[HN Gopher] Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available
        
       Author : sz4kerto
       Score  : 277 points
       Date   : 2026-02-18 16:46 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tailscale.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tailscale.com)
        
       | tda wrote:
       | I just set this up the other day, and I got my ping to drop from
       | 16 to 10ms, and my bandwidth tripled, when connecting from a
       | remote natted site to a matter desktop my house. Together with
       | Moonlight/Sunshine I can now play Windows games on my Linux
       | desktop from my MacBook, with 50mbps/10ms streaming. So far so
       | good!
       | 
       | Not a single port forwarded, I just set my router up as peer
       | node.
        
         | arjie wrote:
         | What hardware do you use on the networking side?
        
           | tda wrote:
           | Nothing special, an edgerouter that allows installing
           | tailscale
        
         | aborsy wrote:
         | There are several ports open (you dont open them, Tailscale
         | does), including for peer relay. Some are vpn ports, but the
         | ports for relay servers are not for VPN so my guess is that the
         | software that listens to those ports is a lot less secure
         | (compared to Wireguard or OpenVPN).
        
           | tda wrote:
           | Yes my router has open ports, but it does not do any port
           | forwarding. So I can 'directly' connect any device behind my
           | router without my router needing to know any specifics of
           | which device that is. And I don't need to do any port
           | forwarding of anything on my network and thus expose them to
           | the whole internet; I just expose them to the users of my
           | tailscale network (only me)
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Does your router not support UPNP for dynamic port
             | punching?
        
               | bityard wrote:
               | UPnP allows literally any random piece of software inside
               | your network to open and forward arbitrary ports on your
               | firewall. Bad idea!
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Within my risk appetite on trusted network segments. I
               | have bigger issues if malware is operational within the
               | trust boundary, it can do what it needs using outbound
               | connections just fine (recon, lateral movement, etc).
               | Your risk appetite might differ.
        
         | nickburns wrote:
         | Neat use case. But in fairness, you've simply 'offloaded' NAT
         | traversal/port forwarding to automagic helper protocols over
         | which you have no control even if you wanted it.
        
         | FrenchTouch42 wrote:
         | May want to give Apollo a try:
         | https://github.com/ClassicOldSong/Apollo (re Sunshine)
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | Why?
        
             | tietjens wrote:
             | It handles virtual displays better in case you want your pc
             | screen to be off while streaming. There might be other
             | reasons.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Oh nice, virtual displays is a feature I've been wanting,
               | thanks!
        
         | jak6jak wrote:
         | That seems really exciting! If you wanted to share game
         | streaming to a general public would they have to install
         | tailscale on their device/login? How does that work? Am I right
         | in assuming that tailscale is built mostly for sharing
         | resources with people you trust instead of the general public?
        
       | behnamoh wrote:
       | How does Tailscale make money? I really like their service but
       | I'm worried about a rug pull in the future. Has anyone tried
       | alternative FOSS solutions?
       | 
       | Also, sometimes it seems like I get rate limited on Tailscale.
       | Has anyone had that experience? This usually happens with
       | multiple SSH connections at the same time.
        
         | tiernano wrote:
         | It's free for up to 3 users. After that you need to start
         | paying.
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | I have a family of 4 so I pay and it's still crazy cheap.
           | I've wonder how sustainable it is.
        
         | prodigycorp wrote:
         | I love tailscale but you may be right, it's entering that
         | acquisition zone that'll inevitably bum everyone out.
         | 
         | Salesforce, stay away from it!
        
           | politelemon wrote:
           | Dearest Salesforce, Apple, Oracle, and IBM. Please look
           | elsewhere for acquisitions to ruin for everyone. Cheers.
        
           | tomxor wrote:
           | I have the same fears. Last year they have publicly stated
           | they are not interested in acquisition [0]
           | 
           | > Pennarun confirmed the company had been approached by
           | potential acquirers, but told BetaKit that the company
           | intends to grow as a private company and work towards an
           | initial public offering (IPO).
           | 
           | > "Tailscale intends to remain independent and we are on a
           | likely IPO track, although any IPO is several years out,"
           | Pennarun said. "Meanwhile, we have an extremely efficient
           | business model, rapid revenue acceleration, and a long runway
           | that allows us to become profitable when needed, which means
           | we can weather all kinds of economic storms."
           | 
           | Nothing is set in stone, after all it's VC backed. I have a
           | strong aversion to becoming dependent upon proprietary
           | services, however i have chosen to integrate TS into my
           | infrastructure, because the value and simplicity it provides
           | is worth it. I considered the various copy cat services and
           | pure FOSS clones, but TS are the ones who started this space
           | and are the ones continuously innovating in it, I'm onboard
           | with their ethos and mission and have made use of apenwarrs
           | previous work - In other words, they are the experts, they
           | appear to be pretty dedicated to this space, so I'm putting
           | my trust in them... I hope I'm right!
           | 
           | [0] https://betakit.com/corporate-vpn-startup-tailscale-
           | secures-...
        
             | nerdsniper wrote:
             | Would be curious if a partial decompilation and short
             | static analysis would yield any reliable info about what
             | they might be collecting.
        
             | omnimus wrote:
             | Just note i doubt Tailscale were first popular vpn manager
             | as i remember many hobby users are Zerotier converts and
             | also much older products like Hamachi.
             | 
             | Tailscale have build great product around wireguard (which
             | is quite young) and they have great marketing and docs. But
             | they are hardly first VPN service - they might not even be
             | the most popular one.
        
