[HN Gopher] Wisconsin communities signed secrecy deals for billi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Wisconsin communities signed secrecy deals for billion-dollar data
       centers
        
       Author : sseagull
       Score  : 308 points
       Date   : 2026-01-30 13:23 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wpr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wpr.org)
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | The most important news is in the subtitle -
       | 
       | > Wisconsin has now joined several states with legislative
       | proposals to make the process more transparent.
       | 
       | Legislative or constitutional, good democratic government
       | _really_ needs limits on how much its supposed officials can do
       | in secret.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | I agree, but what do you do when people are steeped in
         | misinformation about water use and 5G signals?
        
           | nemo wrote:
           | You can tell them the truth, you could do public reach out,
           | you could do a whole lot of things. Secret back-room deals
           | deliberately hidden from the public who will (justifiably)
           | assume maliciousness just creates even worse PR, less trust,
           | and opens up avenues of corruption and abuse.
        
           | hallway_monitor wrote:
           | Doesn't everyone know that dihydrogen monoxide can be lethal?
           | https://www.csun.edu/science/ref/humor/dhmo.html
        
             | hrimfaxi wrote:
             | I can't believe this is still around. I remember printing
             | this out to show my science teacher decades ago.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Of course it's still around. They're still putting this
               | crap in schools!
        
           | throwhn1232 wrote:
           | Then you don't get to build there, obviously. "Oh they're too
           | stupid to know better, let's do what we want anyway" doesn't
           | seem like a sane solution, especially since the framework
           | would be just as applicable to actually undesirable
           | industrial plants and the like. They're free to
           | convince/bribe the people to allow it, not just push the
           | poors around
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | Secrecy needs a time limit.
        
           | hrimfaxi wrote:
           | Why do we allow municipalities to keep secrets in the first
           | place? Unless it is personnel-related it should be public. If
           | the communications happened on taxpayer funded equipment they
           | should be open.
        
             | bloak wrote:
             | They'll tell you it needs to be confidential "for
             | commercial reasons". They always do.
        
               | 9dev wrote:
               | Then you'll need to tell them democracy overrules
               | commercial reasons.
        
               | hrimfaxi wrote:
               | If corporate IT can read the CEO's emails despite
               | commercial reasons I think we the people can see what our
               | servants are doing with our equipment on our time.
        
             | petcat wrote:
             | In a lot of cases, it's the only way that municipalities
             | can submit bids for projects they want. And in the
             | commercial space the bidding process is usually
             | confidential. So it's just basically a requirement of
             | public private partnership.
             | 
             | Of course the municipality could just say that they don't
             | want the project and they won't submit a bid. That's fine
             | too.
        
               | buellerbueller wrote:
               | Municipalities should not be bidding on corporate
               | benefaction; this is exactly the opposite of how the
               | relationship between the public and private sector should
               | be.
        
               | petcat wrote:
               | > the municipality could just say that they don't want
               | the project and they won't submit a bid. That's fine too.
        
               | buellerbueller wrote:
               | The submitting of corporate largess to multiple
               | government entities for bids is (imo) a de facto hostile
               | act, and should be treated as such.
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | There _are_ valid uses. McDonalds may not want Burger King
             | to know they 're planning to build a new location in
             | Smallville, 'till they actually break ground, or vice
             | versa. Don't blabber to everyone that the City wants to
             | expand a park, so neighboring property owners will know to
             | demand top dollar. Etc.
             | 
             | But yeah - honest uses are pretty limited. Which limits we
             | can hope will be tightly enforced by new legislation.
        
               | buellerbueller wrote:
               | Tough shit, Mickey D's, that's the cost of doing
               | business.
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | Smallville is entitled to a no-exceptions policy.
               | 
               | OTOH, if Smallville seems too unfriendly to developers,
               | the latter may decide to build outside the city limits.
               | Which might become a problem over time, by holding down
               | Smallville's commercial tax base. Forcing the voting
               | citizen to make unhappy choices between high taxes on
               | their own homes, and Smallville having too little money
               | to afford nice things that they want.
        
               | buellerbueller wrote:
               | If McD builds outside of Smallville, they don't get any
               | of the services that Smallville taxes subsidize.
               | Smallville taxes serve Smallvillians, not corporate
               | villains.
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | True. But McD may decide that the services in developer-
               | friendly Small Township are just as good, for their use
               | case. And Smallville residents may be content to drive
               | another 500 yards down Smallville-Littleton Rd., to spend
               | their money at the new McD out in Smallville Twp.
               | 
               | In public policy, everything is a tradeoff.
        
               | buellerbueller wrote:
               | In which case, one might expect Borger Kong to build in
               | developer-unfriendly Smallville, because they will
               | capture the people driving outside of Smallville. All
               | your arguments are easily countered by basic supply and
               | demand hyoptheticals.
               | 
               | There is no reason that McDonald's shouldn't own the risk
               | of developing a McDonalds, and instead make secret deals
               | with local governments to offset some of that risk. Thats
               | a cost that should be borne by the business.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | Because municipalities want to be able to collaborate in
             | the early stages of a potential datacenter project, when
             | it's not fully nailed down and may never happen. A world
             | where municipalities aren't allowed to keep secrets is a
             | _less_ transparent world, where Meta dumps a fully formed
             | datacenter project on the local government and nobody has a
             | chance to suggest that residents would prefer it on the
             | other side of the creek.
        
         | imglorp wrote:
         | It's literally "we the people, by the people, for the people".
         | Except for personnel/employee matters, state and local
         | government should be completely transparent with secrets
         | explicitly forbidden.
         | 
         | Secret deals with corporations is corruption.
        
       | CodeCompost wrote:
       | > Now Meta, the trillion-dollar company
       | 
       | How is it that Meta is worth a trillion dollars?
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Turns out sucking up all the information there is and
         | displaying ads is worth a lot.
        
           | parpfish wrote:
           | That's still a little mind boggling.
           | 
           | They don't make anything or directly help somebody else make
           | something.
           | 
           | they provide a platform that can maybe sometimes nudges an
           | individual purchasing decisions in one direction.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | They capture around 15% of global ad spending.
         | 
         | $200bn annual revenue with a 5x sales multiple gets you to a
         | trillion dollars.
        
         | celticninja wrote:
         | because it is all made up
        
       | nythroaway048 wrote:
       | This is happening all over the country. This is the Disney World
       | playbook; people in these towns should understand what their land
       | is worth to companies like Meta et al, and make a decision after
       | having _all_ the facts laid out for them in public.
        
       | yunohn wrote:
       | > "I know the opponents currently disagree, but I think the city
       | acted in as transparent a way as they could," Campbell said.
       | 
       | The audacity of public officials these days is astounding.
        
       | insuranceguru wrote:
       | It's the standard municipal playbook now: obscure the deal until
       | the ground is broken to avoid NIMBYism, then present it as a fait
       | accompli for jobs. The interesting part will be the resource
       | strain. These centers guzzle water and power at a rate most small
       | municipal grids aren't scoped for. I wonder if the secrecy deals
       | include clauses about priority access to utilities during peak
       | load events?
        
         | parpfish wrote:
         | Do data centers create that many jobs? Especially if you break
         | it down by jobs per sqft, I can't imagine it compares well to
         | any other type of industrial development
        
           | infecto wrote:
           | They bring in temporary construction jobs but once running
           | they provide no meaningful jobs.
        
             | parpfish wrote:
             | If we just want to front load a bunch of construction jobs,
             | I vote for some megalithic stone structures.
             | 
             | Let's give something to the archeologists 5,000 years in
             | the future.
        
           | irishcoffee wrote:
           | They neither directly create many long-term jobs or use
           | copious amounts of water.
           | 
           | If we haven't collectively established at this point that
           | LLMs, data centers, "AI", "the next industrial revolution"
           | are created and controlled by the wealthiest people in the
           | world, and said people don't give a fuck about anything but
           | money and power, we're hopeless. The elite don't care about
           | jobs, or water. At all.
           | 
           | If I were wrong, the whole charade would have been shut down
           | after LLMs convinced people to kill themselves. We have
           | regulations on top of regulations in all corners of the US
           | because of the "Safety" boogieman.
           | 
           | I wish we had the same riots about LLMs that we do about
           | other things. If this isn't the biggest evidence yet that
           | social unrest is engineered I'm not sure what would be more
           | convincing.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | > use copious amounts of water.
             | 
             | If you're in Europe and/or using completely closed loop
             | systems, then yes. Your only water use is humidifiers, and
             | maybe the sprayers you use on drycoolers in the summer
             | months.
             | 
             | On the other hand, if you use water spraying into air as
             | heat absorption system or use open loop external circuits,
             | you're using literally _tons of water_.
             | 
             | Source: Writing this comment from a direct liquid cooled
             | data center.
        
             | basket_horse wrote:
             | > If I were wrong, the whole charade would have been shut
             | down after LLMs convinced people to kill themselves.
             | 
             | I hate this argument, and every time I see it in the news
             | it feels like propaganda to me. Everything has risk. People
             | have been committing suicide off google searches for years.
             | There are thousands of fatal car crashes a year. Does that
             | mean we should just abandon progress and innovation? Seems
             | like a fragile argument made by people who dislike LLMs for
             | other reasons
        
               | irishcoffee wrote:
               | Propaganda? Did people kill themselves at the direction
               | of an LLM or not?
               | 
               | That's like saying ICE outrage is propaganda, and is, at
               | best, insulting to the memory of those lost.
               | 
               | Brushing this point off seems more like propaganda than
               | acknowledging it does.
               | 
               | LLMs are neat tools. They can do some neat things.
               | Dynamite is also pretty cool, and it can do some neat
               | things. How many more people need to get "blown up" by
               | LLMs before we un-brainwash ourselves? At least one more
               | I guess.
        
               | basket_horse wrote:
               | Comparing chatGPT to ICE and dynamite is reaching... my
               | hunch is that most of the people who who killed
               | themselves at the direction of an LLM were already
               | mentally unstable. What about the people who were
               | planning on committing suicide and were talked out of it
               | by LLMs? Are we counting those anywhere? If it's truly
               | causing a suicide crisis I would imagine the rate of
               | suicide would be spiking. Is that the case?
        
               | irishcoffee wrote:
               | > my hunch is that most of the people who who killed
               | themselves at the direction of an LLM were already
               | mentally unstable
               | 
               | Your hunch is "meh, couldn't be helped?" :(
        
               | basket_horse wrote:
               | Yes, exactly
        
           | insuranceguru wrote:
           | That's exactly the issue. The jobs are front-loaded in
           | construction. Once operational, a massive data center might
           | only employ 30-50 high-skill technicians.
           | 
           | Compared to a factory of the same square footage that might
           | employ 500+ people, the 'jobs per megawatt' ratio is
           | terrible. It's essentially renting out the local power grid
           | to a remote entity, not creating a local economy.
        
             | jauer wrote:
             | Unlike enterprise datacenters, systems inside these
             | datacenters are tightly coupled to compute system design to
             | eke out PUE, so network cabling, electrical, and cooling to
             | a lesser degree gets reworked every 3-5 years. On a campus
             | with several data halls this means that there's work for
             | those trades well beyond initial construction. Sure, you
             | don't have the steel and concrete work happening that went
             | into the shell, but it's more than a handful of operations
             | people.
             | 
             | From the 00s to mid 2010s I did fiber splicing in factories
             | from Kenosha to Beaver Dam and even then they were fairly
             | well-automated to the extent that I'd see just a few people
             | on the factory floor moving carts of metal between machines
             | or handling shipping and receiving.
        
           | m4ck_ wrote:
           | Aside from the initial construction, you need a few shifts of
           | dc techs (for remote hands, running data cables, escorting
           | vendors), electricians, and security. Not much else really
           | needs to be done onsite.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | You might have an electrical engineer on staff for planning
             | and management but most of the actual work (and plumbing,
             | HVAC) will be contractors hired as needed.
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | > These centers guzzle water and power at a rate most small
         | municipal grids aren't scoped for.
         | 
         | Are you NIMBYing for our AI overlords which will replace all
         | the work we do and give us unlimited prosperity at the push of
         | a button?
         | 
         | This incident will be reported. /s
         | 
         | On a more serious note, when the last tree is cut down, the
         | last fish eaten, and the last stream poisoned, we will realize
         | that humans cannot eat money (or silicon for that matter).
        
           | insuranceguru wrote:
           | Ha, point taken. But the 'NIMBY' argument is interesting here
           | because unlike a housing development (which uses local
           | resources for local people), a data center extracts local
           | resources (water/power) to export value globally. It's an
           | extraction economy dynamic, just with electrons instead of
           | ore.
        
         | simianwords wrote:
         | > These centers guzzle water and power at a rate most small
         | municipal grids aren't scoped for
         | 
         | Source?
         | 
         | Here's why I think this is wrong
         | 
         | "A typical (average) data center on-site water use (~9k
         | gal/day) is roughly 1/14th of an average golf course's
         | irrigation (~130k gal/day).
         | 
         | On-site data center freshwater: ~50 million gal/day Golf course
         | irrigation: ~2.08 billion gal/day"
         | 
         | On both local and global levels - golf uses significantly more
         | water than data centres.
        
