[HN Gopher] People who know the formula for WD-40
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       People who know the formula for WD-40
        
       Gift link: https://www.wsj.com/business/the-secret-society-of-
       people-wh...
        
       Author : fortran77
       Score  : 45 points
       Date   : 2026-01-26 21:11 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | hurricanepootis wrote:
       | Couldn't WD-40's formula be reverse engineered using analytical
       | chemical techniques? GC-MS, NMR, etc.
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | Related, somebody recently did this for Coke. There's a video
         | on YouTube (I'd link it but my anti-procrastination filter is
         | on).
         | 
         | But yes, I strongly suspect a motivated party could use
         | analytical chemistry to work it out.
        
           | pogue wrote:
           | Ha! ;)
        
           | throwawayq3423 wrote:
           | I imagine the "what's next" is the same for replicating Coke
           | or WD-40, you have a similar product and none of the name
           | recognition or ad spend.
           | 
           | Not worth much.
        
         | pogue wrote:
         | The guy on YouTube who just recreated the formula of Coca-Cola
         | with HPLC & etc should take a crack at it
         | 
         |  _Perfectly Replicating Coca Cola (It Took Me A Year)_ by
         | LabCoatz https://youtu.be/TDkH3EbWTYc
        
           | xeonmc wrote:
           | Instructions unclear. Taste-tested WD40.
        
             | guerrilla wrote:
             | It smells so fucking good though, don't you think? You
             | almost want to taste it.
        
           | cryptoz wrote:
           | The title is clickbait though, he admits near the end it is
           | not in fact a perfect replication. I could feel this of
           | course, long before even starting to watch it. Still,
           | upsetting because otherwise it's an entertaining video.
        
             | pogue wrote:
             | The main ingredient he is missing is coca leaf. I used to
             | buy Mate de Coca tea from Peru/Boliva no problem. It's a
             | decocanized coca leaf tea. Shame he didn't hunt around or
             | try harder to get it.
        
               | capitainenemo wrote:
               | He said his first order of decocanised cocoa leaf was
               | seized at the border. I can see that discouraging trying
               | again, esp when he's trying to make something others
               | could reproduce.
               | 
               | He did find a pretty good substitute for the primary
               | cocoa leaf ingredient though. Also, what he made was
               | virtually indistinguishable in the taste tests. One
               | person said that his tasted closer to the 2L of coke than
               | the can of coke did, which suggests the final bit could
               | just be carbonation level of the soda stream.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Sorta, it's a mix of mixtures of molecules so you also need to
         | consider the makeup of whatever compound it's made with (but
         | it's probably something dumb like kerosene).
         | 
         | Reality is you'd want to make something with similar physical
         | characteristics and call it a day. Kinda like how we don't
         | bother with hplc on gasoline, you just fill your car with
         | something that meets the specs and get on with life
        
           | p0w3n3d wrote:
           | kerosene
           | 
           | Like in Grog
        
         | loosescrews wrote:
         | To some extent. There are limitations on the technique,
         | including, but not limited to, not determining the relative
         | concentrations and not detecting all components. The WSJ
         | article actually links to an older Wired article about doing
         | gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy on WD-40 and the
         | results: https://www.wired.com/2009/04/st-whatsinside-6/
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Trying to come up with that would result in WD-38, WD-41, etc.
         | 
         | Can't read the paywalled article, but Water Displacement
         | formula 40 seemed to be the best of the formulas for being a
         | lubricant.
        
         | daedrdev wrote:
         | Knowing all the molecules in it might be only a minor step
         | towards actually making it, especially since some inputs of
         | production might not be present in the final product.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | It probably wouldn't be that hard. This mystique is mostly
         | marketing. I mean it's not like WD-40 has no competitors on the
         | market. It might not even be the best.
        
         | krackers wrote:
         | The components are on the MSDS (albeit only the CAS codes not
         | the specific chemical), only the percentages seem to be a trade
         | secret? Basically a light carrier oil mixed with kerosene-esque
         | solvent. I almost feel the secrecy is part of the marketing
         | ploy, since w-40 in particular isn't the "best" tool for any
         | job (there are better standalone degreasers and penetrating
         | lubricants). No one who cares enough about the exact
         | composition would bother using wd-40 in the first place.
        
       | CamperBob2 wrote:
       | _It requires a special key, nondisclosure agreements, passage
       | through a bank vault and, typically, an executive title. The
       | drinks don't flow, members don't rub elbows with notable people
       | and chefs aren't filling plates with tasty bites. The only perk
       | is knowing the secrets of the world's most famous lubricant. And
       | yet, for those in the know, there's no greater privilege._
       | 
       | In other news, WD-40 is not a lubricant.
        
