[HN Gopher] The Adolescence of Technology
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Adolescence of Technology
        
       Author : jasondavies
       Score  : 105 points
       Date   : 2026-01-26 17:07 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.darioamodei.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.darioamodei.com)
        
       | Balgair wrote:
       | Initial thought about 1/5th of the way through: Wow, that's a lot
       | of em-dashes! i wonder how much of this he actually wrote?
       | 
       | Edit:
       | 
       | Okay, section 3 has some interesting bits in it. It reminds me of
       | all those gun start-ups in Texas that use gyros and image
       | recognition to turn a C- shooter into an A- shooter. They all
       | typically get bought up quite fast by the government and the tech
       | shushed away. But the ideas are just too easy now to implement
       | these days. Especially with robots and garage level
       | manufacturing, people can pretty much do what they want. I think
       | that means we have to make people better people then? Is that
       | even a thing?
       | 
       | Edit 2:
       | 
       | Wow, section 4 on the abuse by organizations with AI is the most
       | scary. Yikes, I feel that these days with Minneapolis. They're
       | already using Palantir to try some of it out, but are being
       | hampered by, well, themselves. Not a good fallback strat for
       | anyone that is not the government. The thing about the companies
       | just doing it before releasing it, that I think is underrated.
       | Whats to stop sama from just, you know, taking one of these
       | models and taking over the world? Like, is this paper saying that
       | nothing is stopping him?
       | 
       | The big one that should send _huge_ chills down the spines of any
       | country is this bit:
       | 
       | "My worry is that I'm not totally sure we can be confident in the
       | nuclear deterrent against a country of geniuses in a datacenter:
       | it is possible that powerful AI could devise ways to detect and
       | strike nuclear submarines, conduct influence operations against
       | the operators of nuclear weapons infrastructure, or use AI's
       | cyber capabilities to launch a cyberattack against satellites
       | used to detect nuclear launches"
       | 
       | What. The. Fuck. Is he saying that the nuclear triad is under
       | threat here from AI? Am I reading this right? That _alone_ is
       | reason to abolish the whole thing in the eyes of nuclear nations.
       | This, I think, is the most important part of the whole essay.
       | Holy shit.
       | 
       | Edit 3:
       | 
       | Okay, section 4 on the economy is likely the most relevant for
       | all of us readers. And um, yeah, no, this is some shit. Okay,
       | okay, even if you take the premise as truth, then I want no part
       | of AI (and I don't take his premise as truth). He's saying that
       | the wealth concentration will be so extreme that the entire idea
       | of democracy will break down (oligarchies and tyrants, of course,
       | will be fine. Ignoring that they will probably just massacre
       | their peoples when the time is right). So, combined with the end
       | of a nuclear deterrence, we'll have Elon (lets be real here, he
       | means sama and Elon and those people that we already know the
       | names of) taking _all_ of the money. And everyone will then be
       | out of a job as the robots do all the work that is left. So,
       | just, like if you 're not already well invested in a 401k, then
       | you're just useless. Yeah, again, I don't buy this, but I can't
       | see how the intermediate steps aren't ust going to tank the whole
       | thought exercise. Like, I get that this is a warning, but my man,
       | no, this is unreasonable.
       | 
       | Edit 4:
       | 
       | Section 5 is likely the most interesting here. It's the wild
       | cards, the cross products, that you don't see coming. I think he
       | undersells this. The previous portions are all about 'faster
       | horses' in the world where the cars is coming. It's the stuff we
       | know. This part is the best, I feel. His point about robot
       | romances is really troubling, because, like, yeah, I can't
       | compete with a algorithmically perfect robo-john/jane. It's just
       | not possible, especially if I live in a world where I never
       | actually dated anyone either. Then add in an artificial womb, and
       | there goes the whole thing, we're just pets for the AI.
       | 
       | One thing that I think is an undercurrent in this whole piece is
       | the use of AI for propaganda. Like, we all feel that's already
       | happening, right? Like, I know that the crap my family sees
       | online about black women assaulting ICE officers is just AI
       | garbage like the shrimp jesus stuff they choke down. But I kinda
       | look at reddit the same way. I've no idea if any of that is AI
       | generated now or manipulated. I already index the reddit comments
       | at total Russian/CCP/IRG/Mossad/Visa/Cokeacola/Pfiser garbage.
       | But the images and the posts themselves, it just feels
       | increasingly clear that it's all just nonsense and bots. So, like
       | Rao said, it's time for the cozy web of Discord servers, and
       | Signal groups, and Whatsapp, and people I can actually share
       | private keys with (not that we do). It's already just so
       | untrustworthy.
       | 
       | The other undercurrent here, that he can't name for obvious
       | reasons, is Donny and his rapid mental and physical
       | deterioration. Dude clearly is unfit at this point, regardless of
       | the politics. So the 'free world' is splintering at the _exact
       | wrong time_ to make any rational decisions. It 's all going to be
       | panic mode after panic mode. Meaning that the people in charge
       | are going to fall to their training and not rise to the
       | occassion. And that training is from like 1970/80 for the US now.
       | So, in a way, its not going to be AI based, as they won't trust
       | it or really use it at all. Go gen-z I think?
       | 
       | Edit 5:
       | 
       | Okay, last bit and wrap up. I think this is a good wrap up, but
       | overall, not tonally consistent. He wants to end on a high note,
       | and so he does. The essay says that he should end on the note of
       | 'Fuck me, no idea here guys', but he doesn't. Like he want 3
       | things here, and I'll speak to them in turn:
       | 
       | Honesty from those closest to the technology _ Clearly not
       | happening already, even in this essay. He's obviously worried
       | about Donny and propaganda. He;s clearly trying but still trying
       | to be 'neutral' and 'above it all.' Bud, if you're saying that
       | nuclear fucking triad is at stake, then you can't be hedging bets
       | here. You have to come out and call balls and strikes. If you;re
       | worried about things like MAGA coming after you, you already have
       | 'fuck you' money. Go to New Zealand or get a security detail or
       | something. You're saying that _now_ is the time, we have so
       | little of it left, and then you pull punches. Fuck that.
       | 
       | Urgent prioritization by policymakers, leaders, and the public _
       | Clearly also not going to happen. Most of my life, the presidents
       | have been born before 1950. They are too fucking old to have any
       | clue of what you're talking about. Again, this is about Donny and
       | the Senate. He's actually talking about like 10 people here max.
       | Sure, Europe and Canada and yadda yadda yadda. We all know what
       | the roadblocks are, and they clearly are not going anywhere.
       | Maybe Vance gets in, but he's already on board with all this. And
       | if the author is not already clear on this here: You have 'fuck
       | you' money, go get a damn hour of their time, you have the cash
       | already, you say we need to do this, so _go do it_.
       | 
       | Courage to act on principle despite economic and political
       | pressure _ Buddy, show us the way. This is a matter of doing what
       | you said you would do. This essay is a _damn_ good start towards
       | it. I 'm expecting you on Dwarkesh any day this week now. But you
       | have to go on Good Morning America too, and Joe Rogan, and
       | whatever they do in Germany and Canada too. It;s a problem for
       | all of us.
       | 
       | Overall: Good essay, too long, should be good fodder for
       | AstralCodexTen folks. Unless you get out and on mainstream
       | channels, then I assume this is some hype for your product to say
       | 'invest in me!' as things are starting to hit walls/sigmoids
       | internally.
        