       | delichon wrote:
       | NIMBY for data centers is opportunity for SpaceX. When they
       | saturate the demand for communication, data processing demand
       | will be ramping up with no apparent ceiling. The merger between
       | SpaceX and xAI positions them to benefit both from the AI
       | revolution, and from the resistance to it. It's like a
       | hypothetical 19th century textile company that managed to profit
       | from Luddite riots by using them to help move production to Umpa
       | Loompa.
        
         | outside1234 wrote:
         | Is this satire? I can't even tell anymore. If so, bravo.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | Yep. That was my first thought when I saw the SpaceX & xAI
         | merger news.
         | 
         | https://www.wsj.com/tech/bezos-and-musk-race-to-bring-data-c...
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/01/technology/space-data-cen...
        
         | timmg wrote:
         | Do data centers in space actually make sense? I can't figure
         | out how that's possible. But some people seem to believe they
         | do(?)
        
           | janice1999 wrote:
           | > Do data centers in space actually make sense?
           | 
           | No. It's currently a fantasy. Even if the cost of getting
           | payloads to orbit decreased another x100, you still have the
           | issues of radiation and heat dissipation.
        
             | simianwords wrote:
             | this will age poorly. you have both Google, Tesla/X betting
             | on it. They are not stupid and probably have given it way
             | more thought than people's whose paycheques not tied to
             | this have thought about.
             | 
             | This is an ambitious bet, with some possibility of failure
             | but it should say a lot that these companies are investing
             | in them.
             | 
             | I wonder what people think, are these companies so naive?
             | 
             | Edit: Elon, Sundar, Jensen, Jeff are all interested in
             | this. Even China is.
             | 
             | What conspiracy is going on here to explain it? Why would
             | they all put money into this if it is so obvious to all of
             | you that it is not going to work?
        
               | MattSteelblade wrote:
               | Google is hardly betting on it; they are exploring the
               | feasibility of it and are frank about the engineering
               | challenges: > significant engineering challenges remain,
               | such as thermal management, high-bandwidth ground
               | communications, and on-orbit system reliability.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://research.google/blog/exploring-a-space-based-
               | scalabl...
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | why do you think this changes what i said? I know it has
               | constraints but the fact is that Google is serious about
               | it. Enough to publicly speak about it many times and
               | invest enormous amounts of R&D.
               | 
               | You are saying they are "hardly betting on it". This is
               | grossly false and I wonder why you would write that? Its
               | clearly a serious bet, with lots of people working on it.
               | 
               | > Google CEO Sundar Pichai says we're just a decade away
               | from a new normal of extraterrestrial data centers
               | 
               | Its surely a high risk bet but that's how Google has been
               | operating for a while. But why would you say they are
               | hardly betting on it?
               | 
               | As a counter question: do you think Google is not serious
               | about it?
        
               | MattSteelblade wrote:
               | I never said Google wasn't serious; I said they are
               | hardly betting on it relative to their other capital
               | expenditures. Google rightfully describes this as a
               | "moonshot." To date, the only public hardware commitment
               | is two prototype satellites in 2027 for a feasibility
               | study. Compared to the billions pouring into Waymo,
               | DeepMind, and terrestrial data centers, this doesn't yet
               | qualify as an "enormous" financial bet, even if the
               | engineering intent is serious.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | i agree with you then. lets agree that the intent is
               | serious.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | Everyone were also betting on quantum computing and the
               | hydrogen energy revolution.
               | 
               | My napkin math says that, for a system at around 75degC,
               | you would need about 13,000 square meters of radiators in
               | space to reject 10 MW of heat.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | why do you think they are betting on it if it so obvious
               | to you that it won't work?
        
               | madeforhnyo wrote:
               | Just because some CEOs pour billions into fantasy
               | projects it doesn't mean they're viable. Otherwise we all
               | would be in the metaverse wouldn't we?
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Sure, I don't claim all of them go well. Do you want to
               | run a hypothetical exercise on how many they get right vs
               | wrong? And based on that we can see if this is a
               | "fantasy" or not?
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | No but you're claiming "if they all are investing X
               | amount then these bets obviously must pan out". If you
               | follow that rationale then it means that all bets that
               | these company's make in the same space must all pan out.
               | So if they don't all pan out then the fact that they're
               | all making bets isn't a sound rationale for it being
               | true.
               | 
               | As others have pointed out, investors notoriously have
               | FOMO, so rationale actors (CEOs of big tech) naturally
               | are incentivized to make bets and claims that they are
               | betting on things that the market believes to be true
               | regardless if they are so as to appease shareholders.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | No, i don't claim that all bets must pan out - simply
               | that most bets are made intelligently with serious
               | intent.
               | 
               | that's the way i see this bet as well.
               | 
               | your take on investors is naive and largely incorrect -
               | its the musical chairs theory of markets.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | Because it will inflate their stock valuations? It's like
               | with fusion energy or going to Mars etc., constantly X
               | years away and currently economically unfeasible.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | why do you think their stock will inflate?
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | I'm not sure if you're joking, but "AI datacenter in
               | space" is the kind of phrase that attracts investors,
               | that's straight from Musk's playbook for keeping the
               | stock trading at ridiculous P/Es, especially now that he
               | is planning SpaceX IPO.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | why does it attract investors if it is so obvious that it
               | will fail?
               | 
               | it is a ridiculous conspiracy theory you are trying to
               | assert - musk comes up with an absurd idea that captures
               | investor's attention. its not like he wants to make a
               | good product, he just wants to fool investors. not only
               | that, he fools them, gets the money and then puts said
               | money into this venture that obviously won't work. why
               | does he waste his time into a venture that obviously
               | won't work? who knows
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | You should ask yourself this, not me, you're the one who
               | blindly believes what Musk says. He also said he was
               | creating a new political party in the US, how's that
               | going? Did you believe him when he talked about landing
               | people on Mars in 2018? It's 2026. How is boring company
               | going? etc. I think you're overinterpreting what I wrote
               | and projecting. I'm telling you how the physics works,
               | and the physics is simple here: unless you change the
               | physics or discover some exotic, cheap materials, this is
               | 100% not economically viable today or in the near future.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | So you have no clue why he's doing it? He's putting money
               | in a thing that will obviously fail.
               | 
               | Either you are way way smarter than him, or he's doing
               | this for some other ulterior motive.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | You didn't answer my questions. How is The Boring company
               | going? And in this context, you can also ask: "Is he
               | putting money into something that will obviously fail?"
               | 
               | Also, go back and read how many people who were "smarter
               | than him" there nine years ago:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14223020
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Here Bezos, sundar, Jensen all are invested.
               | 
               | On boring: it's easy to say in hindsight.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | You know why I mentioned hydrogen energy earlier? There
               | was a Financial Times article last month titled "Hydrogen
               | dreams meet reality as oil and gas groups abandon
               | projects", which notes that "Almost 60 major low carbon
               | hydrogen projects--including ones backed by BP and
               | ExxonMobil--have been cancelled" because they weren't
               | economically feasible. Space data centers are in the same
               | place today. It's physics. And none of the people you
               | mentioned have invested in this. They may be interested
               | and might research the topic, but that's not the same
               | thing. I've yet to see any plan that explains how they'll
               | replace failed hardware and manage heat while keeping the
               | whole thing economically feasible.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | ok so you are smarter than all of them? and if they had
               | put you in charge instead of the phd's, they might have
               | been better off?
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | You're using an uninteresting appeal to authority
               | argument again.
               | 
               | So let's talk physics. Are you familiar with the
               | radiative heat-balance problem? You can use the Stefan-
               | Boltzmann law to calculate how many radiators you'd need.
               | 
               | Required area: A = P / (eps * sigma * eta * (Tr^4 -
               | Tsink^4))
               | 
               | Where:
               | 
               | A = radiator area [m^2]
               | 
               | P = waste heat to dump [W]
               | 
               | eps = emissivity (0..1)
               | 
               | sigma = 5.670374419e-8 W/m^2/K^4
               | 
               | eta = non ideal factor for view/blockage/etc (0..1)
               | 
               | Tr = radiator temperature [K]
               | 
               | Tsink = effective sink temperature [K] (deep space ~3 K,
               | ~0 for Tr sizing)
               | 
               | Assuming best conditions so deep space, eps~0.9, eta~1:
               | 
               | At Tr=300K: ~413 W/m^2
               | 
               | At Tr=350K: ~766 W/m^2
               | 
               | At Tr=400K: ~1307 W/m^2
               | 
               | So for 10 MW at 350K (basically around 77degC): A ~ 1e7 /
               | 766 [?] 13,006 m^2 (best case).
               | 
               | And even in the best case scenario it's only 10 MW and
               | we're not counting radiation from the sun or IR from the
               | moon/earth etc. so in real life, it will be even higher.
               | 
               | You can build 10 MW nuclear power plant (microreactor)
               | with the datacenter included on Earth for the same price.
               | 
               | Show me your numbers or lay out a plan for how to make it
               | economically feasible in space.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | you are saying you can stop an entire division in google,
               | nvidia, blue origin with this bit of theory?
               | 
               | like all the employees had to do with read this and be
               | like: wow i never saw it that way.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | Because "investors" are a large group. Many of them are
               | not involved in the industry and are clueless about tech.
               | Same reason they invest in OpenAI, that hasn't made any
               | money.
               | 
               | Investors, both commercial and individual, often have
               | more money than sense.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Do you think investors as a large group make enormous
               | amounts of money on average?
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | I didn't say they make it. They have it, like an older
               | person who grew their portfolio over time. They are an
               | example of someone who invests in AI without knowing
               | anything about what it is.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | its incorrect - investors and wall street in general
               | _makes_ money on average.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | Well it made you invest in them.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Yes because as I said I believe it will work out, so does
               | Google, SpaceX, Blue Origin.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | Kodak made a crypto coin. Where did that end up?
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | > Do you want to run a hypothetical exercise on how many
               | they get right vs wrong? And based on that we can see if
               | this is a "fantasy" or not?
        
               | snarf21 wrote:
               | Serious question: If you are so sure that this is a big
               | payday, have you put all your net worth into SpaceX?
               | Seems like a no brainer if you fully believe it.
               | 
               | The reason for this "data centers in space" is the same
               | as the "sustained human colony on Mars". It is all pie in
               | the sky ideas to drive valuation and increase Musk's
               | wealth.
               | 
               | Just a small sampling of previous failed Musk promises: -
               | demonstration drive of full autonomy all the way from LA
               | to New York by the end of 2017 - "autonomous ride hailing
               | in probably half the population of the U.S. by the end of
               | the year" - "thousands" of Optimus humanoid robots
               | working in Tesla factories by the end of 2025." - Tesla
               | semi trucks rollout (Pepsi paid for 100 semis in 2017,
               | and deliveries started in 2022, and now 8 years later
               | they have received half of them.)
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | I have put as much money as I believe in it (risk
               | adjusted). And same goes for Google, Spacex, Blue Origin
               | and other companies.
               | 
               | This trope
               | 
               | > It is all pie in the sky ideas to drive valuation and
               | increase Musk's wealth.
               | 
               | Really needs to stop. This is based on a naive
               | interpretation of how wealth gets created. Musk has an
               | amazing reputation getting things done and making things
               | that people like. Whether you like him as a person or
               | not, he has done stuff in the past and that's reason
               | enough to believe him now.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | >Musk has an amazing reputation getting things done and
               | making things that people like
               | 
               | Are you trolling?
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Almost everyone in the industry thinks this way.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | SpaceX and Starlink are privately held.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | The demand for allocation in any of SpaceX private
               | funding raises is practically unlimited. It's just not
               | something you _can_ put your money in.
        
               | brightball wrote:
               | The thing about Elon is that he's got more than enough
               | credibility with betting on big crazy ideas that he's one
               | of a few people that you have to take seriously.
               | 
               | Tesla from LA to NY -
               | https://www.thedrive.com/news/a-tesla-actually-drove-
               | itself-...
               | 
               | Thousand of Optimus Robots...just announced closing a
               | factory to have them focus on robot production -
               | https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/28/tesla-ending-model-s-x-
               | produ...
               | 
               | SpaceX rewriting the entire economic formula for space
               | launches, accounting for almost 90% of all launches
               | globally last year, becoming a critical piece of the
               | Department of Defense while also launching Starlink
               | globally.
               | 
               | Neuralink let's people control computers with their
               | brain, even playing video games. They're working on an
               | implant to cure blindness right now.
               | 
               | https://neuralink.com/trials/visual-prosthesis/
               | 
               | I get that the man is politically unpopular in some
               | circles, but it's really difficult to bet against him at
               | this point. So far, the biggest criticism has been that
               | it took a little longer than he initially said to
               | deliver...but he did deliver.
        
           | MattSteelblade wrote:
           | Not even a little; doesn't pass napkin math. It doesn't solve
           | any problems while adding a litany of new ones: massive
           | radiators for heat rejection, radiation hardening, and
           | enormous launch + repair costs (assuming repairs are even
           | possible). The idea exists to separate investors from their
           | money; the product is the funding round.
        
             | codethief wrote:
             | I haven't done the actual math and I might be a few orders
             | of magnitude off but shouldn't electrical resistance drop
             | quite significantly in space, too? (Of course there's the
             | other issue that information processing is an inherently
             | dissipative process because entropy etc.)
        