               | tomxor wrote:
               | Yes, I ambiguously said "started this space"... and to be
               | honest even in the most generous interpretation that's
               | probably incorrect, maybe ZeroTier started "this space",
               | in that it had NAT busting mesh networking first.
               | 
               | As far as I understand Tailscale brought NAT busting mesh
               | networking to wireguard + identity first access control,
               | and reduced configuration complexity. I think they were
               | the first to think about it from an end to end user
               | perspective, and each feature they add definitely has
               | this spin on it. It makes it feel effortless and
               | transparent (in both the networking use sense and
               | cryptography sense)... So i suppose that's what I mean by
               | started, TS was when it first really clicked for a larger
               | group of people, it felt right.
        
               | tietjens wrote:
               | Might be time to learn me some Wireguard.
        
         | evmar wrote:
         | They wrote a blog post addressing this concern:
         | https://tailscale.com/blog/free-plan
        
           | riknos314 wrote:
           | The Tl;Dr here is that the cost to them of operating the free
           | tier is lower than what they estimate their Customer
           | Acquisition Cost would be without a free tier, so the free
           | tier generates better leads/conversions to their paid
           | products at a lower cost than traditional sales and
           | marketing.
           | 
           | As long as these economics continue to hold they'd be stupid
           | to discontinue the free tier.
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | All it takes is for the decision-maker who gets the credit
             | for cutting costs by removing the free tier to be a
             | different person from the one who gets the blame for higher
             | customer acquisition costs. Not saying it'll happen, just
             | that it being a bad move isn't a guarantee.
        
             | eleventyseven wrote:
             | But it isn't 'economics' as there is no actual data or
             | science here, just a wild guess about what customer
             | acquisition might currently cost. All it takes to rug pull
             | is some exec speculating that 'the economics' have changed.
        
               | dagi3d wrote:
               | Acquisition cost can definitely be calculated. I'm pretty
               | sure they know how many customers do convert into paying
               | users from their free tier and how much does it cost to
               | get them through other channels
        
               | erikpukinskis wrote:
               | Any mature SaaS company will have exact measurements of
               | acquisition costs. This is advertising, sales staff, etc.
               | 
               | This is one the the most fundamental components of SaaS
               | accounting, it's absolutely not a "wild guess".
        
               | roughly wrote:
               | > But it isn't 'economics' as there is no actual data or
               | science here, just a wild guess
               | 
               | Welcome to economics.
        
             | hashstring wrote:
             | Makes me wonder.
             | 
             | Say 5% of the free tier users converts to a paying customer
             | within 5 years. And user growth is constant. Then over
             | time, you will get a much larger free tier user base,
             | compared to your paying customers (in absolute numbers). At
             | some point, it must become tempting to charge all free tier
             | users a little bit to continue, because the group got so
             | big, so there is a lot that can be earned there.
             | 
             | Is this wrong, or should we expect this?
        
               | tokioyoyo wrote:
               | Cloudflare still operates like this.
        
         | gz5 wrote:
         | OpenZiti (Apache 2.0):
         | 
         | https://github.com/openziti/ziti
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | This is a secure mesh network, but it appears to be for
           | embedding into applications, not a "private VPN" like
           | Tailscale, or do I misunderstand?
        
         | nsbk wrote:
         | At this point Tailscale is working so well and I'm so happy
         | with it that I'm afraid it's time to start migrating to
         | Headscale [0] for my home network. The rag pull may just be too
         | painful otherwise!
         | 
         | [0]: https://headscale.net/
        
           | sureglymop wrote:
           | I've been smoothly running headscale on a hetzner vps for
           | many months now. Works without issues (note that it does lack
           | some features still).
        
             | ErneX wrote:
             | Same here.
        
         | vizzier wrote:
         | > Also, sometimes it seems like I get rate limited on
         | Tailscale.
         | 
         | As I understand it if everything is working properly you should
         | end up with a peer to peer wireguard connection after initial
         | connection using tailscales infrastructure. ie, there should be
         | nothing to rate limit. There are exceptions depending on your
         | network environment where you need one of the relays noted in
         | this post.
         | 
         | As for opensource alternatives:
         | 
         | https://github.com/juanfont/headscale can replace tailscales
         | initial coordination servers
         | 
         | and https://netbird.io/ seemed to be a rapidly developing full
         | stack alternative.
        
           | arsome wrote:
           | Headscale also offers a relay server of its own.
        
         | eurg wrote:
         | Companies pay for it. And except for their DERP servers, free
         | users don't cost them much.
        
         | thecapybara wrote:
         | I self-host a few apps and use Tailscale to access them
         | remotely. It's worked well, so I recommended it as a possible
         | solution to allow employees at my company to remotely access
         | some on-prem resources while remote, and that's being
         | considered. If we go with that, then that'd be Tailscale making
         | money from me using the free plan.
        
         | dimatura wrote:
         | Our company pays for the premium business plan, $18/mo/user.
         | You have to pay for at least the lower tier plan once your team
         | grows beyond a handful of people. And there's several quite
         | useful features (though maybe not essential) on the premium
         | plan like serve/funnel and SSH.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I do wonder about zerotier. before tailscale
         | we used zerotier for a few years, and during the first 3-4
         | years we paid nothing because as far as I can recall there was
         | nothing extra that we needed that paying would've gotten us.
         | Eventually we did upgrade to add more users, and it cost
         | something like $5/mo (total, not per user).
        
