[HN Gopher] The risk of a hothouse Earth trajectory
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The risk of a hothouse Earth trajectory
        
       Author : Archelaos
       Score  : 269 points
       Date   : 2026-02-11 19:25 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cell.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cell.com)
        
       | blueflow wrote:
       | Its not a "risk".
       | 
       | Water vapor (clouds) is a stonger greenhouse gas than carbon
       | dioxide. We already got measurably higher temperatures, so we
       | also have higher water evaporation, and from the last 5 years it
       | looks like it happens every year.
       | 
       | So the runaway is already happening, until something stops it
       | near hothouse conditions or hopefully earlier than that.
        
         | karmakurtisaani wrote:
         | And that's just one of the many positive feedback loops.
        
         | rkrisztian wrote:
         | Thank you for saying this. If you want to know the answer to
         | what causes climate problems, you need to go back to the era of
         | dinosaurs, where CO2 levels were multiple times higher than
         | today. Trees could thrive because they could breathe in a lot
         | of CO2. Dinosaurs got so big because there were plenty of food.
         | How could dinosaurs happily live with such high CO2 levels? The
         | key is that there were plenty of forests. Peter Wohlleben's
         | book "The Power of Trees: How Ancient Forests Can Save Us if We
         | Let Them" explains how forests naturally circulate water.
        
           | vaylian wrote:
           | The climate system in those prehistoric times was in a
           | different stable state. The world that we live in has
           | different ecosystems that are well-adapted to the current
           | stable state and we will likely face a mass-extinction event
           | once the ecological scales tip over.
           | 
           | The problem is also the speed in which the CO2 levels are
           | rising. Such a massive change in such a short geological time
           | is very unusual.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Water vapor (clouds) also reflects sunlight. So it's
         | complicated. We know the planet has had higher CO2 and higher
         | temperatures in the past, and it did not "run away"
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | It doesn't matter if the top of the curve flattens out, if we
           | can't survive outside of the bottom part that looks
           | exponential.
        
           | teamonkey wrote:
           | It might not run away to infinity, but it may well run away
           | in the sense that the rate of change could continue to
           | increase even if humans stop contributing to it.
        
           | panarchy wrote:
           | We can't say for sure that the current feedback loops will be
           | identical to those that did or did not exist in the past.
           | Differences in the initial state could result in different
           | outcomes.
           | 
           | For example was there as much methane trapped in the arctics
           | during the last time CO2 was high?
           | 
           | Does the rate of the increase of CO2 and temperature have an
           | effect? Because it's currently getting hotter far faster
           | (absurdly so) than any other period we have records for.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | No citations to hand but Antarctica used to be temperate
           | rainforest and many of the conditions of present day tropical
           | rainforests and savanna could be found much farther from the
           | equator.
           | 
           | The paleocene-eocene thermal maximum makes for interesting
           | related reading. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleocene%E2%8
           | 0%93Eocene_therm...
        
           | Windchaser wrote:
           | > Water vapor (clouds) also reflects sunlight. So it's
           | complicated. We know the planet has had higher CO2 and higher
           | temperatures in the past, and it did not "run away"
           | 
           | Yes. But stars like ours burn brighter as they move through
           | their lifetimes, and the Sun is a bit brighter now than it
           | was back when we had higher CO2 levels. That's why a runaway
           | GHG didn't happen back then, but is basically guaranteed to
           | happen within a billion years.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | So... the sun is hotter now than it was what... since the
             | 1950s? The 1850s? The Jurassic period? What scale is do you
             | need to make this claim reasonable?
             | 
             | Also, I see a lot of things presented as facts in your
             | comment, you seem to have convinced yourself quite
             | thoroughly.
        
               | jemmyw wrote:
               | 10% every billion years. So negligible on our timescale,
               | but it is significant if you talk about ancient climate
               | conditions like this thread does.
        
         | eitau_1 wrote:
         | True runaway (i.e. oceans boiling / Venus) cannot happen on
         | Earth unless you significantly increase _incoming_ radiation
         | stream (or alternatively halve the planet 's albedo).
         | 
         | The runaway effect is scary b/c at certain temperature (~400K)
         | atmosphere consisting predominantly of water vapor looses its
         | ability to radiate out more heat up until 1600K.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo1892 (see fig. 2b)
         | (edit: the figure: https://imgur.com/a/ytoEXzd)
         | 
         | edit #2: I've measured some pixels and the starting runaway
         | temp is closer to 315K / 42C, damn
        
       | vaylian wrote:
       | This is one of the key sentences:
       | 
       | > Policymakers and the public, however, remain largely unaware of
       | the risks posed by such a practically irreversible transition
       | 
       | Most people still underestimate what it means for the earth
       | system to change from the current stable state into another
       | state, which might need many years to become stable again. And
       | that new stable state might be a lot less favourable for us
       | humans.
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | I think most people bet that they'd be dead until that
         | transition happens, so the problem won't be theirs to address.
        
           | anon84873628 wrote:
           | It's a classic multi-agent coordination problem. Should I
           | stop taking jet liners and eating meat, when everyone else is
           | anyway?
           | 
           | (Edit: purely illustrative rhetorical question, but I
           | appreciate the responses)
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | For me, it's a hard problem.
             | 
             | For business trips, the choice is between two hours and two
             | days, and unfortunately my body goes haywire if I don't eat
             | some meat at least a couple of days per week (talking about
             | 200g/300g total though. Not kilos of it).
             | 
             | On the other hand, I'd happily take trains as more high
             | speed lines open in my country, and reduce meat consumption
             | to bare minimum my body can tolerate.
             | 
             | For personal transportation, going fully electric won't be
             | possible due to my circumstances, but I'd happily switch to
             | a hybrid which would convert 75% of my in-city travel to
             | electric (which I'm actively planning to do).
             | 
             | I also work on projects which tries to reduce footprint of
             | data centers and computation, so there's that.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > my body goes haywire if I don't eat some meat at least
               | a couple of days per week
               | 
               | Isn't this just a nutrient deficiency in whatever you
               | were eating instead of meat? Meat is "convenient" because
               | it's high in a wide variety of minerals, vitamins,
               | essential amino acids, etc. that your body can't make.
               | (The animals mostly can't make them either but guess what
               | livestock eats.) There are plants that contain each of
               | them, but few if any that contain all of them, and then
               | if you're missing one you're going to have a bad time. So
               | the problem there is almost certainly that you need to
               | eat some different plants than that the thing you were
               | missing is only found in animals.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | Nope. Some aminoacids and compounds are only present in
               | meat. These aminoacids and compounds are the ones which
               | boosted our brain capacity and allowed us to evolve to
               | that point.
               | 
               | I eat (and like to eat) tons of veggies, yet I feel my
               | brain capacity declines and I crave esp. meat if I don't
               | eat it for a long time (for two weeks or whatnot). As I
               | said, I don't need two ribeye steaks per week. My body is
               | very good at signaling what it needs, and I prefer to
               | listen to it.
               | 
               | What I eat is Mediterranean cuisine 99% of the time, and
               | it's pretty well balanced, yet eliminating meat is not
               | possible for me. So, my diet is not junk food peppered by
               | meat. It's mostly veggies and legumes (beans, lentil,
               | whatnot), peppered with meat. Yet, I need it, and this is
               | something I tested over and over more than two decades.
               | 
               | On the other hand, my wife is completely opposite of me.
               | She can go a month or so without meat. So, not every
               | person is the same, and assuming that every human being
               | works the same is a big mistake made by modern medicine.
               | For example, my brain chemistry is also different and I
               | consume B12 much more than a typical human, so I need to
               | use B-complex supplements more.
        
               | dbdr wrote:
               | > Some aminoacids and compounds are only present in meat.
               | 
               | Which ones specifically?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_amino_acid
               | 
               | All of those can be found in plants.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Nope. Some aminoacids and compounds are only present in
               | meat.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_amino_acids_in_pl
               | ant...
               | 
               | Notice that many of the plants high in some of these
               | aren't that common, e.g. what percentage of people
               | regularly eat pumpkin seeds or spirulina?
               | 
               | > So, not every person is the same, and assuming that
               | every human being works the same is a big mistake made by
               | modern medicine.
               | 
               | It's not that you need the same diet as every other
               | person, it's that you have to eat the specific things you
               | need, which a random selection of plants may or may not
               | contain in the right amounts.
               | 
               | > For example, my brain chemistry is also different and I
               | consume B12 much more than a typical human, so I need to
               | use B-complex supplements more.
               | 
               | B12 in particular is a pain because it's only produced by
               | bacteria (commonly found in soil) so the options are
               | _unwashed_ vegetables, meat from animals that eat
               | unwashed vegetables, or supplements. And on top of that
               | because of the way it 's absorbed, a B12 pill either has
               | to be taken multiple times a day several hours apart or
               | has to be 100x as much to make up for the absorption rate
               | falling off a cliff after a threshold amount which is
               | below the RDA.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | Might be lack of understanding of essential nutrients and
               | associated planning. But also might not be related to
               | that at all. The gut microbiome is impacted by your food
               | choices, varies from person to person, and can have
               | severe impacts on your overall health.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | I can't speak for the OP but it is well-established that
               | there are significant genetic adaptations to the amount
               | of meat in the diet, or a loss of genetic adaptation for
               | metabolizing some plant staples. This is no different
               | than the genetics that cause significant variation in the
               | ability to metabolize legumes, lactose, alcohol, etc.
               | Local optimizations.
               | 
               | There are ethnic populations that have reduced capacity
               | to efficiently metabolize some plant-based diets due to
               | thousands of years of selection pressure (or lack
               | thereof). A diverse plant-based diet won't kill them,
               | they simply lack the enzymes to have a good experience
               | with it because for thousands of years they had little
               | use for those genes.
               | 
               | It is a relatively small population globally, as it tends
               | to coincide with regions that weren't conducive to
               | supporting large populations thousands of years ago. The
               | current distribution has significant overlap with the
               | developed world though.
               | 
               | I have to imagine that someone with meat-adapted genetics
               | is going to suffer quality of life issues on a purely
               | plant-based diet. Everyone has a set of foods like that.
        
             | bamboozled wrote:
             | It's hard to convince people not to eat food and take a
             | plane when billionaires do whatever they like at 1000x the
             | carbon footprint, when millions of people drive to work and
             | when base load power is built on fossil fuels. To me eating
             | protein and taking a plane seem benign.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | I agree.
               | 
               | If the plane doesn't use synthetic fuel that's a
               | political problem that I can't realistically solve as an
               | individual.
               | 
               | The methane from raising animals exists in an overall
               | equilibrium. It isn't extractive and the total magnitude
               | of the effects of that chemical system is comparatively
               | minor.
        
             | Windchaser wrote:
             | To be fair, if we cut beef, lamb, and dairy, we get 80% of
             | the GHG benefits of going full vegan. Beef and lamb are
             | _really_ GHG intense.
             | 
             | So you can keep your animal proteins: it'll just be eggs,
             | fish, poultry, and pork.
             | 
             | https://ourworldindata.org/carbon-opportunity-costs-food
        
         | JoshTriplett wrote:
         | It's not that policymakers are unaware. It's that some of them
         | are allergic to true things that they find inconvenient, and
         | have made false premises a pillar of their platform. Calling
         | that "unaware" is giving them too much credit and
         | understanding.
        
           | eptcyka wrote:
           | Most policy makers will not live to bear the fruit of their
           | labor.
        
             | JoshTriplett wrote:
             | Many may also believe that they and the only parts of their
             | con$tituency they care about will be able to avoid the
             | consequences. And some may have come to believe the party
             | line; if you repeat a falsehood often enough as a loyalty
             | test, you may forget that it's a falsehood.
        
           | xgulfie wrote:
           | It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when
           | his salary (power, class) depends upon his not understanding
           | it
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | I think it's both. That large shifts on a global scale of
           | everyday things that we take for granted as well as
           | historical differences on a geological time scale are
           | genuinely difficult for non-experts to wrap their heads
           | around.
           | 
           | And _also_ as you say that many politicians are
           | disincentivized to try in the first place.
        
           | jandrewrogers wrote:
           | > It's that some of them are allergic to true things that
           | they find inconvenient, and have made false premises a pillar
           | of their platform.
           | 
           | Sure, if by "some" you mean "virtually all".
        
             | JoshTriplett wrote:
             | Nope, attempted bothsidesing rejected. By "some" I mean
             | "some". Not everyone in politics treats truth as optional.
             | Those who don't should be lauded.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | Thinking this is "bothsidesing" is you contributing to
               | the problem. The Democrats and Republicans have both
               | abandoned scientific rigor on this topic. When either
               | talks about it, it is almost purely an excuse to smuggle
               | in unrelated policy objectives.
               | 
               | A group of politicians can have strong disagreements
               | where none has a grasp on reality. That is where we are
               | with climate change. It is one of the reasons I stopped
               | working on it at a policy level.
        
               | JoshTriplett wrote:
               | I am not suggesting that all politicians on one side are
               | good. I am suggesting that ignoring truth and reality as
               | a thing that matters is something with very strong
               | correlations with political party, and shouldn't be
               | generically chalked up to "politicians" in general.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | They are most definitely aware. They are willfully ignoring
         | this but they are not ignorant.
        