         | nodesocket wrote:
         | Agree fundamentally WD-40 is a cleaner, but it does offer some
         | lubricant outcomes.
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | Yep, there are lubricants listed in the ingredients, but the
           | stuff it actually leaves behind when the volatiles are gone
           | is mostly good at displacing water (as the article points
           | out.) Very little in the way of friction reduction.
           | 
           | It also makes a superb bug killer, especially in combination
           | with a barbecue lighter.
        
             | nodesocket wrote:
             | Interesting use case. lol. I use it to remove sticker
             | residue from the insufferable companies that use stickers
             | on their products attached with super-glue like adhesive.
        
               | pirates wrote:
               | Does it work better than something like Goo-Gone?
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | I hate that. In particular, there is a special place in
               | hell reserved for businesses which put those stickers on
               | books. It's almost impossible to get some of those
               | stickers off without leaving residue or harming the
               | paper.
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | It is absolutely a lubricant - it is a combination "lubricant,
         | rust preventive, penetrant and moisture displacer". Whether
         | it's the _correct_ or _best_ lubricant for many applications is
         | iffy, but that doesn 't mean it isn't a lubricant!
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | Point being, if you're using it as a lubricant, you're using
           | the wrong stuff. What it leaves behind isn't very useful as a
           | lubricant... unlike, you know, an actual lubricant.
        
             | rzzzt wrote:
             | WD-40 is now the designation of a whole bunch of products,
             | including chain grease.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | My recent trip to the ground was sufficient proof to me that
           | even water is a lubricant.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | Depending on where you apply it, it's absolutely a
             | lubricant.
        
           | coredev_ wrote:
           | Is it? Please explain and provide sources. Just because it
           | feels like a lubricant and maybe advertised as a lubricant it
           | might not actually be a lubricant.
        
             | preommr wrote:
             | > Just because it feels like a lubricant and maybe
             | advertised as a lubricant
             | 
             | Not the parent comment, but sometimes comments are so
             | outrageous it makes me laugh.
             | 
             | Like what else do you even want at that point?
             | 
             | Source that you can put gas in your car? That pop tarts are
             | food? Like yes, it's advertised as food, I can tell it's
             | food, I've eaten it - but where is your source for it being
             | food other than all that?
        
             | dec0dedab0de wrote:
             | If it reduces friction, it's a lubricant.
        
           | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
           | From personal experience, I can count on one hand the number
           | of times that wd40 (edit: at least the canonical formulation)
           | has been the best lubricant for a given application.
        
             | convolvatron wrote:
             | for me its that its not at all long lasting. I guess it's
             | fine as a cleaner, but even light mineral oil hangs around
             | longer.
             | 
             | oh right, it also seems to leave a gummy residue, which is
             | really not great for machine tools
        
               | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
               | yeah, most of my use-cases for classic wd-40 have always
               | been getting things unstuck rather than long-term
               | lubrication. The lubricating action tends to evaporate
               | with the solvent(s) and leaves, as you've pointed out,
               | the famous gummy residue that is good for keeping
               | moisture out but not at being a lubricant
        
               | senderista wrote:
               | why not use penetrating oil?
        
             | cucumber3732842 wrote:
             | Being a recognized household name makes it infinity less
             | likely you'll have someone complaining if you use it in a
             | "nice" setting.
             | 
             | That makes it the "best" for a lot of "anything works"
             | applications.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | The WD-40 website says that is a myth, and it is a lubricant
         | 
         | https://www.wd40.com/myths-legends-fun-facts/
         | 
         | Myth: WD-40 Multi-Use Product is not really a lubricant.
         | 
         | Fact: While the "W-D" in WD-40 stands for Water Displacement,
         | WD-40 Multi-Use Product is a unique, special blend of
         | lubricants. The product's formulation also contains anti-
         | corrosion agents and ingredients for penetration, water
         | displacement and soil removal.
        
           | rpcope1 wrote:
           | Yeah and water and gas are maybe a "lubricants" too. It's a
           | pretty shitty lubricant.
        
             | cucumber3732842 wrote:
             | Lubricates well enough for 99% of the homeowner things it
             | gets used for.
        
           | CobrastanJorji wrote:
           | "WD-40 Multi-Use Product is a...blend of lubricants"
           | 
           | How does the author of that fun facts page know this for
           | sure? I just heard that only executives get to see the
           | ingredient list. Is this fun fact author an executive?
        
