[HN Gopher] AI adoption and Solow's productivity paradox
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI adoption and Solow's productivity paradox
        
       Author : virgildotcodes
       Score  : 761 points
       Date   : 2026-02-18 01:40 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (fortune.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (fortune.com)
        
       | virgildotcodes wrote:
       | https://archive.is/L70Ha
        
       | DaedalusII wrote:
       | If you include microsoft copilot trials in fortune 500s,
       | absolutely. A lot of major listed companies are still oblivious
       | to the functionality of AI, their senior management don't even
       | use it out of laziness
        
         | jeron wrote:
         | it turns out it's really hard to get a man to fish with a pole
         | when you don't teach them how to use the reel
        
           | throwawaysleep wrote:
           | Or give them a stick with twine and a plastic fork as a hook,
           | as is the case with Copilot.
        
           | Banditoz wrote:
           | If AGI is coming, won't there just be autofishers and no one
           | will ever have to fish again, completely devaluing one's
           | fishing knowledge and the effort put in to learn it?
        
             | moregrist wrote:
             | It's not a great analogy but...
             | 
             | "Autofishers" are large boats with nets that bring in fish
             | in vast quantities that you then buy at a wholesale market,
             | a supermarket a bit later, or they flash freeze and sell it
             | to you over the next 6-9 months.
             | 
             | Yet there's still a thriving industry selling fishing gear.
             | Because people like to fish. And because you can rarely buy
             | fish as fresh as what you catch yourself.
             | 
             | Again, it's not a great analogy, but I dunno. I doubt AGI,
             | if it does come, will end up working the way people think
             | it will.
        
             | tsukurimashou wrote:
             | > If AGI is coming
             | 
             | spoiler, it's not
        
           | conductr wrote:
           | In regards to copilot, they've also been led on a fishing
           | expedition to the middle of a desert
        
           | onorton wrote:
           | I'm not sure if this was the intention of the analogy, but
           | fishing poles don't have reels.
        
         | chaos_emergent wrote:
         | 100% All of the people who are floored by AI capabilities right
         | now are software engineers, and everyone who's extremely
         | skeptical basically has any other office job. On investigating
         | their primary AI interaction surface, it's Microsoft Co-Pilot,
         | which has to be the absolute shittiest implementation of any AI
         | system so far. As a progress-driven person, it's just super
         | disappointing to see how few people are benefiting from the
         | productive gains of these systems.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | This isn't my experience. I see many non-software people
           | using AI regularly. What you may be seeing is more:
           | organizations with no incentive to do things better never did
           | anything to do things better. AI is no different. They were
           | never doing things better with pencil and paper.
        
           | DaedalusII wrote:
           | I think anthropic will succeed immensely here because when
           | integrated with Microsoft365 and especially Excel it
           | basically does what co-pilot said it would do.
           | 
           | The moment of realisation happen for a lot of normoid
           | business people when they see claude make a DCF spreadsheet
           | or search emails
           | 
           | claude is also smart because it visually shows the user as it
           | resizes the columns, changes colours, etc. Seeing the
           | computer do things makes the normoid SEE the AI despite it
           | being much slower
        
             | sheeshkebab wrote:
             | No one wants a chatbot "integrated" with excel and
             | office365 crap, it's clippy 2.0 bullshit.
             | 
             | Replace excel and office stuff with ai model entirely then
             | people will pay attention.
        
               | DaedalusII wrote:
               | that only works if you can oneshot. but nobody can
               | oneshot.
               | 
               | iterating over work in excel and seeing it update
               | correctly is exactly what people want. If they get it
               | working in MSWord it will pick up even faster.
               | 
               | If the average office worker can get the benefit of AI by
               | installing an add-on into the same office software they
               | have been using since 2000 (the entire professional
               | career of anyone under the age of 45), then they will do
               | so. its also really easy to sell to companies because
               | they dont have to redesign their teams or software stack,
               | or even train people that much. the board can easily
               | agree to budget $20 a head for claude pro
               | 
               | the other thing normies like is they can put in huge
               | legacy spreadsheets and find all the errors
               | 
               | Microsoft365 has 400 million paid seats
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | > normoid
             | 
             | Do you work extra hard to be this arrogant or does it come
             | naturally?
        
             | slopinthebag wrote:
             | Hilarious lack of self awareness. Calling others "normoids"
             | yet you believe you can emphasise with them enough to
             | predict how they will adopt AI?
        
           | yodsanklai wrote:
           | I'm a SWE who's been using coding agents daily for the last 6
           | months and I'm still skeptical.
           | 
           | For my team at least, the productivity boost is difficult to
           | quantify objectively. Our products and services have still
           | tons of issues that AI isn't going to solve magically.
           | 
           | It's pretty clear that AI is allowing to move faster for some
           | tasks, but it's also detrimental for other things. We're
           | going to learn how to use these tools more efficiently, but
           | right now, I'm not convinced about the productivity gain.
        
             | david_shaw wrote:
             | _> I 'm a SWE who's been using coding agents daily for the
             | last 6 months and I'm still skeptical._
             | 
             | What improvements have you noticed over that time?
             | 
             | It seems like the models coming out in the last several
             | weeks are dramatically superior to those mid-last year.
             | Does that match your experience?
        
               | nrclark wrote:
               | Not the grandparent, but I've used most of the OpenAI
               | models that have been released in the last year. Out of
               | all of them, o3 was the best at the programming tasks I
               | do. I liked it a lot more than I like GPT 5.2
               | Thinking/Pro. Overall, I'm not at all convinced that
               | models are making forward progress in general.
        
               | yodsanklai wrote:
               | Yes, it matches my experience. Now I can throw tasks at
               | the agent and have it write a full PR, with tests, good
               | summary. Or it can review things and make good
               | suggestions that a casual reviewer or non-expert would
               | have missed. It can also take a bunch of logs as input,
               | find the issue, fix the code. I can't deny it's
               | impressive and useful.
               | 
               | What I'm still skeptical about is how much more
               | productive it makes us. In my case, coding is maybe 50%
               | of my job, and I work on complex and novel systems. The
               | agent gives me the illusion I don't need to think
               | anymore, but it's not the case. Agents slow me down in
               | many cases too, I'm not learning and improving as I used
               | to.
        
             | techpression wrote:
             | In a team of one at work I see clear benefits, but having
             | worked in many different team sizes for most of my career I
             | can see how it quickly would go down, especially if you
             | care about quality. And even with the latest models it's a
             | constant battle against legacy training data, which has
             | gotten worse over time. "I have to spend 45 minutes
             | explaining why a one minute AI generated PR is bad code"
             | was how an old colleague summarized it.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Is your backlog and/or your velocity increasing,
             | decreasing, or the same? That's really the ultimate
             | question.
        
           | dimitri-vs wrote:
           | IMO Copilot was "we need to give these people rope, but not
           | enough for them to hang themselves". A non technical person
           | with no patience and access to a real AI agent inside a
           | business is a bull in a china shop. Copilot Cowork is the
           | closest thing we have to what Copilot should have been and is
           | only possible now because models finally got good enough to
           | be _less_ supervised.
           | 
           | FWIW Gemini inside Google apps is just as bad.
        
         | bccdee wrote:
         | There's a lot of rote work in software development that's well-
         | suited to LLM automation, but I think a lot of us overestimate
         | the actual usefulness of a chatbot to the average white-collar
         | worker. What's the point of making Copilot compose an email
         | when your prompt would be longer than the email itself? You can
         | tell ChatGPT to make you a slide deck, but slide decks are
         | already super simple to make. You can use an LLM as a search
         | engine, but we already have search engines. People sometimes
         | talk about using a chatbot to brainstorm, but that seems
         | redundant when you could simply _think,_ free from the burden
         | of explaining yourself to a chatbot.
         | 
         | LLMs are impressive and flexible tools, but people expect them
         | to be transformative, and they're only transformative in narrow
         | ways. The places they shine are quite low-level: transcription,
         | translation, image recognition, search, solving clearly
         | specified problems using well-known APIs, etc. There's value in
         | these, but I'm not seeing the sort of universal accelerant that
         | some people are anticipating.
        
         | bandrami wrote:
         | That's probably true for some, but I think a lot of big orgs
         | are simply risk-averse and see AI in general as a giant risk
         | that isn't even fully baked enough to quantify yet. The
         | security and confidentiality issues alone will make Operations
         | hesitant, and Legal probably has some questions about IP (both
         | the risk of a model outputting patented or otherwise protected
         | code, and the huge legal gray area that is the copyrightability
         | of the output of an LLM).
         | 
         | Give it a year or two and let things settle down and (assuming
         | the music is still playing at that time) you might see more
         | dinosaurs start to wander this way.
        
       | tehjoker wrote:
       | There is probably a threshold effect above which the technology
       | begins to be very useful for production (other than faking school
       | assignments, one-off-scripts, spam, language translation, and
       | political propaganda), but I guess we're not there yet. I'm not
       | counting out the possibility of researchers finding a way to add
       | long term memory or stronger reasoning abilities, which would
       | change the game in a very disorienting way, but that would likely
       | mean a change of architecture or a very capable hybrid tool.
        
         | DaedalusII wrote:
         | the greatest step change will be when mainstream business
         | realise they can use AI to accurately fill in PDF documents
         | with information in any format
         | 
         | filling in pdf documents is effectively the job of millions of
         | people around the world
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | That would require accurate validation of said documents,
           | which is extremely hard now. Pointing 1 million PDF LLM
           | machine guns at current validation pipelines will not end
           | well, especially since LLMs are inherently unreliable.
        
             | coffeefirst wrote:
             | This is lost on people. A 98% accurate automation is useful
             | if you can programmatically identify the 2% of cases that
             | need human review. If you can't, and it matters, then every
             | case needs human review.
             | 
             | So you lose a lot of benefits to the time sync, but since
             | people tend to have their eye glaze over when the
             | correction rate is low, you may still miss the 2% anyway.
             | 
             | This is going to put a stop to a lot of ideas that sound
             | reasonable on paper.
        
       | bubblewand wrote:
       | My company's behind the curve, just got nudged today that I
       | should make sure my AI use numbers aren't low enough to stand out
       | or I may have a bad time. Reckon we're minimum six months from
       | "oh whoops that was a waste of money", maybe even a year. (Unless
       | the AI market very publicly crashes first)
        
         | mr_toad wrote:
         | So management basically have no clue and want you to figure out
         | how to use AI?
         | 
         | Do they also make you write your own performance review and set
         | your own objectives?
        
           | datenyan wrote:
           | > So management basically have no clue and want you to figure
           | out how to use AI?
           | 
           | This is basically the same story I have heard both my own
           | place of employment and also from a number of friends. There
           | is a "need" for AI usage, even if the value proposition is
           | undefined (or, as I would expect, non-existent) for most
           | businesses.
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | Look, to make something productive out of it: a job seeker
           | who has high level skills using LLM assistance will be _much_
           | more valuable than one without the experience. Never mind
           | your current company mangement 's policies.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | > Do they also make you write your own performance review and
           | set your own objectives?
           | 
           | Not to get off on a tangent but this has got to be a "tell"
           | for how much a company is managed by formula and how much
           | it's actually got thinking people running things. Every time
           | I've had to write my own review I fill out the form with some
           | corporatese bullshit, my supervisor approves it and adds some
           | more bullshit, it disappears into HR and I never hear
           | anything about it until it's time for the next review, and it
           | starts over again. There isn't even reference to any of my
           | "objectives" from the last review, because that review has
           | simply disappeared.
           | 
           | But I'm sure some HR exec is checking boxes for following
           | "best practices" in employee evaluation.
        
             | ileonichwiesz wrote:
             | That's exactly what we do at the Fortune 500 company where
             | I work, and it's surreal.
             | 
             | In my first year I didn't know any better, so I tried to
             | set myself some actual objectives (learn to use XYZ,
             | improve test coverage by X%, measurable stuff that would
             | actually help).
             | 
             | Fortunately my manager showed me how to do it correctly, so
             | now my goals are to "differentiate with expertise" and to
             | "empower through better solutions".
             | 
             | Every year I open up the self-review, grade myself a 5/5 on
             | these absurd, unmeasurable goals, my manager approves it,
             | and it disappears off somewhere into the layers and layers
             | of ever-higher management where nobody cares to look at it.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | Management probably also wants them to figure out how to use
           | the laptops, ide and other resources provided to them.
           | Getting a tool for your employees that you've been told is
           | important but have no idea what to do with is a perfectly
           | valid management task.
        
         | bazmattaz wrote:
         | My manager mentioned that his manager (an executive) is not
         | happy because the org we are in are not using as much tokens as
         | other orgs in the company. Pretty wild
        
           | coffeebeqn wrote:
           | Just have Claude code churn out some Harry Potter fan fiction
           | for an hour a day and you'll meet your KPI easily
        
             | hackable_sand wrote:
             | It could literally be internal marketing fan fiction on the
             | org's intent to meet KPI's with a focus on synergistic
             | evolution towards x-functional singularity between
             | department hiveminds including a footer on projected
             | outcomes for operational efficiency.
             | 
             | I think LinkedIn is in the dataset, right?
        
             | caminante wrote:
             | "You haven't hit your spell quota today, Harry. I'm putting
             | you on a Wizard Improvement Plan."
        
           | noisy_boy wrote:
           | You are in the "not-enough-AI" stage - keep increasing your
           | usage but try to keep it very gradual to avoid entering the
           | "do-more-AI-within-this-budget" stage too soon. It seems like
           | the firing would be in following stages:
           | 
           | 1. too old/expensive
           | 
           | 2. not using AI
           | 
           | 3. using AI but not productive
           | 
           | 4. productive using AI but not within AI budget
           | 
           | 5. reduce AI budget and GOTO 3
        
       | Herring wrote:
       | My compsci brain suggests large orgs are a distributed system
       | running on faulty hardware (humans) with high network latency
       | (communication). The individual people (CPUs) are plenty fast, we
       | just waste time in meetings, or waiting for approval, or a lot of
       | tasks can't be parallelized, etc. Before upgrading, you need to
       | know if you're I/O Bound vs CPU Bound.
        
         | Haven880 wrote:
         | I think both. Most organizatuons lack someone like Steve Jobs
         | to prime their product lines. Microsoft is a good example where
         | you see their products over the years are mostly meh. Then
         | meetings are pervasive and even more so in most companies due
         | to msteam convenience. But currently they faced reduced demands
         | due softer market as compare 2-3 years ago. If you observed
         | that no effect while they layoff many and revenue still hold or
         | at least no negative growth, I would surmise that AI is
         | helping. But in corporate, it only counta if directly
         | contributed sales numbers.
        
         | amrocha wrote:
         | Then where are all the amazing open source programs written by
         | individuals by themselves? Where are all the small businesses
         | supposedly assisted by AI?
        
           | Herring wrote:
           | _> 4% of GitHub public commits are being authored by Claude
           | Code right now. At the current trajectory, we believe that
           | Claude Code will be 20%+ of all daily commits by the end of
           | 2026._
           | 
           | https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/claude-code-is-the-
           | inf...
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | There's lots of slop out there, that doesn't mean it's
             | actually good or useful code.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Keep moving those goal posts.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I deliberately asked for amazing open source projects.
               | I've yet to see a single AI coded project i would use.
               | 
               | Keep licking those boots.
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | You could have easily made the same point and just not
               | included the last sentence. Guidelines an all that
        
               | entrox wrote:
               | I feel different: the last line is very important in this
               | context, since it communicates the underlying thoughts
               | and values of the poster.
               | 
               | Asking for "amazing" open source projects in this case is
               | not asking out of genuine curiosity or want for debate,
               | it is a rhetorical question asked out of frustration at
               | the general trajectory of AI and who profits off of it --
               | namely the boot-wearers.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Here are a few of mine from the past month - for all of
               | them 90%+ of the code written by Claude Code:
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-history-json
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-ast
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/showboat - 292 stars
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/datasette-showboat
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/rodney - 290 stars and 4
               | contributors who aren't me or Claude
               | 
               | - https://github.com/simonw/chartroom
               | 
               | Noting the star counts here because they are a very loose
               | indication that someone other than me has found them
               | useful.
        
               | LunaSea wrote:
               | I quickly read through the `sqlite-history-json` project
               | and it's only a few hundred lines of code and the code
               | doesn't use transactions which means that it can fail and
               | leave the state of the code and database in an
               | inconsistent state.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Being only a few hundred lines of code is a pro, not a
               | con (it's 2,800 including tests: https://tools.simonwilli
               | son.net/sloccount?repo=https%3A%2F%2... - lines counted
               | by my vibe-coded port of the classic Perl SLOCCount tool
               | to run in a browser using Perl-in-WebAssembly.)
               | 
               | It does use transactions in the form of savepoints which
               | means they can be nested:
               | https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-history-
               | json/blob/53e66b279...
               | 
               | Transactions are tested here:
               | https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-history-
               | json/blob/53e66b279...
               | 
               | I lead with sqlite-history-json because I think it's the
               | most impressive of the bunch - it solves a difficult
               | problem in an elegant way with code I would have been
               | proud to write by hand.
        
               | techpression wrote:
               | They didn't, amazing open source was asked for,
               | meaningless stats were given. Not that GitHub public
               | repositories were amazing before AI, but nothing has
               | changed since, except AI slop being a new category.
        
               | jdlshore wrote:
               | Doesn't look like goal-post moving to me. GP argued that
               | AI isn't making a difference, because if it was, we'd see
               | amazing AI-generated open source projects. (Edit: taking
               | a second look, that's not exactly what GP said, but
               | that's what I took away from it. Obviously individuals
               | create open source projects all the time.)
               | 
               | You rebutted by claiming 4% of open source contributions
               | are AI generated.
               | 
               | GP countered (somewhat indirectly) by arguing that
               | contributions don't indicate quality, and thus wasn't
               | sufficient to qualify as "amazing AI-generated open
               | source projects."
               | 
               | Personally, I agree. The presence of AI contributions is
               | not sufficient to demonstrate "amazing AI-generated open-
               | source projects." To demonstrate that, you'd need to
               | point to specific projects that were largely generated by
               | AI.
               | 
               | The only big AI-generated projects I've heard of are
               | Steve Yegge's GasTown and Beads, and by all accounts
               | those are complete slop, to the point that Beads has a
               | community dedicated to teaching people how to uninstall
               | it. (Just hearsay. I haven't looked into them myself.)
               | 
               | So at this point, I'd say the burden of proof is on you,
               | as the original goalposts have not been met.
               | 
               | Edit: Or, at least, I don't think 4% is enough to
               | demonstrate the level of productivity GP was asking for.
        
               | beart wrote:
               | It has been argued for a very long time, lines of code is
               | largely meaningless as a metric. But now that AI is
               | writing those lines... it seems to be meaningful again? I
               | continue to be optimistically skeptical.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | It's not a great ask. Who's going to quantify what is
               | 'amazing open source work'?
               | 
               | 4% for a single tool used in a particular way (many are
               | out there using AI tools in a way that doesn't make it
               | clear the code was AI authored) is an incredible amount.
               | Don't see how you can look at that and see 'not enough'.
               | 
               | The vast majority of people using these tools aren't
               | announcing it to the world. Why would they ? They use it,
               | it works and that's that.
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | So we're suddenly going back into measuring lines of code
               | as a useful metric?
               | 
               | Just because people are shitting out endless slop code
               | that they never bothered to throw a 2nd glance at doesn't
               | mean it's _good_ or that it 's leading to better projects
               | or tools, it literally just means people are pushing code
               | out haphazardly . If I made a python script that everyone
               | started using and all it did was create a repo, commit a
               | README and push it every 5 seconds we'd be seeing
               | billions of lines of code added! But none of it is useful
               | in any way.
               | 
               | Same with AI, sure we're generating endless piles of
               | code, but how much of it is actually leading to better
               | software?
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | It's not the be all end all and there are obviously
               | issues with using it alone, but it's rather silly going
               | the other extreme and pretending it isn't a major factor.
               | 
               | >If I made a python script that everyone started using
               | and all it did was create a repo, commit a README and
               | push it every 5 seconds we'd be seeing
               | 
               | 1. Well you can't do that
               | 
               | 2. Something like that won't register as Claude Code (or
               | any other AI tool) usage anyway
               | 
               | 3. Something like that won't come anywhere near 4%
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | > Well you or anyone else can't do that...
               | 
               | But that's what these tools are doing, in a large number
               | of cases? At least the end result is basically the same,
               | like that Clawdbot or whatever name they've decided to
               | try ride the coattails of guy who has 70k commits in the
               | last few months that I saw being touted as an impressive
               | feat on HN the other day. How much broken, unusable code
               | exists within those 70k commits that ultimately would've
               | had the same effect as if he had just pushed a `--allow-
               | empty` commit thousands of times?
               | 
               | Now whatever, if it's people pushing slop into their own
               | codebase that they own, more power to them, my issue
               | stems from OSS projects being inundated with endless spam
               | MR/PRs from AI hypesters. It's just making maintainer's
               | lives more difficult, and the most annoying part of it
               | all is that they have to put up with people who don't see
               | the effort disparity between them prompting their chatbot
               | to write up some broken bullshit vs the effort required
               | for maintainers to keep up with the spam. It hurts the
               | maintainers, it hurts genuine beginners who would like to
               | learn and contribute to projects, it hurts the projects
               | themselves since they have to waste what precious little
               | time and resources they already have digging through
               | crap, it hurts quite literally _everyone_ who has to deal
               | with it other than the selfish AI-using morons who just
               | take a huge dump over everyone and spouts shit like
               | "Well 4% of all code on Github is now AI-generated!" as
               | if _more of that_ is somehow a good thing.
        
               | famouswaffles wrote:
               | >But that's what these tools are doing, in a large number
               | of cases?
               | 
               | I mean No not really. I'm not sure why you think that.
               | 
               | >How much broken, unusable code exists within those 70k
               | commits that ultimately would've had the same effect as
               | if he had just pushed a `--allow-empty` commit thousands
               | of times?
               | 
               | How much stable usable code exists within those 70k
               | commits ?
               | 
               | This is pretty much exactly why I said the original
               | question was not a great ask. You have your biases. Show
               | an example and the default response for some almost like
               | a stochastic parrot is, 'Must be slop!". How do you know
               | ? Did you examine it? No, you didn't. That's just what
               | you want to believe so it must be true. It makes for a
               | very frustrating conversation.
        
               | thesmtsolver2 wrote:
               | > where are all the amazing open source programs
               | 
               | > amazing
               | 
               | Nobody moved the goal posts.
        
               | LadyCailin wrote:
               | Even if this was goalpost moving, is it really an
               | unreasonable ask to not have slop everywhere?
        
             | simiones wrote:
             | > Honestly, AI slop PRs are becoming increasingly draining
             | and demoralizing for #Godot maintainers.
             | 
             | > If you want to help, more funding so we can pay more
             | maintainers to deal with the slop (on top of everything we
             | do already) is the only viable solution I can think of
             | 
             | https://www.pcgamer.com/software/platforms/open-source-
             | game-...
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > If you want to help, more funding so we can pay more
               | maintainers to deal with the slop (on top of everything
               | we do already) is the only viable solution I can think of
               | 
               | This is _exactly_ the wrong approach! Funnel even more
               | money away from productive tasks and into AI? Madness![1]
               | 
               | The _only_ viable solution is being quick with a
               | banhammer - maybe someone should start up a spamhaus type
               | list of every github user who submitted AI slop.
               | 
               | Force them to burn these accounts on the very first spam.
               | 
               | ------------
               | 
               | [1] Imagine if we chose this approach to deal with spam -
               | we ask people for more money to hire a warm body to
               | individually verify each email. Do you think spam would
               | be the solved problem it is today?
        
           | com2kid wrote:
           | Seemingly every day on Show HN?
           | 
           | Also small businesses aren't going to publish blog posts
           | saying "we saved $500 on graphic design this week!"
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | Is saving 500$ by generating some shitty AI art the bar? I
             | thought this supposed to replace entire departments
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Someone asked "where are all the small businesses", this
               | was a reply to that. Small businesses don't have entire
               | art departments.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Gotcha, so the impact of AI is small businesses get to
               | save a couple hundred dollars and the cost is only 2% of
               | your countries GDP. That's good.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | Prior to industrialization if you wanted to paint
               | something you had to know how to mix your own paints.
               | 
               | And make your own brushes.
               | 
               | Before the printing presses came along, putting up flyers
               | was not even imaginable.
               | 
               | Signs for businesses used to hand carved.
               | 
               | Then printed. A store sign was still produced by a team
               | of professionals, but small businesses coils reasonably
               | afford to print a sign. Not often updated, but it
               | existed.
               | 
               | Then desktop publishing took off. Now lone graphic
               | designers could design and send work off to a print shop.
               | Small businesses could now afford regularly updated
               | menus, signage, and even adverts and flyers.
               | 
               | Now small businesses can make their own creatives. AI can
               | change stylesheets, write ad copy, and generate
               | promotional photos.
               | 
               | Does any of this have the artistry of hand carved signs
               | from 600 years ago? Of course not.
               | 
               | But the point is technology gives individuals control.
        
               | habinero wrote:
               | None of this is even slightly correct lol
               | 
               | People have been painting with red and yellow ochre and
               | soot for at least 50K years for sure, and probably
               | several hundred thousand years in truth. You don't need a
               | brush, you have fingers or a twig.
               | 
               | The walls on the streets of Pompeii are full of
               | advertising -- they had an election going on and people
               | just scribbled slogans and such on walls. You don't need
               | flyers lol.
               | 
               | The idea that signs or advertising was "artistry" is
               | deeply ahistorical. The reason old stuff looks real fancy
               | is because labor was extremely cheap and materials were
               | expensive.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > People have been painting with red and yellow ochre and
               | soot for at least 50K years for sure,
               | 
               | Compare those to the pigments used (mixed up!) by
               | professional painters, and then to what printers could
               | make.
               | 
               | If you wanted to paint fine art in the 1400s you were
               | possibly making your own canvases, your own paint
               | brushes, and your own paints.
               | 
               | And on top of that you had to be a skilled painter!
               | 
               | > The walls on the streets of Pompeii are full of
               | advertising -- they had an election going on and people
               | just scribbled slogans and such on walls. You don't need
               | flyers lol.
               | 
               | The American revolution included a lot of propaganda
               | courtesy of printing presses and some very rich financers
               | who had a vested interest in a revolution occuring.
               | 
               | Pamphlets everywhere. It is one thing to scribble on a
               | wall, it is another to produce messages at a mass scale.
               | 
               | That sense of scale has been multiplied yet again by AI.
        
               | AstroBen wrote:
               | Couple hundred dollars
               | 
               | ..a month
               | 
               | ..multiplied by how many small businesses globally?
        
               | altmanaltman wrote:
               | No, that's just the impact that you're not going to hear
               | in the news ("Small business saves a couple of hundred
               | dollars" is not a good headline). But that's not the only
               | "impact of AI". The bigger impacts are reflected in the
               | news and the stock market almost on a daily basis over
               | the last two years.
        
             | hackable_sand wrote:
             | But they could have saved that $500 by paying... a human
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | operationally, i think new startups have a big advantage on
         | setting up to be agent-first, and they might not be as good as
         | the old human first stuff, but theyll be much cheaper and
         | nimble for model improvements
        
           | kamaal wrote:
           | Start ups mostly move fast skipping the necessary ceremony
           | which large corps have to do mandatorily to prevent a billion
           | dollar product from melting. Its possible for start ups
           | because they don't have a billion dollar to start with.
           | 
           | Once you do have a billion dollar product protecting it
           | requires spending time, money and people to keep running.
           | Because building a new one is a lot more effort than
           | protecting existing one from melting.
        
             | etothepii wrote:
             | This.
             | 
             | Once you have revenue you have downside to protect. Pre-
             | revenue the worst that can happen is that you have to start
             | again knowing more than you did.
        
         | kjellsbells wrote:
         | Maybe experienced people are the L2 cache? And the challenge is
         | to keep the cache fresh and not too deep. You want
         | institutional memory available quickly (cache hit) to help with
         | whatever your CPU people need at that instant. If you don't
         | have a cache, you can still solve the problem, but oof, is it
         | gonna take you a long time. OTOH, if you get bad data in the
         | cache, that is not good, as everyone is going be picking that
         | out of the cache instead of really figuring out what to do.
        
           | canyp wrote:
           | L2? I'm hot L1 material, dude.
           | 
           | But I like your and OP's analogy. Also, the productivity
           | claims are coming from the guys in main memory or even disk,
           | far removed from where the crunching is taking place. At
           | those latency magnitudes, even riding a turtle would appear
           | like a huge productivity gain.
        
         | MrDarcy wrote:
         | Interesting analogy to explore a Distributed System as compared
         | to Organizational Dynamics.
        
         | al_borland wrote:
         | When my company first started pushing for devs to use AI, the
         | most senior guy on my team was pretty vocal about coding not
         | being the bottleneck that slowed down work. It was an I/O
         | issue, and maybe a caching issue as well from too many projects
         | going at the same time with no focus... which also makes the
         | I/O issues worse.
        
           | noosphr wrote:
           | Ironically using Ai on records of meetings across an org is
           | amazing. If you can find out what everyone is talking about
           | you can talk to them.
           | 
           | Privacy is non existent, every word said and message sent at
           | the office is recorded but the benefits we saw were amazing.
        
             | beAbU wrote:
             | Yep. Previous org I was at had the fancy copilot integrated
             | into teams. All meetings were auto transcribed and you
             | could chat with copilot about the meeting directly in the
             | chat. It was absolutely magical at extracting action
             | points, decisions and other salient points. It was like
             | having a secretary for each and every meeting.
        
           | koiueo wrote:
           | So how is it going for him? Was he able to prove his point?
        
             | al_borland wrote:
             | He was laid off... unrelated to these opinions.
             | 
             | He was correct though. For example, I've been waiting over
             | a month for another team to set me up so I can test
             | something they wanted me to develop. I've followed up
             | multiple times. AI coding tools aren't going to solve my
             | blocker.
        
         | notepad0x90 wrote:
         | In my opinion, you're very wrong. There is typically lots of
         | good communication -- one way. The stuff that doesn't get
         | communicated down to worker bees is intentional. "CPUs" aren't
         | all that fast either, unless you make them by providing
         | incentives. if you're a well paid worker who likes their job, i
         | can see why you would think that, but most people aren't that.
         | 
         | Meetings are work, as much as IPC and network calls are work.
         | Just because they're not fun, or what you like to do, it
         | doesn't mean they're any less of a work.
         | 
         | I think you're analyzing things from a tactical perspective,
         | without considering strategic considerations. For example, have
         | you considered that it might not be desirable for CPUs to be
         | just fast, or fast at all? is CISC faster than RISC? different
         | architectural considerations based on different strategic goals
         | right?
         | 
         | If you're an order picker at an amazon warehouse, raw speed is
         | important. being able to execute a simpler and more fixed set
         | of instructions (RISC), and at greater speed is more desirable.
         | if you're an IT worker, less so. IT is generally a cost-center,
         | except for companies that sell IT services or software. if
         | you're in a cost center, then you exist for non-profit-related
         | strategic reasons, such as to help the rest of the company work
         | efficiently, be resilient, compete, be secure. Some people
         | exist in case they're needed some day, others are needed
         | critically but not frequently, yet others are needed frequently
         | but not critically. being able to execute complex and critical
         | tasks reliably and in short order is more desirable for some
         | workers. Being fast in a human context also means being easily
         | bored, or it could mean lots of bullshit work needs to be
         | invented to keep the person busy and happy.
         | 
         | I'd suggest taking that compsci approach but considering not
         | just the varying tasks and workloads, but also the diversity of
         | goals and user cases of users (decision makers/managers in
         | companies). There are deeper topics with regards or strategy
         | and decision making surrounding the state machines of
         | incentives and punishments, and decision maker organization
         | (hierarchical, flat, hub-and-spoke,full-mesh,etc..).
        
