[HN Gopher] Jensen: 'We've done our country a great disservice' ...
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       Jensen: 'We've done our country a great disservice' by offshoring
        
       Author : alecco
       Score  : 243 points
       Date   : 2026-01-05 13:02 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.barchart.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.barchart.com)
        
       | plastic-enjoyer wrote:
       | The children yearn for the data centers
        
       | blitzar wrote:
       | He is free to give back some of his $150bn anytime.
        
         | itsyonas wrote:
         | I do think that this is at the heart of the problem. The issue
         | is not an overall lack of wealth, but how it is distributed.
         | This is not going to change, no matter how many data centres or
         | factories are built in the US. Ultimately, all the wealth will
         | still end up in the hands of a select few.
         | 
         | Not to mention that we are already exceeding a number of
         | planetary boundaries, which endanger humans. The ever-growing
         | demand for natural resources and energy, which is directly
         | coupled to GDP growth, is not likely to end well.
        
           | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
           | After spending quite a long time on this thread writing my
           | thoughts etc, I feel like this is the most correct
           | explaination of the situation
           | 
           | Distribution of wealth is the biggest issue and In my
           | opinion, the most tangible way to solve things but then
           | again, this is the core of the issue
           | 
           | Either you need a really anti corrupt body which can do their
           | work and fight against such issues
           | 
           | But with causes like lobbying etc., those get washed up
           | 
           | Or we can have new people (like Zohran etc.) who try not to
           | take lobbying money and then America can have new people who
           | genuinely want to help and not be corrupt
           | 
           | But I am not sure what would happen, perhaps more people
           | follow the example of zohran perhaps not. People are keeping
           | an keen eye of the progress and what can happen. But one of
           | the things which we saw was that although zohran won, I just
           | didn't expect so much competition in the first place when
           | Cuomo got around 40% I think?
           | 
           | it's wild because zohran's message was so well put out and
           | received and this is the state then, I doubt that the voters
           | might replicate it or not
           | 
           | It really depends ultimately on the voters. The truest form
           | of responsibility but its also the lack of options and the
           | two party system which is really bad in America ultimately
           | causing the problems to exist even further.
        
             | itsyonas wrote:
             | > Either you need a really anti corrupt body which can do
             | their work and fight against such issues
             | 
             | If changing the system is off the table, then this is what
             | any solution would inevitably look like. I do not think the
             | problem is a flaw in the system though. Calling it a
             | systemic issue is misleading, because the system is largely
             | functioning as designed. The logical response, therefore,
             | is to change the system itself.
             | 
             | That idea sounds frightening, largely because most
             | political parties treat the system as untouchable,
             | presenting it as if there are no viable alternatives (thus
             | convincing people that there are none, making them feel
             | helpless). This creates a dead end: people experience the
             | full force of the system's pressures while being told that
             | nothing fundamental can be changed.
             | 
             | In that vacuum, scapegoating becomes an easy outlet. When
             | the system itself cannot be questioned, frustration is
             | redirected towards marginalised groups, under the implicit
             | belief that punishing or excluding them will somehow
             | relieve the pressure on everyone else, and that's how we
             | ended up at this point (imho).
             | 
             | A system centered on people's needs would judge success by
             | outcomes like health, stability, and quality of life rather
             | than by growth metrics. If a policy reduces stress,
             | improves wellbeing, and lowers long-term costs, it should
             | be pursued even if it shrinks parts of the economy or even
             | the economy overall. The fact that we currently treat any
             | reduction in economic activity as a failure, regardless of
             | human benefit, reveals how misaligned our priorities are.
             | 
             | I hope Zohran succeeds in improving people's lives, but I'm
             | not holding my breath. I've been burned too many times
             | before...
             | 
             | > But one of the things which we saw was that although
             | zohran won, I just didn't expect so much competition in the
             | first place when Cuomo got around 40% I think?
             | 
             | I think this primarily relates to how people are
             | socialised. In Germany, we call this an 'elbow society',
             | i.e. a society where people aggressively push their own
             | interests and compete ruthlessly, showing little regard for
             | cooperation, solidarity or fairness. People feel so lost in
             | the world that they are losing their humanity, only looking
             | out for what maximises their own outcomes. I believe this
             | can be changed, but it will require a large-scale cultural
             | shift driven by society, education, the media, and so on -
             | the same institutions that pushed us in the other direction
             | in the first place.
        
               | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
               | I Agree with your comment but one of the idea that
               | terrifies me is not that change is impossible but rather
               | change requires the whole world to do something about it
               | and I am not that optimistic about it simply because of
               | what you call about "elbow society"
               | 
               | > I think this primarily relates to how people are
               | socialised. In Germany, we call this an 'elbow society',
               | i.e. a society where people aggressively push their own
               | interests and compete ruthlessly, showing little regard
               | for cooperation, solidarity or fairness. People feel so
               | lost in the world that they are losing their humanity,
               | only looking out for what maximises their own outcomes. I
               | believe this can be changed, but it will require a large-
               | scale cultural shift driven by society, education, the
               | media, and so on - the same institutions that pushed us
               | in the other direction in the first place.
               | 
               | I so so agree with this statement, this is probably what
               | I thought as well but one of the most terrifying things
               | about this is that its sort of like a chicken and egg
               | problem because the media,education and so much more are
               | so influenced by policies/directly by the govt and the
               | elites that I would doubt that making such change or
               | giving people the idea that "change is possible" is
               | itself possible
               | 
               | But there have been instances in the past where we pulled
               | out of things but I am not sure how we can do it right
               | now.
               | 
               | A large-scale cultural shift.
               | 
               | > the same institutions that pushed us in the other
               | direction in the first place
               | 
               | So the thing which worries is me that I don't see a
               | reason why these institutions would change? Do you see
               | something in this perhaps?
               | 
               | I think that the best way is probably via at a small
               | scale level and then having that grow up. Adopting it
               | ourselves and discussing about it like we are doing right
               | now is the only thing possible that we can do
               | 
               | My issue with this is that the incentives just aren't
               | there for something like this. Let's say I want to create
               | a social company and I just want "enough" and afterwards
               | I'd just do it for helping etc. and getting miniscule
               | gains because I think that the goal of money and only
               | money itself is very dim
               | 
               | Even if we do something like this, the incentives really
               | change because companies wont invest, you wont get
               | funding etc.
               | 
               | So in a way, I think that the best way is probably
               | getting attention of like minded people and having them
               | invest with such knowledge but we really haven't seen
               | such platforms. I think Kickstarters are a good idea for
               | small scale projects but even they feel like you still
               | have to get yourself a promotion or attention itself to
               | fund it and it just becomes really 10x harder imo
               | 
               | I feel like microgrants are genuinely the best way moving
               | forward. If people can provide 1-10k$/perhaps 50k? for an
               | idea with intentions of good once it scales. To me it
               | feels like the best way and I found ways to look at
               | microgrants and they exist but I dont see many of them in
               | much action either.
               | 
               | We really need to change incentives where doing good is
               | favoured more than doing bad, We can even start small
               | because sometimes even small good incentives are all one
               | needs for real change.
               | 
               | I wish there was more interest in microgrants, I must
               | admit that I had thought about working in this space or
               | similar and perhaps I will jump back to it someday but
               | what are your thoughts on it? Do you know of some
               | mechanisms where good incentives can be generated at a
               | societal rate?
        
           | lta wrote:
           | I think he's talking litteraly about distirbuting wealth :)
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Yep. The structural incentives for the bosses don't change
           | when their employees are assembling cars or treating patients
           | or serving coffee or writing code. Power is tipped towards
           | capital and against labor. The owners extract wealth, which
           | tips the scales further. Labor organizing has been kneecapped
           | in this country and it will only get worse (there is an
           | ongoing case trying to get basically the entire NLRB declared
           | unconstitutional).
        
           | mlsu wrote:
           | The distribution is a problem, but not for the reasons people
           | think. At these amounts (billions) the money stops being
           | human-scale and starts to become civilization scale. You can
           | accomplish big things with 150 billion. Things like:
           | installing a gigawatt of solar, building a 1000km HVDC line,
           | etc.
           | 
           | The issue is that when that 150 billion is concentrated into
           | one person's hands, it tends to be inefficiently allocated.
           | This is the argument against central planning; it's
           | inefficient, it does not actually go where it would maximally
           | benefit society.
           | 
           | We have, with the amount of wealth inequality, essentially
           | re-invented central planning. It's arguably worse today,
           | because rather than giving central control to a worker's
           | council which is nominally accountable to regular people,
           | we've given it to Larry Ellison who is going to build yet
           | another datacenter for AI, instead of spending it on energy
           | or manufacturing capacity.
           | 
           | My home electricity bill has doubled since AI came out. That
           | is my evidence that this concentration of wealth is
           | egregiously misallocating capital. It is a civilization-scale
           | self-own. Countries that allocate capital properly will wipe
           | the floor and we are beginning to see that play out.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > give back some of his $150bn
         | 
         | To who? There are ~300 million people in the United States. He
         | could give each one a $500 check (assuming he didn't want to
         | keep any of his $150bn). Or should he give it to the U.S.
         | treasury? It's $38 trillion in debt, so he could give up all of
         | his money to pay off 0.004% of it.
        
       | ahartmetz wrote:
       | Nobody could see that coming! /s
        
       | newyankee wrote:
       | Everyone wants to give advice, no one wants to take a lead and
       | execute anything concrete.
       | 
       | All the talk of energy and no mention of solar, wind, batteries
        
         | ineedaj0b wrote:
         | All the talk is nuclear.
        
         | softwaredoug wrote:
         | Politics is the art of the possible. If Trump wants to focus on
         | Nuclear, then let's take the opportunity to improve nuclear.
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | This only works if Trump is president for life. He only has
           | three years left in office, and you can't build nuclear that
           | fast.
        
             | softwaredoug wrote:
             | I don't think Democrats are virulently anti Nuclear the way
             | Trump hates wind farms. Unlike Trump, I don't think they'll
             | just stop a popular project meant to provide power for a
             | region.
             | 
             | And in any case 3 years might not finish projects but it
             | might seed a lot of private investment and R&D
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | There is no such things as "democrats". There are
               | individual politicians that usually group together. 30
               | years ago I would confidently say most democrats would be
               | against nuclear, but the political winds have changed. I
               | think the old ones would still be strongly against
               | nuclear, but the younger ones don't care as much.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | It's not a question of being anti-nuclear, is just that
               | nobody is going to pay for it if there are cheaper
               | sources of energy. The only thing that would keep it
               | alive is if the government keeps intentionally killing
               | solar and wind projects.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | Is he going into politics or something...
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | All leadership positions are "into politics". His just happens
         | to be one influential enough to matter to the US federal
         | government.
        