           | gpm wrote:
           | I've used serve/funnel on the tailscale free tier...
           | definitely agree that the team size limit seems like it would
           | move companies to the paid plan though.
        
             | dimatura wrote:
             | I think how it works usually is that they let you use the
             | features from higher tier plans than the one you're on;
             | once you use them enough they send you an email asking to
             | upgrade. That's what happened to us and I've seen other
             | users mention it. Not sure how I felt about it, OTOH maybe
             | it was less friction than explicitly subscribing for some
             | "2 weeks free trial" or whatever but OTOH it did feel weird
             | and unexpected. Anyway, we felt the extra features were
             | worth it so ended up paying.
        
           | tamimio wrote:
           | Zerotier is not the same as tailscale although both can be
           | used to do the same, but under the hood both are
           | fundamentally different, ZT is layer2 like switch, so it's
           | like an Ethernet meanwhile TS is built on top of wireguard
           | and is layer3. ZT allows broadcast/multicast and has own
           | protocol, TS don't. I use both among others, and ZT since
           | around 2019, I found it reliable in some cases in IoT world
           | while TS had better throughput in usual applications.
        
             | dimatura wrote:
             | Yeah, they're not direct replacements. I think both models
             | have have their pros and cons. In fact I tried both around
             | when covid shutdowns started (server being in the office,
             | me at home), and liked zerotier better; it was faster, and
             | a more generous free tier. But now tailscale has won out
             | for a couple of reasons; the main one, it's simply less
             | flaky for us on macOS, especially for devs working
             | overseas. No idea why and maybe there's simple fixes (that
             | don't involve repeated connections/disconnections,
             | hopefully). The other, tailscale has a few extra things
             | that are nicer and easy to use like identity-based ACLs,
             | funnel/serve, magicDNS, ssh management, etc.
        
           | lysace wrote:
           | How do you handle the do-before-thinking devs? Or the kinda
           | low-to-mid performing devs? Most companies has one or a few
           | of those, right? They help the company machine go around by
           | doing the somewhat boring stuff over and over again.
           | 
           | Tailscale in a company/developer env seems awesome when you
           | know what you are doing and (potentially) terrifying
           | otherwise.
           | 
           | Does someone set up detailed ACLs for what's allowed? How
           | well does that work?
        
             | madeofpalk wrote:
             | > How do you handle the do-before-thinking devs?
             | 
             | Isn't that exactly what tailscale is built to accommodate -
             | zero trust?
             | 
             | You set up ACLs and other permissions to not allow people
             | to do more than the damage you can tolerate.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | Zerconf [?] zero trust. The difference could not be more
               | material in this context.
        
               | tonyplee wrote:
               | If both sides of your ssh tunnel (pub,private keys) are
               | under your control, in theory, that's "zero trust".
               | 
               | Unless one considers the meta data such as src/dest IP
               | are visible to Tailscale sw.
               | 
               | Right?
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | 'Zero trust' has a technical definition that's not really
               | relevant here. See:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_trust.
               | 
               | The concept is separate from 'zero config'
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-
               | configuration_networking), which Tailscale's low
               | technical barrier to entry evokes.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | Tailscale is a perfect example of using a free tier to become
         | popular with developers, who then evangelize the product to
         | their employers. The employers pay for business scale plans.
        
           | zephen wrote:
           | I wonder about this.
           | 
           | The hoops you have to jump through to be on two different
           | tailnets might dissuade some home users from even bringing it
           | up at work.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Home users being on multiple tailnets is serious power user
             | territory
        
         | mrsssnake wrote:
         | Free personal tier is basically a cheap advertisement for them.
         | You try Tailscale personally and get used to it, then it is
         | very likely you would want to deploy it at your work seeing the
         | benefits scaling even more with more people. And then they make
         | money.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | 1000%. Tailscale is the first VPN I've used that makes my
           | life easier, and I'm using it for personal access to my
           | selfhosted servers at home. I will definitely recommend it to
           | companies I work for in the future.
        
         | Lammy wrote:
         | > How does Tailscale make money?
         | 
         | They spy on your network behavior by default, so free users are
         | still paying with their behavioral data. See
         | https://tailscale.com/docs/features/logging
         | 
         | "Each Tailscale agent in your distributed network streams its
         | logs to a central log server (at log.tailscale.com). This
         | includes real-time events for open and close events for every
         | inter-machine connection (TCP or UDP) on your network."
         | 
         | They know what you're doing, when, from where, to where, on
         | your supposedly "private" network. It's possible to opt out on
         | Windows, on *nix systems, and when using the non-GUI client on
         | macOS by enabling the FUD-named "TS_NO_LOGS_NO_SUPPORT" option:
         | https://tailscale.com/docs/features/logging#opt-out-of-clien...
         | 
         | It is not currently possible to opt out on iOS/Android clients:
         | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/13174
         | 
         | For an example of how invasive this is for the average user,
         | this person discovered Tailscale trying to collect ~18000 data
         | points per week about their network usage based on the number
         | of blocked DNS requests for `log.tailscale.com`:
         | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/15326
        
           | nickburns wrote:
           | Pretty much this. DNS, SNI, and otherwise plaintext traffic
           | sniffing. That together with user/device 'fingerprinting' (a
           | much more amorphous concept), and that's why such-and-such
           | thing you were just talking about with so-and-so pops up on
           | your screen/feed/whatever, sometimes only minutes later.
           | 
           | I highly doubt any of this can actually be opted-out of. How
           | else would they stay in business?
        
