[HN Gopher] Killing the ISP Appliance: An eBPF/XDP Approach to D...
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       Killing the ISP Appliance: An eBPF/XDP Approach to Distributed BNG
        
       Author : chaz6
       Score  : 56 points
       Date   : 2026-01-23 17:29 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (markgascoyne.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (markgascoyne.co.uk)
        
       | Guestmodinfo wrote:
       | Can Iran like internet ban happen? i feel the answer is no. We
       | can finally escape govt sponsored censorship
        
         | direwolf20 wrote:
         | It can always happen. The government would just have to arrest
         | everyone who doesn't comply, like they do in Iran.
        
           | pstuart wrote:
           | That could _never_ happen here  /s
        
         | modernpacifist wrote:
         | The [ONT - OLT(+BNG)] - Internet] sections of the paths will
         | continue to be owned by commercial entities that can still be
         | the subject of court orders and/or government pressure.
         | 
         | Even if you were to roll your own cable in the ground to your
         | own ONT/OLT/BNG at some point you will need to acquire IP
         | transit or peering from other commercial entities.
        
           | direwolf20 wrote:
           | The latter usually isn't that difficult, just expensive. You
           | can usually rent a leased line from anywhere to anywhere. The
           | government will still come knocking if they think you're
           | evading their censorship.
        
             | modernpacifist wrote:
             | A leased line though will only get you A<->B where sure, A
             | and B can be anywhere but have to be concrete
             | locations/hand off points when provisioned. It does
             | ultimatley come down to the service that one orders from a
             | commercial entity.
             | 
             | A hypothetical court order saying something like "kill
             | internet access" would likely cause an IP transit service
             | to stop working (implemented by said provider no longer
             | announcing global IP routing tables to that service) but a
             | leased line between two locations would likely remain
             | untouched since that isn't an "internet" service. So they
             | might not need to come knocking if they're reasonably
             | confident that all such edge cases like leased lines end up
             | at dead-ends because any internet-capable product they
             | might be enabling access to is sufficiently disabled.
             | 
             | I do imagine though that if they get as far as "kill the
             | internet" that obtaining a subsequent court order to go
             | after some suspicious leased line would be trivial.
             | 
             | As a side note, I find that IP transit is typically the
             | cheapest aspect of providing an internet service since a
             | cross-connect at a well connected DC will cost well under
             | $1/Mbps/month unmetered. Plus the cost is very well
             | amortized when residential users are the target. This has
             | tended to hold when one takes into account the co-lo costs
             | as well since network gear doing relatively basic packet
             | forwarding/internet table routing doesn't take up that much
             | space or power.
        
       | genpfault wrote:
       | Because TFA never bothered to define it:
       | 
       | Broadband Network Gateway (BNG)[1]
       | 
       | [1]: https://github.com/codelaboratoryltd/bng#bng-broadband-
       | netwo...
        
         | direwolf20 wrote:
         | Is it the FTTX equivalent of a BRAS?
        
           | chaz6 wrote:
           | Yes, exactly. BRAS is functionally the same as BNG.
        
         | bigwheels wrote:
         | Thanks! "OLT" was also new to me. In case others find it
         | helpful:
         | 
         | > OLT = Optical Line Terminal.
         | 
         | > In ISP fiber (typically GPON/EPON) infrastructure, it's the
         | provider-side device at the central office/headend that
         | terminates and controls the passive optical network: it
         | connects upstream into the ISP's aggregation/core network and
         | downstream via fiber (through splitters) to many customers'
         | ONTs/ONUs, handling PON line control, provisioning, QoS, and
         | traffic aggregation.
        
         | joshbaptiste wrote:
         | Thanks.. was reading the article like WTF is "BNG"
        
       | lormayna wrote:
       | I have been worked for a regional ISP 10 years ago and having an
       | architecture like that one, would be a godsend. With centralized
       | BNGs we were not able to apply upstream QoS policies for
       | subscribers on the backhaulings and we had to apply policies on
       | DSLAM access ports.
       | 
       | We ended using a couple of cheap Mikrotik as PPPoE concentrators
       | for every access room, in a similar way as you did. But the
       | reliability of Mikrotik routers was not the best
        
       | binome wrote:
       | I'm curious as to what actually is the CPU <-> NPU bandwidth in
       | these whitebox OLTs? Traditionally that has been sized for small
       | amounts of punted control plane packets, then programming a fast
       | path into the NPU for revenue traffic.
        
       | WhyNotHugo wrote:
       | Sounds like a really cool endeavour. I had no idea that ISP
       | infrastructure was so heavily centralised. Hope the author
       | succeeds in their quest to improve on this. I love that they're
       | using simpler, cheaper hardware for this. Essentially, it sounds
       | like it could reduce vendor lock-in for ISPs.
        
       | dontdoxxme wrote:
       | The code is mostly vibe coded and under the BSL. I think the
       | interesting bit here is a single developer can write something
       | like this with an agent. Does it make sense to open source such a
       | thing or just each ISP write their own to their requirements?
       | 
       | I also don't get the focus on handling DHCP renewals in the
       | kernel fast path. With 2000 subscribers per OLT and say a 5
       | minute lease time that's only a few renewals a second.
        
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       (page generated 2026-01-23 23:00 UTC)