[HN Gopher] MIT Living Wage Calculator
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       MIT Living Wage Calculator
        
       Author : bear_with_me
       Score  : 149 points
       Date   : 2026-02-09 19:50 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (livingwage.mit.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (livingwage.mit.edu)
        
       | thealistra wrote:
       | US only it seems?
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | Pretty good, but not granular enough. For example, the area I
       | grew up in is much cheaper to live in that the metro it is tagged
       | to. The two areas are separated by 15 miles (~24km).
       | 
       | If you live in a large city, then it works great.
        
       | downrightmike wrote:
       | Does this base itself on the metric started in 1963, that was
       | eseentially a big guess that 3x starvation level was well off?
       | because we have better numbers now. Avg us salary is 60k, but to
       | take car of the needs of a family of 4, not in starvation range
       | is ~$160k/year
        
         | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
         | https://livingwage.mit.edu/pages/methodology
        
         | lelandbatey wrote:
         | Put in an area and see for yourself. In general, yes this
         | calculator is closer to what you're describing. For example,
         | Skamania County, a pretty rural county of Washington state with
         | a very low population of 12,000 people, still has a "required
         | living wage" for 1 breadwinner + 1 homemaker + 3 children of
         | $104,292 per year: https://livingwage.mit.edu/counties/53059
         | 
         | That feels pretty close to accurate.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | Yeah Dallas county Texas, where I live, for family of 4 and 2
           | working adults is around $105k/year. That seems close,
           | there's nothing secure about that long term (no room for
           | savings or retirement) but it's livable.
        
         | ninalanyon wrote:
         | How can you need that much money to not starve?
         | 
         | According to Wikipedia[1] median household income in the US and
         | Norway is only about a quarter of your 160 kUSD.
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure that most of the people living near me in
         | Norway are not high earners but I don't see any signs of
         | starvation either.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median_income
        
           | etchalon wrote:
           | Norway has many wonderful things American voters are
           | terrified of giving people less they use them.
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | USA site. USA metrics. USA Comment. I vote to get the same
           | things you all have, but your assumption is that Norway
           | matters in this context is foolish
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | > not in starvation range is ~$160k/year
         | 
         | That highly depends on your definition of "need" and where you
         | live. If you're in a city with ludicrous cost of living, like
         | San Fransisco, then sure. But, that's also why people commute,
         | or just choose to go somewhere cheaper. It's somewhat shocking
         | seeing how much higher the standard of living is, with much
         | less income, outside the big cities.
        
         | Exoristos wrote:
         | In the U.S., a family of four technically doesn't need any
         | money "not to starve," because SNAP covers the cost of
         | groceries if providers are unable.
        
       | ninalanyon wrote:
       | 2080 hours per year! That's 52 weeks of 40 hours per week. It's
       | also inhuman.
       | 
       | Here in Norway we have five weeks of holiday plus various public
       | holidays and only 37.5 hours per week adding up to about 1700
       | hours per year.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Yeah, oil nations are different. Norway's resources are well-
         | managed, but oil nations with outsourced defence just have
         | different constraints.
        
           | sva_ wrote:
           | In Germany its somewhere between 1600-1700 hours, and we
           | don't have much oil
        
           | Sadzeih wrote:
           | France is not an oil nation. We have 35h weeks and 5 weeks of
           | paid vacation as well.
           | 
           | Edit: Also, the US is a damn oil nation. It has nothing to do
           | with oil, and everything to do with politics.
        
             | daedrdev wrote:
             | France has stuck is head in the sand regarding its future
             | finances
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | So has the US, difference is the US citizens don't get
               | anything good out of their debt.
        
               | mhb wrote:
               | > US citizens don't get anything good out of their debt
               | 
               | Partly because they're paying for drug innovation and
               | defense for other countries.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | As if the US hasn't!
        
             | wtcactus wrote:
             | Yes, and your government takes 57% of the total GDP to
             | themselves, rely on an external power (that's less and less
             | friendly) for their protection and are on the track to
             | their 6th prime minister in less than 2 years (is it 6th?
             | I've lost track) because if they try to increase the
             | retirement age above 62 (in their pay as you go
             | unmaintanable system) people come down to the streets to
             | burn down businesses and destroy public property.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Spain and Portugal were in pretty much the same boat not
               | too long ago and they've started to reform of their own
               | accord. The French will come around once the bond
               | vigilantes start taking a serious look at that whole
               | government deficit+debt situation and unsustainable
               | retirement ages. Of course it will be painful and involve
               | severe austerity measures, but that's what it takes.
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | Every single nation on Earth has mandatory paid vacation,
           | except for the United States and three tiny islands: https://
           | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minimum_annual_leave_b....
           | 
           | Edit: And looking into it a little, I'm pretty sure two of
           | those islands actually do have mandatory paid leave after a
           | minimum period of employment.
        
             | adam_beck wrote:
             | It would be interesting to know which percentage of full-
             | time jobs in the USA get no paid vacation.
        
             | changoplatanero wrote:
             | I don't get what the big deal is about mandatory paid
             | vacation. My view is that your total compensation will be
             | set based on the market value of your labor. Some portion
             | of that compensation is given to you in the form of
             | ordinary wages and some portion in the form of paid
             | vacations. If the government mandated paid vacations would
             | it increase many people's total compensation?
        
               | anticorporate wrote:
               | Wages and time off are not frictionlessly interchangeable
               | in the vast majority of jobs. Mandating minimum levels
               | for both helps make sure people have access to both.
        
               | sdellis wrote:
               | For a lot of us, work is not our life. Turns out that
               | most people really want a paid vacation. Smart
               | Capitalists know that it's easier to extract value from
               | workers with higher morale.
               | 
               | If you would rather trade your paid vacation for an extra
               | week of pay, I am sure you and your boss can work it out.
               | Companies pay out unused vacation all the time. Just
               | don't ruin it for the rest of us!
        
               | marcyb5st wrote:
               | In my European mind (I have 25 mandated days off per
               | year), if there was not a mandatory paid vacation limit
               | two things would happen:
               | 
               | 1. Further exploit desperate people since those that
               | don't need to work at any cost would steer clear of jobs
               | that have 0 holidays. 2. You would further penalize
               | people with families where both parents work. It is well
               | understood that if your kid is sick you can't really use
               | your sick days and so must use your PTO days. Having 0
               | available days doesn't play well with having kids
               | (personal experience).
               | 
               | And finally, having mandated PTO allow you to actually
               | take holidays. I heard too many times of companies that
               | offer unlimited PTO and when the employer tries to take
               | some they sabotage him/her or plainly threaten his/her
               | job security.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | The easiest answer is yes, since many Americans currently
               | earn minimum wage with no paid vacation, minimum wage
               | with mandatory vacation would be an increase in total
               | compensation. I don't know how paid leave regulations
               | impact wage growth in general, I'm sure there is research
               | on this but I didn't immediately find anything.
               | 
               | Another way to think about it: why do we have building
               | codes? We don't want to incentivize builders to cut
               | corners that would risk an electrical fire or falling
               | down in an earthquake or something in order to offer a
               | cheaper price, so we make it illegal. If unsafe buildings
               | are allowed, it makes it difficult for safe builders to
               | stay in the market. Similarly, we don't want to
               | incentivize workers to sell their labor with zero leave
               | in order to offer a cheaper price, because that risks
               | unhealthy and insular communities (literally unhealthy if
               | people can't take sick leave), poor mental health,
               | unhealthy childcare practices, an unhealthy civic
               | environment if people can't take time off to vote or
               | volunteer, etc. The labor market is competitive and
               | people will sacrifice paid leave if they have to, because
               | they need money to live, so we should make it illegal to
               | remove the incentive.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | > total compensation will be set based on the market
               | value of your labor.
               | 
               | No, you do not want that.
               | 
               | The market value of most people's labour is very close to
               | zero.
               | 
               | Left to the market most of the population would live just
               | below starvation, a very small group of owners would live
               | very well, and a small group of artisans would do OK
               | supporting the tiny group.
               | 
               | That is where many countries are heading
        
               | the_gastropod wrote:
               | Unless you have a union, there's a dramatic power
               | imbalance between you (the employee) and the employer at
               | the negotiating table. I'd urge you to read up about the
               | 19th century labor movement and what conditions prompted
               | it.
        