         | crystal_revenge wrote:
         | > might need many years to become stable again
         | 
         | People _really_ fail to grasp the significance of this part.
         | 
         | One of our most common apocalyptic fantasies lays this out
         | quite well: nuclear annihilation. The common narrative is about
         | the _post_ -apocalyptic world and _rebuilding_. But this
         | presumes a _new normal_ has been established.
         | 
         | With climate change we will continue to experience more
         | _extreme_ changes at a _faster_ rate over time with no chance
         | of a  "new normal" in our lives.
         | 
         | It took hundreds of thousands of years for humans to develop
         | agriculture. It's no coincidence that this development happened
         | during one of the _most stable_ periods of climate the planet
         | has ever seen. People love to wax poetic on human adaptability,
         | but we were effectively playing on  "easy" mode.
         | 
         | While the other side of climate change might be a more hostile
         | earth, the transition period will be worse because you _can 't
         | adapt_. In our lifetimes we may live to see a period of record
         | heat waves in Europe, followed by a transition of Europe to
         | that is dramatically colder (and who knows, maybe back again).
         | 
         | The other major problem is as stability decreases so does our
         | ability to predict the future. It's hard to even know what we
         | might be facing in the coming years, but high variance is
         | usually not great for complex life.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | > the transition period will be worse because you can't
           | adapt.
           | 
           | As far as agriculture goes we can adapt but the cost would be
           | exorbitant. Vertical farming is _technically_ doable.
        
         | throwaway5752 wrote:
         | "need many years to become stable again"
         | 
         | People are selfish. "Life will be much harder, and the problem
         | will never be fixable within the rest of your life or your
         | childrens' lives"
        
       | aperrien wrote:
       | Are there any attempts to start geo-engineering to fix this? I'm
       | assuming there will be no attempt to stop dumping carbon into the
       | atmosphere, can we at least do something to take it back out? Can
       | we use solar or renewables to possibly do that at scale?
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | Needed to happen 30 years ago.
         | 
         | Now it's drill baby drill time.
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | There are currently no power efficient and scalable ways to
         | remove carbon dioxide from air or water.
         | 
         | Renewables are considered woke technology which mock old and
         | masculine fossil fuel tech, which feel threatened by all these
         | white spinny things, hence renewable energy projects are being
         | actively discouraged or canceled altogether.
         | 
         | You know, we'd be all woke and weird if our cars don't have 8
         | cylinders and make wroom sounds. Same for our chimneys and
         | power architecture. Woke electrons should be banned. We need
         | masculine, fossil based electrons, which are more powerful per
         | electron than wind/solar based fluffy/hippie ones.
        
           | exitb wrote:
           | The rich don't care which side you're on, as long as you're
           | fighting each other.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | I don't play that game. I only do what I can do with what I
             | have and don't care about losing time with pointless
             | fights.
             | 
             | I may not be able to save the whole planet, but at least
             | I'll leave my area a bit better as my capacity and time
             | allows.
        
             | theossuary wrote:
             | Both sides aren't fighting each other, one side has turned
             | themselves into a weapon for rich pedophiles to attack the
             | other side with.
        
               | exitb wrote:
               | Notably, both sides held that exact view in recent times.
        
           | swiftcoder wrote:
           | > Renewables are considered woke technology which mock old
           | and masculine fossil fuel tech...
           | 
           | This is mostly a US problem at this point. The rest of the
           | world is adopting renewables considerably faster than anyone
           | expected (and despite the best efforts of the current
           | administration, the adoption curve is accelerating even in
           | the US).
           | 
           | That said, it's still apparent that even optimistic estimates
           | of renewable energy adoption aren't fast enough to fix the
           | climate crisis on their own.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | > This is mostly a US problem at this point.
             | 
             | Yeah I know, and I'm not from that side of the ocean. I
             | worded my comment like that since most users here are from
             | the US.
             | 
             | electricitymaps paints a nice picture, though. We'll be
             | using them in a project, so I'll be able to see the nitty
             | gritty details soonish.
             | 
             | At least some of us are trying. Maybe we'll fail, but not
             | all of us are _that_ ignorant, and that 's better than
             | nothing.
        
         | swiftcoder wrote:
         | So far all of the carbon capture techniques (apart from growing
         | forests and keeping them protected) have been pretty
         | unsuccessful, and/or don't scale well.
         | 
         | That leaves us in the realm of solutions that may be very
         | likely to disrupt our ecosystem themselves, like genetically-
         | engineering algae/phytoplankton to improve ocean carbon
         | sequestration
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | > apart from growing forests and keeping them protected)
           | 
           | I'm in a loop. I must be.
           | 
           | How are people still basic at this? No. Forests are not
           | "carbon capture" devices.
           | 
           | Plant a big forest and "protect" (which means thinning it,
           | unless you are California) and in 100 years most trees have
           | died, rotted, released their carbon.
           | 
           | There is so much wrong with the alarmism here, so much hand
           | waving away of scale when it is inconvenient... that it's
           | like people are doing more damage than good when they jump up
           | and down over this stuff.
           | 
           | It's almost like if the jumping up and down and alarmism has
           | a different purpose, a whole separate game removed from the
           | issues at hand.
        
             | krashidov wrote:
             | The carbon in our atmosphere is already in the atmosphere
             | and it won't go away. So there really is nothing more you
             | can do other than take it out of the air and store it
             | somewhere for as long as you can. Trees are a good way to
             | store it until we have better technology/can handle climate
             | change better
        
         | grumbelbart wrote:
         | Putting sulfur into the right layers of the atmosphere seems to
         | be the currently best viable options. It's not overly
         | expensive, either. It acts fast and is reversible.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratospheric_aerosol_injectio...
        
           | alcover wrote:
           | Thank you. This reading lowers my anxiety. I believe we'll
           | rationally - and in a hurry - come down to this kind of
           | solution. It makes solid sense.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | Dumb question: would this also lower solar panel yields?
        
         | mapmeld wrote:
         | I don't think carbon capture / sequestration is going to do
         | enough, but if we continue slipping into this trajectory I
         | think there will be more support for changing reflectivity
         | (spraying sea water, or putting particles in the stratosphere).
        
           | peterbecich wrote:
           | Stratospheric aerosols: the dangers of this seem overblown.
           | It is milder than a volcanic eruption. It seems like a
           | reasonable thing governments should be attempting.
        
       | OGEnthusiast wrote:
       | So maybe the people who aren't having kids due to climate change
       | were right after all?
        
         | axus wrote:
         | The problem can now only be solved on the supply side. Cut the
         | production of oil and gas below the planet's natural carbon
         | sequestration.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | s/production/extraction/
           | 
           | Nothing wrong with synthetic.
        
           | grumbelbart wrote:
           | The low prices of solar and batteries are a glimmer of hope.
           | For many regions it's now the cheapest source of electricity.
        
             | razster wrote:
             | You mean cutting into the profit/MONEY of these large
             | corporations? How will they survive!?
        
         | htx80nerd wrote:
         | Go ask Google about China and the 3rd world contribution to
         | global pollution. The West is bending over backwards to 'fight
         | climate change' and a huge chunk of the world is just doing
         | whatever they want, completely negating all of the west
         | efforts.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | > Go ask Google about China
           | 
           | China's doing better than the US:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45108292. Please don't
           | lie.
        
       | aleda145 wrote:
       | Very alarming. I feel like especially the West is regressing on
       | climate change with the rise of the far right
       | (https://www.politico.eu/article/robert-lambrou-alternative-f...)
       | 
       | I don't know what to do.
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | Die a horrible death while watching a group of hateful people
         | scream that it's all the immigrants fault and that they ate all
         | the cats and dogs, I guess ...
        
           | shrubby wrote:
           | ... immigrants, LGBT, women, another religion, the ones with
           | no religion, communist, liberal,...
           | 
           | But never the zillionaires, they've worked haaaard and
           | deserve everything!
        
         | xyzal wrote:
         | You work in software, right? Then you can donate some money to
         | enviro orgs.
        
           | cosmic_cheese wrote:
           | Not an expert in any of that, but I think overall impact may
           | be greater if people with sufficient means take a more hands-
           | on approach that grants visibility of where money is going. I
           | lean environmentalist be the truth is that there's a good
           | deal of well-marketed snake oil in the environmental space.
        
             | tdb7893 wrote:
             | The issue with quibbling over impact is my experience is
             | that people end up doing neither. I recently started a
             | Master's in ecology so I don't have a good idea of what's
             | cost effective right now but I know the field is pretty
             | shockingly underfunded (both for general research and
             | conservation projects). I learned the "fun" fact recently
             | that bird populations in the US are down ~30% in the last
             | 55 years.
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | A fair assessment. Doing nothing is not the answer to the
               | risk of doing the wrong thing. It's probably worth some
               | time spent on due diligence when selecting groups to
               | donate to, regardless.
        
         | davidw wrote:
         | Work on local things to make your own city better. Plenty of
         | stuff that's not too difficult, even if it won't fix
         | everything:
         | 
         | * Multifamily housing is much more energy efficient. Is it
         | legal to build throughout your city, or does zoning prevent it?
         | 
         | * Is there good bicycle infrastructure so people don't have to
         | drive for everything?
         | 
         | * Does your city still have expensive parking mandates that
         | lock in car dependency? Get rid of those. They also get in the
         | way of places becoming more walkable.
         | 
         | * This one hurts, but: eat less beef.
         | 
         | * Advocate for good transit as another way for people to get
         | around without driving a personal vehicle.
         | 
         | * What can be done in your city/region to electrify heating for
         | homes and businesses?
         | 
         | * What can your region do to build more renewable energy
         | capacity?
         | 
         | Those are all things where even a few voices can sometimes make
         | a difference.
        
           | ericd wrote:
           | Great list!
           | 
           | For those in the US, I'd add lobbying your congresspeople to
           | support the revival of the Energy Permitting Reform Act. It's
           | something that didn't make it across the line before the end
           | of the last congress, but basically, making it easier to
           | bring new generation capacity on the electrical grid
           | disproportionately benefits renewables, because they make up
           | the vast majority of wattage waiting in the queue. As we've
           | seen by the explosion of deployment in less regulated grids
           | (Texas, and most of the world), the economics now favor
           | solar+storage and wind, we just have to let people build as
           | much of it as they want to.
        
           | hackyhacky wrote:
           | Individual habits will not be decisive in fighting climate
           | change. Telling people to follow this advice will (a)
           | inconvenience them in the short term (b) lull them to a false
           | sense of security that they are fighting climate change (c)
           | set them up for disappointment when climate change happens
           | anyway, and (d) worst of all, these suggestions let the real
           | perpetrators off the hook.
           | 
           | If you want to see real progress on the climate, a few
           | thousand people changing their daily habits is not enough.
           | Governments need to take action and hold industry to account.
           | That looks to be an increasingly unlikely event, but that
           | doesn't justify taking ineffective action instead as a
           | placebo.
           | 
           | It reminds me of the '90s when we are all told that recycling
           | was necessary for saving the environment. Decades later,
           | we'll still spending time sorting our garbage, despite
           | evidence that no one wants recyclable waste, it still ends up
           | dumped somewhere, and it costs more money to handle. [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyMs2xox_hE
        
             | maybelsyrup wrote:
             | > these suggestions let the real perpetrators off the hook.
             | 
             | This can't be said enough. It simply cannot be said enough.
             | It cuts right to the heart of how we view the world in the
             | west: as autonomous, separate individuals, with no communal
             | counterweight and certainly no model of power (some
             | entities in the world have vastly more power than others)
             | We assume that because our constitutions grant us equal
             | rights or whatever, we all have equal responsibility and
             | equal power.
             | 
             | But polluters, the biggest sources of emissions, have way
             | more power and way, way less responsibility. And yet we
             | continue to tell ourselves to focus on our own individual
             | behaviors to combat global heating. The effects are real,
             | but tiny, and our elites continue getting away with our
             | annihilation.
        
             | jhrmnn wrote:
             | But individual behavior is not about preventing climate
             | change, it's about doing what's right. It's wrong to
             | pollute the environment, one way or another. A single
             | person not stealing won't reduce the crime rate in a
             | country yet it is the right thing to do.
        
               | hackyhacky wrote:
               | That's not a fair comparison. Everything we do affects
               | the environment. The goal is to limit that effect where
               | it matters. It's not ethical, it's practical.
        
             | dbdr wrote:
             | Apart from eating less beef, every single suggestion in the
             | post your are responding to is about infrastructure and
             | advocacy, not individual habits.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | And almost all of them have plenty of other benefits too:
               | 
               | Multifamily housing is generally cheaper in high land
               | cost areas. It helps solve the housing shortage.
               | 
               | More bikes and transit and fewer cars means cleaner air
               | and fewer traffic deaths.
               | 
               | Less fossil fuel usage in general means less pollution.
               | 
               | Cities that use land more efficiently tend to be more
               | walkable, pleasant, and don't gobble up things like
               | farmland or forests outside the city.
               | 
               | Come to think of it, less beef is probably better for
               | your health, too.
        
               | hackyhacky wrote:
               | > less beef is probably better for your health, too.
               | 
               | Won't matter when it's 120 degrees F every day.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | My advice is to install air conditioning, and choose a
               | place to live that will be affected as little as
               | possible. Avoid the Maldives or New Orleans, perhaps
               | choose somewhere a little hilly and cool with good
               | connectivity.
        
               | hackyhacky wrote:
               | Great suggestions. I will pass your advice on to
               | _literally all of humanity_.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | That's what will happen, you might as well get ahead of
               | the rush.
        