               | cguess wrote:
               | How would electrical resistance drop in space? If you're
               | thinking "because it's cold" that's actually the biggest
               | issue. The vacuum means you can't dispose of heat easily,
               | so you need _giant_ radiators, which are expensive,
               | heavy, etc.
        
             | fouc wrote:
             | there's no repair involved. imagine a series of throwaway
             | satellites on an orbit that essentially leaves them close
             | enough together for effective mesh networking, and probably
             | on an orbit that slowly takes them away from earth.
             | 
             | the compute is used for training, not inference. the
             | redundancy and mesh networking means that if any of them
             | die, it is no big deal.
             | 
             | and an orbit that takes them away from earth means they
             | avoid cluttering up earth's orbital field.
        
               | MattSteelblade wrote:
               | It sounds like you're describing Google's proposal, which
               | I believe is at least feasible (though likely uneconomic)
               | unlike, say, Starcloud's. I don't think you are correct
               | about the orbit, though; Google's proposal lists the
               | satellites at 650 km, which would give them approximately
               | 20 years in orbit without boosts. They list estimated
               | life at 5 years given radiation concerns, so they almost
               | certainly would purposely deorbit them earlier.
        
           | jsight wrote:
           | I've always assumed that the answer to this would be no.
           | However, I also always assumed that a huge space-based
           | internet system would be both expensive and impractical for
           | bandwidth and latency.
           | 
           | Starlink has largely defied those expectations thanks to
           | their approach to optimize launch costs.
           | 
           | It is possible that I'm overlooking some similar fundamental
           | advancement that would make this less impractical than it
           | sounds. I'm still really skeptical.
        
         | mekdoonggi wrote:
         | Wouldn't it be cheaper to buy a container ship, convert it to a
         | data center and connect it to a bunch of floating panels?
        
           | gman2093 wrote:
           | Most systems use fresh water for cooling. Salt water can
           | corrode pipes and deposit sediment, but maybe there's a way
           | to use ocean water efficiently.
           | 
           | They also need to be powered and connected to a network, but
           | that seems like an easier problem.
        
             | andruby wrote:
             | the internal loop can be fresh water which heat exchanges
             | with the ocean water
        
         | sailfast wrote:
         | I wouldn't overthink the SpaceX / xAI thing. Seems to me it's a
         | pure financing play to blend two companies owned by the same
         | guy that might look meh on their own to the market but have a
         | compelling narrative about "future growth" together.
         | 
         | All so that the same guy who is already quite rich can continue
         | to run his funny-up money roll-up machine, re-capitalize on a
         | bunch of froth and leave other people holding the bag.
        
           | simianwords wrote:
           | what about Google? It's always the same tired thought ending
           | cliches - companies with "bad" people do obviously "bad"
           | thing to convince idiotic shareholders and prop up the
           | bubble.
           | 
           | i keep seeing this same repeated trope again and again.
           | 
           | Edit: Elon, Sundar, Jensen, Jeff are all interested in this.
           | Even China is.
           | 
           | What conspiracy is going on here to explain it? Why would
           | they all put money into this if it is so obvious to all of
           | you that it is not going to work?
        
         | DalasNoin wrote:
         | Space doesn't seem like a good place to build datacenters at
         | all. Cooling is going to be an enormous issue, how do you
         | disperse of heat in a vaccuum? Radiators are very ineffective
         | for cooling.
        
           | whizzter wrote:
           | Cooling is the biggest reason for space datacenters, heat is
           | movement of particles and vacuum being an absence of
           | particles, so it's by definition cold.
           | 
           | Naturally the system needs energy, the sun giving radiation
           | convertible to electricity should enable that.
           | 
           | Both parts are documented about ISS
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_system_of_the_Inter.
           | ..
        
             | delecti wrote:
             | Space is indeed very cold, but it does not cool you off
             | very quickly. The lack of particles means it's harder to
             | get heat away from yourself. Essentially all of the energy
             | produced via solar panels would be converted to heat by the
             | computers.
        
             | DalasNoin wrote:
             | It's cold in a sense that is not very relevant. Your
             | tumbler has a vaccuum layer because vaccuum does not
             | transport or absorb any heat. you need those atoms to carry
             | away heat.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | > Cooling is the biggest reason for space datacenters, heat
             | is movement of particles and vacuum being an absence of
             | particles, so it's by definition cold.
             | 
             | That absence of particles also means it is a nearly perfect
             | insulator, with almost no heat transferred from the station
             | to space by contact with space. No convection either.
             | 
             | That leaves cooling by thermal radiation, which is not a
             | very good method.
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | There is an obvious question I don't see anyone asking. Why do
       | these data centers have to be built in every state? I guarantee
       | it's not to run LLMs.
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | Same reason the F35 manufacture is awkwardly distributed
         | throughout the US - the shore up political support (voting to
         | kill jobs in your state is usually unpopular) and dip into as
         | many subsidies as possible.
        
           | brandonb wrote:
           | NASA got its support in much the same way during the space
           | race. Spreading the jobs widely is a good way to get
           | political support.
        
           | janice1999 wrote:
           | Data centers don't create local jobs once construction is
           | complete. 40 people, most remote, can run a data center. The
           | F-35 program claims to have over 250,000 people employed in
           | its supply chain in the US and has large factories with high
           | paying, often unionised jobs.
        
             | briffle wrote:
             | I hear that argument, but a relative has been an
             | elecrtrician that started out working mostly at the
             | original facebook datacenter in 2016 or so. he now owns the
             | business, and his single biggest client is still the
             | facebook datacenter.
             | 
             | Constant additions, reconfigurations, etc.
        
               | andruby wrote:
               | Should still be orders different from a the continuous
               | labor intensive manufacturing of F35's
        
               | bespokedevelopr wrote:
               | Which is a straw man no? This thread is about building
               | data centers, not F35s. Microsoft and FB aren't competing
               | against LM for land or jobs in Beaver Dam WI nor is it a
               | zero-sum outcome, both can exist ie 'manufacturing hubs'.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | It's still contract work. When it's over so is your
               | paycheck.
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | Construction is one of the jobs that's booming
               | nationwide.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | For a 100MW scale facility the contract work is never
               | over. Once you are done with one bit of work something
               | else is in need of refreshing or changing. Components are
               | breaking daily at that scale, and switch gear, UPS,
               | generators, breakers, etc. all have useful lifetimes and
               | a replacement cycle.
               | 
               | It's effectively a full time job for an electrician crew
               | or three.
               | 
               | Of course once the facility goes away entirely the job
               | does too. But so goes a factory or anything else.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | How big is the business?
        
             | ecshafer wrote:
             | In these small rust belt towns, even 40 jobs is a huge
             | boost. You have the hands on sysadmin and network guys
             | there, which yeah thats small. But you also have
             | facilities, security, maintenance. When you combine this
             | with the stimulus to the local economy through construction
             | its a positive. Sure its not a 10k person factory, but
             | there are places where the biggest employer is Walmart.
             | These places look at an Amazon Warehouse or a Datacenter as
             | being a big benefit.
        
               | its_ethan wrote:
               | I'd also chime in that the presence of a datacenter in a
               | smaller community can also help through the increased tax
               | revenue the town/county gets.
               | 
               | Likely there's some kind of tax incentive for the
               | datacenter to be built in one place over another, but I
               | have to imagine that the local county is going to net
               | some sort of increase to it's revenue, which can be used
               | to then support the town.
               | 
               | There's also the benefit of the land the datacenter is on
               | being developed. Even if that is done in financial
               | isolation from the town/county, a pretty fancy new
               | building designed for tech is being built. Should the
               | datacenter go belly up, that's still a useable
               | building/development that has some value.
        
               | chneu wrote:
               | Its not as much as you'd expect and the townsfolk often
               | get saddled with higher utility costs, among other
               | things.
               | 
               | When the tax incentive timelines runs out, the data
               | centers just claim they'll move away and the tax cuts get
               | renewed.
               | 
               | Its happening in Hillsboro, Oregon right now. The city
               | promised some land just outside of the boundary would
               | stay farm land until 2030 or later. The city reneged on
               | that already. The utility rates have also doubled in
               | recent years thanks to datacenters. The roads are
               | destroyed from construction which damages cars, further
               | increasing the burden on everyone else.
        
               | its_ethan wrote:
               | Sure, but that's to my second point of if they pick up
               | camp and leave, that's still developed property that has
               | potential to be more useful than it had been.
               | 
               | And in the same way that construction-damaged roads can
               | lead to costs on everyone else - the development of that
               | land employed people, and that is a positive thing for
               | construction workers and their families (more than just
               | financially).
               | 
               | Just because you can point at negative consequences
               | doesn't mean positive ones don't exist as well. It's
               | rarely black and white as to the net effects of things
               | like this. You could/should even be considering what
               | doing a build-out like this does for the reputation of a
               | city, and the sense of optimism it can bring to a local
               | community that might otherwise be left behind, completely
               | out of the picture. There's another world where a small
               | town appears not in an article about a new datacenter (or
               | the possible ensuing city renege boondoggle) but as a
               | small blip in a story about how small towns in this
               | country have decayed as a result of being passed by
               | during the current tech "boom".
               | 
               | It's also not all that trivial (or cheap) to just
               | transport a datacenter to another state, or even county.
               | You'd have to be pretty sure that whatever tax you're
               | trying to now avoid is more than the (potentially) zero-
               | tax new build or relocation you'd have to do to "escape".
               | 
               | At the end of the day, it's the responsibility of the
               | local government to make sure that the deal is a net
               | benefit to the community. Maybe that is too much to
               | expect lol
        
         | janice1999 wrote:
         | "We're going to have supervision," Oracle founder Larry Ellison
         | said. "Every police officer is going to be supervised at all
         | times, and if there's a problem, AI will report that problem
         | and report it to the appropriate person. Citizens will be on
         | their best behavior because we are constantly recording and
         | reporting everything that's going on."
        
         | sailfast wrote:
         | They don't, but Wisconsin is a pretty good spot for them.
        
         | drunner wrote:
         | The reason likely here is water. It was the same with foxcon.
         | They want access to Lake Michigan.
        
           | taco_emoji wrote:
           | I have a feeling the Great Lakes Compact members will have
           | something to say about this:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes_Compact
        
             | its_ethan wrote:
             | > Due to the United States Supreme Court ruling in
             | Wisconsin v. Illinois, the State of Illinois is not subject
             | to certain provisions of the compact pertaining to new or
             | increased withdrawals or diversions from the Great Lakes.
             | 
             | I mean it seems like there's already avenues to skirt
             | around this compact?
             | 
             | Also, from what I can tell, this isn't some sort of ban on
             | using water from the Great Lakes basin, it's just a
             | framework for how the states are to manage it. It is
             | entirely believable to me that this compact would actually
             | support water being used for developing tech in the
             | surrounding communities (like using it in data centers).
        
               | coredog64 wrote:
               | I can understand concerns about moving thousands of acre-
               | feet of water into the desert for cooling, or pumping
               | your aquifer dry for the same thing. But moving water
               | from the Great Lakes a few miles inland? How much water
               | evaporates out of the Great Lakes every day, and what is
               | the percentage increase when used for cooling?
        
               | beart wrote:
               | Water levels have been down for years as-is. It may not
               | seem like much now, but I think it's important to avoid a
               | "tragedy of the commons" scenario in the future.
        
               | shagie wrote:
               | It's which side of the drainage basin is the water moved
               | to? When the water is flushed back into the system, does
               | it drain back into the Great Lakes? or down to the Gulf
               | of Mexico?
               | 
               | On the southern shore of Lake Michigan, that "few miles"
               | changes the watershed that its part of.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes_Basin (
               | https://www.erbff.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2025/10/10.8.25-Gre... for a high
               | resolution map)
               | 
               | As for diversions that go to evaporative cooling, that's
               | a big question for the data center itself and there are
               | many designs. https://www.nrel.gov/computational-
               | science/data-center-cooli... has some cutting edge
               | designs, but they're more expensive to use for pumping
               | waste heat elsewhere.
               | 
               | Sometimes you get data centers that look like
               | https://www.oregonlive.com/silicon-forest/2021/11/the-
               | dalles... ... and that's not a little bit of water there.
               | 
               | While the Great Lakes are coming off of wet years ( https
               | ://water.usace.army.mil/office/lre/docs/waterleveldata/..
               | . ) that shouldn't be used as long term prediction of
               | what will be available in another 10 years lest it
               | becomes another Colorado river problem. Currently, the
               | water levels for Lake Michigan are lower than average and
               | not predicted to return to average in the model range. ht
               | tps://water.usace.army.mil/office/lre/docs/mboglwl/MBOGLW
               | L... . You'll note that this isn't at the minimums from
               | the 1960s... and the Great Lakes Compact was signed in
               | 2008.
               | 
               | You can search the database for the authorized diversions
               | of the water.
               | https://www.glslcompactcouncil.org/historical-
               | information/ba...
               | 
               | For example, Nine Mile Point -
               | https://www.glslcompactcouncil.org/historical-
               | information/ba...
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | But where do we stop with all of this endless expansion?
               | Do the great lakes have to go through an Aral Sea type of
               | situation before we decide it's time to stop? It's not
               | like these AI ghouls are shy about wanting infinite
               | expansion and an ever-growing number of data centers to
               | feed their word generators, do we really think that if we
               | just let them have the water now they're not going to
               | abuse that and that they won't start draining the lakes
               | for all the water they can manage? I'm not so optimistic,
               | myself.
        