       | torlok wrote:
       | Kiss the ring. The only way to keep the line going up is
       | government money.
        
       | MSFT_Edging wrote:
       | Please let me put a data center in your back yard. Please just
       | one more I promise the chat bots will help you email faster
       | please bro AGI is just around the corner I promise it wont be an
       | exponential multiplier on wealth concentration.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | In quite a few places in the rural US (especially the mountain
         | west), people are asking for that. Those companies usually
         | build out a lot of needed infrastructue (power, water, even
         | roads) as part of the deal, and it provides job opportunities
         | (a ton up front, and some (though fewer than many people
         | realize[1]) in perpetuity).
         | 
         | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46498947
        
           | MSFT_Edging wrote:
           | 50-100 jobs long term for a town, for noise and environmental
           | effects in perpetuity, plus tax cuts as incentive from the
           | locale to hire a handful of mechanical/handyman type jobs.
           | Likely the skilled labor will be imported.
        
       | BoredPositron wrote:
       | I always ask who the "we" is in statements like this? Is it self
       | critique or just a way of saying we are all at fault you better
       | don't focus on me.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | From reading the article and having listened/read a lot from
         | Jensen and his ilk, I feel pretty comfortable saying the "we"
         | is referring to the _system_ we have built in the US. Basically
         | the era of free trade. He and Trump and that group generally
         | think we made a mistake by allowing free trade, and the
         | solution is to  "force" that away with a mix of taxes
         | (tariffs), laws, incentives (subsidies/grants/etc) and others.
         | 
         | This is a summary FTA, not a direct quote from Jensen, but it's
         | a pretty good one IMHO:
         | 
         | > _In a recent speech, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang outlined his
         | plan for bringing manufacturing jobs back to America: force
         | companies to build AI infrastructure in America._
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | I highly doubt he really thinks that, but it pays to say so
           | in public.
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | For sure, it's quite possible he doesn't really believe
             | this stuff but is evangelizing it because of the benefits
             | of being in good with this administration. It's sad but
             | important to keep in mind as a possibility
        
       | jollyllama wrote:
       | Offshore the datacenters (no jobs). Keep any manufacturing (some
       | jobs). Problem solved.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Data centers provide jobs. Not as many as manufacturing, but
         | the difference isn't as large as you would guess. A modern data
         | center needs 50-100 people to repair/replace hardware, maintain
         | the generators and such. A modern factory needs 200-500 people
         | to do the assembly, shipping, and other such work that isn't
         | automated.
         | 
         | Of course if labor is cheap you can use a non-automated factory
         | and then you will have 2000-10000 people needed. However those
         | are not coming back to the US (or Europe).
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | > A modern data center needs 50-100 people
           | 
           | I doubt it. Job density for land usage and other
           | externalities generated is going to be one, maybe two, orders
           | of magnitude greater for manufacturing.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | One CNC laser cutter replaces the 40 humans in a factory. I
             | don't know how many people the automated paint system
             | replaced... factories are not near as labor dense these
             | days as you would guess.
        
               | jollyllama wrote:
               | > One CNC laser cutter replaces the 40 humans in a
               | factory. I don't know how many people the automated paint
               | system replaced.
               | 
               | In any new, expanding, or relocating factory, nobody is
               | getting replaced by these things, because they are
               | already priced in.
               | 
               | > factories are not near as labor dense these days as you
               | would guess.
               | 
               | That's a bit presumptuous of you.
        
           | ecshafer wrote:
           | Is that comparison similar square footage? I know of
           | factories that have 10 employees and are small machine shops,
           | and factories that have a few thousand employees (even ones
           | that are highly automated). The difference is scale.
        
             | johncolanduoni wrote:
             | I'm not sure square footage is what matters here, though
             | comparing the overall market for datacenter/manufacturing
             | jobs would be more useful than individual installations
             | anyway. It's not like the U.S. is hurting for physical
             | space in which to put factories or data centers. Speed of
             | light isn't that slow -- the big New York IXP is actually
             | in New Jersey and it would be fine even if it was further
             | away.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Yes, but I'm comparing a specific factory with a specific
             | data center that I happen to know enough about to compare.
             | There are larger factories that have more people.
             | 
             | The factory I'm thinking of had 2000 people in 1950, and
             | around 250 today - while producing the same amount of
             | product. Automation is continuing to come to that factory -
             | there are number of things that could be automated but
             | their volumes are not quite high enough today to justify
             | the upfront costs.
        
         | 15155 wrote:
         | - Keep the data centers (jobs, downstream commercial demand,
         | etc.)
         | 
         | - Build up manufacturing (more jobs!)
         | 
         | Problem solved.
        
         | zobzu wrote:
         | no power no jobs.
         | 
         | same reason why america has been protecting their oil with
         | wars.
         | 
         | energy is the basis for everything. cheap energy is what you
         | want. cheaper than the next guy. it doesnt matter if its for
         | AI, transport, refining goods, etc. its the same problem.
        
       | hackthemack wrote:
       | Ross Perot in 1992
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRr60nmDyu4
       | 
       | We have shipped millions of jobs overseas, and ... a strange
       | situation, we have a process in Washington where after you serve
       | for a while, you can cash in, become a foreign lobbyist.
       | 
       | We have got to stop sending jobs overseas.
       | 
       | You're paying 12, 13, 14 an hour for factory workers and you can
       | move your factory South of the Border, pay a dollar an hour for
       | your labor, have no health care. That's the most expensive single
       | element making a car. Have no environmental controls, no
       | pollution controls and no retirement and you don't care about
       | anything but making money.
       | 
       | There will be a giant sucking sound going south.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | Indeed, this was one of the first things I thought of too. I
         | remember well the jokes about Perot being crazy, frequently
         | used to dismiss his views. I'll never forget talking with an
         | educated Perot voter (a friend of mine) at the time and
         | actually being confronted with the real views, not a shallow
         | strawman, and realizing I didn't have any good answers because
         | I hadn't actually thought about it. That was a good maturation
         | point for me when I started realizing the power (and danger) of
         | bubbles.
        
           | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
           | He was't crazy, just thin-skinned and not suited for
           | politics.
        
             | ok123456 wrote:
             | The GOP/Bushes blackmailed him into dropping out of the
             | election by using his daughter, threatening to out her as a
             | lesbian right before her wedding. How thick a skin do you
             | need for that?
        
               | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
               | My comment was more in general, not about any one event.
               | Apparently he was also a conspiracy theorist and this
               | whole thing about an attempt to disrupt his daughters
               | wedding seems to be one of those, and he admitted he had
               | no evidence.
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | >I remember well the jokes about Perot being crazy,
           | frequently used to dismiss his views.
           | 
           | Was he crazy or was he made to look that way as an excuse to
           | dismiss his views? Sitting here in the 2020s knowing what we
           | know now about "how it all works" it sure does cast a lot of
           | doubt upon the past.
        
             | rapnie wrote:
             | Isn't is similar to Carter being depicted as a 'weak
             | president' because he had more progressive ideas than an
             | average US president, which make similar amount of sense..
             | and hence best ridiculed as a threat to "greed is good"
             | prevailing ethos.
        
               | starik36 wrote:
               | He was depicted as weak because during his time an entire
               | US embassy was held hostage in Iran for more than a year.
               | Couple that with inflation reaching 14.8% and now you
               | understand why.
        
             | okaram wrote:
             | Porque no los dos?
             | 
             | He was a super-rich guy, who had had too many people
             | telling him he was a genius for way too long (reminds you
             | of anybody?), and so was way too sure of himself. A bunch
             | of his ideas _were_ crazy, which doesn 't mean others
             | weren't trying to dismiss his views.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | > A bunch of his ideas were crazy
               | 
               | Which ones?
               | 
               | btw young idealistic me voted for Perot in 1992
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | I too would like to know.
        
               | chucky_z wrote:
               | All shoe sizes should only be small, medium, and large.
               | He really did have a lot of very ridiculous ideas. He
               | also had a lot of extremely good ideas and incredible
               | understanding of socioeconomic conditions.
               | 
               | His book "United We Stand" with modern context is quite
               | amazing considering it came out in the early 90s.
        
             | resumenext wrote:
             | Powerful people like those who control both parties and our
             | news media don't tolerate outsiders. When you have the
             | power any deviation from status quo is a threat. A side
             | effect of this is that voters stop listening to the talking
             | heads and politicos when they call some political outsider
             | a dangerous loon even when that may be a valid point.
        
               | resumenext wrote:
               | I'm not directing that last sentence at the president or
               | RFK, but I'm guessing that's the reason for the
               | downvotes?
        
             | secretmark wrote:
             | The POW stuff was actual insanity
        
             | dfxm12 wrote:
             | If you're interested and aren't willing to take OP's word
             | for it, the 90s are recent enough that you can probably
             | read contemporary news articles/opinions pieces about him
             | online (and almost certainly at your library). You can also
             | read up on his views/life on Wikipedia.
        
           | brightball wrote:
           | I had a similar experience when I learned about Ron Paul back
           | around the 2008 election. It was also the first time I had my
           | eyes opened to information suppression when Fox News edited
           | some of his answers out of rebroadcasts of debates.
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | Same! I actually watched the debate live (on AFN) while in
             | Iraq (deployed), and when I got home and got into
             | discussions about it with friends I had a hard time
             | believing we had watched the same debate. Turned out we
             | didn't, they had watched the edited version. That was
             | extremely eye opening
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > the jokes about Perot being crazy
           | 
           | I remember the debates around the time, though, and what most
           | people said was that shipping manufacturing jobs out of the
           | united stated would actually create prosperity here so that
           | the manufacturing types could "move up" into less menial
           | work. They're saying the same thing now, and although it
           | _does_ seem that that did happen in the 90's when all the
           | manufacturing jobs went offshore, it doesn't seem to be
           | happening now.
        