               | hackyhacky wrote:
               | > Apart from eating less beef, every single suggestion in
               | the post your are responding to is about infrastructure
               | and advocacy, not individual habits.
               | 
               | Exactly. That's why it's ineffective to evangelize this
               | as individual effort. If you want to live in a
               | multifamily home, they have to be zoned, funded, and
               | built. That requires lobbying the government, moral
               | rectitude.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | I did not write 'individual habits' - you did. Things
               | like zoning are not individual choices at all. But they
               | are something that you and a few friends might be able to
               | influence at city hall.
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | None of this "lulls" involved people, nor lets anyone off
             | the hook.
             | 
             | These are things that ordinary people without a lot of
             | money or power can work on _today_ in a country like, say,
             | the US, where the federal government is in the hands of
             | evil people and is not going to be doing much in terms of
             | climate change in the near future.
             | 
             | The federal government may be a lost cause for the moment,
             | but your city or state might provide an avenue to get some
             | things done. Those things won't fix the whole problem, but
             | they're still progress, and the connections you make while
             | doing those things will be useful in future, bigger fights.
        
               | hackyhacky wrote:
               | > These are things that ordinary people without a lot of
               | money or power can work on toda
               | 
               | I agree: people _can_ work on this individually. And it
               | won 't make a lick of difference.
               | 
               | How many items on this list require government action?
               | How many require corporations' cooperation. What am I
               | going to do, build the bike lanes myself as a hobby?
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | The work is _getting your local or state government to do
               | the things_. I thought that was quite obvious.
        
           | kawera wrote:
           | I would add:
           | 
           | * Plant more trees
        
         | rienbdj wrote:
         | Significant emissions are from ground transportation. Advocate
         | for walkable neighbourhoods, bike infrastructure and public
         | transit.
        
         | timmg wrote:
         | > I feel like especially the West is regressing on climate
         | change with the rise of the far right
         | 
         | Is it the "far right"? Or is it that technology and fertility
         | have actually lowered the risks substantially?
         | 
         | Solar plus batteries, right now, seems to be the cheapest form
         | of new energy. Given that, you would expect most of new energy
         | to be "green". (And if you look at the stats, that seems to be
         | coming true.)
         | 
         | Electrification of transportation is happening quickly. China
         | is cranking out cheap electric cars that are generally better
         | than ICE cars of yesterday. And the world seems to be
         | transitioning.
         | 
         | And fertility rates are dropping everywhere. So the amount of
         | people we will need to support in the future continues to
         | decline.
         | 
         | I've mostly stopped worrying about climate change. Not because
         | I don't think it is real. But because I think we are clearly on
         | the path to mitigating the worse scenarios.
        
           | maybelsyrup wrote:
           | > Is it the "far right"?
           | 
           | Yes, it is. They're committed to "Every molecule of
           | hydrocarbon will come out". [0]. They keep saying this to us,
           | and we don't seem to believe them. I like your optimism, and
           | I'm not denying a lot of what you're saying -- renewables
           | fast becoming the cheapest energy. But that's not deterring
           | people: the far right here in the US are about to dismantle
           | the government's legal rationale for regulating emissions.
           | They're _laughing_ at us right now, doing victory laps. They
           | 're telling polluters to take the gloves off.
           | 
           | These people are terrorists, extremists, and they're in
           | charge of the world's single most powerful economy and
           | military. They're obsessed with domination, with doing
           | violence to the weak and the poor and to nature. It's pure
           | Freudian _thanatos_.
           | 
           | It's just hard to take your position.
           | 
           | [0] https://theecologist.org/2023/dec/05/every-molecule-
           | hydrocar...
        
             | akramachamarei wrote:
             | I'm not sure exactly what you mean by the "far-right", but
             | you seem to be implying this 'every molecule' quote (or
             | more charitably, the goal) is of the "far-right" in the
             | U.S. In reality the quote is from Saudi energy minister
             | Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman. I mean, I wouldn't be terribly
             | surprised if Saudi Arabia is considered far-right governed
             | but I doubt your wording is giving the correct impression
             | to readers.
        
               | maybelsyrup wrote:
               | Yes, I know it's a Saudi quote. They're also far right.
               | They're bosom buddies with the same right-wing
               | (Democratic) and far-right (Republican) US economic and
               | governmental elites for decades. I don't think anyone
               | would dispute this. In fact, it's so humdrum a set of
               | facts that I think the burden would be on someone else to
               | show that "no, actually, US elites are _not_ into the
               | whole  'every molecule of hydrocarbon' thing". But their
               | behavior doesn't indicate that they disagree.
               | 
               | It's thus, yes, the correct impression for readers.
        
           | clumsysmurf wrote:
           | Yep, its the far right.
           | 
           | The Heritage Foundation (Project 2025, far-right, anti-
           | climate) is working with the Heartland Institute (spreading
           | climate science denial across UK / EU) / Alliance for
           | Responsible Citizenship (ARC, Jordan Peterson)
           | 
           | They do not like EU rules that hold US firms accountable to
           | climate laws.
           | 
           | https://www.desmog.com/2026/02/10/donald-trump-uk-eu-maga-
           | sl...
        
             | timmg wrote:
             | Sorry, I'm not saying the far-right isn't (whatever) anti-
             | climate change.
             | 
             | I just meant that I don't think the lack of concern is
             | necessarily _due to them_. I think it may have more to do
             | with the reality that we are already on a good path.
             | 
             | Bill Gates famously wrote a "note" about it last year:
             | https://www.gatesnotes.com/work/accelerate-energy-
             | innovation...
        
           | hackingonempty wrote:
           | > I think we are clearly on the path to mitigating the worse
           | scenarios.
           | 
           | This evidence based article published in one of the worlds
           | top scientific journals comes to the opposite conclusion.
        
         | TheOsiris wrote:
         | the west is regressing on climate because, quite frankly,
         | almost anything we do is pointless. we're not the ones who need
         | to do anything to have an impact on the world. the entities
         | that must do something don't want to
        
         | panarchy wrote:
         | I think there's someone that wrote about what is to be done,
         | but I can't remember who. /s
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | Fear and egoism is probably causing the rise of the far-right,
         | fear of not having enough, and egoism of "Why do I have to
         | share?" (and being dumb enough to believe "make it great again"
         | lies). And then the idiotic "center" who doesn't want to lose
         | voters start moving to the right. With the decaying planet less
         | capable of producing food, there'll be less, and there'll be
         | more of that scarcity mindset (although do we even have
         | scarcity, maybe it's just the uneven distribution, with
         | billionaires eating cows that's been fed grass that's grown
         | with the purest glacier water flown by helicopter from the
         | Swiss alps...).
         | 
         | In one aspect, the autocratic rule of Xi Jinping has a
         | positive: "We're going to cover the whole mountain with solar
         | panels, and force electrification of cars." and there's no
         | busybodies protesting and threatening to vote his party out of
         | office.
        
           | akramachamarei wrote:
           | Ever admitting the positives of autocrats for their apparent
           | efficiency disqualifies surrounding suppositions. And that's
           | not an ad hominen, that's just Bayesian.
        
         | bayarearefugee wrote:
         | > I don't know what to do.
         | 
         | As a 52 year old who never believed we would take climate
         | change seriously (and who is more convinced than ever I was
         | correct as society actually regresses on this issue) I did what
         | I had to do -- I purposefully didn't have children.
         | 
         | Good luck to those of you who did.
         | 
         | This ain't my problem. I'll be dead (or close enough) when the
         | shit fully hits the fan and won't have doomed any offspring to
         | the upcoming migration/resources wars
        
         | foolfoolz wrote:
         | this is like a tiktok rage bait way of thinking. western
         | nations have largely peaked on carbon emissions. china is
         | slowing down and will peak soon. there are a lot of countries
         | that still are growing in emissions, sure, but you are not
         | looking at this scientifically.
        
           | goatlover wrote:
           | Scientifically according to the article, the world is on an
           | emissions path to 2.8degC warming, not accounting for the
           | extra rate of warming we've seen in recent years. And this
           | puts us at greater risk of hitting tipping points into an
           | even warmer planet. So the status quo isn't cutting it.
        
           | IAmGraydon wrote:
           | China is nowhere near peaking, nor is the world.
           | 
           | https://ourworldindata.org/profile/co2/china
           | https://www.statista.com/statistics/276629/global-
           | co2-emissi... https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions
           | 
           | It's true that the West did peak in 2007 (as did South
           | America, India, and Africa), but Asia's emissions are so
           | massive that they more than make up for all of the reductions
           | of the rest of the world. That last link I posted makes clear
           | how big the problem with China is.
        
         | yongjik wrote:
         | If you are a US citizen, voting Trump out might be unironically
         | the most significant decision your country could make for the
         | next 100 years of mankind.
         | 
         | Not because the alternative is so great, but because Trump is
         | so horrible that it's not even a question. We really don't need
         | someone who doesn't even acknowledge climate change in charge
         | of the world's biggest economy.
        
           | jihadjihad wrote:
           | Trump is ineligible to run for a third term. The time to vote
           | him out was 15 months ago.
        
         | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
         | There are actions you can cheer on, like China's quick adoption
         | of renewable energy. You can't make it happen yourself but you
         | can bring peoples' attention to good things, encourage those
         | within your circle of influence, and vote for representation
         | that shares your views.
         | 
         | As for what "we" collectively can do... let's assume you are
         | speaking of areas of research. We may need to focus on
         | researching adaptation techniques for the areas that are going
         | to be the hardest hit, or that have the fewest resources to
         | cope. It's a sad topic but it may be needed. Assume the worst,
         | hope for the best, and plan for what you can.
        
         | 13415 wrote:
         | The answer to that question is always the same. Join a party
         | and become politically active. Or, if you really can't find any
         | party that represents your views, join an NGO and become active
         | in it. If you're too lazy for that, consider paying an NGO that
         | does spectacular actions that have a public impact. And never
         | vote for any parties that don't do anything for better climate
         | control, of course.
        
         | danny_codes wrote:
         | Seems China is cooking atm. If solar power and battery tech
         | continues at this speed and their nuclear ambitions pan out,
         | fossil fuels will be economically non-competitive (if they
         | aren't already). China EV momentum is incredible.
         | 
         | So still some hope I think! And it's possible the populist
         | "dumb dumb bricks" crew will decline in popularity when the
         | inevitable lack of tangible improvements continues. Though
         | since we are dealing with dumb dumb it may take a while
        
       | smartmic wrote:
       | It is important to keep reminding ourselves that climate change
       | is a real problem for humanity and that each and every one of us
       | contributes to its intensification or mitigation through our
       | decisions. It is a problem that requires solutions, but
       | implementing these solutions involves so much inertia that it can
       | sometimes be painful.
       | 
       | And let's contrast that with the AI hype. It's more the opposite,
       | a kind of solution to problems we didn't really have, but are now
       | being persuaded we do. It would be sensible to invest an equal
       | share of the resources currently being pumped into AI with
       | uncertain outcomes into the complex issue of climate change. And,
       | no, AI won't solve it; unfortunately, it only makes it worse.
        
         | Carrok wrote:
         | I've started composting. I'm sure that'll outweigh the average
         | Vegas visitor's emissions. /s
         | 
         | I'm being a bit facetious obviously, but it does feel a bit
         | like tilting against windmills. We need policy and systemic
         | changes, if we're relying on individuals to all collectively
         | start doing the "right thing", we're sunk.
        
           | smartmic wrote:
           | I agree. But at least in a democratic system, the "each and
           | everyone of us" are politicians that each and everyone
           | elects. So it starts from the basis, IMHO.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | Sorry to be a debbie-downer but
           | 
           |  _the composting process is also a source of greenhouse gas
           | and air pollutant emissions._
           | 
           | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9933540/
        
             | Carrok wrote:
             | From your source:
             | 
             | > Effective pile management and aeration are key to
             | minimizing CH4 emissions.
             | 
             | So it sounds like a correctly managed pile is not a
             | problem.
             | 
             | Also, I have a hard time believing my composting in my
             | backyard is in any way worse than my sending the same food
             | scraps to a landfill.
        
             | swiftcoder wrote:
             | So are humans (we breathe out CO2 constantly!). A process
             | emitting greenhouse gases is not an inherent reason to
             | eschew it, so long as the entire end-to-end process isn't
             | net-positive.
             | 
             | Use that compost to fertilise a tree, and you are still net
             | negative on carbon, versus sending those food scraps to the
             | local trash incinerator.
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | It's all a cycle, They put carbon in, they release carbon
               | out. At least the average American is doing a commendable
               | job in increasing their personal carbon sequestration.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | You laugh but if everyone changed just some of their
           | behavior, we would be in a much better place.
           | 
           | We used to reuse glass jars, now it's plastic. We used to can
           | goods, now it's plastic. We used to use refillable bottles,
           | now it's plastic. We used to have car doors that went "thunk"
           | when you slammed them shut, now it's plastic.
           | 
           | If we each are mindful of the amount of trash/litter/waste we
           | produce and take an active step towards _minimizing_ it, we
           | would all be in a better place.
        
             | pasquinelli wrote:
             | the great thing about these sorts of personal choices is
             | that you can make them for yourself without having to be
             | afraid of any of the consequences that would come from
             | actually confronting power.
        
             | Earw0rm wrote:
             | We used to live lifestyles that didn't require driving
             | every day and flying eight times a year...
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | > You laugh but if everyone changed just some of their
             | behavior, we would be in a much better place.
             | 
             | Please be more specific about "some" and "much" because I
             | don't think that's true.
             | 
             | As far as climate goes, turning oil into single use plastic
             | has very little effect. We could cut plastic use 90% and
             | nothing would really change.
        