         | tadfisher wrote:
         | Dario and Anthropic's strategy has been to exaggerate the
         | harmful capabilities of LLMs and systems driven by LLMs,
         | positioning Anthropic themselves as the "safest" option. Take
         | from this what you will.
         | 
         | As an ordinary human with no investment in the game, I would
         | not expect LLMs to magically work around the well-known
         | physical phenomena that make submarines hard to track. I think
         | there could be some ability to augment cybersecurity skill just
         | through improved pattern-matching and search, hence real teams
         | using it at Google and the like, but I don't think this
         | translates well to attacks on real-world targets such as
         | satellites or launch facilities. Maybe if someone hooked up
         | Claude to a Ralph Wiggum loop and dumped cash into a prompt to
         | try and "fire ze missiles", and it actually worked or got
         | farther than the existing state-sponsored black-hat groups at
         | doing the same thing to existing infrastructure, then I could
         | be convinced otherwise.
        
           | Balgair wrote:
           | > Dario and Anthropic's strategy has been to exaggerate the
           | harmful capabilities of LLMs and systems driven by LLMs,
           | positioning Anthropic themselves as the "safest" option. Take
           | from this what you will.
           | 
           | Yeah, I've been feeling that as well. It's not a bad strategy
           | at all, makes sense, good for business.
           | 
           | But on the nuclear issue, it's not a good sign that he's
           | explicitly saying that this AGI future is a threat to nuclear
           | deterrence and the triad. Like, where do you go up from
           | there? That's the highest level of alarm that any government
           | can have. This isn't a boy crying wolf, it's the loudest
           | klaxon you can possibly make.
           | 
           | If this is a way to scare up dollars (like any tyre
           | commercial), then he's out of ceiling now. And that's a sign
           | that it really is sigmoiding internally.
        