         | casey2 wrote:
         | Fatten up the pig, then carve it can you fatten it up again?
         | 
         | American leaders lost hope in Americas ability to build the
         | future. They decided this was as good as it's going to get and
         | squoze the people at every level with unproductive IT,
         | bureaucracy, consumerism. This country doesn't have a workforce
         | capable of building the future anymore, it's dropouts and
         | druggies the lot of them.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Not sending production to the place with the cheapest labour is
         | great way to have your companies being outcompeted by foreign
         | actors. Unless we want to return to mercantilism a global
         | empowerment of organized labour globally is the only real way
         | to fix this.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | This assumes that leadership has a vision beyond the next
           | quarterlies. Offshoring is seen as a solution to organized
           | labor, unfortunately.
           | 
           | Exec compensation above a reasonable salary needs to to tied
           | somehow to longer term outcomes.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | Forgot the whole crux of my point. Labour needs to be
             | empowered globally, to minimize the benefits of offshoring.
        
               | petermcneeley wrote:
               | If your plan relies on total coordination of the the
               | entire globe you have no plan.
        
               | nathan_compton wrote:
               | I guess, but the real issue here is that capital will
               | mount a concerted, decades long effort, to prevent global
               | organization of labor. Its not like its per se impossible
               | to get enough global labor organization: its just
               | profoundly, aggressively, even murderously, opposed by
               | people who have power.
               | 
               | I guess we could think of that as just "part of the
               | reality," but I think its a little silly not to at least
               | mention it.
        
               | petermcneeley wrote:
               | It is not realistic but even worse it isnt even
               | desirable. There is huge swaths of opposition to "global
               | organization of labor". The last thing you want is to
               | oppress a bunch of people under your vision of perfect
               | government.
        
               | nathan_compton wrote:
               | I don't see how mass organization of labor constitutes an
               | oppression of anyone.
        
               | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
               | Labour is still going to be cheaper in offshore countries
               | simply because of purchasing power parity.
               | 
               | Even good conditions and everything in country like India
               | paying them around 10-30k$ is seriously really really
               | good (source: I live there) and its english speaking and
               | well integrated etc.
               | 
               | I saw another comment which mentioned that just merely
               | healthcare in america can cost around 10k$/year
               | 
               | So Labour should be empowered in a good way but this idea
               | still won't help america simply because of power
               | purchasing parity.
               | 
               | Not to forget that America is going through some really
               | tough economic crisis right now which it needs to figure
               | out on. The deficit is still high and everything and
               | companies are favoured completely capitalistic and so
               | combined with all of these factors, we really come to the
               | situation where it is.
               | 
               | I appreciate your optimism but I have my doubts.
               | Especially when one reads the tense atmosphere of America
               | right now
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | I think it's hard to overstate how big of a deal "Labour
               | needs to be empowered globally" is.
               | 
               | Think of it as two huge reservoirs of water, one of which
               | is at a higher altitude. If you connect them with a pipe,
               | they will inevitably tend to equalize - this is what is
               | happening with globalization. It's good for the
               | developing world but bad for the developed. The labor
               | class not only needs to demand better working conditions,
               | but also standards of living, environment regulations,
               | housing, etc. etc. until equilibrium is reached. The
               | owner class will be exploiting the difference until that
               | happens.
        
               | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
               | I doubt that an equilibrium can ever be reached tho.
               | 
               | The biggest issue is that even if one provides better
               | working conditions, but also standards of living,
               | environment regulations, housing, etc. etc
               | 
               | Even then, there would still be an imbalance and
               | equilibrium would still not be reached simply because of
               | power purchasing parity and other factors.
               | 
               | Plus another issue is corruption. There are rules and
               | laws already in place but corruption takes their way
               | 
               | Also another thing but corruption can actually also take
               | regulations and hijack them and actually penalize things
               | simply for reducing competition etc.
               | 
               | Corruptions also the reason why we have enough food to
               | feed the world but corruptions in the way and I am not
               | sure if there is a way to solve it
               | 
               | y'know I have this pet theory that corruption is
               | everywhere but the incentives of corruption/ways changes.
               | 
               | In the UK, the prices of rent are so damn high, this is a
               | developed country.
               | 
               | In America, corruption takes place in the form of
               | lobbying and the coupling of politics and finance and
               | also the immense parity of money between the average
               | person and the CEO salary's ratio being one of the
               | highest and the shrewd incentives being one causing these
               | issues in the first places being written almost in law,
               | CEO's of major companies will fire 10_000's of people or
               | more in a blink of an eye.
               | 
               | China, although secret, In my opinion has corruption
               | inside the country as well from a more political
               | standpoint as well
               | 
               | In India, there are some regulations and systems meant
               | for good but people skirt through them via corruption.
               | 
               | So I don't know but to me corruption feels natural in the
               | sense that altruism can't be the only gene and biology
               | would dictate maliciousness to be present
               | 
               | This does make me sad thinking about it but I think that
               | the nash equilibrium is unfair. This is how the system
               | works, this is a cycle and Countries Like India/China
               | once were super rich then became poor then are getting on
               | their path again
               | 
               | At the end of the day, the person speaking about this
               | Jensuan huang is corrupt as well selling AI hype in the
               | first place, spiking actual prices of actual goods people
               | buy thus contributing in inflation but also that some
               | people accuse them of even writing this statement as a
               | way to people please
               | 
               | When I had thought about it previously, I think um the
               | best things we can do is probably reduce the incentives
               | of corruption and then the nature of good ideas would
               | take prevalance.
               | 
               | It's also just not a developing vs developed countries
               | thing anymore as I said. We see in the news cycle how
               | much blatantly corrupt America's current administration
               | is becoming.
               | 
               | At the end of the day, facing reality is hard but that's
               | the only way we can really put real change in the world.
               | 
               | if you have some thoughts about how to counter corruption
               | in your idea/ actually creating incentives to be good and
               | not corrupt or even malicious compliance in your idea and
               | I am listening and I'd love to discuss more about it.
               | 
               | I wish there was less corruption but I am starting to
               | think that incentives are set this way to help corruption
               | and those themselves might've been/were brought by
               | corruption themselves as one wrote on HN once that
               | corruption brings more corruption , so how can one stop
               | this vicious cycle? Because if that happens, I am telling
               | you that America has enough money but the corrupt forces
               | distribute them in a concentrated manner, even solving
               | that problem to me feels like something which can help
               | empower the labour globally
               | 
               | perhaps the rich can be taxed for what they deserve and
               | that money can then be spent in developing countries
               | labour class in your idea? This to me feels the most okay
               | way to help but the problem is, nobody's taxing the
               | rich/its hard because of all the loopholes/malicious
               | legal compliance in many places.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | I don't have any solutions unfortunately but I appreciate
               | your considered response!
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | Any executive in America can probably have a vision if they
             | so chose. Their hand is forced by "the system".
             | 
             | The Weathertech CEO (or maybe I'm misremembering, in any
             | case it was a big private company CEO) has a good talk
             | about this IIRC.
        
             | terminalshort wrote:
             | The only reason offshoring is ever done is because
             | leadership does have a vision beyond the next quarter.
             | Offshoring takes years to pay off because of the upfront
             | costs and time it takes to work out how to run the new
             | operation efficiently.
        
           | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
           | > Not sending production to the place with the cheapest
           | labour is great way to have your companies being outcompeted
           | by foreign actors
           | 
           | This is is a fallacious argument. Most or even all of those
           | places couldn't have hoped to out-compete the domestic
           | companies without the traitorous companies shipping complete
           | factories to them. The reason the Soviets didn't outcompete
           | us wasn't down to _just_ incentive structures (though that
           | was part of it), quite alot of their failure was down to
           | being locked out of the market on machine tools.
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | > traitorous companies shipping complete factories to them
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_v._Ford_Motor_Co.
             | 
             | Basically, A company is bound by legal precendence to focus
             | on capitalistic gains. It would be better if we argue the
             | existence of other structures/their prevalence but I don't
             | think that we can blame the entire companies but the darn
             | structures that they are in
             | 
             | A CEO makes 100x (yes its not becoming hyperbole, sad
             | reality) than workers. He is given power and he is given
             | incentives to cut money wherever he can. He sees off
             | sourcing and does this.
             | 
             | But I am not seeing America go towards a path like this, on
             | the contrary, we are seeing America try to actively talk
             | about workers in here and then talk about businesses
             | without doing anything about all the issues in the first
             | place.
             | 
             | There is a fundamental conflict of interests and America's
             | promising both sides. It honestly feels political to me now
             | because the news cycle for America is moving so damn fast
             | (which is really really bad) that nobody comes to question
             | these things in the first place or most aren't because they
             | aren't literally having the time to do such with all the
             | news cycle imo
             | 
             | I don't really know what America can do at this point.
             | 
             | > This is is a fallacious argument. Most or even all of
             | those places couldn't have hoped to out-compete the
             | domestic companies without the traitorous companies
             | shipping complete factories to them. The reason the Soviets
             | didn't outcompete us wasn't down to just incentive
             | structures (though that was part of it), quite alot of
             | their failure was down to being locked out of the market on
             | machine tools.
             | 
             | Do you have any sources for this, I found it quite
             | fascinating that machine tools can play such a big impact.
             | 
             | If it is, is it a sort of chicken and egg problem where
             | machine tools require factories themselves which again
             | require machine tools. If so, why couldn't Soviet Union
             | just import some from other countries to bootstrap the
             | production of tools which could then bootstrap all
             | factories?
        
             | terminalshort wrote:
             | This just comes down to their incompetence. They were
             | communists so they refused to just let thousands of
             | domestic companies start up to produce the machine tools
             | domestically to solve their problem. China did.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | You might disagree, but that does not make it _fallacious_.
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | > Not sending production to the place with the cheapest
           | labour is great way to have your companies being outcompeted
           | by foreign actors.
           | 
           | Or it's a great way to spur innovation in automation, which
           | has other beneficial downstream effects. This is what people
           | always seem to forget to consider, and I don't know why.
        
             | p_j_w wrote:
             | The world has seen dizzying levels of innovation over the
             | last 100 years. It's STILL cheaper to outsource for huge
             | swathes of manufacturing.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Sure, because of legislation. And legislative changes
               | could undo that advantage and thus spur more innovation.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > companies being outcompeted by foreign actors
           | 
           | I've been hearing this since the early 90's, and I'm still
           | not seeing any evidence that it's true.
        
           | burnt-resistor wrote:
           | That's like rich people threatening to leave if taxes are
           | raised. It's always a bluff.
           | 
           | And, the cheapest labor is slave labor like Dubai and the US
           | (via prison labor in current use by multiple major
           | corporations) use already. If there's no floor of standards,
           | that creates perverse incentives and ridiculous instability.
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | One of my main arguments for a universal health care scheme in
         | the united states is how horrendously expensive, for employers,
         | health care is. Lets totally ignore efficacy, moral arguments,
         | expense for the patient, etc. If you are a company in the US a
         | large percentage of the effective compensation of employees is
         | healthcare. A moderately good PPO is like ~$10k+ a year per
         | employee. You can pay workers in some other countries less than
         | just the cost of paying for health insurance for a US employee.
        
