[HN Gopher] The Waymo World Model
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Waymo World Model
        
       Author : xnx
       Score  : 589 points
       Date   : 2026-02-06 16:20 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (waymo.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (waymo.com)
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | > The Waymo World Model can convert those kinds of videos, or any
       | taken with a regular camera, into a multimodal simulation--
       | showing how the Waymo Driver would see that exact scene.
       | 
       | Subtle brag that Waymo could drive in camera-only mode if they
       | chose to. They've stated as much previously, but that doesn't
       | seem widely known.
        
         | bonsai_spool wrote:
         | I think I'm misunderstanding - they're converting video into
         | their representation which was bootstrapped with LIDAR, video
         | and other sensors. I feel you're alluding to Tesla, but Tesla
         | could never have this outcome since they never had a LIDAR
         | phase.
         | 
         | (edit - I'm referring to deployed Tesla vehicles, I don't know
         | what their research fleet comprises, but other commenters
         | explain that this fleet does collect LIDAR)
        
           | yakz wrote:
           | Tesla does collect LIDAR data (people have seen them doing
           | it, it's just not on all of the cars) and they do generate
           | depth maps from sensor data, but from the examples I've seen
           | it is much lower resolution than these Waymo examples.
        
             | justapassenger wrote:
             | Tesla does it to map the areas to come up with high def
             | maps for areas where their cars try to operate.
        
               | vardump wrote:
               | Tesla uses lidar to train their models to generate depth
               | data out of camera input. I don't think they have any
               | high definition maps.
        
           | smallmancontrov wrote:
           | They can and they do.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/LFh9GAzHg1c?t=872
           | 
           | They've also built it into a full neural simulator.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/LFh9GAzHg1c?t=1063
           | 
           | I think what we are seeing is that they both converged on the
           | correct approach, one of them decided to talk about it, and
           | it triggered disclosure all around since nobody wants to be
           | seen as lagging.
        
             | tfehring wrote:
             | I watched that video around both timestamps and didn't see
             | or hear any mention of LIDAR, only of video.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Exactly: they convert video into a world model
               | representation suitable for 3D exploration and simulation
               | without using LIDAR (except perhaps for scale
               | calibration).
        
               | tfehring wrote:
               | My mistake - I misinterpreted your comment, but after re-
               | reading more carefully, it's clear that the video
               | confirms exactly what you said.
        
             | IhateAI_3 wrote:
             | tesla is not impressive, I would never put my child in one
        
         | uejfiweun wrote:
         | I've always wondered... if Lidar + Cameras is always making the
         | right decision, you should theoretically be able to take the
         | output of the Lidar + Cameras model and use it as training data
         | for a Camera only model.
        
           | olex wrote:
           | That's exactly what Tesla is doing with their validation
           | vehicles, the ones with Lidar towers on top. They establish
           | the "ground truth" from Lidar and use that to train and/or
           | test the vision model. Presumably more "test", since they've
           | most often been seen in Robotaxi service expansion areas
           | shortly before fleet deployment.
        
             | bob_theslob646 wrote:
             | Is that exactly true though? Can you give a reference for
             | that?
        
               | olex wrote:
               | I don't have a specific source, no. I think it was
               | mentioned in one of their presentation a few years back,
               | that they use various techniques for "ground truth" for
               | vision training, among those was time series (depth
               | change over time should be continuous etc) and iirc also
               | "external" sources for depth data, like LiDAR. And their
               | validation cars equipped with LiDAR towers are definitely
               | being seen everywhere they are rolling out their Robotaxi
               | services.
        
               | senordevnyc wrote:
               | _are definitely being seen everywhere they are rolling
               | out their Robotaxi services_
               | 
               | So...nowhere?
        
           | __alexs wrote:
           | > you should theoretically be able to take the output of the
           | Lidar + Cameras model and use it as training data for a
           | Camera only model.
           | 
           | Why should you be able to do that exactly? Human vision is
           | frequently tricked by it's lack of depth data.
        
             | scarmig wrote:
             | "Exactly" is impossible: there are multiple Lidar samples
             | that would map to the same camera sample. But what training
             | would do is build a model that could infer the most likely
             | Lidar representation from a camera representation. There
             | would still be cases where the most likely Lidar for a
             | camera input isn't a useful/good representation of reality,
             | e.g. a scene with very high dynamic range.
        
           | etrautmann wrote:
           | Sure, but those models would never have online access to
           | information only provided in lidar data...
        
             | tfehring wrote:
             | No, but if you run a shadow or offline camera-only model in
             | parallel with a camera + LIDAR model, you can (1) measure
             | how much worse the camera-only model is so you can decide
             | when (if ever) it's safe enough to stop installing LIDAR,
             | and (2) look at the specific inputs for which the models
             | diverge and focus on improving the camera-only model in
             | those situations.
        
           | dbcurtis wrote:
           | No, I don't think that will be successful. Consider a day
           | where the temperature and humidity is just right to make tail
           | pipe exhaust form dense fog clouds. That will be opaque or
           | nearly so to a camera, transparent to a radar, and I would
           | assume something in between to a lidar. Multi-modal sensor
           | fusion is always going to be more reliable at classifying
           | some kinds of challenging scene segments. It doesn't take
           | long to imagine many other scenarios where fusing the returns
           | of multiple sensors is going to greatly increase
           | classification accuracy.
        
         | shihab wrote:
         | I think there are two steps here: converting video to sensor
         | data input, and using that sensor data to drive. Only the
         | second step will be handled by cars on road, first one is
         | purely for training.
        
         | ActorNightly wrote:
         | The purpose of lidar is to prove error correction when you need
         | it most in terms of camera accuracy loss.
         | 
         | Humans do this, just in the sense of depth perception with both
         | eyes.
        
           | dbt00 wrote:
           | (Always worth noting, human depth perception is not just
           | based on stereoscopic vision, but also with focal distance,
           | which is why so many people get simulator sickness from
           | stereoscopic 3d VR)
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | My understanding is that contextual clues are a big part of
             | it too. We see a the pitcher wind up and throw a baseball
             | as us more than we stereoscopically track its progress from
             | the mound to the plate.
             | 
             | More subtly, a lot of depth information comes from how big
             | we expect things to be, since everyday life is full of
             | things we intuitively know the sizes of, frames of
             | reference in the form of people, vehicles, furniture, etc .
             | This is why the forced perspective of theme park castles is
             | so effective-- our brains want to see those upper windows
             | as full sized, so we see the thing as 2-3x bigger than it
             | actually is. And in the other direction, a lot of buildings
             | in Las Vegas are further away than they look because hotels
             | like the Bellagio have large black boxes on them that group
             | a 2x2 block of the actual room windows.
        
             | kevindamm wrote:
             | Actually the reason people experience vection in VR is not
             | focal depth but the dissonance between what their eyes are
             | telling them and what their inner ear and tactile senses
             | are telling them.
             | 
             | It's possible they get headaches from the focal length
             | issues but that's different.
        
             | wolrah wrote:
             | > Always worth noting, human depth perception is not just
             | based on stereoscopic vision, but also with focal distance
             | 
             | Also subtle head and eye movements, which is something a
             | lot of people like to ignore when discussing camera-based
             | autonomy. Your eyes are always moving around which changes
             | the perspective and gives a much better view of depth as we
             | observe parallax effects. If you need a better view in a
             | given direction you can turn or move your head. Fixed
             | cameras mounted to a car's windshield can't do either of
             | those things, so you need many more of them at higher
             | resolutions to even come close to the amount of data the
             | human eye can gather.
        
             | CobrastanJorji wrote:
             | I keep wondering about the focal depth problem. It feels
             | potentially solvable, but I have no idea how. I keep
             | wondering if it could be as simple as a Magic Eye
             | Autostereogram sort of thing, but I don't think that's it.
             | 
             | There have been a few attempts at solving this, but I
             | assume that for some optical reason actual lenses need to
             | be adjusted and it can't just be a change in the image?
             | Meta had "Varifocal HMDs" being shown off for a bit, which
             | I think literally moved the screen back and forth. There
             | were a couple of "Multifocal" attempts with multiple
             | stacked displays, but that seemed crazy. Computer Generated
             | Holography sounded very promising, but I don't know if a
             | good one has ever been built. A startup called Creal
             | claimed to be able to use "digital light fields", which
             | basically project stuff right onto the retina, which sounds
             | kinda hogwashy to me but maybe it works?
        
           | SecretDreams wrote:
           | > Humans do this, just in the sense of depth perception with
           | both eyes.
           | 
           | Humans do this with vibes and instincts, not just depth
           | perception. When I can't see the lines on the road because
           | there's too much slow, I can still interpret where they would
           | be based on my familiarity with the roads and my implicit
           | knowledge of how roads work, e.g. We do similar things for
           | heavy rain or fog, although, sometimes those situations truly
           | necessitate pulling over or slowing down and turning on your
           | 4s - lidar might genuinely given an advantage there.
        
             | pookeh wrote:
             | That's the purpose of the neural networks
        
               | array_key_first wrote:
               | Yes and no - vibes and instincts isn't just thought, it's
               | real senses. Humans have a lot of senses; dozens of them.
               | Including balance, pain, sense of passage of time, and
               | body orientation. Not all of these senses are represented
               | in autonomous vehicles, and it's not really clear how the
               | brain mashes together all these senses to make decisions.
        
           | pants2 wrote:
           | Another way humans perceive depth is by moving our heads and
           | perceiving parallax.
        
           | menaerus wrote:
           | How expensive is their lidar system?
        
             | eptcyka wrote:
             | Less than the lives it saves.
        
             | hangonhn wrote:
             | Hesai has driven the cost into the $200 to 400 range now.
             | That said I don't know what they cost for the ones needed
             | for driving. Either way we've gone from thousands or tens
             | of thousands into the hundreds dollar range now.
        
               | bragr wrote:
               | Looking at prices, I think you are wrong and automotive
               | Lidar is still in the 4 to 5 figure range. HESAI might
               | ship Lidar units that cheap, but automotive grade still
               | seems quite expensive:
               | https://www.cratustech.com/shop/lidar/
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | Those are single unit prices. The AT128 for instance,
               | which is listed at $6250 there and widely used by several
               | Chinese car companies was around $900 per unit in high
               | volume and over time they lowered that to around $400.
               | 
               | The next generation of that, the ATX, is the one they
               | have said would be half that cost. According to regulator
               | filings in China BYD will be using this on entry level
               | $10k cars.
               | 
               | Hesai got the price down for their new generation by
               | several optimizations. They are using their own designs
               | for lasers, receivers, and driver chips which reduced
               | component counts and material costs. They have stepped up
               | production to 1.5 million units a year giving them mass
               | production efficiencies.
        
               | bragr wrote:
               | That model only has a 120 degree field of view so you'd
               | need 3-4 of them per car (plus others for blind spots,
               | they sell units for that too). That puts the total system
               | cost in the low thousands, not the 200 to 400 stated by
               | GP. I'm not saying it hasn't gotten cheaper or won't keep
               | getting cheaper, it just doesn't seem that cheap yet.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | Cheaper every year.
        
               | hijnksforall wrote:
               | Exactly.
               | 
               | Tesla told us their strategy was vertical integration and
               | scale to drive down all input costs in manufacturing
               | these vehicles...
               | 
               | ...oh, except lidar, that's going to be expensive
               | forever, for some reason?
        
             | jmux wrote:
             | Waymo does their LiDAR in-house, so unfortunately we don't
             | know the specs or the cost
        
               | nerdsniper wrote:
               | Otto and Uber and the CEO of https://pronto.ai do though
               | (tongue-in-cheek)
               | 
               | > Then, in December 2016, Waymo received evidence
               | suggesting that Otto and Uber were actually using Waymo's
               | trade secrets and patented LiDAR designs. On December 13,
               | Waymo received an email from one of its LiDAR-component
               | vendors. The email, which a Waymo employee was copied on,
               | was titled OTTO FILES and its recipients included an
               | email alias indicating that the thread was a discussion
               | among members of the vendor's "Uber" team. Attached to
               | the email was a machine drawing of what purported to be
               | an Otto circuit board (the "Replicated Board") that bore
               | a striking resemblance to - and shared several unique
               | characteristics with - Waymo's highly confidential
               | current-generation LiDAR circuit board, the design of
               | which had been downloaded by Mr. Levandowski before his
               | resignation.
               | 
               | The presiding judge, Alsup, said, "this is the biggest
               | trade secret crime I have ever seen. This was not small.
               | This was massive in scale."
               | 
               | (Pronto connection: Levandowski got pardoned by Trump and
               | is CEO of Pronto autonomous vehicles.)
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/02/waymo-
               | googles-se...
        
               | ra7 wrote:
               | We know Waymo reduced their LiDAR price from $75,000 to
               | ~$7500 back in 2017 when they started designing them in-
               | house: https://arstechnica.com/cars/2017/01/googles-
               | waymo-invests-i...
               | 
               | That was 2 generations of hardware ago (4th gen Chrysler
               | Pacificas). They are about to introduce 6th gen hardware.
               | It's a safe bet that it's much cheaper now, given how
               | mass produced LiDARs cost ~$200.
        
           | robotresearcher wrote:
           | Human depth perception uses stereo out to only about 2 or 3
           | meters, after which the distance between your eyes is not a
           | useful baseline. Beyond 3m we use context clues and depth
           | from motion when available.
        