             | Fwirt wrote:
             | The problem is that a single consumer can't throw
             | themselves into the gears of the industrial machine to slow
             | its progress. If you stop buying food in plastic
             | containers, the food will still be produced, and it will
             | still be purchased by the large multinational corporations
             | that have supply contracts with the food industry, it will
             | just go straight into a landfill when its expiration date
             | passes instead of being purchased. Unsold subsidized
             | produce, which took petroleum based fertilizers to grow,
             | and petroleum powered equipment to cultivate and
             | distribute, will rot in a landfill. Farmers won't stop
             | growing it if you stop buying it. The damage has already
             | been done by the time you make the choice to purchase it or
             | not, and it takes more than a handful of people making a
             | conscientious decision to reduce waste to stop the waste
             | from happening in the first place. And that's if you even
             | have a choice in the first place. The only way to eliminate
             | carbon emissions is to return to manual labor and
             | subsistence farming, and since all the arable acreage is
             | owned by land barons and the price is so high, even that is
             | out of reach of the average consumer. We are trapped.
             | 
             | If you buy an electric car, consider the amount of
             | petroleum it took to forge the steel, power the aluminum
             | smelters, and ship the components around the world on
             | titanic ships. How long does it take to pay off the carbon
             | debt that was incurred by getting rid of that old polluting
             | car? How much petroleum would it take to relocate to a
             | locality with clean-energy powered public transit? What
             | other externalities are incurred by such a choice, and are
             | they greater than simply maintaining the status quo? Is it
             | even within the means of the majority to make such a
             | choice?
             | 
             | Consider that aviation is a much larger contributor to
             | emissions. Airlines will consistently fly _completely empty
             | planes_ just so they can maintain a parking spot at a given
             | airport. Or compare the carbon emissions of the military to
             | the rest of society. Or the quantity of flare gas that gets
             | uselessly burned off by oil rigs. All market forces which a
             | single consumer or group of consumers is powerless to stop.
             | And all of which are backed by investors with more clout to
             | sway the powers that be than you or I will ever have.
             | 
             | As a sibling commenter said, it's a fun hobby and makes us
             | feel a little better about ourselves, but it's a drop in
             | the bucket. A depressing state of affairs to be sure.
        
               | reactordev wrote:
               | I get what you're saying. I lived on a sailboat with
               | solar so I understand... The sailboat I lived on was made
               | with fiberglass, a petrochemical product. We would still
               | be in a better place though even if the inevitable demise
               | will still occur. It would just occur later.
        
           | tastyfreeze wrote:
           | I make lots of compost for my own use. Composting is at best
           | delaying carbon release. As soon as you stop recycling
           | materials the carbon will be released to the atmosphere. In
           | permaculture circles the goal is to close open loops of
           | waste/resources. If you want to permanently lock carbon in
           | your soil, and improve fertility, make biochar. Throwing
           | charcoal in your compost is the easiest way to make it into
           | biochar. It really works and is a permanent amendment.
           | 
           | If you wanted you could even weigh the raw charcoal to
           | quantify the carbon you have sequestered.
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | None of the loops are open in the sense that it's all
             | within the earth system as a whole. The issue is extracting
             | carbon from geological deposits. Stuff about farming and
             | methane is temporary and short term.
             | 
             | I don't mean to suggest we shouldn't compost or recycle
             | things. Just that such measures are only indirectly related
             | to carbon emissions.
             | 
             | We either stop extracting hydrocarbons from deep within the
             | crust or else the problem will persist. (I guess
             | _technically_ we could industrially sequester the
             | equivalent but that would almost certainly defeat the cost-
             | benefit of extraction.)
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | If you're looking to experience a "climate change" simulator,
         | kind of, the game Oxygen Not Included is an interesting
         | chemistry sandbox where you need to balance things like O2,
         | heat, food, etc in a "terrarium" of sorts. The parallels to
         | climate change are similar to real life--most of the game
         | ending problems you encounter are from short sighted thinking
         | earlier on/kicking the can down the road.
        
           | estimator7292 wrote:
           | Gotta love the cycle 200 heat death
        
           | kelseyfrog wrote:
           | I found Half-Earth Socialism: The Game[1] to be fun for quite
           | a few playthroughs.
           | 
           | 1. https://play.half.earth/
        
           | filoeleven wrote:
           | If you're near Lake Powell, you could also visit it right now
           | and compare it to what you remember. Not a simulator, just a
           | pretty scary real thing.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCEJDU9_p4Q
        
         | yoyohello13 wrote:
         | Unfortunately, more people seems to care about getting AI to
         | play SimCity than the environment.
         | 
         | Renewable energy technology is ready, right now today, to
         | replace fossil fuels. All we have to do is start doing it, but
         | the Oil lobby is just too strong apparently. There is no
         | political will. I wish I was wrong, but I just don't see
         | humanity pulling together to solve this one.
        
           | mym1990 wrote:
           | We are a planet of 8 billion people, interest will vary
           | widely. Expecting everyone to swarm on the same issue at the
           | same time is simply not how humanity has worked in the past.
           | Innovation often happens because many people go different
           | directions, testing what works and what doesn't. Getting AI
           | to play SimCity may be a stepping stone to real life urban
           | planning, or it may be nothing, who knows?
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | > Getting AI to play SimCity may be a stepping stone to
             | real life urban planning
             | 
             | Urban planning of the SimCity sort isn't particularly
             | difficult. The associated politics are the issue.
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | Hence the "or it may be nothing"...
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | Humanity in the past has acted to eradicate Polio through
             | global vaccinations, fix the Y2K computer bug, allow the
             | Ozone hole to repair by banning CFCs, form a United Nations
             | to prevent WW3 among other things.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | We are actively making noise about pulling out of groups
               | like the UN/NATO.
               | 
               | We are actively undoing regulations to reduce pollutants
               | while promoting "clean" coal.
               | 
               | We are actively undoing vaccinations policy.
               | 
               | We does not necessarily equal humanity at this time, but
               | it sure feels like it if you are under the We
               | administration.
        
           | SJC_Hacker wrote:
           | > Renewable energy technology is ready, right now today, to
           | replace fossil fuels. All we have to do is start doing it,
           | but the Oil lobby is just too strong apparently. There is no
           | political will. I wish I was wrong, but I just don't see
           | humanity pulling together to solve this one.
           | 
           | Sorry, but its really not. Perhaps in some sectors such as
           | ground transportation, but definitely not in air and sea
           | transport and fertilizer production, and many industrial
           | processes. At least not at scale, where would have to make
           | massive lifestyle sacrifices which are not politically
           | acceptable outside of extreme authoritarian states who have
           | no reason to do this anyway.
        
             | wffurr wrote:
             | Solar is so cheap and getting cheaper than we can power
             | those sectors with air-to-fuel plants. A carbon tax would
             | go a long way towards leveling the playing field with
             | carbon neutral or carbon negative alternatives to fossil
             | fuels.
        
         | beanshadow wrote:
         | > And, no, AI won't solve it; unfortunately, it only makes it
         | worse.
         | 
         | A conclusive argument for this still seems out of reach. AI
         | does solve some problems, and it's not exactly clear which
         | problems AI "only makes worse". It's not clear how much energy
         | all of our AI systems will use, and while it's tempting to
         | outright believe they'll simply use more and more, even that's
         | not yet clear based on arguments presented.
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | > It's not clear how much energy all of our AI systems will
           | use
           | 
           | Is it superior to zero?
           | 
           | Does AI replace existing, more costly energy use patterns to
           | the extent that its own energy use is offset?
        
           | thinkingtoilet wrote:
           | Perhaps someday. For now, it amount of energy used to produce
           | and run these models is astronomical. It may be the case AI
           | is a net positive for the environment at some point, but as
           | it stands that is nothing but speculation. The reality is it
           | is making the situation worse.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | Outside AI independently uncovering some energy breakthrough
           | there is nothing it can do to help, only hurt. We already
           | have a source of clean, cheap, unlimited energy, we aren't
           | rolling it out the way we could and should because some rich
           | people would rather have us on a subscription plan where we
           | _literally light our source of energy on fire_ so we have to
           | keep coming back for more.
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | AI has already pushed fusion research forward.
             | 
             | We could certainly do better but switching isn't as simple
             | as you imply. You also conveniently left out the part where
             | activists historically blocked nuclear buildout.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | > It's not clear how much energy all of our AI systems will
           | use, and while it's tempting to outright believe they'll
           | simply use more and more, even that's not yet clear based on
           | arguments presented.
           | 
           | For the last 20 years, power consumption of HPC is increased
           | per cubic inch as systems are miniaturized and density
           | increased. The computing capacity increased more than the
           | power use, but this doesn't mean we didn't invent more
           | inefficient ways to undo significant part of that
           | improvement.
           | 
           | It's same for AI. Cards like Groq and inference oriented
           | hardware doesn't consume as power as training oriented cards,
           | but this doesn't mean total power use will reduce. On the
           | contrary. It'll increase exponentially. Considering AI
           | companies doesn't care about efficiency yet means we're
           | wasting tons of energy, too.
           | 
           | I'll not enter into the water consumption debacle, because
           | open-loop systems waste enormous amounts of water.
           | 
           | All in all, we're wasting a lot of water and energy which
           | would sustain large cities and large number of people.
           | 
           | with regards from your friendly HPC admin.
        
         | mym1990 wrote:
         | I think if the hope is that the whole world comes together to
         | reduce emissions to a meaningful level, there is little to no
         | chance of that. Even in the face of clear evidence, many
         | leaders either do not believe it or do not think it will affect
         | them in their lifetime. Capitalism and globalization march to a
         | different drum.
         | 
         | The hope becomes that we can innovate our way out of the
         | problem with technology, that is the race to the finish. AI
         | will likely help us get there faster, but 2nd place will not be
         | an option.
         | 
         | You could say industrialization was a solution to a problem we
         | didn't have...but efficiency and profit is always the pursuit
         | of business, and unfortunately that is a lot of the world we
         | live in.
         | 
         | And I say this as someone who loves the idea of energy that
         | doesn't come from burning things.
        
         | mullingitover wrote:
         | > each and every one of us contributes to its intensification
         | or mitigation through our decisions.
         | 
         | I have to disagree here.
         | 
         | This idea of a consumer-level personal responsibility for the
         | fossil energy industry's externalized costs is a lot like the
         | plastic producers shifting blame for waste by saying that it's
         | the consumers' fault for not recycling. It's transparent blame-
         | shifting.
         | 
         | The fossil energy industry pulls the carbon out of the ground
         | and distributes it globally. Then it buys and sells politicians
         | and, through mass media, votes, to ensure they maintain the
         | industry's hegemony.
         | 
         | You only have to look at the full-blown slide of the US into a
         | despotic petrostate to understand the causes of the climate
         | crisis.
        
           | SJC_Hacker wrote:
           | Its a case of prisoner's dilemma. Individuals making the
           | proposed lifestyle changes in order to make a genuine dent in
           | AGW amount to jumping on the tracks in order to stop a
           | freight train.
           | 
           | This is the one issue where I feel some sympathy with the
           | right. I hate "Virtue signaling" about as much as they do.
           | I'm sorry, but if you are going to snap at people over eating
           | beef, while you fly/drive all over the country/world
           | unnecessarily, you are absolute full of shyte.
        
             | iinnPP wrote:
             | Don't forget buying mountains worth of crap that gets used
             | for a month or less and trashed.
        
               | brightball wrote:
               | Right to Repair and some type of incentives that actually
               | rewarded it would probably do more globally than most
               | other consumer level solutions.
        
             | Simbio wrote:
             | Prisoner's dilemma is a bad reference here.
             | 
             | Prisoner's dilemma is about situation when optimal outcome
             | requires cooperation from all participants.
             | 
             | In the situation with climate change, personal decisions of
             | 99% of Earth population do not really matter.
        
               | Mordisquitos wrote:
               | You are correct that this is not a prisoner's dilemma, it
               | is a tragedy of the commons[0]. However, if a wizard
               | could magically control the _" personal decisions of 99%
               | of Earth population"_ and make them optimal for reducing
               | CO2 emissions then, believe me, climate change could be
               | trivially solved.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons
        
               | smadge wrote:
               | It is a classic cooperation problem. Perhaps not
               | prisoners dilemma. Perhaps not at individual scale.
               | Probably tragedy of the commons.
               | 
               | Cooperation is not consuming fossil fuels. Defection is
               | consuming fossil fuels.
               | 
               | If you cooperate and other defects you suffer climate
               | impact and expensive energy (expensive everything, worse
               | economic growth than others).
               | 
               | If you defect and other cooperates you suffer climate
               | impact but at least you get cheap energy (cheap
               | everything, more economic growth than others).
               | 
               | People, nations, corporations, etc don't stop using
               | fossil fuels because they incur a penalty against their
               | competitors if they volunteer to and their competitors
               | don't.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | The assumption here is that fossil fuels are actually
               | cheaper. But an electric car pays back the higher upfront
               | cost in fuel savings in significantly fewer miles than
               | most cars will have put on them. Solar generates power at
               | a lower cost per kWh than coal.
               | 
               | The fossil fuel industry has to be actively sustained
               | through subsidies and government regulation hostile to
               | alternatives. Maybe that wasn't true 50 years ago before
               | the alternatives got viable and cheap, but if it's not
               | true now then why did we stop subsidizing electric cars
               | while we still subsidize oil companies?
        