           | jonhohle wrote:
           | As someone paying for a family on a marketplace bronze plan,
           | that's a bargain! I think our premiums will exceed $20K this
           | year.
           | 
           | With all of the medical group consolidation, all of the wait
           | time woes our Canadian friends always complained about are
           | the reality here now as well. So I'm paying more than
           | anywhere else on the world and have to wait 6 months for a
           | PCP appointment. We have the worst of both worlds.
        
             | ecshafer wrote:
             | So the ~$10k a year is just what the employer is paying in
             | my example, taking some numbers from chatgpt for a medium
             | sized company in new york. Not even counting the employee
             | side of the premiums, which can be crazy high as well.
        
             | tharkun__ wrote:
             | I'm curious to compare this to other countries that have
             | state owned/mandated insurance and are so far still mostly
             | covering everything and which are always touted as
             | "superior" to the US, who "have the most expensive health
             | care system". Can't use Canada as OHIP et. al. don't cover
             | much and the same employer tied insurance scheme as in the
             | US exists and is necessary.
             | 
             | An example of a country with "good healthcare" and such a
             | system would be Germany. Extra insurance does exist there
             | as well nowadays from what I understand but health
             | insurance isn't tied entirely to employment and the extras
             | are things like a 20 EUR per month to cover the co-pay on
             | large and expensive procedures. While private insurance
             | exists there too, I want to compare to the often touted
             | "free healthcare" i.e. public system. There are still
             | different providers even under the one public system.
             | 
             | So from a quick search, Germany has insurance rates from
             | ~14-16% of gross salary, half of which the employee pays
             | from their gross salary. But most insurances have an extra
             | percentage they charge on top. I found one as an example
             | that charges 17.29% total, which if you're self-employed,
             | you have to cover yourself (to be comparable to your
             | marketplace bronze plan being entirely self-paid).
             | 
             | Now the question becomes: Are you paying more or less as a
             | percentage of your salary and by how much?
             | 
             | (and side question for your parent I guess: how does that
             | compare to the $10k the employer pays, which would be
             | 8.645% in this example)
        
               | jaarse wrote:
               | Canadian (OHIP recipient) here. As a long time employer,
               | and former employee, I can tell you that no one takes a
               | job here for the heath care. Some things like dental and
               | vision are not covered (unless you are under 18, over 65,
               | or low income), but everything else is. Over the course
               | of a decade my father in law had 3 heart attacks, a
               | stroke, and ultimately lost a year long battle with lung
               | cancer. The total health care bill to him (or his
               | employer) was $0.
               | 
               | Now the downside ... because health care is free,
               | everyone uses it and the wait times are longer. My
               | grandfather recently required an MRI (non life
               | threatening). The wait time in Ontario was 3 months. He
               | drove to the USA, paid out of pocket, and had it done
               | within in week ...
        
               | larkost wrote:
               | It is actually more complicated than this implies. For
               | example hospitals are often held afloat by
               | Medicare/Medicaid spending (25%/19%). Private health
               | insurance is about 37%, so larger than either, but
               | smaller than both. But then you have to remember that
               | some of the private health insurance is being subsidized
               | by taxpayer dollars (e.g.: the ACA subsidies), and that
               | private health insurance is largely coming from tax
               | exempt dollars (a form of subsidies). So where the costs
               | are actually being paid is more difficult.
               | 
               | https://www.kff.org/health-costs/key-facts-about-
               | hospitals/?...
               | 
               | I am not sure where your question about a percentage of
               | your salary is valid on the face of it. Do you count the
               | employer portion of your medical coverage as part of your
               | salary? Do you count the tax exemption? How do you figure
               | the taxes taken out to support Medicare/Medicaid/Veterans
               | Health (all of which are required to support the system
               | as it exists)? And how do you figure that for single
               | payer systems?
               | 
               | So a much more direct way of comparing is to look at
               | total costs per person, and then figure out how outcomes
               | compare. When you do that the U.S. comes to about double
               | the cost, and generally worse outcomes. Conservative
               | politicians will scream about how long it takes to get
               | procedures, but the research shows that elective
               | procedures take about the same time (and no-one waits for
               | emergency procedures in comparable systems).
               | 
               | https://www.pgpf.org/article/how-does-the-us-healthcare-
               | syst...
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > Can't use Canada as OHIP et. al. don't cover much and
               | the same employer tied insurance scheme as in the US
               | exists and is necessary
               | 
               | False. From what I know, only prescription drugs, dental,
               | and vision are not covered. And since Americans
               | frequently drive to Canada to buy prescription drugs, we
               | can assume that's not as big a burden as in the US. But
               | hospital stays, surgeries, lab testing, imaging, doctor
               | visits, vaccines are all fully covered.
        
             | volkadav wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure the original 10+k/yr/employee for good ppo
             | coverage is a radical underestimate, for what it's worth,
             | though I guess "way more than ten" is technically part of
             | the "ten+" range, haha.
             | 
             | The last time I had reason to look at full market-rate
             | price for a family of four for a good PPO (Seattle market,
             | circa five years ago, large tech company), it was around
             | 3300 USD per month, or over $39k/yr. That was for cobra
             | coverage, so a combination of what I would have normally
             | paid and what the employer would've (about one third us and
             | two thirds them when I was employed by that corp). I can
             | only imagine it's gotten more expensive since then; we left
             | the country three years ago.
        
               | ecshafer wrote:
               | I got the $10k a year employee from chatgpt with "Assume
               | I have a company with 100 employees in New York, how much
               | on average does it cost to provide health insurance" and
               | it gave me poor, moderate and good ppo plan prices. I
               | figure this seemed reasonable for ballpark figures from
               | employer friends, so the numbers may be very well off.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | Just as an FYI, that is a massive outlier based on
               | available data.
               | 
               | My employees are about $500 per month in a major
               | metropolitan area, and a family of 4 can run up to $2000
               | a month for the most expensive plans (I cover individuals
               | and their spouses in full for standard plans, and could
               | cover one dependent for basic plans).
               | 
               | I looked at marketplace plans in WA because I was
               | curious, and it looks like it's about the same as where I
               | am but nowhere near what you were quoted 5 years ago.
        
             | bpt3 wrote:
             | The key part of your statement is that you're paying for a
             | family.
             | 
             | Individuals do not cost $10k per year under any normal
             | circumstances, and if you're paying almost $2k a month for
             | a family bronze plan, you either have a lot of kids, you
             | have some unusual needs, or you are getting ripped off.
             | Even more so if you're waiting for a PCP appointment,
             | because that is unusual as well.
        
           | baal80spam wrote:
           | Asking as not an American - $10k per year, how much % of a
           | yearly salary is it?
           | 
           | In Europe (here: Germany example), which is frequently seen
           | here as the ideal example of healthcare spending:
           | 
           | Employees and employers typically split around 14.6% of gross
           | salary for public health insurance. [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://feather-insurance.com/blog/germany-healthcare-
           | statis...
        
             | bluedino wrote:
             | > Asking as not an American - $10k per year, how much % of
             | a yearly salary is it?
             | 
             | Depends on if you make 35k or 200k/year
        
             | vjvjvjvjghv wrote:
             | The problem is that in the US it's a fixed amount vs in
             | Germany a proportion of your income. This works OK for
             | higher incomes but for lower incomes it's a big problem.
             | And as always, the people in the middle get screwed. Not
             | enough money to afford the premiums easily but too much
             | money to get subsidies.
        
             | ecshafer wrote:
             | SO this is just what the _employer_ pays. The employee then
             | pays premiums monthly as well for access. Employers pay
             | somewhere between $5k and $25k (or more) per employee a
             | year for health care depending on quality and portion of
             | premiums they pay for the employee. Usually its split, so
             | someone makes $80k a year, they pay $10k a year in
             | premiums, employer pays $10k a year in premiums.
        
           | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
           | The irony of the situation when you realize that you can
           | probably get healthcare yourself in India (not sure about
           | other countries) but for even a very good healthcare program
           | to be around 25$ per month
           | 
           | And that 10k$/year can be considered middle class / heck I
           | can even argue just slightly above middle class in India
           | 
           | And you can actually enjoy food and a lot of things really
           | cheap as well
           | 
           | Usually the only problem becomes if something is inherently
           | expensive (think college or land) which is where PPP does
           | hurt but in everyday life, I think India's decent to live in.
           | 
           | Now I want to ask you but even if someone spends around
           | ~$10k+ a year, even then I have heard people describe
           | american healthcare subpar. Like why? Is it just corruption
           | at healthcare level and lobbying efforts?
           | 
           | Is there truly nothing that the average american can't do
           | about to make things better for the healthcare situation. To
           | me its feeling like america's moving even backwards right now
           | from cutting medicaid putting even more strain on the amount
           | and still even on the average person themselves as well.
        
             | stocksinsmocks wrote:
             | There is no simple explanation, but an important issue is
             | that there is no price discovery mechanism or system
             | pressure for efficiency. You also may not know that the US
             | healthcare system is also an elaborate jobs program. Walk
             | into any hospital and you will see 5-10 mostly young women
             | doing basically nothing. I don't know why the powers that
             | be decided that the US should divest itself from any useful
             | work, but here we are. Now we're a couple generations into
             | this social experiment by "smart" billionaires and their
             | courtiers, and the military industrial complex is begging
             | the Taiwanese to hold our soft hands and teach a blossoming
             | generation hipsters and resentful immigrants how to build
             | the computers we invented. We had a good run, but we're
             | Rome circa. 400-500 AD. Don't let the marketing in
             | Venezuela fool you. I'm just hoping the robots give us a
             | few more decades of working plumbing.
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | > One of my main arguments for a universal health care scheme
           | in the united states is how horrendously expensive
           | 
           | The costs need to be fixed, first. Moving to the
           | government/taxes paying for it doesn't fix that.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > Moving to the government/taxes paying for it doesn't fix
             | that.
             | 
             | It kinda does, bigger players have more bargaining power.
             | There is no bigger player than the government in a
             | universal healthcare system.
             | 
             | Furthermore, a significant cost in healthcare is all of the
             | bureaucracy around billing. Much of that goes away with
             | single payer.
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | It would be very tough to reduce pay for doctors and
               | other staff. The United States medical industry is one of
               | the highest paying in the world.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Doctor and nurses are not bureaucrats. Single payer would
               | significantly reduce the bureaucracy in healthcare, and
               | simplify everything for citizens and businesses.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | The main cost driver in medical care is provider (nurse,
               | doctor, etc.) wages, not bureaucracy or drug prices
               | (though they're frequently cited). I have tired of
               | posting sources for the statistics, but they are very
               | easy to find.
        