             | aylons wrote:
             | Thanks, saved some work.
             | 
             | And I'll add that it in practice it is not even that much
             | unless you're doing some serious training, like a
             | professional athlete. For most tasks, the accurate depth
             | perception from this fades around the length of the arms.
        
             | cyanydeez wrote:
             | ok, but a care is a few meters wide, isn't that enough for
             | driving depth perception similar to humans
        
               | robotresearcher wrote:
               | The depths you are trying to estimate are to the other
               | cars, people, turnings, obstacles, etc. Could be 100m
               | away or more on the highway.
        
               | cyanydeez wrote:
               | ok, but the point trying to be made is based on human's
               | depth perception, but a car's basic limitation is the
               | width of the vehicle, so there's missing information if
               | you're trying to figure out if a car can use cameras to
               | do what human eyes/brains do.
        
         | mycall wrote:
         | That is still important for safety reasons in case someone uses
         | a LiDAR jamming system to try to force you into an accident.
        
           | Jyaif wrote:
           | If somebody wants to hurt you while you are traveling in a
           | car, there are simpler ways.
        
           | etrautmann wrote:
           | It's way easier to "jam" a camera with bright light than a
           | lidar, which uses both narrow band optical filters and pulsed
           | signals with filters to detect that temporal sequence. If I
           | were an adversary, going after cameras is way way easier.
        
             | sroussey wrote:
             | Oh yeah, point a q-beam at a Tesla at night, lol.
             | Blindness!
        
         | dooglius wrote:
         | They may be trying to suggest that, that claim does not follow
         | from the quoted statement.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | Autonomous cars need to be significantly better than humans to
         | be fully accepted especially when an accident does happen.
         | Hence limiting yourself to only cameras is futile.
        
       | OGEnthusiast wrote:
       | What's going to happen to all the millions of drivers who will
       | lose their job overnight? In a country with 100 million guns, are
       | we really sure we've thought this through?
        
         | 0x457 wrote:
         | Yes, let's stop all progress and roll-back all automation to
         | keep hypothetical angry people with guns happy.
        
           | Phenomenit wrote:
           | Seems like a good description on current events.
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | Autonomous private cars is not the technological progress you
           | think it is. We've had autonomous trains for decades, and
           | while it provides us with a more efficient and cost effective
           | public transit system, it didn't open the doors for the next
           | revolutionary technology.
           | 
           | Self driving cars is a dead end technology, that will
           | introduce a whole host of new problems which are already
           | solved with public transit, better urban planning, etc.
        
             | pnut wrote:
             | Nope. Humans are statistically fallible and their attention
             | is too valuable to be obliged to a mundane task like
             | executing navigation commands. Redesigning and rebuilding
             | city transportation infrastructure isn't happening, look
             | around. Also personal agency limits public transportation
             | as a solution.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Unlike autonomous driving, public transit is a proven
               | solution employed in thousands of cities around the
               | world, on various scales, economies, etc.
               | 
               | > Redesigning and rebuilding city transportation
               | infrastructure isn't happening, look around.
               | 
               | We have been redesigning and rebuilding city
               | transportation infrastructure since we had cities. Where
               | I live (Seattle) they are opening a new light rail bridge
               | crossing just next month (first rail over a floting
               | bridge; which is technologically very interesting), and
               | two new rail lines are being planned. In the 1960s the
               | Bay area completely revolutionized their transit sytem
               | when they opened BART.
               | 
               | I think you are simply wrong here.
        
               | tanseydavid wrote:
               | >> In the 1960s the Bay area completely revolutionized
               | their transit sytem when they opened BART.
               | 
               | 66 years later we see California struggling terribly with
               | implementation of a high-speed rail system -- where the
               | placement/location of the infrastructure largely is
               | targeted for areas far less dense than the Bay Area.
               | 
               | I don't think there is any single reason why this is so
               | much more difficult now then it was in 1960 -- but
               | clearly things have changed quite a lot in that time.
        
               | askl wrote:
               | > Redesigning and rebuilding city transportation
               | infrastructure isn't happening, look around.
               | 
               | The US already did it once (just in the wrong direction)
               | by redesigning all cities to be unfriendly to humans and
               | only navigable by cars. It should be technically possible
               | to revert that mistake.
        
             | sekai wrote:
             | > We've had autonomous trains for decades
             | 
             | Trains need tracks, cars - already have the infrastructure
             | to drive on.
             | 
             | > Self driving cars is a dead end technology, that will
             | introduce a whole host of new problems which are already
             | solved with public transit, better urban planning, etc.
             | 
             | Self driving cars will literally become a part of public
             | transit
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | > Self driving cars will literally become a part of
               | public transit
               | 
               | I've been hearing people say that for almost 15 years
               | now. I believe it when I see it.
        
               | tanseydavid wrote:
               | >> I believe it when I see it.
               | 
               | I'm willing to wager that you might not actually believe
               | it at that point either.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | > Self driving cars is a dead end technology
             | 
             | I would be happy to bet on some strict definition of your
             | claim.
        
             | drewmate wrote:
             | Unfortunately, many of our urban areas have already been
             | planned (for better or worse) for cars and not the density
             | that makes public transit viable. Autonomous cars will
             | solve a host of problems for the old, young, mobility
             | limited, and just about everyone else.
             | 
             | It will prove disruptive to the driving industry, but I
             | think we've been through worse disruptions and fared the
             | better for it.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | If Waymo's history is any guide, it's not going to happen
         | overnight. Even in San Francisco, their market share is only
         | 20-30%.
        
         | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
         | Those are rookie numbers. The US has 400 million guns.
         | https://www.theglobalstatistics.com/united-states-gun-owners...
         | 
         | As to the revolt, America doesn't do that any more. Years of
         | education have removed both the vim and vigor of our souls.
         | People will complain. They will do a TikTok dance as protest.
         | Some will go into the streets. No meaningful uprising will
         | occur.
         | 
         | The poor and the affected will be told to go to the trades.
         | That's the new learn to program. Our tech overlords will have
         | their media tell us that everything is ok (packaging it
         | appropriately for the specific side of the aisle).
         | 
         | Ultimately the US will go down hill to become a Belgium. Not
         | terrible, but not a world dominating, hand cutting entity it
         | once was.
        
           | markvdb wrote:
           | > Ultimately the US will go down hill to become a Belgium.
           | 
           | Sharing one's opinion in a respectful way is possible. Less
           | spectacle, so less eyeballs, but worth it. Try it.
        
             | nubg wrote:
             | What's wrong with his comparison? He explained what he
             | meant by "a Belgium".
        
               | tanseydavid wrote:
               | The entire side topic of guns and revolt seems misplaced
               | in this thread.
               | 
               | The original Luddite movement arose in response to
               | automation in the textile industry.
               | 
               | They committed violence. Violence was committed against
               | them. All tragic events when viewed from a certain
               | perspective.
               | 
               | My rhetorical question is this: did any of this result in
               | any meaningful impedance of the "march of technological
               | progress"?
        
           | bonsai_spool wrote:
           | > Ultimately the US will go down hill to become a Belgium.
           | 
           | I'm curious why you say this given you start by highlighting
           | several characteristics that are not like Belgium (to wit,
           | poor education, political media capture, effective
           | oligarchy). I feel there are several other nations that may
           | be better comparators, just want to understand your
           | selection.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Waymo has been operating since 2004 (22 years ago), and
         | replacing drivers on the road will take many more decades.
         | Nothing is happening "overnight".
        
         | lanthissa wrote:
         | same thing that happened during the industrial revolution, you
         | pay enough of them to 'protect the law' vs the rest.
        
         | sigspec wrote:
         | UBI or war, or both
        
         | VirusNewbie wrote:
         | I don't think Uber goes out of business. There is probably a
         | sweet spot for Waymo's steady state cars, and you STILL might
         | want 'surge' capabilities for part time workers who can
         | repurpose their cars to make a little extra money here and
         | there.
        
         | sekai wrote:
         | > What's going to happen to all the millions of drivers who
         | will lose their job overnight? In a country with 100 million
         | guns, are we really sure we've thought this through?
         | 
         | Same was said about electricity, or the internet.
        
           | password54321 wrote:
           | People keep referencing history but this really is
           | unprecedented. We are approaching singularity and many people
           | will become obsolete in all areas. There are no new
           | hypothetical jobs waiting on the horizon.
        
         | sroussey wrote:
         | Reminds me of the history or radio and the absolute uproar that
         | someone played a record on the radio rather than live
         | performances!!
        
       | add-sub-mul-div wrote:
       | "Autonomous"
       | 
       | https://cybernews.com/news/waymo-overseas-human-agents-robot...
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | My understanding is that support is basically playing an RTS
         | (point and click), not a 1P driving game. Which makes sense, if
         | they were directly controlling the vehicles they'd put support
         | in central America for better latency, like the food delivery
         | bot drivers
        
           | jonas21 wrote:
           | Yeah. Waymo described how this works a couple of years ago:
           | 
           | https://waymo.com/blog/2024/05/fleet-response/
        
             | turtlesdown11 wrote:
             | Right, I totally believe Waymo, just like I totally
             | believed Amazon's checkout-less stores.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | This isn't news, they've always acknowledged that they have
         | remote navigators that tell the cars what to do when they get
         | stuck or confused. It's just that they don't directly drive the
         | car.
        
       | mgaunard wrote:
       | Still needs to be trained on the final boss: dense cities with
       | narrow streets.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | What would be an example city? Waymo just announced they're
         | ramping up in Boston: https://waymo.com/blog/?modal=short-back-
         | to-boston
         | 
         | "we're excited to continue effectively adapting to Boston's
         | cobblestones, narrow alleyways, roundabouts and turnpikes."
        
           | ginko wrote:
           | Not grandparent but I was rather thinking of medieval city
           | centers in Italy or Spain.
           | 
           | edit: Case in point:
           | 
           | https://maps.app.goo.gl/xxYQWHrzSMES8HPL8
           | 
           | This is an alley in Coimbra, Portugal. A couple years ago I
           | stayed at a hotel in this very street and took a cab from the
           | train station. The driver could have stopped in the praca
           | below and told me to walk 15m up. Instead the guy went all
           | the way up then curved through 5-10 alleys like that to drop
           | me off right right in front of my place. At a significant
           | speed as well. It was one of the craziest car rides I've ever
           | experienced.
        
             | stackedinserter wrote:
             | Do we really need FSD cars (any cars, actually) in medieval
             | city centers?
        
           | pants2 wrote:
           | Any small city in Italy is going to be 10X more challenging
           | than Boston
        
             | threetonesun wrote:
             | Depends, which is harder: a narrow street or a three lane
             | one with no obvious lane markers with people double
             | parking?
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | and the failure mode for some of them are steep drops off
             | of cliffs
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | the absolute chaos of Paris would also be challenging.
        
           | zhengyi13 wrote:
           | Various European cities come to mind: Narrow streets are
           | something of a trope in certain movies/genres.
        
             | jkaptur wrote:
             | To be fair, many of those films do not portray human
             | drivers in the best light.
        
         | reluctant_dev wrote:
         | San Francisco isn't uniformly dense and narrow, but it does
         | have both, and it's run remarkably well so far.
        
           | elliotec wrote:
           | Another comment mentioned the Philippines as the manifest
           | frontier. SF is not on the same plane of reality in terms of
           | density or narrow streets as PH, I would argue in comparison
           | it does not have both.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | On that specific count, not really. There's a skate park
           | north end of the Mission, and Stevenson St is a two way road
           | that borders it, but it's narrow enough that you need to
           | drive up on the curb to get two vehicles side by side on the
           | street. Waymo's can't handle that on a regular basis. Being
           | San Francisco and not London, you can just skip that road,
           | but if you find yourself in a Waymo on that street and are
           | unlucky to have other traffic on it, the Waymo will just have
           | to back up the entire street. Hope there's no one behind you
           | as well as in front of you!
           | 
           | Anyway, we'll see how the London rollout goes, but I get the
           | impression London's got a lot more of those kinds of roads.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > Stevenson St is a two way road
             | 
             | That is extremely narrow, I wonder why the city has not
             | designated it as a one-way street? They've done that for
             | other similarly narrow sections of the same street farther
             | north.
        
           | smallmancontrov wrote:
           | This is the craziest I've seen, but it was 10 months ago
           | which is ~10 years in AI years
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DWz1TD-VZg
        
         | breckinloggins wrote:
         | I live in such an area. The route to my house involves steep
         | topography via small windy streets that are very narrow and
         | effectively one-way due to parked cars.
         | 
         | Human drivers routinely do worse than Waymo, which I take 2 or
         | 3 times a week. Is it perfect? No. Does it handle the situation
         | better than most Lyft or Uber drivers? Yes.
         | 
         | As a bonus: unlike some of those drivers the Waymo doesn't get
         | palpably angry at me for driving the route.
        
         | dandaka wrote:
         | Yes, something like Ho Chi Minh or Mumbai in a peak hour! With
         | lots of bike riders, pedestrians, and livestock at the same
         | roundabout.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Napoli
        
         | pja wrote:
         | Waymo cars are driving around London right now.
         | 
         | Not taking paying passengers yet though!
        
         | throwaway_20357 wrote:
         | Like London? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvctCbVEvwQ
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Does it, though? Maybe Dhaka will never get Waymo. The same way
         | you can't get advanced gene therapy there.
        