             | tadfisher wrote:
             | I agree that it is not a good sign, but I think what is a
             | worse sign is that CEOs and American leaders are not
             | recognizing the biggest deterrent to nuclear engagement and
             | war in general, which is globalism and economic
             | interdependence. And hoarding AI like a weapons stockpile
             | is not going to help.
        
         | foobar10000 wrote:
         | For your Edit 2 - yes. Being discussed and looked at actively
         | in both the open and (presumably being looked at) closed
         | communities. Open communities being, for example :
         | https://ssp.mit.edu/cnsp/about. They just published a series of
         | lectures with open attendance if you wanted to listen in via
         | zoom - but yeap - that's the gist of it. Spawned a huge
         | discussion :)
        
           | Balgair wrote:
           | Thanks for the link! Last thing I see there is from September
           | though. Do you have a more direct link to the zoom
           | recordings?
        
         | voidmain wrote:
         | If AI makes humans economically irrelevant, nuclear deterrents
         | may no longer be effective even if they remain mechanically
         | intact. Would governments even try to keep their people and
         | cities intact once they are useless?
        
       | firasd wrote:
       | When I see Dario say all this I wonder what he's seeing that
       | seems so differentiated from my POV
       | 
       | I wonder how much of Anthropic's success is based on a horde of
       | prompt to code examples that they post-train on. We shouldn't
       | assume Opus' web dev skills are the same as general intelligence
       | 
       | Here's something Sonnet 4 did (Jul 2025) that I don't think a
       | human intern would do when I made a wikisource tool (transcript
       | follows)
       | 
       | #-#-#
       | 
       | F:
       | 
       | let's see how the wikisource tool wrks.. let's try to match "Mary
       | hath chosen that good part" in one of the bible sources they
       | should have
       | 
       | Claude: Great idea! Let me first search for some biblical content
       | on WikiSource, then use the content match tool.
       | 
       | wiki_source_search
       | 
       | Perfect! Let me try the Douay-Rheims version of Luke, which
       | should have the Mary and Martha story:
       | 
       | wiki_source_page_content_match
       | 
       | No matches! Let me try a slightly different phrasing - maybe it's
       | "hath chosen the good part":
       | 
       | wiki_source_page_content_match
       | 
       | Still nothing. Let me try searching for just "Martha" to see if
       | the story is there:
       | 
       | F:
       | 
       | dummy .. why would use kjv wording in a different edition lol
       | 
       | Claude: Haha you're absolutely right! I was being completely
       | silly - of course the KJV wording "Mary hath chosen that good
       | part" wouldn't be in the Douay-Rheims translation. Different
       | translations use different language entirely.
       | 
       | What I Did Wrong: * Used King James Version phrasing in a
       | Catholic translation * The Douay-Rheims says "Mary hath chosen
       | the best part" * I was looking for "good part" (KJV wording)
       | 
       | Should Have Started With: Just searching for "Martha" or "Mary"
       | to see what the actual text says in that translation, then used
       | the exact wording I found.
       | 
       | #-#-#
       | 
       | It's almost comedic.. "Perfect! Let me try the Douay-Rheims
       | version of Luke" is where if you were watching a horror movie
       | you'd say "Don't go down to the basement fridge!"
       | 
       | And I think a human when they first see the text match fail would
       | go "hmm--ohh" but Claude starts doing permutations. This I guess
       | is the side effect of Reinforcement Learning and system prompts
       | that amount to saying: "Just do it. Don't ask questions. Just do
       | it."
        
         | l1n wrote:
         | > Here's something Sonnet 4 did last year
         | 
         | Hate to be that gal but a lot has changed in the past year
        
           | root_axis wrote:
           | Not with respect to this particular type of failure.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Not sure what you mean.
             | 
             | https://claude.ai/share/8368a541-57d3-4139-88b5-2b007c47c69
             | 0
             | 
             | Claude finds it's in the KJV first thing.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | > _Not sure what you mean._
               | 
               | I'm talking about this _type_ of failure, not this exact
               | specific example.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | Last year was a month ago.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | "in the past year" is still a 12 month long period,
             | however.
        
         | jonas21 wrote:
         | I have no idea what you are even asking Claude to do here.
        