             | jandrewrogers wrote:
             | Mandatory vacation, like education, mandatory IDs, and
             | myriad other laws are the sole jurisdiction of the
             | individual States to decide. There will never be a "US" law
             | about these things. Most questions that start with "why is
             | the US the only country..." can be explained by the fact
             | that the States decide and the US government can't force
             | the States to make laws.
             | 
             | Similarly, there is no US law against most crimes. It
             | doesn't mean those laws don't exist in every State.
             | 
             | That said, there is no State with mandatory paid vacation
             | either AFAIK.
             | 
             | Given the political diversity of the States, this suggests
             | that mandatory paid vacation is either not considered an
             | important issue by people across the political spectrum
             | _or_ there are existing regulations that would create real
             | problems if there paid vacation was mandated without
             | changing those regulations first.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | There has been a federal law for mandatory family and
               | medical leave for 30+ years
               | (https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/fmla). It is unpaid and
               | doesn't cover all workers, but that's a legislative
               | detail that could be changed. I don't see any legal or
               | constitutional reason that unpaid leave can be federal
               | but paid leave can't.
        
           | hybrid_study wrote:
           | I'm not sure that's the key factor. Resource wealth helps,
           | but it doesn't automatically translate into shorter workweeks
           | or generous leave. Countries with far fewer natural resources
           | --such as Germany, the Netherlands, or Denmark--still manage
           | shorter working hours, strong labor protections, and
           | substantial paid vacation.
           | 
           | Those outcomes depend much more on labor policy, bargaining
           | power, and what governments choose to protect. In many
           | places, business pressure and media framing make long hours
           | seem unavoidable, even though they're ultimately the result
           | of policy choices.
        
             | usrnm wrote:
             | > Countries with far fewer natural resources--such as
             | Germany, the Netherlands
             | 
             | Where do you think the term "Dutch disease" came from?
        
           | lawn wrote:
           | The other Nordic countries don't have oil riches and manages
           | just fine.
        
         | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
         | Urban workers in China do 3,744 hours per year; farmers do 2400
         | hours
         | 
         | Norwegian workers do 1,418 hours per year, one of the lowest in
         | the world
        
           | racl101 wrote:
           | 3744 hours. Dayum!
           | 
           | Just going off basic numbers:
           | 
           | - 3744/52/5 = 14.4 hour day if they work 5 days a week
           | 
           | - 3744/52/6 = 12 hrs if they work 6 days a week
           | 
           | - 3744/52/7 = 10.3 hrs if they work 7 days a week.
        
             | beambot wrote:
             | That is, indeed, what 9-9-6 means: 9am-9pm (12hrs) * 6 days
             | per week.
        
               | kevinyang222 wrote:
               | 9-9-6 is also not full productivity for 9-9-6.
               | 
               | Office workers will eat lunch, take a 1-2hr nap in the
               | afternoon, and also eat dinner with their coworkers
               | within the common 9-9-6 rhythm. It still takes a
               | significant chunk of time, but the actual working time
               | butt-in-chair is closer to 54 hours
        
               | hackable_sand wrote:
               | You lose productivity doing 996 anyways so how can you
               | maximize past that?
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | > Urban workers in China do 3,744 hours per year
           | 
           | For reference, that's 10:15 per day, 365 days a year. Or 996
           | without vacations, if you intend to have one day off.
           | 
           | 996 has never been a standard work duration for urban workers
           | in China, aside from some tech companies that promoted
           | performative work ethics. And even there, people _do_ take
           | vacations.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | I think they just do that to get to an hourly rate. It's
         | probably better to look at the annual income and think of that
         | number regardless of how many hours you worked during the year.
        
       | clircle wrote:
       | The standard of living that one could afford with a "living wage"
       | looks to be very very low. Like, 0 vacations and no house low,
       | for my metro area.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | Yes, this is supposed to be the number at which you aren't
         | going to go into (medical, auto) debt, make rent/utilities each
         | month, and not starve. It is by no means intended to represent
         | a life containing any luxuries.
        
         | falcojr wrote:
         | And for my area it is very high. I live in a cheap midwest town
         | and according to this, the difference between here and San
         | Francisco is only 30k a year.
        
       | clueless wrote:
       | This whole dataset needs to be downloadable, instead of being
       | behind their UI..
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Basically a "ramen profitable" calculator.
        
       | prepend wrote:
       | I don't think this is very accurate. In my county the "living
       | wage" is $26.50 for a single adult with no children.
       | 
       | Many young people I know live on much less than this.
       | 
       | This is more like "optimal wage to live alone in my own apartment
       | with a car." Which of course, people would like to have but
       | certainly isn't required to be comfortable.
       | 
       | For example, transportation costs are $9000/year and housing is
       | $20000/year. These are both way more than is necessary.
       | 
       | They need better branding because calling this a living wage is a
       | misnomer and harming their cause.
        
         | andiareso wrote:
         | I disagree. Living wage is not minimum wage.
        
           | sedatk wrote:
           | The web site also makes that distinction: living wage,
           | poverty wage, and minimum wage.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | That is the point isn't it.
           | 
           | The minimum wage is far below what it takes to actually
           | 'live', like have a place to live and a car.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | Are those people funding their retirement? Are they going to be
         | able to take care of themselves as health issues come up? Are
         | they receiving support from family?
         | 
         | Edit: also the housing cost is probably factoring in a studio
         | or maybe a 1bd for a single person. That may seem luxurious to
         | you, but for many that is the only real option they have
         | (roommates are hard to come by and can hurt you physically and
         | fiscally).
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | No, roommates aren't hard to come by. As evidenced by the
           | millions who have roommates.
           | 
           | In my 20s everyone I knew had roommates. And it was a good
           | life.
           | 
           | Saying a studio or 1 bedroom is required makes this metric
           | pretty ambiguous.
           | 
           | Thus my point, that this isn't what's required to just live.
           | But to live comfortably.
        
         | etchalon wrote:
         | "Living wage" means the ability to live, not scrape by with the
         | bare minimum possible.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | I feel like I've eat pretty well, and my household food costs
           | are almost half what the calculator shows. Similar for
           | vehicle costs etc.
           | 
           | After looking at the method, I think the calculator probably
           | has some bias towards "what society has convinced us we
           | need". To a certain extent that is a relative and subjective
           | perception problem, and one exacerbated when you live in a
           | society with a lot of consumer debt.
        
             | Larrikin wrote:
             | What does eating pretty well mean to you? Maybe you don't
             | even if you think you do? We don't know without your budget
             | or a receipt from your typical grocery run
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | Also some folks are just smaller than others.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | They do try to account for this in their method. Men,
               | women, and children of different ages all have different
               | amounts of assumed food intake
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Mostly what the typical nutritional guidance has
               | advocated consistently over the last few decades, with
               | maybe slightly higher protein intake.
               | 
               | 6-8 servings of fruits and vegetables a day, fairly
               | liberal amounts of dairy and lean protein, lesser amounts
               | of red meat. Grains like breads/rice for additional
               | carbohydrates.
               | 
               | Admittedly, avoiding eating out regularly is the #1 way I
               | keep food costs down, though.
        
             | etchalon wrote:
             | My household food costs are about 20% more than what the
             | calculator shows (and that's a very minimal budget)
             | 
             | Behold, "averages" are not perfect.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Are you following the USDA thrifty food plan like the
               | methodology assumes?
        
               | etchalon wrote:
               | I don't perfectly weigh our groceries every week to hit
               | the exact counts they recommend, no.
               | 
               | But we stick to the essentials, utilize different stores
               | for the lowest prices we can get, and don't purchase
               | nonsense.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Would you agree that large uncertainties can bring into
               | question the validity of a model?
               | 
               | Ie "averages" with large variances are not often very
               | informative
        
               | etchalon wrote:
               | I agree that the very term "averages" implies "an
               | average".
        
             | lp4v4n wrote:
             | The yearly cost of food for one person without children in
             | the county of Los Angeles(I selected an expensive area on
             | purpose) is showing 4,428 USD. That's about 12 dollars a
             | day. I don't even live in the United States but that value
             | looks pretty low if anything.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | That's pretty surprising, honestly, because there are
               | other areas considered much lower COL that are within
               | spitting distance of that value.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I can easily cook all my meals for $12/day.
               | 
               | I don't consider daily or even weekly restaurants part of
               | a necessity for life.
        