               | 2III7 wrote:
               | WDYM personal decisions don't matter? Industrial and
               | agricultural sectors, which both in sum contribute 50% of
               | total greenhouse gas emissions, produce what is in demand
               | from consumers. Another 15% of emissions is from personal
               | vehicles. Changing personal habits is the only way we can
               | ever reach some utopian climate targets. Utopian because
               | old habits die hard.
        
             | bwestergard wrote:
             | I am not a vegan. My social world in D.C./NYC has many
             | secular, left-wing, vegans. Many of them are friends or
             | loved ones. They demonstrably speak their mind in front of
             | me on countless issues on which we disagree.
             | 
             | I have dined with them countless times at restaurants where
             | they order vegan and I don't. I have never once been
             | "snapped at" about my dietary decisions. Some of these
             | people have dedicated years of their life to non-human
             | animal rights activism.
             | 
             | So I am very skeptical that this shaming occurs at any
             | appreciable scale. I suspect it is mostly psychological
             | projection: one doubts the morality of one's decisions,
             | judges oneself harshly, but experiences this as the
             | judgement of others.
        
               | jounker wrote:
               | Thank you for articulating this so succinctly.
        
           | Gud wrote:
           | There is nothing g to "disagree" about. Of course systemic
           | changes are required. But if the individual improve their
           | actions it will have a meaningful impact too
        
             | pousada wrote:
             | Without systemic change the impact of individuals wont be
             | meaningful. Maybe on a spiritual level but they won't
             | contribute meaningfully to the climate change (or non-
             | change)
        
             | ggggffggggg wrote:
             | It won't and believing it will is part of ensuring nothing
             | changes. _All_ energy you spend on personally changing
             | should be instead spent lobbying, organizing, and otherwise
             | working politically to effect systemic change. There is no
             | value in individual change. It's worse than doing nothing.
        
           | rapnie wrote:
           | It is still everyone's responsibility, just not to equal
           | extent. That petrolstate also rose to power through
           | democratic elections.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Mainly because petrolstate's money was considered free
             | speech and allowed to speak louder than citizens when it
             | comes to influencing representatives.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExxonMobil_climate_change_den
             | i... it also influenced those elections.
        
           | Synaesthesia wrote:
           | Americans use a lot of power. Buying big houses means they
           | have higher heating and cooling costs. All this makes a big
           | difference.
        
           | WhompingWindows wrote:
           | If everyone chose to eat veggie burgers and seitan steaks
           | instead of using beef, the climate's trajectory would
           | immediately improve. For all the responsibility of industry,
           | many individual world citizens could, and many have, changed
           | their lifestyle due to the moral issue of climate-changing
           | emissions.
        
           | rtpg wrote:
           | While arguments can be made at the futility of individual
           | action against a system action, it's not like companies are
           | making a bunch of product just to throw them in the trash.
           | There are consumers of what is being produced!
           | 
           | Society's choices and lifestyles are the cause of fossil fuel
           | consumption, at a very high level. The plastic bag exists
           | because it has users.
           | 
           | There are quantitative arguments against many silly consumer-
           | focused initiatives. In aggregate tho companies aren't
           | burning fossil fuels for fun. Burning fossil fuels costs
           | money, and a lot of people would rather not spend that
           | money!!
        
             | delusional wrote:
             | This presupposes that consumers have infinite capacity to
             | ingest the minute details of every single product they come
             | into contact with.
             | 
             | Yes, the plastic bag has users. Do you really expect every
             | single shopper to investigate how the bag at <grocery co>
             | was made and if the plastic is recycled? What if they also
             | have to do the same for every single thing they interact
             | with every single day?
             | 
             | It's much easier to ask the people that work with the
             | minutia of plastic bags every day, namely the people who
             | make them, to maybe fix this problem.
        
             | timschmidt wrote:
             | > it's not like companies are making a bunch of product
             | just to throw them in the trash
             | 
             | Sure they do. You even mention one in the venerable plastic
             | bag. Is it the best bag? No, of course not. Is it a good
             | bag? Absolutely not. Is it the cheapest bag to produce? You
             | betcha.
             | 
             | Consumers are often presented the least expensive option
             | with the worst outcomes. See:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boots_theory
        
               | filoeleven wrote:
               | I remember when that switch at grocers from paper to
               | plastic was taking hold, and you could choose. "Paper or
               | plastic?" was the question asked. Some comedian
               | (probably) had a good one liner: "That'll be 42.39. Kill
               | a tree or choke a fish?"
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | It's mostly a good example of why comedians aren't a
               | source of information.
               | 
               | Plantation lumber is a very sustainable industry, and
               | plastic's environmental impact is highly context
               | dependent.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | Why don't you pay for a more expensive bag and bring it
               | to the store?
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | Why do you assume I don't? Opinionated defaults matter,
               | as that's what most users will end up using.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | Would you be ok if stores offered the option between a
               | cheap plastic bag and a more expensive non-plastic one?
               | (All the stores here already do it, btw).
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | I think the externalities of plastic recycling must be
               | internalized economically by requiring all manufacturers
               | of items to pre-pay for the recycling of said items up
               | front, as part of the manufacturing cost. Similar to how
               | bottle returns are managed, which has been very
               | successful. Items which are provably biodegradable or
               | designed to facilitate repair may be exempt.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | Plastic bags are already taxed where I live. Consumers
               | pay that tax, obviously. Other costs imposed on producers
               | of plastic items will just be passed down to consumers.
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | That's lovely, but it's not what I described. Bottles
               | aren't just taxed. They have a refundable deposit. This
               | ensures they don't end up in a landfill.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | Exactly. The point of this sort of tax should not be to
               | collect revenue, it should be to ensure that non-
               | biodegradable bags are being disposed of correctly. To
               | the extent that this is not happening, any bag tax is
               | malfunctioning. Such a tax is either insufficient or
               | poorly-designed. (Our city just banned chain stores from
               | giving out plastic bags under 4 mils thick, and stores
               | now give out paper and sell re-usable bags.)
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | Many cities have banned plastic bags, and the results
               | have been miraculous for waterways and wetlands. It turns
               | out that shore animals don't benefit as much from "hope a
               | few customers choose the better thing, but otherwise let
               | them take home single-use crap that immediately blows off
               | into natural settings."
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/19/climate/plastic-bag-
               | bans-...
        
               | rtpg wrote:
               | The plastic bag is sold to businesses! If every
               | supermarket in the world decided to never buy another
               | plastic bag then they would no longer be produced!
               | 
               | There can be a futility to it all in that the "ideal
               | option" simply isn't produced of course.
               | 
               | I find boots theory is often a bit too convenient in this
               | topic though. There is unlikely to be magic structural
               | solutions that allow every part of your life to remain as
               | convenient. At one point our lives will have to change in
               | structure.
               | 
               | EDIT: to be extra clear, I think systemic coordinated
               | changes is needed. I just think the "it's the
               | corporations doing this!" narrative to obscure the needs
               | for reorganization of daily life on top of systemic
               | change
        
               | usrnm wrote:
               | > Is it the best bag? No, of course not. Is it a good
               | bag? Absolutely not
               | 
               | Plastic is absolutely the best packaging material ever
               | created, it's so good, it feels like magic. It's light,
               | it's cheap, it's waterproof, it's durable and doesn't
               | just decompose, it comes in a miriad shapes and forms and
               | so on. There is a reason it's everywhere
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | > it's cheap, it's waterproof, it's durable
               | 
               | One of those adjectives describes the plastic bag I'm
               | familiar with. Sometimes it lasts long enough to get the
               | food in the house without spilling through a hole which
               | spontaneously appeared in the bag.
        
             | filoeleven wrote:
             | > Society's choices and lifestyles are the cause of fossil
             | fuel consumption, at a very high level. The plastic bag
             | exists because it has users.
             | 
             | Society's choices and lifestyles don't exist in some
             | rational-individualistic vacuum. Companies advertise
             | products while hiding known risks and side effects of what
             | they're pushing. Cigarettes. Oil. PFOA/PFAS.
             | 
             | They all knew, and they did and continue to do it anyway.
             | Regulatory capture solved all their problems by removing
             | accountability.
        
             | GolfPopper wrote:
             | Let us not pretend that the billions and billions spent on
             | advertising by corporations leveraging deep knowledge of
             | human behavior means the lion's share of blame goes to the
             | victims of said advertising behmoth.
        
           | Mordisquitos wrote:
           | I agree with you that consumer-level personal responsibility
           | is absolutely _not_ the way to go. To a certain extent I try
           | to non-dogmatically  "do the right thing", but I know it's
           | simply a cute hobby.
           | 
           | The only solution is systemic. The incentives need to be in
           | order for businesses and consumers to do the right thing not
           | because it is the right thing, but because it's cheaper or
           | more convenient. That can only be implemented via legislation
           | and investment of public resources, hence from the political
           | level.
           | 
           | And what determines whether the politicians in charge are
           | ones who will implement the changes needed to mitigate the
           | problem, rather than ones who will keep alive the system
           | which is intensifying it? Well, we're back to square one:
           | each and every one of us contributes to its intensification
           | or mitigation through our decisions.
        
             | quantified wrote:
             | Moving from fossil is less convenient, not more. So, we're
             | stuck.
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | For how long though? Solar and wind are very competitive
               | now, electric cars have been good enough to transition to
               | for over a decade, other industries can be decarbonized
               | with the right incentives and enough investment. It's not
               | like there aren't any ideas for how to farm or produce
               | steel cleanly. And nuclear reactors can be made safer and
               | cheaper now.
               | 
               | Seems more like a lack of political will with powerful
               | lobbying interests opposing it and misleading the public.
               | Fossil fuel companies could have listened to their
               | scientists in the 1970s and changed their business models
               | for a transition to cleaner tech a lot sooner.
        
               | short_sells_poo wrote:
               | For a long time to come. The energy density of fossil
               | fuels is very high (about 50x higher than that of lithium
               | ion batteries), there's a ton of infrastructure for
               | handling and transporting them and a ton of
               | infrastructure for using them.
               | 
               | They get turned into plastics and energy, two things
               | which civilization feeds on voraciously.
               | 
               | It's not just inertia that keeps them going.
        
               | keyringlight wrote:
               | It's an immense uphill struggle if you tried to get
               | people to adjust to where transport is less available,
               | and encourage living or working at closer ranges or
               | conversely long range shipping/travel/vacations seen as
               | more of a luxury. Just thinking about it I'm reminded of
               | the outrage that was fabricated/stirred up over "15
               | minute cities" in the UK where the idea that you'd be
               | able to get to most things you need day-to-day in a 15
               | minute walk was warped into a scare of state checkpoints,
               | fines and surveillance. Or the retreat from working from
               | home.
               | 
               | It's a huge adjustment from how the past few decades have
               | established expectations, and it'll take a big force to
               | change quickly, similar to covid even though that was
               | short term in hindsight.
        
               | tavavex wrote:
               | > The energy density of fossil fuels is very high (about
               | 50x higher than that of lithium ion batteries)
               | 
               | That doesn't make sense. Batteries are an energy
               | container, they're not energy itself. How can it be
               | compared to a fuel? The direct counterpart to oil or coal
               | is wind or solar radiation itself, batteries are used to
               | amortize the supply and store an excess for emergency
               | use, but otherwise those types of energy just immediately
               | go into powering the grid.
               | 
               | The economic case for renewable power is actually
               | extremely good, because unlike fossil fuels, they're
               | effectively infinite and don't need complex
               | infrastructure to extract. They're free. You only need a
               | power plant that directly converts them into power. If we
               | were just able to shift fossil fuel demand towards
               | producing goods like plastics, this would already be
               | massive. However, a lot of powerful people are deeply
               | invested into fossil fuels and will do anything to tip
               | the scales into their favor, despite gradually losing in
               | the energy sector.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | It makes perfect sense to look at energy + container
               | subsystems.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | It doesn't make sense to look at that in a vacuum. Energy
               | transport over wire via electricity is much "denser" than
               | transport via liquid or gas.
               | 
               | "It depends" is the correct answer, but the equation is
               | shifting quickly towards solar + electricity.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | You're the one looking at it in a vacuum. Engineering is
               | all about looking at it in context and the main context
               | where density of energy is important is in vehicles of
               | all shapes and sizes. That's where the rubber quite
               | literally meets the road. You can then theorize about
               | what the 'weight' of the electrical energy is but it is
               | pointless: the weight of container dwarfs the weight of
               | the energy carriers (effectively the electrons)
               | themselves. In the case of fossil fuels the ratio is more
               | balanced, the container will weigh a couple of kilos and
               | the fuel will way a bit more (say 10:1 or 20:1). So to
               | compare the one with the other we weigh the batteries and
               | ignore the electrons and we then compare that with the
               | fuel because _that is the dominant factor_.
               | 
               | Solar + electricity are not directly suitable for
               | powering electric vehicles, that's where the batteries
               | come in.
               | 
               | Comparing apples (transport of electricity via wires)
               | with oranges (transport of energy via liquid or gas)
               | misses the elephant in the room: you are not going to be
               | able to use those electrons without a suitable temporary
               | storage medium unless you plan on carrying a very long
               | and impractical extension cord behind your now very light
               | EV.
        