         | kylehotchkiss wrote:
         | Old Delhi is the the final boss.
        
         | chpatrick wrote:
         | They're being trialled in London right now.
        
       | NullHypothesist wrote:
       | I wonder if they can simulate the Beatles crossing the street at
       | Abbey Road in the late '60s
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | As a Londoner who used to have to ride up Abbey Road at least
         | once per week there are people on that crossing pretty much all
         | day every day reproducing that picture. So now Waymo are in
         | Beta in London[1] they have only to drive up there and they'll
         | get plenty of footage they could use for taht.
         | 
         | [1] I've seen a couple of them but they're not available to
         | hire yet and are still very rare.
        
           | permenant wrote:
           | Will Google finally fund Christopher Wren's post great fire
           | "wide streets" rebuild of the City?
        
             | ddalex wrote:
             | i think we might need aother great fire to widen the
             | streets at this point
        
       | devmor wrote:
       | Wow, interesting timing for this PR blast considering the
       | admission in the Senate Commerce Committee hearing. Not
       | transparent at all!
        
         | WarmWash wrote:
         | What was the admission? That they use cheap labor to provide
         | the waymo clarity when it is confused? That has been known for
         | a long time.
        
       | ra7 wrote:
       | The novel aspect here seems to be 3D LiDAR output from 2D video
       | using post-training. As far as I'm aware, no other video world
       | models can do this.
       | 
       | IMO, access to DeepMind and Google infra is a hugely understated
       | advantage Waymo has that no other competitor can replicate.
        
         | codexb wrote:
         | 3d from moving 2d images has been a thing for decades.
        
           | ra7 wrote:
           | This is 3D _LiDAR_ output (multimodal) from 2D images.
        
             | promiseofbeans wrote:
             | LiDAR is the technology used to do spatial capture. The
             | output is just point clouds of surfaces. So they're
             | generating surface point clouds from video
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | It's not unheard of, there are a handful [0] of metric
         | monodepth methods that output data that's not unlike a really
         | inaccurate 3D lidar, though theirs certainly looks SOTA.
         | 
         | [0] https://github.com/YvanYin/Metric3D
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Imagine driving in a Waymo 'out of a raging fire'.
       | 
       | Talk about edge cases.
       | 
       | But, what would you do? Trust the Waymo, or get out (or never get
       | in) at the first sign of trouble?
        
         | breckinloggins wrote:
         | Interesting question. If the Waymo was driving aggressively to
         | remove us from the situation but relatively safely I might stay
         | in it.
         | 
         | This does bring up something, though: Waymo has a "pull over"
         | feature, but it's hidden behind a couple of touch screen
         | actions involving small virtual buttons and it does not pull
         | over immediately. Instead, it "finds a spot to pull over". I
         | would very much like a big red STOP IMMEDIATELY button in these
         | vehicles.
        
           | tensor wrote:
           | Can you not just unlock and open the door? Wouldn't that
           | cause it to immediately stop? Or can you not unlock the door
           | manually? I'd be surprised if there was not an emergency door
           | release.
        
           | bragr wrote:
           | >it's hidden behind a couple of touch screen actions
           | involving small virtual buttons and it does not pull over
           | immediately
           | 
           | It was on the home screen when I've taken it, and when I
           | tested it, it seemed to pull to the first safe place. I don't
           | trust the general pubic with a stop button.
        
           | phainopepla2 wrote:
           | Imagine how many drunk/careless passengers might press it.
           | Stopping in the middle of the street or highway could be a
           | serious safety hazard.
        
           | arctic-true wrote:
           | I feel like this ends with drunk morons accidentally creating
           | Waymo barricades and totally ruining Mardi Gras
        
         | kylehotchkiss wrote:
         | I can! If the Waymo got you into one on the way home because
         | Google didn't integrate with watch duty yet, that's plausible
        
       | jimt1234 wrote:
       | This might be relevant to the timing here: https://eletric-
       | vehicles.com/waymo/waymo-exec-admits-remote-...
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | Seems interesting, but why is it broken. Waymo repeatedly
       | directed multiple automated vehicles into the private alley off
       | of 5th near Brannan in SF even after being told none of them have
       | any business there ever, period. If they can sense the weather
       | and stuff then maybe they could put out a virtual sign or fence
       | that notes what appears to be a road is neither a through way nor
       | open to the public? I'm really bullish on automated driving long
       | term, but now that vehicles are present for real we need to start
       | to think about potentially getting serious about finding some way
       | to get them to comply with the same laws that limit what people
       | can do.
        
         | tanseydavid wrote:
         | >> get them to comply with the same laws that limit what people
         | can do
         | 
         | I think you meant, "Attempt" to limit what people can do.
         | 
         | Driving in SF (for example) provides many opportunities to see
         | "free will" exerted in the most extreme ways -- laws be damned.
        
       | turtlesdown11 wrote:
       | How many Filipinos, who do not have US drivers licenses, does it
       | take to drive this new model?
        
       | mellosouls wrote:
       | Deepmind's Project Genie under the hood (pun intended). Deepmind
       | & Waymo both Alphabet(Google) subsidiaries obv.
       | 
       | https://deepmind.google/blog/genie-3-a-new-frontier-for-worl...
       | 
       | Discussed here,eg.
       | 
       |  _Genie 3: A new frontier for world models (1510 points, 497
       | comments)_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44798166
       | 
       |  _Project Genie: Experimenting with infinite, interactive worlds
       | (673 points, 371 comments)_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46812933
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Regardless of the corporate structure DeepMind is a lot more
         | than just another Alphabet subsidiary at this point considering
         | Demis Hassabis is leading all of Google AI.
        
       | Kapura wrote:
       | Interesting that this should come out right as lawmakers are
       | beginning to understand that Waymos have overseas operators
       | making major decisions.
       | 
       | [*] https://futurism.com/advanced-transport/waymos-controlled-
       | wo...
        
         | thethimble wrote:
         | Why is this relevant at all?
         | 
         | Having humans in the loop at some level is necessary for
         | handling rare edge cases safely.
        
           | mrcwinn wrote:
           | If that's true the system isn't finished. That's what
           | reasoning is for.
        
             | sroussey wrote:
             | Who ever said they were finished? You think the laid off
             | the team since everything is "done"?
        
           | AlotOfReading wrote:
           | The word "loop" here has multiple meanings. Only one is what
           | you mean and the other person responding to you has
           | understood another.
           | 
           | The first is the DDT control loop, what a human driver does.
           | Waymo's remote assistants aren't involved in that. The
           | computer always has responsibility for the safety of the
           | vehicle and decisionmaking while operating, which is why
           | Waymo's humans are remote _assistants_ and not remote
           | _drivers_. Their safety drivers _do_ participate in the DDT
           | loop, hence the name.
           | 
           | But there's also another "loop" of human involvement.
           | Sometimes the vehicle doesn't understand the scene and asks
           | humans for advice about the appropriate action to take. It's
           | vaguely similar to captchas. The human will usually confirm
           | the computer's proposed actions, but they can also suggest
           | different actions. The computer the advice as a prior to
           | continue operating instead of giving up the DDT
           | responsibility. There's very likely a closely monitored SLA
           | between a few seconds to a few minutes on how long it takes
           | humans to start looking at the scene.
           | 
           | If something causes the computer to believe the advice isn't
           | safe, it will ignore it. There have been cases where Waymos
           | have erroneously detected collisions and remote assistants
           | were unable to override that decisionmaking. When that
           | happens, a vehicle recovery team is physically sent out to
           | the location. The SLA here is likely between tens of minutes
           | and a couple hours.
        
         | FL33TW00D wrote:
         | Completely false: https://x.com/i/status/2019213765506670738
         | 
         | Listen to the statement.
         | 
         | The operators help when the Waymo is in a "difficult
         | situation".
         | 
         | Car drives itself 99% of the time, long tail of issues not yet
         | fixed have a human intervene.
         | 
         | Everyone is making out like it's an RC car, completely false.
        
           | ChadNauseam wrote:
           | Whenever something like this comes out, it's a good moment to
           | find people with no critical thinking skills who can safely
           | be ignored. Driving a waymo like an RC car from the
           | philippines? you can barely talk over zoom with someone in
           | the philippines without bitrate and lag issues.
        
             | hijnksforall wrote:
             | Hacker News has had some of the dumbest Tesla takes of all
             | time. People should be embarrassed about some of the claims
             | that were made here.
             | 
             | And apparently some people still haven't caught on.
             | 
             | Have a look if you don't believe me:
             | 
             | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=custom&page=0&prefix=fals
             | e...
        
               | Hikikomori wrote:
               | Seems to be some ketamine on that boot.
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | Except that's not what the original posters said, rather
             | 'operators making major decisions.' Don't strawman here, it
             | wastes everyone's time.
        
           | MillionOClock wrote:
           | I haven't read anything about this but I would also suppose
           | long distance human intervention cannot be done for truly
           | critical situations where you need a very quick reaction,
           | whereas it would be more appropriate in situations where the
           | car has stopped and is stuck not knowing what to do. Probably
           | just stating the obvious here but indeed this seems like
           | something very different from an RC car kind of situation.
        
             | sroussey wrote:
             | It's not for that. It's for things like the car drove into
             | a protest area and people are surrounding the car. Or
             | police blocked off an intersection and the car is stuck
             | temporarily with people doing otherwise illegal u-turns or
             | driving the wrong way on a one way road to get out of it.
        
       | mempko wrote:
       | One interesting thing from this paper is how big of a LiDaR
       | shadow there is around the waymo car which suggests they rely on
       | cameras for anything close (maybe they have radar too?). Seems
       | LiDaR is only useful for distant objects.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | At least 6 radar units:
         | https://support.google.com/waymo/answer/9190838?hl=en
        
       | 999900000999 wrote:
       | It doesn't look like they're going to open sources or anything,
       | but I could imagine this would be great for city planning.
       | 
       | Or the most realistic game of SimCity you could imagine.
        
       | mattlondon wrote:
       | Suddenly all this focus on world models by Deep mind starts to
       | make sense. I've never really thought of Waymo as a robot in the
       | same way as e.g. a Boston Dynamics humanoid, but of course it is
       | a robot of sorts.
       | 
       | Google/Alphabet are so vertically integrated for AI when you
       | think about it. Compare what they're doing - their own power
       | generation , their own silicon, their own data centers, search
       | Gmail YouTube Gemini workspace wallet, billions and billions of
       | Android and Chromebook users, their ads everywhere, their browser
       | everywhere, waymo, probably buy back Boston dynamics soon enough
       | (they're recently partnered together), fusion research, drugs
       | discovery.... and then look at ChatGPT's chatbot or grok's porn.
       | Pales in comparison.
        
         | smeeth wrote:
         | I always understood this to be why Tesla started working on
         | humanoid robots
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | Pretty much. They banked on "if we can solve FSD, we can
           | partially solve humanoid robot autonomy, because both are
           | robots operating in poorly structured real world
           | environments".
        
           | smt88 wrote:
           | They started working on humanoid robots because Musk always
           | has to have the next moonshot, trillion-dollar idea to
           | promise "in 3 years" to keep the stock price high.
           | 
           | As soon as Waymo's massive robotaxi lead became undeniable,
           | he pivoted to from robotaxis to humanoid robots.
        
             | senordevnyc wrote:
             | Yeah, that and running Grok on a trillion GPUs in space lol
        
           | jasondigitized wrote:
           | I don't want a humanoid robot. I want a purpose built robot.
        
             | simondotau wrote:
             | Obviously both will exist and compete with each other on
             | the margins. The thing to appreciate is that our physical
             | world is already built like an API for adult humans.
             | Swinging doors, stairs, cupboards, benchtops. If you want a
             | robot to traverse the space and be useful for more than one
             | task, the humanoid form makes sense.
             | 
             | The key question is whether general purpose robots can
             | outcompete on sheer economies of scale alone.
        
           | Fricken wrote:
           | It's so they can stick a Tesla logo on a bunch of chinese
           | tech and call it innovation.
        
         | mooktakim wrote:
         | Tesla built something like this for FSD training, they
         | presented many years ago. I never understood why they did
         | productize it. It would have made a brilliant Maps alternative,
         | which country automatically update from Tesla cars on the road.
         | Could live update with speed cameras and road conditions. Like
         | many things they've fallen behind
        
           | jellojello wrote:
           | Without Lidar + the terrible quality of tesla onboard
           | cameras.. street view would look terrible. The biggest L of
           | elon's career is the weird commitment to no-lidar. If you've
           | ever driven a Tesla, it gives daily messages "the left side
           | camera is blocked" etc.. cameras+weather don't mix either.
        
             | verelo wrote:
             | Yeah its absurd. As a Tesla driver, I have to say the
             | autopilot model really does feel like what someone who's
             | never driven a car before thinks it's like.
             | 
             | Using vision only is so ignorant of what driving is all
             | about: sound, vibration, vision, heat, cold...these are all
             | clues on road condition. If the car isn't feeling all these
             | things as part of the model, you're handicapping it. In a
             | brilliant way Lidar is the missing piece of information a
             | car needs without relying on multiple sensors, it's
             | probably superior to what a human can do, where as vision
             | only is clearly inferior.
        