               | lp4v4n wrote:
               | People have commutes and work shifts that don't always
               | allow them to buy food in bulk and cook their own food.
               | 
               | Not everybody is like you.
               | 
               | Restaurants have never been a necessity for life, but I
               | guess that for a lot of people you should be upper class
               | to eat out once a week.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | Anecdotally, I can easily eat for $12/day even in
               | Seattle. There are days when I probably spend half of
               | that. We aren't talking beans and rice here, these are
               | diverse satisfying meals. It does require you to cook
               | though.
        
           | blobbers wrote:
           | Is a family of 4 in a 2BR considered living wage? Because
           | they have rent at $3600 for a family in silicon valley...
           | which seems impossible. I paid more than that when I
           | graduated from college with a roommate 20 years ago.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | That's what I think when I hear the term, too. But these
           | numbers are not just living, but living at a pretty high
           | standard.
           | 
           | I would expect living wage to mean the amount one needs to be
           | able to live out your life fairly decently and with dignity.
           | I think many do so without having pay this high.
        
         | SLWW wrote:
         | I do think it's a crack up how when I check my own "living
         | wage" i still under-perform in comparison to the chart, but in
         | my county i'm within the top 15%.
         | 
         | Needless to say; only old people have homes and only those who
         | have sufficient help get a nice appt.
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | Why should we accept that rather than our own standards? If
           | we take your tack on this then we shouldn't try to make
           | anything better for anyone, just live with what we've got and
           | accept whatever lot we find ourselves in.
        
         | jrajav wrote:
         | > This is more like "optimal wage to live alone in my own
         | apartment with a car." Which of course, people would like to
         | have but certainly isn't required to be comfortable.
         | 
         | This is a debatable goalpost. It seems more reasonable to me to
         | assume that meeting basic shelter needs includes having a
         | private room to oneself. The only reason to argue otherwise is
         | to try to drive down the wage further, and is that at all
         | necessary? Renting a private room was possible on nearly any
         | wage 50 years ago, and the only reason it seems out of reach
         | for many now is because purchasing power has been slowly
         | stagnating for decades, while housing costs have soared in
         | recent times. Yet this whole time, GDP continues to rise. It
         | seems that our society can easily support much higher minimum
         | wages (and this would likely have only a positive effect of
         | stimulating the economy), but simply chooses not to.
        
           | losvedir wrote:
           | Having a private room is not the same as living alone (having
           | a private apartment/house).
           | 
           | I think it's reasonable for young people to have flatmates
           | and share an apartment, for example.
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | Is it reasonable for two people who are dating to have to
             | keep their shared apartment when they break up? What should
             | happen if a roommate becomes flaky or moves out?
             | 
             | These are all real situations that make me think that
             | pinning "living wage" to a level where you have to have
             | roommates is not a good goal. You're basically asking
             | people to survive by accepting unstable living conditions
             | and potentially taking strangers into their homes, which
             | isn't exactly "having your needs met."
        
             | still-learning wrote:
             | Its reasonable, but as we've advanced humanity in so many
             | other fields (medical, technical, agricultural) why
             | shouldn't the base standard of living also be increasing.
        
               | SideQuark wrote:
               | The base standard of living has increased throughout
               | pretty much all of humanity over the past 50 years, and
               | through huge parts of humanity over even 20 years.
               | 
               | Theres also lots more people, and as more people consume
               | more resources it does not follow that better technology
               | in some field will translate to increased every aspect of
               | life.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I agree with the sentiment, but the premise of capitalism
               | is that those advances also become cheaper due to market
               | efficiencies. In other words, people should be able to
               | have a higher quality of life for relatively lower cost.
               | If/where that actually occurs is a whole different
               | discussion.
        
             | bradlys wrote:
             | A living wage shouldn't be based upon what wages a student
             | could be comfortably living on for a couple years before
             | they get their $500k/yr new grad quant job. It should be
             | based upon what people could live on comfortably
             | indefinitely.
             | 
             | It's not "student wage". It's not "struggling young person"
             | wage. It's "living" wage. It's for living - at any age.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Does this then imply some jobs are not intended to supply
               | a living wage?
               | 
               | Eg does that quants internship get a lower pay because
               | they are expected to graduate beyond it? If so, how do we
               | define what jobs are stepping stones and which are long-
               | term careers?
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | I think all full time jobs should at a minimum pay a true
               | living wage where one can live comfortably, save for
               | emergencies, etc. If the job cannot pay that then it
               | shouldn't exist.
               | 
               | There are many ways to accomplish this beyond simply
               | raising wages. Better government programs, lower the cost
               | of housing/medical/transportation/food/etc. (these are
               | surprisingly simple but many vested interests don't want
               | this to happen), better retirement programs, etc. etc.
               | etc. You see more of this in more socially democratic
               | countries.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | The issue of "which jobs should exist" should be left to
               | the market only. If typical low-end jobs throughout the
               | country pay wages that do not guarantee a minimum living
               | income, the government should simply make up the
               | difference for everyone in a fair way (subject to
               | clawback rates as earned income increases, in order to
               | keep the overall arrangement viable).
               | 
               | (Lowering the cost of essential goods and services is
               | also something that can be done by leveraging the open
               | market. It doesn't take yet another wasteful government
               | program, which is the typical approach in socialist and
               | social-democrat countries.)
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I'm not against that idea but there are some knock-on
               | effects we should be careful of. For example, it will
               | make it hard for younger people to get a job. If I have
               | to pay a teenager the same as someone with a decade or
               | more of work experience, that teenager probably won't get
               | a job.
               | 
               | With a lot of these discussions, we need to be careful
               | about the seductively simple solutions.
        
             | digiown wrote:
             | A minimum wage should not necessarily afford you a median
             | home, that's why it's called a minimum. But for a
             | functional developed nation I argue it should afford you a
             | private room or a very small apartment. Ideally the cost
             | between the two wouldn't be that different, but due to
             | decades of building restrictions the latter does not really
             | exist. This isn't true in Japan for example, where you can
             | find arbitrarily small apartments at correspondingly low
             | prices.
             | 
             | A living wage is for living indefinitely, not just
             | surviving. That should afford more comforts like a
             | reasonable amount of space, a car if needed, and saving for
             | retirement or emergencies.
        
             | monsieurbanana wrote:
             | Any adult with a full-time job should be able to afford a
             | studio or small apartment. Probably making concessions on
             | the location depending on where they want to live. It's not
             | a matter of being young or not
        
               | SideQuark wrote:
               | In the US, this is trivial to do. Theres plenty of states
               | where unskilled entry lever wages easily allows this
               | life, for most of the locations, with the exception of
               | extremely high cost city centers.
               | 
               | Pick IL for example. Min wage $15, so $30k a year income
               | fulltime. Most every adult that's worked even a little
               | should be able to earn decently more than min, which is
               | for completely unskilled, new workers. Median il wage is
               | 66k.
               | 
               | Even at $30k, the rough 30% rule on housing is $750/mo.
               | At 66k it's over $1500/mo.
               | 
               | Dig through smaller cities, and you'll find apartments to
               | rent in either end of this range. This works in any
               | state.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Part of the issue is those smaller cities don't offer a
               | large supply of job opportunities. So people are often
               | not able to pick and choose their location.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | This is an underappreciated argument for basic
               | income/UBI: you need a lot less of it since its very
               | existence enables recipients to move to lower cost of
               | living locations.
               | 
               | (Which in turn opens up opportunities for others to move
               | in to the higher-cost places and boost their own
               | productivity.)
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | Historically it's reasonable for anybody to have roommates.
             | It's a modern scenario where having your own place is
             | supposed to be the standard.
             | 
             | Historically housing was much smaller. And people lived
             | with their families for a lot longer commonly. A lot less
             | was also spent on domestic appliances (not just washer &
             | dryers) and at-home entertainment (a lot less was spent on
             | entertainment in general).
        
             | matthewkayin wrote:
             | If a person is working 40 hours a week to contribute to
             | society, then they should be able to afford housing from
             | that society. If a person on minimum wage needs to have a
             | roommate to get by, then that means that their 40 hours a
             | week is not enough to afford their own shelter. Without
             | that roommate, the person goes without a home despite
             | having done their time for society. This is not reasonable.
             | 
             | If it is reasonable for a young person to have flatmates,
             | then that should be because they are a student or an artist
             | and are working only part-time while devoting the rest of
             | their time to their studies or their art.
             | 
             | But a person working full-time? Who may be a single mother
             | or father with a child to support? They should be able to
             | afford a place to live, without roommates.
        