           | zelphirkalt wrote:
           | Meetings can be work, but often they are a waste of time.
           | Often they are only done, because the company has not found a
           | better way to structure itself, which is also accepted by the
           | management lawyer, who often has a profound fear of loss of
           | control and likes to micromanage. If you can zone out for
           | most of the meeting, and not experience negative effects from
           | that, then the meeting was a waste of your time.
        
             | notepad0x90 wrote:
             | it's not a waste of your time if you're getting paid for
             | it, that's why you are there. You're not there to be
             | otherwise "productive" you're there to do what the company
             | wants you to do. you might say they're inefficient, but are
             | things like company outings efficient? b.s. townhall calls?
             | half the time it's just managers trying to hear their own
             | voice in front of everyone. You're not there to write code
             | or fix things, you're there to make those pay-check signers
             | happy. placate to their ego if that's what they want.
             | 
             | That said, often, meetings are much more efficient means of
             | syncing information than slack/chat or emails. call it
             | "real-time active communication with rich context" if it
             | sounds more technical. you can communicate in voice tones,
             | body language, timing,etc.. what you can't using other
             | means. and communicate doesn't mean just talk or listen for
             | the sake of it, it can me brainstorm, understand
             | requirements and expectations better, prevent
             | misunderstandings and other wasted effort.
             | 
             | In my experience, things that exist as patterns like this
             | in systems are always important, but it's also important to
             | use them as intended, and not abuse them excessively.
             | 
             | Simply extracting the most value out of individual
             | contributors isn't typically the goal of white collar
             | management. as in my earlier example, you won't see order
             | pickers at amazon warehouses attend meetings all day. their
             | time at work is valued differently than a white collar
             | workers'.
        
         | hackable_sand wrote:
         | None of this fits
        
         | TimByte wrote:
         | In some cases it might even make the mismatch worse. If one
         | person can produce drafts, specs, or code much faster, you just
         | create more work for reviewers, approvers, and downstream
         | dependencies, which increases queueing
        
       | sebmellen wrote:
       | The thing with a lot of white collar work is that the
       | thinking/talking is often the majority of the work... unlike
       | coding, where thinking is (or, used to be, pre-agent) a smaller
       | percentage of the time consumed. Writing the software, which is
       | essentially working through how to implement the thought, used to
       | take a much larger percentage of the overall time consumed from
       | thought to completion.
       | 
       | Other white collar business/bullshit job (ala Graeber) work is
       | meeting with people, "aligning expectations", getting consensus,
       | making slides/decks to communicate those thoughts, thinking about
       | market positioning, etc.
       | 
       | Maybe tools like Cowork can help to find files, identify tickets,
       | pull in information, write Excel formulas, etc.
       | 
       | What's different about coding is no one actually cares about code
       | as output from a business standpoint. The code is the end
       | destination for decided business processes. I think, for that
       | reason, that code is uniquely well adapted to LLM takeover.
       | 
       | But I'm not so sure about other white-collar jobs. If anything,
       | AI tooling just makes everyone move faster. But an LLM automating
       | a new feature release and drafting a press release and hopping on
       | a sales call to sell the product is (IMO) further off than
       | turning a detailed prompt into a fully functional codebase
       | autonomously.
        
         | DaedalusII wrote:
         | when the work involves navigating a bunch of rules with very
         | ambiguous syntax, AI will automate them to the point computers
         | automated rules based systems with very precise syntax in the
         | 1990s
         | 
         | https://hazel.ai/tax-planning
         | 
         | this software (which i am not related to or promoting) is
         | better at investment planning and tax planning than over 90% of
         | RIAs in the US. It will automate RIA to the point that trading
         | software automated stock broking. This will reduce the average
         | RIA fee from 1% per year to 0.20% or even 0.10% per year just
         | like mutual fund fees dropped in the early 00s
        
           | arctic-true wrote:
           | You could have beaten the returns of most financial
           | professionals over the last several years by just parking
           | your money in the S&P 500, and yet plenty of people are still
           | making a lucrative career out of underperforming it. In some
           | fields, "being better and cheaper" does not always spell
           | victory.
        
             | DaedalusII wrote:
             | you are right on beating money managers. when I said
             | investment planning, I meant planning the size and tax
             | structures for investments. this software automates all of
             | the technical work that goes on inside financial planning
             | firms, which is done by tens of thousands of white collar
             | professionals in US/UK/EU, et c. it will then lead to price
             | competitiveness.
             | 
             | more expensive silly companies will exist, but the cheap
             | ones get the scale. SP500 index funds have over 1 trillion
             | in the top 3 providers. cathy wood has like 6-7 billion.
             | 
             | BNYMellon is the custodian of $50 trillion of investment
             | assets. robinhood has $324bn.
             | 
             | silly companies get the headlines though
        
         | lich_king wrote:
         | > making slides/decks to communicate those thoughts,
         | 
         | That use case is definitely delegated to LLMs by many people.
         | That said, I don't think it translates into linear productivity
         | gains. Most white collar work isn't so fast-paced that if you
         | save an hour making slides, you're going to reap some big
         | productivity benefit. What are you going to do, make five more
         | decks about the same thing? Respond to every email twice? Or
         | just pat yourself on the back and browse Reddit for a while?
         | 
         | It doesn't help that these LLM-generated slides probably
         | contain inaccuracies or other weirdness that someone else will
         | need to fix down the line, so your gains are another person's
         | loss.
        
           | sebmellen wrote:
           | Yeah, but this is self-correcting. Eventually it will get to
           | a point where the data that you use to prompt the LLM will
           | have more signal than the LLM output.
           | 
           | But if you get deep into an enterprise, you'll find there are
           | so many irreducible complexities (as Stephen Wolfram might
           | coin them), that you really need a fully agentically
           | empowered worker -- meaning a human -- to make progress. AI
           | is not there yet.
        
         | LPisGood wrote:
         | I'm confused what kind of software engineer jobs there are that
         | don't involve meeting with people, "aligning expectations",
         | getting consensus, making slides/decks to communicate that,
         | thinking about market positioning, etc?
         | 
         | If you weren't doing much of that before, I struggled to think
         | of how you were doing much engineering at all, save some more
         | niche extremely technical roles where many of those questions
         | were already answered, but even still, I should expect you're
         | having those kinds of discussions, just more efficiently and
         | with other engineers.
        
           | sebmellen wrote:
           | Well that's why AI will not replace the software engineer!
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | Ime a team or project lead does that and the rest of the
           | engineers maybe do that on a smaller scale but mostly
           | implement.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | > I'm confused what kind of software engineer jobs there are
           | that don't involve meeting with people, "aligning
           | expectations", getting consensus, making slides/decks to
           | communicate that, thinking about market positioning, etc?
           | 
           | I'd suspect the kind that's going away.
        
             | LPisGood wrote:
             | That kind was already reserved for junior roles,
             | contractors, and off shoring.
        
               | r0m4n0 wrote:
               | I'm not sure everyone would agree with that statement. As
               | a more senior engineer at a big tech company, our execs
               | still believe more code output is expected by level. Hell
               | they even measure and rate you on lines of code deltas.
               | 
               | I don't agree with it or believe it's smart but it's the
               | world we live in
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | It seems that to some number of folks, "engineering" means
           | "writing code."
        
           | ragall wrote:
           | > I'm confused what kind of software engineer jobs there are
           | that don't involve meeting with people, "aligning
           | expectations", getting consensus, making slides/decks to
           | communicate that, thinking about market positioning, etc?
           | 
           | The vast majority of software engineers in the world. The
           | most widespread management culture is that where a team's
           | manager is the interface towards the rest of the organization
           | and the engineers themselves don't do any
           | alignment/consensus/business thinking, which is the manager's
           | exclusive job.
           | 
           | I used to work like that and I loved it. My managers were
           | decent and they allowed me to focus on my technical skills.
           | Then, due to those technical skills I'd acquired, I somehow
           | got hired at Google, stayed there nearly a decade but hated
           | all the OKR crap, perf and the continuous self-promotion I
           | was obliged to do.
        
           | pmontra wrote:
           | In my case
           | 
           | * meeting with people, yes, on calls, on chats, sometimes
           | even on phone
           | 
           | * "aligning expectations", yes, because of the next point
           | 
           | * getting consensus, yes, inevitably or how else do we decide
           | what to do and how to do it?
           | 
           | * making slides/decks to communicate that, not anymore, but
           | this is a specific tool of the job, like programming in Java
           | vs in Python.
           | 
           | * thinking about market positioning, no, but this is what
           | only a few people in an organization have agency on.
           | 
           | * etc? Yes, for example don't piss off other people, help
           | custumers using the product, identify new functionalities
           | that could help us deliver a better product, prioritize them
           | and then back to getting consensus.
        
           | bandrami wrote:
           | In a lot of larger organizations there is a whole stable of
           | people whose job is to keep stakeholders and programmers from
           | ever having to talk to each other. This was considered a best
           | practice a quarter-century ago ("Office Space" makes fun of
           | it), and in retrospect I concede it sometimes had a point.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | >If you weren't doing much of that before, I struggled to
           | think of how you were doing much engineering at all
           | 
           | Isn't like half of our industry just churning out JS file
           | after JS file to yet again change how facebook looks?
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | > unlike coding, where thinking is (or, used to be, pre-agent)
         | a smaller percentage of the time consumed. Writing the
         | software, which is essentially working through how to implement
         | the thought, used to take a much larger percentage of the
         | overall time consumed from thought to completion.
         | 
         | huh? maybe im in the minority, but the thinking:coding has
         | always been 80:20 spend a ton of time thinking and drawing,
         | then write once and debug a bit, and it works
         | 
         | this hasnt really changed with Llm coding either, except that
         | for the same amount of thinking, you get more code output
        
           | sebmellen wrote:
           | Yeah, ratios vary depending on how productive you are with
           | code. For me it was 50:50 and is now 80:20, but only because
           | I was a relatively unproductive coder (struggled with
           | language feature memorization, etc.) and a much more
           | productive thinker/architect.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | "Struggling with language feature memorization" is what we
             | call "unemployed", not "relatively unproductive".
        
               | sebmellen wrote:
               | No. You can be a very productive developer and have the
               | syntax be more of a blocker than application design, and
               | the same in reverse.
               | 
               | I interview a lot of people, and I've seen people who are
               | astoundingly good at micro-systems, very complex regexes,
               | etc. white struggling massively with system design. And
               | vice versa. People have different talents.
               | 
               | But, in my experience, AI will vastly improve the success
               | of the developer who's better at orchestration,
               | architecture, and system design than the developer who's
               | very good at tiny micro-system type of work. Yes, there
               | is still a need for someone who can read and understand
               | regexes... but is there anywhere near as much of a need
               | as before? Not at all.
               | 
               | Now. there are very many dual threats, and most truly
               | senior engineers are both. These people now have an even
               | bigger leg up, because they have an understanding of
               | system mechanics + the superpower of Claude Code/etc.
               | They don't have to waste as much time on boilerplate and
               | raw implementation, and yet they can check the output of
               | their input to the AI. They are also probably better
               | equipped to build testing harnesses, etc., that adapt
               | well to agentic use.
        
         | ozgrakkurt wrote:
         | Thinking is always the hardest part and the bottleneck for me.
         | 
         | It doesn't capture everyone's experience when you say thinking
         | is the smaller part of programming.
         | 
         | I don't even believe a regular person is capable of producing
         | good quality code without thinking 2x the amount they are
         | coding
        
           | jama211 wrote:
           | Most people (and most businesses) aren't making good quality
           | code though. Most tools we use have horrible codebases.
           | Therefore now the code can often be a similar quality to
           | before, just done far faster.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Agree. I remember in school in the 1980s reading that a good
           | programmer can write about 10 lines of code a day (citing
           | _The Mythical Man-Month_ ) and I thought "that's ridiculous,
           | I can write hundreds of lines a day" but didn't understand
           | that's including all the time understanding requirements,
           | thinking about design, testing, debugging, etc. Writing the
           | code is a small portion of what a software engineer does.
        
             | pmontra wrote:
             | Also remember that programs were much smaller, code had to
             | be typed in full and read accurately because compilers were
             | slow and you didn't want to waste time for a syntax error.
             | Anyway it's common even today to work half a day thinking,
             | debugging, testing and eventually git diff shows only two
             | changed lines.
        
           | sebmellen wrote:
           | As I wrote in a separate comment to someone who responded to
           | me, there is a difference between:                 (a)
           | thinking about, and deciding upon, what will be done, and
           | (b) the thinking that is required during implementation.
           | 
           | _{type (a)}_ was always the majority of my time, but _{type
           | (b)}_ consumed a lot of effort, especially for languages or
           | syntaxes I wasn 't very familiar with. _{type (b)}_ consumes
           | very little of my time now.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | > The thing with a lot of white collar work is that the
         | thinking/talking is often the majority of the work... unlike
         | coding, where thinking is (or, used to be, pre-agent) a smaller
         | percentage of the time consumed.
         | 
         | WHOAH WHOAH WHOAH WHOAH STOP. No coder I've ever met has
         | thought that thinking was anything other than the BIGGEST
         | allocation of time when coding. Nobody is putting their typing
         | words-per-minute on their resume because typing has never been
         | the problem.
         | 
         | I'm absolutely baffled that you think the job that requires
         | some of the most thinking, by far, is somehow less cognitively
         | intense than sending emails and making slide decks.
         | 
         | I honestly think a project managers job is actually a lot
         | easier to automate, if you're going to go there (not that I'm
         | hoping for anyone's job to be automated away). It's a lot
         | easier for an engineer to learn the industry and business than
         | it is for a project manager to learn how to keep their vibe
         | code from spilling private keys all over the internet.
        
           | Kiro wrote:
           | Our job is not the intellectual exercise you think it is.
           | We're not smarter than anyone else and software development
           | is not automatically more thought-intensive than other jobs.
           | The fact that programming is the first job task to be fully
           | automated says it all.
        
             | whaleidk wrote:
             | It's weird that you equate time spent thinking with
             | intelligence and egotism. Plenty of "normal people" jobs
             | require lots of time spent thinking like art, writing,
             | product and ad design. The only one implying taking time to
             | think equals big brain master race is you
        
               | Kiro wrote:
               | "Normal people"? "Big brain master race"? The only one
               | implying weird things here is you.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | When coders need a break from intense coding, what do they
             | do with the remaining hours of the day? Usually,
             | administrative stuff -- sending emails, attending meetings
             | (if they can organize when their meetings are), filing
             | expense reports, etc. IE, the stuff that's easy. Also while
             | I wasn't attempting to suggest that thinking more = higher
             | iq (just that it requires a lot of careful thought),
             | average IQ's per job score are quite a bit higher in
             | software engineering fields.
        
           | sebmellen wrote:
           | > I'm absolutely baffled that you think the job that requires
           | some of the most thinking, by far, is somehow less
           | cognitively intense than sending emails and making slide
           | decks.
           | 
           | OK, to quote you: WHOAH WHOAH WHOAH WHOAH STOP!
           | 
           | You've made a lot of assumptions.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that coding is not thinking. What I'm saying
           | is this:
           | 
           | There is a difference between:                 (a) thinking
           | about, and deciding upon, what will be done, and        (b)
           | the thinking that is required during implementation.
           | 
           | In my experience, coding is at least 50/50 (even for the best
           | developer) in the sense that figuring out how to structure
           | and fix your code _{type (b)}_ used to require very deep
           | thinking. But then the other thinking time was spent on your
           | system design /architecture _{type (a)}_ , and not debugging
           | type errors, etc.
           | 
           | AI has already changed that split. If you have a good test
           | harness and problem definition, you can throw Codex at a
           | really massive task and have it do quite well at the finer
           | details of implementation.
           | 
           | Other white-collar office work, as stupid as it may be, will
           | be a lot harder to automate because it is primarily the
           | "thinking about what will be done" _{type (a)}_ kind of work
           | and not the  "thinking that is done during implementation"
           | _{type (b)}_ kind of work.
           | 
           | If you haven't seen what I mean by "enterprise office work"
           | it may be hard to grasp what I'm talking about... But
           | thinking that people are just doodling around making slide
           | decks or writing shitty emails is the wrong mental model for
           | the breadth of non-technical work available in a large
           | company.
        
       | maininformer wrote:
       | Thousand of companies to be replaced by leaner counterparts that
       | learned to use AI towards greater employment and productivity
        
         | LunaSea wrote:
         | Where are my LLM-crafted Google and Instagram?
        
       | SilverElfin wrote:
       | These surveys don't make sense. Ask the forward thinking
       | companies and they'll say the opposite. The flood of anti AI
       | productivity articles almost feel like they're meant to lull the
       | population into not seeing what's about to happen to employment.
        
         | throwawaysleep wrote:
         | Eh, try using Microsoft Copilot in Word or PowerPoint. It is
         | worthless. If your experience with AI was a Microsoft product,
         | you would think it was a scam too.
        
           | yoyohello13 wrote:
           | Yeah Microsoft has consistently been bragging about how so
           | much code is written by AI, yet their products are worse than
           | ever. Seems to indicate "using AI" is not enough. You have to
           | be smart about when and where.
        
           | conductr wrote:
           | It's not just that though. You find when going through AI
           | projects in an organization that many times the process is
           | manual for a reason. This isn't the first wave of
           | "automation" that's came through. Most things that can be
           | fully automated already have been long ago and they manual
           | parts get sold as we can make AI do it, until you see the
           | specs and noodle around on the problem some then you realize
           | it's probably just going to remain manual as the amount of
           | model training requires as much time and effort as just doing
           | it by hand.
        
             | sebmellen wrote:
             | I have a dystopian future vision where humans are cheaper
             | machines than robots, so we become the disposable task
             | force for grunt work that robots aren't cheap enough for.
             | To some degree this is already happening.
        
           | transcriptase wrote:
           | It's comical that Microsoft inserted Copilot buttons
           | throughout all of their productivity suite, and none of them
           | are able to do the bare minimum that you would hope for.
           | 
           | "Oh cool, copilot is in excel! I'm going to ask it a question
           | about the data in the spreadsheet that it's literally
           | appearing beside natively in-app, or for help with a
           | formula!"
           | 
           | "Wait what, it's saying it can't see anything or read from
           | the currently displayed worksheet? Why is it inside the
           | application then? Why would I want an outdated version of
           | ChatGPT with no useful context or ability to read/do anything
           | inside all my Office applications?"
        
             | bandrami wrote:
             | Meta's AI can't search posts on Meta's properties (or at
             | least couldn't a few months ago). I'm not really sure what
             | it's point is unless it's meant as a kind of help desk for
             | the site (which they already also have).
        
         | slopinthebag wrote:
         | > Ask the forward thinking companies and they'll say the
         | opposite.
         | 
         | Which ones? OpenAI? Microsoft? Anthropic?
        
       | pram wrote:
       | It's funny because at work we have paid Codex and Claude but I
       | rarely find a use for it, yet I pay for the $200 Max plan for
       | personal stuff and will use it for hours!
       | 
       | So I'm not even in the "it's useless" camp, but it's frankly only
       | situationally useful outside of new greenfield stuff. Maybe that
       | is the problem?
        
         | fourthark wrote:
         | Why do you find it useless for legacy code? I find I have to
         | give it plenty of context but it does pretty well on legacy
         | code.
         | 
         | And Ask DeepWiki is a great shortcut for finding the right
         | context... Granted this is open source and DW is free.
         | 
         | Is it the specific nature of your work?
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | Just to be clear, the article is NOT criticizing this. To the
       | contrary, it's presenting it as _expected_ , thanks to Solow's
       | productivity paradox [1].
       | 
       | Which is that information technology similarly (and seemingly
       | shockingly) didn't produce any net economic gains in the 1970's
       | or 1980's despite all the computerization. It wasn't until the
       | mid-to-late 1990's that information technology finally started to
       | show clear benefit to the economy overall.
       | 
       | The reason is that investing in IT was very expensive, there were
       | lots of wasted efforts, and it took a long time for the benefits
       | to outweigh the costs across the entire economy.
       | 
       | And so we should expect AI to look the same -- it's helping lots
       | of people, but it's also costing an extraordinary amount of
       | money, and the few people it's helping is currently at least
       | outweighed by the people wasting time with it and its expense.
       | But, we should recognize that it's very early days, and that
       | productivity will rise with time, and costs will come down, as we
       | learn to integrate it with best practices.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity_paradox
        
         | kamaal wrote:
         | One part of the system moving fast doesn't change the speed of
         | the system all that much.
         | 
         | The thing to note is, verifying if something got done is harder
         | and takes time in the same ballpark as doing the work.
         | 
         | If people are serious about AI productivity, lets start by
         | addressing how we can verify program correctness quickly.
         | Everything else is just a Ferrari between two traffic red
         | lights.
        
           | hawaiianbrah wrote:
           | Really? I disagree that verifying is as hard as doing the
           | work yourself. It's like P != NP.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | The comparison seems flawed in terms of cost.
         | 
         | A Claude subscription is 20 bucks per worker if using personal
         | accounts billed to the company, which is not very far from
         | common office tools like slack. Onboarding a worker to Claude
         | or ChatGPT is ridiculously easy compared to teaching a 1970's
         | manual office worker to use an early computer.
         | 
         | Larger implementations like automating customer service might
         | be more costly, but I think there are enough short term
         | supposed benefits that something should be showing there.
        
           | meager_wikis wrote:
           | If anything, the 'scariness' of an old computer probably
           | protected the company in many ways. AI's approachability to
           | the average office worker, specifically how it makes it seem
           | like it easy to deploy/run/triage enterprise software, will
           | continue to pwn.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | How viable are the $20/month subscriptions for actual work
           | and are they loss making for Anthropic? I've heard both of
           | people needing to get higher tiers to get anything done in
           | Claude Code and also that the subscriptions are (heavily?)
           | subsidized by Anthropic, so the "just another $20 SaaS"
           | argument doesn't sound too good.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | id guess the 200 subscription sufficient per person.
             | 
             | but at that point you could go for a bugger one and split
             | amongst headcount
        
             | simonw wrote:
             | I am confident that Anthropic make revenue from that $20
             | than the electricity and server costs needed to serve that
             | customer.
             | 
             | Claude Code has rate limits for a reason: I expect they are
             | carefully designed to ensure that the average user doesn't
             | end up losing Anthropic money, and that even extreme heavy
             | users don't cause big enough losses for it to be a problem.
             | 
             | Everything I've heard makes me believe the margins on
             | inference are quite high. The AI labs lose money because of
             | the R&D and training costs, not because they're giving
             | electricity and server operational costs away for free.
        
               | Esophagus4 wrote:
               | I always assumed that with inference being so cheap, my
               | subscription fees were paying for training costs, not
               | inference.
        
               | smashed wrote:
               | Doubtful
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Anthropic and OpenAI are both well documented as losing
               | billions of dollars a year because their revenue doesn't
               | cover their R&D and training costs, but that doesn't mean
               | their revenue doesn't cover their inference costs.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | Does it matter if they can't ever _stop_ training though?
               | Like, this argument usually seems to imply that training
               | is a one-off, not an ongoing process. I could save a lot
               | of money if I stopped eating, but it 'd be a short lived
               | experiment.
               | 
               | I'll be convinced they're actually making money when they
               | stop asking for $30 billion funding rounds. None of that
               | money is free! Whoever is giving them that money wants a
               | return on their investment, somehow.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | It matters because as long as they are selling inference
               | for less than it costs to serve they have a potential
               | path to profitability.
               | 
               | Training costs are fixed at whatever billions of dollars
               | per year.
               | 
               | If inference is profitable they might conceivably make a
               | profit if they can build a model that's good enough to
               | sign up vast numbers of paying customers.
               | 
               | If they lose even _more_ money on each new customer they
               | don 't have any path to profitability at all.
        
               | citrin_ru wrote:
               | > If they lose even more money on each new customer they
               | don't have any path to profitability at all.
               | 
               | In theory they can increase prices once the customers
               | will be hocked up. That's how many startups works.
        
               | bildung wrote:
               | But only if you ignore all the other market participants,
               | right? How can we ever reach a point where all the i.e.
               | smaller Chinese competitors perpetually trailing behind
               | SOTA with a ~9 month lag but at a tiny fraction of the
               | cost stop existing?
               | 
               | I mean we just have to look at old discussions about Uber
               | for the exact same arguments. Uber, after all these
               | years, still is at a negative 10 % lifetime ROI , and
               | that company doesn't even have to meaningfully invest in
               | hardware.
               | 
               | IMO this will probably develop like the railroad boom in
               | the first half of the 19th century: All the AI-only first
               | movers like OpenAI and Anthropic will go bust, just like
               | most railroad companies who laid the tracks, because they
               | can't escape the training treadmill. But the tech itself
               | will stay, and even become a meaningful productivity
               | booster over the next decades.
        
               | viking123 wrote:
               | I am also thinking long term where is the moat if it will
               | inevitably lead to price competition? Like it's not a
               | Microsoft product suite that your whole company is tied
               | in multiple ways. LLMs can be quite easily swapped to
               | another.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | I'm curious just because you're well known in this space
               | -- have you read Ed Zitron's work on the bubble, and if
               | so what did you think of it? I'm somewhat in agreement
               | with him that the financials of this just can't be
               | reconciled, at least for OpenAI and Anthropic. But I also
               | know that's not my field. I find his arguments a lot more
               | convincing than the people just saying "ahh it'll work
               | itself out" though.
        
               | krainboltgreene wrote:
               | There's an argument to be made that a "return on
               | investment by way of eliminating all workers" is a
               | reasonable result for the capitalists.
        
               | generic92034 wrote:
               | At least until they are running out of customers. And/or
               | societies with mass-unemployment destabilize to a degree
               | that is not conducive for capitalists' operations.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | That's a problem above most CEOs' pay grade.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | At some point the players will need to reach
               | profitability. Even if they're subsidising it with other
               | revenue - they'll only be willing to do that as long as
               | it drives rising inference revenue.
               | 
               | Once that happens, whomever is left standing can dial
               | back the training investment to whatever their share of
               | inference can bear.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > Once that happens, whomever is left standing can dial
               | back the training investment to whatever their share of
               | inference can bear.
               | 
               | Or, if there's two people left standing, they may compete
               | with each other on price rather than performance and each
               | end up with cloud compute's margins.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Sure, but they will still need to dial it back to a point
               | where they can fund it out of inference _at some point_.
               | The point is that the fact they can 't do that now is
               | irrelevant - it's a game of chicken at the moment, and
               | that might kill some of them, but the game won't last
               | forever.
        
               | vrighter wrote:
               | Models are fixed. They do not learn post training.
               | 
               | Which means that training needs to be ongoing. So the
               | revenue covers the inference? So what? All that means is
               | that it doesn't cover your costs and you're operating at
               | a loss. Because it doesn't cover the training that you
               | can't stop doing either.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Training costs are fixed. Inference costs are variable.
               | The difference matters.
        
               | vrighter wrote:
               | No they are not. They are exponentially increasing. Due
               | to the exponential scaling needed for linear gain.
               | Otherwise they'd fall behind their competition.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Fixed cost here means that the training costs stay the
               | same no matter how many customers you have - unlike
               | serving costs which have to increase to serve more
               | people.
        
               | beAbU wrote:
               | Is inference really that cheap? Why can't I do it at home
               | with a reasonable amount of money?
        
               | mcosta wrote:
               | Capex vs opex?
        
               | beAbU wrote:
               | Well, both? I need money for the equipment, and I need
               | money for electricity.
               | 
               | Capex is probably the biggest hurdle, but I can see how
               | electricity cost might become a factor under heavy use.
        
               | tverbeure wrote:
               | Nobody questions that Anthropic makes _revenue_ from a
               | $20 subscription. The opposite would be very strange.
        
               | brandensilva wrote:
               | Yeah it's the caching that's doing the work for them
               | though honestly. So many cached queries saving the GPUs
               | from hard hits.
        
               | xienze wrote:
               | How is caching implemented in this scenario? I find it
               | unlikely that two developers are going to ask the same
               | exact question, so at a minimum some work has to be done
               | to figure out "someone's asked this before, fetch the
               | response out of the cache." But then the problem is that
               | most questions are peppered with specific context that
               | has to be represented in the response, so there's really
               | no way to cache that.
        
               | marcyb5st wrote:
               | From my understanding (which is poor at best), the cache
               | is about the separate parts of the input context. Once
               | the LLM read a file the content of that file is cached
               | (i.e. some representation that the LLM creates for that
               | specific file, but I really have no idea how that works).
               | So the next time you bring either directly or indirectly
               | that file into the context the LLM doesn't have to do a
               | full pass, but pull its understanding/representation from
               | the cache and uses that to answer your question/perform
               | the task.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | A lot of people believe that Anthropic lose money selling
               | tokens to customers because they are subsidizing it for
               | growth.
        
               | Drakim wrote:
               | But that has zero effect on revenue, it only affects
               | profit.
        
               | o3dd wrote:
               | I wrote awhile ago on here that he should stick to his
               | domain.
               | 
               | I was downvoted big time. Ah, I love it when people
               | provide an example so it can finally be exposed without
               | me having to say anything.
               | 
               | Unfortunately this is a huge problem on here - many
               | people step outside of their domains, even if on the
               | surface it seems simple, but post gibberish and
               | completely mangled stuff. How does this benefit people
               | who get exposed to crap?
        
               | kakacik wrote:
               | If you don't know you are wrong but have an itch to
               | polish your ego a bit then what's stopping you (them),
               | right.
               | 
               | People form very strong opinions on topic they barely
               | understand. I'd say since they know little the opinions
               | come mostly from emotions, which is hardly a good path
               | for objective and deeper knowledge.
        
               | what wrote:
               | >make revenue from that $20 than the electricity and
               | server costs needed to serve that customer
               | 
               | Seems like a pretty dumb take. It's like saying it only
               | takes $X in electricity and raw materials to produce a
               | widget that I sell for $Y. Since $Y is bigger than $X,
               | I'm making money! Just ignore that I have to pay people
               | to work the lines. Ignore that I had to pay huge amounts
               | to build the factory. Ignore every other cost.
               | 
               | They can't just fire everyone and stop training new
               | models.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | See comment here:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47057874
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | As I understand it:
               | 
               | Gross profit = revenues - cost of goods sold
               | 
               | Operating profit = Gross profit - operating expenses
               | including depreciation & amortisation
               | 
               | Net profit = Operating profit - net interest expense -
               | taxes
        
             | _jss wrote:
             | Merely for the viability part: I use the $20/mo plan now,
             | but only as a part-time independent dev. I will hit rate-
             | limits with Opus on any moderately complex app.
             | 
             | If I am on a roll, I will flip on Extra Usage. I prototyped
             | a fully functional and useful niche app in ~6 total hours
             | and $20 of extra usage, and it's solid enough and proved
             | enough value to continue investing in and eventually ship
             | to the App store.
             | 
             | Without Claude I likely wouldn't have gotten to the
             | finished prototype version to use in the real world.
             | 
             | For Indy dev, I think LLMs are a new source of solutions.
             | This app is too niche to justify building and marketing
             | without LLM assistance. It likely won't earn more than
             | $25k/year but good enough!
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | I don't think the assumption that Anthropic is losing money
             | on subscriptions holds up. I think each additional customer
             | provides more revenue than the cost to run their inference,
             | on average.
             | 
             | For people doing work with LLMs as an assistant for
             | codebase searching, reviews, double checks, and things like
             | that the $20/month plan is more than fine. The closer you
             | get to vibecoding and trying to get the LLM to do all the
             | work, the more you need the $100 and $200 plans.
             | 
             | On the ChatGPT side, the $20/month subscription plan for
             | GPT Codex feels extremely generous right now. I tried
             | getting to the end of my window usage limit one day and
             | could not.
             | 
             | > so the "just another $20 SaaS" argument doesn't sound too
             | good
             | 
             | Having seen several company's SaaS bills, even $100/month
             | or $200/month for developers would barely change anything.
        