               | ASalazarMX wrote:
               | Maybe vision-only can work with much better cameras, with
               | a wider spectrum (so they can see thru fog, for example),
               | and self-cleaning/zero upkeep (so you don't have to pull
               | over to wipe a speck of mud from them). Nevertheless,
               | LIDAR still seems like the best choice overall.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | The inputs to FSD are:                   7 cameras x
               | 36fps x 5Mpx x 30s         48kHz audio         Nav maps
               | and route for next few miles         100Hz kinematics
               | (speed, IMU, odometry, etc)
               | 
               | Source: https://youtu.be/LFh9GAzHg1c?t=571
        
               | ambicapter wrote:
               | So if they're already "fusioning" all these things, why
               | would LIDAR be any different?
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Tesla went nothing-but-nets (making fusion easy) and
               | Chinese LIDAR became cheap around 2023, but monocular
               | depth estimation was spectacularly good by 2021. By the
               | time unit cost and integration effort came down, LIDAR
               | had very little to offer a vision stack that no longer
               | struggled to perceive the 3D world around it.
               | 
               | Also, integration effort went down but it never
               | disappeared. Meanwhile, opportunity cost skyrocketed when
               | vision started working. Which layers would _you_ carve
               | resources away from to make room? How far back would
               | _you_ be willing to send the training + validation
               | schedule to accommodate the change? If you saw your
               | vision-only stack take off and blow past human
               | performance on the march of 9s, would you land the plane
               | just because red paint became available and you wanted to
               | paint it red?
               | 
               | I wouldn't completely discount ego either, but IMO
               | there's more ego in the "LIDAR is necessary" case than
               | the "LIDAR isn't necessary" at this point. FWIW, I used
               | to be an outspoken LIDAR-head before 2021 when monocular
               | depth estimation became a solved problem. It was funny
               | watching everyone around me convert in the opposite
               | direction at around the same time, probably driven by
               | politics. I get it, I hate Elon's politics too, I just
               | try very hard to keep his shitty behavior from
               | influencing my opinions on machine learning.
        
               | kanbara wrote:
               | depth estimation is but one part of the problem--
               | atmospheric and other conditions which blind optical
               | visible spectrum sensors, lack of ambient (sunlight) and
               | more. lidar simply outperforms (performs at all?) in
               | these conditions. and provides hardware back distance
               | maps, not software calculated estimation
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Lidar fails worse than cameras in nearly all those
               | conditions. There are plenty of videos of Tesla's vision-
               | only approach seeing obstacles far before a human
               | possibly could in all those conditions on real customer
               | cars. Many are on the old hardware with far worse cameras
        
               | kranke155 wrote:
               | Always thought the case was for sensor redundancy and
               | data variety - the stuff that throws off monocular depth
               | estimation might not throw off a lidar or radar.
        
               | 7e wrote:
               | Monocular depth estimation can be fooled by adversarial
               | images, or just scenes outside of its distribution. It's
               | a validation nightmare and a joke for high reliability.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | It isn't monocular though. A Tesla has 2 front-facing
               | cameras, narrow and wide-angle. Beyond that, it is only
               | neural nets at this point, so depth estimation isn't
               | directly used; it is likely part of the neural net, but
               | only the useful distilled elements.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | I never said it was. I was using it as a lower bound for
               | what was possible.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | > _but monocular depth estimation was spectacularly good
               | by 2021_
               | 
               | It's still rather weak and true monocular depth
               | estimation really wasn't spectacularly anything in 2021.
               | It's fundamentally ill posed and any priors you use to
               | get around that will come to bite you in the long tail of
               | things some driver will encounter on the road.
               | 
               | The way it got good is by using camera overlap in space
               | and over time while in motion to figure out metric depth
               | over the entire image. Which is, humorously enough,
               | sensor fusion.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | It was spectacularly good before 2021, 2021 is just when
               | I noticed that it had become spectacularly good. 7.5
               | billion miles later, this appears to have been the
               | correct call.
        
               | verelo wrote:
               | Better than I expected. So this was 3 days ago, is this
               | for all previously models or is there a cut off date
               | here?
        
               | ChicagoDave wrote:
               | Fog, heavy rain, heavy snow, people running between cars
               | or from an obstructed view...
               | 
               | None of these technologies can ever be 100%, so we're
               | basically accepting a level of needless death.
               | 
               | Musk has even shrugged off FSD related deaths as,
               | "progress".
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Humans: 70 deaths in 7 billion miles
               | 
               | FSD: 2 deaths in 7 billion miles
               | 
               | Looks like FSD saves lives by a margin so fat it can
               | probably survive most statistical games.
        
               | hn_acc1 wrote:
               | Is that the official Tesla stat? I've heard of way more
               | Tesla fatalities than that..
        
               | ChicagoDave wrote:
               | This is absolutely a Musk defender. FSD and Tesla related
               | deaths are much higher.
               | 
               | https://www.tesladeaths.com/index-amp.html
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Autopilot is the shitty lane assist. FSD is the SOTA
               | neural net.
               | 
               | Your link agrees with me:
               | 
               | > 2 fatalities involving the use of FSD
        
               | Fricken wrote:
               | I don't know what he's on about. Here's a better list:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tesla_Autopilot_cra
               | she...
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Autopilot is the shitty lane assist. FSD is the SOTA
               | neural net.
               | 
               | Your link agrees with me:
               | 
               | > two that NHTSA's Office of Defect Investigations
               | determined as happening during the engagement of Full
               | Self-Driving (FSD) after 2022.
        
               | simondotau wrote:
               | There are a sizeable number of deaths associated with the
               | abuse of Tesla's adaptive cruise control with lane
               | cantering (publicly marketed as "autopilot"). Such
               | features are commonplace on many new cars and it is
               | unclear whether Tesla is an outlier, because no one is
               | interested in obsessively researching cruise control
               | abuse among other brands.
               | 
               | There are two deaths associated with FSD.
        
               | elgenie wrote:
               | Isn't there a great deal of gaming going on with the car
               | disengaging FSD milliseconds before crashing? Voila, no
               | "full" "self" driving accident; just another human
               | failing [*]!
               | 
               | [*] Failing to solve the impossible situation FSD dropped
               | them into, that is.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Nope. NHTSA's criteria for reporting is active-
               | within-30-seconds.
               | 
               | https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/standing-general-
               | orde...
               | 
               | If there's gamesmanship going on, I'd expect the antifan
               | site linked below to have different numbers, but it
               | agrees with the 2 deaths figure for FSD.
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | Autopilot hasn't been updated in years and is nothing
               | like FSD. FSD does use all of those cues.
        
               | verelo wrote:
               | I misspoke, i'm using Hardware 3 FSD.
        
               | torginus wrote:
               | I quickly googled Lidar limitations, and this article
               | came up:
               | 
               | https://www.yellowscan.com/knowledge/how-weather-really-
               | affe...
               | 
               | Seeing how its by a lidar vendor, I don't think they're
               | biased against it. It seems Lidar is not a panacea - it
               | struggles with heavy rain, snow, much more than cameras
               | do and is affected by cold weather or any contamination
               | on the sensor.
               | 
               | So lidar will only get you so far. I'm far more
               | interested in mmwave radar, which while much worse in
               | spatial resolution, isn't affected by light conditions,
               | weather, can directly measure stuff on the thing its
               | illuminating, like material properties, the speed its
               | moving, the thickness.
               | 
               | Fun fact: mmWave based presence sensors can measure your
               | hearbeat, as the micro-movements show up as a frequency
               | component. So I'd guess it would have a very good chance
               | to detect a human.
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure even with much more rudimentary
               | processing, it'll be able to tell if its looking at a
               | living being.
               | 
               | By the way: what happened to the idea that self-driving
               | cars will be able to talk to each other and combine each
               | other's sensor data, so if there are multiple ones
               | looking at the same spot, you'd get a much improved
               | chance of not making a mistake.
        
             | ASalazarMX wrote:
             | At first I gave him the benefit of the doubt, like that
             | weird decision of Steve Jobs banning Adobe Flash, which ran
             | most of the fun parts of the Internet back then, that ended
             | up spreading HTML5. Now I just think he refused LIDAR on
             | purely aesthetic reasons. The cost is not even that
             | significant compared to the overall cost of a Tesla.
        
               | iamtheworstdev wrote:
               | he didn't refuse it. MobileEye or whoever cut Tesla off
               | because they were using the lidar sensors in a way he
               | didn't approve. From there he got mad and said "no more
               | lidar!"
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | False. Mobileye never used lidar. Lmao where do you all
               | come up with this
        
               | agildehaus wrote:
               | https://www.mobileye.com/news/mobileye-to-end-internal-
               | lidar...
               | 
               | Um, yes they did.
               | 
               | No idea if it had any relation to Tesla though.
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | Did not
        
               | nerdsniper wrote:
               | I think Elon announced Tesla was ditching LIDAR in
               | 2019.[0] This was before Mobileye offered LIDAR. Mobileye
               | has used LIDAR from Luminar Technologies around
               | 2022-2025. [1][2] They were developing their own lidar,
               | but cancelled it. [3] They chose Innoviz Technologies as
               | their LIDAR partner going forward for future product
               | lines. [4]
               | 
               | 0: https://techcrunch.com/2019/04/22/anyone-relying-on-
               | lidar-is...
               | 
               | 1: https://static.mobileye.com/website/corporate/media/ra
               | dar-li...
               | 
               | 2: https://www.luminartech.com/updates/luminar-
               | accelerates-comm...
               | 
               | 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vvg9heQObyQ&t=48s
               | 
               | 4: https://ir.innoviz.tech/news-events/press-
               | releases/detail/13...
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | Never with the product used by Tesla early on.
        
               | Fricken wrote:
               | The original Mobileye EyeQ3 devices that Tesla began
               | installing in their cars in 2013 had only a single
               | forward facing camera. They were very simple devices,
               | only intended to be used for lane keeping. Tesla hacked
               | the devices and pushed them beyond their safe design
               | constraints.
               | 
               | Then that guy got decapitated when his Model S drove
               | under a semi-truck that was crossing the highway and
               | Mobileye terminated the contract. Weirdly, the same fatal
               | edge case occurred 2 more times at least on Tesla's newer
               | hardware.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tesla_Autopilot_cra
               | she...
        
               | nerdsniper wrote:
               | Thank you!
        
               | semiquaver wrote:
               | Assuming what you say is true, are they the only LIDAR
               | vendor?
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | His stated reason was that he wanted the team focused on
               | the driving problem, not sensor fusion "now you have two
               | problems" problems. People assumed cost was the real
               | reason, but it seems unfair to blame him for what people
               | assumed. Don't get me wrong, I don't like him either, but
               | that's not due to his autonomous driving leadership
               | decisions, it's because of shitting up twitter, shitting
               | up US elections with handouts, shitting up the US
               | government with DOGE, seeking Epstein's "wildest party,"
               | DARVO every day, and so much more.
        
               | jellojello wrote:
               | Sensor fusion is an issue, one that is solvable over time
               | and investment in the driving model, but sensor-
               | can't-see-anything is a show stopper.
               | 
               | Having a self-driving solution that can be totally turned
               | off with a speck of mud, heavy rain, morning dew, bright
               | sunlight at dawn and dusk.. you can't engineer your way
               | out of sensor-blindness.
               | 
               | I don't want a solution that is available to use 98% of
               | the time, I want a solution that is always-available and
               | can't be blinded by a bad lighting condition.
               | 
               | I think he did it because his solution always used the
               | crutch of "FSD Not Available, Right hand Camera is
               | Blocked" messaging and "Driver Supervision" as the
               | backstop to any failure anywhere in the stack. Waymo had
               | no choice but to solve the expensive problem of "Always
               | Available and Safe" and work backwards on price.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | LIDAR is notoriously easy to blind, what are you on
               | about? Bonus meme: LIDAR blinds you(r iPhone camera)!
        
               | ciberado wrote:
               | That one was motivated by the need of controlling the app
               | distribution channel, just like they keep the web as a
               | second class citizen in their ecosystem nowadays.
        
             | 0xfaded wrote:
             | I have HW3, but FSD reliably disengages at this time of
             | year with sunrise and sunset during commute hours.
        
               | jellojello wrote:
               | Yep, and won't activate until any morning dew is off the
               | sensors.. or when it rains too hard.. or if it's blinded
               | by a shiny building/window/vehicle.
               | 
               | I will never trust 2d camera-only, it can be covered or
               | blocked physically and when it happens FSD fails.
               | 
               | As cheap as LIDAR has gotten, adding it to every new
               | tesla seems to be the best way out of this idiotic
               | position. Sadly I think Elon got bored with cars and
               | moved on.
        
               | iknowstuff wrote:
               | FSD14 on hw4 does not. Its dynamic range is equivalent or
               | better than human.
        