               | cduzz wrote:
               | So, let's look at UnitedHealth Group; do they deliver
               | health care?
               | 
               | If there were single payer, what would their role be in
               | the healthcare delivery process?
               | 
               | Apparently they made 2.3 billion in profits on 113
               | billion in revenue in Q3 of 2025. How much of that
               | friction would evaporate if they weren't in the
               | healthcare delivery infrastructure.
               | 
               | Someone once said "the best part is no part" ?
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Compare UPS or FedEx to USPS; the first two companies are
               | profit-seeking, yet very competitive with the 'public-
               | oriented' (and legally privileged) USPS. Having the
               | government in control does not necessarily lead to better
               | value.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | They are very competitive in the places where most people
               | live, but the USPS delivers to many more places that the
               | others do not, and still maintains cost competitiveness.
               | 
               | This turns out to be a decent analogy to healthcare:
               | insurance companies do not provide the coverage,
               | universality and simplicity that a single payer system
               | would; instead, you'll get something like insurance
               | coverage networks providing spotty and inconsistent care.
               | 
               | Either approach has upsides and downsides, but single
               | payer, universal coverage for basic and emergency
               | healthcare seems like a no-brainer.
        
               | cduzz wrote:
               | I've lived in cities where the city ran the utilities;
               | they were generally way cheaper than the utilities from
               | PG&E.
               | 
               | The USPS is obligated to deliver letters at the same cost
               | to everyone in the country, and they do a pretty okay job
               | at it -- I've certainly had horrid events from UPS and
               | FedEx, and those guys get to just pass the crap delivery
               | tasks off to USPS if they don't like it.
               | 
               | Lots of old people in the USofA seem to like their
               | government run medical insurance, same with people in the
               | VA system.
               | 
               | The Doge crew spent months looking for fraud waste and
               | abuse and I don't see any big law enforcement results
               | from all the fraud they found, and I don't see anyone
               | crowing over all the waste they curtailed.
               | 
               | It's possible that the world's more complex than you
               | imagine, and that sometimes people just do their jobs (IE
               | the bureaucrats) and hard problems get solved.
               | 
               | Now, tell me again, what part of the health care system
               | is UnitedHealth? What critical problem do they solve?
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | $2.3 billion is nothing in a $5 trillion system. Doctors
               | make around $500 billion in the US. Their wages are much
               | more significant than insurance profits.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | $2.3bn is profit after subtracting costs. Doctors
               | charging their time to deal with bureaucracy needed by
               | insurance adds to the costs that are already factored
               | into the revenue. Single payer wouldn't just eliminate
               | the profit, but also those costs.
        
               | array_key_first wrote:
               | From what I've heard from doctors online, a large chunk
               | of their time is basically spent just coaxing insurance.
               | They waste time figuring out what they can and cannot
               | bill, tailoring that to every patient, and constantly
               | keeping records of everything. I think, for many doctors
               | especially in small practices, treatment is a minority of
               | their time.
               | 
               | Obviously, paying someone 300K a year to sit on a 1 hour
               | peer to peer explaining why they think they should do a
               | surgery is just bad business. But, we do it, and I think
               | a lot.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Exactly. You can believe the "main cost driver in medical
               | care is provider (nurse, doctor, etc.) wages" all the
               | live long day, until you realize they too spend a lot of
               | their time dealing with bureaucracy. The true cost of
               | bureaucracy cannot be accounted for by simply tallying
               | the number of bureaucrats and their salaries.
        
               | larkost wrote:
               | This is true, but frontline healthcare staff wages are
               | only one part of the problem. For specifics you can see
               | details here (e.g.: US average front-line healthcare
               | worker salary: EUR74.450, Germany: EUR40.522):
               | 
               | https://www.qunomedical.com/en/research/healthcare-
               | salary-in...
               | 
               | But even absent any movement there you have a lot of
               | savings to be had away from that: 1. The U.S. medical
               | administration costs have ballooned, in large part
               | because of the highly adversarial billing system between
               | insurers and practitioners. Medicare/Medicaid is much
               | less (but not completely) unpredictable. Doctors complain
               | bitterly about the prices at times, but the system is
               | much more efficient. 2. U.S. insurance companies are
               | woefully inefficient. To the point that companies
               | complained bitterly when the ACA required them to pay out
               | 80% of premiums as medical payments. Before that there
               | were companies making more than 20% profits. The most
               | efficient insurance companies today use about 12% of
               | their revenues for non-medical care. In comparison
               | Medicaid uses about 3.9%.
               | 
               | There are lots of other parts you could address as well:
               | 1. Fraud drawn to the huge payouts for medical bills. If
               | people's accidents were just covered as a normal part of
               | life those payouts, and most of that fraud just goes
               | away. 2. Malpractice insurance. This is like the first,
               | but would mostly be solved by a combination of single
               | payer and a working medical review system (seriously,
               | what we have now is the definition of regulatory
               | capture).
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >The United States medical industry is one of the highest
               | paying in the world.
               | 
               | Which the industry views as a historical accident, and
               | now that they basically own all the hospitals and other
               | companies, you can expect them to fix it.
               | 
               | I would expect neutering Doctor labor power will happen
               | soon. This admin will get a small donation or two, and
               | the republicans will insist that letting doctors have
               | high wages is the sole cause of our expensive healthcare.
               | They've never really cared about the truth, seeing as
               | they have often claimed "Medical tort" is the cause of
               | healthcare costs, even though places like Texas, which
               | have limits of Medical tort payout don't have cheaper
               | healthcare.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Medical tort is a large part of our bloated healthcare
               | costs. The problem with these discussions is that our
               | healthcare system is horrible and has many things going
               | wrong, so both sides can simultaneously be right.
        
               | wyre wrote:
               | Wages for doctors and staff are not the cause of high
               | medical bills.
               | 
               | The US spends something like $4.9 trillion dollars on
               | medical care, and employs around 1 million physicians,
               | 4.5 million nurses, or 9.8 million health care workers in
               | total [1].
               | 
               | If this was paid out in wages the average health care
               | worker would be make almost $500k/year. Compare that to
               | the wage of the average doctor at $335k/year [2] or
               | average nurse at under $100k/year. There is a lot of
               | money in medical care that is not going to wages.
               | 
               | [1]https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/04/who-
               | are-our-h...
               | 
               | [2]https://www1.salary.com/Doctor-Salary.html
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | It's like every other compliance cost. It hurts the little
           | guys more than the big guys. Too much of the US economy is
           | big players so the status quo persists.
        
           | vjvjvjvjghv wrote:
           | "how horrendously expensive, for employers, health care is."
           | 
           | So why aren't they pushing for abolishing employer-based
           | health insurance? They had no problems getting rid of
           | pensions but for some reason nobody really lobbies for
           | employers to get out of the health care business. The same
           | for 401k. Why do companies have to manage those instead of
           | just contributing some money and let the employees find the
           | right package on the open market?
           | 
           | It's really weird.
        
             | coredog64 wrote:
             | Union employees have negotiated healthcare into long-term
             | contracts, making it hard for those employers to switch.
             | (Feel free to read up on so-called "Cadillac plans" during
             | the original ACA negotiations for more details). The size
             | of this market makes employers exiting a non-starter IMO.
             | Any org that wants to exit will see a huge resistance to
             | this change even if they can showcase all the common
             | benefits.
        
             | terminalshort wrote:
             | Because if they let employees manage their own retirement
             | accounts some of them would gamble all of it on crypto or
             | options and lose it all. Then, because our society has
             | become fundamentally incapable of saying "You are an adult.
             | You have nobody to blame but yourself, and now you will
             | face the consequences," this will become someone else's
             | problem to pay for it.
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | >Because if they let employees manage their own
               | retirement accounts some of them would gamble all of it
               | on crypto or options and lose it all.
               | 
               | This part is true.
               | 
               | >Then, because our society has become fundamentally
               | incapable of saying "You are an adult. You have nobody to
               | blame but yourself, and now you will face the
               | consequences," this will become someone else's problem to
               | pay for it.
               | 
               | Except that's an incredibly stupid short-term way of
               | thinking. Because regardless, we end up paying for
               | people's mistakes. As we should, because that's the whole
               | point of society - we need to take care of the failures,
               | the degenerates, the pieces of shit, etc because they
               | play an important role in society - they too are humans
               | and some of them weren't gambling away their savings out
               | of a sense of fun, they did so to be able to continue to
               | live in a day and age where costs continue to skyrocket,
               | job growth is negative, and the economy is being hollowed
               | out. We have many tools and mechanisms to help the
               | winners in society. We need that for the opposite party,
               | too. In winner-take-all capitalistm, the losers will
               | always outnumber the winners. And you need to make life
               | palatable for the losers, in hopes that their luck may
               | one day change. Because if you don't take care of people
               | who continue to lose and have nothing going for them,
               | they will grow in numbers and eventually eat you.
               | 
               | And besides, we've bailed out enough bad actors in
               | important sectors of the economy that main street
               | deserves to be taken care of too.
        
               | array_key_first wrote:
               | Someone will always have to pay for it, because we don't
               | generally just let people die. And even if we do, someone
               | still have to scrape their rotting corpses off the
               | street, no?
               | 
               | Radical individuality is an illusion. Yes, it would be
               | nice if everyone could be solely responsible for paying
               | for their healthcare or retirement. But is it possible?
               | If you can't answer if it's possible or not before you do
               | something, you probably shouldn't be doing it.
        
           | stocksinsmocks wrote:
           | We almost do. Employers must provide insurance. If you're
           | unemployed you can probably get Medicaid. We have private
           | entities handle the details instead of something that looks
           | like the Post Office. There is nothing anyone in Congress can
           | do which results in all 8 billion people on Earth having
           | instant access to all conceivable treatment in any location
           | the the US. Like socialized medicine, there is no meaningful
           | price discovery mechanism in the US. Unlike socialized
           | medicine, it's a lot harder for political parties to conduct
           | pogroms by rationing resources and euthanizing demographics
           | that don't vote the way they like.
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | It's a price to, in a way, handcuff workers. Systemically
           | combined with policies that make sure unemployment doesn't
           | get too low, weaken labor power, tie other benefits to
           | employment, etc. Workers know they need your job to have
           | affordable healthcare, so they have no choice but to stick
           | with it even if it is somewhat crappy.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | And yet they never lobby for nationalized health care.
           | 
           | Because "Deal with our illegal, immoral, or stupid work
           | requests or literally lose your healthcare" is such a massive
           | bargaining chip for them.
           | 
           | They would rather spend more money and have more docile and
           | controllable workers, but not spend that money on paying
           | workers more to be docile and controllable.
           | 
           | It's not about the money.
        