               | Mordisquitos wrote:
               | And yet, we're not _completely_ stuck. It is absolutely
               | clear that not enough has been done to reduce our carbon
               | emissions, and we 're on a bad path on track to ~2.5degC
               | warming in the next century. However, something _has_
               | been done, and if nothing had been done we could easily
               | be on track to  >4degC global warming. That would be much
               | worse.
               | 
               | So, how did we achieve what little we have? Well, because
               | many people _have_ cared, and _have_ made the right
               | decisions. Not enough people, or maybe not good-enough
               | decisions, but some people, and somewhat good decisions.
               | 
               | So, what were the decisions which brought us down from an
               | apocalyptic +4degC to a very bad 2.5degC path? Was it
               | enough consumers making environmentally conscious
               | choices, even if they were less convenient or more
               | expensive. No. It was enough voters wanting their leaders
               | to do something, even if it wasn't quite enough, but it
               | was something. And something isn't nothing.
               | 
               | We will never have enough people voting with their wallet
               | to fight climate change, because our rational
               | understanding of the big-picture cannot overpower our
               | intuitive day-to-day choices. However, we _may_ have
               | enough people voting with their ballot to fight climate
               | change, because the rational big-picture can, _sometimes_
               | , decide whom we vote for.
        
               | Ancalagon wrote:
               | are you sure we aren't on the >4degC path?
               | 
               | AI could very well put us back on it.
        
               | jounker wrote:
               | Really? Wind and solar are cheaper. Electric cars and
               | motorcycles are more fun to drive.
               | 
               | Fossil fuels are profitable for a small group of powerful
               | people, and they spend vast amounts of money to spread
               | falsehoods.
        
           | femto wrote:
           | Andrew Forrest, a well connected billionaire, puts the blame
           | on a group of 1000 "captains of industry".
           | 
           | https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/inside-
           | and...
        
           | quantified wrote:
           | If you drive a fossil fuel vehicle, you have chosen to buy
           | into this. If you drive it 3 blocks when you could walk,
           | you've chosen to go the way the fuel company wants you to.
           | That's you.
           | 
           | Plastic is a bit different, you didn't choose the packaging.
           | And you probably don't have the option to recycle anyway.
           | Putting in a special bin doesn't change the fact that it's
           | probably going to a landfill anyway.
           | 
           | Some of it's consumer level. Do what you can. Don't whatabout
           | it.
        
             | throw310822 wrote:
             | Plastic is a fantastic material, that's why it's chosen for
             | the packaging. I also don't see the problem sending it to a
             | landfill as long as it stays there.
        
           | j2kun wrote:
           | > consumer-level personal responsibility
           | 
           | Indeed, the biggest personal responsibility is to make this a
           | top political priority when deciding who to elect. Nothing
           | will change until we consistenly fire leaders who refuse to
           | act decisively on this.
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | The 2 biggest contributors to climate change are ...
           | 
           | - US Military
           | 
           | - Cargo Ships
           | 
           | You fix those 2 things and like 60% of pollution goes away.
        
           | vaylian wrote:
           | Hank Green did a good short video on this:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvAznN_MPWQ
           | 
           | TL;DW: It is important that individuals show that there is a
           | real problem and that they perform actions that address the
           | problem. This demonstrative behaviour leads to social
           | dynamics where more people feel encouraged to perform actions
           | and to drive larger change.
           | 
           | You need to start somewhere.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | While true we did that years ago and the other side is
             | simply ignoring it.
             | 
             | Worse, the people we sold the idea too are stuck on it:
             | they're convinced the solution must and totally be the
             | performance, not the result.
        
           | throw310822 wrote:
           | I never understood this. The companies sold you fossil fuel,
           | you burnt it and got benefits out of it: transportation,
           | energy, heating, constructions, fertilizers and food, etc.
           | You want them to pay for the negative consequences of your
           | fossil fuel consumption while you keep all the generated
           | benefits?
        
             | aaronbrethorst wrote:
             | Neat, I've never seen a fossil fuel company exec on hacker
             | news before. Welcome!
        
               | aoeusnth1 wrote:
               | I'm an environmentalist and I agree with this framing.
               | The solution is going to be painful and must increase
               | prices on products and services that fossil fuels are
               | currently the cheapest solution for. If you're not
               | willing to personally sacrifice anything to reduce fossil
               | fuel consumption you can see why carbon taxes are not
               | popular, right? France's protests against them, for
               | example, are a good example of a populist reaction
               | against attempts to regulate the economy to have less
               | emissions.
        
             | thesuitonym wrote:
             | The amount of fossil fuels that a working class individual
             | burns are a rounding error compared to what big companies
             | burn. How many private jets are in the air right now? Even
             | if you drive the most energy inefficient truck ever
             | produced, run your home HVAC at max, and buy gasoline just
             | to burn in your back yard, you will never measure up. It's
             | like saying we need to dry the oceans, so you should stop
             | peeing in it.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | > if you drive the most energy inefficient truck ever
               | produced
               | 
               | Sorry, but how was that truck produced? Where did the
               | energy to make it come from? How was your home built,
               | where did the energy come from? Where did the materials
               | come from? How did the workers come to the job? What did
               | they eat, and what do you eat? Do you go to an office?
               | How was it built? How do you and your colleagues get
               | there? Do your children go to school? Do you go to
               | hospitals when you're sick? Etc.
        
               | 2III7 wrote:
               | And who are the customers of big companies driving the
               | demand? Regular people or other companies who also
               | produce for those people.
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | No, what we wanted for decades is for cars to shift to the
             | free market of electric energy, just like every one of our
             | other appliances have for decades. Electricity is a free
             | market - can be generated by hydro, solar, wind,
             | geothermal, even nuclear. If tomorrow they invent clean
             | fusion power then electric cars would be able to benefit.
             | 
             | The cars being locked into fossil fuels is the result of
             | fossil fuel subsidies from the government. Otherwise, OPEC
             | raising prices would have long ago led to improvements in
             | battery technology and electric cars. But the federal
             | government shields the fossil fuels companies to make sure
             | the "price at the pump" is small.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRnUY6V2Knk
             | 
             | We should be raising pigovian taxes on fossil fuels at the
             | point of extraction, and redistribute it to all our
             | citizens as a UBI. Alaska has been doing this for decades
             | and they have almost the lowest GINI index of all states
             | year after year.
             | 
             | Just like we want bottling and clothing companies to shift
             | from plastics to bidegradeable materials. But you like to
             | keep individuals distracted and blame them for using a
             | straw and a bag, as if THAT is the main cause of pollution.
             | And plastic recycling was a total scam designed to keep
             | people distracted from forcing change on corporations
             | pollution and unsustainable practices upstream.
        
             | CGMthrowaway wrote:
             | Where does the chain end? I burn diesel in my tractor to
             | harvest corn. Should the feedlot that buys my corn pay for
             | the tractor's emissions? Should the slaughterhouse that
             | processes the cattle pay? Should the supermarket that
             | stocks the beef pay? Should the family who grills the steak
             | on Sunday pay? Or just the one who eats the largest
             | portion?
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | You either tax the fuel and pass the cost down to the
               | consumers, or decide as a society to share the cost of
               | the externalities and use general taxation for that.
        
               | pants2 wrote:
               | Here, in the first scenario it directly punishes
               | consumers for consuming more. In the second, it punishes
               | everyone equally on everyone's consumption, which is
               | unlikely to lead to behavior change. So yes, we should
               | tax fossil fuels much more.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | However, the first scenario will pass the increased cost
               | of fuel down to the consumers affecting poorer people
               | disproportionately. Example: some good that is produced
               | with fossil fuels (including food) will become too
               | expensive for low-income people, while richer (and more
               | polluting) people will not feel the difference that much.
               | 
               | If you go for general taxation, you distribute the cost
               | proportionally to income, making rich people pay more.
               | Probably the ideal is a mix of both.
        
               | pants2 wrote:
               | Ideally in the first scenario where we have well-
               | functioning government, necessities like food and low-
               | income housing would be well subsidized. Other things
               | like random junk from Temu and large gas-guzzling trucks
               | will be less accessible to poorer people by design.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Why should all of society pay for these externalities? If
               | some people manage to improve their energy supply and
               | don't require dirty fuels, why should they be forced to
               | subsidize those who won't?
               | 
               | Taxing the carbon at the source is simply correctly
               | pricing it, and because it makes it impossible to shift
               | the externalities away from the producer it fixes the
               | accounting problem that falsely makes fossil fuels appear
               | cheap.
        
               | _alternator_ wrote:
               | So... it's like you completely understand the issue :)
               | 
               | And obviously, you tax the fuel at the source, right when
               | it comes out of the ground. Higher prices get passed
               | down, changing behavior because the products
               | externalities are priced correctly from the start.
        
               | throw310822 wrote:
               | You can. Everything- including basic things like food,
               | transportation, construction, healthcare- will become
               | more expensive, of course. My objection was to ask fossil
               | fuel companies to pay _after_ you already bought and
               | burned your fuel cheap.
        
               | derektank wrote:
               | To be clear, the source would still be the consumer.
               | Hydrocarbons can be used for non-CO2 emitting purposes
               | such as chemical feedstock for pharmaceuticals, solvents,
               | etc. We should only be levying a tax upon uses that emit
               | CO2 into the atmosphere, i.e. burning them in your ICE
               | vehicle. It's not the fracking company that's emitting
               | the CO2 (unless they're gas flaring or similarly emitting
               | carbon during extraction but this is a rounding error on
               | total emissions).
        
             | Ygg2 wrote:
             | Pretty sure those poor multi billion companies also got
             | huge subsidies.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | > You want them to pay for the negative consequences of
             | your fossil fuel consumption
             | 
             | No I want them to pay for the negative consequences of the
             | lies they spread. I paid them for fuel, and I got fuel. I
             | did not think I was paying for lies and I never wanted
             | them.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExxonMobil_climate_change_den
             | i...
        
             | danny_codes wrote:
             | I want the emitter to be taxed however much it would cost
             | the market to put the carbon back.
             | 
             | Obviously in such a system there wouldn't be any fossil
             | fuel companies so it's a moot point.
             | 
             | But this isn't purely economic. Fossil fuel companies are
             | paying top dollar to ensure we destroy the climate. Just
             | look at all the batshit propaganda around climate change.
             | People genuinely believe it's not a problem. It's wild how
             | effective the fossil fuel industry has been in convincing
             | people the sky isn't falling
        
           | EGreg wrote:
           | It's actually a lot more systematic than you think:
           | https://magarshak.com/blog/government-and-industry-
           | distract-...
        
           | marginalia_nu wrote:
           | Problem is that we if we all stand in a circle and point
           | fingers at the next guy who is to blame, that doesn't really
           | move us toward any sort of solutions.
           | 
           | In fact the reason it's so easy to find others to blame is
           | that the responsibility is a shared one. Holding consumers
           | responsible doesn't absolve producers, or governments for
           | their participation. All have to be held responsible for
           | their actions. That's the only way forward.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | > Problem is that we if we all stand in a circle and point
             | fingers at the next guy who is to blame, that doesn't
             | really move us toward any sort of solutions.
             | 
             | Because of the power of lobbyists and their war chests full
             | of cash, even if we made that circle surrounding our
             | congress critter so everyone was pointing at them, we'd
             | still have no effect. Our shame circle would only be
             | uncomfortable for a short time which would quickly be
             | assuaged by the soothing feeling of another large donation
             | from a lobbyist.
        
         | ctoth wrote:
         | The concern about climate is well placed. Ripple et al. lay out
         | a serious case that we may be closer to tipping cascades than
         | models predict, with the Greenland Ice Sheet potentially
         | vulnerable to tipping below 2degC warming, well before 2050.
         | 
         | But "invest an equal share of the resources currently being
         | pumped into AI into climate" misidentifies the bottleneck.
         | Marine cloud brightening could produce meaningful planetary
         | cooling for roughly $5 billion per year at scale (NAS
         | estimate). That's like what? 1% of what was spent on AI
         | infrastructure last year?
         | 
         | The money exists. What doesn't exist is the political
         | coordination to spend it.
         | 
         | The goddamn Alameda city council shut down a University of
         | Washington MCB field test in 2024 because nobody told them it
         | was happening on their property. Go look it up.
         | 
         | This's the actual bottleneck: governance, coordination, and
         | political will, not capital.
         | 
         | When someone says "we should invest resources in X instead of
         | Y," it's worth asking who "we" is and what mechanism they're
         | proposing. AI investment is private capital chasing returns.
         | You can't redirect it to climate by wishing. The implicit
         | model, that Society has a budget and we're choosing wrong,
         | assumes a resource allocation authority that doesn't exist. If
         | you want to argue for creating one, that's a real position, but
         | it should be stated openly rather than hidden inside "it would
         | be sensible."
         | 
         | Also ... "AI won't solve it; it only makes it worse" is doing a
         | ton of work! The energy consumption concern has real merit. But
         | materials science, grid optimization, and climate modeling are
         | direct climate contributions happening now. Google has saved
         | energy in its datacenters ... using AI!
         | 
         | Blanket dismissal of an entire domain of capability isn't
         | seriousness, it's pattern matching. (Ironically, there's a
         | phrase for systems that produce plausible-sounding output by
         | matching patterns without engaging with underlying structure.
         | We're told to be worried about them.)
        