             | namtim wrote:
             | The `TS_NO_LOGS_NO_SUPPORT` option opts out of all log
             | collection, and says in the name why it is collected in the
             | first place. Tailscale has support for all users, including
             | free, and having access to logs has to be how they can
             | provide free support. Having quick access to logs reduces
             | the time it takes to handle tickets, so they can help more
             | people quickly and don't need to limit support to only
             | paying users.
             | 
             | The core client code is open source, feel free to inspect
             | it yourself.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | The client may be open source. But the service is
               | obviously not.
               | 
               | Don't let that deter you from trusting whomever you
               | choose, though.
        
           | jzelinskie wrote:
           | I'd love to have someone else chime in on this because I did
           | some spelunking and am not sure if this comment is true.
           | 
           | I checked my DNS logs and saw zero attempts to resolve
           | `log.tailscale.com` having ran tailscale for many years (I
           | added it to a blocklist anyway). From their admin panel, it
           | appears "networking logging" requires paying for Premium[0],
           | so it's not being used for free users (or Personal Pro).
           | 
           | Also, from looking at some source code (because the docs
           | don't include this), I discovered you can disable logging for
           | the macOS App Store client by doing:                    echo
           | "TS_NO_LOGS_NO_SUPPORT=true" >
           | ~/Library/Containers/io.tailscale.ipn.macos.network-
           | extension/Data/tailscaled-env.txt
           | 
           | [0]: https://login.tailscale.com/admin/logs/network
        
         | zaphar wrote:
         | There are a number of features and teamsizes that they provide
         | where you have to pay money. Most company users are going to
         | end up paying them money. But also their emphasis on P2P
         | connections means their costs are quite low. It doesn't add
         | much overhead to have the smallish number of personal users out
         | there. They've talked about how having the free tier helps to
         | force them keep those costs down in useful ways.
        
         | dec0dedab0de wrote:
         | Wouldn't the FOSS alternative be to simply use wireguard?
        
           | iso1631 wrote:
           | Most posters on HN barely know what a subnet is so it's not
           | that simple
           | 
           | There's two key features
           | 
           | 1) Tunnel management
           | 
           | Tailscale will configure your p2p tunnels itself - if you
           | have 10 devices, to do that yourself you'd have to manage 90
           | tunnels. Add another device and that goes upto 100. Remove a
           | device and you have 9 other devices to update.
           | 
           | 2) Firewall punching
           | 
           | They provide an orchestration system which allows two devices
           | both behind a nat or stateful firewall to communicate with
           | each other without having to open holes in the firewall
           | (because most firewalls will allow "established" connections
           | - including measuring established UDP as "packet went from
           | ipa:porta to ipb:portb 'outbound', thus until a timeout
           | period any traffic from ipb:portb to ipa:porta will be let
           | through (and natted as appropriate)".
           | 
           | The orchestration sends traffic from ipa to ipb and ipb to
           | ipa on known ports at the same time so both firewalls think
           | the traffic is established. For nats which do source-port
           | scrambling it uses the birthday paradox to get a matching
           | stream.
           | 
           | I believe you can run a similar headend using "headscale"
           | yourself.
        
           | NoiseBert69 wrote:
           | Yes and no. It's much manual work to get WG to behave like
           | Tailscale.
        
           | newsoftheday wrote:
           | I do, I use a VPS (at OCI free) to host Wireguard. My home
           | systems (running my production web sites and email) are on my
           | VPN and mine and my wife's phones. I hand configured it all
           | but it wasn't difficult for me.
        
         | Suffocate5100 wrote:
         | Nebula is what we use. It's definitely not as convenient, but
         | it's 100% self-ownable.
        
         | allthetime wrote:
         | Facilitating peer to peer connections is cheap.
         | 
         | Just like cloudflare, a healthy free offering makes lots of
         | happy/loyal users. Some of those users have business needs /
         | use for the paid features and support.
        
         | allthetime wrote:
         | Facilitating peer to peer connections is cheap.
         | 
         | Just like cloudflare, a healthy free offering makes lots of
         | happy/loyal developer users. Some of those users have business
         | needs / use for the paid features and support and will convince
         | their managers to buy in.
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | I pay $5 a month, and my company has a license for every
         | employee.
        
         | fdefitte wrote:
         | If you're worried about a rug pull, you should be. Not because
         | Tailscale is shady, but because that's just how VC-funded
         | infrastructure works. The free tier exists to build lock-in,
         | not out of generosity. Headscale exists but honestly it's a
         | pain to run compared to just paying Tailscale $18/user. The
         | real answer is: if it's critical infrastructure, you should be
         | running Wireguard directly and owning the coordination layer
         | yourself. Everything else is renting convenience.
        
           | batrat wrote:
           | It happened to others but there are also some very good
           | examples like Veeam community edition which, IMO, is the best
           | backup software. They had lots of discussions and even
           | pressure from management to terminated, but the numbers made
           | a lot of sense and they kept it. Tailscale is in disadvantage
           | here because they are in a very crowded market and it will be
           | very easy to slip into one corner and let way for others like
           | netbird, netmaker, nebula(?), wireguard (like u said), etc.
        
       | itissid wrote:
       | I have my homenas set up with Node Proxy Manager container
       | forwarding requests to different docker machines:ports e.g. I
       | have some TTS/STT/LLM services locally hosted. To increase
       | bandwidth to internet facing nodes, would you use this or some
       | other simpler solution?
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | Is it a typo and it's the Nginx Proxy Manager?
        