         | larme wrote:
         | It's true that American companies have benefited from sending
         | jobs overseas. Instead of trying to stop them, perhaps we could
         | explore ways to share this money more fairly across the
         | country.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Everyone in business seems allergic to "pay domestic workers
           | living wages and provide flexible working arrangements with
           | good work life balance" so we will only arrive there through
           | politics, unions, and structural labor shortages as the prime
           | working age population cohort continues to shrink, imho.
           | 
           | Honorable mention to Senator Bernie Moreno of Ohio for
           | introducing legislation to tax outsource payment flows.
           | 
           |  _The HIRE Act: 25% tax on outsourcing_ -
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45161419 - September
           | 2025
           | 
           |  _Ohio senator introduces 25% tax on companies that outsource
           | jobs overseas_ -
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45146528 - September
           | 2025
           | 
           | (US centric perspective)
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | > Everyone in business seems allergic to "pay domestic
             | workers living wages and provide flexible working
             | arrangements with good work life balance" so we will only
             | arrive there through politics, unions, and structural labor
             | shortages as the prime working age population cohort
             | continues to shrink, imho.
             | 
             | I think its because I suppose we can either talk about
             | small businesses who can be very cost cutting because their
             | overall profits are very thin (you really can't blame them
             | that much I think)
             | 
             | And the medium to large corporations either take Venture
             | funding and want to cost cut to show more growth or
             | maximizing share holder profit
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_v._Ford_Motor_Co.
             | 
             | (taking an short summary from ddg AI)
             | 
             | The case you're referring to is Dodge v. Ford Motor Co.,
             | decided in 1919, where the Michigan Supreme Court ruled
             | that a corporation must operate primarily for the profit of
             | its shareholders, rather than for the benefit of employees
             | or customers. This case is often cited as a foundational
             | example of "shareholder primacy" in corporate law.
             | 
             | This is the root cause of the issue.
             | 
             | Do you know that there is a solution to it
             | 
             | They are called social enterprises and there are legal
             | frameworks to do that. You might've seen some labels given
             | by independent parties to show that as well
             | 
             | So they exist, but nobody creates them, why?
             | 
             | Because, its insanely hard to raise funding in them
             | compared to the average structure. I looked up into it and
             | the system of funding is just created such way where it
             | rewards any and every cost cutting
             | 
             | I think that just like non profits get good value from
             | doing good. A middle way where a company's purpose becomes
             | some aspect of social good and not entirely profits. This
             | might help but we need govts supporting them (similar to
             | perhaps even non profits)
             | 
             | I have a hypothesis that if you provide easy access to
             | lower interest loans with less collateral overall (perhaps
             | even none?, provide micro-grants perhaps) at a federal
             | level/banking level might be the best way to really start
             | up some new innovation whose idea is social mission
             | 
             | Most people have an idea of enough, I think that
             | academically inclined people who create companies would
             | really appreciate this and this could even include the
             | creation of things like google etc. which really just
             | turned evil from dont be evil because of the wiki link/case
             | that happened imo
             | 
             | Taxation as you say in the 25% tax won't really work that
             | well imo as we saw recently in the tax scandal recently in
             | America where billions were lost.
             | 
             | Although so much of US especially its politics is so much
             | lobbied etc. that I find the idea of this change just
             | stopping because it could prove a real threat to the
             | completely capitalist corporations which will fire 1000's
             | of people in an instant
             | 
             | Also whenever you position something as tax, the capitalist
             | forces would find ways to evade it anyway, here let me give
             | some ideas on top of my head
             | 
             | What would happen if people paid outsourcing companies via
             | stablecoin crypto, how would you tax that?
             | 
             | What if things like this can count as gig work and laws
             | related to that?
             | 
             | What if an outsourcer creates their own mini company and
             | such creates an invoice, I am not sure but this would be
             | considered a service so how would that work, is there a
             | service tax if so how much %?
             | 
             | Suppose somebody got a consultancy company to work on a
             | project and then just created the project end to end and
             | deployed it and just tweaked it enough where its a mini
             | saas designed just for that company, the
             | company/consultancy can argue its a saas, so how would the
             | taxation work for saas. Are we gonna reach a point where
             | even things like saas could be highly taxed?
             | 
             | The easiest way seems to me crypto for (bootstrappable
             | outsourcing?) but depending upon the size of the
             | outsourcing, they can employ multiple methods as I gave.
             | 
             | How would the govt approach the multiple loopholes as such?
             | 
             | The whole issue stems from a pure capitalist system where
             | it sometimes rewards to do malicious things so long term,
             | countries need to find ways of supporting social
             | entreprises/funding them.
        
           | cl0ckt0wer wrote:
           | We did, by lowering prices and returning shareholder value.
        
         | hshdhdhj4444 wrote:
         | And yet the timeframe Huang mentions does not go beyond 20
         | years ago, indicating his statement is little more than
         | political posturing.
         | 
         | Also, last I saw, he wasn't prevented from speaking at any
         | point in those past 2 decades and I don't remember any mention
         | from him about these issues despite the fact that there's been
         | bipartisan concerns about manufacturing in China for at least a
         | decade.
         | 
         | It's almost like he's trying to position his company's profit
         | growing enterprises as a part of helping the poorest Americans
         | to justify the U.S. taxpayer paying for a lot of it, or at
         | least assuming all downside risk...
        
           | baal80spam wrote:
           | Who would've listened to (or even knew about) Jensen Huang
           | before ChatGPT?
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | >And yet the timeframe Huang mentions does not go beyond 20
           | years ago, indicating his statement is little more than
           | political posturing.
           | 
           | 20yr ago you could at least plausibly lie to yourself and say
           | that things were ok. The seeds were sown back in the late 60s
           | early 70s at least. Fair amount of gas was put on the fire in
           | the 80s.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | If we had some tariffs that somehow _just_ canceled out the
         | exploitation (of people and the environment), that could be
         | interesting. "Stop sending jobs overseas" is too blunt, create
         | a fair international market and let winners win.
         | 
         | But, I don't think anyone is naive enough to propose such a
         | thing seriously. It is impossible to believe that some
         | administration wouldn't use it for political favors.
        
           | rs999gti wrote:
           | > create a fair international market and let winners win.
           | 
           | Why? It's selfish, but since the US and EU sent jobs out to
           | India and China. India and China, have created protections
           | that make getting those jobs back nearly impossible short of
           | stopping payments. At the same time, these countries have
           | huge trading imbalances (see FR complaining that their CN
           | trade imbalance is untenable) and have become the defacto for
           | cheap labor.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | I'm not sure what the "It's selfish" part means, did you
             | leave out a suggestion of some selfish action you think we
             | should take?
             | 
             | I'm hoping that free markets tend to produce winners more
             | often than protectionist ones. I don't really want stagnant
             | US companies to just stick around because they cozied up to
             | the government.
        
         | NoSalt wrote:
         | I voted for Ross. Sad he didn't win.
        
         | emchammer wrote:
         | The dignity of three presidential candidates who disagree with
         | each other, sitting quietly while allowing the other to finish
         | using their allotted time...
        
         | hackthemack wrote:
         | Side point about this HN post "Jensen: 'We've done our country
         | a great disservice' by offshoring" currently 3 hours and 129
         | points
         | 
         | Why does it seem like it is getting pushed down relative to
         | other posts that have less upvotes and with longer times?
         | 
         | Here are some posts that are currently higher ranked.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46445412 currently 8 hours
         | and 82 points
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46465493 currently 4 hours
         | and 29 points
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46497589 currently 5 hours
         | and 82 points
         | 
         | It does not make sense unless some force is pushing the Jensen
         | post down, or the other posts up?
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | Doesn't HN have some system for lowering threads that have,
           | like, acrimonious voting patterns? Under the assumption that
           | they are producing more entrenched argument, instead of
           | informing discussion.
        