             | kypro wrote:
             | From the perspective of viewing FSD as an engineering
             | problem that needs solving I tend to think Elon is on to
             | something with the camera-only approach - although I would
             | agree the current hardware has problems with weather, etc.
             | 
             | The issue with lidar is that many of the difficult edge-
             | cases of FSD are all visible-light vision problems. Lidar
             | might be able to tell you there's a car up front, but it
             | can't tell you that the car has it's hazard lights on and a
             | flat tire. Lidar might see a human shaped thing in the
             | road, but it cannot tell whether it's a mannequin leaning
             | against a bin or a human about to cross the road.
             | 
             | Lidar gets you most of the way there when it comes to
             | spatial awareness on the road, but you need cameras for
             | most of the edge-cases because cameras provide the color
             | data needed to understand the world.
             | 
             | You could never have FSD with just lidar, but you could
             | have FSD with just cameras if you can overcome all of the
             | hardware and software challenges with accurate 3D
             | perception.
             | 
             | Given Lidar adds cost and complexity, and most edge cases
             | in FSD are camera problems, I think camera-only probably
             | helps to force engineers to focus their efforts in the
             | right place rather than hitting bottlenecks from over
             | depending on Lidar data. This isn't an argument for camera-
             | only FSD, but from Tesla's perspective it does down costs
             | and allows them to continue to produce appealing cars -
             | which is obviously important if you're coming at FSD from
             | the perspective of an auto marker trying to sell cars.
             | 
             | Finally, adding lidar as a redundancy once you've "solved"
             | FSD with cameras isn't impossible. I personally suspect
             | Tesla will eventually do this with their robotaxis.
             | 
             | That said, I have no real experience with self-driving
             | cars. I've only worked on vision problems and while lidar
             | is great if you need to measure distances and not hit
             | things, it's the wrong tool if you need to comprehend the
             | world around you.
        
               | senordevnyc wrote:
               | This is so wild to read when Waymo is _currently_ doing
               | like 500,000 paid rides _every week_ , all over the
               | country, with no one in the driver's seat. Meanwhile
               | Tesla seems to have a handful of robotaxis in Austin, and
               | it's unclear if any of them are actually driverless.
               | 
               | But the Tesla engineers are "in the right place rather
               | than hitting bottlenecks from over depending on Lidar
               | data"? What?
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Tesla has driven 7.5B autonomous miles to Waymo's 0.2B,
               | but yes, Waymo looks like they are ahead when you
               | stratify the statistics according to the ass-in-driver-
               | seat variable and neglect the stratum that makes Tesla
               | look good.
               | 
               | The real question is whether doing so is smart or dumb.
               | Is Tesla hiding big show-stopper problems that will
               | prevent them from scaling without a safety driver? Or are
               | the big safety problems solved and they are just
               | finishing the Robotaxi assembly line that will crank out
               | more vertically-integrated purpose-designed cars than
               | Waymo's entire fleet every day before lunch?
        
               | hn_acc1 wrote:
               | Tesla's also been involved in WAY more accidents than
               | Waymo - and has tried to silence those people, claim FSD
               | wasn't active, etc.
               | 
               | What good is a huge fleet of Robotaxis if no one will
               | trust them? I won't ever set foot in a Robotaxi, as long
               | as Elon is involved.
        
               | kypro wrote:
               | There's more Tesla's on the road than Waymo's by several
               | orders of magnitude. Additionally the types of roads and
               | conditions Tesla's drive under is completely incomparable
               | to Waymo.
        
               | jamespo wrote:
               | Yes that was accounted for above, but this isn't
               | autonomous apples to apples
        
               | jasondigitized wrote:
               | semi autonomous
        
               | kypro wrote:
               | I wasn't arguing Tesla is ahead of Waymo? Nor do I think
               | they are. All I was arguing was that it makes sense from
               | the perspective of a consumer automobile maker to not use
               | lidar.
               | 
               | I don't think Tesla is that far behind Waymo though given
               | Waymo has had a significant head start, the fact Waymo
               | has always been a taxi-first product, and given they're
               | using significantly more expensive tech than Tesla is.
               | 
               | Additionally, it's not like this is a lidar vs cameras
               | debate. Waymo also uses and needs cameras for FSD for the
               | reasons I mentioned, but they supplement their robotaxis
               | with lidar for accuracy and redundancy.
               | 
               | My guess is that Tesla will experiment with lidar on
               | their robotaxis this year because design decisions should
               | differ from those of a consumer automobile. But I could
               | be wrong because if Tesla wants FSD to work well on
               | visually appealing and affordable consumer vehicles then
               | they'll probably have to solve some of the additional
               | challenges with with a camera-only FSD system. I think it
               | will depend on how much Elon decides Tesla needs to pivot
               | into robotaxis.
               | 
               | Either way, what is undebatable is that you can't drive
               | with lidar only. If the weather is so bad that cameras
               | are useless then Waymos are also useless.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | >>The biggest L of elon's career is the weird commitment to
             | no-lidar.
             | 
             | I thought it was the Nazi salutes on stage and backing neo-
             | nazi groups everywhere around the world, but you know, I
             | guess the lidar thing too.
        
           | berryg wrote:
           | No Lidar anymore on the 2026 Volvo models ES60 and EX60. See
           | for example: https://www.jalopnik.com/2032555/volvo-ends-
           | luminar-lidar-20...
        
             | senordevnyc wrote:
             | I love Volvo, am considering buying one in a couple weeks
             | actually, but they're doing nothing interesting in terms of
             | ADAS, as far as I can tell. It seems like they're limited
             | to adaptive cruise control and lane keeping, both of which
             | have been solved problems for more than a decade.
             | 
             | It sounds like they removed Lidar due to supplier issues
             | and availability, not because they're trying to build self-
             | driving cars and have determined they don't need it
             | anymore.
        
               | nfg wrote:
               | I'd suggest doing some research on software quality. Two
               | years back I was all for buying one (I was considering an
               | EX40), but I got myself into some Facebook groups for
               | owners and was shocked at the dreadful reports of quality
               | of the software and it completely put me off. I got an
               | ID4 instead. Reports about the EX90 have been dreadful. I
               | was very interested, and I still admire their look and
               | build when they drive by - but it killed my enthusiasm to
               | buy one for a few years until they get it right.
        
               | nwienert wrote:
               | [delayed]
        
               | ruszki wrote:
               | Is lane keeping really a solved problem? Just last year
               | one of my brand new rented cars tried to kill me a few
               | times when I tried it again, and so far not even the
               | simple lane leaving detection mechanism worked properly
               | in any of the tried cars when it was raining.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | > Suddenly all this focus on world models by Deep mind starts
         | to make sense
         | 
         | Google's been thinking about world models since at least 2018:
         | https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.10122
        
           | anp wrote:
           | FWIW I understood GP to mean that it suddenly makes sense to
           | them, not that there's been a sudden focus shift at google.
        
         | sdf2erf wrote:
         | "Waymo as a robot in the same way"
         | 
         | Erm, a dishwasher, washing machine, automated vacuum can be
         | considered robots. Im confused as to this obsession of the term
         | - there are many robots that already exist. Robotics have been
         | involved in the production of cars for decades.
         | 
         | ......
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | I think the (gray) line is the degree of autonomy. My washing
           | machine makes very small, predictable decisions, while a
           | Waymo has to manage uncertainty most of the time.
        
             | sdf2erf wrote:
             | Its irrelevant. A robot is a robot.
             | 
             | Dictionary def: "a machine controlled by a computer that is
             | used to perform jobs automatically."
        
               | ASalazarMX wrote:
               | TIL fuel injectors are robots. Probably my ceiling lights
               | too.
               | 
               | Maybe we need to nitpick about what a job is exactly? Or
               | we could agree to call Waymos (semi)autonomous robots?
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | No one is denying that robots existed already (but I
               | would hardly call a dishwasher a robot FWIW)
               | 
               | But in my mind a waymo was always a "car with sensors",
               | but more recently (especially having recently used them a
               | bunch in California recently) I've come to think of them
               | truly as robots.
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | In the same way people online have argued helicopters are
               | flying cars, it doesn't capture what most people mean
               | when they use the word "robot", anymore than helicopters
               | are what people have in mind when they mention flying
               | cars.
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | A robot is a robot, and a human is a creature that won't
               | necessarily agree with another human on what the
               | definition of a word is. Dictionaries are also written by
               | humans and don't necessarily reflect the current
               | consensus, especially on terms where people's
               | understanding might evolve over time as technology
               | changes.
               | 
               | Even if that definition were universally agreed on l upon
               | though, that's not really enough to understand what the
               | parent comment was saying. Being a robot "in the same
               | way" as something else is even less objective. Humans are
               | humans, but they're also mammals; is a human a mammal "in
               | the same way" as a mouse? Most humans probably have a
               | very different view of the world than most mice, and the
               | parent comment was specifically addressing the question
               | of whether it makes sense for an autonomous car to model
               | the world the same way as other robots or not. I don't
               | see how you can dismiss this as "irrelevant" because both
               | humans and mice are mammals (or even animals; there's no
               | shortage of classifications out there) unless you're
               | completely having a different conversation than the
               | person you responded to. You're not necessarily wrong
               | because of that, but you're making a pretty significant
               | misjudgment if you think that's helpful to them or to
               | anyone else involved in the ongoing conversation.
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | It's a 3500lb robot that can kill you.
         | 
         | Boston Robotics is working on a smaller robot that can kill
         | you.
         | 
         | Anduril is working on even smaller robots that can kill you.
         | 
         | The future sucks.
        
           | zzzeek wrote:
           | and they're all controlled by (poorly compensated) humans
           | anyway [1] [2]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.wsj.com/tech/personal-tech/i-tried-the-robot-
           | tha...
           | 
           | [2] https://futurism.com/advanced-transport/waymos-
           | controlled-wo...
        
             | themafia wrote:
             | They couldn't even make burger flipping robots work and are
             | paying fast food workers $20/hr in California.
             | 
             | If that doesn't make it obvious what they can and cannot do
             | then I can't respect the tranche of "hackers" who blindly
             | cheer on this unchecked corporate dystopian nightmare.
        
         | dmd wrote:
         | Which is why it's embarrassing how much worse Gemini is at
         | searching the web for grounding information, and how incredibly
         | bad gemini cli is.
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | Not my experience in either of those areas.
        
         | coffeemug wrote:
         | The vertical integration argument should apply to Grok. They
         | have Tesla driving data (probably much more data than Waymo),
         | Twitter data, plus Tesla/SpaceX manufacturing data. When/if
         | Optimus starts on the production line, they'll have that data
         | too. You could argue they haven't figured out how to take
         | advantage of it, but the potential is definitely there.
        
           | BoredPositron wrote:
           | Agreed. Should they achieve Google level integration, we will
           | all make sure they are featured in our commentary. Their true
           | potential is surely just around the corner...
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | "Tesla has more data than Waymo" is some of the lamest cope
           | ever. Tesla does not have more video than Google! That's
           | crazy! People who repeat this are crazy! If there was a
           | massive flow of video from Tesla cars to Tesla HQ that would
           | have observable side effects.
        
         | thefounder wrote:
         | But somehow google fails to execute. Gemini is useless for
         | programming and I don't think even bother to use it as chat
         | app. Claude code + gpt 5.2 xhigh for coding and gpt as chat app
         | are really the only ones that are worth it(price and time wise)
        
           | coffeemug wrote:
           | I've recently switched to Claude for chat. GPT 5.2 feels very
           | engagement-maxxed for me, like I'm reading a bad LinkedIn
           | post. Claude does a tiny bit of this too, but an order of
           | magnitude less in my experience. I never thought I'd switch
           | from ChatGPT, but there is only so much "here's the brutal
           | truth, it's not x it's y" I can take.
        
             | aschla wrote:
             | Experiencing the same. It seems Anthropic's human-focused
             | design choices are becoming a differentiator.
        
             | thechao wrote:
             | GPT likes to _argue_ , and most of its arguments are straw
             | man arguments, usually conflating priors. It's ...
             | exhausting; akin to arguing on the internet. (What am I
             | even saying, here!?) Claude's a lot less of that. I don't
             | know if tracks discussion/conversation _better_ ; but, for
             | damn sure, it's got way less verbal diarrhea than GPT.
        
               | mrlongroots wrote:
               | Yes, GPT5-series thinking models are extremely pedantic
               | and tedious. Any conversation with them is derailed
               | because they start nitpicking something random.
               | 
               | But Codex/5.2 was substantially more effective than
               | Claude at debugging complex C++ bugs until around Fall,
               | when I was writing a lot more code.
               | 
               | I find Gemini 3 useless. It has regressed on
               | hallucinations from Gemini 2.5, to the point where its
               | output is no better than a random token stream despite
               | all its benchmark outperformance. I would use Gemini 2.5
               | to help write papers and all, can't see to use Gemini 3
               | for anything. Gemini CLI also is very non-compliant and
               | crazy.
        
             | thefounder wrote:
             | To me ChatGPT seems smarter and knows more. That's why I
             | use it. Even Claude rates gpt better for knowledge answers.
             | Not sure if that itself is any indication. Claude seems
             | superficial unless you hammer it to generate a good answer.
        
           | henryfjordan wrote:
           | Gemini works well enough in Search and in Meet. And it's
           | baked into the products so it's dead simple to use.
           | 
           | I don't think Google is targeting developers with their AI,
           | they are targeting their product's users.
        
           | noelsusman wrote:
           | It is a bit mind boggling how behind they were considering
           | they invented transformers and were also sitting on the best
           | set of training data in the world, but they've caught up
           | quite a bit. They still lag behind in coding, but I've found
           | Gemini to be pretty good at more general knowledge tasks.
           | Flash 3 in particular is much better than anything of
           | comparable price and speed from OpenAI or Anthropic.
        
           | unsupp0rted wrote:
           | Gemini is by far the best UI/UX designer model. Codex seems
           | to the worst: it'll build something awkward and ugly, then
           | Gemini will take 30-60 seconds to make it look like something
           | that would have won a design award a couple years ago.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | Google has been doing more R&D and internal deployment of AI
         | and less trying to sell it as a product. IMHO that difference
         | in focus makes a huge difference. I used to think their early
         | work on self-driving cars was primarily to support Street View
         | in thier maps.
        