               | wavefunction wrote:
               | I would only add that young people or anyone should be
               | able to afford to live alone as you say OR opt to live
               | with roommates to share expenses and save and build
               | wealth. It shouldn't be necessary for anyone working 40
               | hours a week to pool their resources with other people in
               | similar situations simply to survive.
        
           | ChadNauseam wrote:
           | > It seems more reasonable to me to assume that meeting basic
           | shelter needs includes having a private room to oneself
           | 
           | Why would that be reasonable? College students and young
           | adults usually have roommates. I don't feel it's inhumane.
           | 
           | > The only reason to argue otherwise is to try to drive down
           | the wage further
           | 
           | Another reason to argue otherwise is because you care about
           | the truth. Even if you and I agree on the ends, if you use
           | the means of exaggerating or stretching the truth to get
           | there, you are never on my side. Saying that you need to not
           | have roommates to live is an exaggeration.
           | 
           | > Renting a private room was possible on nearly any wage 50
           | years ago
           | 
           | You will never find any data to support that because it isn't
           | true. 50 years ago, flophouses were common. You would share a
           | bedroom room with others, with shared kitchen and bathroom
           | between multiple bedrooms. In college, I lived in a housing-
           | coop network where we slept two to a room. 50 years ago, they
           | slept 4 or 6 to a room in my exact house.
           | 
           | > and the only reason it seems out of reach for many now is
           | because purchasing power has been slowly stagnating for
           | decades, while housing costs have soared in recent times
           | 
           | This is true. But there is a very natural reason why. Look at
           | nearly any US city, and see how many more jobs there are in
           | that city than there were 50 years ago. Then look at how many
           | more homes there are in that city than there were 50 years
           | ago. You will see that the number of new jobs far exceeds the
           | number of new homes. The result is that wealthier people bid
           | up the housing, while poor people are forced to live outside
           | the city and commute. So why have no new houses been built?
           | It can't be helped by the fact that building new homes is
           | illegal. (e.g. buildings with 3 or more apartments are
           | illegal in 70% of san francisco.)
           | 
           | Please direct your anger in the right direction! It's not
           | generally the case that billionaires own thousands of homes,
           | hoarding them while the poor live on the street. It's more
           | often the case that the population has increased while the
           | number of homes in places people want to live has stayed the
           | same. The *only* solution is to increase the number of homes
           | in places people want to live. Raising the minimum wage,
           | taxing the rich, fighting corporations, adding rent control
           | laws, none of that will help solve the root of the problem,
           | the growth rate of homes in cities is far slower than the
           | rate of people wanting to live there!
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | > Renting a private room was possible on nearly any wage 50
           | years ago, and the only reason it seems out of reach for many
           | now is because purchasing power has been slowly stagnating
           | for decades
           | 
           | 50 years ago, in high cost of living areas, you could rent an
           | SRO, but now they're either banned or practically banned
           | because they're strongly disincentivized against. Combine
           | this with not building enough new housing and you get a
           | recipe for rent increases. Even if a minimum wage works as
           | intended, it can only subsidize demand, which would do
           | nothing when the bottleneck is the supply.
        
             | cozzyd wrote:
             | Yes the decline of the SRO (or boarding houses in general)
             | is a terrible thing. That said, a living wage should
             | probably afford more than that.
        
           | citizenpaul wrote:
           | > Renting a private room was possible on nearly any wage 50
           | years ago
           | 
           | I think others pointed this out but I don't think you can
           | find any data to prove this because its not true.
           | 
           | I'm not a historian but I have seen a number of old movies
           | and in those movies it was very common for the characters to
           | be some poor schlub with a full time job at the factory
           | living in some sort of group home/flophouse situation. Movies
           | tend to reflect stories that resonate with the public at the
           | time so I suspect that is because this was a common
           | situation. I'd much prefer a single roommate in an apartment
           | to a flophouse.
        
         | cwillu wrote:
         | You're confusing poverty with living.
        
           | bobro wrote:
           | Having a roommate and an annual transportation budget under
           | $9000 probably isn't the right demarcation line for poverty.
        
         | sdellis wrote:
         | Based on the data sources and the methodology, it looks about
         | as accurate as you could get. They link to their methodology
         | and technical documentation from that site. Even if some
         | resourceful young people you know can get by on less, in
         | general people should not have to live in abject poverty while
         | working a full time job -- I would consider that to be a "Dying
         | Wage".
        
         | cm2012 wrote:
         | Edit: Deleted for dumb math
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | > $130k per year needed ($28.50 per hour * 40 * 52).
           | 
           | What math are you doing to get $130k with those numbers? That
           | wage works out to around $60k/year.
        
           | cowthulhu wrote:
           | 28/hr is closer to 60k/yr.
           | 
           | 130k/yr is more like 65/hr.
        
           | NewJazz wrote:
           | Your 130k number is >2x what it should be. Recalculate.
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | Ultimately in all these calculators there has to be a threshold
         | that determines whether something is needed for "living" or
         | not. And that varies highly by the individual.
         | 
         | The calculator suggests $5,021 for food, but for me I'd only
         | shop at high-end grocery like Whole Foods and buy organics
         | whenever possible. That's clearly not enough. On the other hand
         | it suggests $1,792 for internet and mobile which is about
         | double what I actually pay and I have both unlimited mobile
         | data and unlimited home data. Then it claims medical costs of
         | $2,890. For a fit individual with good employer-provided health
         | insurance, that figure should be almost zero.
         | 
         | Ultimately the amount one spends for living depends very much
         | on one's preferences and these calculators are approximates. I
         | believe you when you say many young people can live for much
         | less, but that doesn't invalidate the calculator.
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | > Then it claims medical costs of $2,890. For a fit
           | individual with good employer-provided health insurance, that
           | figure should be almost zero.
           | 
           | No, it won't be almost zero because they're including health
           | insurance premiums in that figure. Few jobs in the US cover
           | 100% of the premiums for their employees.
           | 
           | >> The cost of health care is composed of two subcategories:
           | (1) premiums associated with employer-sponsored health
           | insurance plans and (2) out-of-pocket expenses for medical
           | services, drugs, and medical supplies.
        
           | groundzeros2015 wrote:
           | I think "I should be able to fully express my food brand
           | preferences" is not a reasonable standard of livable.
        
             | kccqzy wrote:
             | Food choices are highly personal. It's probably the single
             | most variable expense item here. Who are you decide for
             | someone else whether their food is reasonable enough or
             | not.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | Well I'm not the one to decide. That's why we let
               | individuals allocate money for themselves so they can
               | prioritize what they care about from their resource pool.
               | 
               | Because preferences for food, housing, and healthcare are
               | essentially unbounded, I think you will always have unmet
               | preferences.
        
             | upboundspiral wrote:
             | When the choice is between organic food (expensive) and
             | eating pesticides that are meant to kill and neuter living
             | organisms (somewhat economical) it's a choice we never
             | should have allowed to even exist in the first place.
        
               | bradyd wrote:
               | Organic food still uses pesticides.
        
               | groundzeros2015 wrote:
               | Sounds like you need to get the government's definition
               | of appropriate foods changed. And then come back to the
               | question of livability.
               | 
               | It must be more nuanced than you say, as millions of
               | people reach old age without sharing your concern.
        
         | unsupp0rted wrote:
         | They probably are overshooting, I agree. But then again the
         | "living wage" for a healthy person is a lot less than for a
         | not-quite healthy person or a sick person.
         | 
         | The average person is not-quite healthy, at best.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | Hard disagree on this. $26.50 sounds like a nightmare 10 years
         | ago, let alone now. There's a lot of places in the US where
         | having a car is essentially mandatory (actually, most places).
         | If you can't afford a car, that limits where you can live to
         | mostly urban areas, which then pushes the housing cost up.. and
         | by the way, housing costs are always going up, and no, you
         | won't be able to invest in a home, you've been priced out by
         | developers and speculators.
         | 
         | Not to mention you need to be able to save money for
         | unemployment and rainy days..
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | It's obviously not required based on the evidence of many
           | people who live and thrive without.
           | 
           | $9000/year is a ton more than just having a car.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | The average total cost of car ownership in the US in 2025
             | was about $12,000. $9,000 is already a huge underestimate
             | of what the average person is paying.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | That US average includes a lot of new, loaded, financed,
               | comprehensively insured F150's, not some reasonable
               | minimum.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | I lived in a blizzard ridden area using just a 250cc
               | motorcycle, year round, including riding it on the
               | interstate. Layer enough layers, use heated gloves, etc
               | you can easily get by with just a ninja 250, you're not
               | going to burn more than $3-4k a year on that no matter
               | hard you try.
               | 
               | You don't actually need a car unless you have a child or
               | a tradesmen with tools or something like that, a small
               | displacement motorcycle will still take you to 99.9% of
               | the jobs in the lower 48.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | _" You don't need money if you just do this recklessly
               | dangerous and uncomfortable thing."_
               | 
               | (don't worry about how to pay the ambulance bill when you
               | hit some black ice..)
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | I think you're ignoring how much poor people rely on each
             | other and relatives to get by. That's our societies "safety
             | net". That doesn't mean they're "thriving" or even
             | comfortable, nor is it even sustainable (what happens when
             | mom/pop die or require assistance and can't help their kids
             | anymore?).
             | 
             | 9000/yr for a car alone isn't crazy at all, just look at
             | average car prices. I just had to do my vehicle renewal
             | today and it was $500 for a 5 year old car that's not
             | particularly expensive! If I look at insurance and car
             | payments, I easily spend over 700 a month. This is on a 30k
             | car, so it's not like I went and bought the biggest luxury
             | vehicle possible.
        