           | firasd wrote:
           | I was asking it to see if the wikisource tools are working by
           | looking up a Bible quote. There was no ambiguity about the
           | task itself; what I'm saying is that Claude 'knows' a bunch
           | of things (the Bible has different translations) that it
           | doesn't operationalize when doing a task--issues that would
           | would be glaringly obvious to a human who knows the same
           | things
        
             | BoiledCabbage wrote:
             | Maybe I'm missing the point as well, but what did it do
             | wrong?
             | 
             | It seemed like you wanted to see if a search tool was
             | working.
             | 
             | It looked to see. It tried one search using on data source
             | KJ and found no matches. Next question would be is the
             | quote not in there, is there a mis-remembering of the quote
             | or is their something wrong with the data source. It tries
             | an easier to match quote and finds nothing, which it finds
             | odd. So next step in debugging is assume a hypotheses of KJ
             | Bible datasource is broken, corrupted or incomplete (or not
             | working for some other reason). So it searches for an
             | easier quote using a different datasource.
             | 
             | It's unclear the next bit because it looks like you may
             | have interrupted it, but it seems like it found the passage
             | about Mary in the DR data source. So using elimination, it
             | now knows the tool works (it can find things), the DR data
             | source works (it can also find things), so back to the last
             | question of eliminating hypotheses: is the quote wrong foe
             | the KJ datasource, or is that datasource broken.
             | 
             | The next (and maybe last query I would do, and what it
             | chose) was search for something guaranteed to be there in
             | KJ version: the phrase 'Mary'. Then scan through the
             | results to find the quote you want, then re-query using the
             | exact quote you know is there. You get 3 options.
             | 
             | If it can't find "Mary" at all in KJ dataset then
             | datasource is likely broken. If it finds mary, but results
             | don't contain the phrase, then the datasource is
             | incomplete. If it contains the phrase then search for it,
             | if it doesn't find it then you've narrowed down the issue
             | "phase based search seems to fail". If it does find and,
             | and it's the exact quote it searched for originally then
             | you know search has an intermittent bug.
             | 
             | This seemed like perfect debugging to me - am I missing
             | something here?
             | 
             | And it even summarized at the end how it could've debugged
             | this process faster. Don't waste a few queries up front
             | trying to pin down the exact quote. Search for "Mary" get a
             | quote that is in there, then search for that quote.
             | 
             | This seems perfectly on target. It's possible I'm missing
             | something though. What were you looking for it to do?
        
               | firasd wrote:
               | What I was expecting is that it would pull up the KJV
               | using the results returned from the wiki_source_search
               | tool instead of going for a totally different translation
               | and then doing a text match for a KJV quote
        
         | johnfn wrote:
         | I find one-off anecdotal examples like this to be a bit like
         | discourse around global warming - "Look at that ridiculous
         | polar vortex we had this week! Global warming can't possibly be
         | a thing!" Of course, a trend _line_ comprises many points, and
         | not every point falls perfectly in the center of the line! I 'm
         | not necessarily saying you are right or wrong, but your
         | argument should address the line (and ideally give some reason
         | why it might falter) rather than just a single point on that
         | line.
        
           | firasd wrote:
           | Ah but I'm not arguing about the rate of change in the trend.
           | I'm saying the signals are decoupled. That is to say an LLM
           | can be as good as a programmer as Linus Torvalds without
           | having even basic knowledge-generalization abilities we
           | assume the median human with no specialized skills would have
           | (when given the same knowledge an LLM has)
        
             | johnfn wrote:
             | I think most LLM proponents would say that "basic
             | knowledge-generalization abilities" is on a different,
             | slower trend line.
             | 
             | I mean, you aren't very surprised that your CPU can crush
             | humans at chess but can barely run an image classifier,
             | right? But you probably wouldn't say (as you are saying
             | with LLMs) that ability for a CPU to play chess is
             | "decoupled" from classifying images. Increases in CPU speed
             | improve both. You'd just say that one is a lot harder than
             | the other.
        
         | strange_quark wrote:
         | > When I see Dario say all this I wonder what he's seeing that
         | seems so differentiated from my POV
         | 
         | Billions of dollars
        
       | drewchew wrote:
       | I wish he would have used AI to make the essay shorter...
        
       | augusteo wrote:
       | The framing of AI risk as a "rite of passage" resonates with me.
       | 
       | The "autonomy risks" section is what I think about most. We've
       | seen our agents do unexpected things when given too much
       | latitude. Not dangerous, just wrong in ways we didn't anticipate.
       | The gap between "works in testing" and "works in production" is
       | bigger than most people realize.
       | 
       | I'm less worried about the "power seizure" scenario than the
       | economic disruption one. AI will take over more jobs as it gets
       | better. There's no way around it. The question isn't whether,
       | it's how we handle the transition and what people will do.
       | 
       | One thing I'd add: most engineers are still slow to adopt these
       | tools. The constant "AI coding is bad" posts prove this while
       | cutting-edge teams use it successfully every day. The adoption
       | curve matters for how fast these risks actually materialize.
        