           | mikepurvis wrote:
           | I assume so; I use the same thing with my Unraid box and then
           | create the DNS entries in the unifi panel so I get
           | jellyfin.lan, minecraft.lan, etc inside the house.
        
           | itissid wrote:
           | Oh yeah Nginx* not Node.
        
       | jahrichie wrote:
       | Are you guys using this for OpenClaw or what?
        
         | nsbk wrote:
         | One of the many use cases, but basically yes. Other use cases:
         | Home automation, remote backups, media servers, photo
         | libraries, AI assistants... you name it!
        
         | josefresco wrote:
         | I use it only as a Personal VPN - works great!
        
         | dwedge wrote:
         | It's a vpn from the original definition before vpn meant a
         | proxy to get around geoblocks. I use tailscale for my home
         | servers, my routers, for servers I have in other houses all
         | behind NAT. I have half a dozen raspberry pi print servers in
         | two warehouses also behind NAT and they can connect to each
         | other and I can connect to them from CGNAT
        
       | aborsy wrote:
       | Is peer relay essentially a custom relay which was previously
       | available, except now it's one command?
       | 
       | So it runs a STUN server or similar, for discovery and relaying.
        
         | kabirx wrote:
         | Peer relays are a bit different from our previously available
         | Custom DERP servers. While the custom DERPs do relay traffic,
         | they also require a bunch of configuration and management for
         | their other jobs and they open up availability concerns that
         | are pretty tough for our average customer.
         | 
         | Conversely Peer Relays are built on top of the shoulders of
         | DERP. For example, they don't need to do peer discovery set
         | connections up end to end - instead connections are brokered
         | via our DERP fleet and then in a sense "upgraded" to an
         | available Peer Relay or Direct connection. Because of that
         | they're super lightweight and much easier to deploy + manage.
         | And, they scale horizontally so you can deploy many peer relays
         | across your network, and they're resilient to downtime (we'll
         | just fall back to DERP).
        
           | shj2105 wrote:
           | I'm so confused. What is the difference between a peer relay
           | and a DERP server that is self hosted?
           | 
           | The issue I have is I'm trying to connect two devices where
           | one is behind a CGNAT that always causes the connection to be
           | relayed even though the other one is not behind a cgnat with
           | proper port forwarding. Would a peer relay solve this but is
           | it like a DERp where I have to host it on a VPS separate from
           | my existing two networks or is this something different where
           | I can host the peer relay on the network not behind a CGNAT
           | and somehow it will link the two networks through it?
        
             | kabirx wrote:
             | You should be able to stand up a peer relay on an existing
             | tailscale device - so your proposal is correct! Try setting
             | one of the devices up as a peer relay per the docs here:
             | https://tailscale.com/docs/features/peer-relay
        
       | himata4113 wrote:
       | I never brought my self to use tailscale because it has a login
       | screen and I absolutely despise that even as a concept for a
       | private NAT. I know headscale exists, but it doesn't seem to even
       | support the features I really want.
        
         | earthscienceman wrote:
         | I can't believe this isn't a show stopper for more people here.
         | I literally couldn't figure out how use it the first time tried
         | because I didn't know how to comprehend that it was trying to
         | get me to auth via browser window. I kept digging around for a
         | tailscale.conf.
         | 
         | Which is then when I realized it was less a piece of software
         | and more so an auth management provider with some vaguely
         | helpful auxillary services.
        
       | yuvadam wrote:
       | Tailscale simp here, been using this feature since it launched in
       | beta, can't believe it didn't exist earlier.
       | 
       | This solved every last remaining problem of my CGNAT'd devices
       | having to hop through STUN servers (with the QoS being
       | noticable), now they just route through my own nodes.
        
         | hashstring wrote:
         | Why does STUN impact your QoS? I thought STUN was just for
         | discovering your own external IP/port.
        
       | kittbuilds wrote:
       | The peer relay approach is interesting because it essentially
       | turns every node in your tailnet into a potential relay for other
       | nodes. This is a meaningful architectural shift from relying on
       | Tailscale's centralized DERP servers.
       | 
       | For anyone worried about the "rug pull" concern raised in another
       | comment -- this actually makes me more optimistic, not less. By
       | distributing relay infrastructure to the edges, Tailscale is
       | reducing its own operational cost per user while improving
       | performance. That's the kind of flywheel that makes a generous
       | free tier more sustainable, not less. Each new node potentially
       | helps the whole network.
        
       | drnick1 wrote:
       | It's a bit disingenuous to present solutions like Tailscale as
       | more secure than opening a VPN port on one's on machine. The
       | latter solution should always be preferred when available just
       | because you don't want your infrastructure to depend on a "free"
       | service which might cease to be free tomorrow.
        
         | nickburns wrote:
         | Things are _much_ more unscrupulous than potentially ceasing to
         | be free tomorrow. Nobody who values their privacy would ever
         | route their network traffic through a  'free' service.
        
           | jon_adler wrote:
           | Isn't there separation of the control and data planes? I
           | don't think Tailscale get to see any of your network traffic.
        
             | nickburns wrote:
             | They need to know how/where to route your outbound traffic.
             | That inherently includes plaintext DNS, TLS handshakes, and
             | otherwise plaintext traffic (like HTTP for example).
             | 
             | Anybody wanting to see what Tailscale is able to see can
             | simply sniff any router interface passing outbound traffic
             | before it enters the WireGuard tunnel interface.
        