         | pyrale wrote:
         | > This is more like "optimal wage to live alone in my own
         | apartment with a car."
         | 
         | An appartment and a car aren't exactly luxury goods. Cars are
         | often needed to work, and well, having a roof over your head is
         | usually required for a decent living.
         | 
         | Sure, if you fancy living in a cardboard box located next to
         | your work, your living standards are going to be much easier to
         | attain.
        
           | imperio59 wrote:
           | This is such a US centric take.
        
             | NewJazz wrote:
             | The website is US-specific, so....
        
             | tartuffe78 wrote:
             | It's a Living Wage Calculator for US States!
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | MIT is a school in the US.
        
               | cozzyd wrote:
               | where very few (relatively) people commute by car
        
             | irishcoffee wrote:
             | Dell me you didn't click the link without... ah fuck it who
             | cares, almost nobody around here does.
        
             | pyrale wrote:
             | Because the calculator is an US-only calculator.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | $700/month on car+gas+insurance is certainly pretty cushy.
           | This is a luxury for many people I know.
           | 
           | Their cost estimates are much higher than what's required to
           | live comfortably and save for a rainy day.
        
         | gs17 wrote:
         | > For example, transportation costs are $9000/year and housing
         | is $20000/year. These are both way more than is necessary.
         | 
         | Even on the smaller things. "Internet & Mobile" for where I am
         | jumped out to me. Based on the difference between 1 adult and 2
         | adults, it's $582 per person-year for mobile (which I guess
         | isn't far off if you get a good new phone every 2 years, it's
         | reasonable enough) and with that subtracted, internet is $100
         | per month. The methodology page says "County-level data on the
         | cost of internet comes from research on lowest-cost monthly
         | plans from BroadbandNow", but even that page shows much cheaper
         | options available (including the $70 per month Google Fiber I
         | have).
        
           | byronic wrote:
           | This depends a lot on where you live. In our area, the
           | minimum internet-only offering from Spectrum is $125
           | (approximately) after taxes/fees, and the only "competitor"
           | is AT&T, which is more expensive for (at least in our area)
           | worse / flakier service.
           | 
           | I was surprised (at least for Birmingham/AL/Jefferson County)
           | how accurately it pegged _most_ of the costs -- childcare
           | here is closer to $12k/annum/child so that one was the only
           | one I pegged as 'off' - they show 2 children as $16k and
           | that's a ~$8k underestimate
        
           | cozzyd wrote:
           | yeah, I spend $30/month on internet (the 100 Mbps Google
           | Fiber, since I realized I didn't really need 1 Gbps at home
           | now that I go into the office every day...)
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | I think I have great access. I pay $60/month for gig internet
           | and that's split with 4 people.
           | 
           | I spend $20/month for mobile and buy a new $500 phone every 3
           | years.
           | 
           | I make way more than a livable wage, but spend much less than
           | their projected costs.
        
           | brendoelfrendo wrote:
           | I am but a single datapoint, but the $100/month for home
           | internet hits quite close to home. I currently pay $130 for
           | Spectrum's gigabit cable internet plan. Their website offers
           | it for $70, but that's only for the first year; they have
           | raised that price by, apparently, $20 per year I've been a
           | customer. We do not have fiber and my only other ISP option
           | is a DSL provider that maxes out at 40mbps for $30. So sure,
           | I can save about 75% on my internet bill by opting for
           | internet that is 4% of the speed that I currently pay for.
           | And this is in a rapidly growing suburb. I think $100/month
           | is easily the case for places like my home, where local
           | broadband monopolies still exist mostly unchallenged.
        
         | RobotToaster wrote:
         | You're confusing staying alive with living
        
         | FrustratedMonky wrote:
         | "optimal wage to live alone in my own apartment with a car."
         | 
         | If you can't live alone with a car? Then what do you think you
         | are doing?
        
         | istillcantcode wrote:
         | I have found if you scroll all the way to the right, you get
         | the living wage with multiple roommates and bumming a ride to
         | work or waiting for the bus. My area most of the full-time
         | entry level fast food/Walmart/gas station jobs pay about a
         | dollar less than that number.
        
         | jltsiren wrote:
         | "Living wage" means what a household needs for a dignified
         | life, not just for bare subsistence.
         | 
         | If you need roommates because you can't afford an apartment on
         | your own, you are poor by definition. That's probably the most
         | universal definition of poverty that has ever existed. As long
         | as there have been houses, the baseline household has had a
         | housing unit of their own. Households that have to share
         | housing with others have always been characterized as unusually
         | poor, no matter the continent and the millennium.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | Not dignified. As you can live a dignified life for much
           | less.
           | 
           | Thus my point. I don't know what "livable wage" means with
           | these numbers so it's not very useful for discussion or
           | planning or measurement.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | > Households that have to share housing with others have
           | always been characterized as unusually poor, no matter the
           | continent and the millennium.
           | 
           | Historically speaking this is incredibly wrong.
           | 
           | Nearly every culture evolved from some sort of shared
           | communal longhouse to individual clan homes, to extended
           | family homes. The idea of individual private rooms actually
           | comes about explicitly from Manors in the late medieval ages.
           | We really didn't see widespread individual homes until the
           | industrial revolution. In places like the East, individual
           | rooms were an import from the West.
           | 
           | Even in rare places where there were individual family homes
           | (Ancient Egypt, for one). Privacy and individuality were just
           | not concepts. Through the 1800s, you might have literally
           | been sharing a bed with a stranger in a hotel.
           | 
           | There has also never, ever been a point in human history
           | where living without some sort of roommate was common. Even
           | in situations where you had lots of single workers, they
           | almost always lived in bunkhouses or SROs.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | Is a living wage there bare minimum to live or enough to live a
         | life?
         | 
         | I don't make a living wage for my region and while I can afford
         | food and a room to rent, I can't really live a decent life,
         | save for the future or invest in myself, I just barely get by
         | every paycheque to paycheque. Thanks
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | > Is a living wage there bare minimum to live or enough to
           | live a life?
           | 
           | More the former. A lot of the commenters here are missing
           | that detail. A living wage doesn't mean you can afford all
           | the nice things, it means you aren't starving and can cover
           | the needs for you and your family, but maybe not many wants.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > live on much less than this.
         | 
         | They do not actually live on less, they sacrifice their health
         | or well-being in order to meet the constraint.
         | 
         | I would argue the calculator grossly _underestimates_
         | necessities because most of these jobs are not doable in old
         | age, so you need to account for saving $1 for each $1 you make,
         | to support yourself while old. You also need an emergency fund,
         | because in the US you get billed $1000 for the most random shit
         | at the most random time.
         | 
         | I got billed $5000 randomly for an echodardiogram because
         | insurance didn't pay for it despite them saying they would. At
         | least I have $5K to spare, but considering that can happen,
         | that needs to be considered a basic necessity.
        
       | reactordev wrote:
       | Housing data is flawed. Even if you're single, no kids, you're
       | limited to what is available and 1 bedrooms in my state can't be
       | had for less than $1500/mo anywhere in the state. Yet this says
       | housing costs annually would be $12000. How? I think the data
       | this is based off of is super stale.
        
         | Exoristos wrote:
         | I never rented a 1-bedroom apartment until I was married. A
         | studio/efficiency is fine for singles, or even a room.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Studio/1bed are the same thing here. It's the same price,
           | same sqft.
        