               | its_ethan wrote:
               | I don't recall the exact specifics, but I do remember a
               | while ago there was some outrage that Nestle was bottling
               | some really large sounding amount of water (think
               | ~millions of gallons a day?) from a Great Lake. The math
               | behind how much was being used as a % of lake volume was
               | negligible (it would take ~3,500,000 years to "drain"
               | Michigan at that rate).
               | 
               | In my mind this is partly due to people not understanding
               | large numbers, and also not understanding just how much
               | water is actually in the Great Lakes. It's a huge amount
               | - Lake Michigan has 1,288,000,000,000,000 gallons in it.
               | _Every human on earth_ could use close to 10gal of water
               | per day for the next 50 years before Lake Michigan would
               | be  "dry", assuming it was never replenished. And that's
               | just Lake Michigan. (Obviously environmental systems are
               | more complicated than the simple division I did, and
               | individual water usage isn't simply 10gal a day - it's
               | just to demonstrate a point).
               | 
               | Now, someone else pointed out that the tragedy of the
               | commons is a sort of death by a thousand cuts. And if
               | anyone who shows up is allowed to draw millions of
               | gallons a day, that can add up and certainly have
               | negative effects. It's just important to actually
               | understand the scale of the numbers involved, and to not
               | let legitimate environmental concerns be cross-
               | contaminated with just anti-tech-of-the-year sentiment,
               | or political motivations, or whatever else might cloud
               | the waters (pun unintended).
        
             | blastro wrote:
             | let's hope this holds, i have no reason to expect that in
             | 2026
        
             | bespokedevelopr wrote:
             | That only means they have to be built in counties which are
             | part of that compact, or have approved provisions to return
             | the water back to be net-neutral and comply with
             | environmental impact laws (unless your Foxconn or legacy
             | manufacturer or farmer). However, Beaver Dam WI as this
             | article calls out is along a fresh water source and does
             | not require Lake Michigan water.
             | 
             | The other locations like Oracle's dc in Port Washington or
             | MS in Racine/Kenosha area are located such that they are
             | within the defined boundaries outlined and dc unlike
             | Foxconn are all 'closed-loop' which of course isn't
             | entirely perfect but certainly not on the scale of Foxcon's
             | 7mil gal/day nonsense.
        
         | threetonesun wrote:
         | I guess it's an answer to the obviously absurd idea that 98% of
         | data centers be in Northern Virginia.
         | 
         | My less snarky answer is -- we've always had data centers all
         | over the place? When I started in web dev we deployed to boxes
         | running in a facility down the street. That sort of
         | construction probably dropped considerably when everyone went
         | to "the cloud".
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | Distributing our infrastructure is a good thing.
         | 
         | Putting them all in one or two places isn't good for
         | reliability, disaster resilience, and other things that benefit
         | from having them distributed.
         | 
         | Data centers do more than just run LLMs. It's a good thing when
         | your data is backed up to geographically diverse data centers
         | and your other requests can be routed to a nearby data center.
         | 
         | Have you ever tried to play fast paced multiplayer games on a
         | server in a different country? It's not fun. The speed of light
         | limits round trip times.
         | 
         | > I guarantee it's not to run LLMs.
         | 
         | Are you trying to imply something conspiratorial?
        
         | cobolcomesback wrote:
         | It's to run LLMs.
         | 
         | In the before-AI world, it mattered a lot where data centers
         | were geographically located. They needed to be in the same
         | general location as population centers for latency reasons, and
         | they needed to be in an area that was near major fiber hubs
         | (with multiple connections and providers) for connectivity and
         | failover. They also needed cheap power. This means there's only
         | a few ideal locations in the US: places like Virginia, Oregon,
         | Ohio, Dallas, Kansas City, Denver, SF are all big fiber hubs.
         | Oregon for example also has cheap power and water.
         | 
         | Then you have the compounding effect where as you expand your
         | data centers, you want them near your already existing data
         | centers for inter-DC latency reasons. AWS can't expand us-
         | east-1 capacity by building a data center in Oklahoma because
         | it breaks things like inter-DC replication.
         | 
         | Enter LLMs: massive need for expanded compute capacity, but
         | latency and failover connectivity doesn't really matter (the
         | extra latency from sending a prompt to compute far away is
         | dwarfed by the inference time, and latency for training matters
         | even less). This opens up the new possibility for data centers
         | to be placed in geographic places they couldn't be before, and
         | now the big priority's just open land, cheap power, and water.
        
           | leptons wrote:
           | >Oregon for example also has cheap power and water.
           | 
           | Cheap for who? For the companies having billions upon
           | billions of dollars shoved into their pockets while still
           | managing to lose all that money?
           | 
           | Power won't be cheap after the datacenters move in. Then the
           | price of power goes up for everyone, including the residents
           | who lived there before the datacenter was built. The "AI"
           | companies won't care, they'll just do another round of
           | funding.
           | 
           | https://www.axios.com/2025/08/29/electric-power-bill-
           | costs-a...
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | Capitalism as we're taught from economics textbooks does not
       | exist in our reality. The theory is that sellers are supposed to
       | compete among themselves to attract consumers. Instead we have
       | local, state, and even national governments competing among
       | themselves to attract sellers. And of course political election
       | campaigns are mostly privately funded, so even the kind of
       | competition that does exist is rarely "meritocratic," and it's
       | certainly not democratic (small d). The wheels are greased in
       | various ways, with campaign contributions in office and cushy
       | corporate jobs afterward. You might say, "the public should stop
       | electing corrupt representatives," but again, our political
       | system is based on private funding of election campaigns, so the
       | system practically requires financial corruption. The political
       | duopoly is an advertising duopoly: politicians can't spread their
       | message without money, which is why alternative parties are
       | trapped forever in obscurity. Advertising is the price of
       | admission to the debate. The for-profit news media conspires in
       | this system by refusing coverage, and media-sponsored debate
       | invitations, to candidates without money, allegedly because
       | they're not "viable," a Catch-22 situation.
        
       | outside1234 wrote:
       | Someone is going to have to explain to me why anything at the
       | state or local level should be allowed to be secret like I am two
       | years old because I don't get how this helps citizens.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | It helps because the NDA enables a regulatory function of the
         | local government that they otherwise wouldn't have. If there's
         | no state or local statute that says the proponent has to reveal
         | a given fact to the local government, then the local government
         | has no way to demand it. The NDA is a negotiating instrument,
         | they get to know the thing they want to know without having to
         | go pass a law.
        
       | chasd00 wrote:
       | Ftfa " The lack of public disclosure, while relatively common for
       | typical development proposals in the planning stages..."
       | 
       | Sounds like it's not something new or reserved for data enter
       | projects only but I agree it sure seems a shady practice.
        
       | dguest wrote:
       | I'd like to hear the argument for why this is needed.
       | 
       | I can imagine a number of reasons, but this is all I found in the
       | article:
       | 
       | > If I'm a company considering making strategic investments... I
       | don't want my competition to know where I'm going, what I'm
       | doing, what pace I'm doing it at... You want to make sure
       | everything is buttoned up and bow tied before that type of
       | information is put into the public realm.
       | 
       | I'm having trouble with this. Is the worry that Amazon will
       | outbid or outmaneuver Meta? How does this work in practice?
       | 
       | Whereas everyone here seems to assume it's to avoid NIMBY. I can
       | see how a Meta spokesperson won't say "if we told you we're
       | trashing your land you'd object" but I'd hope they could come up
       | with a better argument than "your community is a pawn in a 5d
       | chess game, better that you don't know".
        
         | infecto wrote:
         | I wish I had better hard numbers on it but from my experience,
         | it's not unusual for large buildouts, say for example a
         | manufacturing plant to happen with NDAs until you get at least
         | initial sign offs. Land, county, electric grid, water etc.
         | 
         | There is a component of not wanting the competition know
         | exactly what your doing but also it's usually better for most
         | parties including the constituents to not know about it until
         | it's at least in a plausible state. Thought differently, it's
         | not even worth talking about with the public until it's even a
         | viable project.
        
           | GorbachevyChase wrote:
           | I can't give you a number, but I work in the space and it is
           | very common. It's not just industrial sites; it can just be a
           | new bank headquarters.
        
         | a2128 wrote:
         | This is a scary argument. Should we also ban car
         | emissions/safety testing, because Volvo's competitors might
         | discern something from the results? Should we also stop FCC
         | certification because competitors might glean information out
         | of a device's radio characteristics?
         | 
         | The local residents, if not the public at large, should have a
         | right to know. If not, then it should go both ways and grocery
         | stores shouldn't be allowed to use tracking because my personal
         | enemies might discern something from the milk brand I'm buying
        
           | bparsons wrote:
           | Don't give them any ideas
        
           | jjkaczor wrote:
           | Naw - corps will just get engineers to fudge the emissions
           | numbers, then they have someone low-level and easy to blame
           | and remove from the organization... VW:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_emissions_scandal
        
           | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
           | It's definitely a result of the money at play, which is
           | unprecedented in scale and (imo) speculation.
           | 
           | But this is, in theory, why we have laws: to fight power
           | imbalances, and money is of course power.
           | 
           | Tough for me to be optimistic about law and order right now
           | though, especially when it comes to the president's biggest
           | donors and the vice president's handlers.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | the building of the American Railroads were the largest
             | capital endeavor in known history IIR. .. and Stanford was
             | in the center of that, too
        
               | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
               | Ah my bad. But also, if we're comparing buildout of
               | infrastructure to the construction of the American
               | Railroad system, especially in the context of lawbreaking
               | and general immoral and unethical behavior...
               | 
               | Point kind of proven, yeah? One more argument for the
               | "return to the gilded age" debates.
               | 
               | Edit: you're speaking kind of authoritatively on the
               | subject though. Care to share some figures? The AI bubble
               | is definitely measured in trillions in 2026 USD. Was the
               | railroad buildout trillions of dollars?
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Depends on when you stop calculating, and how you exactly
               | value the work
               | 
               | By 1900 the united states had 215 thousand miles of
               | railroads https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-
               | states-histor...
               | 
               | Depend on you value land mileage and work this could
               | easily be north of 1T modern dollars.
        
               | datsci_est_2015 wrote:
               | Land value underneath railroad tracks is an interesting
               | subject. Most land value is reasonably calculated by
               | width * length, and maybe some airspace rights. And that
               | makes sense to our human brains, because we can look at a
               | parcel of land and acknowledge it might be worth $10^x
               | for some x given inflation.
               | 
               | But railroads kind of fail with this because you might
               | have a landowner who prices the edge of their parcel at
               | $1,000,000,000,000 because they know you need that exact
               | piece of land for your railroad, and if the railroad is
               | super long you might run into 10 of these maniacs.
               | 
               | Meanwhile the vast majority of your line might be worth
               | less than any adjacent farmland, square foot by square
               | foot, especially if it's rocky or unstable etc.
               | 
               | Having a continuous line of land for many miles also has
               | its own intrinsic value, much more than owning any
               | particular segment (especially as it allows you to build
               | a railroad hah).
               | 
               | Anyway, suffice to say, I don't think "land value
               | underneath railroads from the 18th century" is something
               | that's easily estimated.
        
               | tmp10423288442 wrote:
               | As a percentage of GDP investments in the railroad
               | buildout in the US was comparable or slightly higher than
               | AI-related investments. But they are on the same order of
               | magnitude, which says a lot about the scale of AI.
               | 
               | > AI infrastructure has risen by $400 billion since 2022.
               | A notable chunk of this spending has been focused on
               | information processing equipment, which spiked at a 39%
               | annualized rate in the first half of 2025. Harvard
               | economist Jason Furman commented that investment in
               | information processing equipment & software is equivalent
               | to only 4% of US GDP, but was responsible for 92% of GDP
               | growth in the first half of 2025. If you exclude these
               | categories, the US economy grew at only a 0.1% annual
               | rate in the first half.
               | 
               | https://www.cadtm.org/The-AI-bubble-and-the-US-
               | economy?utm_s...
        
           | infecto wrote:
           | What is always left unclear in these anti data center
           | articles is how much the public is left in the dark? It's not
           | out of the normal for large developments to be kept under NDA
           | until hitting a threshold of certainty, usually that does not
           | mean the residents are left out of voicing their opinions
           | before ground breaks.
        
             | cmxch wrote:
             | What kind of say do the residents have when it's nearly a
             | done deal?
             | 
             | Unless the residents have a strong enough chance to veto,
             | they're just speaking into the void as far as the company
             | is concerned.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | Typically constituents don't have any ability to veto. I
               | imagine there are some cases in CA, thinking of that
               | amusing article about an ice cream shop getting blocked
               | by another ice cream shop.
               | 
               | It's usually an indirect vote with your voice. To be
               | frank, people don't have that much of a role in what
               | business gets built if it aligns with the states economic
               | goals and zoning is not being critically changed.
               | 
               | I think the bigger discussion is if resources are going
               | to be constrained can we make sure the use is being
               | properly charged for resource buildout. It's the same
               | problem with building sports arenas or sweetheart tax
               | deals for manufacturing plants, they often don't pan out.
        