               | lokar wrote:
               | Why do you think that? Lots of people on this thread
               | saying that, but zero citations.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | Like Uber/Airbnb in early days, this is heavily subsidized.
        
           | abraxas wrote:
           | What if LLMs are optimizing the average office worker's
           | productivity but the work itself simply has no discernable
           | economic value? This is argued at length in Grebber's
           | Bullshit Jobs essay and book.
        
             | groundzeros2015 wrote:
             | And that book sort of vaguely hints around at all these
             | jobs that are surely bullshit but won't identify them
             | concretely.
             | 
             | Not recognizing the essential role of sales seemed to be a
             | common mistake.
        
               | bubblewand wrote:
               | What counts as "concretely"? And I don't recall it
               | calling sales bullshit.
               | 
               | It identified _advertising_ as part of the category that
               | it classed as heavily-bullshit-jobs for reason of being
               | zero-sum--your competitor spends more, so you spent more
               | to avoid falling behind, standard red queen's race.
               | (Another in this category was the military, which is
               | kinda the classic case of this--see also, the Missile
               | Gap, the dreadnought arms race, et c.) But not sales,
               | IIRC.
        
               | thesmtsolver2 wrote:
               | How does that make advertising a bullshit job? The only
               | way advertising won't exist or won't be needed is when
               | humanity becomes a hive mind and removes all competition.
        
               | bubblewand wrote:
               | The parts that are only done to maintain status quo with
               | a competitor aren't productive, and that's quite a bit of
               | it. Two (or more) sides spend money, nothing changes. No
               | good is produced. The whole exercise is basically an
               | accident.
               | 
               | Like when a competing country builds their tenth
               | battleship, so you commission another one to match them.
               | The world would have been _better_ if neither had been
               | build. Money changed hands (one supposes) but the aim of
               | the whole exercise had no effect. It was similar to
               | paying people to dig holes a fill them back in again, to
               | the tune of serious money. This was so utterly stupid and
               | wasteful that there was a whole treaty about it, to try
               | to prevent so many bullshit jobs from being created
               | again.
               | 
               | Or when Pepsi increases their ad spending in Brazil, so
               | Coca Cola counters, and much of the money ends up
               | accomplishing little except keeping things just how they
               | were. That component or quality of the ad industry, the
               | book claims, is bullshit, on account of not doing any
               | good.
               | 
               | The book treats of several ways in which a job might be
               | bullshit, and just kinda mentions this one as an aside:
               | the zero-sum activity. It mostly covers other sorts, but
               | this is the closest I can recall it coming to declaring
               | sales "bullshit" (the book rarely, bordering on never,
               | paints even most of an entire industry or field as
               | bullshit, and advertising isn't sales, but it's as close
               | as it got, as I recall)
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | You're describing redundant effort from competition as
               | waste. Is it a waste of effort when both people try to
               | get the same job and only one succeeds?
               | 
               | Is it a waste of effort when two companies try to make
               | the best electric car?
               | 
               | If it is wasteful what does aw orld look like where
               | nobody ever spends resources on a goal which overlaps
               | with someone else?
        
               | bubblewand wrote:
               | I think you've misunderstood what I've written here.
               | Graeber's book might make it clearer for you, he probably
               | did a better job of explaining it than I do. It's about
               | spendy Red Queen's races, not just trying to make
               | something better or trying to compete in general. The
               | application of the idea to military spending is pretty
               | much standard and uncontroversial stuff (hell, it was
               | 100-plus years ago) while his observation of a similar
               | effect in some notable component of ad spending is novel
               | (at least, I'd not seen that connection made before).
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | Best product should be picked according to requirements
               | by LLM without bullshit advertising.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | See what I mean? What you see as a bullshit job is just
               | completely misunderstanding how human beings work.
               | 
               | - Which products get included in the candidate list?
               | Every product in existence which claims use? - how many
               | results can it return? And in what order? - which
               | attributes or description of the product is provided to
               | the llm? Who provides it? - how are the claims in those
               | descriptions verified? - what if my business believes the
               | claims or description of our product is false? - how will
               | the llm change its relative valuations based on demand?
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | I was replying to:
               | 
               | > The only way advertising won't exist or won't be needed
               | is when humanity becomes a hive mind and removes all
               | competition.
               | 
               | I don't need advertisement to pick the best product for
               | myself. I have a list of requirements that I need
               | fulfilled - why do I need advertisement for it?
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | You just don't know what advertising is. How did you
               | determine which products were available? How did you
               | determine their attributes?
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | Countries can just ban advertising, and hopefully we will
               | slowly move towards this. There are already quite a few
               | specific bans - tobacco advertising is banned, gambling
               | and sex product advertising is only allowed in certain
               | specific situations, billboards and other forms of
               | advertising on public spaces are often banned in large
               | European cities, and so on.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | > Countries can just ban advertising
               | 
               | No. They can ban particular modes. They can't stop people
               | from using power and money to spread ideas.
               | 
               | In the US hedge funds are banned from advertising and all
               | they did is change their forms of presentation to things
               | like presenting at conferences or on podcasts.
               | 
               | If there was a socialist fantasy of a government review
               | board for which all products were submitted before being
               | listed in a government catalog. Then advertising would be
               | lobbying and jockeying that review board to view your
               | product in a particular way. Or merely to go through the
               | process and ensure correct information was kept.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | > And I don't recall it calling sales bullshit.
               | 
               | It says stuff like why can't a customer just order from
               | an online form? The employee who helps them doesn't do
               | anything except make them feel better. Must be a bullshit
               | job. It talks specifically about my employees filling
               | internal roles like this.
               | 
               | > advertising
               | 
               | I understand the arms race argument, but it's really hard
               | to see what an alternative looks like. People can spend
               | money to make you more aware of something. You can limit
               | some modes, but that kind of just exists.
               | 
               | I don't see how they aren't performing an important
               | function.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | It's an important function in a capitalist economy.
               | Socialist economies are like "adblock for your life".
               | That said, some advertising can be useful to inform
               | consumers that a good exists, but convincing them they
               | need it by synthesizing desires or fighting off
               | competitors? Useless and socially detrimental.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | > Socialist economies are like "adblock for your life".
               | 
               | There's nothing inherent to socialism that would preclude
               | advertising. It's an economic system where the means of
               | production (capital) is owned by the workers or the
               | state. In market socialism you still have worker
               | cooperatives competing on the market.
        
               | Wilder7977 wrote:
               | Plus, a core part of what qualifies as a bullshit job is
               | that the person doing it feels that it's a bullshit job.
               | The book is a half-serious anthropological essay, not an
               | economic treaty.
        
               | wolvesechoes wrote:
               | Yeah, guy states that in multiple places, and yet here we
               | are, with an impression that most people referencing the
               | book apparently didn't read it.
        
               | bubblewand wrote:
               | An odd tendency I've noticed about Graeber is that the
               | more someone apparently dislikes his work, the more it
               | will seem like they're talking about totally different
               | books from the ones I read.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | Because he uses private framings of concepts that are
               | well understood. So if your first encounter is through
               | Graeber you're going to have friction with every other
               | understanding. If you've read much else you will say
               | "hold on a minute, what's about ..."
        
               | wolvesechoes wrote:
               | > If you've read much else
               | 
               | If you've read much else you should be able to engage
               | with text properly, and construct charitable
               | interpretations of author's claims or arguments.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | Please read my comments here engaging with the ideas in
               | the text and specifically your concern that bullshit jobs
               | are just jobs that don't feel important.
        
               | wolvesechoes wrote:
               | You have written bunch of comments regarding advertising,
               | single comment criticizing Graeber for using concepts in
               | uncommon way, and one reply to my comment that doesn't
               | really connect with the content of that comment.
               | 
               | Did I miss something?
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | > And that book sort of vaguely hints around at all these
               | jobs that are surely bullshit but won't identify them
               | concretely.
               | 
               | See what I mean? We push on where these fake jobs are and
               | you fallback to a subjective internal definition we can't
               | inspect.
               | 
               | And now let me remind you of the context. If the real
               | definition of bullshit isn't economic slack, but internal
               | dissatisfaction then this comment would be false:
               | 
               | > What if LLMs are optimizing the average office worker's
               | productivity but the work itself simply has no
               | discernable economic value? This is argued at length in
               | Grebber's Bullshit Jobs essay and book.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "Socialist economies are like "adblock for your life"."
               | 
               | Ever actually lived in anything approaching one? Yeah, if
               | the stores are empty, it does not make sense to produce
               | ads for stuff that isn't there ...
               | 
               | ... but we still had ads on TV, surprisingly, even for
               | stuff that was in shortage (= almost everything). Why?
               | Because the Plan said so, and disrespecting the Plan too
               | openly would stray dangerously close to the crime of
               | sabotage.
               | 
               | You have no idea.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | None of that is inherent to socialism. There can be good
               | and bad management, freedom and authoritarianism in any
               | economic system.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Socialist economies larger than kibbutzes could only be
               | created and sustained by totalitarian states. Socialism
               | means _collective ownership of means of production_.
               | 
               | And people won't give up their shops and fields and other
               | means of production to the government voluntarily, at
               | least not en masse. Thus they have to be forced at a
               | gunpoint, and they always were.
               | 
               | All the subsequent horror is downstream from that. This
               | is what is inherent to building a socialist economy: mass
               | expropriation of the former "exploitative class". The bad
               | management of the stolen assets is just a consequence,
               | because ideologically brainwashed partisans are usually
               | bad at managing anything including themselves.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | This is exactly what I meant, a centrally-planned economy
               | where the state owns everything and people are forced to
               | give everything up is just one terrible (Soviet) model,
               | not some defining feature of socialism.
               | 
               | Yugoslavia was extremely successful, with economic growth
               | that matched or exceeded most capitalist European
               | economies post-WW2. In some ways it wasn't as free as
               | western societies are today but it definitely wasn't
               | totalitarian, and in many ways it was more free - there's
               | a philosophical question in there about what freedom
               | really is. For example Yugoslavia made abortion a
               | constitutionally protected right _in the 70s_.
               | 
               | I don't want to debate the nuances of what's better now
               | and what was better then as that's beside the point,
               | which is that the idiosyncrasies of the terrible Soviet
               | economy are not inherent to "socialism", just like the
               | idiosyncrasies of the US economy aren't inherent to
               | capitalism.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "just one terrible (Soviet) model"
               | 
               | It is _the_ model, introduced basically everywhere where
               | socialism was taken seriously. It is like saying that
               | cars with four wheels are just one terrible model,
               | because there were a few cars with three wheels.
               | 
               | Yugoslavia was a mixed economy with a lot of economic
               | power remaining in private hands. You cannot point at it
               | and say "hey, successful socialism". Tito was a mortal
               | enemy of Stalin, stroke a balanced _neither-East-nor-
               | West, but fairly friendly to the West_ policy already in
               | 1950, and his collectivization efforts were a fraction of
               | what Marxist-Leninist doctrine demands.
               | 
               | You also shouldn't discount the effect of sending young
               | Yugoslavs to work in West Germany on the total balance
               | sheet. A massive influx of remittances in Deutsche Mark
               | was an important factor in Yugoslavia getting richer, and
               | there was nothing socialist about it, it was an overflow
               | of quick economic growth in a capitalist country.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | You've created a tautology: Socialism is bad because bad
               | models are socialism and better models are not-socialism.
               | 
               | > You cannot point at it and say "hey, successful
               | socialism"
               | 
               | Yes I can because ideological purity doesn't exist in the
               | real world. All of our countries are a mix of capitalist
               | and socialist ideas yet we call them "capitalist" because
               | that's the current predominant organization.
               | 
               | > Tito was a mortal enemy of Stalin, stroke a balanced
               | neither-East-nor-West, but fairly friendly to the West
               | policy already in 1950, and his collectivization efforts
               | were a fraction of what Marxist-Leninist doctrine
               | demands.
               | 
               | You're making my point for me, Yugoslavia was completely
               | different from USSR _yet still socialist_. Socialism is
               | not synonymous with Marxist-Leninist doctrine. It 's a
               | fairly simple core idea that has an infinite number of
               | possible implementations, one of them being market
               | socialism with worker cooperatives.
               | 
               | Aside from that short period post-WW2, no socialist or
               | communist nation has been allowed to exist without
               | interference from the US through oppressive economic
               | sanctions that would cripple and destroy any economy
               | regardless of its economic system, but people love
               | nothing more than to draw conclusions from these
               | obviously-invalid "experiments".
               | 
               | "You" (and I mean the collective you) are essentially
               | hijacking the word "socialism" to simply mean "everything
               | that was bad about the USSR". The system has been
               | teaching and conditioning people to do that for decades,
               | but we should really be more conscious and stop doing
               | that.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | " no socialist or communist nation has been allowed to
               | exist without interference from the US through oppressive
               | economic sanctions that would cripple and destroy any
               | economy regardless of its economic system"
               | 
               | That is what COMECON was supposed to solve, but if you
               | aggregate a heap of losers, you won't create a winning
               | team.
               | 
               | "Socialism is not synonymous with Marxist-Leninist
               | doctrine. It's a fairly simple core idea that has an
               | infinite number of possible implementations, one of them
               | being market socialism with worker cooperatives."
               | 
               | Of that infinite number, the violent Soviet-like version
               | became the most widespread because it was the only one
               | that was somewhat stable when implemented on a
               | countrywide scale. That stability was bought by blood, of
               | course.
               | 
               | No one is sabotaging worker cooperatives in Europe and
               | lefty parties used to given them extra support, but they
               | just don't seem to be able to grow well. The largest one
               | is located in Basque Country and it is debatable if its
               | size is partly caused by Basque nationalism, which is not
               | a very socialist idea. Aside from that one, worker
               | cooperatives of more than 1000 people are rare birds.
               | 
               | "The system has been teaching and conditioning people to
               | do that for decades, but we should really be more
               | conscious and stop doing that."
               | 
               | No one in the former socialist bloc will experiment with
               | that quagmire again. For some reason, socialism is a
               | catnip of intellectuals who continue to defend it, but
               | real-world workers dislike it and defect from various
               | attempts to build it at every opportunity.
               | 
               | We should stop trying to ride dead horses. Collective
               | ownership of means of production on a macro scale is
               | every bit as dead as divine right of kings to rule. There
               | are still Curtis Yarvin types of intellectual who
               | subscribe to the latter idea, but it is pining for the
               | fjords. So is socialism.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | > That is what COMECON was supposed to solve, but if you
               | aggregate a heap of losers, you won't create a winning
               | team.
               | 
               | What kind of disingenuous argument is that? Existence of
               | COMECON doesn't neutralize the enormous disadvantage and
               | economic pressure of having sanctioned imposed on you.
               | 
               | > Of that infinite number
               | 
               | I'm glad we agree that Soviet communism is not synonymous
               | with "socialism".
               | 
               | > Aside from that one, worker cooperatives of more than
               | 1000 people are rare birds.
               | 
               | You're applying pointless capitalist metrics to non-
               | capitalist organizations and moralizing about how they
               | don't live up to them.
               | 
               | > No one in the former socialist bloc will experiment
               | with that quagmire again.
               | 
               | You're experimenting with socialist policies and values
               | right now, you just don't want to call it by that name
               | because of your weird fixation. Do public healthcare,
               | transport, education, social security benefits ring any
               | bells?
               | 
               | If you talked to people from ex-Yugoslavia, you'd know
               | that many would be happy to return to that time.
               | 
               | > We should stop trying to ride dead horses.
               | 
               | We should stop declaring horses extinct when it's just
               | your own horse that has died.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | Have you participated in academia before?
        
             | emp17344 wrote:
             | The thesis of Bullshit Jobs is almost universally rejected
             | by economists, FYI. There's not much of value to obtain
             | from the book.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Why should I believe "economists" over "David Grabber"?
        
               | wolvesechoes wrote:
               | Not surprising, because thesis is not about economy.
               | 
               | > There's not much of value to obtain from the book.
               | 
               | Anthropological insight has much more value than anything
               | economists may produce on economy.
        
               | simonask wrote:
               | As a layman, I have to say the collective credibility of
               | economists does not inspire confidence.
        
               | topocite wrote:
               | I love economics but it is a field of study that we don't
               | have the proper tools to properly study the subject yet.
               | 
               | Modern economics is literally a bullshit job generating
               | process or complex system.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | What's particularly ironic is that economists are
               | redundant from a mainstream economics perspective. They'd
               | be the first job to cut.
        
               | bubblewand wrote:
               | ... what's the thesis?
        
             | hattmall wrote:
             | I find that highly unlikely, coding is the AIs best value
             | use case by far. Right now office workers see marginal
             | benefits but it's not like it's an order of magnitude
             | difference. AI drafts an email, you have to check and edit
             | it, then send it. In many cases it's a toss up if that
             | actually saved time, and then if it did, it's not like the
             | pace of work is break neck anyway, so the benefit is some
             | office workers have a bit more idle time at the desk
             | because you always tap some wall that's out of your
             | control. Maybe AI saves you a Google search or a doc lookup
             | here and there. You still need to check everything and it
             | can cause mistakes that take longer too. Here's an example
             | from today.
             | 
             | Assistant is dispatching a courier to get medical records.
             | AI auto completes to include the address. Normally they
             | wouldn't put the address, the courier knows who we work
             | with, but AI added it so why not. Except it's the wrong
             | address because it's for a different doctor with the same
             | name. At least they knew to verify it, but still mistakes
             | like this happening at scale is making the other time
             | savings pretty close to a wash.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | LLMs might not save _time_ but they certainly increase
               | _quality_ for at least some office work. I frequently use
               | it to check my work before sending to colleagues or
               | customers and it occasionally catches gaps or errors in
               | my writing.
        
               | toraway wrote:
               | But that idealized example could also be offset by
               | another employee who doubles their own output by churning
               | out lower-quality unreviewed workslop all day without
               | checking anything, while wasting other people's time.
        
               | sunrunner wrote:
               | Something I call the 'Generate First, Review Never'
               | approach, seemingly favoured by my colleagues, and which
               | has the magical quality of increasing the overall amount
               | of work done through an increased amount of time taken by
               | N receivers of low-quality document having to review,
               | understand and fact check said document.
               | 
               | See also: AI-Generated "Workslop" Is Destroying
               | Productivity [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://hbr.org/2025/09/ai-generated-workslop-is-
               | destroying-...
        
               | bartread wrote:
               | Yeah, but that's no different from any other aspect of
               | office work, and more conventional forms of automation.
               | Gains by one person are often offset to some extent by
               | the laziness, inattentiveness, or ineptitude of others.
               | 
               | What AI has done is accelerate and magnify both the
               | positives and the negatives.
        
               | sanex wrote:
               | Not all code generates economic value. See slacks, jiras,
               | etc constant ui updates.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | That makes it a perfect use case for AI, since now you
               | don't need a dev for that. Any devs doing that would,
               | imo, be effectively performing one of David Graeber's
               | bullshit jobs.
        
               | cucumber3732842 wrote:
               | High quality code that does exactly what it needs to do
               | and well and that makes various actors and organizations
               | far more efficient at their jobs... but their jobs are of
               | negative economic value overall.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Coding is a relatively verifiable and strict task: it has
               | to pass the compiler, it has to pass the test suite, it
               | has to meet the user's requests.
               | 
               | There are a lot of white-collar tasks that have far lower
               | quality and correctness bars. "Researching" by plugging
               | things into google. Writing reports summarizing how a
               | trend that an exec saw a report on can be applied to the
               | company. Generating new values to share at a company all-
               | hands.
               | 
               | Tons of these that never touch the "real world." Your
               | assistant story is like a coding task - maybe someone ran
               | some tests, maybe they didn't, but it was verifiable. No
               | shortage of "the tests passed, but they weren't the right
               | test, this broke some customers and had to be fixed by
               | hand" coding stories out there like it. There are pages
               | and pages of _unverifiable_ bullshit that people are
               | sleepwalking through, too, though.
               | 
               | Nobody already knows if those things helped or hurt, so
               | nobody will ever even notice a hallucination.
               | 
               | But everyone in all those fields is going to be trying
               | really really hard to enumerate all the reasons it's
               | special and AI won't work well for them. The "management
               | says do more, workers figure out ways to be lazier" see-
               | saw is ancient, but this could skew far towards
               | "management demands more from fewer people" spectrum for
               | a while.
        
               | t43562 wrote:
               | Code may have to compile but that's a lowish bar and
               | since the AI is writing the tests it's obvious that
               | they're going to pass.
               | 
               | In all areas where there's less easy ways to judge output
               | there is going to be correspondingly more value to
               | getting "good" people. Some AI that can produce readable
               | reports isn't "good" - what matters is the quality of the
               | work and the insight put into it which can only be
               | ensured by looking at the workers reputation and past
               | history.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | > since the AI is writing the tests it's obvious that
               | they're going to pass
               | 
               | That's not obvious at all if the AI writing the tests is
               | different than the AI writing the code being tested. Put
               | into an adversarial and critical mode, the same model
               | outputs very different results.
        
               | disiplus wrote:
               | Even if its a different session it can be enough. But
               | that said i had times where it rewrote tests "because my
               | implementation was now different so the tests needed to
               | be updated" so you have to prompt even that to tell it to
               | not touch the tests.
        
               | xmcqdpt2 wrote:
               | and then verify that it obeyed the prompt!
               | 
               | Someone needs to build an agentic tool that does strict,
               | enforced TDD.
        
               | t43562 wrote:
               | IMO the reason neither of them can really write entirely
               | trustworthy tests is that they don't have domain
               | knowledge so they write the test based on what the code
               | does plus what they extract from some prompts rather than
               | based on some abstract understanding of what it should do
               | given that it's being used e.g. in a nuclear power
               | station or for promoting cat videos or in a hospital or
               | whatever.
               | 
               | Obviously this is only partially true but it's true
               | enough.
               | 
               | It takes humans quite a long time to learn the external
               | context that lets them write good tests IMO. We have
               | trouble feeding enough context into AIs to give them
               | equal ability. One is often talking about companies where
               | nobody bothers to write down more than 1/20th of what is
               | needed to be an effective developer. So you go to some
               | place and 5 years later you might be lucky to know 80% of
               | the context in your limited area after 100s of meetings
               | and talking to people and handling customer complaints
               | etc.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Yes, some kind of spec is always needed, and if the human
               | programmer only has the spec in their head, then that's
               | going to be a problem, but it's a problem for teams of
               | humans as well.
        
               | nthj wrote:
               | We've had the sycophant problem for as long as people
               | have held power over other people, and the answer has
               | always been "put 3-5 workers in a room and make them
               | compete for the illusion of favor."
               | 
               | I have been doing this with coding agents across LLM
               | providers for a while now, with very successful results.
               | Grok seems particularly happy to tell Anthropic where
               | it's cutting corners, but I get great insights from O3
               | and Gemini too.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | >Coding is a relatively verifiable and strict task: it
               | has to pass the compiler, it has to pass the test suite,
               | it has to meet the user's requests.
               | 
               | Except the test suite isnt just something that appears
               | and the bugs dont necessarily get covered by the test
               | suite.
               | 
               | The bugginess of a lot of the software i use has spiked
               | in a very noticeable way, probably due to this.
               | 
               | >But everyone in all those fields is going to be trying
               | really really hard to enumerate all the reasons it's
               | special and AI won't work well for them.
               | 
               | No, not everyone. Half of them are trying to lean in to
               | the changing social reality.
               | 
               | The gaslighting from the executive side, on the other
               | hand, is nearly constant.
        
               | vrighter wrote:
               | Code is much much harder to check for errors than an
               | email.
               | 
               | Consider, for example, the following python code:
               | x = (5)
               | 
               | vs                   x = (5,)
               | 
               | One is a literal 5, and the other is a single element
               | tuple containing the number 5. But more importantly, both
               | are valid code.
               | 
               | Now imagine trying to spot that one missing comma among
               | the 20kloc of code one so proudly claims AI helped them
               | "write", especially if it's in a cold path. You won't see
               | it.
        
               | lock1 wrote:
               | > Code is much much harder to check for errors than an
               | email.
               | 
               | Disagree.
               | 
               | Even though performing checks on dynamic PLs is much
               | harder than on static ones, PLs are designed to be non-
               | ambiguous. There should be exactly 1 interpretation for
               | any syntactically valid expression. Your example will
               | unambiguously resolve to an error in a standard-
               | conforming Python interpreter.
               | 
               | On the other hand, natural languages are not restricted
               | by ambiguity. That's why something like Poe's law exists.
               | There's simply no way to resolve the ambiguity by just
               | staring at the words themselves, you need additional
               | information to know the author's intent.
               | 
               | In other words, an "English interpreter" cannot exist.
               | Remove the ambiguities, you get "interpreter" and you'll
               | end up with non-ambiguous, Python-COBOL-like languages.
               | 
               | With that said, I agree with your point that blindly
               | accepting 20kloc is certainly not a good idea.
        
               | vrighter wrote:
               | Tell me you've never written any python without telling
               | me you've never written any python...
               | 
               | Those are both syntactically valid lines of code. (it's
               | actually one of python's many warts). They are not
               | ambiguous in any way. one is a number, the other is a
               | tuple. They return something of a completely different
               | type.
               | 
               | My example will unambiguously NOT give an error because
               | they _are_ standard conforming. Which you would have
               | noticed had you actually took 5 seconds to try typing
               | them in the repl.
        
               | lock1 wrote:
               | > Those are both syntactically valid lines of code. (it's
               | actually one of python's many warts). They are not
               | ambiguous in any way. one is a number, the other is a
               | tuple. They return something of a completely different
               | type.
               | 
               | You just demonstrated how hard it is to "check" an email
               | or text message by missing the point of my reply.
               | > "Now imagine trying to spot that one missing comma
               | among the 20kloc of code"
               | 
               | I assume your previous comment tries to bring up Python's
               | dynamic typing & late binding nature and use it as an
               | example of how it can be problematic when someone tries
               | to blindly merge 20kloc LLM-generated Python code.
               | 
               | My reply, "Your example will unambiguously resolve to an
               | error in a standard-conforming Python interpreter." tried
               | to respond to the possibility of such an issue. Even
               | though it's probably not the program behavior you want,
               | Python, being a programming language, will be 100%
               | guaranteed to interpret it unambiguously.
               | 
               | I admit, I should have phrased it a bit more
               | unambiguously than leaving it like that.
               | 
               | Even if it's hard, you can try running a type checker to
               | statically catch such problems. Even if it's not possible
               | in cases of heavy usage of Python's dynamic typing
               | feature, you can just run it and check the behavior at
               | runtime. It might be hard to check, but not impossible.
               | 
               | On the other hand, it's impossible to perform a perfectly
               | consistent "check" on this reply or an email written in a
               | natural language, the person reading it might interpret
               | the message in a completely different way.
        
               | bartread wrote:
               | In my experience the example you give here is exactly the
               | kind of problem that AI powered code reviews are really
               | good at spotting, and especially amongst codebases with
               | tens of thousands of lines of code in them where a human
               | being might well get scrolling blindness when quickly
               | moving around them to work.
        
               | vrighter wrote:
               | The AI is the one which made the mistake in the first
               | place. Why would you assume it's guaranteed to find it?
               | 
               | The few times I've tried giving LLMs a shot I've had them
               | warning me of not putting some validations in, when that
               | exact validation was exactly 1 line below where they
               | stopped looking.
               | 
               | And even if it did pass an AI code review, that's
               | meaningless anyway. It still needs to be reviewed by an
               | actual human before putting it into production. And that
               | person would still get scrolling blindness whether or not
               | the ai "reviewer" actually detected the error or not.
        
               | bartread wrote:
               | > The AI is the one which made the mistake in the first
               | place. Why would you assume it's guaranteed to find it?
               | 
               | I _didn 't_ say they were guaranteed to find it: I said
               | they were really good at finding these sorts of errors.
               | Not perfect: just really good. I also _didn 't_ make any
               | assumption: I said _in my experience_ , by which I mean
               | the code you shared is similar to a portion of the errors
               | that I've seen LLMs find.
               | 
               | Which LLMs have you used for code generation?
               | 
               | I mostly use claude-opus-4-6 at the moment for
               | development, and have had mostly good experiences. This
               | is not to say it never gets anything wrong, but I'm
               | definitely more productive with it than without it. On
               | GitHub I've been using Copilot for more limited tasks as
               | an agent: I find it's decent at code review, but more
               | variable at fixing problems it finds, and so I quite
               | often opt for manual fixes.
               | 
               | And then the other question is, how do you use them? I
               | tend to keep them on quite a short leash, so I don't give
               | them huge tasks, and on those occasions where I am doing
               | something larger or more complex, I tend to write out
               | quite a detailed and prescriptive prompt (which might
               | take 15 minutes to do, but then it'll go and spend 10
               | minutes to generate code that might have taken me several
               | hours to write "the old way").
        
             | protocolture wrote:
             | Would hardly drag Graeber into this, theres a laundry list
             | of issues with his research.
             | 
             | Most "Bullshit Jobs" can already be automated, but can isnt
             | always should or will. Graeber is a capex thinker in an
             | opex world.
        
             | jama211 wrote:
             | I think it's more likely that the same amount of work is
             | getting done, just it's far less taxing. And that averages
             | are funny things, for developers it's undeniably a huge
             | boost, but for others it's creating friction.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > but the work itself simply has no discernable economic
             | value? This is argued at length in Grebber's Bullshit Jobs
             | essay and book.
             | 
             | That book was very different than what I expected from all
             | of the internet comment takes about it. The premise was
             | really thin and did't actually support the idea that the
             | jobs don't generate value. It was comparing to a
             | hypothetical world where everything is perfectly organized,
             | everyone is perfectly behaved, everything is perfectly
             | ordered, and therefore we don't have to have certain jobs
             | that only exist to counter other imperfect things in
             | society.
             | 
             | He couldn't even keep that straight, though. There's a part
             | where he argues that open source work is valuable but
             | corporate programmers are doing bullshit work that isn't
             | socially productive because they're connecting disparate
             | things together with glue code? It didn't make sense and
             | you could see that he didn't really understand software,
             | other than how he imagined it fitting into his idealized
             | world where everything anarchist and open source is good
             | and everything corporate and capitalist is bad. Once you
             | see how little he understands about a topic you're familiar
             | with, it's hard to unsee it in his discussions of
             | everything else.
             | 
             | That said, he still wasn't arguing that the work didn't
             | generate economic value. Jobs that don't provide value for
             | a company are cut, eventually. They exist because the
             | company gets more benefit out of the job existing than it
             | costs to employ those people. The "bullshit jobs" idea was
             | more about feelings and notions of societal impact than
             | economic value.
        
               | ccortes wrote:
               | > It was comparing to a hypothetical world where
               | everything is perfectly organized, everyone is perfectly
               | behaved, everything is perfectly ordered, and therefore
               | we don't have to have certain jobs that only exist to
               | counter other imperfect things in society.
               | 
               | > Jobs that don't provide value for a company are cut,
               | eventually.
               | 
               | Uhm, seems like Greaber is not the only one drawing
               | conclusions from a hypothetical perfect world
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | Greaber's best book is his ethnography "Lost People" and
               | it's one of his least read works. Bullshit Jobs was never
               | intended to be read as seriously as it is criticized.
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | Honestly this is how every critique of Graeber goes in my
               | experience: As soon as his works are discussed beyond
               | surface level, the goalposts start zooming around so fast
               | that nothing productive can be discussed.
               | 
               | I tried to respond to the specific conversation about
               | Bullshit Jobs above. In my experience, the way this book
               | is brought up so frequently in online conversations is
               | used as a prop for whatever the commenter wants it to
               | mean, not what the book actually says.
               | 
               | I think Graeber did a fantastic job of picking "bullshit
               | jobs" as a topic because it sounds like something that
               | everyone implicitly understands, but how it's used in
               | conversation and how Graeber actually wrote about the
               | topic are basically two different things
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | Well said - thanks for the reply.
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | Hmmm, I got something different. I thought that Bullshit
               | Jobs was based on people who self reported that their
               | jobs were pointless. He detailed these types of jobs, the
               | negative psychological impact this can have on employees,
               | and the kicker was that these jobs don't make sense
               | economically, the bureaucratization of the health care
               | and education sectors for example, in contrast so many
               | other professions that actually are useful. Other
               | examples were status-symbol employees, sycophants, duct-
               | tapers, etc.
               | 
               | I thought he made a case for both societal and economic
               | impact.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > They exist because the company gets more benefit out of
               | the job existing than it costs to employ those people.
               | 
               | Not necessarily, I've seen a lot of jobs that were just
               | flying under the radar. Sort of like a cockroach that
               | skitters when light is on but roams freely in the dark.
        