         | trollbridge wrote:
         | It's basically out of date, since the housing market has
         | changed so rapidly.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | I'm guessing it uses the cost of a studio for a single person.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Which can't be had for less than $1500/mo here. Studio/1bed
           | are the same.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > Yet this says housing costs annually would be $12000. How?
         | 
         | Having roommates is extremely common.
         | 
         | There are also a lot of room-for-rent situations that don't
         | show up on the websites listing apartments. If you're tapped
         | into local networks of younger people there's always someone
         | with a room for rent or a group of friends looking for someone
         | to take over a room in a house they're renting together. Not
         | helpful for someone in their 50s moving to a new city, but for
         | young people living on a budget this is just how it works and
         | has for a long time.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Roommate listings are for $1000/mo. I still think it's
           | grossly under what a typical person would need.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | Read the second half of my comments: You're not going to
             | find these roommate situations on public websites. The
             | publicly listed ones are intentionally high.
        
       | skulk wrote:
       | For Phoenix[0] it shows $44 for 1 adult 1 child, but $42 for 2
       | adults 1 child with 1 adult working. Is this because of a child
       | tax credit or something?
       | 
       | [0]: https://livingwage.mit.edu/metros/38060
        
         | ahussain wrote:
         | I was wondering this too. I assume it's because child care
         | costs are lower when one parent isn't working(?)
        
         | lelandbatey wrote:
         | No, it's because their model puts dollar values on the labor
         | contributed by non-working adults w/r/t raising children. So in
         | that case, it could be that 1adult1child is slightly higher
         | because of the need to pay for childcare, while the
         | food/insurance/clothing etc of the additional adult in
         | 2adult1child is offset by the fact that the non-working adult
         | will conduct childcare and thus that expense goes away.
        
           | skulk wrote:
           | right. kind of obvious in hindsight.
        
           | matuszeg wrote:
           | But then why is the number higher for 2adult1child (1
           | working) when compared to 2adult1child(both working).
           | wouldn't child raising costs get added back in once both are
           | working?
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | There is something wrong with the transportation cost. I live in
       | a poor rural county, and it says the 0-child transportation cost
       | is $10k+. People's trucks here don't even cost that much, and
       | they don't drive far. I see it counts as 2 working adults, but
       | it's still grossly inflated.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | Are you factoring in fuel, repairs, maintenance,
         | registration/taxes, and insurance? As well as depreciation?
        
         | bumby wrote:
         | I questioned that too, but vehicle costs are based off surveyed
         | data. So if the average 2 adults have a car payment, insurance,
         | fuel, and repair costs, it's probably reflected in their data.
         | To me, that's different than saying "a reasonable mode of
         | reliable transportation"
        
           | nearbuy wrote:
           | I don't think it's appropriate to use the average vehicle
           | costs for the living wage. It overestimates how much people
           | on that wage spend on their vehicles.
           | 
           | For example, the average new-vehicle price in December 2025
           | was about $50,000. But people earning the living wage mostly
           | aren't buying that kind of car. They could buy a new car for
           | less than half that, or buy a used car. Or they may choose to
           | take public transit.
        
       | 0sdi wrote:
       | Someone is siphoning your value. It's quite obvious when you
       | track the productivity, or ask questions about how did your
       | great-grandpa survive at all without machines. Just stating the
       | obvious, don't mind me.
        
         | llmslave wrote:
         | Yeah I think people need to start asking the question, "Where
         | is the money going". Its not just inexistent, its literally
         | going somewhere other than your pocket.
        
           | dmd wrote:
           | They're not voting against their own self interest; they just
           | have different interests than you. Their primary interest and
           | goal is making sure their out-group is hurting, and that is
           | what they are voting for, regardless of that happens to them.
        
         | JamesBarney wrote:
         | They lived in a house or apt with a third the sqft/person that
         | was far more likely to catch fire and didn't have AC.
         | 
         | If they had a car they most likely shared it. It was far less
         | safe, didn't have AC, guzzled gas and polluted.
         | 
         | Never ate out and spent a third of earnings on cheap grocery
         | store staples.
         | 
         | College and healthcare was much cheaper, and they got a lot
         | less of it.
         | 
         | We're benefiting greatly from the increase in productivity. We
         | just view our great-grandfather luxuries as our necessities.
        
           | lp4v4n wrote:
           | >They lived in a house or apt with a third the sqft/person
           | that was far more likely to catch fire and didn't have AC.
           | 
           | But at least they could afford a house, right? I think a lot
           | of people would accept living in a house without AC and more
           | likely to catch fire. Is a house like that cheap today? No,
           | right? It's crazy expensive as well.
           | 
           | >If they had a car they most likely shared it. It was far
           | less safe, didn't have AC, guzzled gas and polluted.
           | 
           | Car technology in the past was worse, we know that. Cars were
           | more affordable though.
           | 
           | >Never ate out and spent a third of earnings on cheap grocery
           | store staples.
           | 
           | Like today then.
           | 
           | >We're benefiting greatly from the increase in productivity.
           | We just view our great-grandfather luxuries as our
           | necessities.
           | 
           | Young people are rotting at home unable to go ahead with
           | their lives because wages nowadays are not enough to pay for
           | a house and a family. Why do people try to deny this obvious
           | reality? Productivity didn't benefit everyone equally and
           | people in the past had more opportunities to build a life
           | inside a standard that was socially acceptable.
        
             | krackers wrote:
             | >more likely to catch fire
             | 
             | >Is a house like that cheap today? No, right? It's crazy
             | expensive as well.
             | 
             | I assume by catch fire GP means electrical wiring? Many
             | houses on market today are literally not remodeled since
             | the 1940s so retain that original wiring.
        
             | labcomputer wrote:
             | > Cars were more affordable though.
             | 
             | Eehhhh... I _really_ don 't think that's true.
             | 
             | First, adjusted for inflation, new car prices really aren't
             | that different than they were 10-30-50-70 years ago. You
             | have to compare like for like, no cheating comparing a
             | modern luxury car to Ford Pinto. For example the cheapest
             | car in 1970 cost about $2000, with no frills like a radio,
             | passenger wing mirror or floor matts. That's equivalent to
             | about $17000 today. A base Nissan Versa today starts at
             | $18000, yet includes power windows and an A/C.
             | 
             | Second, the maintenance requirements today are much, _much_
             | lower than in the past. There 's a whole list of expensive
             | stuff you just don't have to think about with modern cars
             | until long after those old cars would be at the junk yard
             | (chassis lube, spark plugs, spark plug wires, carb and
             | distributor, wheel bearings etc). That's a lot of labor you
             | don't pay for, to say nothing of the parts!
             | 
             | Third, despite being heavier, more convenient and safer,
             | modern cars have lower fuel consumption. Coming back to our
             | Pinto vs Versa example, the Versa gets at least 50% better
             | fuel economy.
             | 
             | Fourth, cars today just last longer. It used to be a minor
             | miracle when a wasn't rusted out after 10 years or the
             | engine still ran after 100k miles. Today, your car might be
             | still under warranty at that point.
             | 
             | > Why do people try to deny this obvious reality?
             | 
             | Because it is not at all obvious that that is, in fact,
             | reality. It doesn't help to complain about easily-
             | disprovable things like the affordability of cars.
        
           | cucumber3732842 wrote:
           | All you've done here is take the tired dishonest "kids these
           | days and their darn avocado toast and smartphones" trope and
           | used different goods/services to spin it in a way to appeal
           | to the median commentor on HN.
           | 
           | You're ignoring the gorilla in the room. Why can't one live
           | in a comparable manner today and bank the difference? Because
           | those things aren't available? Why aren't those things
           | available?
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > Why can't one live in a comparable manner today and bank
             | the difference?
             | 
             | You can do this. Just move to a sparsely populated area and
             | work remote. Rural and semi-rural areas are basically the
             | "poor", lower productivity areas within any given country,
             | if you can arbitrage the incomes difference via remote work
             | you stand to gain quite a bit.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | > You're ignoring the gorilla in the room. Why can't one
             | live in a comparable manner today and bank the difference?
             | 
             | For two reasons.
             | 
             | 1. They're illegal. You're not allowed to build a house to
             | 1936 climate, safety, and fire codes with un-licensed
             | labor. And boarding houses were effectively banned.
             | 
             | 2. Market. Most people would rather live in a smaller
             | apartment than 1936 style un-climate controlled death trap.
             | 
             | And the reasons are the same for cars. You legally can't
             | see a new version of a 1936 car, and even if you could most
             | people would rather drive an old civic.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | And that someone is mostly government, which is a growing and
         | increasingly wasteful fraction of GDP. We really need to start
         | reining in the national debt and government spending. Drain the
         | swamp.
        