           | MSFT_Edging wrote:
           | > not capital
           | 
           | Capital, and by relation the system that centers the idea of
           | Capital as a method for moving around resources is at the
           | very center of this.
           | 
           | Since Capital follows near-term incentive, if the "pollute
           | the world" path has a greater near-term incentive, that's
           | where the market will follow. If a single member of the
           | system goes for long-term incentive(not cooking the earth),
           | other near-term incentive chasers will eat their lunch and
           | remove a player.
           | 
           | The system itself is a tight feedback loop searching for
           | local maxima, and the local max is often the most
           | destructive. With chasing the local maxima, also comes profit
           | and capital that influence the political system.
        
             | ctoth wrote:
             | What you've done here is called a fully-general
             | counterargument. You should be suspicious of these!
             | 
             | If capital inevitably follows destructive local maxima and
             | defectors get eaten, then no coordination problem has ever
             | been solved, right?
             | 
             | But we banned CFCs! We got lead out of gasoline! The
             | Montreal Protocol exists and worked.
             | 
             | What you're describing is the default behavior of
             | uncoordinated markets, not a physical law. The entire
             | history of regulation and international treaties consists
             | of mechanisms that override local incentive gradients.
             | Sometimes they fail. Sometimes they work.
             | 
             | "The system itself is a tight feedback loop" treats the
             | system as fixed rather than something humans have
             | repeatedly modified. The question is whether we'll add the
             | right feedback loops fast enough, not whether adding them
             | is metaphysically impossible.
             | 
             | My original point stands: the bottleneck on MCB isn't that
             | capital won't fund it. It's that the Alameda city council
             | didn't know a field test was happening on their waterfront
             | and NIMBY ... people ... made noise. Governance failure,
             | not capitalism failure.
        
               | akramachamarei wrote:
               | It's also worth distinguishing uncoordinated markets from
               | ungoverned markets. Markets exhibit vast and
               | sophisticated organic coordination without state
               | prodding. I don't just mean to pick at this word
               | "uncoordinated" but more deeply at the particular issue
               | of near- or far-sightedness. Has it actually been
               | established that organic economic coordination does worse
               | at protecting "the future" than some particular
               | alternatives?
        
               | bayarearefugee wrote:
               | > But we banned CFCs! We got lead out of gasoline! The
               | Montreal Protocol exists and worked.
               | 
               | None of these were done via capitalism, they were done in
               | opposition to it.
               | 
               | And I know you weren't claiming they were, but the
               | problem is all the power centers behind global capitalism
               | have captured government (at least in the US) completely
               | and are doing everything in their power to strip existing
               | regulations and make sure the only new ones aren't in the
               | name of the common good, but only to build moats for
               | themselves.
               | 
               | It is great that we solved these problems in the past,
               | but we are increasingly not doing that sort of thing at
               | all anymore.
        
               | filoeleven wrote:
               | The government is failing to control the problem because
               | it got bought out by the capitalists who run the
               | companies that continue to cause the damage. The law in
               | the US explicitly allows this, though it's "decent"
               | enough to hide it in a paper bag.
               | 
               | It's certainly a governance failure, but I'm not sure
               | what the fix for it is, and I don't see how capitalism
               | gets off scot-free.
        
               | globalnode wrote:
               | People will have to vote for non-captured candidates
               | (good luck finding them) or protest in large enough
               | numbers that the system will change. Those people will
               | also have to be critical thinkers to a degree that they
               | can consciously push back against the wall of marketing
               | and propaganda pumped out by those in power with money.
               | And they will have to self educate since governments
               | generally don't teach people these skills while they have
               | them in school for 12 or more years. From my point of
               | view the future looks pretty grim but I'm certainly
               | hoping to be surprised or corrected!
        
           | pendenthistory wrote:
           | Cooling the planet is neither a technical nor financial
           | problem. The problem is that environmentalists want this to
           | be a moral issue. They already decided on the solution. If
           | the solution is not environmental communism with them in
           | power, they will not have it.
        
             | javascriptfan69 wrote:
             | >Cooling the planet is neither a technical nor financial
             | problem
             | 
             | Yes it is. All solutions have trade offs.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | > Marine cloud brightening could produce meaningful planetary
           | cooling for roughly $5 billion per year at scale (NAS
           | estimate).
           | 
           | Eh. Cloud brightening is a temporary hack, stops working as
           | soon as you stop actively doing it, and isn't an alternative
           | to switching away from fossil fuels. It's probably worth
           | doing to push back the "ice melts and releases more carbon"
           | thing but let's not confuse it with the extent of what needs
           | to be done. You can't actually solve the problem for
           | $5B/year.
           | 
           | > AI investment is private capital chasing returns.
           | 
           | Getting private capital to work for you _is_ a good way to
           | solve the problem. The _real_ problem is politics.
           | 
           | The EV tax credits and the subsidies oil companies get were
           | costing about the same amount of money, but we only got rid
           | of one of them. Nuclear _should_ cost less than fossil fuels,
           | but we 're told that fission is scary and Deepwater Horizon
           | is nothing but spilled milk so the one with the much _better_
           | environmental record has to be asymmetrically regulated into
           | uncompetitiveness.
           | 
           | If we actually wanted to solve it we'd do the "carbon tax but
           | 100% of the money gets sent back to the people as checks"
           | thing, since then you're not screwing everyone because on
           | average the check and the tax cancel out and corporations pay
           | the tax too but only people get the check. Then everyone, but
           | especially the heaviest users, would have the incentive to
           | switch to alternative energy and more efficient vehicles
           | etc., because everybody gets the same check but the people
           | putting thousands of miles on non-hybrid panzers pay more in
           | tax.
           | 
           | The "problem" is that it would actually work, which is highly
           | objectionable to the oil industry and countries like Russia
           | since it would cause their income to go away, hence politics.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | Maybe we could ask AI!
         | 
         | https://chatgpt.com/share/698ce97b-4d54-8000-aecb-542ceecb00...
        
           | Lerc wrote:
           | But https://chatgpt.com/share/698cee2c-b8c4-800f-b3cb-
           | fa8869f874...
        
         | razster wrote:
         | As a human living on this planet, with roughly another 50 years
         | left, I say we allow our actions to continue. We are unable to
         | stop those in power and with high influence from doing
         | anything; we deserve what is coming. Earth will be fine without
         | us. Good luck everyone!
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Unfortunately it won't happen, as humanity rather nuke
         | ourselves generating memes, while driving beverage from paper
         | straws.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | The difference is emblematic of the difficulty in getting
         | attention for climate mitigation. AI succeeds because you can
         | sell a service _to an individual human_ which will give them
         | advantages _over other humans_. Climate change mitigation fails
         | because you are trying to sell a service _to humanity_ which
         | will result in a better end state _over some other hypothetical
         | imagined future_. Humans make decisions, not humanity, and many
         | of them are pretty bad with both hypotheticals and imagination.
         | It 's no wonder that a product designed to make them _do better
         | at what they do, right now_ is more successful than one
         | designed to make _everybody_ do better than what would
         | otherwise have resulted, 50-100 years in the future when they
         | 'll likely be dead.
         | 
         | Any kind of workable solution to large, societal-level problems
         | needs to deal with the principal agent issue. Society doesn't
         | actually exist; humanity doesn't actually exist. These are
         | abstractions we use to label the behavior of _individual
         | people_. You need to operate on the level of individual people
         | to get any sort of outcome.
         | 
         | (FWIW, this is a major reason why concepts like markets,
         | capitalism, democracy, rule of law, and federalism have been
         | successful. They work by aligning incentives so that when one
         | person takes an action that is good for themselves, they more-
         | or-less end up benefitting the people around them too.)
        
         | cons0le wrote:
         | Imagine if we had laws that required all LLM compute to come
         | from solar, or other sustainable power sources. We could have
         | used the market's thirst for AI as a backchannel way to force
         | creation of new sustainable energy.
         | 
         | In contrast to Elon/XAI's illegal methane fuled datacenter in
         | memphis
        
           | 2III7 wrote:
           | Imagine if we had people that actually listened to
           | scientists, reduced their carbon footprint and changed their
           | habits.
        
         | Lerc wrote:
         | I agree to an extent that each of us contributes in a manner,
         | but the manner that we contribute is not certain. A person who
         | puts more effort into reducing their own personal climate
         | impact could be doing worse than using the same effort to enact
         | systemic change. It could be bailing water on a sinking ship
         | instead of fixing the leak. The problem is you might not appear
         | to be doing anything in isolation. Just spending that extra
         | effort at work and sending the money earned to the ship
         | patching people so they can get what they need would fix the
         | problem better. If you choose bailing are you not just choosing
         | something visible but ineffective over achieving the desired
         | outcome but just being a boring taxpayer.
         | 
         | As for AI, to characterise it as a "solution to problems we
         | didn't really have" is placing your opinion over others. They
         | may be right or wrong about it but many AI proponents firmly
         | believe that AI can provide solutions to real world problems
         | that we definitely have. You may disagree about their potential
         | effectiveness, and that's ok, but at least tolerate that people
         | might have different ideas about how to make the world better.
        
         | frogperson wrote:
         | There simply is no solution to this problem. We would all need
         | to stop driving, flying, and eating meat. Most families (in the
         | US, anyway) would suffer unemployment and starvation if they
         | couldnt drive to work.
         | 
         | Humans will continue to do whatever is needed to survive,, and
         | that currently involves driving, flying, and eating meat. They
         | will only stop when those behaviours are either not possible,
         | or hinder survival.
        
         | htx80nerd wrote:
         | every year (month?) that passes people are saying the end of
         | the world is right around the corner due to climate change.
         | then 10 yrs passes, nothing happens, and they keep saying the
         | same stuff.
         | 
         | the system warning you the world is in big trouble dont remind
         | you 'their side' has been saying the sky is falling for ~40+
         | yrs.
        
         | j-krieger wrote:
         | > that each and every one of us contributes to its
         | intensification or mitigation through our decisions
         | 
         | I've travelled quite a bit and I find it hard to convince
         | myself that I as a city dweller contribute any meaningful
         | amount to pollution or waste. I've seen _rivers_ of trash flow
         | directly into the ocean. The rich and wealthy pollute
         | disproportionally in such a way that I don't think offloading
         | the responsibility to the general public is fair.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | The simple counterargument is that there many more of us than
           | there are of them, so even if on an individual level we have
           | less effect collectively we have much more.
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | We contribute to it 1% by the actions we take as individuals,
         | and 99% by the leaders we select.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | It's important to remember that in REALISTIC worse case
         | emissions projections, by 2050 - we will have CO2 higher than
         | levels seen in the last 10 million years - but there was a 500
         | million year period where CO2 levels were an order of magnitude
         | higher than that - and there's NO WAY we're getting there
         | without destroying civilization first, so there's no chance on
         | current trajectories that we turn the planet into Venus.
         | 
         | The super danger zone is ~1000 PPM CO2 - where ocean chemistry
         | changes. In worst case scenarios in 50-60 years, we _could_ get
         | there - but there 's a lot of reason to believe we won't, and
         | we DEFINITELY aren't getting there by 2050.
         | 
         | The graph the main source shows is cherry-picked. Look at this:
         | https://co2coalition.org/facts/for-most-of-earths-history-it...
         | 
         | Saying we're on a "hothouse" trajectory plays into the
         | Apocalypse / Earth Becomes Venus trope, which is so ridiculous
         | for our lifetime even under the absolute worst case realistic
         | scenarios.
        
       | shrubby wrote:
       | Ehm, we're royally fuxed.
       | 
       | Unless the fake reality starts to crack with the Epstein and
       | other current events and humanity's coming of age will happen.
       | Even if a hundred years later than Bonhoeffer though it would.
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Vote Giant Meteor 2028. Thick Dust or Bust.
        
       | baq wrote:
       | Nothing new under the sun.
       | 
       | We can't cut emissions fast enough politically, but we _can_ race
       | towards economically viable fusion power which would solve the
       | problem from the supply side and would make industrial scale
       | carbon sequestration not insane, for a century or so, until waste
       | heat itself can 't be radiated fast enough even in 250 ppm CO2
       | atmosphere - but that's a problem for the XXII century.
        
         | FarmerPotato wrote:
         | How about economically viable fission power, right now.
        
           | baq wrote:
           | That's the thing, can't be done
        
             | sien wrote:
             | France, Sweden and Ontario exist.
             | 
             | https://app.electricitymaps.com/map/12mo/monthly
             | 
             | It literally has been done.
        
         | logicprog wrote:
         | Economically viable fusion power uses the fusion reactor in the
         | sky beaming energy to us for free that we can collect with
         | relatively cheap, simple, decentralized, solid state, and
         | extremely long lasting (decades) power transmission recievers.
        
           | baq wrote:
           | No disagreement, but nights and clouds are inconvenient and
           | remedies are also expensive-ish. We need both.
        
       | jeffybefffy519 wrote:
       | I really think the key to addressing climate change should have
       | started 20 years ago in a lot of primary schools, whereby the
       | curriculum includes subjects that are more tailored to solving
       | problems with capturing or converting C02 (eg sciences) so that
       | these students are thinking about these problems when graduating
       | and starting businesses to solve the challenges (hopefully with
       | gov incentives at same time).
        