               | WJW wrote:
               | It's just a self-built UBI.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > There's a part where he argues that open source work is
               | valuable but corporate programmers are doing bullshit
               | work that isn't socially productive because they're
               | connecting disparate things together with glue code?
               | 
               | I don't know if maybe he wasn't explaining it well
               | enough, but that kind of reasoning makes some sense.
               | 
               | A lot of code is written because you want the output from
               | Foo to be the input to Bar and then you need some glue to
               | put them together. This is pretty common when Foo and Bar
               | are made by different people. With open source, someone
               | writes the glue code, publishes it, and then nobody else
               | has to write it because they just use what's published.
               | 
               | In corporate bureaucracies, Company A writes the glue
               | code but then doesn't publish it, so Company B which has
               | the same problem has to write it again, but they don't
               | publish it either. A hundred companies are then doing the
               | work that only really needed to be done once, which makes
               | for 100 times as much work, a 1% efficiency rate and 99
               | bullshit jobs.
        
               | EliRivers wrote:
               | "They exist because the company gets more benefit out of
               | the job existing than it costs to employ those people."
               | 
               | Sure, but there's no such thing as "the company." That's
               | shorthand - a convenient metaphor for a particular bunch
               | of people doing some things. So those jobs can exist if
               | some people - even one person - gets more benefit out of
               | the job existing than it costs that person to employ
               | them. For example, a senior manager padding his
               | department with non-jobs to increase headcount, because
               | it gives him increased prestige and power, and the cost
               | to him of employing that person is zero. Will those jobs
               | get cut "eventually"? Maybe, but I've seen them go on for
               | decades.
        
               | wolvesechoes wrote:
               | > The "bullshit jobs" idea was more about feelings and
               | notions of societal impact than economic value.
               | 
               | But he states that expressis verbis, so your discovery is
               | not that spectacular.
               | 
               | Although he gives examples of jobs, or some aspects of
               | jobs, that _don 't help to deliver what specific
               | institutions aim to deliver_. Example would be
               | bureaucratization of academia.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Bullshit Jobs is one of those "just so" stories that seems
             | truthy but doesn't stand up to any critical evaluation.
             | Companies are obviously not hesitant to lay off
             | unproductive workers. While in large enterprises there is
             | some level of empire building where managers hire more
             | workers than necessary just to inflate their own
             | importance, in the long run those businesses fall to leaner
             | competitors.
        
               | ccortes wrote:
               | > in the long run those businesses fall to leaner
               | competitors
               | 
               | This is not true at all. You can find plenty of examples
               | going either way but it's far from truth from being a
               | universal reality
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | It's only after decades of experience and hindsight that
               | you realize that a lot of the important work we spend our
               | time on has extremely limited long-term value.
               | 
               | Maybe you're lucky enough to be doing cutting edge
               | research or do something that really seriously impacts
               | human beings, but I've done plenty of "mission critical
               | right fucking now" work that a week from now (or even
               | hours from now, when I worked for a content marketing
               | business) is beyond irrelevant. It's an amazing thing
               | watching marketing types set money on fire burning super
               | expensive developer time (but salaried, so they discount
               | the cost to zero) just to make their campaigns like 2-3%
               | more efficient.
               | 
               | I've intentionally sat on plenty of projects that
               | somebody was pushing really hard for because they thought
               | it was the absolute right necessary thing at the time and
               | the stakeholder realized was pointless/worthless after a
               | good long shit and shower. This one move has saved
               | literally man years of work to be done and IMO is the #1
               | most important skill people need to learn ("when to just
               | do nothing").
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > Companies are obviously not hesitant to lay off
               | unproductive workers.
               | 
               | Companies are obviously not hesitant to lay off anyone,
               | especially for cost saving. It is interesting how you
               | think that people are laid off because they're
               | unproductive.
        
             | fdefitte wrote:
             | This is an underrated take. If you make someone 3x faster
             | at producing a report nobody reads, you've improved
             | nothing. The real gains from AI show up when it changes
             | what work gets done, not just how fast existing work
             | happens. Most companies are still in the "do the same stuff
             | but with AI" phase.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | Not a phase, I'd argue that 90% of modern jobs are
               | bullshit to keep cattle occupied and economy rolling.
        
               | yoyohello13 wrote:
               | Your claim and the claims that all white collar jobs are
               | going to disappear in 12-18 months cannot both be true. I
               | guess we will see.
        
               | beeflet wrote:
               | I think they can both be true. Perhaps the innovation of
               | AI is not that it automates important work, but because
               | it forces people to question if the work has already been
               | automated or is even necessary.
        
               | onion2k wrote:
               | It's possible to automate the pointless stuff without
               | realising it's pointless.
        
               | therein wrote:
               | Made me think of this.
               | 
               | https://imgur.com/T4DAGG8
        
               | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
               | Imgur is banned on UK.
               | 
               | I recommend using https://catbox.moe/ which can even use
               | remote-links so pasting the imgur link in it can also
               | work.
               | 
               | https://files.catbox.moe/4dhvok.jpeg
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | > Imgur is banned on UK.
               | 
               | It's the other way round, Imgur banned UK access so that
               | they wouldn't have to worry about the UK's stupid,
               | authoritarian Online "Safety" Act.
        
               | snickerer wrote:
               | The question is: did the fake numbers make any
               | difference? Were the management decisions based on them
               | better or worse?
        
               | zzrrt wrote:
               | Well, if a lot of it is bullshit that can also be done
               | more efficiently with AI, then 99% of white collar roles
               | could be eliminated by the 1% using AI, and essentially
               | both were very close to true.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Jobs you don't notice or understand often look pointless.
               | HR on the surface seems unimportant, but you'd notice if
               | the company stopped having health insurance or sending
               | your taxes to the IRS etc etc.
               | 
               | In the end when jobs are done right they seem to
               | disappear. We notice crappy software or a poorly done
               | HVAC system not clean carpets.
        
               | jdasdf wrote:
               | > HR on the surface seems unimportant, but you'd notice
               | if the company stopped having health insurance or sending
               | your taxes to the IRS etc etc.
               | 
               | Interesting on how the very example you give for "oh this
               | job isn't really bullshit" ultimately ends up being
               | useless for the business itself, and exists only as a
               | result of regulation.
               | 
               | No, health insurance being provided by employers, or tax
               | withholding aren't useful things for anyone, except for
               | the state who now offloads its costs onto private
               | businesses.
        
               | samultio wrote:
               | Only result of regulation, that statement invalidates
               | probably a majority of modern work, and like every legal
               | professional.
        
               | jdasdf wrote:
               | i agree.
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | This just highlights the absurdity of having your
               | employer responsible for your health insurance and
               | managing your taxes for you.
               | 
               | These should be handled by the government, equally for
               | all.
        
               | drnick1 wrote:
               | > These should be handled by the government, equally for
               | all.
               | 
               | This is certainly possible, but it's called communism.
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | No. Private insurance could still be an option.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Moving some function to the government doesn't eliminate
               | the need for it. Something would still need to tell the
               | government what you're paid unless you're advocating for
               | anarchy or communism.
               | 
               | Also, part of that etc is doing payroll so there's some
               | reason for you to show up at work every day.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > HR on the surface seems unimportant, but you'd notice
               | if the company stopped having health insurance or sending
               | your taxes to the IRS etc etc.
               | 
               | That's not why companies have HR; sure, it's a nice
               | _side-effect_ , but it's not the reason for HR.
               | 
               | HR exists primarily to protect the company from the
               | employees.
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | I emailed HR and asked what to do to best ask for leave
               | in case of a future event (serious illness with a family
               | member, I just wanted to be one step ahead and make sure
               | I did everything right even in the state of grief).
               | 
               | HR wouldn't tell me what would be the best and most
               | correct course of action, the only thing that they said
               | was that it was my responsibility as an employee to find
               | out. Well, what did they think I was doing.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Side effect seems like an odd way to describe what's
               | going on when these functions are required for a company
               | to operate.
               | 
               | Companies don't survive if nobody is paid to show up
               | every day or if they keep paying every single ex employee
               | that ever worked for the company. It's harder to attract
               | new employees if you don't offer competitive salaries or
               | benefits. HR is a tiny part of most companies, but
               | without that work being done the company would absolutely
               | fail.
               | 
               | Similarly a specific ratio of flight attendants to
               | passengers are required by the FAA in case of an
               | emergency. Airlines use them for other stuff but they
               | wouldn't have nearly as many if the job was just passing
               | out food.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Not a phase, I'd argue that 90% of modern jobs are
               | bullshit to keep cattle occupied and economy rolling.
               | 
               | Cattle? You actually think that about other people?
        
               | wao0uuno wrote:
               | I think what he meant was that the top 1% ruling class is
               | keeping those bullshit jobs around to keep the poor
               | people (their cattle) occupied so they won't have time
               | and energy to think and revolt.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Or for everyone in chain of command to have people to
               | rule over. A common want for many in leadership
               | positions. At least two ways, you want to control people.
               | And your value to your peers is the amount of people or
               | resources you control.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It is bullshit argunent. The 1% is seeking to fire as
               | many people as possible and with pleasure.
               | 
               | We dont matter to them, one was or the other. They dont
               | see us as a threat, just as bugs.
        
               | KoftaBob wrote:
               | It seems more like they're implying it's those at the top
               | think that about other people.
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | Nope, the entire statement betrays a combination of
               | ignorance and arrogance that is best explained by them
               | seeing most everyone else as beneath them.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | Hard miss. GP is right, and your assumptions say more
               | about you than about me. :^)
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | My observation is about what your assumptions say about
               | you, and that's not a miss.
               | 
               | Nobody really understands a job they haven't done
               | themselves, and "arguing" that 90% of them are "bullshit"
               | has no other possible explanation than a combination of
               | ignorance (you don't understand the jobs well enough to
               | judge whether they are useful) and arrogance (you think
               | you can make that judgement better than the 90% of people
               | doing those jobs).
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > Nobody really understands a job they haven't done
               | themselves, and "arguing" that 90% of them are "bullshit"
               | has no other possible explanation than a combination of
               | ignorance (you don't understand the jobs well enough to
               | judge whether they are useful) and arrogance (you think
               | you can make that judgement better than the 90% of people
               | doing those jobs).
               | 
               | That's fine if you disagree, I'm not aiming to be the
               | authority on bullshit jobs.
               | 
               | This doesn't change the fact that you and I are cattle
               | for corpo/neo-feudals.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Hard miss. GP is right, and your assumptions say more
               | about you than about me. :^)
               | 
               | No. If that's the case, your statement was unclear: since
               | you didn't specify _who else_ thinks those people were
               | cattle, the implication is that _you_ think it.
               | _Especially_ since you prefaced your statement with  "I'd
               | argue."
               | 
               | And the interpretation...
               | 
               | > It seems more like they're implying it's those at the
               | top think that about other people.
               | 
               | ...beggars belief. What indication has "the top" given to
               | show they have that kind of foresight and control? The
               | closest is the AI-bros advocacy of UBI, which (for the
               | record) has gone nowhere.
               | 
               | I was half a mind to point that out in my original
               | comment, but didn't get around to it.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > No. If that's the case, your statement was unclear:
               | since you didn't specify who else thinks those people
               | were cattle, the implication is that you think it.
               | Especially since you prefaced your statement with "I'd
               | argue."
               | 
               | I never said it was clear? Two commenters got it right,
               | two wrong, so it wasn't THAT unobvious.
               | 
               | > What indication has "the top" given to show they have
               | that kind of foresight and control? The closest is the
               | AI-bros advocacy of UBI, which (for the record) has gone
               | nowhere.
               | 
               | Tech bros selling "no more software engineers" to cost
               | optimizers, dictatorships in US, Russia, China pressing
               | with their heels on our freedoms, Europe cracking down on
               | encryption, Dutch trying to tax unrealized (!) gains, do
               | I really need to continue?
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | >> What indication has "the top" given to show they have
               | that kind of foresight and control? The closest is the
               | AI-bros advocacy of UBI, which (for the record) has gone
               | nowhere.
               | 
               | > Tech bros selling "no more software engineers" to cost
               | optimizers, dictatorships in US, Russia, China pressing
               | with their heels on our freedoms, Europe cracking down on
               | encryption, Dutch trying to tax unrealized (!) gains, do
               | I really need to continue?
               | 
               | All those things are non sequiturs, though, some
               | _directly contradicting the statement I was responding
               | to, as you claim it should be interpreted_. If  "90% of
               | modern jobs are bullshit _to keep cattle occupied_ " that
               | implies "the top" deliberately engineered (or at least
               | maintains) an economy where 90% jobs are bullshit
               | (unnecessary). But that's obviously not the case, as the
               | priority of "the top" is to gather more money to
               | themselves in the short to medium term, and they very
               | frequently cut jobs to accomplish that. "Tech bros
               | selling "no more software engineers" to cost optimizers,"
               | is a new iteration of that. If "the top" was really
               | trying "to keep cattle occupied" they wouldn't be cutting
               | jobs left and right.
               | 
               | We don't live in a command economy, there's no group of
               | people with an incentive to create "bullshit" jobs "to
               | keep cattle occupied."
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | You know, that would almost be fine if everyone could
               | afford a home and food and some pleasures.
        
               | injidup wrote:
               | Maybe the take is that those reports that people took a
               | day to write were read by nobody in the first place and
               | now those reports are being written faster and more of
               | them are being produced but still nobody reads them. Thus
               | productivity doesn't change. The solution is to get rid
               | of all the people who write and process reports and
               | empower the people who actually produce stuff to do it
               | better.
        
               | beAbU wrote:
               | The managerial class are like cats and closed doors.
               | 
               | Ofcourse they don't read the reports, who has time to
               | read it? But don't even think about not sending the
               | report, they like to have the _option_ of reading it if
               | they choose to do so.
               | 
               | A closed door removes agency from a cat, an absent report
               | removes agency from a manager.
        
               | laserlight wrote:
               | > Thus productivity doesn't change.
               | 
               | Indeed, productivity has decreased, because now there's
               | more output that is waste and you are paying to generate
               | that excess waste.
        
               | patrickk wrote:
               | > The solution is to get rid of all the people who write
               | and process reports and empower the people who actually
               | produce stuff to do it better.
               | 
               | That's the solution if you're the business owner.
               | 
               | That's _definitely_ not the solution if you're a manager
               | in charge of this useless activity, in fact, you should
               | increase the amount of reports being written as much as
               | humanly possible. The more underlings under you= more
               | power and prestige.
               | 
               | This is the principal-agent problem writ large. As the
               | comment mentioned above, also see Graeber's Bullshit Jobs
               | essay and book.
        
               | Stromgren wrote:
               | And if you make someone 3x faster at producing a report
               | that 100 people has to read, but it now takes 10% longer
               | to read and understand, you've lost overall value.
        
               | anon-3988 wrote:
               | You are forgetting that they are now going to use AI to
               | summarize it back.
        
               | kombookcha wrote:
               | This is one of my major concerns about people trying to
               | use these tools for 'efficiency'. The only plausible
               | value in somebody writing a huge report and somebody else
               | reading it is information transfer. LLM's are notoriously
               | bad at this. The noise to signal ratio is unacceptably
               | high, and you will be worse off reading the summary than
               | if you skimmed the first and last pages. In fact, you
               | will be worse off than if you did nothing at all.
               | 
               | Using AI to output noise and learn nothing at breakneck
               | speeds is worse than simply looking out the window,
               | because you now have a false sense of security about your
               | understanding of the material.
               | 
               | Relatedly, I think people get the sense that 'getting
               | better at prompting' is purely a one-way issue of
               | training the robot to give better outputs. But you are
               | also training yourself to only ask the sorts of questions
               | that it can answer well. Those questions that it will no
               | longer occur to you to ask (not just of the robot, but of
               | yourself) might be the most pertinent ones!
        
               | birdsongs wrote:
               | > LLM's are notoriously bad at this. The noise to signal
               | ratio is unacceptably high
               | 
               | I could go either way on the future of this, but if you
               | take the argument that we're still early days, this may
               | not hold. They're notoriously bad at this _so far_.
               | 
               | We could still be in the PC DOS 3.X era in this timeline.
               | Wait until we hit the Windows 3.1, or 95 equivalent.
               | Personally, I have seen shocking improvements in the past
               | 3 months with the latest models.
        
               | mcny wrote:
               | I would like to see the day when the context size is in
               | gigabytes or tens of billions of tokens, not RAG or
               | whatever, actual context.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I would like to see the day when the context size is in
               | gigabytes or tens of billions of tokens, not RAG or
               | whatever, actual context.
               | 
               | Might not make a difference. I believe we are already at
               | the point of negative returns - doubling context from
               | 800k tokens to 1600k tokens loses a larger percentage of
               | context than halving it from 800k tokens to 400k tokens.
        
               | riskable wrote:
               | Context size helps _some_ things but generally speaking,
               | it just slows everything down. Instead of huge contexts,
               | what we need is _actual reasoning_.
               | 
               | I predict that in the next two to five years we're going
               | to see a breakthrough in AI that _doesn 't_ involve LLMs
               | but makes them 10x more effective at reasoning and
               | completely eliminates the hallucination problem.
               | 
               | We currently have "high thinking" models that double and
               | triple-check their own output and we call that
               | "reasoning" but that's not really what it's doing. It's
               | just passing its own output through itself a few times
               | and hoping that it catches mistakes. It _kind of_ works,
               | but it 's very slow and takes a lot more resources.
               | 
               | What we need instead is a _reasoning model_ that can be
               | called upon to perform logic-based tests on LLM output or
               | even better, _before_ the output is generated (if that 's
               | even possible--not sure if it is).
               | 
               | My guess is that it'll end up something like a "logic-
               | trained" model instead of a "shitloads of raw data
               | trained" model. Imagine a couple terabytes of truth
               | statements like, "rabbits are mammals" and "mammals have
               | mammary glands." Then, whenever the LLM wants to generate
               | output suggesting someone put rocks on pizza, it fails
               | the internal truth check, "rocks are not edible by
               | humans" or even better, "rocks are not suitable as a
               | pizza topping" which it had placed into the training data
               | set as a result of regression testing.
               | 
               | Over time, such a "logic model" would grow and grow--just
               | like a human mind--until it did a pretty good job at
               | reasoning.
        
               | 2snakes wrote:
               | Wasn't this idea the basic premise of coq? Why didn't it
               | work?
        
               | kombookcha wrote:
               | Personally I strongly doubt it. Since the nature of LLM's
               | does not allow them semantic content or context, I
               | believe it is inherently a tool unsuited for this task.
               | As far as I can tell, it's a limitation of the technology
               | itself, not of the amount of power behind it.
               | 
               | Either way, being able to generate or compress loads of
               | text very quickly with no understanding of the contents
               | simply is not the bottleneck of information transfer
               | between human beings.
        
               | birdsongs wrote:
               | Yeah, definitely more skeptical for communication
               | pipelines.
               | 
               | But for coding, the latest models are able to read my
               | codebase for context, understand my question, and
               | implement a solution with nuance, using existing
               | structures and paradigms. It hasn't missed since January.
               | 
               | One of them even said: "As an embedded engineer, you will
               | appreciate that ...". I had never told it that was my
               | title, it is nowhere in my soul.md or codebase. It just
               | inferred that _I_ , the user, was one. Based on the arm
               | toolchain and code.
               | 
               | It was a bit creepy, tbh. They can definitely infer
               | context to some degree.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > We could still be in the PC DOS 3.X era in this
               | timeline. Wait until we hit the Windows 3.1, or 95
               | equivalent. Personally, I have seen shocking improvements
               | in the past 3 months with the latest models.
               | 
               | While we're speculating, here's mine: we're in the
               | Windows 7 phase of AI.
               | 
               | IOW, everything from this point on might be better tech,
               | but is going to be worse in practice.
        
               | butlike wrote:
               | First impressions are everything. It's going to be hard
               | to claw back good will without a complete branding
               | change. But... where do you go from 'AI'???
        
               | kykeonaut wrote:
               | > Those questions that it will no longer occur to you to
               | ask (not just of the robot, but of yourself) might be the
               | most pertinent ones!
               | 
               | That is true, but then again also with google. You could
               | see why some people want to go back to the "read the
               | book" era where you didn't have google to query anything
               | and had to make the real questions.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | Yep. The other way it can have net no impact is if it
               | saves thousand of hours of report drafting and reading
               | but misses the one salient fact buried in the
               | observations that could actually save the company money.
               | Whilst completely nailing the fluff.
        
               | crabmusket wrote:
               | It reminds me of that Apple ad where a guy just rocks up
               | to a meeting completely unprepared and spits out an AI
               | summary to all his coworkers. Great job Apple, thanks for
               | proving Graeber right all along.
        
               | micik wrote:
               | > Using AI to output noise and learn nothing at breakneck
               | speeds is worse than simply looking out the window,
               | because you now have a false sense of security about your
               | understanding of the material.
               | 
               | i may put this into my email signature with your
               | permission, this is a whip-smart sentence.
               | 
               | and it is true. i used AI to "curate information" for me
               | when i was heads-down deep in learning mode, about sound
               | and music.
               | 
               | there was enough all-important info being omitted, i soon
               | realized i was developing a textbook case of superficial,
               | incomplete knowledge.
               | 
               | i stopped using AI and did it all over again through
               | books and learning by doing. in retrospect, i'm glad to
               | have had that experience because it taught me something
               | about knowledge and learning.
               | 
               | mostly that something boils down to RTFM. a good manual
               | or technical book written by an expert doesn't have a lot
               | of fluff. what exactly are you expecting the AI to do?
               | zip the rar file? it will do something, it might look
               | great, lossless compression it will be not.
               | 
               | P.S. not a prompt skill issue. i was up to date on
               | cutting edge prompting techniques and using multiple
               | frontier models. i was developing an app using local
               | models and audio analysis AI-powered libraries. in other
               | words i was up to my neck immersed in AI.
               | 
               | after i grokked as much as i could, given my limited math
               | knowledge, of the underlying tech from reading the
               | theory, i realized the skill issue invectives don't hold
               | water. if things break exactly in the way they're
               | expected to break as per their design, it's a little too
               | much on the nose. even appealing to your impostor
               | syndrome won't work.
               | 
               | P.P.S. it's interesting how a lot of the slogans of the
               | AI party are weaponizing trauma triggers or appealing to
               | character weaknesses.
               | 
               | "hop on the train, commit fully, or you'll be left
               | behind" > fear of abandonment trigger
               | 
               | "pah, skill issue. my prompts on the other hand...i'm
               | afraid i can't share them as this IP is making me
               | millions of passive income as we speak (i know you won't
               | probe further cause asking a person about their finances
               | is impolite)" > imposter syndrome inducer par excellence,
               | also FOMO -- thinking to yourself "how long can the gold
               | rush last? this person is raking it in!! what am i doing?
               | the miserable sod i am"
               | 
               | 1. outlandish claims (Claude writes ALL the code) noone
               | can seem to reproduce, and indeed everyone non-affiliated
               | is having a very different experience
               | 
               | 2. some of the darkest patterns you've seen in marketing
               | are the key tenets of the gospel
               | 
               | 3. it's probably a duck.
               | 
               | i've been 100% clear on the grift since October '25.
               | Steve Eisman of the "Big Short" was just hopping onto the
               | hype train back then. i thought...oh. how much analysis
               | does this guru of analysts really make? now Steve sings
               | of AI panic and blood in the streets.
               | 
               | these things really make you think, about what an economy
               | even _is_. it sure doesn 't seem to have a lot to do with
               | supply and demand, products and services, and all those
               | archaisms.
        
               | Dan_- wrote:
               | > LLM's are notoriously bad at this. The noise to signal
               | ratio is unacceptably high...
               | 
               | I keep seeing this statement in threads about AI, and
               | maybe it's just from you, but high SNR is a good thing.
               | 
               | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio
               | 
               | I think the rest of your post is very valid. It's the
               | mental equivalent of this article
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47049088
        
               | kombookcha wrote:
               | Hah, you got me there! I'll try to keep the ratio flipped
               | correctly next time ;)
               | 
               | I read that article recently, so the similarities might
               | not be entirely coincidental. 'JPEG of thought' is gonna
               | stay in my vocabulary for a while.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Except they didn't say signal-to-noise, they said noise-
               | to-signal. And if the NSR is unacceptably high, that
               | means the SNR is unacceptably low.
               | 
               | Two inverses do make a right, it seems.
        
               | jorvi wrote:
               | Hehe, yeah there's some terms that just are
               | linguistically unintuitive.
               | 
               | "Skill floor" is another one. People generally interpret
               | that one as "must be at least this tall to ride", but it
               | actually means "amount of effort that translates to
               | result". Something that has a high skill floor (if you
               | write "high floor of skill" it makes more sense) means
               | that with very little input you can gain a lot of result.
               | Whereas a low skill floor means something behaves more
               | linearly, where very little input only gains very little
               | result.
               | 
               | Even though its just the antonym, "skill ceiling" is much
               | more intuitive in that regard.
        
               | Gracana wrote:
               | Are you sure about skill floor? I've only ever heard it
               | used to describe the skill required to get into
               | something, and skill ceiling describes the highest level
               | of mastery. I've never heard your interpretation, and it
               | doesn't make sense to me.
        
               | bavell wrote:
               | I've also never heard that use of "skill floor" before.
               | The "floor/ceiling" descriptors imply min/max
               | constraints.
        
               | JimboOmega wrote:
               | One thing AI should eliminate is the "proof of work"
               | reports. Sometimes the long report is not meant to be
               | read, but used as proof somebody has thoroughly thought
               | through various things (captured by, for instance,
               | required sections).
               | 
               | When AI is doing that, it loses all value as a proof of
               | work (just as it does for a school report).
               | 
               | My AI writes for your AI to read is low value. But there
               | is probably still some value in "My AI takes these notes
               | and makes them into a concise readable doc".
        
               | SpaceNoodled wrote:
               | So what we now have is a very expensive and energy-
               | intensive method for inflating data in a lossy manner.
               | Incredible.
        
               | amoss wrote:
               | Remarkably it has only cost a few trillion dollars to get
               | here!
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | don't forget the insane costs to stay here
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | This reminds me of that "telephone" kids game.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_game
        
               | mold_aid wrote:
               | So a circular economy in which you _add_ mistakes
        
               | harshreality wrote:
               | An economy of the LLMs, by the LLMs, for the LLMs, shall
               | not perish from the Earth.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Rather poignant actually. By replacing people with LLM's,
               | you've just made the economy as a whole something which
               | can be owned.
        
               | forinti wrote:
               | For all the technology we develop, we rarely invest in
               | processes. Once in a blue moon some country decides to
               | revamp its bureaucracy, when it should really be a
               | continuous effort (in the private sector too).
               | 
               | OTOH, what happens continuously is that technology is
               | used to automate bureaucracy and even allows it to grow
               | some complexity.
        
               | OkayPhysicist wrote:
               | See, this is an opportunity. Company provides AI tool,
               | monitors for cases where AI output is being fed as AI
               | input. In such cases, flag the entire process for
               | elimination.
        
               | seanhunter wrote:
               | What happens if (and I suspect this to be increasingly
               | the case now) you make someone 3x faster at producing a
               | report that nobody reads _and_ those people now use LLMs
               | to not read the report whereas they were not reading it
               | in person before?
               | 
               | Then everyone saves time, which they can spend producing
               | more things which other people will not read and/or not
               | reading the things that other people produce (using
               | llms)?
               | 
               | Productivity through the roof.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Now you know why GDP is higher than ever and people are
               | poorer than ever.
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | Mmm I can't wait to get home and grill up some
               | Productivity for dinner. We'll have so much Productivity
               | and no jobs. Hopefully our billionaire overlords deign to
               | feed us.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | > Hopefully our billionaire overlords deign to feed us.
               | 
               | Eat the Rich
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | What a load of nonsense, they won't be producing a report
               | in a third of the time only to have no-one read it.
               | They'll spend the same amount of time and produce a
               | report three times the length, which will then go unread.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | And the fact that you can make it 3x faster substantially
               | increases the chances that nobody will read it in the
               | first place.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > The real gains from AI show up when it changes what
               | work gets done, not just how fast existing work happens.
               | 
               | Sadly AI is only capable of doing work that has already
               | been done, thousands of times.
        
               | NoLinkToMe wrote:
               | Not necessarily. You could have 100 FTE on reports
               | instead of 300 FTE in a large company like a bank. That
               | means 200 people who'd normally go into reporting jobs
               | over the next decade, will go into something else,
               | producing something else ontop of the reports that
               | continue to be produced. The sum of this is more
               | production.
               | 
               | Looking at job numbers that seems to be happening. A lot
               | less employment needed, freeing up people to do other
               | things.
        
               | b40d-48b2-979e wrote:
               | Looking at job numbers
               | 
               | That is a wild take given the recession we're basically
               | in from bad US policy like tariffs.
        
               | NoLinkToMe wrote:
               | Actually job numbers are depressed (hiring recession) and
               | GDP numbers are still way up, both precisely due to the
               | AI investment. More output with fewer people.
               | 
               | Wild take to cite a recession when last quarter growth
               | was 4.4%.
        
               | b40d-48b2-979e wrote:
               | "The economy" is not GDP.
        
               | JoelMcCracken wrote:
               | I'm not in favor of these tariffs. At all. However, it
               | seems that they haven't had such an impact yet on the
               | economy, at least regarding consumer prices. You'd expect
               | much larger inflation given the tariffs IIUC.
               | 
               | My current understanding of the general consensus is that
               | many companies have been eating the tariffs with the hope
               | SCOTUS will strike them. If they are upheld, prices will
               | likely rise significantly
        
               | weatherlite wrote:
               | > This is an underrated take. If you make someone 3x
               | faster at producing a report nobody reads, you've
               | improved nothing
               | 
               | In the private market are there really so many companies
               | delivering reports no one reads ? Why would management
               | keep at it then ? The goal is to maximize profits. Now
               | sure there are pockets of inefficiency even in the
               | private sector but surely not that much - whatever the
               | companies are doing - someone is buying it from them,
               | otherwise they fail. That's capitalism. Yes there is
               | perhaps 20% of employees who don't pull their weight but
               | its not the majority.
        
               | cucumber3732842 wrote:
               | >In the private market are there really so many companies
               | delivering reports no one reads ?
               | 
               | Just this month the hospital in my municipality submitted
               | an application to put in a new concrete pad for a new
               | generator beside the old one that they, per the
               | application, intend to retire/remove and replace with a
               | storage shed on it's pad once the new one is operational.
               | 
               | Full page intro about how the hospital is saving the
               | world, such a great thing for the community and all
               | manner of vapid buzzword bullshit. dozens of pages of re-
               | hashing bullshit about the environmental conditions,
               | water flows down hill, etc, etc, (i.e. basically
               | reiterating stuff from when they built the facility),
               | etc, etc.
               | 
               | God knows how many people and hours it took to compile it
               | (we'll ignore the labor wasted in the public sector
               | circulating and reading it).
               | 
               | All for a project that 50yr ago wouldn't have required
               | 1/100th of the labor expenditure just to be kicked off.
               | All that labor, squandered on nothing that makes anyone
               | any richer. No goods made. No services rendered.
        