         | BinaryIgor wrote:
         | What makes you think that they will just keep improving? It's
         | not obvious at all, we might soon hit a ceiling, if we haven
         | not already - time will tell.
         | 
         | There are lots of technologies that have been 99% done for
         | decades; it might be the same here.
        
           | Philpax wrote:
           | From the essay - not presented in agreement (I'm still
           | undecided), but Dario's opinion is probably the most relevant
           | here:
           | 
           | > My co-founders at Anthropic and I were among the first to
           | document and track the "scaling laws" of AI systems--the
           | observation that as we add more compute and training tasks,
           | AI systems get predictably better at essentially every
           | cognitive skill we are able to measure. Every few months,
           | public sentiment either becomes convinced that AI is "hitting
           | a wall" or becomes excited about some new breakthrough that
           | will "fundamentally change the game," but the truth is that
           | behind the volatility and public speculation, there has been
           | a smooth, unyielding increase in AI's cognitive capabilities.
           | 
           | > We are now at the point where AI models are beginning to
           | make progress in solving unsolved mathematical problems, and
           | are good enough at coding that some of the strongest
           | engineers I've ever met are now handing over almost all their
           | coding to AI. Three years ago, AI struggled with elementary
           | school arithmetic problems and was barely capable of writing
           | a single line of code. Similar rates of improvement are
           | occurring across biological science, finance, physics, and a
           | variety of agentic tasks. If the exponential continues--which
           | is not certain, but now has a decade-long track record
           | supporting it--then it cannot possibly be more than a few
           | years before AI is better than humans at essentially
           | everything.
           | 
           | > In fact, that picture probably underestimates the likely
           | rate of progress. Because AI is now writing much of the code
           | at Anthropic, it is already substantially accelerating the
           | rate of our progress in building the next generation of AI
           | systems. This feedback loop is gathering steam month by
           | month, and may be only 1-2 years away from a point where the
           | current generation of AI autonomously builds the next. This
           | loop has already started, and will accelerate rapidly in the
           | coming months and years. Watching the last 5 years of
           | progress from within Anthropic, and looking at how even the
           | next few months of models are shaping up, I can feel the pace
           | of progress, and the clock ticking down.
        
             | torginus wrote:
             | I think the reference to scaling is a pretty big giveaway
             | that things are not as they seem - I think it's pretty
             | clear that we've run out of (human produced) data, so
             | there's nowhere to scale to in that dimension. I'm pretty
             | sure modern models are trained in some novel ways that
             | engineers have to come up with.
             | 
             | It's quite likely they train on CC output too.
             | 
             | Yeah, there's synthethic data as well, but how do you
             | generate said data is very likely a good question and one
             | that many people have lost a lot of sleep over.
        
           | ctoth wrote:
           | Which technologies have been 99% "done" for "decades?"
           | 
           | Bicycles? carbon fiber frames, electronic shifting, tubeless
           | tires, disc brakes, aerodynamic research
           | 
           | Screwdrivers? impact drivers, torque-limiting mechanisms,
           | ergonomic handles
           | 
           | Glass? gorilla glass, smart glass, low-e coatings
           | 
           | Tires? run-flats, self-sealing, noise reduction
           | 
           | Hell even social technologies improve!
           | 
           | How is a technology "done?"
        
             | tadfisher wrote:
             | It's not! But each one of your examples is in a phase of
             | chasing diminishing returns from ever-expanding levels of
             | capital investment.
        
             | nancyminusone wrote:
             | It's done when there is no need to improve it anymore. But
             | you can still want to improve it.
             | 
             | A can opener from 100 years ago will open today's cans just
             | fine. Yes, enthusiasts still make improvements; you can
             | design ones that open cans easier, or ones that are cheaper
             | to make (especially if you're in the business of making can
             | openers).
             | 
             | But the main function (opening cans) has not changed.
        
             | monero-xmr wrote:
             | Technology is just a lever for humanity. Really would like
             | an AI butler, but I guess that's too hard (?). So many
             | things AI could do to make my life better, but instead the
             | world is supposedly over because it can summarize articles,
             | write passable essays, and generate some amount of source
             | code. In truth we haven't even scratched the surface, there
             | is infinite new work to be done, infinite new businesses,
             | infinite existing and new desires to satisfy.
        