         | drannex wrote:
         | This is a more all-included and resilient system, especially
         | for logging, than just opening a VPN port. I do a lot of
         | corporate installs, and if we had a system like Tailscale then
         | I would be in heaven. The amount of user-created systems are
         | heinous in regards to security, and hard to setup and keep
         | running. Tailscale lets you setup quickly, and reliably with
         | minimal errors OOTB.
         | 
         | If you feel that tailscale will fold, or the free plan will be
         | future limited, then you can drop in headscale which is a near
         | 1:1 API open source tailscale central server.
         | 
         | If you _always_ want to be open source and not rely on API
         | changes or staying up to green on the headscale development
         | (made by a third party), then you can set up netbird, which is
         | both hosted (for free) as an alternative to Tailscale more
         | tailored for developers, but they also open-sourced their
         | entire stack, so you can always leave and use that on your own
         | servers.
        
       | adithyassekhar wrote:
       | I wish I could read this but got this[0] guy on mobile with no
       | close button, won't close when you click outside the modal.
       | 
       | 0:
       | https://i.postimg.cc/14h3Q9mD/Screenshot-20260219-001356-Chr...
       | 
       | Edit: Nvm, found it. Weird place to put it.
        
         | yardstick wrote:
         | I see a white X in a blue box to the lower right of the modal.
         | Is it that?
        
           | adithyassekhar wrote:
           | That was it, ok now I feel stupid.
        
             | a_wild_dandan wrote:
             | You're not stupid. That's terrible UX. The button is
             | completely disconnected from its modal, and is placed in a
             | bizarre/nonstandard location.
        
               | ChrisClark wrote:
               | It's placed like one of those chat services on sites.
               | Which we've been trained to ignore.
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | Sounds like a bug in their css layout related to the
               | smaller screen size
        
             | drannex wrote:
             | Oh man, I even read all the comments and _still_ couldn 't
             | find it when I finally clicked on the image link. Terrible
             | UX.
             | 
             | cc: @apenwarr (tailscale founder), might want to have
             | someone fix this and move the close button to the top right
             | of the modal, not the bottom right.
        
       | shj2105 wrote:
       | I'm so confused. What is the difference between a peer relay and
       | a DERP server that is self hosted?
        
         | allthetime wrote:
         | Talking out my ass, but as with all things Tailscale, not much,
         | aside from easier to use / less manual setup.
         | 
         | Nothing they do was impossible before, but their big win is
         | making world wide private networking easy and accessible.
         | 
         | I've been on-boarding my friends who have their own local media
         | servers setup so we can all share/stream content from each
         | other.
        
         | apenwarr wrote:
         | (Tailscale founder here) Two main differences: first, every
         | DERP server used by your tailnet must be accessible by every
         | node on your tailnet at all times, otherwise you get hard-to-
         | debug netsplits. That's a very high bar to maintain so we've
         | historically recommended you don't try. In contrast, peer
         | relays are "if a given pair of nodes can connect through any of
         | the relays, go for it" so deploying one is always a performance
         | and reliability improvement.
         | 
         | Secondly, peer relays support UDP while DERP is TCP-only. That
         | would be fixable by simply improving the DERP protocol, but as
         | we explored that option, we decided to implement the Peer Relay
         | layer instead as a more complete solution.
        
           | shj2105 wrote:
           | Hmm got it not sure I entirely understand. The issue I have
           | is I'm trying to connect two devices where one is behind a
           | hard CGNAT that always causes the connection to be relayed
           | even though the other one is not behind a cgnat with proper
           | port forwarding. Would a peer relay solve this but is it like
           | a DERP where I have to host it on a VPS separate from my
           | existing two networks or is this something different where I
           | can host the peer relay on the same network not behind a
           | CGNAT and somehow it will link the two networks through it?
        
           | kwakubiney wrote:
           | > every DERP server used by your tailnet must be accessible
           | by every node on your tailnet at all times, otherwise you get
           | hard-to-debug netsplits.
           | 
           | What would allow a given pair of nodes access a peer relay?
           | Isn't the peer relay by default also accessible by every node
           | on the tailnet since it's in the tailnet as well?
        
           | xeonmc wrote:
           | What happens if your peer relay device is behind
           | CGNAT/SymNat?
           | 
           | Also, offtopic question: is Tailscale named after the idea of
           | UDP packets "tailgating" a connection?
        
       | alberto_delrio wrote:
       | Tried the other day, honestly so far surprised by the good
       | results!
        
       | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
       | If you're sold on Tailscale due to them "being open" (as they
       | semi-officially support the development of Headscale), keep in
       | mind, that at the same time some of their clients are closed
       | source and proprietary, and thus totally controlled by them and
       | the official distribution channels, like Apple. Some of the
       | arguments given for this stance are just ridiculous:
       | 
       | > If users are comfortable running non-open operating systems or
       | employers are comfortable with their employees running non-open
       | operating systems, they should likewise be comfortable with
       | Tailscale not being open on those platforms.
       | 
       | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/13717
       | 
       | A solution like this can't really be relied in situations of
       | limited connectivity and availability, even if technically it
       | beats most of the competition. Don't ever forget it's just a
       | business. Support free alternatives if you can, even if they
       | underperform by some measures.
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | I switched to Netbird because of this.
        
         | 8cvor6j844qw_d6 wrote:
         | Went with ZeroTier and Netbird, they're not too bad.
        
           | drcongo wrote:
           | I keep hoping to switch to Netbird, but run into the same
           | issue every time for the last couple of years I've been
           | trying it - peers randomly drop of the network. There's a
           | longish standing open issue on their GitHub.
        