               | b40d-48b2-979e wrote:
               | Why should hospitals be for-profit organizations? Sounds
               | like all the wrong incentives.
        
               | cucumber3732842 wrote:
               | >Why should hospitals be for-profit organizations? Sounds
               | like all the wrong incentives.
               | 
               | You're conflating private ownership with the
               | organizations nominal financial structure. It has nothing
               | to do with the structure model of the organization and
               | everything to do with resources wasted on TPS reports.
               | This waste has to come from somewhere. Something is
               | necessarily being forgone whether that's profit,
               | reinvestment in the organization or competitive edge that
               | benefits the customer (e.g. lower cost or higher quality
               | for same cost). The same is true for a for profit
               | company, or any other organization.
               | 
               | FWIW the hospital is technically nonprofit as is typical
               | for hospitals. And I assure you, they still have all the
               | wrong incentives despite this.
        
               | mikkupikku wrote:
               | The cost is it taking America a billion dollars to build
               | what China can for 50 million. That's ultimately where
               | the waste accumulates.
        
               | mikkupikku wrote:
               | Best description of America's biggest long term problem
               | I've read. This shit is exactly the reason we can't build
               | anything in America anymore.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | The implication is that companies in a private market
               | can't possibly be hugely inefficient for irrational
               | reasons that can ultimately be self-harming.
               | 
               | An interesting take.
        
               | weatherlite wrote:
               | I used the term "private market" when I actually meant
               | the private sector. I just mean all labor that isn't
               | government owned - public companies, private companies
               | etc. So yes - in a reasonably functioning capitalist
               | market (which the U.S still is in my eyes) I expect gross
               | inefficiencies to not be prevalent.
        
               | generic92034 wrote:
               | > So yes - in a reasonably functioning capitalist market
               | (which the U.S still is in my eyes) I expect gross
               | inefficiencies to not be prevalent.
               | 
               | I am not sure that is true, though. Assume for a moment
               | that Google would waste 50% of their profits. Truly, a
               | huge inefficiency. However, would that make it likely
               | some other corp could take their search/ad market share
               | from them? I doubt it, given the abyss of a moat.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | True. Therefore, what?
               | 
               | One could say: True, _therefore search is not a
               | reasonably functioning capitalist market._
               | 
               | Yeah, I know, this can turn into "no true capitalist
               | market". Still, it seems reasonable to say that many
               | markets work in a certain kind of way (with lots of
               | competition), and search is not one of those markets.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | They can be irrational and ineffective. Nevertheless, if
               | LLM are useful, they would still earn more then before.
               | 
               | Regardless of their effectivity, it means LLMs are not
               | useful for them.
        
               | nananana9 wrote:
               | I don't know what to tell you aside from "just go and
               | work at a large private company and see".
               | 
               | I'm not smart enough to understand the macro-economics or
               | incentive structures that lead to this happening, but
               | I've seen many 100+ man teams that output whose output is
               | something you could reasonably expect from a 5 man team.
        
               | ImHereToVote wrote:
               | Many of these companies are fairly close to the
               | mechanisms of credit creation. That distortion can make a
               | market work very counterintuitively.
        
               | weatherlite wrote:
               | Sorry I meant to say the private sector, not sure if it
               | changes the argument though since you seem to believe
               | inefficiencies are all over the place - in public
               | companies, private etc. I've worked in tech all my life
               | and in general if you were grossly inefficient you'd get
               | fired. Now tech may be a high efficiency / low bullshit
               | industry but I'm assuming in general if you are truly
               | shit at your job you'd get fired no matter the industry.
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | The goal might be to maximize profits, but that only
               | means that managers want to make sure everyone further
               | down the chain are doing whatever they identify to be the
               | best way to accomplish that. How do you do that? Reports.
        
               | xmcqdpt2 wrote:
               | > In the private market are there really so many
               | companies delivering reports no one reads ? Why would
               | management keep at it then ?
               | 
               | In finance, you have to produce truly astounding amounts
               | of regulatory reports that won't be read... until there
               | is a crash, or a lawsuit, or an investigation etc. And
               | then they better have been right!
        
               | weatherlite wrote:
               | Got it that's a fair point - you're saying many companies
               | deal with heaps of regulations and expediting that isn't
               | really adding to productivity. I agree with you here. But
               | even if 50% of what a company does is shit no one cares
               | about - surely there's the other 50% that actually
               | matters - no? Otherwise how does the company survive
               | financially.
        
               | finghin wrote:
               | This is the natural result when the value of businesses
               | is not strongly related to their actual output.
        
               | garrickvanburen wrote:
               | The most hyped use cases for AI/LLM make me wonder, "why
               | are we doing this activity to begin with? We could just
               | not."
        
               | sevensor wrote:
               | And like the article says, early computerization produced
               | way more output than anybody could handle. In my opinion,
               | we realized the true benefits of IT when ordinary users
               | were able to produce for themselves exactly the
               | computations they needed. That is, when spreadsheets
               | became widespread. LLMs haven't had their spreadsheet
               | moment yet; their outputs are largely directed outward,
               | as if more noise meant more productivity.
        
               | zcw100 wrote:
               | I suspect that we are going to see managers say, "Hey,
               | this request is BS. I'm just going to get ChatGPT to do
               | it" while employees say, "Hey, this response is BS, I'm
               | just going to get ChatGPT to do it" and then we'll just
               | have ChatGPT talking to itself. Eventually someone will
               | notice and fire them both.
               | 
               | "What would you say you do here?" --Office Space
        
               | jasondigitized wrote:
               | Stewart Butterfield calls these ""Hyper-realistic work
               | like activities"
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | I think this is extremely common and nobody wants to admit
             | to it!
        
             | lolive wrote:
             | We made an under-the-radar optimization in a data flow in
             | my company. A given task is now much more freshData-
             | assisted that it used to.
             | 
             | Was a LLM used during that optimization? Yes.
             | 
             | Who will correlate the sudden productivity improvement with
             | our optimization of the data flow with the availability of
             | a LLM to do such optimizations fast enough that no
             | project+consultants+management is needed ?
             | 
             | No one.
             | 
             | Just like no one is evaluating the value of a hammer or a
             | ladder when you build a house.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | But you would see more houses, or housing build
               | costs/bids fall.
               | 
               | This is where the whole "show me what you built with AI"
               | meme comes from, and currently there's no substitute for
               | SWEs. Maybe next year or next next year, but mostly the
               | usage is generating boring stuff like internal tool
               | frontends, tests, etc. That's not nothing, but because
               | actually writing the code was at best 20% of the time
               | cost anyway, the gains aren't huge, and won't be until AI
               | gets into the other parts of the SDLC (or the SDLC
               | changes).
        
               | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
               | Is there a productivity improvement resulting tangible
               | economic results coming from that optimization?
               | 
               | It's easy to convince yourself that it is, and anyone can
               | massage some internal metric enough to prove their
               | desired outcome.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | CONEXPO, World of Concrete, and NAHB IBS is where vendors
               | go to show off their new ladders and the attendees
               | totally evaluate the value of those ladders vs their
               | competitors.
        
             | jen729w wrote:
             | Have had job. Can confirm.
        
             | weatherlite wrote:
             | > What if LLMs are optimizing the average office worker's
             | productivity but the work itself simply has no discernable
             | economic value?
             | 
             | I think broadly that's a paradoxical statement; improving
             | office productivity should translate to higher gdp;
             | whatever it is you're doing in some office - even if you're
             | selling paper or making bombs, if you're more productive it
             | means you're selling more (or using less resources to sell
             | the same amount); that should translate to higher gdp (at
             | least higher gdp per worker, there's the issue of what
             | happens to gdp when many workers get fired).
        
               | cucumber3732842 wrote:
               | Exactly. Even if they're doing bullshit it's a "bullshit
               | make number go up" situation.
               | 
               | Society as a whole is no better off since no value or
               | wealth was generated, but the number did go up.
               | 
               | A whole bunch of our economy is broken windows like this
               | to varying degrees.
        
             | MeteorMarc wrote:
             | David Graeber is the correct
             | spelling.https://davidgraeber.org/books/
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | This is what I have been saying for sometime. Working
             | inside different Goverment department you see this
             | happening every day. Email and report bouncing back and
             | forth with no actual added value while feeling extremely
             | productive. That is why private sector and public sector
             | generally don't mix well. It is also one reason why I said
             | in some of my previous post LLM could replace up to 70% of
             | Goverment's job.
             | 
             | Edit: If anyone haven't watched Yes Minster, you should go
             | and watch it, it is a documentary on UK Government that is
             | still true today as it was 40-50 years ago.
        
             | t43562 wrote:
             | That would be a way to get "the right answer."
             | 
             | i.e. it's not the LLM, it's that they're not being used
             | properly.
             | 
             | I get accused of the no true Scotsman argument because I
             | think agile can be done right, for example. Is work
             | bullshit because an LLM doesn't help it?
        
             | mguerville wrote:
             | And in the type of work where AI arguably yields
             | productivity gains the workers have high agency and may pay
             | for their own tooling without telling their employers. Case
             | in point, me, I have access to CoPilot via my employer but
             | don't use it because I prefer my self-paid ChatGPT
             | subscription. If Ai-lift in productivity is measured on the
             | condition that I use Copilot then the resulting metric
             | misses my AI usage entirely and my productivity improvement
             | are not attributed to their real cause.
        
             | blitzar wrote:
             | > the work itself simply has no discernable economic value
             | 
             | i'm going to need you to go ahead and come in on sunday
        
             | epiccoleman wrote:
             | At least in my experience, there's another mechanism at
             | play: people aren't making it visible if AI is speeding
             | them up. If AI means a bugfix card that would have taken a
             | day takes 15 minutes, well, that's the work day sorted. Why
             | pull another card instead of doing... something that isn't
             | work?
        
             | butlike wrote:
             | But they're not optimizing the average worker's
             | productivity. That's a silicon valley talking point. The
             | average worker, IF they use AI, ends up proofreading the
             | text for the same amount of time as it would take to write
             | the text themselves.
             | 
             | And it is of this lowly commenter's opinion that
             | proofreading for accuracy and clarity is harder than
             | writing it yourself and defending it later.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | And the reason the position and the busy work exist is to
             | have someone who is knowledgeable on the
             | topic/relationship/requirements/whatever for the edge cases
             | that come up (you don't pay me to push the button, you pay
             | me to know when to push the button). AI could be
             | technically filling a roll while its defeating the whole
             | point (familiarity, background knowledge) for a lot of
             | these roles.
        
           | 46493168 wrote:
           | >I think there are enough short term supposed benefits that
           | something should be showing there.
           | 
           | As measured by whom? The same managers who demanded we all
           | return to the office 5 days a week because the only way they
           | can measure productivity is butts in seats?
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Productivity is the ratio of outputs to inputs, both
             | measured in dollars.
        
               | tonyedgecombe wrote:
               | Productivity is the ratio of real GDP to total hours
               | worked.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | That's labor productivity, a different measure. But the
               | original article references labor productivity, so your
               | definition is more relevant.
        
               | 46493168 wrote:
               | What is the definition of input, what is the definition
               | of output, and who is responsible for measuring them?
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | The answer is different depending on your target -- are
               | you measuring the productivity of a firm, a country or
               | some other sort of entity?
        
           | azuanrb wrote:
           | $20 is not useable, need $100 plan at least for development
           | purposes. That is a lot of money for some countries. In my
           | country, that can be 1/10 of their monthly salary. Hard to
           | get approval on it. It is still too expensive right now.
        
             | iwontberude wrote:
             | Yeah it's not obvious at first but a big project will cause
             | usage to skyrocket bc of how much context it will stuff
             | with reading files. I can use my $20 subscription's 5 hour
             | limit in mere seconds.
        
           | vessenes wrote:
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | We do have a way to see the financial impact - just add up
           | Anthropic and oAI's reported revenues -> something like $30b
           | in annual run rate. Given growth rates, (stratospheric), it
           | seems reasonable to conclude informed buyers see economic
           | and/or strategic benefit in excess of their spend. I
           | certainly do!
           | 
           | That puts the benefits to the economy at just around where
           | Mastercard's benefits are, on a dollar basis. But with a lot
           | more growth. Add something in there for MS and GOOG, and
           | we're probably at least another $5b up. There are only like
           | 30 US companies with > $100bn in revenues; at current growth
           | rates, we'll see combined revenues in this range in a year.
           | 
           | All this is sort of peanuts though against 29 trillion GDP,
           | 0.3%. Well not peanuts, it's boosting the US GDP by 10% of
           | its historical growth rate, but the bull case from
           | singularity folks is like 10%+ GDP growth; if we start seeing
           | that, we'll know it.
           | 
           | All that said, there is real value being added to the economy
           | today by these companies. And no doubt a lot of time and
           | effort spent figuring out what the hell to do with it as
           | well.
        
             | mikem170 wrote:
             | Investors are optimistic, but what will this new tech be
             | used for? Advertising? Propaganda? Surveillance? Drone
             | strikes?
             | 
             | Does profitable always equal useful? Might other cultures
             | justifiably think differently, like the Amish?
        
               | vessenes wrote:
               | The Amish are skilled at getting cash from the "English"
               | as they call non-Amish. I imagine they also think that
               | the money they receive is roughly tied to value they
               | create. I wasn't talking valuations, just revenue - money
               | that CFOs and individuals spent so far, and are planning
               | on spending.
               | 
               | I also didn't talk profitable. Upshot, though, I don't
               | think it's just a US thing to say that when money
               | exchanges hands, generally both parties feel they are
               | better off, and therefore there is value implied in a
               | transaction.
               | 
               | As to what it will be used for: yes.
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | You did specify revenue. The original comment mentioned
               | benefits. I was thinking that the two are different.
        
               | vessenes wrote:
               | They are, but I was proposing they're closely correlated.
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | I've never looked at enterprise licensing, but regular
           | license wise, a Claude subscription is actually $200 a month.
           | I don't count the $20 or $100 tiers because they're too
           | limited to be useful (especially professionally!)
        
           | Zardoz84 wrote:
           | And nobody talks that the "20 bucks per worker" it's selling
           | it at loss. I'm waiting to see when they put a price that
           | expects to generate some net income...
        
             | mikkupikku wrote:
             | 20 bucks per worker could easily be profitable, depending
             | on how much the workers actually use it..
        
           | dahcryn wrote:
           | not true at all, onboarding is complex too. E.g. you cant
           | just connect claude to your outlook, or have it automate
           | stuff in your CRM. As a office drone, you don't have the
           | admin permissions to setup those connections at all.
           | 
           | And that's the point here: value is handicapped by the web
           | interface, and we are stuck there for the foreseeable future
           | until the tech teams get their priorities straight and build
           | decent data integration layers, and workflow management
           | platforms.
        
           | y42 wrote:
           | Problem is, that just having a Claude subscription doesn't
           | make you productive. Most of those talks happen in a
           | "tech'ish" environments. Not every business is about coding.
           | 
           | Real life example: A client came to me asking how to compare
           | orders against order confirmation from the vendor. They come
           | as PDF files. Which made me wonder: Wait, you don't have any
           | kind of API or at least structured data that the vendor gives
           | you?
           | 
           | Nope.
           | 
           | And here you are. I am not talking about a niche business. I
           | assume that's a broader problem. Tech can probably automate
           | everything and this since 30 years. Still business lack of
           | "proper" IT processes, because at the end every company is
           | unique and requires particular measures to be "fully"
           | onboarded to IT based improvements like that.
        
             | mikkupikku wrote:
             | Thing is, unless the order confirmations number high in the
             | thousands, most businesses could just hire an old lady with
             | secretary experience to crunch through that work manually
             | for a fraction of what it would cost them to get the whole
             | system automated.
             | 
             | I've seen this play out with time sheets. Every day factory
             | floor workers write up every job they do on time sheets,
             | paper and pencil, but management wants excel spreadsheets
             | with pretty plots. Solution? One old typist who can type up
             | all the time sheets every day. No OCR trouble, no expensive
             | developer time, if she encounters illegible numbers she
             | just cross references against the job fliers to figure it
             | out instead of throwing errors the first time a 0 looks
             | like a 6.
        
           | delaminator wrote:
           | You still need to teach a 2020s employee how to use Claude.
           | 
           | - protect yourself from data loss / secret leaks - what it
           | can and can't do - trust issues & hallucinations - Can't just
           | enable Claude for Excel and expect people to become Excel
           | wizards.
        
           | jstummbillig wrote:
           | I see no reason to believe that just handing a Claude
           | subscription to everyone in a company simply creates economic
           | benefit. I don't think it's easier than "automating customer
           | service". It's actually very strange.
           | 
           | I think it could definitely already create economic benefit,
           | after someone instructed clearly how to use it and how to
           | integrate it in your work. Most people are really not good at
           | figuring that out on their own, in a busy workday, when left
           | to their own devices and companies are just finding out where
           | the ball is moving and what to organize around too.
           | 
           | So I can totally see a lot of failed experiments and people
           | slowly figuring stuff out, and all of that not translating to
           | measurable surpluses in a corp, in a setup similar to what OP
           | laid out.
        
             | viking123 wrote:
             | I wish people in my company even used their Claude code or
             | Cursor properly rather than asking me non-sense questions
             | all the time that the model can easily answer with the
             | connected data sources. And these people are developers.
             | 
             | This shit will take like 10 years to adopt properly, at
             | least in most boomer companies.
             | 
             | I use these all the time nowadays and they are great tools
             | when utilized properly but I have hard time seeing it
             | replace functions completely due to humans having limited
             | cognitive capacity to multitask and still needing to review
             | stuff and build infra to actually utilize all this..
        
           | TimByte wrote:
           | I think the subscription price is only the visible tip of the
           | iceberg
        
           | geraneum wrote:
           | > A Claude subscription is 20 bucks per worker
           | 
           | Talking about macro economics, I don't think that number is
           | correct.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | A $20 Claude subscription lets you scratch the surface. A $20
           | Claude subscription without training means you have a lot of
           | people spending time figuring out how to use it, and then
           | maybe getting a bit of payback, but earning back that
           | training is going to take time.
           | 
           | Getting people to figure out how to enter questions is easy.
           | Getting people to a point where they don't burn up all the
           | savings by getting into unproductive conversations with the
           | agent when it gets something wrong, is not so easy.
        
           | u1hcw9nx wrote:
           | I think crazygringo mispresents Solow paradox. None of the
           | main explanations say it's the cost that removed the
           | productivity.
        
           | MSFT_Edging wrote:
           | > A Claude subscription is 20 bucks per worker
           | 
           | Only until the loans come due. We're still in the "uber
           | undercutting medalian cabs" part of the game.
        
           | MagicMoonlight wrote:
           | A computer lets you save a fortune in storage rooms, admin
           | staff, delivery fees etc. It lets you reinvent how everything
           | runs.
           | 
           | ChatGPT just lets you generate slop, that may be helpful. For
           | the vast majority of industries it doesn't actually offer
           | much. Your meme departments like HR might be able to push out
           | their slop quicker, but that doesn't improve profitability.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | "if using personal accounts"
           | 
           | InfoSec and Legal would like a word with you...
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | I'm not sure about the comparison either, but the cost of
           | operating the LLM should include the worker's wages.
           | 
           | I read an article yesterday about people working insane hours
           | at companies that have bet heavily on AI. My interpretation
           | is that a worker runs out of juice after a few hours, but the
           | AI has no limit and can work its human tender to death.
        
           | nurettin wrote:
           | > A Claude subscription is 20 bucks per worker
           | 
           | I mean, sure. If you want to use it for 20 minutes and wait
           | for two hours at a time.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | I keep seeing this argument thrown around, but API usage on
           | business plans is token spend based and can be orders of
           | magnitude more than this $20/head per month.
           | 
           | My company is spending 20-50x that much per head easily from
           | the firmwide cost numbers being reported.
           | 
           | They had to set circuit breakers because some users hit
           | $200/day.
        
         | calvinmorrison wrote:
         | > it's helping lots of people, but it's also costing an
         | extraordinary amount of money
         | 
         | Is it fair to say that wall street is betting America's
         | collective pensions on AI...
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | Very few people have pensions anymore. People now direct
           | their own retirement funds.
        
             | noddingham wrote:
             | That's what he was saying. Wall Street (the stock market)
             | are people's "pensions" now because everyone has a 401k or
             | equivalent so their retirement is tied to the market. Thus,
             | these companies are betting America's collective retirement
             | on AI...
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I thought he was talking about actual pension funds,
               | which still exist and invest large sums of money in Wall
               | Street. But make sure your 401k doesn't include AI funds
               | then. You should have a choice over what part of the
               | market to invest in.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | They're betting a lot more than that, but since all their
           | chips are externalities they don't care.
        
         | _aavaa_ wrote:
         | For more on this exact topic and an answer to Solow's Paradox,
         | see, the excellent, _The Dynamo and the Computer_ by Paul David
         | [0].
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.almendron.com/tribuna/wp-
         | content/uploads/2018/03...
        
           | gsf_emergency_6 wrote:
           | Stanford prof rebutts David's idea[0] that it's difficult to
           | extract productivity from the data
           | 
           | https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w25148/w251.
           | ..
           | 
           | I don't agree that real GDP measures what he thinks it
           | measures, but he opines
           | 
           | > _Data released this week offers a striking corrective to
           | the narrative that AI has yet to have an impact on the US
           | economy as a whole. While initial reports suggested a year of
           | steady labour expansion in the US, the new figures reveal
           | that total payroll growth was revised downward by
           | approximately 403,000 jobs. Crucially, this downward revision
           | occurred while real GDP remained robust, including a 3.7 per
           | cent growth rate in the fourth quarter. This decoupling --
           | maintaining high output with significantly lower labour input
           | -- is the hallmark of productivity growth._
           | 
           | https://www.ft.com/content/4b51d0b4-bbfe-4f05-b50a-1d485d419.
           | ..
           | 
           | [0] on the basis that IT and AI are not general technologies
           | in the mold of the dynamo, keyword "intangibles", see section
           | 4 p21, _A method to measure intangibles_
        
             | PowerElectronix wrote:
             | GDP growth measurements have a big bias due to tariffs on,
             | tariffs off, tariffs on again policies wrecking imports and
             | exports numbers. Consumer spending is up, too, so I too
             | fail to see that gdp growth while jobs are not as up as
             | expected is due to AI making us more productive and not
             | just people spending more after months of increased savings
             | due to tariffs.
        
         | ozgrakkurt wrote:
         | I don't think LLMs are similar to computers in terms of
         | productivity boost
        
         | gsf_emergency_6 wrote:
         | Fwiw _fortune_ had another article this week saying this
         | J-curve of  "General Technology" is showing up in the latest
         | BLS data
         | 
         | https://fortune.com/2026/02/15/ai-productivity-liftoff-doubl...
         | 
         | Source of the Stanford-approved opinion:
         | https://www.ft.com/content/4b51d0b4-bbfe-4f05-b50a-1d485d419...
         | 
         | https://www.apolloacademy.com/waiting-for-the-ai-j-curve/
        
         | joering2 wrote:
         | > And so we should expect AI to look the same
         | 
         | Is that somewhat substantiated assumption? I recall learning on
         | University in 2001 the history of AI and that initial
         | frameworks were written in 70's and that prediction was we will
         | reach human-like intelligence by 2000. Just because Sama came
         | up with this somewhat breakthrough of an AI, it doesn't mean
         | that equal improvement leaps will be done on a monthly/annual
         | basis going forward. We may as well not make another huge leaps
         | or reach what some say human intelligence level in 10 years or
         | so.
        
         | killingtime74 wrote:
         | productivity may rise with time, and costs may come down. The
         | money is already spent
        
           | johnnienaked wrote:
           | Some of the money is spent. What happens when better models,
           | more efficient cooling techniques, and other technologies
           | hit? Seems like the best strategy at this point isn't dumping
           | your entire FCF into datacenters, but wait and see if there's
           | even a viable business efficiency improvement first.
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | > It wasn't until the mid-to-late 1990's that information
         | technology finally started to show clear benefit to the economy
         | overall.
         | 
         | The 1990s boom was in large part due to _connectivity_ --
         | millions[1] of computers joined _the Internet_.
         | 
         | [1] _ In the 1990s. Today, there are _billions_ of devices
         | connected, most of them Android devices.
        
           | ericfr11 wrote:
           | Android in the 90s Not really
        
         | whynotminot wrote:
         | It's also pretty wild to me how people still don't really even
         | know how to use it.
         | 
         | On hacker news, a very tech literate place, I see people
         | thinking modern AI models can't generate working code.
         | 
         | The other day in real life I was talking to a friend of mine
         | about ChatGPT. They didn't know you needed to turn on
         | "thinking" to get higher quality results. This is a technical
         | person who has worked at Amazon.
         | 
         | You can't expect revolutionary impact while people are still
         | learning how to even use the thing. We're so early.
        
           | politelemon wrote:
           | You are assuming that we all work on the same tasks and
           | should have exactly the same experience with it, which is it
           | course far from the truth. It's probably best to start with
           | that base assumption and work on the implications from there.
           | 
           | As for the last example, for all the money being spent on
           | this area, if someone is expected to perform a workflow based
           | on the kind of question they're supposed to ask, that's a
           | failure in the packaging and discoverability aspect of the
           | product, the leaky abstraction only helps some of us who know
           | why it's there.
        
           | harrall wrote:
           | I've been helping normal people at work use AI and there's
           | two groups that are really struggling:
           | 
           | 1. People who only think of using AI in very specific
           | scenarios. They don't know when you use it outside of the
           | obvious "to write code" situations and they don't really use
           | AI effectively and get deflated when AI outputs the
           | occasional garbage. They think "isn't AI supposed to be good
           | at writing code?"
           | 
           | 2. People who let AI do all the thinking. Sometimes they'll
           | use AI to do everything and you have to tell them to throw it
           | all away because it makes no sense. These people also tend to
           | dump analyses straight from AI into Slack because they lack
           | the tools to verify if a given analysis is correct.
           | 
           | To be honest, I help them by teaching them fairly rigid
           | workflows like "you can use AI if you are in this specific
           | situation." I think most people will only pick up tools
           | effectively if there is a clear template. It's basically on-
           | the-job training.
        
           | tstrimple wrote:
           | > On hacker news, a very tech literate place
           | 
           | I think this is the prior you should investigate. That may be
           | what HN used to be. But it's been a long time since it has
           | been an active reality. You can still see actual expert
           | opinions on HN, but they are the minority more and more.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | I think one longtime HN user (Karrot_Kream I think)
             | pinpointed the change in HN discourse to sometime in mid
             | 2022 to early 2023 when the rate of new users spiked to 40k
             | per month and remained at that elevated rate.
             | 
             | From personal experience, I've also noticed that some of
             | the most toxic discourse and responses I've received on
             | this platform are overwhelmingly from post-2022 users.
        
               | everybodyknows wrote:
               | HN got a write-up in a highly political, non-technical
               | magazine around that time.
        
           | mrtksn wrote:
           | In a WhatsApp group full of doctors, managers, journalist and
           | engineers (including software) in age of 30-60 I asked if
           | anyone heard of openclaw and only 3 people heard of it from
           | influencers, none used it.
           | 
           | But from my social feed the impression was that it is taking
           | over the world:)
           | 
           | I asked it because I am building something similar since some
           | tome and I thought its over they were faster than me but as
           | it appears there's no real adoption yet. Maybe there will be
           | some once they release it as part of ChatGPT but even then it
           | looks like too early as actually few people are using the
           | more advanced tools.
           | 
           | It's definitely in very early stage. It appears that so far
           | the mainstream success in AI is limited to slop generation
           | and even that is actually small number of people generating
           | huge amounts of slop.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | > I asked it because I am building something similar since
             | some tome and I thought its over they were faster than me
             | 
             | If you have been working on a usecase similar to OpenClaw
             | for sometime now I'd actually say you are in a great
             | position to start raising _now_.
             | 
             | Being first to market is not a significant moat in most
             | cases. Few people want to invest in the first company in a
             | category - it's too risky. If there are a couple of other
             | early players then the risk profile has been reduced.
             | 
             | That said, you _NEED_ to concentrate on GTM - technology is
             | commodified, distribution is not.
             | 
             | > It appears that so far the mainstream success in AI is
             | limited to slop generation and even that is actually small
             | number of people generating huge amounts of slop
             | 
             | The growth of AI slop has been exponential, but the
             | application of agents for domain specific usecases has been
             | decently successful.
             | 
             | The biggest reason you don't hear about it on HN is because
             | domain-specific applications are not well known on HN, and
             | most enterprises are not publicizing the fact that they are
             | using these tools internally.
             | 
             | Furthermore, almost anyone who is shipping something with
             | actual enterprise usage is under fairly onerous NDAs right
             | now and every company has someone monitoring HN like a
             | hawk.
        
               | mrtksn wrote:
               | Do you think that it is a good idea to release it first
               | on iOS, announce on HN and Producthunt? How would you do?
               | 
               | On my app the tech is based on running agent generated
               | code on JavaScriptCore to do things like OpenClaw, I'm
               | wrapping the JS engine with the missing functionality
               | like networking, file access and database access so I
               | believe I will not have a problem with releasing it on
               | Apple AppStore as I use their native stack. Then since
               | this stack is also OS, I'm making a version that will run
               | on Linux, the idea being users develops their solution on
               | their device(iOS&Mac currently) see it working and and
               | then deploys on a server with a tap of a button, so it
               | keeps running.
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | Who's your persona? How are you pricing and packaging?
               | Who is your buyer? Are you D2C? Consumer? Replacing EAs?
               | Replacing Project Managers? ...
               | 
               | You need to answer these questions in order to decide
               | whether a Show HN makes sense versus a much more targeted
               | launch.
               | 
               | If you do not know how to answer these questions you
               | _need_ to find a cofounder asap. Technology is
               | commodified. GTM, sales, and packaging is what turns
               | technology into products. Building and selling and
               | fundraising as 1 person is a one-way ticket to burnout,
               | which only makes you and your product less attractive.
               | 
               | I also highly recommend chatting with your network to
               | understand common types of problems. Once you've
               | identified a couple classes of problems and personas for
               | whom your story resonates, then you can decide what
               | approach to take.
               | 
               | Best of luck!
        
               | mrtksn wrote:
               | The persona is, someone who knows what are they doing but
               | need someone to actually automate their work routine.
               | I.e. maybe it's a crypto trader that makes decisions on
               | signals interpretation so they can create a trading bot
               | that executes on their method. Maybe its a compliance who
               | needs automate some routine like checking details further
               | when some conditions arise. Or maybe a social media
               | manager that needs to moderate their channels.Maybe
               | someone who needs a tool for monitoring HN that specific
               | way?
               | 
               | Thanks for the advice! I'm at a stage where I want to
               | have such tool and see who else wants it. Not sure yet
               | about it's viability as a business and what is the exact
               | market. Maybe I will find out by putting it into the wild
               | and that's why I consider to release it as a mobile app
               | first.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | That persona still sounds too generic, too unfocused.
               | 
               | But even with that persona, it should already answer your
               | question whether posting on HN and producthunt should be
               | a core part of your strategy. Not a lot of social media
               | managers or compliance people around here. And even for
               | crypto traders there are better places to pitch products
               | to them
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | That's too broad. You aren't going to get any nibbles.
               | 
               | You need to narrow it down to a _single_ and _specific_
               | persona and business domain.
               | 
               | This is because it takes years to fully flesh out and
               | productionize a workflow from scratch, so concentrating
               | on a business domain you know intimately well helps you
               | build that muscle, which you can then repeat if you are
               | able to hit revenue metrics for a Series A/B.
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | _> every company has someone monitoring HN like a hawk._
               | 
               | Monitoring specific user accounts or keywords? Is this
               | typically done by a social media reputation management
               | service?
        