           | basch wrote:
           | Even if the technology doesn't get better, just imagine a
           | world where all our processes are documented in a way that a
           | computer can repeat them. And modifying the process requires
           | nothing more than plain English or language.
           | 
           | What used to require specialized integration can now be
           | accomplished by a generalized agent.
        
             | storystarling wrote:
             | The trade-off is replacing deterministic code with
             | probabilistic agents. I've found you still need a heavy
             | orchestration layer--I'm using LangGraph and Celery--just
             | to handle retries and ensure idempotency when the agent
             | inevitably drifts. It feels less like removing complexity
             | and more like shifting it to reliability engineering.
        
       | philipkglass wrote:
       | _Some people say that human jobs will move to the physical world,
       | which avoids the whole category of "cognitive labor" where AI is
       | progressing so rapidly. I am not sure how safe this is, either. A
       | lot of physical labor is already being done by machines (e.g.,
       | manufacturing) or will soon be done by machines (e.g., driving).
       | Also, sufficiently powerful AI will be able to accelerate the
       | development of robots, and then control those robots in the
       | physical world._
       | 
       | I would like to believe that we're about to see a rapid
       | proliferation of useful robots, but progress has been much slower
       | with the physical world than with information-based tasks.
       | 
       | After the DARPA Urban Challenge of 2007, I thought that massive
       | job losses from robotic car and truck drivers were only 5-8 years
       | away. But in 2026 in the US only Waymo has highly autonomous
       | driving systems, in only a few markets. Most embodied tasks don't
       | even have _that_ modest level of demonstrated capability.
       | 
       | I actually worry that legislators -- people with white collar
       | jobs -- will overestimate the near-term capabilities of AI to
       | handle jobs in general, and prematurely build solutions for a
       | "world without work" that will be slow to arrive. (Like starting
       | UBI too early instead of boosting job retraining, leaving health
       | care systems understaffed for hands-on work.)
        
       | NiloCK wrote:
       | Technological adolescence indeed!
       | 
       | In the most straightforward way possible, the commoditized
       | intelligence-as-a-service of a technologically mature
       | civilization must be a public utility, rather than a handful of
       | walled gardens competing over territory, or worse, a single one
       | that has won all.
        
       | Lerc wrote:
       | One of my formative impressions of AI came from the depiction of
       | the Colligatarch from Alan Dean Foster's The I Inside.
       | 
       | The AI in the book is almost feels like it is the main message
       | masquerading as a subplot.
       | 
       | Asimov knew the risks, and I had assumed until fairly recently
       | that the lessons and explorations that he had imparted into the
       | Robot books had provided a level of cultural knowledge of what we
       | were about to face. Perhaps the movie of I Robot was a warning of
       | how much the signal had decayed.
       | 
       | I worry that we are sociologically unprepared, and sometimes it
       | seems wilfully so.
       | 
       | People discussed this potential in great detail decades ago,
       | Indeed the Sagan reference at the start of this post points to
       | one of the significant contributors to the conversation, but it
       | seems by the time it started happening, everyone had forgotten.
       | 
       | People are talking in terms of who to blame, what will be taken
       | from me, and inevitability.
       | 
       | Any talk of a future we might want dismissed as idealistic or
       | hype. Any depiction of a utopian future is met with derision far
       | too often. Even worse the depiction can be warped to an evil
       | caricature of "What they really meant".
       | 
       | How do we know what course to take if we can't talk about where
       | we want to end up?
        
         | nemomarx wrote:
         | I think people broadly feel like all of this is happening
         | inevitably or being done by others. The alignment people
         | struggle to get their version of AI to market first - the
         | techies worry about being left behind. No one ends up being in
         | a position to steer things or have any influence over the
         | future in the race to keep up.
         | 
         | So what can you and I do? I know in my gut that imagining an
         | ideal outcome won't change what actually happens, and neither
         | will criticizing it really.
        
           | atq2119 wrote:
           | In the large, ideas can have a massive influence on what
           | happens. This inevitability that you're expressing is itself
           | one of those ideas.
           | 
           | Shifts of dominant ideas can only come about through
           | discussions. And sure, individuals can't _control_ what
           | happens. That 's unrealistic in a world of billions. But each
           | of us is invariably putting a little but of pressure in some
           | direction. Ironically, you are doing that with your comment
           | even while expressing the supposed futility of it. And
           | overall, all these little pressures do add up.
        
         | psunavy03 wrote:
         | People can't even have a conversation about any kind of
         | societal issues these days without pointing at the other
         | political tribe and casting aspersions about "what they really
         | meant" instead of engaging with what's actually being said.
         | 
         | Forgetting that if you really can hear a dogwhistle, you're
         | also a dog.
        