           | Modified3019 wrote:
           | Sure, and sand is a lubricant in the right scenario. This of
           | course completely misses the point.
           | 
           | Anyone who actually use wd40 will eventually notice it not
           | only has poor ability to stick around under load, but also
           | likes to oxidize, forming a varnish or horrible goo depending
           | on how thick it was left on. While this doesn't matter (or is
           | even desirable) for loosening a bolt, it's a poor choice on
           | tools, hinges, etc.
           | 
           | If long term lubrication is needed, then people should just
           | use an appropriate grease or a non-oxidating* oil meant for
           | staying around and lubricating.
           | 
           | *Plant based oils generally contain high amounts of
           | polyunsaturated fats, which love to oxidize. Great for
           | seasoning cast iron, but bad for other things. The
           | goo/lacquer you get on kitchen pans and around the oven is
           | oxidized fats linking together. There are rare exceptions to
           | plant based oils being a bad idea for lubrication, involving
           | genetic modification to produce mostly monounsaturated fats
           | and further processing, like with alg's "go juice".
        
         | zzless wrote:
         | I am not sure why you are being downvoted but you are
         | absolutely right: it is even in the name (WD stands for 'Water
         | Displacement'). My reaction to this article was a huge: 'why?'.
         | WD-40 is at best mediocre at everything it is used for. Wurth
         | makes much more capable compounds for the came purposes. Their
         | penetrating oil is unmatched. I guess as part of the popular
         | culture, WD-40 has its value but I am not sure its chemical
         | properties are all that unique.
        
         | copperx wrote:
         | It IS a lubricant, although not a very good one.
        
         | PyWoody wrote:
         | 3-in-1 is the best bang for the buck lubricant. I use it
         | everywhere. Well, not for that, but for everything else.
        
         | caminante wrote:
         | It's definitely a lubricant.
         | 
         | See their old school ad campaign
         | 
         |  _> Do you have tight nuts or a rusty tool?_ [0]
         | 
         | [0] https://thedutchluthier.wordpress.com/2016/09/13/tight-
         | nuts-...
        
       | notpushkin wrote:
       | > Gift link
       | 
       | I think it's okay to share the gift link as canonical. It's the
       | usual practice of sharing articles from LWN here, for example.
        
       | parliament32 wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/kfzIc
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | How to tell you didn't even read the submission you're
         | commenting on.
        
           | dwedge wrote:
           | It's the same article without the pay wall
        
           | treesknees wrote:
           | The actual submission link isn't using the gift link. And
           | "reading" the submission doesn't reveal the end of the URL
           | with the gift access token.
        
           | joshstrange wrote:
           | I don't know if that's really fair. It's much more rare for
           | HN link posts to have bodies and this one is a single line of
           | the gift link. Yes, that gift link works today but it's also
           | completely reasonable to post the archive link.
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | Does article go into how it is manufactured without anybody
       | knowing? Some manufacturing engineers somewhere must know.
       | 
       | Unless they have own refining facility, and it is more like a
       | recipe of temperatures/pressures.
        
       | dantiberian wrote:
       | I'd be very interested to know how they produce it if the formula
       | is so tightly held. At some point people need to be purchasing
       | the ingredients and mixing them together.
        
         | nu11ptr wrote:
         | Exactly what I was thinking. I mean how can you produce
         | something, esp. in bulk, when the exact ingredients and
         | quantities aren't known? Assuming it is made in a typical
         | factory, the machines would have to be programmed and that
         | would typically mean someone has to know. I wonder if they
         | split the knowledge over several different groups so a group
         | only knows a single piece? Hmm....
        
           | fabiensanglard wrote:
           | This is how they do it. There was a documentary about coca-
           | cola and they explained that they completely separated the
           | supply pipeline. Operators manipulate unlabelled sources
           | coming from separate parts of the company.
        
             | atombender wrote:
             | It's a myth that Coca-Cola is a closely held secret,
             | though. Any food flavoring specialist can reconstruct the
             | flavor of Coke almost exactly.
             | 
             | A few years ago I (not a specialist!) made lots of batches
             | of OpenCola, which is based partly on the original
             | Pemberton recipe, and it comes so close that nobody could
             | realistically tell the difference. If anything, it tastes
             | better, because I imagine Coke doesn't use fresh, expensive
             | essential oils (like neroli) for everything.
             | 
             | The tricky piece that nobody else can do is the caffeine
             | derived from coca leaves. Only Coke has the license to do
             | this, and from what I gather, a tiny, tiny bit of the
             | flavour does come from that.
        