             | state_less wrote:
             | Obviously data center bidders would prefer their activity
             | to be kept in the dark, but does that make for good
             | outcomes for anyone else except the bidders. First, the
             | community would like to weigh in on whether they want a
             | data center or not, often they don't. Then if they do,
             | they'd rather have a bidding war than some NDA backroom
             | deal with a single entity. All this does is serve Big Tech
             | and Big Capital, and they don't need to run on easy mode,
             | sponging off the small guy at this stage.
        
               | infecto wrote:
               | You make this sound like a conspiracy. This is normal
               | practice in economic development, check off boxes until
               | announcing to the public. The public rarely has much
               | power in voicing their opinion but data centers are the
               | current evil entity.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | I feel like the term "community" is leading intuitions
               | astray here. The actual decision at question here is
               | whether the local government provides the necessary
               | approvals for a company to build what they want on their
               | private property.
               | 
               | It's good and proper for the government to consider the
               | impacts on a local community before approving a big
               | construction project. That process will need to involve
               | some amount of open community consultation, and
               | reasonable minds can differ on when and how that needs to
               | start. The article describes a concrete proposal at the
               | end, where NDAs would be allowed for the due diligence
               | phase but not once the formal approval process begins;
               | that seems fine.
               | 
               | It's not good and improper for the government to
               | selectively withhold approval for politically disfavored
               | industries, or to host a "bidding war" where anyone
               | seeking approvals must out-bribe their competitors.
        
               | webstrand wrote:
               | Its the same argument for high-density hog farming. If
               | the use of private property may impinge on the neighbors,
               | either through invasive noise, or costs to public utility
               | infrastructure (power, water) then the community ought to
               | have some insight and input, same as they have input into
               | whether a high density hog farm can open right on the
               | border of the community.
               | 
               | Yes some people see the datacenters as part of an ethical
               | issue. I agree its not proper for permits to be withheld
               | on purely ethical grounds, laws should be passed instead.
               | But there are a lot of side-effects to having a
               | datacenter near your property that are entirely concrete
               | issues.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | Right, and as I said I agree with that. But is there any
               | reason to worry that communities aren't getting the input
               | they're entitled to? The article mentions one case in the
               | Madison suburbs, where "officials worked behind the
               | scenes for months" and yet the residents were able to get
               | the project cancelled when the NDA broke and they decided
               | they didn't want it.
        
               | sylos wrote:
               | Why shouldn't permits be withheld on ethical grounds?
               | Isn't that just giving permission for companies to be
               | unethical and get away with it?
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | If a government wants to penalize companies for unethical
               | behavior, they should pass a neutral and generally
               | applicable law that provides for such penalties.
               | Withholding permission to do random things based on ad
               | hoc judgments of the company involved is a recipe for
               | corruption.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | I agree with you. this should be handled by the
               | legislative process. but we should also agree that secret
               | deals announced as a fiat acompli are pretty fertile
               | ground for corruption also
        
               | ajam1507 wrote:
               | Clearly there needs to be room for both things to occur.
               | You should absolutely begin with passing laws, but to
               | think that the laws on the books can cover every
               | situation is naive. When companies skirt the law and
               | cause harm, there needs to be a remedy.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | I don't agree. The benefits of a business environment
               | governed by due process and the rule of law far outweigh
               | the benefits of individual government actors having
               | arbitrary discretion to fill the gaps. As we've seen
               | clearly on the federal level this past year, once you
               | create that discretion, the common way for corporate
               | executives to "prove" that they're nice and generous and
               | deserve favorable treatment is not good behavior but open
               | bribery of public officials.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | > the community would like to weigh in on whether they
               | want a data center
               | 
               | This is the enabler of pure NIMBYism and we have to stop
               | thinking this way. If a place wants this kind of land use
               | and not that kind, then they need to _write that down_ in
               | a statute so everyone knows the rules. Making it all
               | discretionary based on vibes is why Americans can 't
               | build anything.
        
               | state_less wrote:
               | I thought I made it clear, I'm not against data center
               | build outs per se, a community might decide it's worth it
               | to build one. If a community decides to go ahead with it,
               | make it clear and open for the public to bid on it so the
               | residents get the best deal available (e.g. reduced power
               | bills, reduced property taxes, water usage limits,
               | noise/light polution limits, whathaveyou...). These
               | massive data centers are a new kind of business that most
               | communities don't have much experience with, and I doubt
               | they've had time to codify the rules. It sounds like the
               | states are starting to add some more rules about
               | transparency, which seems like a step in the right
               | direction for making better deals for all involved.
        
               | 5upplied_demand wrote:
               | The subtitle of the article tells us this is happening.
               | 
               | > Wisconsin has now joined several states with
               | legislative proposals to make the process more
               | transparent.
               | 
               | But it is a reactive measure. It has taken years for the
               | impacts of these data centers to trickle down enough for
               | citizens to understand what they are losing in the deal.
               | Partially because so many of the deals were done under
               | cover of NDAs. If anything, this gives NIMBYs more
               | assurance that they are right to be skeptical of any
               | development. The way these companies act will only
               | increase NIMBYism.
               | 
               | > Making it all discretionary based on vibes is why
               | Americans can't build anything.
               | 
               | Trusting large corporations to provide a full and
               | accurate analysis of downside risks is also damaging.
        
               | ajam1507 wrote:
               | > If a place wants this kind of land use and not that
               | kind, then they need to write that down in a statute so
               | everyone knows the rules.
               | 
               | Ironically this is a recipe for how you get nothing
               | built. Zoning laws are much more potent than people
               | showing up at city council meetings.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | > Should we also ban car emissions/safety testing, because
           | Volvo's competitors might discern something from the results?
           | Should we also stop FCC certification because competitors
           | might glean information out of a device's radio
           | characteristics?
           | 
           | In the US neither of those are generally made public per se.
           | They are made public when the thing actually passes testing
           | or certification.
        
         | Supermancho wrote:
         | > I don't want my competition to know where I'm going, what I'm
         | doing, what pace I'm doing it at
         | 
         | This is likely a misdirection. The "competition" is for the
         | water and power, ie the local communities. This is a NIMBY
         | issue with practical consequences. That's how it has been used
         | in one part of North Dakota. Applied Digital is building in a
         | town (~800 ppl) named Harwood after being unhappy with Fargo
         | tax negotiations. The mayor of Harwood abused an existing
         | agreement with Fargo, which will have to meet the water and
         | power needs of everything in Harwood.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Is this the tactic of pitting cities against one another in a
           | race-to-the-bottom competition that gives public tax money to
           | corporations?
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | Yes. The company surveyed a number of surrounding locales,
             | looking for a favorable situation. Harwood had the existing
             | Fargo infrastructure and the mayor of Harwood was happy to
             | take a payout. I think the company predation was
             | transparent.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | How is that predation if the people in that city
               | democratically elected the mayor who made that choice?
               | Isn't that representative democracy decisionmaking
               | working as intended?
        
               | kakacik wrote:
               | For such a massive long term impact, people should vote
               | directly. That's ideal, and its pretty realistic ideal
               | especially with 800 votes which are trivial to count.
               | 
               | If course its not ideal for the company investing. Then
               | the question becomes if rights/wishes of people are above
               | of those of companies. Often, in Europe they are not, and
               | often in US they are, exceptions notwithstanding.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | > How is that predation if the people in that city
               | democratically elected the mayor who made that choice?
               | 
               | Find a small town politician, bribe them. Corruption pure
               | and simple with no chance for accountability. The
               | economically strong predate on the economically weak.
        
               | yccs27 wrote:
               | It's preying on the city's desperation to get a cash
               | payout, to get space and utilities worth much more.
               | Facebook abuses its market power to pit city governments
               | against each other, while the cities don't have many
               | alternatives.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | Does the mayor sell land or electricity now? That's not
               | how one gets space or utilities.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | Hollywood in its heights also uses this kind of opportunistic
           | abuse in siting movies and TV
        
         | vasco wrote:
         | Well it makes sense for the company to demand it, but for the
         | community / municipality it only makes sense if they believe
         | someone else will sign such a secrecy deal, because if their
         | location is so good, advertising it would generate bidding war
         | and they'd get more money.
         | 
         | So it depends on the game theory but with coordination on the
         | municipalities doing it in the open should generate higher
         | demand.
        
         | buellerbueller wrote:
         | Governments should not be allowed to make deals that are kept
         | secret from the people; the government is an arm of the people.
        
         | emsign wrote:
         | Data centers raise electricity bills and use too much ground
         | water. Due to the AI bubble more data centers need to be built
         | in areas that cannot support these facilities, deregulation,
         | investor and political pressure ensures this, i.e. corruption.
         | The last remaining spots are near residential areas. So people
         | are pissed because of:
         | 
         | * noise pollution, infrasound from HVAC travelling long
         | distances making people sick
         | 
         | * power outages priorizing data centers at the expense of
         | residentials
         | 
         | * rising electricity bills
         | 
         | * rising water bills
        
           | jandrewrogers wrote:
           | > use too much ground water
           | 
           | Data centers use little water. Less than using the same land
           | for anything involving agriculture, for example.
           | 
           | The idea that a data center uses too much water is recently
           | invented propaganda that is readily verifiable as fiction.
           | Cui bono?
        
             | zoeysmithe wrote:
             | Comparing it to agriculture which has a very large demand
             | for water by its nature is very apples to oranges. We need
             | food, its questionable if we need grok taking people's
             | clothes off.
             | 
             | These data centers do come at a real environmental cost. I
             | don't think cherry picking water usage is really helpful
             | here.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | "Less than agriculture " isn't the limit on what is too
             | much. not sure how you decided that. Western states in
             | particular struggle with their water supply and should not
             | be wasting it on cooling transistors for people who are too
             | lazy to think.
        
               | coredog64 wrote:
               | Wisconsin (the state FTA) is bounded by two of the Great
               | Lakes and doesn't generally have water problems.
        
               | bargove wrote:
               | Ummm, I live in Wisconsin (since 1996), and that isn't
               | how that works at ALL.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | Can you make more substantive comments besides saying
               | "wrong!" ? I don't disagree with your claim but it's
               | extremely low effort and adds nothing to the
               | conversation.
        
             | Throaway1982 wrote:
             | Is it? It's my understanding that cooling an AI data centre
             | takes massive amounts of water. Agriculture may be worse
             | but no one is saying they want that either.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | Agriculture ships water away in the form of crops. It
               | loses water from evaporation. I think data centers use
               | closed-loop cooling. They use water but they don't lose
               | it.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | They use evaporative cooling towers because you need far
               | fewer of them. The evaporating water can be separate from
               | the main cooling loop. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool
               | ing_tower#Heat_transfer_me...
        
               | emsign wrote:
               | A few, most don't. If it's cheaper to use an open system
               | then the closed system are only built for show, to soothe
               | the public.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | Charge them more for water and electricity until they're
               | using the amount of water you think is right.
               | 
               | The fundamental problem here is municipalities getting
               | into cozy, sweetheart deals with corporations.
        
             | emsign wrote:
             | I'd rather have something to eat or take a shower at home
             | than talk to an LLM.
        
             | bargove wrote:
             | Tell that to the poor people in Mexico, where hundreds of
             | new data centers are sucking the local aquifers dry...
             | (hurting the people directly)
        
           | zug_zug wrote:
           | Yeah, if you're going to spend 100 million building a
           | datacenter you should be required to add equivalent grid
           | production in the area. It has drastically increased our
           | electricity prices where I live.
        
             | phil21 wrote:
             | Not building energy production and distribution for the
             | past 50 years is what is causing electricity prices to
             | increase. Chickens coming home to roost. Eventually you run
             | out of the previous generation's infrastructure investments
             | and cheap tricks like efficiency gains to avoid real
             | capital investment.
             | 
             | Datacenter demand has simply brought demand forward a bit.
             | This was always coming for us.
             | 
             | So long as they are paying market rates like any other
             | power consumer of their size I see zero problem with it. If
             | they are getting sweetheart deals and exemptions from
             | regulatory rates then there would be a problem.
             | 
             | The issue is lack of building stuff that needed to happen
             | 20-30 years ago when it began to be an obvious critical
             | need. De-industrialization just masked the problem.
             | 
             | If we can't figure out as a society how to come out ahead
             | with a much more robust electric grid after this giant
             | investment bubble we have utterly failed at a generational
             | scale.
        
         | GorbachevyChase wrote:
         | The elected representation agreed to this, and a with a bit of
         | imagination, you can list a few reasons for exercising an NDA
         | before a vote:
         | 
         | - Avoid the large and well-funded network of professional
         | activists in the US from sabotaging the property and injuring
         | locals - Avoid local political actors from spreading fear and
         | misinformation just for the sake of grandstanding. - Avoid
         | activist attorneys and judges from across the country, some
         | paid by competitors, to create endless frivolous legal
         | obstacles
         | 
         | We need an acronym like NIMBY but when it's obnoxious
         | progressive hedge fund managers and tech-rich psychopaths who
         | live in some toxic coastal city who don't want it in your own
         | back yard a thousand miles away.
        