             | wiseowise wrote:
             | > I asked if anyone heard of twitter vaporware and only 3
             | people heard of it from influencers, none used it.
             | 
             | Shocking results, I say!
        
               | KellyCriterion wrote:
               | No, these people ("managers, engineers" etc.) do just not
               | work in tech & IT but in other fields and they do not
               | read tech news in your country etc.
               | 
               | Most people are just "not that deep in there" as most
               | people on HN.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > "Tech news"
               | 
               | A guy attached Claude to his socials, groundbreaking
               | tech.
        
               | KellyCriterion wrote:
               | Once I was working for a consulting & development
               | company; they were trying to enter sector ABC by stuffing
               | up a team of people, so I was told, who had interest in
               | sector ABC stuff and want to do some projects there.
               | 
               | While they were deep in software development in general,
               | no body of them read any of the essential/required daily
               | industrial news (also not that one related to doing
               | software development in sector ABC)
               | 
               | :-)
               | 
               | So no, even people somehow attached to a topic are not
               | necessarily somehow deeper involved.
        
               | stackbutterflow wrote:
               | I spend between 1 and 2h a day on hn and I barely know
               | what openclaw is. I've seen it mentioned once or twice
               | and checked their website but that's all.
               | 
               | If one lets AI FOMO since the release of chatgpt drive
               | them they'd be glued to their screen 24/7.
        
               | o3dd wrote:
               | What is happening is nonsensical.
               | 
               | OAI wants to keep the hype train going. That is all.
               | OpenClaw is just a project that attracted the interests
               | of people messing about with LLMs. Which as a proportion
               | of economically active people is.... tiny.
               | 
               | They brought him (Pete) over as he seems to have some way
               | of thinking about LLMs in the form of a product. Will he
               | have repeatable success on a large scale? Who knows. I
               | doubt it personally.
        
           | slopinthebag wrote:
           | > I see people thinking modern AI models can't generate
           | working code.
           | 
           | Really? Can you show any examples of someone claiming AI
           | models cannot generate working code? I haven't seen anyone
           | make that claim in years, even from the most skeptical
           | critics.
        
             | dangus wrote:
             | And really the problem isn't that it can't make working
             | code, the problem is that it'll never get the kind of
             | context that is in your brain.
             | 
             | I started working today on a project I hadn't touched in a
             | while but I now needed to as it was involved in an incident
             | where I needed to address some shortcomings. I knew the fix
             | I needed to do but I went about my usual AI assisted
             | workflow because of course I'm lazy the last thing I want
             | to do is interrupt my normal work to fix this stupid
             | problem.
             | 
             | The AI doesn't know anything about the full scope of all
             | the things in my head about my company's environment and
             | the information I need to convey to it. I can give it a lot
             | of instructions but it's impossible to write out everything
             | in my head across multiple systems.
             | 
             | The AI did write working code, but despite writing the code
             | way faster than me, it made small but critical mistakes
             | that I wouldn't have made on my first draft.
             | 
             | For example, it just added in a command flag that I knew
             | that it didn't need, and it actually probably should have
             | known it, too. Basically it changed a line of code that it
             | didn't need to touch.
             | 
             | It also didn't realize that the curled URL was going to
             | redirect so we needed an -L flag. Maybe it should have but
             | my brain knew it already.
             | 
             | It also misinterpreted some changes in direction that a
             | human never would have. It confused my local repository for
             | the remote one because I originally thought I was going to
             | set a mirror, but I changed plans and used a manual package
             | upload to curl from. So it out the remote URL in some
             | places where the local one should have been.
             | 
             | Finally, it seems to have just created some strange text
             | gore while editing the readme where it deleted existing
             | content for seemingly no reason other than some kind of
             | readline snafu.
             | 
             | So yes it produced very fast great code that would have
             | taken me way longer to do, but I had to go back and consume
             | a very similar amount of time to fix so many things that I
             | might as well have just done it manually.
             | 
             | But hey I'm glad my company is paying $XX/month for my lazy
             | workday machine.
        
               | KellyCriterion wrote:
               | >>The AI doesn't know anything about the full scope of
               | all the things in my head about my company's environment
               | and the information I need to convey to it.<<
               | 
               | This is your problem: How should it know if you do not
               | provide it?
               | 
               | Use Claude - in the pro version you can submit files for
               | each project which are setting the context: This can be
               | files, source code, SQL scripts, screenshots whatever -
               | then the output will be based on your context given by
               | providing these files.
        
               | dangus wrote:
               | Is this process of brain dumping faster than me just
               | writing the code?
               | 
               | If I was truly going to automate this one-time task I
               | would have to give the AI access to my browser or an API
               | token for the repository provider, so I'm either giving
               | it dangerous modification capability via browser
               | automation or I'm spending even more time setting up API
               | access and trusting that it actually knows how to
               | interact with the service via API calls.
               | 
               | My company doesn't provide Claude, they give me GitHub
               | Copilot Pro or whatever it's called, and when I provided
               | the website it needed to get the RPM files I was working
               | with it didn't actually do anything with it. It just
               | wrote a readme file that told me what to do. Like I
               | mention it also just eventually mistook the remote
               | repository as my local internal repository.
               | 
               | And one of the specific commands it screwed up was in my
               | existing script and was already correct, it just decided
               | to change it for no discernible reason. I didn't ask it
               | to do anything related to that particular line.
               | 
               | With such a high error rate, I would be hesitant to
               | actually integrate AI to other systems to try to achieve
               | a more fully automated workflow.
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | And your problem is that you didnt understood the point
               | of their post. The full context was so complex and would
               | be so time consuming to relay that they might as well
               | code themselves.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | I've seen it said plenty of the times that the code might
             | work eventually (after several cycles of prompting and
             | testing), but even then the code you get might not be
             | something you'd want to maintain, and it might contain bugs
             | and security issues that don't (at least initially) seem to
             | impact its ability to do whatever it was written to do but
             | which could cause problems later.
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | Yeah but that's a completely different thing.
        
             | KellyCriterion wrote:
             | Scroll up a few comments where someone said Claude is
             | generating errors over and over again and that Claude cant
             | work according to code guidelines etc :-))
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | That not the same.
        
             | zelphirkalt wrote:
             | Depends what they mean. Generate working code all the time
             | or after going a few iterations of trying and promoting? It
             | can very easily happen, that an LLM generates something
             | that is a straight error, because it hallucinates some
             | keyword argument or something like that, which doesn't
             | actually exist. Only happened to me yesterday. So going
             | from that, no, they are still not able to generate working
             | code all the time. Especially, when the basis is a shoddy-
             | made library itself, that is simply missing something
             | required.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | I'll claim it. They can't generate working code _for the
             | things I am working on_. They seem to be too complex or in
             | languages that are too niche.
             | 
             | They can do a tolerable job with super popular /simple
             | things like web dev and Python. It really depends on what
             | you're doing.
        
             | stackbutterflow wrote:
             | 10 days ago someone was making this claim about copilot on
             | legacy code: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46932609
             | 
             | > Github Copilot has been great in getting that code
             | coverage up marginally but ass otherwise.
        
               | slopinthebag wrote:
               | That's a completely different claim. Or do you think an
               | AI can always, without fail, produce working code in
               | every situation? That's trivially false.
        
           | overgard wrote:
           | I don't think "results don't match promises" is the same as
           | "not knowing how to use it". I've been using Claude and
           | OpenAI's latest models for the past two weeks now (probably
           | moving at about 1000 lines of code a day, which is what I can
           | comfortably review), and it makes subtle hard-to-find
           | mistakes all over the place. Or it just misunderstands well
           | known design patterns, or does something bone headed. I'm
           | fine with this! But that's because I'm asking it to write
           | code that I could write myself, and I'm actually reading it.
           | This whole "it can build a whole company for me and I don't
           | even look at it!" is overhype.
        
             | scoopdewoop wrote:
             | Prompting LLMs for code simply takes more than a couple of
             | weeks to learn.
             | 
             | It takes time to get an intuition for the kinds of problems
             | they've seen in pre-training, what environments it faced in
             | RL, and what kind of bizarre biases and blindspots it has.
             | Learning to google was hard, learning to use other peoples
             | libraries was hard, and its on par with those skills at
             | least.
             | 
             | If there is a well known design pattern you know, thats a
             | great thing to shout out. Knowing what to add to the
             | context takes time and taste. If you are asking for pieces
             | so large that you can't trust them, ask for smaller pieces
             | and their composition. Its a force multiplier, and your
             | taste for abstractions as a programmer is one of the
             | factors.
             | 
             | In early usenet/forum days, the XY problem described users
             | asking for implementation details of their X solution to Y
             | problem, rather than asking how to solve Y. In llm
             | prompting, people fall into the opposite. They have an X
             | implementation they want to see, and rather than ask for
             | it, they describe the Y problem and expect the LLM to
             | arrive at the same X solution. Just ask for the
             | implementation you want.
             | 
             | Asking bots to ask bots seems to be another skill as well.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | Let me clarify, I've been using the latest models for the
               | last two weeks, but I've been using AI for about a year
               | now. I know how to prompt. I don't know why people think
               | it's an amazing skill, it's not much different from
               | writing a good ticket.
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Do you use an agent harness to have it review code for you
             | before you do?
             | 
             | If not, you don't know how to use it _efficiently_.
             | 
             | A large part of using AI efficiently is to significantly
             | lower that review burden by having it do far more of the
             | verification and cleanup itself before you even look at it.
        
               | docmars wrote:
               | This is correct, but part of the issue is that it
               | significantly increases token usage costs. Some companies
               | are doing:
               | 
               | - PRD and spec fulfillment review
               | 
               | - code review + correction loops
               | 
               | - security review + corrections
               | 
               | - addl. test coverage and tidying
               | 
               | - addl. type checks and tidying
               | 
               | - addl. lint checks and tidying
               | 
               | - maybe more I haven't listed
               | 
               | And these are run after each commit, so you can only
               | imagine the costs per engineer doing this 10, 20, 50+
               | times per day depending on how much work they're knocking
               | out.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Sure, it adds tokens. I've burnt 200 million tokens
               | _today_ on a single project.
               | 
               | The question is what your time is worth for the company,
               | and which tasks costs less to have an agent automate than
               | having you do.
        
               | docmars wrote:
               | I think if you were to scale that kind of usage across a
               | reasonable team size, costs would start to add up fast --
               | and possibly beyond the cost of paying another engineer
               | every year, especially if a lot of your teammates are new
               | to AI, or aren't using it efficiently. Of course, it all
               | depends on the appetite of the company.
               | 
               | The other constraint is, for those who are being laid off
               | (maybe because of cost reduction to support an AI budget
               | for a smaller team to use), engineers wanting to expand
               | their skill set and practice these levels of usage +
               | efficiency are effectively unable to with their own
               | funding, making it more difficult to find employment as
               | expectations heighten.
               | 
               | Prior to AI entering the fray, software development was
               | largely free for everyone, allowing anyone with enough
               | time and motivation to build the skills towards gainful
               | employment. As AI becomes more prevalent and expectations
               | around _how it 's used_ become higher, fewer and fewer
               | applicants will be able to claim they have the experience
               | necessary because it was out of reach due to costs.
        
               | riskable wrote:
               | > Do you use an agent harness to have it review code for
               | you before you do?
               | 
               | Right now you need to be Uncle Moneybags to do this in
               | your personal life.
               | 
               | If you're lucky, your employer is footing the bill but
               | otherwise... Ugh. It's like converting your app running
               | perfectly fine on a cheap VPS to AWS Lambda. _In theory_
               | , it's fine but in reality the next bill you get could
               | make you faint.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | It's down to how much you value your time. If your value
               | your time low enough, it doesn't pay to make AI take
               | over. If you value it high enough, it does.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | I have it run tests and every few days I ask it to do a
               | code quality analysis check on the codebase.
               | 
               | I'm unconvinced AI reviewing AI is the answer here,
               | because all LLMs have the same flaws. To me, the
               | harness/guard rails for AI should be different
               | technologies that work differently and in a more formal
               | sense. IE, static code analysis, linters, tests, etc.
               | 
               | (Linting has actually been, by far, the BEST code quality
               | enforcers for the agents I've run so far, and it's a lot
               | cheaper and more configurable than running more agents.)
        
             | XenophileJKO wrote:
             | If you know good architecture and you are testing as you
             | go, I would say, it is probably pretty damn close to being
             | able to build a company without looking at the code. Not
             | without "risk" but definitely doable and plausible.
             | 
             | My current project that I started this weekend is a rust
             | client server game with the client compiled into web
             | assembly.
             | 
             | I do these projects without reading the code at all as a
             | way to gauge what I can possibly do with AI without reading
             | code, purely operating as a PM with technical intuition and
             | architectural opinions.
             | 
             | So far Opus 4.6 has been capable of building it all out. I
             | have to catch issues and I have asked it for refactoring
             | analysis to see if it could optimize the file
             | structure/components, but I haven't read the code at all.
             | 
             | At work I certainly read all the code. But would recommend
             | people try to build something non trivial without looking
             | at the code. It does take skill though, so maybe start
             | small and build up the intuition on how they have issues,
             | etc. I think you'll be surprised how much your technical
             | intuition can scale even when you are not looking at the
             | code.
        
               | LunaSea wrote:
               | Security auditor and criminals have a bright future ahead
               | of them.
        
               | mikkupikku wrote:
               | For a few years maybe, but I see little reason to think
               | this stuff won't be coming for their jobs as well.
        
               | docmars wrote:
               | True, but you'd be surprised how much you can tighten up
               | a codebase by asking a heftier model to do a security
               | review and suggest fixes.
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | At what point do people really know if it has been
               | tightened up if they never look at the code?
        
               | XenophileJKO wrote:
               | How does a PM know that the code has been tighten up by
               | the offshore team?
        
               | XenophileJKO wrote:
               | That is why I said "risk". Though the models are pretty
               | good "if" you ask for security audits. Notice I didn't
               | say you could do it without technical knowledge right
               | now, so you need to know to ask for security review.
               | 
               | I have friends in security on major platforms who are
               | impressed by the security review of the SOT models.
               | Certainly better than the average bootstrapped founder.
        
               | danbolt wrote:
               | What's the game? Genuinely curious!
        
               | XenophileJKO wrote:
               | Simultaneous turn based top down car combat where you
               | design the cars first. Inspired by Car Wars, but taking
               | advantage of computers, so spline based path planing and
               | much more complicated way of calculating armor
               | penetration and damage.
               | 
               | I'm building to play with my friends online.
        
               | fastasucan wrote:
               | Why is there a point of not reading the code? Even with
               | very competent humans we have put in place systems for
               | reviewing the code.
        
             | docmars wrote:
             | And yet, this is exactly what my last job's engineering &
             | product leadership did with their CEO at the helm, before
             | they laid me off.
             | 
             | They vibe-coded a complete rewrite of their products in a
             | few months without any human review. Hundreds of thousands
             | LOC. I feel sorry for the remaining engineers having to
             | learn everything they just generated, and are now having
             | customers use.
        
           | bigbuppo wrote:
           | And it will get worse once the UX people get ahold of it.
        
             | scrubs wrote:
             | You got that right . .. imagine AI making more keyboard
             | shortcuts, "helping" wayland move off X more so, new window
             | transistions, overhauling htmx ... it'll be hell+ on earth.
        
               | alternatex wrote:
               | We can indeed only imagine. For now, AI has been a curse
               | for open source projects.
        
           | KellyCriterion wrote:
           | A neighbour of me has a PhD and is working in research at a
           | hospital. He is super smart.
           | 
           | Last time he said: "yes yes I know about ChatGPT, but I do
           | not use it at work or home."
           | 
           | Therefore, most people wont even know about Gemini, Grok or
           | even Claude.
        
             | Guillaume86 wrote:
             | He said he know about it and your conclusion is that he
             | doesnt know about the other ones...
        
           | illiac786 wrote:
           | > On hacker news, a very tech literate place, I see people
           | thinking modern AI models can't generate working code.
           | 
           | I am completely flooded with comments and stories about how
           | great LLMs are at coding. I am curious to see how you get a
           | different picture than this? Can you point me to a thread or
           | a story that supports your view? At the moment, individuals
           | thinking AI cannot generate working code seem almost
           | inexistent to me.
        
             | riskable wrote:
             | It's a real thing, but usually tied to IT folks that tried
             | ChatGPT ~2 years ago (in a web browser) and had to "fix"
             | whatever it output. That situation solidified their
             | "understanding of AI" and they haven't updated their
             | knowledge on the current situation (because... No pressing
             | need).
             | 
             | Folks like this have never used AI inside of an IDE or one
             | of the CLI AI tools. Without that perspective, AI seems
             | mostly like a gimmick.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | Wow I didn't realize that. But I always thought it. I was
         | bewildered that anyone got any real value out of any of that
         | pre-VisiCalc (or even VisiCalc) computer tech for business. It
         | all looked kinda clumsy.
        
           | KellyCriterion wrote:
           | (pre) VisiCalc: You have to understand that the primary users
           | (accountants etc.) do not care about how a thing looks in
           | their working process: If a tool helps them, they will use it
           | even if its ugly according to aesthetical frontend questions
           | :-)
           | 
           | (Think about this old black/white or green mainframe screens
           | - horrible looking but it gets their job done)
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | The coding tools are not hard to pick up. Agent chat and
         | autocomplete in IDE's are braindead simple, and even TUI's like
         | Claude are extremely easy to pickup (I think it took me a day?)
         | And despite what the vibers like to pretend, learning to prompt
         | them isn't that hard either. Or, let me clarify, if you know
         | how to code, and you know how you want something coded,
         | prompting them isn't that hard. I can't imagine it'll take that
         | long for an impact to be seen, if there is a major impact to be
         | seen.
         | 
         | I think it's more likely that people "feel" more productive,
         | and/or we're measuring bad things (lines of code is an awful
         | way to measure productivity -- especially considering that
         | these agents duplicate code all the time so bloat is a given
         | unless you actively work to recombine things and create new
         | abstractions)
        
           | kylebyte wrote:
           | It reminds me a lot of adderall's effect on people without
           | ADHD. A pretty universal feeling that it's making you
           | smarter, paired with no measurable increase in test scores.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | That's a good analogy. I've never done stimulants, but from
             | what I've heard about them they make people very _active_
             | but that isn 't the same as _productive_.
        
         | masteruvpuppetz wrote:
         | An old office colleague used to tell us there was a time when
         | he'd print a report prepared with Lotus123 (Ancient Excel) and
         | their boss would verify the calculations on a calculator saying
         | computers are not reliable. :o
        
         | __jf__ wrote:
         | Paul Strassmann wrote a book in 1990 called "Business Value of
         | Computers" that showed that it matters where money on computers
         | is spent. Only firms that spent it on their core business
         | processes showed increased revenues whereas the ones that spent
         | it on peripheral business processes didn't.
        
           | Underqualified wrote:
           | This is my feeling about both IT and AI. It enables companies
           | to do a lot of things which don't really bring value. One of
           | the biggest use case for AI in the company I work for now is
           | powerBI report generation. Fine, but a couple of years ago we
           | didn't even have all these graphs and reports. I'm not sure
           | they bring actual value, since I see decisions still being
           | made mostly on intuition.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | If things like computer-aided design and improved supply chain
         | management, for example, make manufactured goods last longer
         | and cause less waste, I would expect IT to cause productivity
         | to go down. I drive a 15 year old car and use a 12 year old PC.
         | It's a good thing that productivity goes down, or stays the
         | same.
        
         | arisAlexis wrote:
         | Only it's much more exponential
        
         | unkulunkulu wrote:
         | Ok, this article inspired some positivity in my view. Here
         | comes, of course a disclaimer that this is just "wishful
         | thinking", but still.
         | 
         | So we are in the process of "adapting a technology". Welcome,
         | keep calm, observe, don't be ashamed to feel emotions like
         | fear, excitement, anger and all else.
         | 
         | While adapting, we learn how to use it better and better. At
         | first, we try "do all the work for me", then "ok, that was bad,
         | plan what you would do, good, adjust, ok do it like this" etc
         | etc.
         | 
         | A couple of years into the future this knowledge is just
         | "passed on". If productivity grew and we "figured out how to
         | get more out of the universe", then no jobs had to be lost,
         | just readapted. And "investors" get happy not by "replacing
         | workers", but by "reaping win-win rewards" from the universe at
         | large.
         | 
         | There are dangers of course, like "maybe this is truly a huge
         | win-win, but some loses can be hidden, like ecology", but "I
         | hope there are people really addressing these problems and this
         | win-win will help them be more productive as well".
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | Is this like the hotels first jumping on the wifi bandwagon?
         | Spent lots of money up front for expensive tech. Years later,
         | anyone could buy a cheap router and set up, so every hotel had
         | wifi. But the original high-end hotels that were first out with
         | wifi and paid much for it, has the worst and old wifi and
         | charge users for it, still trying to recoup the costs.
        
         | TimByte wrote:
         | Yet with IT, the bottleneck was largely technical and capital-
         | related, whereas with AI it feels more organizational and
         | cognitive
        
         | pragmatic wrote:
         | You're missing the true value, the network.
         | 
         | Wide spread internet access turned expensive toys (PCs) into
         | useful assets.
        
         | JMKH42 wrote:
         | >And so we should expect AI to look the same -
         | 
         | Maybe! Or it might never pan out, or it may pan out way better.
         | Complicated things like this rarely turn out the way people
         | expect, no matter how smart.
        
           | bunderbunder wrote:
           | I'm thinking survivorship bias here. "Information Technology"
           | is such a wide term, and we immediately think of the IT we
           | currently use. Many of us can't even remember all the blind
           | alleys we wasted resources on in the '80s, especially those
           | of us who weren't there. I count myself among that group
           | because I was a kid and didn't pay much attention to
           | business.
           | 
           | But I can say that, judging by historical artifacts, a lot of
           | it was along the same broad lines as AI. And we maybe don't
           | realize how serious people were about it back then. The
           | technology that actually changed the world was so
           | comparatively boring and pragmatic that the stuff that was
           | being hyped back then seems comically overwrought. It's easy
           | to assume it must have been a joke all along.
        
         | bitgeist wrote:
         | I like your username.
        
         | nz wrote:
         | I mean the productivity paradox was only temporarily remedied.
         | Around 2005 we entered a second version of the paradox and it
         | persists to this day. I'll note that 2005 was when the internet
         | became dominated by walled-gardens and social-media, _and_ it
         | was the last year that people got to use the internet without
         | smartphones (in 2006 LG released a smartphone, with Apple
         | releasing iPhone in 2007).
         | 
         | The combination of attention-draining social media walled
         | gardens, and the high performance pocket-computers (which are
         | really designed for consumption instead of productivity),
         | created a positive feedback loop that helped destroy the
         | productivity that we won by defeating the paradox in the 1990s.
         | And we have been struggling against this new paradox for twenty
         | years, since. AI seems like it should defeat the paradox
         | because it is a kind of hands-free system, perfect for mobile
         | phones -- but this is really just a very expensive solution to
         | a problem that we have created and allowed to fester. We could
         | just shun the walled gardens, and demand to be paid for our
         | attention and data.
         | 
         | The new productivity paradox (which I do not think AI in its
         | current form can fix[1][2]), is the price that we pay for a
         | prosperous and valuable advertising industry. And as long as
         | the web is seen as an ad-channel, and as long as the web is
         | always vibrating in your pocket, we will keep paying this
         | price. We will eventually end up (metaphorically) lobotomizing
         | our children, and families, and communities, so that the grand-
         | children of ad-executives and tech-bros and frat-bros can grow
         | up healthy, psychologically stable, educated, and comfortably
         | wealthy. (Brain drain: now available literally everywhere).
         | 
         | [1]: It is telling that most LLMs are centralized, and are most
         | useful as search-engines/information-retrieval-systems. The
         | centralization makes them _spyware_, and their ability to
         | directly answer any question, encourages users to actually ask
         | direct questions, instead of stringing search-terms together.
         | This makes the prompts high-signal advertising data (i.e.
         | instead inferring what you are looking for from the search-
         | string, these companies can see _exactly_ what you are looking
         | for and why -- and with LLMs, they can probably turn these
         | promps into joint-probability-tables or whatever other kind of
         | serialization they need to figure out which products to sell
         | you (either on the web or directly in the response to your
         | prompt)).
         | 
         | [2]: As far as copyright infringement goes, LLM outputs may
         | require mass clean-room rewrites (so your productivity, as
         | pathetic as it already is, now gets _halved_ long term) of
         | text, prose, code, and anything else that is produced with
         | them, because of how copyright law works. In legal arts this is
         | called _the fruit of the poison tree_, and any short-term
         | productivity gains, may become long term liabilities that need
         | to be replaced due to _legal mandate_ -- so even if LLMs can
         | eventually produce perfect and faultless outputs, the copyright
         | laws _in all 200+ countries_ would have to be torn down and
         | rebuilt (and this will certainly come at great expense).
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Thanks! we've swapped the baity title with that phrase above.
        
       | istillcantcode wrote:
       | Anyone read the goal lately?
        
       | cmiles8 wrote:
       | I like AI and use it daily, but this bubble can't pop soon enough
       | so we can all return to normally scheduled programming.
       | 
       | CEOs are now on the downside of the hype curve.
       | 
       | They went from "Get me some of that AI!" after first hearing
       | about it, to "Why are we not seeing any savings? Shut this
       | boondoggle down!" now that we're a few years into bubble, the
       | business math isn't working, and they only see burning piles of
       | cash.
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | I consume a lot of different content on a lot of different
         | places. Every site or app has its vibe and communal beliefs.
         | They rarely if ever agree on anything, but they all agree we're
         | in a massive bubble.
         | 
         | I don't have a point, just that it's an unlikely unity.
        
         | sowbug wrote:
         | "return to normally scheduled programming" is probably not the
         | exact phrasing you want to use. :)
        
         | topocite wrote:
         | This is the standard stupidity here based on emotion and
         | denial. This is the narrative that people want to hear.
         | 
         | Of course, trying to automate with chatGPT 4o was stupid.
         | Trying to automate with Sonnet 4.6 will work better. Trying to
         | automate with the models a year from now will work all the
         | better.
         | 
         | To believe we are going to stop and go back to 2019 at this
         | stage is seriously delusional.
         | 
         | I wish it were true. I would love to go back to 2019 but we
         | obviously are not. We never go backwards.
        
           | cmiles8 wrote:
           | "Regularly scheduled programming" includes progress, not
           | stasis. It just means the AI hype firehouse runs out of money
           | and we rerun to normal sane progress and productivity
           | enhancements without all the overpricing and under delivering
           | of the last few years.
        
       | n_u wrote:
       | Original paper
       | https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w34836/w348...
       | 
       | Figure A6 on page 45: Current and expected AI adoption by
       | industry
       | 
       | Figure A11 on page 51: Realised and expected impacts of AI on
       | employment by industry
       | 
       | Figure A12 on page 52: Realised and expected impacts of AI on
       | productivity by industry
       | 
       | These seem to roughly line up with my expectations that the more
       | customer facing or physical product your industry is, the lower
       | the usage and impact of AI. (construction, retail)
       | 
       | A little bit surprising is "Accom & Food" being 4th highest for
       | productivity impact in A12. I wonder how they are using it.
        
         | CSSer wrote:
         | Figure right after A6 is pretty striking. Ask people if they
         | expect to use AI and a vast majority say yes. Ask if they
         | expect to use AI for specific applications and no more than a
         | third say yes in any industry. That should be telling imo. What
         | we have is a tool that looks impressive to any non-SME for a
         | _lot_ of applications. I would caution against the idea that
         | benefits are obvious.
        
       | carefree-bob wrote:
       | It's not just technology, it's very hard to detect the effect of
       | inventions in general on productivity. There was a paper pointing
       | out that the invention of the steam engine was basically
       | invisible in the productivity statistics:
       | 
       | https://www.frbsf.org/wp-content/uploads/crafts.pdf
        
         | robinwhg wrote:
         | The first steam engine was invented by a Turk and he used it
         | solely to make kebab spin. Never thought about using it for
         | anything else.
        
       | beloch wrote:
       | The article suggests that AI-related productivity gains could
       | follow a J-curve. An initial decline, as initially happened with
       | IT, followed by an exponential surge. They admit this is heavily
       | dependent on the real value AI provides.
       | 
       | However, there's another factor. The J-curve for IT happened in a
       | different era. No matter when you jumped on the bandwagon, things
       | just kept getting faster, easier, and cheaper. Moore's law was
       | relentless. The exponential growth phase of the J-curve for AI,
       | if there is one, is going to be _heavily_ damped by the
       | enshitification phase of the winning AI companies. They are
       | currently incurring _massive_ debt in order to gain an edge on
       | their competition. Whatever companies are left standing in a
       | couple of years are going to have to raise the funds to service
       | and pay back that debt. The investment required to compete in AI
       | is so massive that cheaper competition may not arise, and a small
       | number of (or single) winner could put anyone dependent on AI
       | into a financial bind. Will growth really be exponential if this
       | happens and the benefits aren 't clearly worth it?
       | 
       | The best possible outcome may be for the bubble to pop, the
       | current batch of AI companies to go bankrupt, and for AI
       | capability to be built back better and cheaper as computation
       | becomes cheaper.
        
         | robinwhg wrote:
         | But there already is cheaper competition? Open models may be
         | behind, but only ~6 months for every new generation.
        
       | rr808 wrote:
       | BTW the study was from September 2024 to 2025, so its the very
       | earliest of adopters.
        
         | hydrox24 wrote:
         | This article is mostly based on NBER working paper 34836, which
         | was published this month, and the data was collected from
         | September 2025 to January 2026[0]
         | 
         | [0]: See page 2:
         | https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w34836/w348...
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | At $dayjob GenAI has been shoved into every workflow and it's a
       | constant source of noise and irritation, slop galore. I'm so
       | close to walking away from the industry to resume being a
       | mechanic, what a complete shit show.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | Meanwhile in some auto shop,
         | 
         | "Perfect! Let's delve into the problem with the engine. Based
         | on the symptoms you describe, the likely cause is a blown head
         | gasket..."
        
       | deadbabe wrote:
       | The people who will be most productive with AI will be the
       | entreprompteurs who whip up entire products and go to market
       | faster than ever before, iterating at dangerous speeds. Lean
       | Startup methodology on pure steroids basically.
       | 
       | Unfortunately I think most of the stuff they make will be shit,
       | but they will build it very productively.
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | Software doesn't need to be good to be successful; it only
         | needs to solve a problem and be better than the competition.
         | 
         | I predict a golden age for experienced developers! There will
         | be an uncountable number of poorly designed apps with scaling
         | issues. And many of them will be funded.
        
           | deadbabe wrote:
           | Meh, no. In a future where any app could be prompted, the
           | only thing you'd get funding for is if you had managed to go
           | viral and secure some large audience.
           | 
           | This is not good. When all that matters is how viral your app
           | is, people no longer compete on features and quality of life.
        
       | J_Shelby_J wrote:
       | It's simple calculus for business leaders: admit they're laying
       | off workers because the fundamentals are bad and spook investors,
       | admit they're laying off workers because the economy is bad and
       | anger the administration, or just say it's AI making roles
       | unnecessary and hope for the best.
        