               | addaon wrote:
               | > caffeine derived from coca leaves
               | 
               | Coca leaves contain various alkaloids, but not caffeine.
               | Coca Cola gets its caffeine from (traditionally) kola
               | nuts, and (today, presumedly) the usual industrial
               | sources.
        
           | sieep wrote:
           | Ive heard from others that this is how defense software
           | engineering goes.
           | 
           | You write code for a certain part/spec that could go on a
           | number of things (missle, airplane, etc). You dont know if
           | your code will be used in a missile or not.
        
         | awesome_dude wrote:
         | A fairly obvious solution (IMO) would be to have multiple
         | people buying the ingredients, some even buying unused
         | ingredients. That would cover purchasing.
         | 
         | The mixing, again, spreading it out, have factory A mix
         | ingredients x, y, and z, factory B mix ingredients Alpha, Beta,
         | Gamma, and factory C mix factory A and B's mixtures.
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | You could say the same about cryptographic signatures where
         | each party only knows a part of the key, yet those all work
         | fine. You could probably piece together the formula by a sum of
         | some employees and some external suppliers if everyone broke
         | their NDA, but if people keep their word, your factories could
         | just as well see shipments of "Ingredient A" and the worker
         | only knows how much to add to each batch.
        
           | mulmen wrote:
           | I wonder how much information leaks through something like
           | Material Safety Data Sheets.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Real life ain't abstract math. You have MSDS 'mulmen
           | mentioned, but I also can't imagine any factory being able to
           | just mix shipments of ingredients "A", "B", "C", etc. without
           | the actual content being documented on purchase orders, OSHA
           | reviews, etc. _You_ may want to operate in secret, but at the
           | very least, the taxman _really_ wants to know if you aren 't
           | skimping on your dues, so there should be plenty of relevant
           | documents in circulation.
        
         | supern0va wrote:
         | It's possible to separate out these tasks such that no single
         | person or group has every needed piece of the puzzle.
         | 
         | The Carthusian monks who produce Chartreuse (a collection of
         | herbal liqueurs popular for use in cocktails) have been
         | producing it and protecting the secret 130 ingredient recipe
         | for over 400 years successfully. At any given time no more than
         | three of the monks hold the entire recipe, and yet they have a
         | company they have formed to execute most of the production
         | without the secret being leaked.
         | 
         | The designated monks coordinate production and are involved in
         | QC, as well as developing new blends for special releases, but
         | much production is done by paid employees who do not know the
         | complete recipe.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartreuse_(liqueur)
        
       | lgleason wrote:
       | and yet their revenues are not even 1 billion.
        
       | CAP_NET_ADMIN wrote:
       | WD-40 is not really that great at anything, people buy the brand
       | name, that's it. The formule being public probably wouldn't
       | change much
        
         | OutOfHere wrote:
         | It probably contains PFAS too which probably makes it
         | altogether hazardous to spray at all. Also, I suspect that
         | breathing its ambient vapor while spraying it is is bad for the
         | body and brain.
         | 
         | Canola oil works super well in practice without any of these
         | risks.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | WD-40 classic does not contain PFAS. Which is not to say you
           | should breath it in.
           | 
           | > Canola oil works super well in practice without any of
           | these risks.
           | 
           | I cannot advise enough against using canola oil for most
           | lubrication purposes. It's biodegradable and will break down
           | (good for some applications) but for the most part oil
           | breaking down is a bad thing if you want to keep something
           | well maintained. It would gum up over time, start reacting
           | chemically with dust or other chemicals, and potentially even
           | cause damage. Especially if you lubricate to prevent rust.
           | 
           | Also, in the context of breaking loose bolts, oil alone
           | doesn't have any capacity to break up or penetrate rust.
        
           | OneDeuxTriSeiGo wrote:
           | Do not use canola oil for most lubrication tasks. You should
           | almost always be using lithium grease.
           | 
           | Spray on white lithium grease works for most "architectural"
           | or furniture uses (ex: door hinges, gas springs on chairs,
           | garage door rails and chain, etc).
           | 
           | For anything constantly moving (ex: gearboxes or bearings)
           | you want a more viscous lithium grease (ex: red n tacky or
           | lucas xtra/green).
           | 
           | But in pretty much every situation (on land) you want to be
           | using a form of lithium grease if you want to actually keep
           | the interface lubricated.
        
