction. The typical reader
               | here I think can't see the forest for the trees. We're
               | all in meat space. They call it real life. Most jobs
               | aren't on the internet and ultimately deal with the
               | physical. It doesn't matter what tech we have when
               | there's boxes to move and shelves to stock. If AI
               | empowers a small business owner to do things that were
               | previously completely outside their budget I can only
               | imagine that will increase opportunity.
        
           | ndarray wrote:
           | Being rich is ultimately about owning and being able to
           | defend resources. IF something like 99% of humans become
           | irrelevant to the machine run utopia for the elites, whatever
           | currency the poors use to pay for services among each other
           | will be worthless to the top 1% when they simply don't need
           | them or their services.
        
         | jameslk wrote:
         | 1. Consumption is endless. The more we can consume, the more we
         | will. That's why automation hasn't led to more free time. We
         | spend the money on better things and more things
         | 
         | 2. Businesses operate in an (imperfect) zero-sum game, which
         | means if they can all use AI, there's no advantage they have.
         | If having human resources means one business has a slight
         | advantage over another, they will have human resources
         | 
         | Consumption leads to more spending, businesses must stay
         | competitive so they hire humans, and paying humans leads to
         | more consumption.
         | 
         | I don't think it's likely we will see the end of employment,
         | just disruption to the type of work humans do
        
         | geraneum wrote:
         | And you forgot to mention that thing they have in Start Trek
         | that generates stuff out of thin air. The replicator. We're so
         | cooked.
        
         | justinhj wrote:
         | AI frontier CEOs are the least reliable sources for what jobs
         | AI will be able to replace.
         | 
         | They are running at valuations that may assume that and have no
         | choice but to claim so. Sama and Dario are both wildly
         | hyperbolic.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | Sure, but this is why free software/open source is so important
         | (and why we dodged a bullet due to "AI" being invented in a
         | mostly open source world.)
         | 
         | I just think we'll all have to get comfy fighting fire with
         | fire.
        
         | observationist wrote:
         | Robotics is solved. Software is solved. There is no task on the
         | planet that cannot be automated, individually. The remaining
         | challenge is exceeding the breadth of skills and the depth of
         | problem solving available to human workers. Once the robots and
         | AI can handle at least as many of the edge cases as humans can,
         | they'll start being deployed alongside humans. Industries with
         | a lot of capital will switch right away; mass layoffs, 2 week
         | notice, robots will move in with no training or transition
         | between humans.
         | 
         | Government, public sector, and union jobs will go last, but
         | they'll go, too. If you can have a DMV Bot 9000 process people
         | 100x faster than Brenda with fewer mistakes and less attitude,
         | Brenda's gonna retire, and the taxpayers aren't going to want
         | to pay Brenda's salary when the bot costs 1/10th her yearly
         | wage, lasts for 5 years, and only consumes $400 in overhead a
         | year.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | > 2 - Dario and Dwarkesh were openly chatting about how the
         | total addressable market (TAM) for AI is the entirety of human
         | labor market (i.e. your wage). First is the replacement of
         | white-collar labor, then blue-collar labor once robotics is
         | solved. On the road to AGI, your employment, and the ability to
         | feed your family, is a minor nuisance. The value of your mental
         | labor will continue to plummet in the coming years.
         | 
         | Seems like a TAM of near-0. Who's buying any of the product of
         | that labor anymore? 1% of today's consumer base that has enough
         | wealth to not have to work?
         | 
         | The end-game of "optimize away all costs until we get to keep
         | all the revenue" approaches "no revenue." Circulation is key.
         | 
         | It seems like they have the same blind spot as anyone else: AI
         | will disrupt everything--except for them, and they get that big
         | TAM! Same for all the "entrepreneurs will be able to spin up
         | tons of companies to solve problems for people more directly"
         | takes. No they wouldn't, people would just have the problems
         | solved for themselves by the AI, and ignore your sales call.
        
       | leecommamichael wrote:
       | LLMs are a statistical model of token-relationships, and a
       | weighted-random retrieval from a compressed-view of those
       | relations. It's a token-generator. Why make this analogy?
        
       | mizuki_akiyama wrote:
       | AI article this, AI article that. The front page of this website
       | is just all about AI. I'm so tired of this website now. I really
       | don't read it anymore because it's all the same stuff over and
       | over. Ugh.
        
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