       | moogly wrote:
       | He is not causally connecting "AI" with industry and
       | manufacturing here. Building data centers isn't manufacturing. He
       | says in this piece that energy production needs to come first,
       | and manufacturing later and not the other way around. Is he
       | saying that AI will require building out energy production and
       | the increased energy production will be used for...
       | manufacturing? But it'll be used for the data centers.
       | 
       | What, exactly, is the kind of manufacturing he's envisioning AI
       | will bring? He's not saying. Is it perchance weapons systems?
       | It's weapons isn't it[1].
       | 
       | That will only make sense if we go back in time a few decades and
       | some assholes instigate more wars and global destabilization,
       | because manufacturing weapons and stockpiling them is pretty
       | pointless and resource ineffective otherwise. We know this from
       | before.
       | 
       | Or is he saying chips? So is he against offshoring all chip
       | manufacturing to TSMC? That's basically been a huge part of
       | continued security guarantees (if you can call them that when
       | they are unproven), and also he's Taiwanese isn't he? I don't get
       | it.
       | 
       | Now, one of my errors here could be that I'm trying to make sense
       | of the things Jensen Huang says, because he rambles incoherently
       | quite a lot, after all, to such a degree I am not sure he's
       | "entirely there".
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://www.war.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/4370464/se...
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | I don't know about Jensen specifically, and I can't remember
         | the guy at the moment, but there have been a few tipped hands
         | including one where the guy on national TV said something about
         | "Americans should be gluing the iPhones together in the
         | factory, not Chinese" and it really made a lot of this stuff
         | click for me: they want to provide low-paying American jobs in
         | American factories. That's probably not the whole vision, but
         | it is a big part of it IMHO. I'll try and find the quote or
         | video but if someone else remembers this, please share a link
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | That was Howard Lutnick. He's said a lot of, let's say "out-
           | of-touch", things. He's not living in the real world, though.
           | 
           | Motorola tried that not too long ago. Didn't go well. If you
           | want to decimate American wages, you could do it, but if you
           | at the same time deport people who were the most ready to
           | work for a pittance, it's going to be hard to do this without
           | riots. Then again, Stephen Miller wants those riots, so maybe
           | you're right.
           | 
           | The crux of the matter is that those workers won't be able to
           | afford the iPhones they're assembling, however.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | The old chestnut that Henry Ford didn't actually say comes
             | to mind though: "I wanted to pay my workers enough so they
             | could afford the cars they were building." If they were
             | making them in the US, Tim Cook could pay them enough to
             | afford an iPhone on a payment plan with Verizon or AT&T.
             | Even if he didn't want to, there's a federal minimum wage
             | US workers employers are required to pay. What's
             | frustrating is the investment Apple made in China is double
             | the size of the Marshall plan the US invested in rebuilding
             | Europe after WWII. That money could have been spent on
             | America, but Steve Jobs spent it on China instead.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | > That money could have been spent on America
               | 
               | This is wishful thinking, and similar to how how video
               | game producers think if they stop N people from pirating
               | a game, there will be N more copies of the game sold.
               | 
               | No, instead of that the game will be played less. And
               | analogously, less iPhones would be produced.
               | 
               | You could argue that less iPhones would be good for the
               | world, but that's orthogonal to the topic.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | You're overestimating the proportion of the price
               | attributed to labor that goes into an iPhone. The reason
               | that production is offshored is to shave off a few
               | percentage points. The price difference is almost nothing
               | to the buyer, but a lot to the owners of Apple.
               | 
               | iPhones have nothing to do with videogames. They are
               | material objects, not zero marginal cost copies.
               | 
               | edit: and the point is that, across the economy, it is
               | very good for labor. While the iPhone's cost would rise a
               | little bit nominally, it wouldn't rise as a portion of
               | income, which is the only important number. The retail
               | price would probably rise a bit more than that, but
               | that's because it is a luxury good and its price would
               | rise as incomes rose.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | > price attributed to labor that goes into an iPhone
               | 
               | Oh, that was not my point at all.
               | 
               | It's that we simply do not have the scale and manpower to
               | do it. Maybe in ten years with more automation sure, but
               | definitely not in the Steve Jobs era.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Interesting take. I would happily give up my iPhone if,
               | instead, the US Department of Education got an extra $55
               | billion/year and US would pay people to go to college.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | US pays people to go to college, but just the outliers.
               | 
               | It's an interesting tradeoff, make the outliers the best
               | in the world at what they do, or make the average person
               | slightly more competent.
               | 
               | I think it's difficult to design a system that makes both
               | outcomes true at the same time. The countries that have
               | succeeded in doing it so far have a tiny population
               | compared to the hundred millions of students
               | US/China/India has now.
               | 
               | China seems to be slowly moving to a system comparable to
               | the US one where outliers are prioritized. India has
               | avoided it so far, which is why we see so many generic
               | software engineers from India. I wonder if that stance
               | will change with that category of jobs rapidly shrinking.
        
             | pepperball wrote:
             | > The crux of the matter is that those workers won't be
             | able to afford the iPhones they're assembling, however.
             | 
             | Of course they will, Americans banks and "tech" companies
             | are always coming up with creative ways to extend shady
             | lines of credit to the poorest Americans.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | Howard Lutnick is "in charge," real or not it's his world
             | we're living in. ;-)
        
           | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
           | >and it really made a lot of this stuff click for me: they
           | want to provide low-paying American jobs in American
           | factories.
           | 
           | This isn't a fair characterization. The people on reddit who
           | complain that the coffee place is only scheduling them for 10
           | hours a week and that people are being stingy with the tips
           | might actually prefer the factory job with a regular 40
           | hours, occasionally mandatory overtime, and $5/hr more than
           | what Starbucks offers. If you disagree, then I suspect that
           | there's no universe possible where you're satisfied without
           | the population of the United States being cut by three
           | quarters.
        
           | terminalshort wrote:
           | You have one of 3 choices here:
           | 
           | 1. Low paid American workers glue iphones together in
           | sweatshops
           | 
           | 2. Low paid Chinese workers glue iphones together in
           | sweatshops
           | 
           | 3. Well paid American workers glue iphones together in
           | sweatshops, and to make this possible we have a massive
           | tariffs regime that makes consumer goods massively more
           | expensive and massively increases the price of all
           | manufactured goods.
           | 
           | Pick your poison. They call economics the "dismal science"
           | for a reason.
        
             | YY4398742398 wrote:
             | Chinese workers are not "low paid" relative to prices of
             | goods in China though. A Chinese worker gluing an iPhone
             | together can afford a decent middle class lifestyle, the
             | Chinese version of the "American dream".
             | 
             | What America really needs is massive deflation in the cost
             | of everything, curbing income inequality (which is driving
             | inflation) and moving to renewables (cost of oil/gas also
             | drives inflation).
        
               | intalentive wrote:
               | Yes, and a big part of the reason labor costs are so high
               | is that living costs are high. The US worker is saturated
               | with debt, fees, payments, rents of every stripe.
        
               | groos wrote:
               | Deflation is never going to be allowed to happen even if
               | economic conditions allow it. The reason that the Federal
               | Reserve wants inflation at ~2% is so that nobody hoards
               | cash in their home and instead spends it before it loses
               | value or puts it in a bank to lend to the economy or
               | invests it. Deflation would mean that you could hoard
               | cash and it would grow in value, leading to less money
               | available for economic growth.
        
             | TACIXAT wrote:
             | If the US minimum wage is what we have agreed is the
             | minimum amount someone should be paid to have a reasonable
             | quality of life (and it can be argued that it is still too
             | low), then number 3 is the only ethical choice.
        
         | ineedaj0b wrote:
         | the price of metal, raw metal, coming out of factories like
         | aluminum, steel, titanium is high because the cost of energy is
         | high.
         | 
         | I think it's 30%-40% the cost of smelting it. Unless you can
         | drop the price of energy and cheapen the raw material cost, the
         | entire manufacturing industry will be uncompetitive.
         | 
         | Primary smelters currently run pretty efficiently but are
         | bottlenecked by two main factors in the USA: raw energy prices
         | and regulations. (there's likely some modern process
         | improvements they could add too but those won't increase
         | productively as greatly).
         | 
         | To reduce energy costs... you'll need about double the current
         | energy production we have today. That sounds like a lot but
         | it's very doable (the US has been neglecting itself for 50
         | years). It could with a little push from the Government catch
         | up in 10-15 years, think lots of nuclear and solar.
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | Bringing energy costs down. I see. While I'm not super well-
           | versed in the US energy market, and I understand it's a bit
           | complex, I do believe it's a mix of regulated and deregulated
           | private monopolies under a bunch of regional ISOs, but
           | there's an energy trading market down there somewhere setting
           | spot prices, correct? So are you saying the US energy market
           | should be, if not fully re-regulated, regulated harder, or
           | perhaps abolished and everything should be brought back to
           | being state or federally run (I'm not sure the US ever had
           | that)?
           | 
           | It is not always in energy producers' interest to have really
           | low energy prices, after all.
        
             | rickydroll wrote:
             | I believe you have it right. In theory, power generation
             | should have been a well-regulated monopoly. Unfortunately,
             | as soon as you add investors, aka rent seekers, the system
             | is pushed to increase profits at the expense of the
             | customer.
             | 
             | We should reset the monopoly by publishing and documenting
             | tariffs for power and carriage. Third-party power suppliers
             | should still have access to the power grid, with complete,
             | transparent, and understandable costs for consumers.
             | 
             | There needs to be a plan for continual upgrades and
             | maintenance, rather than starving the grid and then
             | requiring big bursts of funding that go in part to the rent
             | seekers.
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | From personal experience the closer to a regulated
               | monopoly an industry is the worse its products are and
               | the customer service is nonexistent.
        
               | throwaway-11-1 wrote:
               | Same with my experience, PG&E burned down my mom's entire
               | hometown.
        
               | rickydroll wrote:
               | I see you've dealt with Comcast and Verizon.
               | 
               | Snark aside, let me remind you of the term
               | "enchitification": it came about because companies in
               | theoretically competitive markets make good products
               | shittier.
        
             | 7thaccount wrote:
             | There are still a few regions that are fully vertically
             | integrated and fully regulated with no market prices.
             | However, much of the US is under a regional ISO that sets
             | hourly day ahead prices and 5-minute nodal spot prices.
             | Under an ISO the utility still handles distribution and
             | often transmission, but generation decisions (like when
             | should I turn on my plant and what should my output be) are
             | handled by the ISOs optimization auction based off various
             | inputs from the generator such as costs and constraints.
             | 
             | In theory, this ISO setup has saved untold millions of
             | dollars (probably billions), by operating the grid
             | regionally in a much more efficient manner than in the days
             | of old. It is hard to tell though as you can't do a direct
             | comparison very easily. The economists certainly like the
             | price signals though, but there are numerous issues.
        
           | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
           | >To reduce energy costs... you'll need about double the
           | current energy production we have today.
           | 
           | I'm worried that if we were to double energy production, all
           | of the new surplus would be soaked up by data centers.
        
             | terminalshort wrote:
             | The entire point of producing more energy is to consume it.
             | A surplus of electricity on the grid is actually a bad
             | thing that needs to be dealt with.
        
               | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
               | >The entire point of producing more energy is to consume
               | it.
               | 
               | If the point of producing more energy is to produce more
               | products, and instead it gets gobbled up by idiots giving
               | us the next crappy phone app that runs in the cloud, then
               | it's not me that's missing the point si it?
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | All those computers in the data center are just as much
               | products as anything else. If you don't like the apps, by
               | all means don't buy them.
        
         | K0balt wrote:
         | Manufacturing means, realistically, bootstrapping the general
         | purpose robots that will foment the "third Industrial
         | Revolution", which will revolutionize capital and make money
         | largely irrelevant. Energy, materials, and automation are the
         | only relevant factors for capital in the post-employment era.
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | Oh yeah, I also like post-scarcity SF like Iain M. Banks.
           | Funny names for those ships, right? So we're betting
           | everything on infusing humanoid robots with "AI" and
           | abundance will automatically follow? I'm missing a lot of
           | steps here inbetween. Will we live in harmony or will it be a
           | massive scramble by the various nations to extract every
           | single piece of natural resource by way of PvP? Oh right, the
           | robots will fight. It'll be like that ancient robot-fighting
           | show. We'll have that show too, but it'll be AI slop now, and
           | it'll be entertainment for the robot warfighters while they
           | charge their batteries.
           | 
           | Can't we just make the billionaires buy everyone a robot from
           | China instead? Oh wait, their money will be useless in a
           | post-scarcity society and they will just be like any regular
           | Joe. Wait a minute. That seems like a massive conflict of
           | interest. Hmmm.
        