           | wolvoleo wrote:
           | Zerotier is a lot harder to self-host than tailscale
        
         | uneekname wrote:
         | I've been relatively happy with Headscale, but now that I have
         | MacOS/iOS users I'm in the process of testing alternatives like
         | Netbird. I was also surprised that the Tailscale Kubernetes
         | operator is not compatible with Headscale.
        
         | dblohm7 wrote:
         | (Tailscalar here) To be clear: it's only the GUIs that are
         | closed source on selected platforms.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Does that include android?
        
             | jbott wrote:
             | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale-android
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Nice, thanks.
        
               | Lammy wrote:
               | Being open source means very little when they won't merge
               | PRs, like this one to support disabling streaming one's
               | network behavior to ` log.tailscale.com`:
               | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale-android/pull/695
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Let's stop moving the goalposts. Open source has a
               | specific definition, and "they merge whatever code I want
               | them to" isn't part of it. Just fork the client, compile
               | it, and run it yourself.
        
               | Lammy wrote:
               | "Just" lmfao
               | 
               | Versus any mildly-technical user being able to stumble
               | into the option and discover they're being spied on in
               | the first place.
        
               | drcongo wrote:
               | Open source = I should be able to fork it, change it, and
               | use it
               | 
               | Open source = The maintainers should build exactly what I
               | hysterically scream at them
               | 
               | If I had to choose one definition of open source from
               | these two options, it's going to option 1 I'm afraid.
        
           | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
           | can you say more about this. I've been considering adding
           | tailscale to some products but if my (nerd) perspective is to
           | survive corporate realism I need more than a 1-liner to
           | justify. seriously curious. Also how would I pitch it to a EU
           | based crowd that wants increasingly less to do with US based
           | tech?
        
           | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
           | I stand corrected.
           | 
           | Although, the problem is not so single-layered. Do I
           | understand the situation correctly, in case of iOS, to not be
           | subject to additional limitations of the platform that
           | restricts the distribution of your products to the extents
           | that the laws of the countries where your business is
           | registered require, all the user has to do is to fork the
           | main repo (which is, thankfully, BSD), build a minimally
           | acceptable GUI, pass Apple certification, publish the app in
           | the app store, and Bob's your uncle?
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | "Support free alternatives if you can, even if they
         | underperform by some measure."
         | 
         | I value _control_ more than I do performance
         | 
         | Better performance is, IMHO, not a reason to sacrifice
         | _control_, but that's just me
         | 
         | If users have control, i.e., can compile from source, then in
         | theory performance improvement is possible through DIY or work
         | of others. However performance is not always the only important
         | issue. Today's commercial software tends to be rushed, lower
         | quality, bloated. Releasing work-in-progress software that
         | requires constant remotely-installed "updates" in place of a
         | thoroughly-tested final product is a norm
         | 
         | Without control, if performance, _or anything else about the
         | software_, is unsatisfactory, then there is nothing users can
         | do
        
           | Forgeties79 wrote:
           | Basically a lot of current software teams operate like many
           | modern video game companies. Ship the broken thing, (maybe)
           | repair/improve it as people suffer through the experience.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Turns out people see value in imperfect experiences.
        
         | zarzavat wrote:
         | Seems like an odd thing to be concerned about. Most of the apps
         | on my Mac are closed source, that little Tailscale menu bar
         | item is really insignificant. You can always control it through
         | the command line if you're really bothered by it. I'm pretty
         | sure tailscale is on brew.
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | That justification honestly doesn't sound that ridiculous to
         | me, especially if the closed-source stuff is mostly just
         | platform-specific GUI and integration code. Is there even a
         | practical mechanism to open source an iOS app and then letting
         | users verify that the version they're downloading from the App
         | Store is exactly the same version that is open sourced?
        
         | j-krieger wrote:
         | The entire idea is that they make money. Limited licenses are
         | ignored incredibly often.
        
         | varenc wrote:
         | The CLI version of the Tailscale client on macOS can be
         | compiled from source and installed without the app store:
         | go install tailscale.com/cmd/tailscale{,d}@latest
         | 
         | https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/wiki/Tailscaled-on-ma...
         | 
         | So fully available in situations with limited connectivity. The
         | GUI version of the client is closed source though, and it's
         | available as a package or from the app store.
        
         | pmarreck wrote:
         | I don't understand this attitude. Some humans have to eat and
         | put a roof over their heads sometimes, and extracting
         | consulting fees from open-source work (i.e. the Redhat model)
         | is not always a paying business model. A hybrid model is often
         | the best way to compromise.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I'm pursuing a similar solution on an app I'm
         | working on. The CLI will be free and open-source (and will have
         | feature parity with the GUI), but charging money for the GUI
         | will also help support that development (and put my son through
         | school etc.)
         | 
         | And by "feature parity", I really mean it- The GUI will be
         | translated into 22 languages... and so will the CLI. ;) (Claude
         | initially argued against this feature. I made my arguments for
         | it. It: "You make a compelling argument. Let's do it." LOL)
         | 
         | The lowest level of it is already available and fully open-
         | source: https://github.com/pmarreck/validate
         | 
         | I'm building something on top of that which will have a nice
         | GUI, do some other data integrity stuff, and also have a CLI.
         | And will be for sale in the Mac and Windows app stores.
        