           | convolvatron wrote:
           | I wish I didn't feel so compelled to wade into this comment.
           | After reading it several times I just can't make sense of it.
           | Surely its the tech-rich psychopaths and hedge fund managers
           | (I dont think of them as being particularly progressive) that
           | are asking city councils to sign NDAs and are funding these
           | data centers in the first place? it really seems like you're
           | blaming them for stirring up antipathy for the project?
        
             | GorbachevyChase wrote:
             | Larry Fink is personally responsible for more insane
             | progressive policies and pogroms in publicly traded
             | companies than any other single individual. Historically,
             | maybe Lenin was worse. Brendan Eich, father of JavaScript,
             | was excommunicated from Mozilla for having private opinions
             | not in line with the progressive ersatz religion. You're
             | not being serious here.
             | 
             | There is nothing grass roots about "AI will cause drought
             | and famine" nonsense coming from the infotainment content
             | mills. I don't blame anyone for keeping their work out of
             | the hostile press.
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | There's more to NIMBY than "thrashing your land."
         | 
         | The US seems to have a "tragedy of the commons" problem when it
         | comes to NIMBYism. Everybody wants X to exist, but X causes
         | some negative externalities for the people living close to it,
         | so nobody wants X build specifically in their back yard, they
         | want it but built somewhere else. Because the US seems to
         | delegate these decisions to a much more local / granular level
         | than Europe does, nobody has the courage to vote "yes", so X
         | never gets build.
         | 
         | Who should decide whether E.G. an airport or a datacenter gets
         | build? Should it just be the people living next to it? Should
         | it be everybody in the relative vicinity who would use its
         | services? Should it be everybody in the country (indirectly
         | through the elected representatives)? I think those are the
         | right questions to ask here.
        
           | e40 wrote:
           | The idea that data centers have to be built near homes (or
           | anywhere people live or work) is absurd. The US is huge and
           | vast amounts of open spaces.
        
             | slfnflctd wrote:
             | The people who work in the datacenters don't want a long
             | commute.
             | 
             | Also, in a remote area, the third parties the owners
             | require for continual maintenance will be fewer, take
             | longer to respond, likely cost more, and may be less
             | qualified than those you can find in a more populated area.
        
               | duped wrote:
               | Pay them more then
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | Very few people work in datacenters
        
               | sylos wrote:
               | so datacenters should be allowed to come into
               | communities, consume their resources and barely hire the
               | local populace?
        
               | e40 wrote:
               | What? A 5 minute drive is miles, and that's plenty far
               | enough. They are currently being built within 100 meters
               | of homes. It's absolutely insane.
               | 
               | EDIT: https://youtu.be/t-8TDOFqkQA?si=Qa9ot70MylFp6qkE
               | 
               | Just watch that and not get hoppin' mad.
        
             | sokka_h2otribe wrote:
             | Arguably, an 800 person town is likely quite far from most.
        
           | dguest wrote:
           | I think what you are talking about is called "tragedy of the
           | anticommons" [1].
           | 
           | Who gets to decide if an airport or data center gets built is
           | a complicated question. But there are other options to
           | keeping one party in the dark via NDAs. On one extreme we
           | have eminent domain, on the other there's just buying out the
           | local community transparently.
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_anticommons
        
             | keybored wrote:
             | "Tragedy of the commons" is suffering from people overusing
             | it.
        
           | duped wrote:
           | > Everybody wants X to exist
           | 
           | Hardly "everybody" wants AI to exist.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | An airport that services large passenger jets will absolutely
           | tank property values if you happen to fall within the flight
           | path. Yet I don't believe that owners typically receive any
           | compensation when that happens. I assume other externalities
           | are handled similarly (ie not handled at all). Then it
           | shouldn't be surprising that people don't want to be the one
           | to take the fall for everyone else's benefit.
        
         | mkarrmann wrote:
         | Idk why it's hard to believe another company would try to
         | outbid.
         | 
         | Discovering good locations for data centers is genuinely a
         | difficult problem. They're relatively scarce. Bidding wars seem
         | completely plausible.
        
           | topaz0 wrote:
           | In which case doing this in the dark is clearly bad for the
           | community -- if that location is what's scarce then they
           | should be demanding a better deal.
        
             | PTOB wrote:
             | ^ This right here.
        
         | duped wrote:
         | > Whereas everyone here seems to assume it's to avoid NIMBY
         | 
         | Literally every data center project that gets announced near me
         | gets protested at council meetings, petitioned, and multiple
         | series of reddit/bluesky posts about the project.
         | 
         | It's hard to put into words for HN how deeply locals resent
         | tech companies and AI. You could call it NIMBY, but the hatred
         | is deeper than that.
         | 
         | The sentiment is "you have enough money, go away. Your business
         | is fundamentally bad."
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | It's pretty wild. People around me are complaining that their
           | electric bill tripled and blaming data centers for it. No,
           | your rates didn't triple in the last year. Your bill went up
           | because you used way more electricity, probably because it's
           | been ass-freezingly cold.
        
             | duped wrote:
             | My rate has been consistently 40-60% higher over the last
             | year independent of weather
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Your rate, or your bill? I'm seeing people complain about
               | their bills. None of them ever come back and discuss how
               | much of the change was due to changes in their rate
               | versus changes in their usage.
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | They all blindly chant "no datacenters" across all forms of
           | social media.
           | 
           | Ironic.
        
         | eigencoder wrote:
         | Let me give you an anecdote that illustrates why it was needed
         | in Eagle Mountain, Utah. One of my friends works for the city
         | there and he told me about how the development went down.
         | 
         | When the city council first heard that Facebook wanted to build
         | a data center, they shot it down solely because of Facebook's
         | reputation. A year or two later, Facebook proposed the exact
         | same project to the city council, while keeping their name
         | secret under an NDA. Then, when the city council was only
         | considering the economics of it, they jumped at the chance for
         | the tax revenue and infrastructure investment. With essentially
         | the same exact plan as before, one of the council members who
         | rejected it before the NDA said "this is exactly the kind of
         | deal a city should take."
         | 
         | I think in many ways, these companies are fighting their own
         | reputations.
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | I wonder if they ever considered improving their reputations
           | instead.
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | > Now keep in mind that a man's just as good as his word
             | 
             | > It takes twice as long to build bridges you've burnt
             | 
             | > And there's hurt you can cause time alone cannot heal
        
               | lagniappe wrote:
               | They say trust arrives on foot, and leaves on horseback
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | "Doing that would fail to align with the company's current
             | priorities. And by the way - you're fired." -Catbert
        
           | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
           | it's worrying that they would consider something without
           | knowing who they were dealing with, economics be damned.
        
             | buttercraft wrote:
             | I'm not sure. Cities are supposed to approve or deny
             | applications based on whether they comply with zoning,
             | codes, parking, water availability etc. They can't deny
             | based on who or what the business is alone. A city near me
             | is dealing with a lawsuit for exactly that.
             | 
             | It probably varies from state to state, I don't know.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | > They can't deny based on who or what the business is
               | alone
               | 
               | They absolutely can and do this. Ask to put an adult
               | entertainment store next to a school/church. Ask to put a
               | liquor store next to a school/church. The city will say
               | no.
        
               | buttercraft wrote:
               | Right, because zoning and state laws forbid those things.
        
               | hn_acc1 wrote:
               | That's probably a zoning issue, though..
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | Cities can largely do what they want. They can deny
               | applications for whatever reason they want. Citizen
               | concerns are very important here (they need to keep
               | voters happy to keep their jobs). But their main mandate
               | is to protect the public good. If a project isn't in the
               | interest of their community, they ca deny it.
               | 
               | Whether or not it's legal is another question. And NIMBY
               | and... and... there are lots of potential concerns. But
               | this article is about Wisconsin, where the question is
               | really what are we going to do with this land and how are
               | going to power it.
               | 
               | Your post mentions a lawsuit near you. This is a feature,
               | not a bug. Even if the city is unlawfully denying an
               | application, the denial still has the desired effect -- a
               | de facto denial for the length of time it takes to
               | resolve in the courts. By dragging out the time for a
               | lawsuit to be resolved, the city hopes that the developer
               | will just go away and find someplace else.
        
           | horsawlarway wrote:
           | I'm not sure how I feel about this.
           | 
           | I think "reputation" is absolutely critical to functional
           | societies, and this feels a lot like putting a mask on and
           | hiding critical information.
           | 
           | If Facebook got rejected because people hate Facebook, even
           | when the economics are good... that's valuable to society as
           | a feedback mechanism to force Facebook to be, well - not so
           | hated.
           | 
           | Letting them put a legal mask on and continue business as
           | usual just feels a bit like loading gunpowder into the keg -
           | You make a conditions ripe for a much larger and forceful
           | explosion because they ignored all the feedback.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | Basically - the companies are fighting their reputations for
           | good reason. People HATE them. In my opinion, somewhat
           | reasonably. Why are we letting them off the hook instead of
           | forcing them to the sidelines to open up space for less hated
           | alternatives?
           | 
           | If I know "Mike" skimps on paying good contractors, or abuses
           | his employees, or does shitty work... me choosing not to
           | engage with Mike's business, even though the price is good,
           | is a perfectly reasonable choice. Likely even a GOOD choice.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > I think "reputation" is absolutely critical to functional
             | societies,
             | 
             | See the popular vote results of Nov 2024 US presidential
             | election. Reputations were on full display.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | Doesn't that further defeat the argument for secrecy
               | here?
        
           | josefresco wrote:
           | I was curious so I looked it up. Your description of the
           | events isn't quite accurate IMHO. There was an objection to a
           | Meta datacenter, but then state lawmakers passed new laws
           | after losing the business to NM. It doesn't look like anyone
           | was "fooled" by the anonymous bid but rather they simply
           | changed their minds/laws.
           | 
           | https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2018/05/22/utah-
           | county-...
           | 
           | > In 2016, West Jordan City sought to land a Facebook data
           | center by offering large tax incentives to the social media
           | giant. That deal ultimately fell through amid opposition by
           | Salt Lake County Mayor Ben McAdams and a vote of conditional
           | support by the Utah Board of Education that sought to cap the
           | company's tax benefits.
           | 
           | > That project went to New Mexico, which was offering even
           | richer incentives.
           | 
           | > Three months after the Utah negotiations ended, state
           | lawmakers voted in a special session to approve a sales tax
           | exemption for data centers. The move was seen by many as
           | another attempt to woo Facebook to the Beehive State.
           | 
           | So basically they first said "No", lost the bid, had FOMO so
           | they passed new laws to attract this business.
           | 
           | >Asked about the identity of the company, Foxley said only
           | that it is "a major technology company that wants to bring a
           | data center to Utah."
           | 
           | >And that vision could soon be a reality, after members of
           | the Utah County Commission voted Tuesday to approve roughly
           | $150 million in property tax incentives to lure an as-yet-
           | unnamed company -- that sounds an awful lot like Facebook --
           | to the southern end of Pony Express Parkway.
           | 
           | Seems like a pretty open and obvious secret.
        
             | eigencoder wrote:
             | I admit I may be missing broader context about the state,
             | this was specifically from someone working for Eagle
             | Mountain city planning. But the article you've cited is
             | later in the process than what I'm talking about.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | A palpable fear in Wisconsin is access to water. Another is the
         | potential abuse of eminent domain.
         | 
         | When Foxconn made a deal with the state to build a factory for
         | large screen TVs, water was a major part of the deal. They were
         | given an exemption on obeying state environmental laws. They
         | also condemned farms and properties in order to buy the land
         | from owners who didn't want to sell it.
         | 
         | A potential further reason for secrecy is that water use in the
         | Great Lakes watershed is governed by a treaty with Canada, and
         | the people in the Great Lakes region are quite united on being
         | protective of our water even when we disagree on a lot of other
         | political issues.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | The concern is that the sellers can ratchet up their asking
         | price if a deep pocketed buyer is known. Walt Disney used a
         | bunch of shell companies to buy up land in Florida. If property
         | owners knew he was buying, they'd ask for much more.
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | But the price should be ratchet up if the demand is there to
           | support it.
        
           | dguest wrote:
           | I think it's equal parts "who" and "how much".
           | 
           | If Walt Disney wants to buy a bunch of random houses in
           | Florida I think most people would sell them for market price.
           | But if they all know that their _specific_ house is an
           | essential part of a multi-billion dollar plan, you 're liable
           | to have holdouts.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | > you're liable to have holdouts
             | 
             | That's what happened after his shell companies were
             | exposed.
        
         | packetlost wrote:
         | This stuff is happening like 10 miles away from where I live
         | and there's absolutely a ton of local pushback, mostly
         | justified, but there's also a lot of propaganda. The pushback
         | in DeForest, in particular, got a ton of attention on local
         | subreddits and facebook groups and had a ton of drama at city
         | counsel meetings. People _do not_ want these datacenters here.
         | 
         | I'd be willing to bet it's largely driven by NIMBY concerns as
         | this type of stuff can end small-time political careers.
        