           | AlfredBarnes wrote:
           | It has always felt to me that the LLM chatbots were a
           | surprise to Google, not LLMs, or machine learning in general.
        
             | raphlinus wrote:
             | Not true at all. I interacted with Meena[1] while I was
             | there, and the _publication_ was almost three years before
             | the release of ChatGPT. It was an unsettling experience,
             | felt very science fiction.
             | 
             | [1]: https://research.google/blog/towards-a-conversational-
             | agent-...
        
               | nasretdinov wrote:
               | Well, I must say ChatGPT felt much more stable than Meena
               | when I first tried it. But, as you said, it was a few
               | years before ChatGPT was publicly announced :)
        
               | hibikir wrote:
               | The surprise was not that they existed: There were
               | chatbots in Google way before ChatGPT. What surprised
               | them was the demand, despite all the problems the
               | chatbots have. The pig problem with LLMs was not that
               | they could do nothing, but how to turn them into products
               | that made good money. Even people in openAI were
               | surprised about what happened.
               | 
               | In many ways, turning tech into products that are useful,
               | good, and don't make life hell is a more interesting
               | issue of our times than the core research itself. We
               | probably want to avoid the valuing capturing platform
               | problem, as otherwise we'll end up seeing governments
               | using ham fisted tools to punish winners in ways that
               | aren't helpful either
        
               | diamondage wrote:
               | The uptake forced the bigger companies to act. With image
               | diffusion models too - no corporate lawyer would let a
               | big company release a product that allowed the customer
               | to create any image...but when stable diffusion et al
               | started to grow like they did...there was a specific
               | price of not acting...and it was high enough to change
               | boardroom decisions
        
           | brokencode wrote:
           | There was a point in time when basically every well known AI
           | researcher worked at Google. They have been at the forefront
           | of AI research and investing heavily for longer than anybody.
           | 
           | It's kind of crazy that they have been slow to create real
           | products and competitive large scale models from their
           | research.
           | 
           | But they are in full gear now that there is real competition,
           | and it'll be cool to see what they release over the next few
           | years.
        
             | hosh wrote:
             | I also think the presence of Sergey Brin has been making a
             | difference in this.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Ex-googler: I doubt it, but am curious for rationale (i
               | know there was a round of PR re: him "coming back to help
               | with AI." but just between you and me, the word on him
               | internally, over years and multiple projects, was having
               | him around caused chaos b/c he was a tourist flitting
               | between teams, just spitting out ideas, but now you have
               | unclear direction and multiple teams hearing the same
               | "you should" and doing it)
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | That makes sense. A "secret shopper" might be a better
               | way to avoid that but wouldn't give him the strokes of
               | being the god in the room.
        
               | LightBug1 wrote:
               | Oh ffs, we have an external investor who behaves like
               | that. Literally set us back a year on pet nonsense
               | projects and ideas.
        
               | hungryhobbit wrote:
               | Please, Google was terrible about using the tech the had
               | long before Sundar, back when Brin was in charge.
               | 
               | Google Reader is a simple example: Googl had _by far_ the
               | most popular RSS reader, and they just threw it away. A
               | single intern could have kept the whole thing running,
               | and Google has literal billions, but they couldn 't see
               | the value in it.
               | 
               | I mean, it's not like being able to see what a good
               | portion of America is reading every day could have any
               | value for an AI company, right?
               | 
               | Google has always been terrible about turning tech into
               | (viable, maintained) products.
        
               | vinkelhake wrote:
               | Is there an equivalent to Godwin's law wrt threads about
               | Google and Google Reader?
               | 
               | See also: any programming thread and Rust.
        
               | jamespo wrote:
               | Took a while but I got to the google reader post. Self
               | host tt-rss, it's much better
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | How is this relevant? At best it's tangentially related
               | and low effort
        
               | burgreblast wrote:
               | I never get the moaning about killing Reader. It was
               | never about popularity or user experience.
               | 
               | Reader had to be killed because it [was seen as] a
               | suboptimal ad monetization engine. Page views were
               | superior.
               | 
               | Was Google going to support minimizing ads in any way?
        
             | smallnix wrote:
             | > It's kind of crazy that they have been slow to create
             | real products and competitive large scale models from their
             | research.
             | 
             | I always thought they deliberately tried to contain the
             | genie in the bottle as long as they could
        
           | AbstractH24 wrote:
           | Google and OpenAI are both taking very big gambles with AI,
           | with an eye towards 2036 not 2026. As are many others, but
           | them in particular.
           | 
           | It'll be interesting to see which pays off and which becomes
           | Quibi
        
         | jasondigitized wrote:
         | The flywheel is starting to spin......
        
         | spiderfarmer wrote:
         | Grok/xAI is a joke at this point. A true money pit without any
         | hopes for a serious revenue stream.
         | 
         | They should be bought by a rocket company. Then they would
         | stand a chance.
        
         | uoaei wrote:
         | What an upsetting comment. I'm glad you came around but what
         | did you think was going to be effective before you came around
         | to world models?
        
         | Dig1t wrote:
         | >or grok's porn
         | 
         | I know it's gross, but I would not discount this. Remember why
         | Blu-ray won over HDDVD? I know it won for many other technical
         | reasons, but I think there are a few historical examples of
         | sexual content being a big competitive advantage.
        
         | schiffern wrote:
         | >I've never really thought of Waymo as a robot in the same way
         | as e.g. a Boston Dynamics humanoid, but of course it is a robot
         | of sorts.
         | 
         | So for the record, with this realization you're 3+ years behind
         | Tesla.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODSJsviD_SU&t=3594s
        
           | tapoxi wrote:
           | Aren't they still using safety drivers or safety follow cars
           | and in fewer cities? Seems Tesla is pretty far behind.
        
             | schiffern wrote:
             | What do you think I said that you're contradicting?
             | 
             | IMO the presence of safety chase vehicles is just a
             | sensible "as low as reasonably achievable" measure during
             | the early rollout. I'm not sure that can (fairly) be used
             | as a point against them.
             | 
             | I'm comfortably with Tesla sparing no expense for safety,
             | since I think we all (including Tesla) understand that this
             | isn't the ultimate implementation. In fact, I think it
             | would be a scandal if Tesla _failed_ to do exactly that.
             | 
             | Damned if you do and damned if you don't, apparently.
        
               | tapoxi wrote:
               | I don't know if Tesla claiming they're doing something
               | carries weight anymore.
        
               | schiffern wrote:
               | Setting aside the anti-Tesla bias, none of what I said
               | relies on Tesla claims. The "chase vehicle" claims are
               | all based on third-party accounts from actual rideshare
               | customers.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | Internal firewalls and poor management means that the vast
         | majority of integration opportunities are missed.
        
       | Vosporos wrote:
       | The new frontier is manifestly the Phillipines.
        
         | elliotec wrote:
         | Can you explain? I lived in PH, and my guess is that you mean
         | navigating and modeling the unending and constantly changing
         | chaos of the street systems (and lack thereof) is going to be a
         | monumental task which I completely agree with. It would be an
         | impressive feat if possible.
         | 
         | Edit: or are you talking about the allegations of workers in
         | the Philippines controlling the Waymos:
         | https://futurism.com/advanced-transport/waymos-controlled-wo...
         | I guess both are valid.
        
       | hazrmard wrote:
       | cue the bell curve meme for learning autonomy:
       | ____.----.____               ______/              \______
       | _____/                            \_____
       | ________________________________________
       | (simulations)  (real world data)  (simulations)
       | 
       | Seems like it, no?
       | 
       | We started with physics-based simulators for training policies.
       | Then put them in the real world using modular
       | perception/prediction/planning systems. Once enough data was
       | collected, we went back to making simulators. This time, they're
       | physics "informed" deep learning models.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | That's a very interesting way of looking at it. Yes, you start
         | with simulating something simpler than the real world. Then you
         | use the real world. Then you need to go back to simulations for
         | real-world things that are too rare in the real world to train
         | with.
         | 
         | Seems like there ought to be a name for this, like so-and-so's
         | law.
        
           | buddhistdude wrote:
           | hazrmard's law
        
       | tgrowazay wrote:
       | This page crashes my browser.
       | 
       | Vivaldi 7.8.3931.63 on iOS 26.2.1 iPhone 16 pro
        
       | AndrewKemendo wrote:
       | For whatever it's worth World models is going to be the dominant
       | computing structure of the future
       | 
       | I started working heavily on realizing them in 2016 and it is
       | unquestionably (finally) the future of AI
        
       | smcl wrote:
       | The Waymo driving model: hire some guys in Philippines:
       | https://futurism.com/advanced-transport/waymos-controlled-wo...
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | Dig deep enough into any "AI" idea and you'll find the bottom
         | end of the scam looks exactly like this.
         | 
         | We've simply relabeled the "Mechanical Turk" into "AI."
         | 
         | The rest is built on stolen copyrighted data.
         | 
         | The new corporate model: "just lie the government clearly
         | doesn't give a shit anymore."
        
         | ASalazarMX wrote:
         | This is not false, but gives the wrong idea that foreigners are
         | driving them in real time.
         | 
         | > After being pressed for a breakdown on where these overseas
         | operators operate, Pena said he didn't have those stats,
         | explaining that some operators live in the US, but others live
         | much further away, including in the Philippines.
         | 
         | > "They provide guidance," he argued. "They do not remotely
         | drive the vehicles. Waymo asks for guidance in certain
         | situations and gets an input, but the Waymo vehicle is always
         | in charge of the dynamic driving tasks, so that is just one
         | additional input."
        
         | ddalex wrote:
         | Have you read the article ? The guys in the Philippines are
         | providing high level executive indications, they don't drive
         | remotely the car or have any low level control of the car.
        
         | andreyk wrote:
         | This is quite misleading... From the article:
         | 
         | "When the Waymo vehicle encounters a particular situation on
         | the road, the autonomous driver can reach out to a human fleet
         | response agent for additional information to contextualize its
         | environment," the post reads. "The Waymo Driver [software] does
         | not rely solely on the inputs it receives from the fleet
         | response agent and it is in control of the vehicle at all
         | times." [from Waymo's own blog
         | https://waymo.com/blog/2024/05/fleet-response/]
         | 
         | What's the problem with this?
        
       | ge96 wrote:
       | What is the 5/3 tiles? Cameras?
        
         | spaceywilly wrote:
         | The model generates camera and Lidar data. As if it was a Waymo
         | car that drove through the simulated scenario with its cameras
         | running. This synthetic training data can then be used to train
         | the driving models.
        
           | ge96 wrote:
           | Wonder how it'll do. The trees change shape (presumably the
           | Lidar patterns do too). I get the premise/why but it seems
           | odd to me (armchair) to use fake data. Real trees don't
           | change shape (in real time) although it can be windy.
           | 
           | It probably doesn't matter though, "this general blob over
           | there"
        
       | 01100011 wrote:
       | Nvidia has had this for years. What am I missing?
        
       | LowLevelKernel wrote:
       | Instructions to load it on WAYMAX simulator?
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | 1. Still hard not to think that this is a huge waste of time as
       | opposed to something that's a little more like a public transport
       | train-ish thing, i.e. integrate with established infrastructure.
       | 
       | 2. No seriously, is the filipino driver thing confirmed? It
       | really feels like they're trying to bury that.
        
         | smotched wrote:
         | America is not europe, how would public transport work for the
         | last 1/2miles
        
           | goatlover wrote:
           | Walking, bikes and scooters.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | "The Filipino driver thing" is simply that there's a manual
         | override ability when this profoundly complex and marvelously
         | novel technology gets trapped in edge cases.
         | 
         | Once it gets unstuck, it runs autonomously.
        
         | iknowstuff wrote:
         | Filipino driver is false. Filipino guidance person is true.
        
           | jrm4 wrote:
           | The difference being?
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | (2) I really don't understand why people are surprised that
         | Waymo has fallbacks? The fact that they had a team ready to
         | take over as necessary was well known. I've seen a bunch of
         | comments about this and it seems like people are confused.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | I think they're surprised to learn it's being done by a bunch
           | of people on the other side of the world because they don't
           | want to pay American wages.
        
           | jrm4 wrote:
           | I think you sort of fundamentally misunderstand the whole
           | "steak vs sizzle" thing in capitalism?
           | 
           | The technology "feels" way less cool knowing that there are
           | human backups, which would absolutely in turn make its
           | percieved value go down.
        
         | spaceywilly wrote:
         | My view on Waymo and autonomous taxis in general is they will
         | eventually make public transit obsolete. Once there is a
         | robotaxi available to pick up and drop off every passenger
         | directly from a to b, the whole system could be made to be
         | super efficient. It will take time to get there though.
         | 
         | But eventually I think we will get there. Human drivers will be
         | banned, the roads will be exclusively used by autonomous
         | vehicles that are very efficient drivers (we could totally
         | remove stoplights, for example. Only pedestrian crossing signs
         | would be needed. Robo-vehicles could plug into a city-wide
         | network that optimizes the routing of every vehicle.) At that
         | point, public transit becomes subsidized robotaxi rides. Why
         | take a subway when a car can take you door to door with an
         | optimized route?
         | 
         | So in terms of why it isn't a waste of time, it's a step along
         | the path towards this vision. We can't flip a switch and make
         | this tech exist, it will happen in gradual steps.
        