       | acjohnson55 wrote:
       | It's weird being on here and seeing so much naysaying, because I
       | see a radical change already happening in software development.
       | The future is here, it's just not equally distributed.
       | 
       | In the past 6 months, I've gone from Copilot to Cursor to
       | Conductor. It's really the shift to Conductor that convinced me
       | that I crossed into a new reality of software work. It is now
       | possible to code at a scale dramatically higher than before.
       | 
       | This has not yet translated into shipping at far higher
       | magnitude. There are still big friction points and bottlenecks.
       | Some will need to be resolved with technology, others will need
       | organizational solutions.
       | 
       | But this is crystal clear to me: there is a clear path to
       | companies getting software value to the end customer much more
       | rapidly.
       | 
       | I would compare the ongoing revolution to the advent of the Web
       | for software delivery. When features didn't have to be scheduled
       | for release in physical shipments, it unlocked radically
       | different approaches to product development, most clearly
       | illustrated in The Agile Manifesto. You could also do real-time
       | experiments to optimize product outcomes.
       | 
       | I'm not here to say that this is all going to be OK. It won't be
       | for a lot of people. Some companies are going to make tremendous
       | mistakes and generate tremendous waste. Many of the concerns
       | around GenAI are deadly,serious.
       | 
       | But I also have zero doubt that the companies that most
       | effectively embrace the new possibilities are going to run
       | circles around their competition.
       | 
       | It's a weird feeling when people argue against me in this,
       | because I've seen too much. It's like arguing with flat-earthers.
       | I've never personally circumnavigated Antarctica, but me being
       | wrong would invalidate so many facts my frame of reality depends
       | on.
       | 
       | To me, the question isn't about the capabilities of the
       | technology. It's whether we actually want the future it unlocks.
       | That's the discussion I wish we were having. Even if it's hard
       | for me to see what choice there is. Capitalism and geopolitical
       | competition are incredible forces to reckon with, and AI is being
       | driven hard by both.
        
         | azuanrb wrote:
         | Curious why you like Conductor. I'm trying it out, but since I
         | primarily live in the CLI, I might not see much value in it.
        
           | acjohnson55 wrote:
           | Fair point. What it really does for me is give me a better UX
           | for having a bunch of parallel workstreams. I could achieve a
           | similar effect thing with scripting, and maybe some clever
           | ways of getting something like the sidebar for seeing the
           | status of everything on a single pane. But Conductor packaged
           | it up in a way that I found much improved over multiple
           | Cursor or VSCode windows.
        
       | nowittyusername wrote:
       | As we approach the singularity things will be more noisy and
       | things will make less and less sense as rapid change can look
       | like chaos from inside the system. I recommend folks just take a
       | deep breath, and just take a look around you. Regardless on your
       | stance if the singularity is real, if AI will revolutionize
       | everything or not, just forget all that noise. just look around
       | you and ask yourself if things are seeming more or less chaotic,
       | are you able to predict better or worse on what is going to
       | happen? how far can your predictions land you now versus lets say
       | 10 or 20 years ago? Conflicting signals is exactly how all of
       | this looks. one account is saying its the end of the world
       | another is saying nothing ever changes and everything is the same
       | as it always was....
        
       | 1broseidon wrote:
       | I think the 'AI productivity gap' is mostly a state management
       | problem. Even with great models, you burn so much time just
       | manually syncing context between different agents or chat
       | sessions.
       | 
       | Until the handoff tax is lower than the cost of just doing it
       | yourself, the ROI isn't going to be there for most engineering
       | workflows.
        
       | ahepp wrote:
       | I read an article in FT just a couple days ago claiming that
       | increased productivity was becoming visible in economic data
       | 
       | > My own updated analysis suggests a US productivity increase of
       | roughly 2.7 per cent for 2025. This is a near doubling from the
       | sluggish 1.4 per cent annual average that characterised the past
       | decade.
       | 
       | good for 3 clicks:
       | https://giftarticle.ft.com/giftarticle/actions/redeem/97861f...
        
       | chrismarlow9 wrote:
       | The slow part as a senior engineer has never been actually
       | writing the code. It has been:
       | 
       | - reviews for code
       | 
       | - asking stakeholders opinions
       | 
       | - SDLC latency (things taking forever to test)
       | 
       | - tickets
       | 
       | - documentations/diagrams
       | 
       | - presentations
       | 
       | Many of these require review. The review hell doesn't magically
       | stop at Open source projects. These things happen internally too.
        
       | AngryData wrote:
       | I think the biggest problem is calling it AI to start with. It
       | gives people a huge misrepresentation of what it is actually
       | capable of. It is an impressive tool with many uses, but it is
       | not AGI.
        
       | jurschreuder wrote:
       | Workers may see the LLM as a productivity boost because they can
       | basically cheat a their homework.
       | 
       | As a CEO I see it as a massive clog up of vast amounts of content
       | that somebody will need to check. A DDoS of any text-based
       | system.
       | 
       | The other day I got a document of 155 pages in Whatsapp. Thanx.
       | Same with pull requests. Who will check all this?
        
         | beart wrote:
         | > Who will check all this?
         | 
         | The answer to that, for some, is more AI.
         | 
         | I had a peer explain that the PRs created by AI are now too
         | large and difficult to understand. They were concerned that
         | bugs would crop up after merging the code. Their solution, was
         | to use another AI to review the code... However, this did not
         | solve the problem of not knowing what the code does. They had a
         | solution for that as well... ask AI to prepare a quiz and then
         | deliver it to the engineer to check their understanding of the
         | code.
         | 
         | The question was asked - does using AI mean best-practices
         | should no longer be followed? There were some in the
         | conversation who answered, "probably yes".
         | 
         | > Who will check all this?
         | 
         | So yeah, I think the real answer to that is... no one.
        
         | thisoneisreal wrote:
         | Just yesterday one of my junior devs got an 800-line code
         | review from an AI agent. It wasn't all bad, but is this kid
         | literally going to have to read an essay every time he submits
         | code?
        
         | franktankbank wrote:
         | Who gave you the 155 page doc? How quickly were they fired?
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | Every technology, whether it improved existing systems and
       | productivity or not, created new wealth by creating new services
       | and experiences. So that is what needs to happen with this wave
       | as well.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | If nothing else AI is making great strides in surveillance. It
         | makes mistakes, but that only matters when there's
         | accountability, and now it can make them at scales that were
         | unthinkable before. Most of us are not going to enjoy the new
         | experiences AI brings us, but a small number of people are
         | already making a lot of money selling new services to
         | government and law enforcement.
        
       | an-allen wrote:
       | Yep just a risk amplifier. We are having a global warming level
       | event in computing and blindly walling into it.
        
       | matt3210 wrote:
       | I'm not sure about this. I've been 100% ai since jan/1 and I'm
       | way more productive at producing code.
       | 
       | The non code parts (about 90% of the work) is taking the same
       | amount of time though.
        
       | lqstuart wrote:
       | I was in the "AI is grossly overhyped" camp because I work on
       | large distributed deep learning training jobs and AI is indeed
       | worthless for those, and will likely always be worthless since
       | the APIs change constantly and the iteration loop is too
       | cumbersome to constantly resubmit broken jobs to a training
       | cluster.
       | 
       | Then I started working on some basic grpc/fullstack crap that I
       | absolutely do not care about, at all, but needs to be done and
       | uses internal frameworks that are not well documented, and now
       | Claude is my best friend at work.
       | 
       | The best part is everyone else's AI code still sucks, because
       | they ask it to do stupid crap and don't apply any critical
       | thinking skills to it, so I just tell AI to re-do it but don't
       | fuck up the error handling and use constants instead of
       | hardcoding strings like a middle schooler, and now I'm a 100x
       | developer fearlessly leading the charge to usher in the AI era as
       | I play the new No Man's Sky update on my other PC and wait for
       | whatever agent to finish crap.
        
         | g-mork wrote:
         | this weirdly skirts my own experience yet somehow still read
         | like sarcasm hehe. I think if we just return to calling it
         | intelligent autocomplete expectations for productivity gain
         | would be better established.
         | 
         | trying to hacksmash Claude into outputting something it simply
         | can't just produces endless mess. or getting into a fight
         | pointing out issues with what it's doing and it just piles on
         | extra layer upon layer of gunk. but meanwhile if you ask it to
         | boilerplate an entire SaaS around the hard part, it's done in
         | about 15 seconds.
         | 
         | of course this says nothing about the costs of long term
         | maintainability, and I think everyone by now recognises what
         | that's going to look like
        
           | lqstuart wrote:
           | We just haven't figured out how to use it. You wouldn't try
           | to create an entire project out of IDE templates, but how
           | many "low code" attempts were there to do just that at some
           | point?
           | 
           | I think there are phases in a project's lifecycle where it's
           | more appropriate, at the very beginning and very late. I do
           | not think junior developers should be using it, because it is
           | much much harder to learn and it kills productivity having
           | senior developers review 3000 lines of slop. Just stuff like
           | that needs to be figured out.
        
             | g-mork wrote:
             | I've had some luck with this idea of keeping the "Clauded"
             | bits separate where possible. Do you really care if it
             | crates a spaghetti mess if the result is some visually
             | beautiful low trust site that lives in its own repo
             | entirely? vs. letting it run in autoapprove mode inside a
             | module where critical hand-written crypto code exists
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | Ah I see what my goal for this year is then. I have a large
         | Steam backlog to work through. Unfortunately we currently code
         | in short bursts and mostly are trying to figure out how these
         | integrations are supposed to happen and why the different teams
         | tell us different things
        
       | johnnienaked wrote:
       | The issue with framing this as a resurrection of the productivity
       | paradox is that AI had never even theoretically increased
       | productivity.
       | 
       | I think in retrospect it's going to look very silly.
        
       | casey2 wrote:
       | Of course AI is bullshit. If you couldn't just use it yourself
       | and figure that out then ask yourself why people like Bezos or
       | Altman are perfectly happy "investing" other people's money but
       | not their own. If they actually believed their own bullshit they
       | would personally be investing all of their money AND taking on
       | personal debt. Instead Bezos, a guy worth ~200B, sells 5B worth
       | of stock to invest in "AI-adjacent" (power generation) industry,
       | while making amazon invest 200B in data centers. Talk about
       | conflict of interest! WTF!
        
       | transcriptase wrote:
       | Mentioning AI in an earnings call means fuck all when what
       | they're actually referring to is toggling on the permissions for
       | borderline useless copilot features across their enterprise 365
       | deployments or being convinced to buy some tool that's actually
       | just a wrapper around API calls to a cheap/outdated OpenAI model
       | with a hidden system prompt.
       | 
       | Yeah, if your Fortune 500 workplace is claiming to be leveraging
       | AI because it has a few dozen relatively tech illiterate
       | employees using it to write their em dash/emoji riddled emails
       | about wellness sessions and teams invites for trivia events...
       | there's not going to be a noticeable uptick in productivity.
       | 
       | The real productivity comes from tooling that no sufficiently
       | risk adverse pubco IS department is going to let their employees
       | use, because when all of their incentives point to saying no to
       | installing anything ever, the idea of giving the permissions
       | required for agentic AI to do anything useful is a non-starter.
        
       | lukaslalinsky wrote:
       | There was a recent post where someone said AI allows them to
       | start and finish projects. And I find that exactly true. AI
       | agents are helpful for starting proof of concepts. And for doing
       | finishing fixes to an established codebase. For a lot of the work
       | in the middle, I can be still useful, but the developer is more
       | important there.
        
       | tabs_or_spaces wrote:
       | My experience has been
       | 
       | * If I don't know how to do something, llms can get me started
       | really fast. Basically it distills the time taken to research
       | something to a small amount.
       | 
       | * if I know something well, I find myself trying to guide the llm
       | to make the best decisions. I haven't reached the state of
       | completely letting go and trusting the llm yet, because the llm
       | doesn't make good long term decisions
       | 
       | * when working alone, I see the biggest productivity boost in ai
       | and where I can get things done.
       | 
       | * when working in a team, llms are not useful at all and can
       | sometimes be a bottleneck. Not everyone uses llms the same,
       | sharing context as a team is way harder than it should be. People
       | don't want to collaborate. People can't communicate properly.
       | 
       | * so for me, solo engineers or really small teams benefit the
       | most from llms. Larger teams and organizations will struggle
       | because there's simply too much human overheads to overcome. This
       | is currently matching what I'm seeing in posts these days
        
         | aurareturn wrote:
         | The future of work is fewer human team members and way more AI
         | assistants.
         | 
         | I think companies will need fewer engineers but there will be
         | more companies.
         | 
         | Now: 100 companies who employ 1,000 engineers each
         | 
         | What we are transitioning to: 1000 companies who employ 10
         | engineers each
         | 
         | What will happen in the future: 10,000 companies who employ 1
         | engineer each
         | 
         | Same number of engineers.
         | 
         | We are about to enter an era of explosive software production,
         | not from big tech but from small companies. I don't think this
         | will only apply to the software industry. I expect this to
         | apply to every industry.
        
           | itake wrote:
           | yeah, I agree.
           | 
           | When Engineering Budget Managers see their AI bills rising,
           | they will fire the bottom 5-10% every 6-12 months and
           | increase the AI assistant budget for the high performers,
           | giving them even more leverage.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | In my case, over the last 3 years, every dev who left was
             | not replaced. We are doing more than ever.
             | 
             | Our team shrunk by 50% but we are serving 200% more
             | customers. Every time a dev left, we thought we're screwed.
             | We just leveraged AI more and more. We are also serving our
             | customers better too with higher retention rates. When we
             | onboard a customer with custom demands, we used to have
             | meetings about the ROI. Now we just build the custom
             | demands in the time we took to meet to discuss whether we
             | should even do it.
             | 
             | Today, I maintain a few repos critical to the business
             | without even knowing the programming language they are
             | written in. The original developers left the company. All I
             | know is what is suppose to go into the service and what is
             | suppose to come out. When there is a bug, I ask the AI why.
             | The AI almost always finds it. When I need to change
             | something, I double and triple check the logic and I know
             | how to test the changes.
             | 
             | No, a normal person without a background in software
             | engineering can't do this. That's why I still have a job.
             | But how I spend my time as a software engineer has changed
             | drastically and so has my productivity.
             | 
             | When a software dev say AI doesn't increase their
             | productivity, it truly does feel like they're using it
             | wrong or don't know how to use it.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > Today, I maintain a few repos critical to the business
               | without even knowing the programming language they are
               | written in. _[...]_ No, a normal person without a
               | background in software engineering can 't do this.
               | 
               | Of course they can - if you don't know any of the tech-
               | stack details (i.e. a "normal" user), why can't someone
               | else who also doesn't know the tech-stackc details
               | replace you?
               | 
               | What magic sauce do you possess other than tech-stack
               | chops?
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | In the future, they might be able to. Not yet though. I
               | still have a job.
               | 
               | When a non software engineer can build a production app
               | as well as I can, I know I won't be working as a software
               | engineer anymore. In that world, having great ideas,
               | data, compute, and energy will be king.
               | 
               | I don't think we will get there within the next 3-4
               | years. Beyond that, who knows.
        
               | akkanzn wrote:
               | Could you provide some details on your company, code
               | base, etc? These are wild claims and don't match the
               | reality I'm seeing everywhere else.
               | 
               | How big is your team? How many customers? What's your
               | product? Can we see the code? How do you track defects?
               | Etc.
               | 
               | Part of the reason I'm struggling with this is because
               | we'd be seeing OpenAI, Anthropic, etc. plastering these
               | case studies everywhere if they existed. Instead, I'm
               | stuck using CC and all its poorly implemented warts.
        
             | alternatex wrote:
             | Now if only companies knew how to correctly assess actual
             | impact and not perceived impact.
        
               | itake wrote:
               | I don't think this is an AI problem. Even before AI,
               | FANGA companies famously optimize promotions on perceived
               | impact.
               | 
               | During the promo review, people will look how many
               | projects were done and the impact of those projects.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | Acquisition rate, retention rate, revenue, profit margin?
        
               | alternatex wrote:
               | By those metrics, Microsoft lost 20% of it's value due to
               | hopping on the AI coding assistance train.
               | 
               | I'm not saying it is the case, just making it apparent
               | how unreliable it is to measure productivity by comparing
               | what's happening at the lowest level in a company to its
               | financials.
        
           | lnsru wrote:
           | That means the system will collapse in the future. Now from
           | bunch of people some good programmers are made. Rest go into
           | marketing, sales, agile or other not really technical roles.
           | When the initial crowd will be gone there will be no
           | experienced users of AI. Crappy inexperienced developer will
           | make more crap without prior experience and ability to judge
           | the design decisions. Basically no seniors without juniors.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | This implies that writing code by hand will remain the best
             | way to create software.
             | 
             | The seniors today who have got to senior status by writing
             | code manually will be different than seniors of tomorrow,
             | who got to senior status using AI tools.
             | 
             | Maybe people will become more of generalists rather than
             | specialists.
        
               | xienze wrote:
               | > The seniors today who have got to senior status by
               | writing code manually will be different than seniors of
               | tomorrow, who got to senior status using AI tools.
               | 
               | That's putting it mildly. I think it's going to be
               | interesting to see what happens when an entire generation
               | of software developers who've only ever known "just ask
               | the LLM to do it" are unleashed on the world. I think
               | these people will have close to no understanding of how
               | computing works on a fundamental level. Sort of like the
               | difference between Gen-X/millenial (and earlier)
               | developers who grew up having to interact with computers
               | primarily through CLIs (e.g., DOS), having to at least
               | have some understanding of memory management, low-level
               | programming, etc. versus the Gen-Z developers who've only
               | ever known computers through extremely high level
               | interfaces like iPads.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | I barely know how assembly, CPUs, GPUs, compilers,
               | networking work. Yet, software that I've designed and
               | written have been used by hundreds of millions of people.
               | 
               | Sure, maybe you would have caught the bug if you wrote
               | assembly instead of C. But the C programmer still
               | released much better software than you faster. By the
               | time you shipped v1 in assembly, the C program has
               | already iterated 100 times and found product market fit.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | Casey Muratori says that every programmer should
               | understand how computers work and if you don't understand
               | how computers work you can't be a good programmer.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | I might not be a good programmer but I've been a very
               | productive one.
               | 
               | Someone who is good at writing code isn't always good at
               | making money.
        
               | gzread wrote:
               | AI slop books made more money than JK Rowling, too.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | Maybe in the future, yea. Most likely not because
               | creating books is much easier now but total reading time
               | can't increase nearly as fast. More books chasing the
               | same amount of reading time.
        
               | mghackerlady wrote:
               | To be fair, I wouldn't be entirely surprised if they were
               | better than barfs onto a page. She's not exactly Tolkien
        
               | toldnotmywrath wrote:
               | Problem with much of this talk is receipts are always
               | nowhere to be found.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | But I don't see any receipts from the opposite side
               | either.
        
               | lnsru wrote:
               | Generalist is not automatically bad. I design digital
               | high speed hardware and write (probably crappy) Qt code.
               | The thing is that I have experience to judge my work.
               | Greenhorns can't and this will lead to crapification of
               | the whole industry. I often ask AI tools for an advice.
               | Sometimes it's very useful, sometimes it's complete
               | hallucination. On average it definitely makes me better
               | developer. Having rather abstract answer I can derive
               | exact solution. But that comes from my previous
               | experience. Without experience it's a macabre guessing
               | game.
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | > smaller companies
           | 
           | And large companies. The first half of my career was spent
           | writing internal software for large companies. I believe it's
           | still the case that the majority of software written is for
           | internal software. AI will be a boon for these use cases as
           | it will make it easier for every company big and small to
           | have custom software for its exact use case(s).
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | > AI will be a boon for these use cases as it will make it
             | easier for every company big and small to have custom
             | software
             | 
             | Big cos often have the problem of defining the internal
             | problems they're trying to solve. Once identified they have
             | to create organizational permission structures to allow the
             | solutions. Then they need to stay on tasks long enough to
             | build and use the software to solve the problem.
             | 
             | Only one of these steps is easily improved with AI.
        
             | dgoldstein0 wrote:
             | And thenb potentially suffer from integration hell.
             | 
             | The benefit of using off the shelf software is that many of
             | the integration problems get solved by other people. Heck
             | you may not even know you have a problem and they may
             | already have a solution.
             | 
             | Custom software on the other hand could just breed more
             | demand for custom software. We gotta be careful how much
             | custom stuff we do lest it get completely out of hand
        
           | vjk800 wrote:
           | > I think companies will need fewer engineers but there will
           | be more companies.
           | 
           | This would be strange, because all other technology
           | development in history has taken things the exact opposite
           | direction; larger companies that can do things on scale and
           | outcompete smaller ones.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | This would be strange, because all other technology
             | development in history has taken things the exact opposite
             | direction; larger companies that can do things on scale and
             | outcompete smaller ones.
             | 
             | I don't think this has always been true.
             | 
             | Youtube allowed many more small media production companies
             | - sometimes just one person in their garage.
             | 
             | Shopify allowed many more small retailers.
             | 
             | Steam & cheap game engines allowed many more indie game
             | developers instead of just a few big studios.
             | 
             | It likely depends on the stage of the tech development. I
             | can see Youtube channels consolidating into a few very
             | large channels. But today, there are far more media
             | production companies than 30 years ago.
        
               | trollbridge wrote:
               | That's an argument for giant companies at scale like
               | Google/YouTube.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | I don't think so. Are there more media production
               | entities now or in the 2000s?
        
           | mirsadm wrote:
           | This seems like a bot comment.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | So is yours.
        
           | storus wrote:
           | It will lead to hollowing out of the substance everywhere.
           | The constant march to more abstraction and simplicity will
           | inevitably end up with AI doing all the work and nobody
           | understanding what is going on underneath, turning technology
           | into magic again. We have seen people losing touch with how
           | things work with every single move towards abstraction,
           | machine code -> C -> Java -> JavaScript -> async/await -> ...
           | -> LLM code generation, producing generations of devs that
           | are more and more detached from the metal and living in a
           | vastly simplified landscape not understanding trade-offs of
           | the abstractions they are using, which leads to some
           | unsolvable problems in production that inevitably arise due
           | to the choices made for them by the abstractions.
        
             | csa wrote:
             | > nobody understanding what is going on underneath
             | 
             | I think many developers, especially ones who come from EE
             | backgrounds, grossly overestimate the number of people
             | needed who understand what is going on underneath.
             | 
             | "Going on underneath" is a lot of interesting and hard
             | problems, ones that true hackers are attracted to, but I
             | personally don't think that it's a good use of talented
             | people to have 10s or 100s of thousands of people working
             | on those problems.
             | 
             | Let the tech geniuses do genius work.
             | 
             | Meanwhile, there is a massive need for many millions of
             | people who can solve business problems with tech
             | abstractions. As an economy (national or global), supply is
             | nowhere close to meeting demand in this category.
        
               | storus wrote:
               | The point is that LLMs can only replicate what existed
               | somewhere, they aren't able to invent new things. Once
               | humans lose their edge, there won't be any AI-driven
               | progress, just a remix of existing stuff. That was the
               | hollowing out I mentioned. Obviously, even these days
               | there is tech that looks like magic (EUV lito etc.) but
               | there are at least some people that understand how it all
               | works.
        
           | kilroy123 wrote:
           | I think we were headed that way before LLMs came on to hunt
           | scene.
           | 
           | LLMs just accelerated this trend.
        
           | roncesvalles wrote:
           | By and large "AI assistant" is not a real thing. Everyone
           | talks about it but no one can point you to one, because it
           | doesn't exist (at least not in a form that any fair non-
           | disingenuous reading of that term would imply). It's one big
           | collective hallucination.
        
           | Wilder7977 wrote:
           | And those companies will do what? Produce products in uber-
           | saturated markets?
           | 
           | Or magically 9900 more products or markets will be created,
           | all of them successful?
        
             | rkomorn wrote:
             | I don't understand the people who think more companies with
             | fewer employees is a good thing.
             | 
             | I already feel spammed to death by desperate requests for
             | my consumption as is.
        
               | graybeardhacker wrote:
               | Because: 1. One person companies are better at giving the
               | wealth to the worker. 2. With thousands of companies the
               | products can be more targeted and each product can serve
               | fewer people and still be profitable
               | 
               | Then companies won't need to spam you to convince you
               | that you need something you don't. Or that their product
               | will help you in ways it can't.
               | 
               | Once person companies will not have a 100 person
               | marketing team trying to inject ads into ever corner of
               | your life.
        
               | rkomorn wrote:
               | > Once person companies will not have a 100 person
               | marketing team trying to inject ads into ever corner of
               | your life.
               | 
               | Because these one person companies will scale up
               | everything with AI except marketing/advertising? Consider
               | me skeptical.
        
               | toldnotmywrath wrote:
               | > One person companies will not have a 100 person
               | marketing team to inject ads into every corner of your
               | life.
               | 
               | But they could have a thousand-agent swarm connected via
               | MCP to everything within our field of vision to bury us
               | with ads.
               | 
               | It's been a long time since I read "The Third Wave" and
               | up until 2026, not much has reminded me about its "Small
               | is beautiful", and "rise of the prosumer" themes besides
               | the content creator economy which is arguably the worst
               | thing to ever happen to humanity's information
               | environment, and LLM agent discussions.
        
               | rkomorn wrote:
               | > the content creator economy
               | 
               | This is exactly one of the things I find maddening at the
               | moment. "Everyone" (except my actual friends) on social
               | media is trying to sell me something.
               | 
               | Eg: I like dogs. It's becoming increasingly hard to
               | follow dog accounts without someone trying to sell me
               | their sponsor's stuff.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | Go back to a time at the start of Youtube.
             | 
             | Now answer these questions:
             | 
             | And what will those people who make videos on Youtube do?
             | Produce videos in uber-saturated categories?
             | 
             | Or magically 9900 more media channels will be created, all
             | of them successful?
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | To follow this up, one of my favorite channels on Youtube
               | is Outdoor Boys. It's just a father who made videos once
               | a week doing outdoor things like camping with his family.
               | He has amassed billions of views on his channel.
               | Literally a one-man operation. He does all the filming,
               | editing himself. No marketing. His channel got so popular
               | that he had to quit to protect his family from fame.
               | 
               | Many large production companies in the 2000s would have
               | been extremely happy with that many views. They would
               | have laughed you out of the building if you told them a
               | single person could ever produce compelling enough video
               | content and get at many viewers.
        
               | snarf21 wrote:
               | Serious question: but aren't there thousands of other
               | guys doing almost the same thing and getting almost no
               | views? Even if there are lots of new channels, there
               | aren't going to be lots of winners
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | But there are many Youtubers making a decent living doing
               | it as a one person shop or a small team. In the past, you
               | needed to a large team with a large budget and buy in
               | from TV/DVDs/VHS to get an audience.
        
             | csa wrote:
             | > And those companies will do what? Produce products in
             | uber-saturated markets?
             | 
             | > Or magically 9900 more products or markets will be
             | created, all of them successful?
             | 
             | Yes. Products will become more tailored/bespoke rather than
             | a lot of the one size fits all approach that is pervasive
             | now.
        
         | TimByte wrote:
         | I suspect the real breakthrough for teams won't be better raw
         | models, but better ways to make the "AI-assisted thinking"
         | legible and shareable across the group, instead of trapped in
         | personal prompt histories
        
           | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
           | This seems like a problem simply stated but not simply
           | solved. I think Grokipedia or whatever it was called was a
           | real exercise in "no one cares about cached LLM output". The
           | ephemeral nature of LLM output is somehow a core property of
           | its utility. Kind of like I never share a Google search with
           | a coworker, I share the link I found.
        
           | giancarlostoro wrote:
           | I sort of have this indirectly solved with a project I'm
           | working on inspired by Beads. One thing I added is as you
           | have the LLM work on tasks, you can sync them directly to
           | GitHub, I would love to add other ticketing / task backends
           | to it, but I mostly just use GitHub. You can also create them
           | on GitHub and sync them down and claim a task (the tool will
           | post a comment on GitHub that you've claimed the work). I can
           | see people using it to collaborate easier, but for the time
           | being it's just me using it for myself. ;)
           | 
           | These tasks become your prompt once refined. I basically
           | braindump to Claude, have it make tasks from my brain dump.
           | Then I tell Claude to ask me clarifying questions, it updates
           | the tasks and then I have Claude do market research for some
           | or all tasks to see what the most common path is to solve a
           | given problem and then update the tasks.
           | 
           | https://github.com/Giancarlos/guardrails
        
         | stephenr wrote:
         | > llms can get me started really fast. Basically it distills
         | the time taken to research something
         | 
         | > the llm doesn't make good long term decisions
         | 
         | What could possibly go wrong, using something you know makes
         | bad decisions, as the basis of your learning something new.
         | 
         | It's like if a dietician instructed a client to go watch
         | McDonald's staff, when they ask how to cook the type of meals
         | that have been recommended.
        
           | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
           | I'm bearish on AI, but I still think this is disingenuous. My
           | grade school math teachers were probably not well-versed in
           | Calculus and Real Analysis, but they helped me learn my time
           | tables just as well.
           | 
           | AI is great at exposing you to what you don't even know you
           | don't know: your personal unknown unknowns, the complexity
           | you're completely unaware of.
        
             | stephenr wrote:
             | > My grade school math teachers were probably not well-
             | versed in Calculus and Real Analysis, but they helped me
             | learn my time tables just as well.
             | 
             | Are you somehow equating basic multiplication to a "bad
             | long term decision"?
        
               | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
               | No, I was focusing on this quote:
               | 
               | > llms can get me started really fast. Basically it
               | distills the time taken to research
               | 
               | I was saying that it speeds up research by exposing you
               | to the things you don't know that you don't know.
        
               | stephenr wrote:
               | > exposing you to the things you don't know that you
               | don't know
               | 
               | Or the things that it has hallucinated, or just
               | referenced incorrectly.
               | 
               | That's my point. You're talking about learning basic
               | maths from a school teacher who isn't a Calculus expert,
               | but the thread is talking about learning maths from a kid
               | with ADHD who completes the homework before the teacher
               | has finished describing what needs to be done, but
               | sometimes returns homework in an invented language with
               | references to Cthulhu throughout it.
        
         | nutjob2 wrote:
         | To me the biggest benefit of LLMs has always been as a learning
         | tol, be it for general queries or "build this so I can get an
         | idea of how it works and get started quickly". There are so
         | many little things that you need to know when trying anything
         | new.
        
       | trappist wrote:
       | "Admitted" as the verb in a statement like this is blatant
       | editorialization. Did they just finally "admit" what they had
       | been reluctant to reveal? No doubt with their heads hung in
       | shame?
       | 
       | Maybe this bothers me more than it should.
        
       | VerifiedReports wrote:
       | "What had promised to be a boom to workplace productivity.."
       | 
       | No. BOON. A BOON to workplace productivity.
       | 
       | And then the writer doubles down on the error by proving it was
       | not a typo, ending the sentence with "...was for several years a
       | bust."
        