         | upboundspiral wrote:
         | What I've come to realize is that the rust belt states have
         | been in huge trouble for decades.
         | 
         | They were living in "benevolent feudalism" when GM, Ford, etc
         | all had factories there. The problem is that these companies
         | effectively owned the cities in which they operated. And then
         | they left.
         | 
         | Since the Reagan years we decided to export everything that
         | built our economy so the landlords in power could have even
         | more profitable quarters in the short term. What this did
         | however is destroy the economies of the non-software states.
         | 
         | The rust belt states are currently being subsidized by the rich
         | states. This has been going on for decades. This vacuum of
         | power has allowed the new landlords in power to swoop in and
         | play city governments against each other with impunity.
         | 
         | The negotiating power of these states is so poor that they
         | present an opportunity for the Metas of the world to make them
         | even worse while becoming the new "benevolent" landlords. There
         | doesn't need to be an NDA and secrecy, and in theory the city
         | could get a good deal out of it, but realistically their
         | utilities will just be abused because the words "civil rights"
         | and "justice" have exited the lexicon.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Sadly this is true. Already, resources have been sucked up by
           | data centers and local towns have to use bottled water and
           | pay 4x electric bill rates.
           | 
           | https://www.pecva.org/work/energy-work/data-centers-
           | industry...
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kensilverstein/2026/01/11/ameri.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://archive.ph/9rY9Z
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | What is surprising is that to me where you see datacenter
           | build out hand over fist isn't really in the midwest where
           | one might assume due to low land costs. Surprisingly, the
           | heart of the datacenter buildout seems to be northern
           | virginia. Not exactly a cheap land sort of former one horse
           | town.
        
             | expedition32 wrote:
             | Latency I guess? I'm seeing this in my own country were
             | everyone wants to be close to AMSIX. Which as you may have
             | guessed also happens to be the most expensive and densely
             | populated part of the country...
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Yep, Northern Virginia gets you close to the BosWash
               | megalopolis and pretty close to better than half of the
               | US population. It also gives you access to a highly
               | educated workforce and pretty much no natural disasters
               | of note.
               | 
               | There's also network (pun intended) effects. Northern
               | Virginia has been a major internet hub for a long time,
               | with the first non-government peering point and a bunch
               | of telecom companies, including AOL.
               | 
               | The data center land isn't that expensive anyway.
               | Northern Virginia can be tremendously expensive, but the
               | data centers are built out in the relative sticks. I'm
               | sure the land would be cheaper in Wyoming, but it's cheap
               | enough.
        
             | ahi wrote:
             | Considering the capital costs in fitting out these
             | datacenters, the land being 10x more expensive doesn't move
             | the needle much on total cost.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | Cheap land is nice, but it's not the only concern. Data
             | centres make a lot more money per square foot than things
             | like farming, after all.
             | 
             | You also want cheap, reliable power. Ideally eco-friendly.
             | And you want backbone connectivity, of course. Local
             | suppliers who know the construction and maintenance needs
             | of a data centre. No earthquakes, hurricanes, wildfires,
             | flooding, or tornadoes. A local government that won't tax
             | you too much, and that won't get upset when you employ very
             | few people.
        
           | jadbox wrote:
           | Absolutely this. It's no wonder why these states are also
           | culturally grounded in terms of "command and hierarchy". If
           | GM fires you, it's end of the line for you.. good luck
           | serving hot meals at Cracker Barrel.
        
           | rvba wrote:
           | They dont have any negotiating power -> it is a race to the
           | bottom
        
           | expedition32 wrote:
           | Unfortunately for the rust belt states data centers don't
           | bring in a lot of jobs.
           | 
           | No well educated highly paid person wants to live in the
           | middle of nowhere. Wisconsin will never be Seattle, Boston or
           | NYC.
        
           | scoofy wrote:
           | I want to step in here and point to Strong Towns. It's easy
           | to say THAT the cities have owners, but not why. The _why_ is
           | the American development pattern that creates suburbia that
           | can't generate enough taxes to pay to maintain the town.
           | 
           | That's the problem. Suburban infrastructure is wildly
           | expensive. A return to dense walkable villages would, in
           | large part, fix the problem.
           | 
           | https://www.strongtowns.org/
        
           | OGEnthusiast wrote:
           | IMO it's just regression to the mean. The Rust Belt cities
           | benefitted from being in the right place at the right time
           | (post-WWII US during industrialization) for a few decades,
           | but post-globalization they are just one of infinity
           | undifferentiated land masses competing on cost of land and
           | power (vs e.g. SF or NYC which compete largely on access to
           | social networks and institutions).
        
         | AndrewKemendo wrote:
         | > "your community is a pawn in a 5d chess game, better that you
         | don't know".
         | 
         | This is literally called arbitrage, were there is a price
         | difference between the the people pricing it and what the
         | benefit is to the people buying it.
         | 
         | If I have information that you do not have, that indicates that
         | underneath your land there is a gold mine, then I'm going to
         | offer you whatever you think you're value of your land is worth
         | without telling you that there's a gold mind underneath it so
         | that I can exploit the difference in information.
         | 
         | That's the entire concept behind modern economic theory,
         | specifically trade arbitrage. That's precisely what it is and
         | that's exactly the point from Meta.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | Secrecy in real estate negotiations is common enough that it's
         | an exemption in many state FOIA laws.
        
       | onionisafruit wrote:
       | I'm having trouble with the football-field to acre conversion in
       | this article. It talks about the complex being the size 12
       | football fields and the data center being 520 acres. I could
       | believe it if those numbers were swapped and there was a 12
       | football field data center in a 520 acre complex. So I don't know
       | if they swapped the sizes of the complex and the actual data
       | center or the author thinks football fields are much larger than
       | they really are.
        
         | irishcoffee wrote:
         | Yeah, as you say, 12 football fields are an order of magnitude
         | smaller than 500+ acres.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | For non-Americans, an American Football field is about 1-1/3
         | acres, a little smaller than a football/soccer field at about
         | 1-3/4 acres
        
           | rkomorn wrote:
           | Not sure if serious because you're converting from football
           | fields to acres, but the acre is another unit that non-
           | Americans generally don't use.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | Acres are still widely used in the UK and Ireland for
             | measuring rural and agricultural land. The legal documents
             | for the land will use hectares, but lots of people and
             | documents will use acres outside of legal documents.
             | 
             | India has has a substantial number of acre users.
        
       | timmg wrote:
       | I find it strange how data centers are getting (sorta) vilified.
       | I keep hearing stories on NPR that are kinda subtle fear-
       | mongering.
       | 
       | Like data centers are probably the least bad thing to build
       | nearby. They take in power and produce computer. No pollution, no
       | traffic, no chemicals or potential explosions.
       | 
       | They do take power. But, like, we know how to generate
       | electricity. And solar is getting really cheap.
        
         | infecto wrote:
         | Yeah it's wild to me to. Especially as I think rising rates are
         | getting misaligned with data centers. I am sure the continued
         | demand has added to some of the costs but people are forgetting
         | most of the US grid is ancient and largely neglected. When
         | building a facility requiring large electric or water usage
         | that facility is usually paying large upfront costs to get
         | connected with 10 or 20 year contracts.
         | 
         | It's a pretty unique time we live in where economic growth is
         | seen as negative.
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | Its pure fearmongering by the opposition. Before NPR became a
         | total meme, they used to be overly crunchy granola and against
         | all technological or industrial advancement. They are just
         | getting back to their roots.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Yes pollution.
         | 
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2026/jan/29/gas-powe...
        
         | agscala wrote:
         | My understanding is that they use up a lot of water and
         | electricity, driving costs up for local residents.
         | 
         | Datacenters are asking for tax breaks because they "contribute
         | back to the local economy". In most cases however, the added
         | jobs are mostly temporary (construction)
         | 
         | In short, they're asking residents to pay for some short-term
         | jobs and long-term utility price increases. A bad deal if you
         | ask me
        
         | tdb7893 wrote:
         | You talk about how solar is getting really cheap but
         | electricity costs are actually _rising_ significantly for most
         | people I know (I 've had to help friends pay electricity bills
         | recently). I don't know how much of this is data centers but
         | electricity prices are a major worry for a lot of normal people
         | and you can't just handwave it away with "we know how to
         | generate electricity" (there are also other worries like water
         | usage in some areas). I don't hate data centers but the hate
         | for them is based on them seeming to exacerbate what's already
         | a serious worry to people already struggling to afford
         | electricity.
        
           | timmg wrote:
           | But if electricity prices go up, doesn't that motivate new
           | generation? Like, it is pretty common to see prices go up,
           | then supply increase, then prices go down.
        
             | tdb7893 wrote:
             | I'm not an expert but I know that new electric capacity
             | takes a while and often a lot of investment (both in
             | generation but also people forget all the other
             | infrastructure necessary to get it to the right place, new
             | transmission lines especially have been a problem) so both
             | of those factors seem to have kept it high for at least
             | some amount of time and also it's not even guaranteed they
             | will since price increases seem to have been surprisingly
             | sticky across a lot of stuff recently. Also, not to be too
             | glib, but try the "prices will eventually go back down"
             | argument on people who have to make the decision between
             | paying for electricity or food _this month_ and you 'll see
             | how well that argument goes over. Financial issues are
             | pretty immediate to the large swaths of American living
             | paycheck-to-paycheck.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | In addition to environmental concerns (including power and
         | water usage) & noise pollution concerns, which are specific to
         | data centers, local citizens are also against the tax breaks
         | the owners of these data centers get. This bit isn't unique to
         | the data centers, and we also saw similar pushback when details
         | like this came out around Amazon warehouses. _The fact is, the
         | local communities don 't reap the benefits from these despite
         | having to shoulder the cost._ Once built, they provide few, if
         | any, jobs, little money goes back to the community, no new
         | products or services are provided.
        
         | jplusequalt wrote:
         | Data centers absolutely cause pollution.
        
         | triceratops wrote:
         | > And solar is getting really cheap.
         | 
         | Alas...
         | 
         | https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/wind-s...
        
         | gosub100 wrote:
         | I find it strange that when there is a housing crisis, they
         | can't seem to build enough, frequently because of building
         | permit refusals. But when a data centers get secrecy and fast
         | tracked before anyone can oppose them.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | Is there evidence of "fast tracking"? I'm imagining
           | permitting a green field data center build is different from
           | densification of an already populated urban place.
        
       | comrade1234 wrote:
       | I wouldn't mind if they put one in Douglas county where I have a
       | cabin. It would hopefully get some of the locals off government
       | disability payments which seems to be the main income source
       | there.
        
       | StarterPro wrote:
       | There is no need for this many data centers. LLMs are a scourge
       | on humanity as they are currently implemented, and what will they
       | do when these are no longer needed?
       | 
       | I can't wait until OpenAI, NVIDIA and Microsoft all go belly up.
        
         | spaceribs wrote:
         | I can't wait for cheap RAM and SSDs to flood the market...
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | > what will they do when these are no longer needed?
         | 
         | Bitcoin-->Altcoin-->NFTs-->StableCoin-->AI-->They'll just
         | invent something new to over-hype and spend billions on.
         | 
         | It won't end until we reach the Shoe Event Horizon.
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | I'm not sure it's that linear
           | 
           | https://www.thenerdreich.com/network-state-comes-for-
           | venezue...
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | The compute will find a use case; if the AI bubble bursts I'm
         | sure all the excess capacity will be rerouted to crypto again.
         | But also, there's still plenty of usage in chatbots or image /
         | video generation, I'm not convinced that will just stop.
        
         | GorbachevyChase wrote:
         | A scourge? I get some kind of valuable use from it almost every
         | day. This criticism sounds completely out of touch.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | > as they are currently implemented
        
             | therealdrag0 wrote:
             | As they are currently implemented, I get daily value from
             | them.
        
               | kakacik wrote:
               | At what cost? See discussion here. And who bears the
               | burden of that cost?
               | 
               | Sure you can look away from child labor providing you the
               | latest iphones or lithium mines for the same or electric
               | cars destroying pristine tropical jungles and entire
               | ecosystems, many folks do so very comfortably. Then some
               | others don't.
               | 
               | Different moral values and such.
        
               | therealdrag0 wrote:
               | Are you using a phone and computer or bank or website
               | that doesn't have mined materials?
               | 
               | Surely you use things with negative externalities because
               | you get value from them.
        
               | croes wrote:
               | Didn't know you are the complete humanity.
               | 
               | Somebody get daily value from rising food prices, isn't
               | as good for humanity
        
           | cowpig wrote:
           | You are capable of considering effects of systems outside of
           | your immediate, moment-to-moment needs?
        
             | Noaidi wrote:
             | With no disrespect to GorbachevyChase, I am going to say
             | that this lack of understanding externalities is a trait of
             | sociopathy.
        
             | simianwords wrote:
             | are _you_ capable of consdering the advantages that AI can
             | bring instead of simply focusing on the easy parts like
             | pollution and energy?
        
               | cowpig wrote:
               | AI has incredible potential for both
               | 
               | But the negatives are spiraling out of control. Pollution
               | and energy and the amplification of structural social
               | problems like wealth stratification, authoritarianism,
               | media manipulation...
               | 
               | With great power comes great responsibility, and we're
               | living in an era in which our culture has shifted
               | dramatically towards accepting immoral, short-sighted,
               | and reckless behaviour.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | you could have said the same about any technology -
               | industrial revolution, the internet - anything really.
               | 
               | always easy to talk about concerns.
        
           | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
           | Commensurate to the actual cost?
        
             | sixo wrote:
             | Certainly commensurate to the _price_. It 's up to the
             | companies to bring the cost under the price.
             | 
             | AFAICT, fears of the marginal costs of LLM inference being
             | high are dramatically overblown. All the "water" concerns
             | are outlandish, for one--a day of moderately heavy LLM
             | usage consumes on the order of one glass of water, compared
             | to a baseline consumption of 1000 glasses/day for a modern
             | human. And the water usage of a data center is
             | approximately the same as agriculture _per acre_.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I don't think anyone has a single agreed upon number for
               | the water consumption, with the higher estimates focusing
               | on a lot of wider externalities and the lower estimates
               | ignoring them, such as ignoring the cost of training.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | it doesn't have to be agreed upon but even the largest
               | estimates don't come even close to how much corn farms
               | use
               | 
               | > The water usage of 260 square miles of irrigated corn
               | farms, equivalent to 1% of America's total irrigated
               | corn.
               | 
               | https://andymasley.substack.com/p/the-ai-water-issue-is-
               | fake...
               | 
               | Roughly 1% of corn is used for actual food consumption
               | btw.
        
             | GorbachevyChase wrote:
             | Compared to the fair market cost of human labor? It might
             | be thousands of times more efficient.
        
           | mehlmao wrote:
           | Do you have children? Post some pictures of them so Grok can
           | show us what they look like unclothed and covered in
           | "yogurt".
           | 
           | It's possible to imagine LLMs implemented responsibly, but
           | our ruling class has decided against that.
        
             | bradford wrote:
             | Let's avoid falling into the trap of assuming the worst of
             | people when replying to comments.
        
           | wasmainiac wrote:
           | It's no more useful than when google and stack overflow was
           | at its peak! All I want is to find docs. The coding
           | performance is lackluster, oversold and under delivered.
           | Everything else gen AI is dystopian.
        
             | wasmainiac wrote:
             | Why not debate me rather than downvotes? Eh hallucinations
             | break my workflow and end up costing me more time debugging
             | then it's worth.
        
       | Noaidi wrote:
       | No say "nothing to see here" like giving people nothing to see.
       | 
       | Also interesting that these investors could have invested in
       | power plants to bring down people utilities but they are not
       | interested in investing in people.
       | 
       | When AI crashes these plants need to be stormed and taken over by
       | the people of the community.
        
       | lenerdenator wrote:
       | Kind of typical capital move; don't care about the opinions of
       | people in places like Wisconsin - and indeed, my area in Kansas
       | City - and instead only care about how you can squeeze profit out
       | of them.
        
       | xborns wrote:
       | I live near one of these projects by chance. It seemed like back
       | door deals for land which some happened to be sold by a former
       | Oracle exec then magically the tax district approved unanimously
       | by < 10 council people to put a tiny city of ~11,000 people on
       | the hook for $500 million dollars in tax financing for their
       | infrastructure?
       | 
       | For extra fun today the WI Realtors Association and other groups
       | are suing the city to stop an upcoming vote from an accepted
       | petition that forced approving projects over tax financed
       | projects $10 million dollars get voter approval.
       | 
       | https://biztimes.com/mmac-sues-city-of-port-washington-over-...
        
         | tart-lemonade wrote:
         | A $500m TIF district for a city that takes in $10m annually and
         | holds <$100m in assets? I've seen some really dumb uses for
         | TIFs before but this might just take the cake.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | _WI Realtors Association and other groups are suing the city to
         | stop an upcoming vote_
         | 
         | Everyone likes to complain about politicians, with good reason)
         | but we don't talk enough about the people who are trying to buy
         | them as a means to cut out the voters.
        
       | bespokedevelopr wrote:
       | I don't like that county officials are willing to sign NDAs in
       | order to bring data centers to their counties. It should be
       | public, there should be competition if it is so desirable or
       | important to be located in that county. The leaders in these
       | companies love to talk up free-market, but then do everything to
       | Standard Oil their way in.
       | 
       | I also don't understand the vehement push back against data
       | centers in WI. It is a prime location for both residents and
       | business. WI and all of the upper midwest was gutted of their
       | manufacturing in my parents time. Now companies are bringing back
       | long term commitments and the people there don't want it?
       | 
       | I can understand not wanting a data center in AZ or NM. But WI
       | has the resources, climate, and power generating capabilities to
       | support this. There is talk of bringing back the Kewaunee nuclear
       | plant even to support growth.
       | 
       | How does a former manufacturing power house state, not want to
       | bring back jobs and the tax revenue a dc will pull in?
       | 
       | One of the boomer-issues I've heard, as I characterize it since
       | it comes from my fam, is that data centers along with solar are
       | taking away farm land and they're pouty about it. However that
       | farm land is soybeans grown for export to other countries, acting
       | as a fresh water subsidy for those places. The farmers aren't
       | feeding the state anyways.
       | 
       | Most of the fervent opposition however comes from my generation
       | who are mad about AI so therefore data centers can't be built
       | because they don't like it. It isn't a very compelling argument.
        
         | Throaway1982 wrote:
         | its mostly about environmental concerns, but data centres dont
         | add nearly the amount of jobs that manufacturing had
        
           | bespokedevelopr wrote:
           | So add 0 jobs because people don't like chatgpt and it won't
           | create the same amount as 1960's manufacturing; or add some
           | jobs to rural WI?
           | 
           | You only have to look at Hermiston/Umatilla OR to see how
           | impactful data centers can be on rural communities. There's a
           | lot more than 40 new jobs there since Amazon started building
           | data centers.
        
         | GoatInGrey wrote:
         | There are many poor characterizations here. Besides data
         | centers clearly not employing the average worker, there are
         | real impacts. In Farmington, for instance, has a data center
         | planning to drain 900,000,000 gallons of water per year from
         | the local aquifer. You have instances like Granville, Ohio
         | where electric prices rose by 60% over five years after data
         | centers went in. One proposed data center in Sherburne County
         | is planning to consume 600MW of power alone (typical household
         | uses 1.2 kW). This is also as there are roughly $500 million in
         | state subsidies being drafted for these data centers.
         | 
         | So, essentially, Minnesotans are being asked to subsidize
         | facilities that will employ only a handful of specialists,
         | raise electric bills, strain water resources, produce outputs
         | many residents actively oppose, and accelerate the automation
         | of their jobs...all while the state offers ~$500 million in
         | support to these companies and nothing to offset the costs
         | borne by residents.
        
           | bespokedevelopr wrote:
           | This article is written by a Wisconsin publication about data
           | centers in Wisconsin. My comments are specific to Wisconsin.
           | Like I said in my comment, some states aren't well equipped
           | to handle new manufacturing/dc.
           | 
           | I cannot take your comment very serious when so much of it is
           | plainly wrong. You fall into the later category of what I
           | described in my original comment. Outside of reddit-sphere
           | people do not take these flippant and short-sighted comments
           | seriously.
        
       | EvanAnderson wrote:
       | I live near one of these in Ohio. The municipality entered into
       | an NDA with the buyer and the local community is having a hell of
       | a time getting answers to questions.
       | 
       | The buyer bought all the farms and homesteads in an 160 acre
       | parcel (a quarter section, in surveying terms) and paid well
       | above market rate for a lot of it. This year is a re-valuation
       | for property tax in my county and we've seen massive valuation
       | increases. There is speculation that the valuation algorithm is
       | using these "motivated buyer" sales to inflate other property
       | values even though the likelihood of similar sales occurring in
       | the future is very slim.
        
         | cyanydeez wrote:
         | They primary concern is these centers will force water and
         | energy expansions and those will be equally split.
         | 
         | Like, you go with friends to a bar, do you want your check
         | equally split or based on drinks had?
         | 
         | The infrastructure when exponentially above the norm should be
         | paid by the heavy user. Currently, most utilities dont do that.
        
           | phil21 wrote:
           | Power is metered.
           | 
           | If a facility is somehow getting subsidized by the rest of
           | the ratepayers then it's a pricing problem that needs fixing.
           | 
           | The issue is that we collectively decided to stop investing
           | in energy infrastructure for 50 years or so, and now all that
           | capital investment needs to happen at once. You can't even
           | build a transmission line in a reasonable timeframe due to
           | the insane NIMBY veto we have given everyone.
           | 
           | Typically industrial consumers of electricity with
           | predictable 24x7 demand are a good thing for an electric
           | grid. They actually subsidize the rest, and that's reflected
           | in the lower cost per watt they tend to pay the utility.
           | 
           | If the entire interconnection is simply out of generation
           | capacity that's a much larger failure further upstream by
           | regulators and voters who wanted their cake and to eat it too
           | for many years. It's coming for us either way if we want to
           | remain a viable competitive economy on the world stage. You
           | can only maximize financialization for so long until you need
           | to start actually making stuff again.
        
             | manIliketea wrote:
             | > Power is metered.
             | 
             | Yes, a portion of power is metered costs. Often times
             | (though I am not certain about this case), there are fixed
             | costs that everyone pays a chunk of. If these sorts of
             | projects aren't handled well, the fixed cost that a massive
             | data-center pays may be disproportionate to he cost they
             | incur on the system.
        
       | cyanydeez wrote:
       | Foxconn on steroids
        
         | duped wrote:
         | Foxconn was just bribery, they never planned on building
         | anything.
        
           | cyanydeez wrote:
           | Hint: Many people think there are no reasonable plans to use
           | these data centers.
        
       | almosthere wrote:
       | These data centers are causing people with specific (probably
       | autistic) hearing (disorders or specialties) to go insane. It is
       | unfortunate that these data centers are being considered by only
       | the electric and water issues, but not direct insanity that it
       | causes some residents that hear the "hummmmmmmmmm"
        
       | PTOB wrote:
       | Things like this have had me scratching my head for decades.
       | 
       | Why would local governments annex property, upgrade utilities,
       | and build new roads without moving that burden to the entities
       | driving those things? They routinely do this for new residential
       | developments in many jurisdictions, refusing to annex
       | subdivisions until the residents have paid for the utilities and
       | roads.
       | 
       | There seems to be no reason that the current residents of a
       | region should consider paying for these things to benefit the
       | owners of facilities that do not generate enough tax revenue to
       | support the added costs. Hospitals, schools, water treatment
       | facilities, roads for their own use may merit issuing bonds that
       | can be paid off based on new or existing taxes. But asking folks
       | making standard wages to pitch in over decades for a company
       | which could pay for the needed upgrades with a few weeks of
       | revenue makes little sense. It seems disingenuous on its face or
       | downright negligent at worst.
       | 
       | Does anyone have a bead on resources that could help me learn
       | more about how all this works [or doesn't]?
        
         | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
         | because these entities have lots of money to pay people to
         | convince local government that they should let them build their
         | misery factories within their jurisdictions for "muh tax
         | revenue" (that is paltry because corporate taxes end up being
         | cut in the race to attract these vampires) and "muh jobs" (that
         | usually dry up once the current thing in {industry} dies and
         | the communities get left with the refuse. see also: the
         | fracking and natural gas boom from ~20 years ago in the rust
         | belt and the midwest).
        
         | mceachen wrote:
         | Gobsmackingly poor deals made by city and town politicians are
         | par for the course, and why https://www.strongtowns.org/ should
         | be prerequisite reading for any council member, mayor, or board
         | member approving deals that impact their community.
         | 
         | It's easy to look at a glossy project 2-pager and only see the
         | immediate tax revenue.
         | 
         | It's much harder to glean a nuanced understanding of future
         | financial burdens from a given project. No company will have
         | any incentive to be forthright with that information.
        
           | PTOB wrote:
           | Thanks for that link. Great starting point for me.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Almost everything in our society should be by-right not
       | discretionary. We should make a set of rules (ideally policing by
       | outcome - e.g. x dB and y NOx) and then allow anything that meets
       | the rules. Our current approach allows for too much rent
       | extraction.
        
       | VoidWarranty wrote:
       | Wisconsin runs mostly on coal power plants. It's a terrible place
       | to build data centers.
       | 
       | My guess is that the locals have proven themselves easily dazzled
       | by the contract dollar amounts and arent thinking about the
       | future. Remember the FoxConn debacle? That was WI.
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | I was about to ask where they plan on getting the extra power.
         | They are anti solar and wind, so they will either need to burn
         | coal or import it or both (or change the laws!)
        
       | w10-1 wrote:
       | fun fact: insider trading in stocks is illegal, but insider
       | trading in real estate is not.
       | 
       | So if someone is even considering buying a big block of land,
       | anyone who knows about it can buy first in the area. That drives
       | confidentiality agreements (which increase the value of being an
       | insider).
       | 
       | Similarly, for large players to make large stock transactions,
       | proceeding through the public markets led to traders seeing the
       | bid/ask volume and act first, making it more costly. That lead to
       | dark pools and off-exchange trading, which has become the
       | majority (in dollar volume) since roughly 2024. So the "public"
       | markets are now just tracking private ones.
        
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