           | sagarm wrote:
           | If everyone in NYC tried to commute in a single-occupancy
           | vehicle, there would be gridlock -- AVs or no.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > Human drivers will be banned, the roads will be exclusively
           | used by autonomous vehicles
           | 
           | I basically agree with your premise that public transit as it
           | exists today will be rendered obsolete, but I think this
           | point here is where your prediction hits a wall. I would be
           | stunned if we agreed to eliminate human drivers from the road
           | in my lifetime, or the lifetime of anyone alive today. Waymo
           | is amazing, but still just at the beginning of the long tail.
        
             | Jblx2 wrote:
             | Is that:
             | 
             | - I would be stunned if we agree to eliminate human drivers
             | from 100% of roads in the lifetime of anyone alive today.
             | 
             | or
             | 
             | - I would be stunned if we agree to eliminate human drivers
             | from 10% of roads...
             | 
             | ...or is there some other percentage to qualify this? I
             | guess I wouldn't expect there to be a decree that makes it
             | happen all at once for a country. Especially a large
             | country like the U.S.. More like, some really dense city
             | will decide to make a tiny core autonomous vehicles only,
             | and then some other cities also do years later. And then
             | maybe it expands to something larger than just the core
             | after 5 or 10 years. And so on...
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | > I would be stunned if we agreed to eliminate human
             | drivers from the road in my lifetime
             | 
             | It basically happened for horses.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | Horses don't vote.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | Neither do cars?
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | Drivers, however, absolutely do. And I do not see enough
               | drivers voting away their own ability to drive any time
               | soon.
        
               | semiquaver wrote:
               | A few years ago I would have (and did) considered the
               | notion that manually programming was about to turn into a
               | quaint relic and computers would be writing 90%+ of code
               | preposterous. Once an alternative becomes obviously
               | superior things can change very fast.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | Right, I was pointing out that at some point there was
               | probably a horse-rider constituency as there is a driver
               | constituency today.
        
           | ianburrell wrote:
           | Automated taxis would still be stuck in traffic. Automation
           | gets couple times in capacity, but the induced demand and
           | extra cars looking for rides and parking will mean traffic.
           | 
           | Automation makes public transit better. There will be
           | automated minibuses that are more flexible and frequent than
           | today's buses. Automation also means that buses get a virtual
           | bus lane. Taxis solve the last mile problem, by taking taxi
           | to the station, riding train with thousands of people, and
           | then taking more transit.
           | 
           | Also, we might discover the advantage of human powered
           | transit. Ebikes are more efficient than cars and give health
           | benefits. They will be much safer than automated cars. Could
           | use the extra capacity for bike and bus lanes.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | They are not trying to "bury" remote assistance at all. They
         | wrote a white paper about it in 2020 and a blog post about it
         | in 2024.
         | 
         | Anyway you can think it's a waste but they're wasting their
         | money, not yours. If you want a train in your town, go get one.
         | Waymo has only spent, cumulatively, about 4 months of the
         | budgets of American transit agencies. If you had all that money
         | it wouldn't amount to anything.
        
           | jrm4 wrote:
           | "At all?"
           | 
           | Oh _come on_ -- of course they are. That 's precisely why you
           | put it in a "white paper" and not, you know, ads.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | 2. Yes, a Waymo exec described it in a Congressional hearing.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46918043
        
         | frenchy wrote:
         | As someone who half-learned to drive in Manila, the idea that
         | they would use Filipino drivers as backups is ironic.
         | 
         | For context, my "driver's test" was going to the back of the
         | office, and driving some old car backwards and forwards a few
         | meters.
        
       | ActorNightly wrote:
       | This is cool, but they are still not going about it the right
       | way.
       | 
       | Its much easier to build everything into the compressed latent
       | space of physical objects and how they move, and operate from
       | there.
       | 
       | Everyone jumped on the end-2-end bandwagon, which then locks you
       | into the input to your driving model being vision, which means
       | that you have to have things like genie to generate vision data,
       | which is wasteful.
        
         | sagarm wrote:
         | The article is about using the world model to generate
         | simulations, not for controlling the vehicle.
        
         | senordevnyc wrote:
         | _This is cool, but they are still not going about it the right
         | way._
         | 
         | This is legit hilarious to read from some random HN account.
        
       | phailhaus wrote:
       | Finally I understand the use case for Genie 3. All the talk about
       | "you can make any videogame or movie" seems to have been pure
       | distraction from real uses like this: limited, time-boxed
       | simulated footage.
        
       | fabmilo wrote:
       | Very impressive work from Waymo. The driving with a tornado in
       | the horizon example kind of struck my imagination, many people
       | actually panic in such scenarios. I wonder though the compute
       | requirements to run these simulations and producing so many data
       | points.
        
       | AceJohnny2 wrote:
       | IIUC, there's a confusion of meaning for "World Model", between
       | Waymo/Deepmind's which is something that can create a consistent
       | world (for use to train Waymo's Driver), vs Yann LeCun/Advanced
       | Machine Intelligence (AMI) which is something that can understand
       | a world.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | I don't think there's a conflict. If you can predict the world
         | you understand it.
        
       | joshuamerrill wrote:
       | It's impressive to see simulation training for floods, tornadoes,
       | and wildfires. But it's also kind of baffling that a city full of
       | Waymos all seemed to fail simultaneously in San Francisco when
       | the power went out on Dec 22.
       | 
       | A power outage feels like a baseline scenario--orders of
       | magnitude more common than the disasters in this demo. If the
       | system can't degrade gracefully when traffic lights go dark, what
       | exactly is all that simulation buying us?
        
         | flutas wrote:
         | They've also been seen driving directly into flood waters, with
         | one driving through the middle of a flooded parking lot.
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/1pem9ep/hm...
        
         | GoatOfAplomb wrote:
         | All this simulation buys a single vehicle that drives better.
         | That failure was a fleet-wide event (overloading the remote
         | assistance humans).
         | 
         | That is, both are true: this high-fidelity simulation is
         | valuable and it won't catch all failure modes. Or in other
         | words, it's still on Waymo for failing during the power outage,
         | but it's not uniquely on Waymo's simulation team.
        
       | t1234s wrote:
       | Could these world models be used to build some sort of endless
       | GranTurismo type street racing game?
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | It seems inevitable that they'll soon be used as the starting
         | points for developing almost all video game environments.
         | 
         | Not for the rendering (that's still way too expensive), but for
         | the initial world generation that gets iteratively refined and
         | then still ultimately gets converted into textured triangles.
        
       | nightpool wrote:
       | Interesting, but it feels like it's going to cope very poorly
       | with actually safety-critical situations. Having a world model
       | that's trained on successful driving data feels like it's going
       | to "launder" a lot of implicit assumptions that would cause a car
       | to get into a crash in real life (e.g. there's probably no
       | examples in the training data where the car is behind a stopped
       | car, and the driver pulls over to another lane and another car
       | comes from behind and crashes into the driver because it didn't
       | check its blindspot). These types of subtle biases are going to
       | make AI-simulated world models a poor fit for training safety
       | systems where failure cannot be represented in the training data,
       | since they basically give models "free reign" to do anything that
       | couldn't be represented in world model training.
        
         | 420official wrote:
         | You're forgetting that they are also training with real data
         | from the 100+ million miles they've driven on real roads with
         | riders, and using that data to train the world model AI.
         | 
         | > there's probably no examples in the training data where the
         | car is behind a stopped car, and the driver pulls over to
         | another lane and another car comes from behind and crashes into
         | the driver because it didn't check its blindspot
         | 
         | This specific scenario is in the examples:
         | https://videos.ctfassets.net/7ijaobx36mtm/3wK6IWWc8UmhFNUSyy...
         | 
         | It doesn't show the failure mode, it demonstrates the
         | successful crash avoidance.
        
         | MillionOClock wrote:
         | While there most likely is going to be some bias in the
         | training of those kinds of models, we can also hope that
         | transfer learning from other non-driving videos will at least
         | help generate something close enough to the very real but
         | unusual situations you are mentioning. We could imagine an LLM
         | serving as some kind of fuzzer to create a large variety of
         | prompts for the world model, which as we can see in the article
         | seems pretty capable at generating fictive scenarios when asked
         | to.
         | 
         | As always tho the devil lies in the details: is an LLM based
         | generation pipeline good enough? What even is the definition of
         | "good enough"? Even with good prompts will the world model
         | output something sufficiently close to reality so that it can
         | be used as a good virtual driving environment for further
         | training / testing of autonomous cars? Or do the kind of
         | limitations you mentioned still mean subtle but dangerous
         | imprecisions will slip through and cause too poor data
         | distribution to be a truly viable approach?
         | 
         | My personal feeling is that this we will land somewhere in
         | between: I think approaches like this one will be very useful,
         | but I also don't think the current state of AI models mean we
         | can have something 100% reliable with this.
         | 
         | The question is: is 100% reliability a realistic goal? Human
         | drivers are definitely not 100% reliable. If we come up with a
         | solution 10x more reliable than the best human drivers, that
         | maybe has some also some hard proof that it cannot have certain
         | classes of catastrophic failure modes (probably with verified
         | code based approaches that for instance guarantees that even if
         | the NN output is invalid the car doesn't try to make moves out
         | of a verifiably safe envelope) then I feel like the public and
         | regulators would be much more inclined to authorize full
         | autonomy.
        
       | ok_dad wrote:
       | I'd like to see Waymo have a few of their Drivers do some sim
       | racing training and then compete in some live events. It wouldn't
       | matter much to me if they were fast at all, I'd like to see them
       | go into the rookie classes in various games and see how they
       | avoid crashes from inexperienced players. I believe that it would
       | be the ultimate "shitty drivers vs. AI" test.
        
         | JBorrow wrote:
         | Racing and street driving are completely different. Racing
         | involves detailed knowledge of vehicle dynamics and grip.
         | Street driving is mainly obstacle recognition and avoidance. No
         | waymo ever operates anywhere close to the limit of grip, which
         | is where you are all the time when racing.
        
       | pcurve wrote:
       | Dumb question - Why would Waymo disclose this much information to
       | public and competitors?
        
         | wnevets wrote:
         | Maybe to distract from the story that they use remote drivers
         | after one of their cars hit a kid? [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://people.com/waymo-exec-reveals-company-uses-
         | operators...
         | 
         | edit: fixed kill -> hit
        
           | docere wrote:
           | The child did not die, and suffered only minor injuries:
           | https://abc7.com/post/california-teamsters-call-
           | suspension-w...
           | 
           | Under the same circumstances (kid suddenly emerging between
           | two parked cars and running out onto the street), it could be
           | debated that the outcome could have been worse if a human
           | were driving.
        
           | dan-g wrote:
           | It's awful a child was hit, but they only suffered minor
           | injuries [1]. Nowhere in your linked article does it say they
           | were killed.
           | 
           | [1] https://people.com/waymo-car-hits-child-walking-to-
           | school-du...
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | It's easier to build trust for such a safety-critical service
         | when you're more open about how it works an performs. For the
         | complete opposite approach, see Tesla.
        
         | FuckButtons wrote:
         | Given the announcement from a few days ago of google trying to
         | get external investment, this is their follow up, showing what
         | that investment is good for. Also, it's pretty light on details
         | that are of much use to competitors. "We made an accurate
         | simulation system to test our system in before deployment"
         | would be pretty mundane if you were talking about any other
         | field of engineering.
        
       | caycep wrote:
       | All this work is impressive, but I'd rather have better trains
        
         | chufucious wrote:
         | Me too but given our extensive car brain culture, Waymo is an
         | amazing step to getting less drivers & cars off the road, and
         | to further cement future generations not ever needing to drive
         | or own cars
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | Isn't a vehicle that goes from anywhere to anywhere on your own
         | schedule, safely, privately, cleanly, and without billions in
         | subsidies better?
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | I don't think individual vehicles can ever achieve the same
           | envirnmental economies of scale as trains. Certainly they're
           | far more convenient (especially for short-haul journeys) but
           | I also think they're somewhat alienating, in that they're
           | engineering humans out of the loop completely which
           | contributes to social atomization.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | > I don't think individual vehicles can ever achieve the
             | same envirnmental economies of scale as trains.
             | 
             | I think you'd be surprised. Look at the difference in cost
             | per passenger mile.
        
           | kidk wrote:
           | Billions of subsidies? Im confused you talking about cars or
           | trains.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | No major US public transportation system is fully paid for
             | by riders.
        
               | JimmyBuckets wrote:
               | That includes cars on public roads.
        
               | semiquaver wrote:
               | Yep. https://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php/Fa
               | rebox_Re... is a sobering reminder that many cities'
               | public transportation would cost $20-50 per trip if paid
               | entirely by riders and thus could not exist without
               | subsidy.
        
               | caycep wrote:
               | NYC congestion pricing seems to be working quite well
               | though, and probably helps offset MTA costs.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | NYC "congestion" pricing (actually cordon pricing) is a
               | good idea. Would be great to see more road use fees
               | proportional to use (distance, weight^3, etc.).
        
           | g947o wrote:
           | Not necessarily, and your premise is incorrect.
        
           | appreciatorBus wrote:
           | Trains only require subsidies in a world where human & robot
           | cars are subsidized.
           | 
           | As soon as a mode of transport actually has to compete in a
           | market for scarce & valuable land to operate on, trains and
           | other forms of transit (publicly or privately owned) win
           | every time.
        