       | jillesvangurp wrote:
       | I think the article is very premature. Lots of companies are slow
       | to adapt. And while there are a lot of early adopters, there are
       | way more people still not really adapting what they do.
       | 
       | There are some real changes in day to day software development.
       | Programmers seem to be spending a lot of time prompting LLMs
       | these days. Some more than others. But the trend is pretty hard
       | to deny at this point. That snowballed in just 6-7 months from
       | mostly working in IDEs to mostly working in Agentic coding tools.
       | Codex was barely usable before the summer (I'm biased to that
       | since that is what I use but it wasn't that far behind Claude
       | Code). Their cli tool got a lot more usable in autumn and by
       | Christmas I was using it more and more. The Desktop app release
       | and the new model releases only three weeks ago really spiked my
       | usage. Claude Code was a bit earlier but saw a similar massive
       | increase in utility and usability.
       | 
       | It is still early days. This report cannot possibly take into
       | account these massive improvements that hav been playing out over
       | essentially just the last few months. This time last year,
       | Agentic coding was barely usable. You had isolated early adopters
       | of Claude Code, Cursor, and similar tools. Compare to what we
       | have now, these tools weren't very good.
       | 
       | In the business world things are delayed much more. We
       | programmers have the advantage that many/most of our tools are
       | highly scriptable (by design) and easy to figure out for LLMs. As
       | soon as AI coders figured out how to patch tool calling into LLMs
       | there was this massive leap in utility as LLMs suddenly gained
       | feedback loops based on existing tools that it could suddenly
       | just use.
       | 
       | This has not happened yet for the vast majority of business
       | tools. There are lots of permission and security issues.
       | Proprietary tools that are hard to integrate with. Even things
       | like wordprocessors, spreadsheets, presentation tools, and
       | email/calendar tools remain poorly integrated. You can really see
       | Apple, MS, and Google struggle with this. They are all taking
       | baby steps here but the state of the art is still "copy this blob
       | of text in your tool". Forget about it respecting your document
       | theme, or structure. Agentic tool usage is not widely spread
       | outside the software engineering community yet.
       | 
       | The net result is that the business world still has a lot of
       | drudgery in the form of people manually copying data around
       | between UIs that are mostly not accessible to agentic tools yet.
       | Also many users aren't that tool savvy to begin with. It's
       | unreasonable to expect people like that to be impacted a lot by
       | AI this early in the game. There's a lot of this stuff that is in
       | scope for automating with agentic tools. Most of it is a lot less
       | hard than the type of stuff programmers already deal with in
       | their lives.
       | 
       | Most of the effects this will have on the industry will play out
       | over the next few years. We've seen nothing yet. Especially
       | bigger companies will do so very conservatively. They are mostly
       | incapable of rapid change. Just look at how slow the big trillion
       | dollar companies are themselves with eating their own dog food.
       | And they literally invented and bootstrapped most of this stuff.
       | The rest of the industry is worse at this.
       | 
       | The good news is that the main challenges at this point are non
       | technical: organizational lag, security practices, low level
       | API/UI plumbing to facilitate agentic tool usage, etc. None of
       | this stuff requires further leaps in AI model quality. But doing
       | the actual work to make this happen is not a fast process. From
       | proof of concept to reality is a slow process. Five years would
       | be exceptionally fast. That might actually happen given the
       | massive impact this stuff might have.
        
       | enraged_camel wrote:
       | This study spans 3 years, so it goes back to ChatGPT 3.5 era. Not
       | sure how valid it is, considering the breakneck speed at which
       | everything moves.
        
       | littlecranky67 wrote:
       | I'm saying it over and over, AI is not killing dev jobs,
       | offshoring is. The AI hype happens to fall into the end of the
       | pandemic, and lots of companies went to work-from-home and are
       | now hiring cheaper devs around the world.
        
       | alexwennerberg wrote:
       | Large firms are extremely bureaucratic organizations largely
       | isolated from the market by their monopolistic positions.
       | Internal pressures rule over external ones, and thus,
       | inefficiency abounds. AI undeniably is a productive tool, but
       | large companies aren't really primarily concerned with
       | productivity.
        
         | vjk800 wrote:
         | Indeed. Most large companies don't need AI to increase
         | productivity - they just need to stop wasting time on stupid
         | bullshit. However, figuring out what is stupid bullshit and
         | what is not seems to be an impossible task, and I don't think
         | AI is going to help here at all.
        
           | psychoslave wrote:
           | What are you talking about, if there is one thing on which
           | LLM shine, it's generating vast amount of bullshit. That's
           | extreme productivity gains.
           | 
           | Also flame-wars can be autofed ad nauseam now, so there's
           | going to be less and less interest in engaging into them. In
           | an act of desperation, idle trolls will turn to tasks tracked
           | by KPIs.
        
       | d--b wrote:
       | CEOs have no clue what's going on at the IC level.
       | 
       | I bet many CEO PA are using AI for many tasks. It's typically a
       | role where AI is very useful. Answering emails, moving meetings
       | around, booking and buying a bunch of crap.
        
         | bandrami wrote:
         | I ask this as a genuine question: who needs help "answering
         | emails" and what part of it do they need help with?
        
           | d--b wrote:
           | A lot of people obsess over phrasing.
           | 
           | Like for instance you want to tell a coworker his work is
           | shit, but don't know how to put it in a way that's not going
           | hurt them or make you look like an asshole.
           | 
           | I know people who'd potentially spend hours on a single email
           | like this.
        
       | vjk800 wrote:
       | My experience has been that AI is much more useful on my own
       | systems than on company systems. For AI to (currently) be useful,
       | I need to choose my own tooling and LLM models to support AI
       | centered workflow. At work, I have to use whatever (usually
       | Microsoft) tools my company has chosen to purchase and approve
       | for my corporate computer, and usually nothing works as well as
       | on my own machine where I get to set it up as I want.
        
         | sigmoid10 wrote:
         | What you are describing is a failure to integrate AI into said
         | company systems. I have seen quite a few companies now that buy
         | MS AI products with great hopes only to be severely
         | disappointed, because they may as well have just used vanilla
         | ChatGPT (in fact then they would at least get newer models
         | faster). But there are counter examples too. If you can pull
         | all your company documentation into a vector db and build a RAG
         | based assistant, you can potentially save countless hours
         | across your workforce and possibly customers too. But this is
         | not easy and also requires some level of UI interactivity that
         | noone really offers right now. In fact they can't offer it,
         | because you usually need to integrate ancient, arcane sources
         | into your system. So you do have to write a lot of integration
         | code yourself at every step. Not many companies are willing to
         | spend that kind of money and effort, because managers just want
         | to buy a MS product and be done with improving efficiency by
         | next quarter.
        
           | mark_l_watson wrote:
           | I have been using vector based RAG for about two years now, I
           | am not knocking the tech, but last year I started
           | experimenting with going way back in time and also in
           | parallel trying BM25 search (or hybrid BM25 and vector). So:
           | not even a very good example use case of LLMs, the tech is
           | not always applicable.
           | 
           | EDIT: I am on a mobile device and don't have a reference
           | handy but there have been good papers on RAG scaling issues -
           | basically the embedding space gets saturated (too many
           | document chunks cluster in small areas of the embedding
           | space), if my memory is correct.
        
             | sigmoid10 wrote:
             | Depends on your use case. A system that can do full text
             | and semantic search across a vast archive, open files based
             | on that search to retrieve detail and generate an answer
             | after sifting through hundreds of pages is pretty powerful.
             | Especially if you mange to pair it with document link
             | generation and page citation.
        
         | mark_l_watson wrote:
         | I agree with you, but then I am retired so my opinion is not
         | that relevant.
         | 
         | I have a sweet spot for using just Emacs, no other IDEs except
         | very occasional use of AntiGravity. For a particular fun
         | project or researching how to use generative models in
         | applications, I like to start low: see if a small local model
         | with appropriate tool use or agentic library will get the job
         | done, if not move up to using something cheap like
         | gemini-3-flash, and only if none of these approaches work, then
         | use an expensive model.
         | 
         | I was advising a friend's company last month on their
         | application that effectively uses LLM models, but I was blown
         | away by their zeal to spend lots of money on tokens.
        
       | hestefisk wrote:
       | I am in strategy consulting and I can tell you the productivity
       | gains are real in terms of research, model building, and
       | summarising work. The result is price pressure from our clients.
        
       | EastLondonCoder wrote:
       | I think the deluge on projects on show HN points to something
       | real, its possible today to ship projects as a one man shop that
       | looks like something that just a year or so would have required a
       | team.
       | 
       | Personally I have noticed strange effects, where I previously
       | would have reached for a software package to make something or
       | solve an issue, its now often faster for me to write a specific
       | program just for my use case. Just this weekend I needed a reel
       | with a specific look to post on instagram but instead of trying
       | to use something like after effects, i could quickly cobble
       | together a program that was using css transforms that outputted a
       | series of images I could tie together with ffmpeg.
       | 
       | About a month ago I was unhappy with the commercial ticketing
       | systems, they were both expensive and opaque so I made my own.
       | Obviously for a case like that you need discipline and testing
       | when you take peoples money, so there was a lot of focus on end
       | to end testing.
       | 
       | I have a few more examples like this, but to make this work you
       | need to approach using LLMs with a certain amount of rigour. The
       | hardest part is to prevent drift in the model. There are a
       | certain number things you can do to make the model grounded in
       | reality.
       | 
       | When the tool doesn't have a reproducer, it'll happily invent a
       | story and you'll debug the story. If you ground the root cause in
       | for example a test, the model can get context enough to actually
       | solve the problem.
       | 
       | Another issue is that you need to read and understand code
       | quickly, but its no real difference from working with other
       | developers. When tests are passing I usually do a PR to myself
       | and then review as I usually would do.
       | 
       | A prerequisite is that you need tight specs, but those can also
       | be generated if you are experienced enough. You need enough
       | domain intuition to know what 'done' means and what to measure.
       | 
       | Personally I think the bottleneck will go from trying to get into
       | a flow state to write solutions to analyze the problem space and
       | verification.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | > I think the deluge on projects on show HN points to something
         | real, its possible today to ship projects as a one man shop
         | that looks like something that just a year or so would have
         | required a team.
         | 
         | Lots of these project have a lifespan of a week and will never
         | ever be maintained. When you pour blood and sweat in a projet
         | you get attached to it, when you vibe code it in an afternoon
         | and it's not and instant hit you move on to the next one.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | I find this difficult to reconcile with things like for example
       | freelance translation being basically wiped out wholesale
       | 
       | Or even the simple utility of having a chatbot. They're not
       | popular because they're useless
       | 
       | Which to me says it's more likely that people under estimate
       | corporate inertia
        
       | mark_l_watson wrote:
       | I think the best point made in this conversation is that AI is
       | often enough used to do things quickly that have little value, or
       | just waste people's time.
       | 
       | I am glad to see articles like this that evaluate impact, but I
       | wish the following would get more public interest:
       | 
       | With LLMs we are chasing sort-of linear growth in capability at
       | exponential cost increases for power and compute.
       | 
       | Were you mad when the government bailed out mis-managed banks?
       | The mother of all government bailouts might be using the US
       | taxpayer to fund idiot companies like Anthropic and OpenAI that
       | are spending $1000 in costs to earn $100.
       | 
       | I am starting to feel like the entire industry is lazy: we need
       | fundamental new research in energy and compute efficient AI. I do
       | love seeing non-LLM research efforts and more being done with
       | much smaller task-focused models, but the overall approach we are
       | taking in the USA is f$cking crazy. I fear we are going to lose
       | big-time on this one.
        
       | vagrantstreet wrote:
       | Perhaps something went wrong along the career path of a
       | developer? Personally during my education there is a severe lack
       | of actual coding done mid lectures, especially any sort of
       | showcase of tools that are available. We didn't even get taught
       | how to use debuggers, I see late year students still struggle how
       | to do basic navigation in a terminal.
       | 
       | And the biggest irony is that the "scariest" projects we had at
       | our university ended up being maybe 500-1000 lines of code,
       | things really must go back to hands on programming with real time
       | feedback from a teacher. LLM's only output what you ask and won't
       | really suggest concepts used by professionals unless you go out
       | of your way to ask for it, it all seems like a vicious cycle even
       | though meaningful code blocks can range along 5 to 100 lines
       | which. When I use LLM's I just get information burn out trying to
       | dig through all that info or code
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | In other words, everybody is benefiting from AI, except CEOs.
        
       | cadamsdotcom wrote:
       | Many people are using AI as a slot machine, rerolling repeatedly
       | until they get the result they want..
       | 
       | Once the tools help the AI to get feedback on what its first
       | attempt got right and wrong, then we will see the benefits.
       | 
       | And the models people use en masse - eg. free tier ChatGPT - need
       | to get to some threshold of capability where they're able to do
       | really well on the tasks they don't do well enough on today.
       | 
       | There's a tipping point there where models don't create more work
       | after they're used for a task, but we aren't there yet.
        
       | TimByte wrote:
       | General-purpose technologies tend to have long and uneven
       | diffusion curves. The hype cycle moves faster than organizational
       | change
        
       | concats wrote:
       | If we assume people are somewhat rational (big ask I know), and
       | the Efficient-market hypothesis, then we can estimate the value
       | created by AI to be roughly equal to the revenue of these AI
       | companies. That is: A professional who pays 20EUR/month likely
       | believes that the AI product provides them with roughly 20EUR
       | each month in productivity gains, or else they wouldn't be
       | paying, and similarly they would pay more for a bigger
       | subscription if they thought there was more low hanging fruit
       | available to grab.
       | 
       | Of course this doesn't take into account people who just pay to
       | play around and learn, non professional use cases, or a few other
       | things, but it's a rough ballpark estimate.
       | 
       | Assuming the above, current AI models would only increase the
       | productivity for most workplaces by a relatively small amount,
       | around 10-200 EUR per employee per month perhaps. Almost
       | indistinguishable compared to salaries and other business
       | expenses.
        
         | Ukv wrote:
         | > A professional who pays 20EUR/month likely believes that the
         | AI product provides them with roughly 20EUR each month in
         | productivity gains, or else [...] they would pay more for a
         | bigger subscription
         | 
         | Unless I'm misunderstanding, shouldn't someone rational want to
         | pay where (value - cost) is highest, opposed to increasing cost
         | to the point where it _equals_ value (which has diminishing
         | returns)?
         | 
         | A $40 subscription creating $1000 worth of value would be
         | preferred over a $200 subscription creating $1100 of value, for
         | instance, and both preferred over a $1200 subscription creating
         | $1200 of value.
        
           | concats wrote:
           | True! (value - cost) would be better.
           | 
           | I was more so limiting myself to the simpler heuristic where
           | people only pay roughly what they personally think something
           | is worth, and not significantly more/less regardless of the
           | options. But of course, as you've pointed out, in real life
           | the options available really do matter, and someone might
           | decline a 200:1200 trade if there are even more lopsided
           | options available. It does complicate the though experiment
           | somewhat if you try to take this into account.
        
       | NVHacker wrote:
       | Isn't it a bit early to draw such conclusions ? We are just
       | getting started with AI use, especially in tech / engineering
       | teams, and have only scratched the surface with regards to what
       | is possible.
        
       | flurdy wrote:
       | It's the same reason why I have, for more than a decade, been so
       | frustrated with people refusing to consider proper pair
       | programming and even mob programming, as they view the need to
       | keep people busy churning lines of code individually as the most
       | important part of the company.
       | 
       | That multiple AI agents can now churn out those lines relatively
       | nearly instantly, and yet project velocity does not go much
       | faster, should start to make people aware that code generation is
       | not actually the crucial cost in time taken to deliver software
       | and projects.
       | 
       | I ranted recently that small mob teams with AI agents may be my
       | view of ideal team setup: https://blog.flurdy.com/2026/02/mob-
       | together-when-ai-joins-t...
        
         | lonelyasacloud wrote:
         | > ... and yet project velocity does not go much faster
         | 
         | 1) The models like us have finite context windows and
         | intelligence, even with good engineering practices system
         | complexity will eventually slow them down.
         | 
         | 2) At the moment at least, the code still needs to be reviewed
         | and signed off by us and reading someone else's code is usually
         | harder than writing it.
        
           | flurdy wrote:
           | Are people still reading PRs in detail manually?
           | 
           | I am after the automated PR agents have all passed a PR I
           | tend to let Claude Code and Codex give me a summary, with an
           | MCP skill to read the requirement story. I trust their
           | ability to catch edge cases and typos more than me. I just
           | check the general structure of the PR
        
             | flurdy wrote:
             | I may use my own skill to automate this...
             | https://github.com/flurdy/agent-
             | skills/blob/main/skills/revi...
        
             | lonelyasacloud wrote:
             | Anthropic, OpenAI, Google et. al. have EULAs and the best
             | lawyers money can buy ready to argue that any damage done
             | by publicly releasing bad or malicious code produced or
             | reviewed with their systems is the developers
             | responsibility for not checking properly.
             | 
             | > I trust their ability to catch edge cases and typos more
             | than me.
             | 
             | Given the vendors EULAs etc, if poop really hits the fan
             | with released code, then how is that likely to sound if the
             | lawyers get involved?
             | 
             | > Are people still reading PRs in detail manually?
             | 
             | Ultimately it all depends on circumstance and appetite for
             | risk, but yes many/most places still manually checking
             | releases.
        
       | spants wrote:
       | Maybe the CEOs do not realise that their workers are achieving
       | great productivity, completing their tasks in 1 hour instead of
       | 8, and spending time on the beach, rather than at their desks?
        
         | ssantoshp wrote:
         | most likely scenario
        
       | crispyambulance wrote:
       | I accept that AI-mediated productivity might not be what we
       | expect to be.
       | 
       | But really, are CEO's the best people to assess productivity?
       | What do they _actually_ use to measure it? Annual reviews? GTFO.
       | Perhaps more importantly, it's not like anything a C-level says
       | can ever be taken at face value when it involved their own
       | business.
        
         | NoLinkToMe wrote:
         | The latest company I worked in had your typical fee-earners and
         | fee-burners categories of employees.
         | 
         | The fee-earners had KPIs tied to the sales pipeline, from leads
         | to contracts to work completed on fixed contracts or hours
         | billed on variable-rate contracts. It's relatively easy to
         | measure improvements here. Though it's harder to distill the
         | causes of that and tie it to LLMs.
         | 
         | The fee-burners like in IT, legal, compliance, marketing,
         | finance, typically had KPIs tied to the department objectives.
         | This stuff is a LOT more subjective and a lot more prone to
         | manipulation (goodhart's law). But if you spend 60 hours a week
         | on work in such a department, you tend to have a pretty good
         | idea if things are speeding up or not at all. In a department I
         | was involved in there was a lot of KYC that involved reviewing
         | 300+ pages per case, we tracked case workload per person per
         | day, as well as success rates (percentage of case reviews
         | completed correctly), and could see meaningful changes one
         | could attribute to LLM use.
         | 
         | Agreed though that I'm more interested in a few case studies in
         | detail to understand how they actually measured productivity.
        
         | gjk3 wrote:
         | Most CEOs of large firms arent all that involved in the
         | details, so theres no way they can have a true and proper view
         | of the day-to-day operations on the ground level.
         | 
         | Steve Jobs is the only CEO of a large firm that I can re-call
         | that always remained intimately involved.
        
       | squeefers wrote:
       | thank goodness! our jobs are safe lads!!
        
       | hsuduebc2 wrote:
       | https://archive.is/t5Wxz
        
       | metalman wrote:
       | As a small bespoke manufactuter of things made out of metal, I
       | have recently begun implimenting a policy of abandoning most
       | online services, including banking, well almost as customers can
       | still send me money online, but I have to go to a branch to see
       | or get funds, except for monthly reports. It is awsome, the web
       | brings me customers via 2 web sites, and searches useing AI, but
       | the whole thing is asymetrical, as it has been more than a year
       | since my last online purchase or filling out a form, aplication
       | etc, all done on paper, in person, or I live without whatever it
       | is. The result is a work environment that is focused on customers
       | and production, and external obligations, requirements are
       | litteral, as they must be managed efficiently in person and in
       | such a way as to be finnished or stable, none of the death by
       | 1000 emails brain rot. The mental state of haveing zero knowledge
       | of what is happening on a millisecond by millisecond basis and
       | letting everything go, and lo the world grinds on just fine
       | without me, and I get a few things done. Mr Solow called it long
       | ago, and my intuition has always been that the busy work was
       | shit, and have now proven that in my one specific circumstance.
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | I think we are entering the phase where corporate is expecting
       | more ROI than they are getting, but want to remain in the arms
       | race.
       | 
       | The firmwide AI guru at my shop who sends out weekly usage
       | metrics and release notes started mentioning cost only in the
       | last few weeks. At first it was just about engaging with
       | individual business heads on setting budgets / rules and slowing
       | the cost growth rate.
       | 
       | A few weeks later and he is mentioning automated cost reporting,
       | model downgrading and circuit breaking at a per-user level. The
       | daily spend where you immediately get locked within 24 hours is
       | pretty low.
        
         | dranudin wrote:
         | I noticed something similar at my work. The CEO is hyping AI,
         | but at the same time free access to the big models was taken
         | away and rate limits seem to be much tighter..
        
       | rsynnott wrote:
       | Look, that's hardly the point, now, is it, CEOs? AI, or at least
       | saying "AI" a lot, makes number go up.
        
       | izucken wrote:
       | At my current job I am in deep net LOC negative despite all new
       | features... Somebody is getting fired and sued for stealing all
       | these LOCs from the company...
        
       | DivingForGold wrote:
       | Mirror:
       | 
       | https://archive.ph/tAUFb
        
       | nivcmo wrote:
       | The Solow paradox is real, but there's another factor: most
       | current AI tools are glorified autocomplete. You still have to
       | prompt them, check their work, and integrate their output into
       | your workflow.
       | 
       | The real productivity gains will come when AI runs autonomously -
       | handling tasks without constant supervision. Think email triage
       | that just happens, schedules that self-maintain, follow-ups that
       | occur automatically.
       | 
       | Right now we're in the "AI as fancy search" phase. The jump to
       | "AI as autonomous assistant" is where the productivity numbers
       | will start showing up.
        
       | seyz wrote:
       | Including 999 using Copilot.
        
       | RegW wrote:
       | Productivity is a moveable feast and tricky to compare with the
       | past. The productivity business talk about is the ratio of cost
       | to profit.
       | 
       | As tech become available to help reduce your costs and drive up
       | your profit, the same tech also reduces your competitor's costs
       | and perhaps lets more competitors into the market. This drives
       | down your product prices and reduces your profit.
       | 
       | So you invest but see no increase in productivity, but if you
       | don't do it - you're toast.
        
       | saezbaldo wrote:
       | One underexplored reason: companies can't give AI agents real
       | authority. The moment an agent needs to do anything beyond
       | summarizing text -- update a CRM, transfer funds, modify
       | infrastructure -- the security question kills it. No one wants an
       | agent that can take irreversible actions with no approval chain.
       | Until the trust architecture problem is solved, AI stays in read-
       | only mode for most enterprises.
        
         | plaidfuji wrote:
         | This is the biggest bottleneck. To realize the "replacement of
         | white collar workers" fever dream, (which is, I still believe,
         | technically feasible), you need the agent that replaces them to
         | have all of the context they had. All of the emails, all of the
         | Slacks, all of the meeting minutes, access to private corporate
         | systems and files, etc. I can't think of a single company that
         | would want to turn all of that over to OpenAI.
        
           | bdangubic wrote:
           | > I can't think of a single company that would want to turn
           | all of that over to OpenAI
           | 
           | you'd be surprised... the largest IP in the majority of cases
           | is the codebase itself. once that hurdle was crossed the rest
           | is easy decision
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | This is because the vast majority of white collar activity in a
       | large corporation produces no direct economic value.
       | 
       | Making it easier/better just means more/higher quality
       | "worthless" work is performed. The incentives in the not-directly
       | -productive parts of organizations are to keep busy and maintain
       | a stream of signals of productivity. For this , AI just raises
       | the bar. The 25% of the work that -is- important to producing
       | economic value just gets reduced to 15%.
       | 
       | The workforce in large orgs that is most AI adjacent is already
       | idling along in terms of production of direct economic value.
       | Making them 10x more productive in nonproductive work will not
       | impact critical metrics in a short timeframe.
       | 
       | It's worth noting that these "not directly productive" activities
       | actually can (and often do) produce value, eventually. Things
       | like brand identity, culture, and meta-innovation, vision
       | (search-space) are intangibles that present as cost centers but
       | can prove invaluable in longer timescales if done right.
        
         | ddtaylor wrote:
         | There are a lot of people who sit with their laptop open while
         | streaming something, sleeping or messing with their phone while
         | periodically waking up to join a new meeting or fiddle with
         | something to make it look like they are active.
         | 
         | These are the people "shocked" when they are displaced.
        
           | gjk3 wrote:
           | There are many reasons why such people might be employed.
           | E.g. preventing a competitor from hoarding talent, so you
           | decide to do it too.
           | 
           | Whats taught in economics textbooks doesnt always reflect
           | reality - ha.
        
         | gjk3 wrote:
         | Principal-agent problem.
         | 
         | The manager wants a large team. The shareholder who ultimately
         | employs the manager but does not control operations does not
         | want that of course.
         | 
         | Hmm.
        
       | cowpig wrote:
       | NVIDIA is doing circular finance deals with all of the top labs
       | to pump up demand for its products and charging a monopoly rate
       | on those products. Everything in computing is costing more.
       | 
       | Access to capital for everyone else is dropping. And the US
       | economy is being managed by chaos monkeys, causing all kinds of
       | supply chain disruptions. Oligopolies in almost every market are
       | increasingly jacking up prices above market equilibrium rates as
       | they are emboldened by a corrupted FTC.
       | 
       | Despite what Peter Thiel may have led you to believe, Monopolies
       | are not healthy for an economy in aggregate.
       | 
       | Of course the economy is slowing.
        
       | giancarlostoro wrote:
       | I'm not sure how you even measure productivity going up or down,
       | for many of us LLMs have allowed us to trim down the amount of
       | effort required to scour through google search results.
        
       | Ithildin wrote:
       | If I do something faster by pairing with AI, why should my
       | employer reap the benefit? Why would I pass the savings on to my
       | employer?
       | 
       | Could it be that employers are not seeing the difference because
       | most employees are doing something else with the time they've
       | saved by using AI?
       | 
       | There's been massive wage stagnation, benefits are crap, they
       | play games with PTO. Most people I talk to who use AI as a part
       | of their workflow are taking advantage of something nice that has
       | come their way for a change.
        
       | JanickSpielmann wrote:
       | I hope that RAM prices will drop soon as a result. Companies
       | cease to exist; therefore, datacenters are unnecessary.
        
       | des429 wrote:
       | This title is so click bait-y and misleading compared to what the
       | actual article is about it's tough not to feel disappointed this
       | is on the front page. @dang
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Belatedly fixed. Thanks!
         | 
         | p.s. @dang doesn't work reliably - hn@ycombinator.com is the
         | way to get a message delivered
        
       | DonnyV wrote:
       | I think the reason tech didn't help productivity until the late
       | 90s is pretty obvious. The internet was missing. Computers needed
       | the internet to make them useful to everyone. So the question
       | should be.
       | 
       | What is Ai missing that will make it useful to everyone?
        
       | rybosworld wrote:
       | Companies over a certain size (say more than 25+ employees), are
       | universally bad at:
       | 
       | - measuring productivity
       | 
       | - adapting to change
       | 
       | This article just reinforces that. Past a certain headcount,
       | executives have little to no understanding of what IC day-to-day
       | is like.
       | 
       | AI tooling doesn't fix the bureaucracy the c-suite helped to
       | create.
        
         | zubiaur wrote:
         | And there are incentives to miss-report.
         | 
         | My team has gained a reputation of being some sort of
         | firefighting crew.
         | 
         | We are being called by PMs when projects are failing, usually
         | engineering-data and engineering-adjacent stuff.
         | (Mechanical/Electrical).
         | 
         | We automate the heck out the processes, using a mix of AI
         | processing, RAGs, and AI assisted coding.
         | 
         | We rescue the projects. Finish ahead of schedule. Make fewer
         | mistakes. We gain additional scope. We win new projects. We
         | bring new clients.
         | 
         | But when higher ups ask the people we helped about productivity
         | gains, the most generous will say stuff like "it takes as long
         | to review as it takes to do things manually", "They really
         | helped on {inconsequential part of the deliverable}"
         | 
         | If the that is the takeaway these people were taking, they
         | would incredibly misled. Luckily for me, I have people who deal
         | with the politics, while my team can focus on delivery.
         | 
         | Our reputation keeps growing, and we keep delivering faster.
         | The heads of the departments we work with love us, the middle
         | rank who were doing the laborious crap, maybe not so much.
        
       | SKILNER wrote:
       | If you've ever undertaken the task of documenting entire
       | workflows, then you know that you quickly put up the white flag
       | at the word "entire".
       | 
       | When you actually talk to people about what they do there are
       | often many, many nuances, micro-events, micro-decisions and
       | micro-actions in their work. This is why it can take
       | days/weeks/months to completely train a new person for a job.
       | 
       | This level of detail is barely documented - anywhere. There is a
       | huge amount of information buried in workflows that AI has barely
       | had access to for training. A lot of this is more in the realm of
       | world models, rather than LLMs.
       | 
       | So imagine trying to use AI to improve these workflows it knows
       | so little about. Then imagine AI trying to reinvent them across
       | an organization.
       | 
       | We find these use cases where AI provides great value - totally
       | true - but these barely scratch the surface of what goes on.
        
       | skeeter2020 wrote:
       | Q: fortune (and a other sites) seem to be posted regularly but
       | they're inevitably paywalled; is this common for others or just
       | me? If it's common why are they posted here?
        
       | yubblegum wrote:
       | I've sat in a room with a too big to tail banker's VP happily
       | telling me and my boss that "we're getting rid of this whole
       | floor".
       | 
       | Dateline ~2010. Location: NYC Why:Indian outsourced shops.
       | 
       | Now the zinger, dear hn, is this: He actually said to us (we ran
       | a more boutique consulting firm) that "everything has to be done
       | 3 times" and "their work is crap". But "we're getting rid of this
       | floor".
       | 
       | That, imho, was due to geopolitical machinations of inducing
       | India to become part of the West. The immediate equation of
       | "money for quality work" wasn't working but the 'our higher ups'
       | had more grand plans and sacrificing and gutting the IT industry
       | in US was not a problem.
       | 
       | So, given the incentives these days, do not remotely pin your
       | hopes on what these CEOs are saying. It means nothing whatsoever.
        
         | franktankbank wrote:
         | And India buys russian oil so what exactly is the goal there.
        
       | bob1029 wrote:
       | The analogy that an LLM is simply an amplifier is apt for most
       | general business.
       | 
       | If you've already got a very effective team with clear
       | vision/goals, this technology will almost certainly help to some
       | degree.
       | 
       | If you've got a sinking ship of a business, this technology will
       | likely drag you down faster.
       | 
       | You always have to work backward from the customer into the
       | technology. AI will never change that. I've found myself waffling
       | on advice to some clients regarding AI because whether or not
       | they can effectively leverage it depends more on what the people
       | in the business are willing to do than what the technology can
       | do.
        
       | mulmen wrote:
       | How do they define productivity? How is it measured?
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | Erik Brynjolfsson: Productivity is 'Much Higher' Due to AI
       | 
       | https://www.wsj.com/video/erik-brynjolfsson-productivity-is-...
        
       | kevincloudsec wrote:
       | most of these companies deployed microsoft copilot, watched it
       | hallucinate meeting summaries for six months, and called that an
       | AI strategy. source: current situation
        
       | h0ek wrote:
       | Yeah, maybe the CEO doesn't see any impact on productivity -- but
       | mine definitely changed. I actually have more time for my own
       | stuff now, because AI quietly handles part of the work for me. Of
       | course, if productivity is measured by how many PowerPoint slides
       | get presented to the board, then sure -- nothing changed.
       | Especially when HR reports say "everything looks the same" --
       | because no one is tracking how much work is silently being
       | offloaded to AI. And just to avoid overworking myself, I even
       | asked AI to write this comment so I could focus on something else
       | in the meantime.
        
       | qgin wrote:
       | This may mean the centaur era will be shorter than expected. If
       | we take as a given that:
       | 
       | * AI is doing real work
       | 
       | * Humans using AI don't seem to get more done with AI than
       | without
       | 
       | There is a huge economic pressure to remove humans and just let
       | the AI do the work without them as soon as possible.
        
         | plaidfuji wrote:
         | I suspect this may be the case. There's inherent inefficiency
         | in having a human forced to translate everything into context
         | for the LLM. You don't get the full benefit until you allow it
         | to be fully plugged in.
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | It's not that AI is ineffective, but it will take time to create
       | solutions that are actually highly useful in real-world business
       | scenarios.
       | 
       | Quickly slapping "AI features" on a bunch of existing products --
       | like almost every SW company seems to have done in an effort to
       | appear "on the cutting edge" -- accomplishes almost nothing.
        
       | placebo_effect wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/tAUFb
        
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