           | wolvoleo wrote:
           | Personally, I understand people need to make money but this
           | tends to be a death spiral (enshittification). So I tend to
           | go for solutions without those incentives at all.
           | 
           | I wonder why you jumped into the mesh vpn market, it's so
           | saturated. Theres literally hundreds of solutions out there
           | (niche ones included for the mainstream ones it's probably 10
           | or so), many non profit options included. Is there really a
           | niche you can offer that the others don't?
        
       | jak6jak wrote:
       | I looked into tailscale in the past as a way to host a game
       | server such as minecraft on my local machine publicly without
       | port forwarding . It seems that tailscale is mostly configured
       | only to work with people you know and trust. I was hoping that
       | Peer Relays would help alleviate some restrictions with tailwind
       | funnel. Does anyone know any alternatives?
        
         | Computer0 wrote:
         | if you have a cheap vps you can use it to forward the traffic
         | to for some benefit, that is what i have been doing when i need
         | compute accessible online and don't want to pay for cloud.
        
       | bityard wrote:
       | I wonder if someone might indulge me by answering a question or
       | two about Tailscale. I have a self-managed wireguard network
       | which works, but probably isn't very smart or elegant.
       | 
       | From what I can gather, Tailscale does a lot of "magic" things to
       | accomplish its goals, and some of them actually have "magic"
       | right in the name. As a system administrator by trade, I have
       | been bitten SO MANY TIMES by things that try to automagically
       | mess with DNS resolution, routing tables, firewall rules, etc in
       | the name of user-friendliness. (Often, things that even ship with
       | the OS itself.)
       | 
       | Are there any documentation or articles detailing exactly what
       | it's doing under the hood? I found
       | https://tailscale.com/docs/concepts but it doesn't really cover
       | everything.
       | 
       | If I have a virtualization host with, let's call it a "very
       | custom" networking configuration, how likely is it to interfere
       | with things? Is it polite and smart about working around fancy
       | networking setups, or does it really only handle the common cases
       | (one networking interface, a default route, public nameserver)
       | elegantly?
        
         | Computer0 wrote:
         | Headscale is an open source alternative, I haven't read the
         | code but it might be a good place to start:
         | https://github.com/juanfont/headscale
        
         | patmorgan23 wrote:
         | I believe the client is open source and there's a reverse
         | engineered server (that some tail scale employees contribute
         | to)
        
       | marcosscriven wrote:
       | I really like Tailscale. Recently though I've been having some
       | hard-to-diagnose slowdowns even on a direct (non DERP)
       | connection. I'm not sure if it's something to do with MTUs or my
       | ISP.
        
       | solarisos wrote:
       | The shift from managed DERP to decentralized Peer Relays is a
       | massive win for self-hosters with difficult NAT situations. I'm
       | curious if this significantly reduces Tailscale's own egress
       | costs or if the primary goal was just improving latency for users
       | who can't establish a direct WireGuard tunnel. Either way,
       | removing the 'hassle' of setting up a custom DERP server is a
       | great UX improvement.
        
         | alexktz wrote:
         | Alex from Tailscale here... We're users just like you, and we
         | felt this pain point ourselves. The good news is that Peer
         | Relays were able to build on a lot of the existing subnet
         | router and exit node plumbing, so it wasn't a huge engineering
         | lift to bring to life.
         | 
         | We also have plenty of customers running in restrictive NAT
         | environments (AWS being a common example), where direct
         | WireGuard tunnels just aren't always possible. In those cases,
         | something like Peer Relays is essential for Tailscale to
         | perform the way larger deployments expect.
         | 
         | So yes, it improves latency and UX for self-hosters, but it
         | also helps us support more complex production environments
         | without requiring folks to run and manage custom DERP
         | infrastructure.
        
       | timwis wrote:
       | I'm having a hard time understanding how this is different from a
       | bastion server, where you're tunneling through an intermediary
       | server that you've deployed in the target network.
       | 
       | I guess the difference is the fact that the intermediary server
       | doesn't need a port open (as standard nat punching will work)? Or
       | are there other big differences?
        
       | 1necornbuilder wrote:
       | Real-world CGNAT use case that might be relevant here: I'm
       | running an industrial AI monitoring system (computer vision on
       | live RTSP camera feeds) deployed on Google Cloud Run. The cameras
       | are behind an ISP that blocks port forwarding entirely -- a
       | common apartment/SMB situation. Tailscale solved this completely.
       | The Cloud Run container joins the tailnet, the camera's RTSP
       | server gets a 100.x.x.x address via MediaMTX, and the container
       | reads the stream over the private mesh as if everything were on
       | the same LAN. No public exposure, no ISP negotiation, no port
       | forwarding rules. The Peer Relay announcement matters for this
       | setup specifically: my Cloud Run instance spins up fresh
       | containers under load, and DERP relay fallback was occasionally
       | adding latency during the NAT traversal handshake on cold starts.
       | Peer Relays distributing that relay burden to edge nodes should
       | reduce that.
       | 
       | One question for the Tailscale folks: for ephemeral compute
       | (Cloud Run, Lambda, Fly.io), where containers may spin up/down
       | frequently, how does peer relay selection work when the relaying
       | node itself might be transient?
        
       | clarabennett26 wrote:
       | UDP support in peer relays is crucial. DERP relies solely on TCP,
       | which causes latency-sensitive applications like game streaming
       | and voice to experience head-of-line blocking along with poor
       | routing. With peer relays using UDP on your own nodes, the
       | fallback path becomes effective for real-time traffic when direct
       | WireGuard fails. Additionally, you can easily enable this feature
       | on an existing subnet router without the need to set up and
       | manage a separate DERP instance, making it much simpler to
       | operate.
        
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