       | root_axis wrote:
       | I don't think we have much to worry about in terms of economic
       | disruption. At this point it seems pretty clear that LLMs are
       | having a major impact on how software is built, but for almost
       | every other industry the practical effects are mostly
       | incremental.
       | 
       | Even in the software world, the effect of being able to build
       | software a lot faster isn't really leading to a fundamentally
       | different software landscape. Yes, you can now pump out a month's
       | worth of CRUD in a couple days, but ultimately it's just the same
       | CRUD, and there's no reason to expect that this will change
       | because of LLMs.
       | 
       | Of course, creative people with innovative ideas will be able to
       | achieve more, a talented engineer will be able to embark on a
       | project that they didn't have the time to build before, and that
       | will likely lead to some kind of software surplus that the
       | economy feels on the margins, but in practical terms the economy
       | will continue to chug along at a sustained pace that's mostly
       | inline with e.g. economic projections from 10 years ago.
        
         | jonas21 wrote:
         | > _At this point it seems pretty clear that LLMs are having a
         | major impact on how software is built, but for almost every
         | other industry the practical effects are mostly incremental._
         | 
         | Even just a year ago, most people thought the practical effects
         | in software engineering were incremental too. It took another
         | generation of models and tooling to get to the point where it
         | could start having a large impact.
         | 
         | What makes you think the same will not happen in other
         | knowledge-based fields after another iteration or two?
        
           | root_axis wrote:
           | Software is more amenable to LLMs because there is a rich
           | source of highly relevant training data that corresponds
           | directly to the building blocks of software, _and_ the
           | "correctness" of software is quasi-self-verifiable. This
           | isn't true for pretty much anything else.
        
             | dpflan wrote:
             | The more verifiable the domain the better suited. We see
             | similar reports of benefits from advanced mathematics
             | research from Terrence Tao, granted some reports seem to
             | amount to very few knew some data existed that was relevant
             | to the proof, but the LLM had it in its training corpus.
             | Still, verifiably correct domains are well-suited.
             | 
             | So the concept formal verification is as relevant as ever,
             | and when building interconnected programs the complexity
             | rises and verifiability becomes more difficult.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | > _The more verifiable the domain the better suited._
               | 
               | Absolutely. It's also worth noting that in the case of
               | Tao's work, the LLM was producing Lean and Python code.
        
               | 2001zhaozhao wrote:
               | I think the solution in harder-to-verify cases is to
               | provide AI (sub-)agents a really good set of instructions
               | on a detailed set of guidelines of what it should do and
               | in what ways it should think and explore and break down
               | problems. Potentially tens of thousands of words of
               | instructions to get the LLM to act as a competent
               | employee in the field. Then the models need to be good
               | enough at instruction-following to actually explore the
               | problem in the right way and apply basic intelligence to
               | solve it. Basically treating the LLM as a competent
               | general knowledge worker that is unfamiliar with the
               | specific field, and giving it detailed instructions on
               | how to succeed in this field.
               | 
               | For the easy-to-verify fields like coding, you can train
               | "domain intuitions" directly to the LLM (and some of this
               | training should generalize to other knowledge work
               | abilities), but for other fields you would need to supply
               | them in the prompt as the abilities cannot be trained
               | into the LLM directly. This will need better models but
               | might become doable in a few generations.
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | Presumably at some point capability will translate to other
             | domains even if the exchange rate is poor. If it can
             | autonomously write software and author CAD files then it
             | can autonomously design robots. I assume everything else
             | follows naturally from that.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | > most people thought the practical effects in software
           | engineering were incremental too
           | 
           | Hum... Are you saying it's having clear positive (never mind
           | "transformative") impact somewhere? Can you point any place
           | we can see observable clear positive impact?
        
       | xcodevn wrote:
       | > we may have AI that is more capable than everyone in only 1-2
       | years
       | 
       | There's no evidence this will be the case...
        
         | pineaux wrote:
         | dont forget who is writing it and what he needs to think about
         | it and what he wants others to think about it...
        
         | mrdependable wrote:
         | I'm starting to think people who build these models are more
         | likely to suffer from AI psychosis.
        
           | ares623 wrote:
           | "The worst person you know is being told 'You are absolutely
           | right!' by an LLM right now"
        
         | mordymoop wrote:
         | What would you consider such evidence to look like?
        