           | _DeadFred_ wrote:
           | Reminder that the Republicans' policy has been to starve the
           | beast. That is push up government costs while passing huge
           | tax cuts (like the big beautiful bill Republicans just passed
           | that is greatly increasing the debt) in order to sabotage
           | government's ability to function, then blast from every
           | rooftop that we need to cut government.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starve_the_beast
           | 
           | "The very reason why we object to state ownership, that it
           | puts a stop to individual initiative and to the healthy
           | development of personal responsibility, is the reason why we
           | object to an unsupervised, unchecked monopolistic control in
           | private hands. We urge control and supervision by the nation
           | as an antidote to the movement for state socialism. Those who
           | advocate total lack of regulation, those who advocate
           | lawlessness in the business world, themselves give the
           | strongest impulse to what I believe would be the deadening
           | movement toward unadulterated state socialism."
           | 
           | --Theodore Roosevelt
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | No, it's rentiers. The government takes about a quarter but
           | the rentiers easily take 2 times as much in interest, monthly
           | fees, and other costs that I have to pay in perpetuity. You
           | just don't consider that because you think those people are
           | necessary for living a good life. In reality their purpose is
           | to extract as much money from you for as little work as
           | possible.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Yes, the rent is too damn high. The way to address that is
             | BUILDING MORE! Which is what YIMBY is all about.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | As long as collusion exists, I don't see this changing.
               | Manhattan is more expensive than it was a 100 years ago
               | but less people actually live there now. Not a little
               | less either - 700,000 people less. We've built way more
               | housing at the same time. And yes, people have more
               | square footage per person now but the housing doubled and
               | the population went down dramatically.
               | 
               | Rent is always going to go up there even if they build
               | more. Same in other places. As long as rent setting tools
               | exist to collude - we will see the rent not go down.
               | You're not gonna dump $100m in new buildings and not
               | maximize your return.
        
         | digiown wrote:
         | It's rent seeking, the antithesis of capitalism. It's always
         | been. Enabled by abuse of government power. And no, it's not a
         | partisan issue.
         | 
         | You see this pattern across the American economy. The boomers
         | locked in their house values by passing all the zoning
         | regulations to artificially restrict the supply of housing. AMA
         | artificially restricts the supply of doctors to increase their
         | wages. Accreditation pushed ever higher costs on universities
         | which increased costs, and the availability of loans basically
         | cut off the brake cable. And who do you think is really
         | benefitting from all the companies enshittifying everything and
         | pushing up costs? The billionaires and retirees of course. And
         | the young/working people are paying for it.
         | 
         | The solution for individuals is arbitrage. Remote work, get
         | healthcare abroad, and avoid college tuitions. The fact that
         | these things make sense at all shows how broken the markets
         | are.
        
       | bumby wrote:
       | Anecdotally, I found some of the costs like food and food to be
       | inflated.
       | 
       | When I looked at the methodology, some is based on consumer
       | surveys so it may be more reflective of over-consumption. In
       | other words, it prices in what people want or what they're used
       | to, not what they need. The counterpoint is that maybe some
       | wealthy countries should be pricing in a higher quality of life,
       | but the "living wage" then becomes a bit of a misnomer.
        
         | cwillu wrote:
         | Yes, that's what makes it a living wage instead of a poverty
         | wage, let alone a starvation wage.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | The larger point I'm making is the "living wage" may be built
           | on an idea that the assumed consumerist norm is ideal.
        
             | hackable_sand wrote:
             | Like food and shelter?
        
         | jandrewrogers wrote:
         | Anecdotally their numbers are significantly higher for my city
         | than what I actually spend in some categories. I am not frugal
         | by any stretch of the imagination, you would have to be pretty
         | careless and/or irresponsible to hit some of those numbers. On
         | the other hand, the living wage is below the actual minimum
         | wage in some cases.
         | 
         | If you look at US BLS and Federal Reserve studies on such
         | things, they make a distinctions between what people actually
         | spend on ordinary expenses and when people can no longer afford
         | those categories of expenses.
         | 
         | An interesting artifact is that incomes across the 15-40th
         | percentile range in the same city don't save much money but
         | still have enough money to pay for all ordinary expenses. That
         | is a wide range of incomes for people nominally spending their
         | entire income on the same things. What actually seems to happen
         | is that average people spend excess income on upgrading their
         | lifestyle until they hit the 40th percentile, at which point
         | the average person starts saving some of their additional
         | excess income.
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | I fell out of love with the living wage when the UK government
       | bumped minimum wage and _called it_ living wage. The government
       | kept on getting raked over the coals by charities who claimed
       | that people working minimum wage were in poverty and so our
       | govenrment bumped the minimum wage by a bit and then announced it
       | as  "This is the new NATIONAL LIVING WAGE". Which is just perfect
       | politics. You're the government, so you can just take a term.
       | Trump can brand the Gulf of America, and the UK Tories can just
       | redefine the living wage. Now those charities are stuffed because
       | any time they talk about a living wage everyone gets confused, it
       | cuts the legs out of the conversation.
       | 
       | The core of the problem is that you basically have to have
       | someone define what is an acceptable standard of living. Sharing
       | a flat? Nah, the MIT trained economist thinks that's for the
       | poverty people so _that_ is defined as below living wage. Walk to
       | work? No. You need atleast $10k a year on travel otherwise you
       | 're a bus wanker.
       | 
       | A huge amount of this is value judgements on what is an
       | acceptable standard of living from people who benefit from
       | immense privilege but will never experience the thing they're
       | studying.
        
       | rucury wrote:
       | Puerto Rico is always left out of these analyses. AFAIK we are
       | included in the same data sources (like dol.gov), so I'm always
       | disappointing to see the exclusion.
        
       | socalgal2 wrote:
       | I think I'm mis-understanding.
       | 
       | How is 1 adult + 3 children at $107.95 and 2 adults + 3 children
       | at $63.97
       | 
       | 5 people could require more money than 4. You could say in the
       | 2nd case it's $63.97x2 but that doesn't make any sense either
       | because the table also has 1 adult 0 children $29.31 and 2 adults
       | 0 children at $41.81. Clearly they are not doing 2x to that
       | $41.81 as it would be more than the $29.31 at 2x
       | 
       | Was this AI generated?
        
         | bitcurious wrote:
         | Child care.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | 1. This is not ai generated.
         | 
         | 2. Did you look in the costs breakdown? You'll probs find your
         | answers there.
         | 
         | 3. I am guessing having a spare adult to take care of 3
         | children instead of paying for childcare is probably the
         | difference.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | There are separate columns for 2 ADULTS (1 WORKING) and 2
         | ADULTS (BOTH WORKING). I think you are mixing up the two.
         | 
         | And the non-working adult is taking care of children, so
         | reducing childcare expenses.
        
           | socalgal2 wrote:
           | I am not mixing up the 2
           | 
           | First row, for https://livingwage.mit.edu/counties/06075
           | | 1 adult                                        | 2 adults
           | (1 working)                          |         | 0 Children |
           | 1 Child | 2 Children | 3 Children | 0 Children |1 Child | 2
           | Children | 3 Children |         | $29.31     | $61.37  |
           | $83.72     | $107.95    | $41.83     | $50.47 | $54.77     |
           | $63.97     |              1 adult + 0 children  = $29.31
           | 2 adults + 0 children = $41.83
           | 
           | The only way these numbers make sense if if you assume one
           | income. Then                   1 adult + 3 kids = $107.95
           | 2 adults + 3 kids = $63.97
           | 
           | Given the first example was one income, this 2nd one makes no
           | sense. 5 people cost more than 4. These numbers are wrong.
        
       | lacoolj wrote:
       | This is very cool to see all compiled and easily navigable.
       | 
       | The thing I want to see next would be the sister calculator: what
       | it would take for a business of X size employees, Y revenue, Z
       | other expenses, to increase wages to these standards.
       | 
       | This feels like it would help to close that gap. Give a business
       | owner a concrete path to take. Just saying something is broken
       | isn't going to get it fixed.
       | 
       | Just typing all this I think I have my weekend project lined up.
       | 
       | Thanks MIT!
        