       | joshstrange wrote:
       | Maybe I'm just a fuddy-duddy but my eyes about rolled out of my
       | head reading this. The same article could probably be written
       | about multiple companies and it'd be just as uninteresting. It's
       | my understanding that there isn't anything special about WD-40,
       | as in alternatives exist that can work just as well. Now, I think
       | WD-40 is a brand name that can be trusted to work well more often
       | than most alternatives but that is more about process than recipe
       | (I would think).
       | 
       | I've long thought that every restaurant/bakery/etc could publish
       | their full internal cookbooks and not see a drop in sales. People
       | don't buy it because they are incapable (or think they are) of
       | making something, they do it because it's faster, they don't have
       | all the ingredients, they don't have the time, they don't have
       | the skill, the list goes on. I bet I could give the instructions,
       | the equipment, and the ingredients to people and they'd still
       | choose to buy it. Sure, you might lose a tiny bit of sales to
       | "home bakers" [0] but I think it'd be eclipsed by people that
       | saw/read/heard about the cookbook (maybe never even saw it) and
       | that was enough "marketing" to get them in the door.
       | 
       | I've always found "secret knowledge" to be a little silly. A sort
       | of, security through obscurity. Knowing a recipe doesn't make you
       | special, being able to build/run a company around it and make it
       | consistently good does.
       | 
       | [0] I love to cook, I sometimes like making copy-cat recipes. I
       | cannot think of a copy-cat recipe that I made more than 2-3
       | times. While it's fun to do, it's never exactly the same, and I
       | also believe that "food tastes better when someone else makes
       | it". Also it can sometimes be just-as or more expensive to make
       | some food items due to needing a bunch of ingredients that they
       | don't sell in exactly the quantity the recipe calls for.
        
       | TheJoeMan wrote:
       | As an alternative for better lubrication of two-metals-rubbing
       | together (door hinges, simple tools, etc) I use Tri-Flow because
       | it has PTFE that stays as a white powder. If you have a stuck
       | bolt, PBBlaster wicks into the threads better. And if you have
       | sticker glue, use GooGone.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | If it wasn't eminently obvious, most of these "secrecy" programs
       | are marketing fluff.
       | 
       | The actual ingredients are literally on the safety data sheet:
       | https://files.wd40.com/pdf/sds/mup/wd-40-multi-use-product-a...
       | 
       | The company can brag that their formulation has a special blend
       | of herbs and spices, but someone who wants to can obviously make
       | their own special formulation and say that theirs is secret too.
       | 
       | More importantly, the proof of the pudding is in the eating. And
       | there is nothing particularly special about WD-40's formulation
       | anymore. WD-40 consistently performs worse than nearly any other
       | available penetrating oil.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUEob2oAKVs It's a _terrible_
       | long term lubricant (because it 's designed to evaporate, it
       | actually concentrates gunk and grime).
       | 
       | WD-40 themselves have come out with improved "Specialist"
       | formulations that mostly just copy other, superior products.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | > WD-40 consistently performs worse than nearly any other
         | available penetrating oil.
         | 
         | The video's test showed wd-40 worked slightly better than kroil
         | and pb blaster, which all performed in the same range, being
         | not much better than nothing. That's particularly interesting
         | because of how often kroil/pb come up as recommendations to use
         | instead of wd...
         | 
         | Acetone+atf did better and liquid wrench penetrating fluid did
         | the best, but *nothing* beats heat.
        
         | Loughla wrote:
         | WD-40's advantage is that it's not terrible to get on your skin
         | when you're out working, and it's cheap.
         | 
         | The people who use it are looking for cheap, mostly.
         | 
         | Source: farming. We have many different lubes and penetrating
         | products for when we're in the actual shop, but in the field,
         | nothing beats wd-40 for getting back to work fast, or
         | unsticking some shit when all you have is a hammer and you just
         | know when that fucking bolt comes loose it's going to throw
         | rust and dirt all over your face.
        
       | senderista wrote:
       | In the PNW at least there's a cult application of WD-40 as a fish
       | attractant (applied to lures). Not sure if anyone's done any sort
       | of controlled trial but lots of folks have sworn by it for
       | decades.
        
       | senderista wrote:
       | Personally I use Ballistol, silicone lube, graphite lube, and
       | penetrating oil for all the applications WD-40 is marketed for.
        
       | singleshot_ wrote:
       | > the lubricant
       | 
       | Are you absolutely, positively kidding me?
        
       | htrp wrote:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDkH3EbWTYc
       | 
       | Relevant video on someone reverse engineering the formula for
       | coca cola
        
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