         | PaulKeeble wrote:
         | We have had the technology to decarbonise the grid since the
         | 1950s and we have known about the problem since the 1970s.
         | Politics however has driven the use of CO2 instead of nuclear
         | energy and required the drastic development of high end wind
         | and solar. Even that wasn't enough, it also had to get
         | considerably cheaper than CO2 producing energy sources and the
         | entire time the entire worlds population has been subjected to
         | massive amounts of propaganda to keep burning oil, gas and
         | coal. This transition was possible 55 years ago when the
         | problem was first surfaced, the political will just wasn't
         | there so it didn't happen.
         | 
         | Its not an education issue, it has always been governments
         | getting in the way and refusing to change the power source. its
         | why I think Solar will win out, it can be deployed on an
         | individual house level unlike everything else and that changes
         | things enormously.
        
           | Moldoteck wrote:
           | eh... imagine a planet scale messmer plan... too bad petro-
           | dollar is a thing
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | 20 years ago was when Al Gore's influential documentary _An
         | Inconvenient Truth_ first appeared. Almost everyone I knew
         | discussed it, including primary school pupils. Guess what, we
         | do have better tools today than 20 years ago to fight climate
         | change, such as practical and useful electric vehicles to
         | replace CO2-emitting conventional vehicles.
        
       | chasil wrote:
       | What is generally not understood is that our current icehouse
       | phase is rare.
       | 
       | 'A "greenhouse Earth" is a period during which no continental
       | glaciers exist anywhere on the planet... Earth has been in a
       | greenhouse state for about 85% of its history.
       | 
       | 'Earth is now in an icehouse state, and ice sheets are present in
       | both poles simultaneously... Earth's current icehouse state is
       | known as the Quaternary Ice Age and began approximately 2.58
       | million years ago.'
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_and_icehouse_Earthh...
        
         | bhickey wrote:
         | The _state_ isn't alarming, it's the rate of change. The
         | transition is happening on a scale of human lifetimes instead
         | of geological time.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Precisely. Humans can adapt to almost anything but we can not
           | do it fast enough with 8 billion+ people.
        
           | filoeleven wrote:
           | Yeah. The XKCD "Timeline of Earth's Average Temperature" is,
           | I'm pretty certain, the most frightening chart I have ever
           | seen.
           | 
           | https://xkcd.com/1732/
        
         | andyjohnson0 wrote:
         | > Earth has been in a greenhouse state for about 85% of its
         | history.
         | 
         | And during those periods there were no human beings. And no
         | agriculture, or unstable globalised economiies, or dense urban
         | societies vulnerable to disruption.
         | 
         | It is, of course, interesting that our planet has this long,
         | varied existence that pre-dates us. But it is of little use in
         | understanding how to get us out of the hole we're in. And it is
         | arguably dangerous, because it misleads people into thinking
         | that we have the capacity to adapt to such conditions, when we
         | manifestly don't.
        
           | chasil wrote:
           | To put a different shade on the meaning, this climate period
           | is rare, easily disturbed, and difficult to restore even with
           | vastly more powerful technology.
           | 
           | The more common greenhouse state is unlikely to lead to a
           | Venus runaway, but it will be hostile to us.
           | 
           | We might very well require the rare climate, and perish in
           | the common.
        
       | vdupras wrote:
       | And yet, the only reasonable action to take is to flag this topic
       | and move along with the "humanity has always found a way out,
       | technology will save us. Remember, we were supposed to drown in
       | horse manure!"
       | 
       | Why? Because candidly looking at those risks as a society means
       | deep collective existential dread, which automatically means an
       | immediate civilizational collapse.
       | 
       | So I'm guessing some of our elite is actually ignorant and the
       | other part is willfully shutting the hell up on this subject to
       | let our civilization run on fumes a few more years.
       | 
       | It's unfortunate because a rapid civilizational collapse could
       | give humanity as a species a better chance of survival.
        
         | maybelsyrup wrote:
         | > It's unfortunate because a rapid civilizational collapse
         | could give humanity as a species a better chance of survival.
         | 
         | How's that?
        
           | vdupras wrote:
           | An effective way to cut carbon emissions before feedback
           | loops are triggered
        
       | Aeveus wrote:
       | Miss the days where YC put emphasis on climate tech too:
       | 
       | - https://www.ycombinator.com/blog/rfs-climatetech
       | 
       | - http://carbon.ycombinator.com/
        
         | jacobsenscott wrote:
         | YC has always been about cashing in on the latest grift, and
         | nothing more.
        
       | j0ba wrote:
       | If only there was a clean, nearly limitless source of energy,
       | where the waste for hundreds of years of energy could be stored
       | in less than a square kilometer.
       | 
       | If such a thing existed, we could be sure that environmentalists
       | and leftists would have openly embraced it, rather than nip it at
       | the bud 50 years ago. Because they are Good People(tm). And we
       | should definitely listen to them now because they Follow The
       | Science(tm).
        
         | wiz21c wrote:
         | CO2 seems very threatening but loss of biodiversity is also a
         | problem, and it has nothing to do with energy...
         | 
         | We're in deep s*t
        
         | pyrale wrote:
         | > If such a thing existed, we could be sure that
         | environmentalists and leftists would have openly embraced it,
         | rather than nip it at the bud 50 years ago. Because they are
         | Good People(tm). And we should definitely listen to them now
         | because they Follow The Science(tm).
         | 
         | The issue with current politics wrt environment is
         | environmentalists and leftists? This feels like a smoker
         | blaming their smoking habit on anti-drug associations not being
         | good enough rather than big tobacco.
        
         | irishloop wrote:
         | Surely nothing has ever done wrong with this limitless source
         | of clean energy to give people pause? There's no uninhabitable
         | areas of the Earth due to this?
        
           | Moldoteck wrote:
           | i'm not sure there are, from a science point of view... From
           | political point of view there are probably only 2 locations
           | in one country... vs a gigantic energy output on planetary
           | scale...
        
         | logicprog wrote:
         | But that source of power is a high-modernist invention that is
         | unnatural and especially dangerous because of a few high-
         | profile accidents. We have to shut it all down!
        
         | akramachamarei wrote:
         | People may be downvoting you because they think you're not
         | speaking in good faith. But I think this touches on an
         | important issue which is the credibility of politicians when it
         | comes to bringing the science hammer down (in the form of
         | policy). Stuff like the junk science behind those old CA
         | plastic straw policies, the seesawing on Covid prevention and
         | lab-leak denialism, the energy efficient dryers that don't work
         | (this last one is more hearsay to me, and issue of CBA rather
         | than scientific fact perhaps.) I think if politicians can get
         | their shit straight on communicating _mature_ science
         | thoroughly and accurately it could go a long way to getting
         | people to work together.
        
       | Teever wrote:
       | What's fascinating and dismaying to me is that it's obvious that
       | there exists sufficient capital and capability in the west to fix
       | this.
       | 
       | I always wondered if we just lacked the ability to mobilize to
       | solve big problems anymore but now I look at this 7% US GDP being
       | allocated to AI datacentres and I realize that it isn't a lack of
       | ability, it's a lack of desire.
       | 
       | Imagine if we had ram shortages because all the silicon was being
       | diverted towards making solar panels. Imagine if we had copper
       | shortages because it was going to the windings on wind mills.
       | Imagine if all these economic disruptions were just temporary and
       | for a better cause or eliminating carbon emissions and eventually
       | moving to sequestration of carbon.
       | 
       | Instead we get chatbots. And funny picture makers.
        
         | FarmerPotato wrote:
         | Not the same silicon. Wafer fabs make pure crystals.
         | Photovoltaics use polysilicon.
         | 
         | Obviously you mean purified silicon, but, remember silicon is
         | what the Earth has in abundance (yeah I know it's energy
         | intensive, and there exist such profession as sand prospector.)
        
       | trilogic wrote:
       | No worries ladies and gentleman, AI will solve it, insert coin,
       | or better throw another trillion at it and all will be solved.
       | 
       | AGI is here
        
       | AndrewKemendo wrote:
       | Meanwhile all these other AI threads everybody's worried about
       | losing their jobs
       | 
       | Not realizing we're gonna go extinct here in the next thousand
       | years unless something solves it
       | 
       | Since humans are incapable of doing this there's only one
       | possible option: To create something smarter than us and give it
       | the power to solve it because we cannot
        
         | blibble wrote:
         | > Meanwhile all these other AI threads everybody's worried
         | about losing their jobs
         | 
         | don't worry
         | 
         | AI will cause both losing your job AND climate change
        
       | schiffern wrote:
       | >Despite decades of research and sophisticated computational
       | climate modeling, the magnitude and pace of these events have
       | surprised scientists, raising questions about how well current
       | climate projections capture risk.
       | 
       | "Yet again, worse than we predicted."
       | 
       | When this always-revise-in-one-direction phenomenon happened with
       | the electron charge, it was considered _a priori_ "proof" that
       | scientists were fudging their data to match expectations. The
       | Millikan Oil Drop Experiment is still studied in fundamentals of
       | science class.[0]
       | 
       | If climate scientists are constantly revising their predictions
       | upward, then this is equally "proof" that climate scientists are
       | under pressure to revise their estimates downward. Far from being
       | "alarmist," such terms are actually cudgels used to discourage
       | climate scientists from making their data look too bad.
       | 
       | The result is the predictable fudging of climate data to look
       | better than it really is.
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_drop_experiment#Millikan's...
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | What about the possibility that the models so far have always
         | been wrong and if they wrong in the wrong direction you would
         | never hear about them?
        
           | schiffern wrote:
           | Precisely, it's just a selection effect. There's always
           | uncertainty, and scientists are heavily incentivized to
           | "prune" models that show large effect sizes. The result is
           | the observed systematic underestimations, punctuated by
           | (suspiciously monotonic) upward revisions any time the new
           | data comes out.
        
       | lifis wrote:
       | At least considering only temperature, it seems changes are never
       | going to be irreversible since both stratospheric aerosol
       | injection and intentional nuclear winter should always be able to
       | cool down global temperatures
        
       | 1attice wrote:
       | We can stop saying "risk" at this point. Just "the hothouse
       | Earth's trajectory" is fine
        
       | kunley wrote:
       | One of the solutions is to stop the ai hype, as the excessive
       | electrical needs it creates are obviously not helping with the
       | climate.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Carbon tax. Stop subsidizing fossil fuels.
        
       | daverol wrote:
       | When I want to motivate myself I look at this
       | https://www.theclimatebrink.com/p/the-scariest-climate-plot-...
        
       | profsummergig wrote:
       | > During the mid-to-late Pleistocene (~1.2 million to 11,700
       | years before present) ... with temperatures ranging roughly
       | between -6degC and +2degC relative to the pre-industrial mean of
       | ~14degC
       | 
       | Does this mean during mid-to-late Pleistocene it used to be -6C
       | to +2C, or does it mean it used to be 8C to 16C?
       | 
       | (If the former, then how did early humanoids, and many other
       | animals, survive such cold?)
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | The later, "-6degC and +2degC relative to" is relative to the
         | mean of 14.
        
         | david-gpu wrote:
         | The latter. I suggest reading
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleoclimatology#Reconstructin...
        
       | jdmoreira wrote:
       | Just price in the externalities and it probably solves itself
        
       | an-allen wrote:
       | Omg people its - the bullshit mascaraing as science these days is
       | exhausting. Earth is on a hot house trajectory regardless of
       | climate. The sun expands and gets hotter - so do we. Its
       | literally then simplest game structure there is - get to the next
       | hop before you die. The next hop is Mars. I don't understand why
       | this isn't inherently obvious.
        
         | codeulike wrote:
         | _The sun expands and gets hotter_
         | 
         | Yes, in approx 4 billion years.
         | 
         | I agree that is a concern but I think we should also pay some
         | attention to some of the problems we will be facing in a
         | timescale somewhat shorter than billions of years.
        
       | betaby wrote:
       | Let's compare two countries at the same level of development.
       | 
       | Canada has 14 tonnes carbon footprint per person. Canada is a
       | cold country.
       | 
       | France has 8 tonnes carbon footprint per person. Climate is way
       | warmer.
       | 
       | We can't continue adding population and the wondering what is
       | going on.
        
       | kieranmaine wrote:
       | The bull case is solar and batteries are only going to get
       | cheaper so the speed of the transition will increase.
       | 
       | * Australia's renewables generation increased from 13.7% in 2015
       | to 42.9% in 2025 [1]
       | 
       | * EIA: 99%+ of new US capacity in 2026 will be solar, wind +
       | storage [2]
       | 
       | * Wind and solar overtake fossil power in the EU for the first
       | time in 2025 [3]
       | 
       | 1.
       | https://explore.openelectricity.org.au/energy/nem/?range=all...
       | 
       | 2. https://electrek.co/2026/01/28/eia-99-of-new-us-capacity-
       | in-...
       | 
       | 3. https://ember-energy.org/latest-insights/european-
       | electricit...
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The CO2 graph over decades is painfully clear.[1] From 321ppm in
       | 1970 to 428ppm in mid-2005, measured in Hawaii atop Mauna Loa,
       | far from any major CO2 sources. Everything else is noisy and
       | statistical, but the CO2 measurement increases very steadily.
       | 
       | [1] https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/
        
         | krashidov wrote:
         | Yes, and the scary thing is that soon the atmospheric carbon
         | PPM will be high enough to start affecting how we think, act,
         | and feel on a day to day basis.
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | Serious question:
       | 
       | There could indeed be self-reinforcing feedbacks and tipping
       | dynamics that make the problem worse.
       | 
       | There could presumably also be self-dampening, stabilising
       | dynamics that come into play at certain levels.
       | 
       | Is there any science on why the former is more likely than the
       | latter?
        
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