       | krunck wrote:
       | I fear that when this technology grows up it will first be in the
       | hands of the propagandists and war mongers. The rest of use won't
       | stand a chance against the real-time propaganda streams
       | convincing us why "we" needs to attack the bad guy country of the
       | month die so we can take their stuff. Or maybe we'll be so
       | sedated by genAI, 24/7, always new, personally customized
       | entertainment that we won't care.
        
         | direwolf20 wrote:
         | It's already there. Propaganda was one of the first uses of
         | LLMs, and before that, they used humans.
        
           | ares623 wrote:
           | Now the humans can be used in the meat grinder. No job
           | losses, just different kind of jobs. Am I doing this right?
        
       | reducesuffering wrote:
       | This is the most important article to come across HN in a while
       | and I encourage you to read it for the immense intellectual
       | wisdom it contains rather than the reflexive uneducated discourse
       | on AI that envelops HN these days. I'm sure if you read it end-
       | to-end you'd likely agree.
        
       | rishabhaiover wrote:
       | God, gone are the days when I'd spend three days writing unit
       | tests and phone it in for the other two just to reach the
       | weekend.
        
       | mwcampbell wrote:
       | This is obviously bullshit. If he were really worried about the
       | things he says he is, he'd put the brakes on his company, or
       | would never have started it in the first place.
        
         | voidmain wrote:
         | So if someone (actually, practically everyone) who runs an AI
         | company says AI is dangerous, it's bullshit. If someone who is
         | holding NVDA put options says it, they're talking their book.
         | If someone whose job is threatened by AI says it, it's cope. If
         | someone who doesn't use AI says it, it's fear of change. Is
         | there someone in particular you want to hear it from, or are
         | you completely immune to argument?
        
           | mwcampbell wrote:
           | I actually do believe that AI is dangerous, though for
           | different reasons than the ones he focuses on. But I don't
           | think he really believes it, since if he did, he wouldn't be
           | spending billions to bring it into existence.
        
           | surgical_fire wrote:
           | > So if someone (actually, practically everyone) who runs an
           | AI company says AI is dangerous, it's bullshit.
           | 
           | My instinct is to take his words as a marketing pitch.
           | 
           | When he says AI is dangerous, it is a roundabout way to say
           | it is powerful and should be taken seriously.
        
             | mwcampbell wrote:
             | Yes, exactly.
        
       | 2001zhaozhao wrote:
       | It's interesting just how many opinions Amodei shares with AI
       | 2027's authors despite coming from a pretty different context.
       | 
       | - Prediction of exponential AI research feedback loops (AI coding
       | speeding up AI R&D) which Amodei says is already starting today
       | 
       | - AI being a race between democracies and autocracies with
       | winner-takes-all dynamics, with compute being crucial in this
       | race and global slowdown being infeasible
       | 
       | - Mention of bioweapons and mirror life in particular being a big
       | concern
       | 
       | - The belief that AI takeoff would be fast and broad enough to
       | cause irreplaceable job losses rather than being a repeat of past
       | disruptions (although this essay seems to be markedly more
       | pessimistic than AI 2027 with regard to inequality after said job
       | losses)
       | 
       | - Powerful AI in next few years, perhaps as early as 2027
       | 
       | I wonder if either work influenced the other in any way or is
       | this just a case of "great minds think alike"?
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | It's because few realize how downstream most of this AI
         | industry is of Thiel, Eliezer Yudkowsky and LessWrong.com.
         | 
         | Early "rationalist" community was concerned with AI in this way
         | 20 years ago. Eliezer inspired and introduced the founders of
         | Google DeepMind to Peter Thiel to get their funding. Altman
         | acknowledged how influential Eliezer was by saying how he is
         | most deserving of a Nobel Peace prize when AGI goes well (by
         | lesswrong / "rationalist" discussion prompting OpenAI).
         | Anthropic was a more X-risk concerned fork of OpenAI. Paul
         | Christiano inventor of RLHF was big lesswrong member. AI 2027
         | is an ex-OpenAI lesswrong contributor and Scott Alexander, a
         | centerpiece of lesswrong / "rationalism". Dario, Anthropic CEO,
         | sister is married to Holden Karnofsky, a centerpiece of
         | effective altruism, itself a branch of lesswrong /
         | "rationalism". The origin of all this was directionally
         | correct, but there was enough power, $, and "it's inevitable"
         | to temporarily blind smart people for long enough.
        
       | adithyan_win wrote:
       | I wanted a version to read on Kindle, so I made the following.
       | 
       | The EPUB + PDF version is here:
       | https://www.adithyan.io/blog/kindle-ready-adolescence-of-tec...
        
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