           | kentiko wrote:
           | Cars don't work in dense places.
        
           | Hikikomori wrote:
           | >without billions in subsidies
           | 
           | Is there a magic road wand?
        
         | andoando wrote:
         | Ski lifts man, ski lifts all over the city
        
           | underdeserver wrote:
           | What a glorious utopia we could have
        
           | bryan_w wrote:
           | > Ski lifts man, ski lifts all over the city
           | 
           | Don't they have those somewhere in South America?
        
         | scoofy wrote:
         | As someone who lives in the Bay Area we already have trains,
         | and they're literally past the point of bankruptcy because they
         | (1) don't actually charge enough maintain the variable cost of
         | operations, (2) don't actually make people pay at all, and (3)
         | don't actually enforce any quality of life concerns short of
         | breaking up literal fights. All of this creates negative
         | synergies that pushes a huge, mostly silent segment of the
         | potential ridership away from these systems.
         | 
         | So many people advocate for public transit, but are unwilling
         | to deal with the current market tradeoffs and decisions people
         | are making on the ground. As long as that keeps happening,
         | expect modes of transit -- _like Waymo_ -- that deliver the
         | level of service that they promise to keep exceeding
         | expectations.
         | 
         | I've spent my entire adult life advocating for transportation
         | alternatives, and at every turn in America, the vast majority
         | of other transit advocates just expect people to be okay with
         | anti-social behavior going completely unenforced, and expecting
         | "good citizens" to keep paying when the expected value for any
         | rational person is to engage in freeloading. Then they point to
         | "enforcing the fare box" as a tradeoff between money to collect
         | vs cost of enforcement, when the actually tradeoff is the
         | signalling to every anti-social actor in the system that they
         | can do whatever they want without any consequences.
         | 
         | I currently only see a future in bike-share, because it's the
         | only system that actually delivers on what it promises.
        
           | caycep wrote:
           | Well then invest in those things, then. It would probably
           | cost less than the amount they're spending to make a Waymo
           | World Model.
        
             | scoofy wrote:
             | Lighting money on fire by funding an extremely expensive
             | system that _most people don 't want to use_ is not an
             | "investment." It's just a good way to make everyone much
             | poorer and worse off than if we'd done nothing. The only
             | way to change things is to convince the electorate that we
             | actually do need rules and enforcement and _a sustainable
             | transportation system_.
             | 
             | This isn't just happening in America. Train systems are in
             | rough shape in the UK and Germany too.
             | 
             | Ebike shares are a much more sustainable system with a much
             | lower cost, and achieve about 90% of the level of service
             | in temperate regions of the country. Even the ski-lift guy
             | in this thread has a much more reasonable approach to
             | public transit, because they actually have extremely low
             | cost for the level of service they provide. Their only real
             | shortcoming is they they don't handle peak demand well, and
             | are not flexible enough to handle their own success.
        
               | caycep wrote:
               | People want to use it everywhere in the world
        
               | scoofy wrote:
               | People _want_ to have their cake and eat it too.
        
           | doctoboggan wrote:
           | > they (1) don't actually charge enough maintain the variable
           | cost of operations
           | 
           | Why do you expect them to make money? Roads don't make money
           | and no one thinks to complain about that. One of the purposes
           | of government is to make investment in things that have more
           | nebulous returns. Moving more people to public transit makes
           | better cities, healthier and happier citizens, stronger
           | communities, and lets us save money on road infrastructure.
        
             | scoofy wrote:
             | >Why do you expect them to make money?
             | 
             | I don't.
             | 
             | That's why I said "variable cost of operations."
             | 
             | If a system doesn't generate enough revenue to cover the
             | variable costs of operation, then _every single new
             | passenger_ drives the system closer to bankruptcy. The more
             | "successful" the system is -- the more people _depend_ on
             | it -- the _more likely it is to fail_ if anything happens
             | to the underlying funding source, like a regular old local
             | recession. This simple policy decision can create a
             | downward economic spiral when a recession leads to service
             | cuts, which leads to people unable to get to work reliably,
             | which creates more economic pain, which leads to a bigger
             | recession... rinse /repeat. This is why a public transit
             | system should cover _variable costs_ so that a successful
             | system can grow -- _and shrink_ -- sustainably.
             | 
             | When you aren't growing sustainably, you open yourself up
             | to the whims of the business cycle literally destroying
             | your transit system. It's literally happening right now
             | with SF MUNI, where we've had so many funding problems,
             | that they've consolidated bus lines. I use the 38R, and
             | it's become extremely busy. These busses are getting so
             | packed that people don't want to use them, but the point is
             | _they can 't expand service because each expansion loses
             | them more money_, again, because the system doesn't
             | actually cover those variable costs.
             | 
             | The public should be 100% completely covering the _fixed_
             | capital costs of the system. Ideally, while there is a bit
             | of wiggle room, the ridership should be 100% be covering
             | the _variable_ capital costs. That way the system can
             | expand when it 's successful, and contract when it's less
             | popular. Right now in the Bay Area, you have the worst of
             | both worlds, you have an _underutilized_ system with
             | absolutely _spiraling_ costs, simply because there is zero
             | connection between  "people actually wanting to use the
             | system" and "where the money comes from."
        
           | caycep wrote:
           | Maybe not BART but the new Caltrain electrification program
           | seems to be a success and ridership and revenue are up
        
           | martinald wrote:
           | You're definitely right on (2) and (3). I've used many
           | transit systems across the world (including TransMilenio in
           | Bogota and other latam countries "renowned" for crime) and I
           | have never felt as unsafe as I have using transit in the
           | SFBA. Even standing at bus stops draws a lot of attention
           | from people suffering with serious addiction/mental health
           | problems.
           | 
           | 1) is a bit simplistic though. I don't know of any European
           | system that would cover even operating costs out of
           | fare/commercial revenue. Potentially the London Underground -
           | but not London buses. UK National Rail had higher success
           | rates
           | 
           | The better way to look at it imo is looking at the economic
           | loss as well of congestion/abandoned commutes. To do a
           | ridiculous hypothetical, London would collapse entirely if it
           | didn't have transit. Perhaps 30-40% of inner london could
           | commute by car (or walk/bike), so the economic benefit of
           | that variable transit cost is in the hundreds of billions a
           | year (compared to a small subsidy).
           | 
           | It's not the same in SFBA so I guess it's far easier to just
           | "write off" transit like that, it is theoretically possible
           | (though you'd probably get some quite extreme additional
           | congestion on the freeways as even that small % moving to
           | cars would have an outsized impact on additional congestion).
        
         | servo_sausage wrote:
         | Trains need well behaved people, otherwise they are shit.
         | 
         | I don't want to hear tiktok or full volume soap operas blasting
         | at some deaf mouth breather.
         | 
         | I don't want to be near loud chewing of smelly leftovers.
         | 
         | I don't want to be begged for money, or interact with high or
         | psychotic people.
         | 
         | The current culture doesn't allow enforcement of social
         | behaviour: so public transport will always be a miserable
         | containment vessel for the least functional, and everyone with
         | sense avoids the whole thing.
        
           | neysofu wrote:
           | > some deaf mouth breather
           | 
           | I quite agree with the overall point but can we leave this
           | kind of discourse on X, please? It doesn't add much, it just
           | feels caustic for effect and engagement farming.
        
           | raincole wrote:
           | Roads (cars) need well behave people too. The only way cars
           | filter some of the out is by the price.
        
         | joenot443 wrote:
         | I think future generations will resent us for bureaucratizing
         | our way out of the California HSR.
        
       | threethirtytwo wrote:
       | What if we put this mechanism of recording the world on people.
       | We have mics listening to people talking to us and noises we
       | hear.
       | 
       | Also we record body position actuation and self speech. As output
       | then we put this on thousands of people to get as much data as
       | Waymo gets.
       | 
       | I mean that's what we need to imitate agi right? I guess the only
       | thing missing is the memory mechanism. We train everything as if
       | it's an input and output function without accounting for memory.
        
       | anigbrowl wrote:
       | Seems relevant: Waymo exec admits remote operators in Philippines
       | help guide US Robotaxis
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46918043
        
       | KeyBoardG wrote:
       | and I literally just saw the other headline "Waymo says its
       | robotaxis get help from remote workers in the Philippines"
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | Meanwhile. https://eletric-vehicles.com/waymo/waymo-exec-admits-
       | remote-...
        
       | yummypaint wrote:
       | _By leveraging Genie's immense world knowledge, it can simulate
       | exceedingly rare events--from a tornado to a casual encounter
       | with an elephant--that are almost impossible to capture at scale
       | in reality. The model's architecture offers high controllability,
       | allowing our engineers to modify simulations with simple language
       | prompts, driving inputs, and scene layouts. Notably, the Waymo
       | World Model generates high-fidelity, multi-sensor outputs that
       | include both camera and lidar data._
       | 
       | How do you know the generated outputs are correct? Especially for
       | unusual circumstances?
       | 
       | Say the scenario is a patch of road is densely covered with 5 mm
       | ball bearings. I'm sure the model will happily spit out numbers,
       | but are they reasonable? How do we know they are reasonable? Even
       | if the prediction is ok, how do we fundamentally know that the
       | prediction for 4 mm ball bearings won't be completely wrong?
       | 
       | There seems to be a lot of critical information missing.
        
         | aaaalone wrote:
         | They probably just look at the results of the generation.
         | 
         | I mean would I like a in-depth tour of this? Yes.
         | 
         | But it's a marketing blog article, what do you expect?
        
           | parliament32 wrote:
           | > just look at the results of the generation
           | 
           | And? The entire hallucination problem with text generators is
           | "plausible sounding yet incorrect", so how does a human
           | eyeballing it help at all?
        
             | inkysigma wrote:
             | I think because here there's no single correct answer that
             | the model is allowed to be fuzzier. You still mix in real
             | training data and maybe more physics based simulation of
             | course but it does seem acceptable that you synthesize
             | extremely tail evaluations since there isn't really a
             | "better" way by definition and you can evaluate the end
             | driving behavior after training.
             | 
             | You can also probably still use it for some kinds of
             | evaluation as well since you can detect if two point clouds
             | intersect presumably.
             | 
             | In much a similar way that LLMs are not perfect at
             | translation but are widely used anyway for NMT.
        
         | fooker wrote:
         | > from a tornado to a casual encounter with an elephant
         | 
         | A sims style game with this technology will be pretty nice!
        
         | joshfee wrote:
         | Isn't that true for any scenario previously unencountered,
         | whether it is a digital simulation or a human? We can't
         | optimize for the best possible outcome in reality (since we
         | can't predict the future), but we can optimize for making the
         | best decisions given our knowledge of the world (even if it is
         | imperfect).
         | 
         | In other words it is a gradient from "my current prediction" to
         | "best prediction given my imperfect knowledge" to "best
         | prediction with perfect knowledge", and you can improve the
         | outcome by shrinking the gap between 1&2 or shrinking the gap
         | between 2&3 (or both)
        
         | ses1984 wrote:
         | You could train it in simulation and then test it in reality.
        
           | inkysigma wrote:
           | Would it actually be a good idea to operate a car near an
           | active tornado?
        
         | IMTDb wrote:
         | The idea is that, over time, the quality and accuracy of world-
         | model outputs will improve. That, in turn, lets autonomous
         | driving systems train on a large amount of "realistic enough"
         | synthetic data.
         | 
         | For example, we know from experience that Waymo is currently
         | good enough to drive in San Francisco. We don't yet trust it in
         | more complex environments like dense European cities or
         | Southeast Asian "hell roads." Running the stack against world
         | models can give a big head start in understanding what works,
         | and which situations are harder, without putting any humans in
         | harm's way.
         | 
         | We don't need perfect accuracy from the world model to get real
         | value. And, as usual, the more we use and validate these
         | models, the more we can improve them; creating a virtuous
         | cycle.
        
       | joshfee wrote:
       | It is great being able to generate a much larger universe of
       | possibilities than what they can gather from real world data
       | collection, but I'd be curious to learn how they check that the
       | generated data is a superset of the possibility-space seen in the
       | real world (e.g. confirm that their models closely match what is
       | seen in the real world too)
        
       | LightBug1 wrote:
       | Have been seeing Waymo test vehicles regularly around central
       | London recently, operating at speed.
       | 
       | For shits and giggles, I did stop randomly while crossing the
       | road and acted like a jerk.
       | 
       | The Waymo did, in fact, stop.
       | 
       | Kudos, Waymo
        
       | 0xTJ wrote:
       | Interesting, but I am very sceptical. I'd be interested in seeing
       | actual verified results of how it handles a road with heavy snow,
       | where the only lane references are the wheel tracks of other
       | vehicles, and you can't tell where the road ends and the snow-
       | filled ditch begins.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Do wayno models really use side cameras at only like 4 FPS?
        
       | SebastianSosa wrote:
       | Very concerned with this direction of training "counterfactual
       | events such as whether the Waymo Driver could have safely driven
       | more confidently instead of yielding in a particular situation."
       | Seems dicey. This could lead in the direction to a less safe
       | Waymo. Since the counterfactual will be generated, I suspect that
       | that the generations will be biased towards survivor situations
       | where most video footage in its training data will be from
       | environments where people reacted well not those that ended in
       | tragedy. Emboldening Waymo on generated best case data. THIS IS
       | DANGEROUS!!!
        
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