       | bradlys wrote:
       | I'm going to base it off of the peninsula (San Mateo County) in
       | the Bay Area for a single person.
       | https://livingwage.mit.edu/counties/06081
       | 
       | By my estimations, it's not a great calculator. $2.5k/month for
       | all housing costs. I'm not saying it's not possible to find a
       | studio + utilities but that's not a fun place to live. No AC, no
       | insulation, built for a different climate which was 70 years ago,
       | laundromat or (hopefully) coin-op laundry in building, likely
       | near busy roads (101, el camino) or train tracks with no sound
       | insulation, still extremely car dependent (which is included in
       | this calculator - gas/electricity, taxes, and cars in CA are very
       | expensive), etc. Again, doable but competitive market and not a
       | fun one. You'd be guaranteed to NEVER own any property at that
       | income. Until we have some public housing utopia, I'd say
       | ownership should be accounted for in a living wage. Otherwise,
       | you're gonna get evicted when retirement hits.
       | 
       | Its calculation on taxes seems off to me as well.
       | https://smartasset.com/taxes/california-paycheck-calculator#...
       | Says $72308 in San Mateo, CA gives you $55793 - not $59791. You'd
       | have to make close to $80k/yr to get the amount they suggest to
       | live.
       | 
       | This calculator does not include retirement savings, emergency
       | saving, etc. It just assumes you'll comfortably live paycheck to
       | paycheck until you die and never save a dime. In our country, you
       | will not be getting $60k/yr post tax from social security. So,
       | this is a stupid calculator unless you plan to never retire or
       | never experience job loss (max payout is $450/week for
       | unemployment in CA), etc.
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | > This calculator does not include retirement savings,
         | emergency saving, etc. It just assumes you'll comfortably live
         | paycheck to paycheck until you die and never save a dime. In
         | our country, you will not be getting $60k/yr post tax from
         | social security. So, this is a stupid calculator unless you
         | plan to never retire or never experience job loss (max payout
         | is $450/week for unemployment in CA), etc.
         | 
         | It doesn't include those things because those aren't the things
         | that are covered by a "living wage". Living wage sounds like
         | something good, but it's literally just enough to cover what's
         | _needed_. Can you afford housing, childcare, medical care,
         | transportation for work, etc. It 's a low bar, not a good
         | target, for a society to try to hit. It means people at that
         | wage shouldn't be going hungry or without shelter, but they
         | won't necessarily be _thriving_.
        
           | bradlys wrote:
           | Right, and I think we shouldn't even be talking about a fake
           | ass "living" wage when it's so disconnected from what you
           | actually need to reliably "live" in these environments. I
           | don't know who comes up with these terms but it's terrible.
           | It may as well be called, "absolute minimum amount of money
           | to get by without anything ever bad happening or planning for
           | the future at all" wage.
        
       | cbdevidal wrote:
       | The problem with defining "living wage" is you must trust that
       | the person defining it has your best interests in mind, and is
       | calculating it while including _your_ needs.
       | 
       | For example, you don't want me to be the one to define "living
       | wage." I've been a prepper/bushcrafter for 20 years... the ACTUAL
       | "living wage" is _zero_. There are innumerable resources all
       | around you if you know how to find and use them.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | The older I get the more I realize how fraught the idea of a
       | "living wage" is.
       | 
       | Through mid life, your financial health is not as determined by
       | wages, but by your family/connections. Do you have access to a
       | grandmother who can babysit? A decent second-hand car? A good
       | roommate situation? Just look at the expense table - any one of
       | these things could be worth up to 20% of your income!
       | 
       | And you see that literally right here - are any of us actually
       | comfortable with the idea that the value of your labor should be
       | determined by your marriage status and number of children?
       | 
       | It's kind of telling that countries with "successful" minimum
       | wages either don't have one and just institutionalize collective
       | bargaining, or they do some fancy calculations that start with
       | prevailing median wages and welfare eligibility. The idea of
       | trying to get this number from the bottom up by building expenses
       | just doesn't seem very robust.
        
         | usui wrote:
         | It needs to be because the US has leaned further into
         | individualism relative to other countries. If society's golden
         | metric of success means being able to acquire all of these
         | luxuries or services purely through monetary means as
         | transactional individuals, don't be too surprised when the
         | expenses rack up.
        
           | thewillowcat wrote:
           | Just because the wider society encourages it, your family
           | doesn't have to lean into individualism, and many don't. We
           | got by when I was a kid with a lot of help from friends and
           | family, when I am absolutely sure we didn't have a living
           | wage under this definition.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Did you fairly compensate your friends and family members
             | for that "help"? Systematic reliance on wholly unpaid labor
             | is not exactly something to be proud of.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | Um, sometimes people help each other because they want
               | to, or because they understand that those less fortunate
               | than them need it, or because they understand that they
               | may need help someday and so it doesn't make sense to
               | make a big deal of "compensation" now. It's called
               | community, and I think it is something to be proud of.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | I think it also reflects a lense of US academia. It kind of
           | assumes a sanitized, formal, self-sufficient life, detached
           | from others - and then assumes anything other than that is an
           | aberration.
           | 
           | It's kind of like the physics joke about assuming a spherical
           | cow in a vacuum.
        
       | cozzyd wrote:
       | The cost of childcare seems way underestimated, at least for
       | young children.
       | 
       | It shows $13,641 for my metro (Chicago), but day care costs are
       | easily twice that. Obviously once kids are school-age this is
       | much lower (if going to public school), so maybe that's how you
       | get at this figure.
       | 
       | On the other hand the transportation costs are way overestimated
       | for non-car families (we spend less than $2k/year on local
       | transit for 2 adults and 1 child, obviously this doesn't include
       | airfare for vacations or whatnot). Maybe these are both an
       | artifact of too broad a catchment area (childcare is probably
       | cheaper in the 'burbs, but so likely are average transportation
       | costs).
        
       | siavosh wrote:
       | If you enter in a US city, another takeaway from the rendered
       | table is that U.S. living standards (measured economically)
       | continued to improve for some time after the 1970s despite weak
       | wage growth largely because *more households relied on two
       | earners instead of one*. While productivity kept rising, the
       | gains were increasingly captured at the top and not shared with
       | the workers. Of course that buffer is now long gone, but wages
       | haven't kept up.
        
       | pertique wrote:
       | Can anyone speak to the reliability of using metropolitan
       | statistical areas for something like this? Having lived across on
       | both sides of the tracks in a few, grouping them for something
       | like this seems like an interesting choice. One that I probably
       | wouldn't agree with, but I'm out of my depth
        
       | thewillowcat wrote:
       | This calculator says that the median household in my county is
       | not making a living wage, which is ridiculous on its face.
        
       | blobbers wrote:
       | How are they getting medical costs in San Mateo County so wrong.
       | 
       | $11,896 with 2 children? My Kaiser $14K deductible bronze plan
       | costs $2100 a month. That's more like $25K a year, and that's
       | before I use it... the only reason I have it is in case something
       | traumatic happens. This is the cheapest plan I can get on covered
       | california.
        
         | brendoelfrendo wrote:
         | I assume that's not an employer sponsored plan? You can read
         | the methodology for more, but their data is a mix of a) how
         | much people pay into employer-sponsored health insurance plans,
         | b) individual and small group insurance market information,
         | where available, and c) estimated out-of-pocket expenses not
         | covered by insurance. If you're buying a plan through a
         | marketplace, you are almost certainly going to come in well
         | above the median for your area.
        
       | twoodfin wrote:
       | This has been posted many times before, and AFAICT it's
       | fundamentally misleading, as it doesn't account for transfer
       | payments (refundable tax credits, food stamps, housing vouchers,
       | ACA subsidies, ...)
       | 
       | That artificially inflates the "wage level" needed for the
       | estimated living standard. It also makes the tax figures absurd.
       | No two-parent, two-kid household making $110K is paying 15% of
       | that net in taxes, subtracting deductions, credits and subsidies.
       | 
       | IOW, our "safety net" for middle-income parents could get 5X more
       | generous and this calculator would show the same results.
        
         | daveguy wrote:
         | A lot of the safety net also goes poof if you have the living
         | wage. So I'm not sure exactly how your argument works. Are you
         | saying the minimum wage should be under the poverty wage and
         | everyone with that wage should depend on safety nets as it is
         | now?
        
         | fuzzer371 wrote:
         | And yet... It doesn't! Stop posting arguments like this.
        
       | diebillionaires wrote:
       | seems jusssttt a touch low. like by half
        
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