             | pepperball wrote:
             | > Can't we just make the billionaires buy everyone a robot
             | from China instead? Oh wait, their money will be useless in
             | a post-scarcity society and they will just be like any
             | regular Joe. Wait a minute. That seems like a massive
             | conflict of interest. Hmmm.
             | 
             | Dude it's all good. Just snort another line and fall in the
             | techno-delusion.
        
       | m000 wrote:
       | Can someone please fix the title? s/Jensen/Nvidia CEO/
        
       | metalman wrote:
       | My grandfather worked in the aleganey forge running the tempering
       | ovens for very large metal forgings. Raised a family,4 kids, kept
       | the farm, retired and lived 30years more, and there was some
       | money left for everybody. He bemoned the selling off?, out, of
       | american manufacturing that began in the 1970's. He was the kind
       | of american who was comfortably unaware of the rest of the world,
       | perhaps ever so slightly embarassed by his unworldlyness, only
       | having a high school educatiin, but also completly untroubled by
       | anything, anywhere, ever bieng a real concern.He had worked on
       | the 16" guns that are still to be seen on the decks of WWII
       | battleships. But instead of an enduring world peace and
       | prosperity he got to see the errosion of the american dream, and
       | the desruction of americas strength from within. As a further
       | illustration, granpa and grandma, used to go visit "uncle
       | kieth"in NYC, St.marks place, 6th st, between 2nd and 3rd ave,
       | manhatten, in the 70's ,80's and early 90's, stayed in the truck
       | camper, parked on the street,an unspoken,unwritten imunity
       | convieghed by that little bit of mud in the fender wells.
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | People love the abundance of cheap affordable stuff more than
       | they love their neighbors having work.
       | 
       | It's also a positive feedback loop, where the less money people
       | have from a lack of good jobs, the more they will choose cheap
       | foreign goods to buy. Never mind that if you are in an
       | economically productive sector, this whole cheap shit bonanza is
       | just pure upside for you (with a touch of dissonance to maintain
       | moral purity, of course).
       | 
       | Bringing jobs "back" probably isn't going to do much. We need a
       | cultural shift away from Temu, Shine, Amazon, Walmart, Dollar
       | General and towards spending more money for less goods.
       | 
       | Which is going to be about as popular as proposing we go back to
       | land lines.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Who is "we"? Jensen, where are your chips made? You're part of
       | the problem.
        
       | runako wrote:
       | There are so many underlying changes to the established
       | relationship between Labor and Capital in the US that would be a
       | necessary part of keeping jobs here that it would effectively
       | make us a completely different country.
       | 
       | For example -- suppose one could snap one's fingers and "bring
       | back" millions of manufacturing jobs. What would lead one to
       | conclude those would be the kind of "good jobs" everyone is
       | envisioning? Historically, they were better jobs due to a strong
       | labor movement, but that movement has been largely destroyed.
       | 
       | Similarly, if we want widespread prosperity, there is no reason
       | service jobs should not be "good jobs." There is no economic rule
       | that says that riveting should pay more than taking care of the
       | elderly or food delivery.
       | 
       | We have jobs, we have just decided that the people working those
       | jobs are not deserving of prosperity. If we re-shore jobs, what
       | would make anyone think we would treat those jobs differently?
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | What's your point? Say everything you just said again, but with
         | software engineering and Indians, instead of manufacturing and
         | the Chinese, or textiles and Vietnam and Pakistan.
         | 
         | There's no reason American cars need to exist either, they
         | basically all perform worse dollar-for-dollar, feature-for-
         | feature, than foreign cars.
         | 
         | In fact, let's offshore everything. There's no reason not to
         | use Filipinos for McDonald's and In-n-Out drive-thru speakers.
         | 
         | Let's all adopt Chinese tang ping. Lay down and die. Treat
         | every effort of labor as replaceable and void of respect.
         | 
         | If China and India wanted to wage effortless war with the US
         | all it would have to do is stop exporting goods and labor to
         | us.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | Please read my comment again. This time, consider that our
           | laws and regulations are not laws of physics or axioms of
           | mathematics and are therefore able to be changed. The comment
           | will make more sense in that light.
        
         | luma wrote:
         | Service jobs are hard to export, it's just moving money around
         | inside your country. Riveting is a job that produces goods that
         | can be exported for incoming cash, elderly care isn't.
        
           | khuey wrote:
           | Depends on the service. Call center work was easy to export.
        
             | tharkun__ wrote:
             | I don't think that's how your parent meant this.
             | 
             | It wasn't about the _labour_ part and whether that is
             | exportable in the off-shoring sense.
             | 
             | It's about the _product_ being exportable (in the sense of
             | being able to sell it for money outside of your country)
             | vs. just having people within your own economy doing  "left
             | pocket <-> right pocket".
             | 
             | And even with that, you can sell a waiter's service to
             | other countries. You just have to first make them come -
             | it's called tourism and comes with a whole lot of other
             | jobs / supply chain(s) as well. Some of which can
             | themselves be off-shored!
        
           | malvim wrote:
           | That is a fundamental distinction, yes. But the notion that
           | exporting brings wealth to a country is... kinda not really
           | the case anymore.
           | 
           | If that wealth is ending up in very few people's hands, and
           | if said people are wealthy enough that they keep their money
           | offshore (which is the case a lot of the time), what is the
           | big difference in making something you can export?
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > Riveting is a job that produces goods that can be exported
           | for incoming cash, elderly care isn't.
           | 
           | Where's the distinction between "moving money around inside
           | your country" and "goods that can be exported for incoming
           | cash"? If you go to mcdonalds to buy a burger instead of
           | making it yourself, is that also "moving money around inside
           | your country"? What about paying some carpenter to make a
           | chair rather than making it yourself? Should we just cancel
           | all jobs that can't plausibly produce stuff that can
           | exported?
        
           | terminalshort wrote:
           | That's why we import cheap illegals for those.
        
             | almosthere wrote:
             | Slavor
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | Curious that there are two parties involved in lawbreaking
             | but only one of them gets called an "illegal".
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | This makes next to no sense. Service jobs aren't "just moving
           | money around inside your country" for the same reason that
           | exporting goods isn't "just moving money around inside your
           | planet".
           | 
           | Services sell time and skills directly, instead of in the
           | form of a tangible good. That's it.
        
           | blargey wrote:
           | It's also hard to export manufactured goods if they're not
           | price-competitive on their own merits.
        
           | themaninthedark wrote:
           | Unless elderly care is too expensive and people have their
           | parents live with them.
           | 
           | In the late 90's when we talked about the transition to the
           | Service Economy, jobs such as call center were touted as the
           | way forward for the recently unemployed textile workers.
           | Until we found we could move those to the Caribbean,
           | Philippines and India.
           | 
           | I remember a number of people talking about how they could
           | make decent money bar-tending and waiting tables. Until the
           | economy slowed down and people stopped eating out.
           | 
           | Service is job that you pay someone else to do because you
           | don't want to do it, which is great until you have less
           | income. Then it becomes a budget line item that can be cut.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | Depends on the service. The US is a huge exporter of
           | financial services.
        
         | stuffn wrote:
         | > What would lead one to conclude those would be the kind of
         | "good jobs" everyone is envisioning
         | 
         | Your entire political statement aside manufacturing was always
         | a good job. I'm not sure if you realize what kind of skilled
         | labor went into manufacturing:
         | 
         | 1. Machining 2. Tool and Die 3. Welding 4. Etc
         | 
         | Hell when I was working in construction I was making 20 dollars
         | an hour at 18. That's good money, and at the time if I would've
         | stuck to it I would've been able to afford a decent life. My
         | stint as a machinist while backbreaking at times was a good
         | highly rewarding job.
         | 
         | Now, to address your political point. Yes, jobs should pay a
         | living wage. Unfortunately even with such "wage suppression"
         | America is still one of the most expensive countries to live
         | in. We subsidize global food, drugs, etc. I can only agree with
         | your point if we simultaneously become an export economy, and
         | reduce or remove all global subsidy. But the party who supports
         | raising wages also supports near limitless spending on the less
         | fortunate countries. You cannot have both.
        
           | wvenable wrote:
           | "The United States provides over 40% of the world's
           | humanitarian aid, and spends around 1% of its budget on
           | foreign aid, including _military aid_. Surveys suggest that
           | Americans believe 20% of the federal budget is spent on
           | foreign aid, and that 59% of Americans believe the government
           | spends too much on foreign aid "
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_14169
        
             | stuffn wrote:
             | Wikipedia isn't a primary source. Your entire point can be
             | disregarded.
        
               | Timon3 wrote:
               | Do you have a primary source showing that "the party who
               | supports raising wages also supports near limitless
               | spending on the less fortunate countries"?
        
               | ericjmorey wrote:
               | Your unwillingness to read the primary sources linked in
               | the Wikipedia article because they show how you're flat
               | out wrong indicates that your entire thought process can
               | be disregarded at no cost.
               | 
               | https://www.euronews.com/2025/01/29/us-freeze-on-foreign-
               | aid...
               | 
               | https://usafacts.org/answers/how-much-foreign-aid-does-
               | the-u...
        
               | wvenable wrote:
               | Literally every sentence of that quote has sources listed
               | in Wikipedia.
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | > But the party who supports raising wages also supports near
           | limitless spending on the less fortunate countries. You
           | cannot have both.
           | 
           | Do they? Who advocates near limitless spending? Last I
           | checked foreign aid was less than 1% of the federal budget.
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | It's about 1.2% in 2024 with 0.24% being Israel.
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | .24 of the 1.2?
               | 
               | I would have believed Ukraine to have been the largest.
        
           | modo_mario wrote:
           | >I can only agree with your point if we simultaneously become
           | an export economy, and reduce or remove all global subsidy.
           | 
           | Would that not come with the end of the dollar as a reserve
           | currency trough which the world essentially subsidizes
           | american imports?
        
             | stuffn wrote:
             | Necessarily.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | I'm not sure wilder:
           | 
           | - $20/hr for hazardous work is "good money"
           | 
           | - your suggestion that we become an export economy, here on a
           | forum where many people are working on products that will be
           | purchased by the world but not counted as exports (examples
           | of non-exporters who collect money from around the globe:
           | Meta, Google, OpenAI, Anthropic, JP Morgan Chase, Citibank,
           | AWS)
           | 
           | - the idea that the way to prosperity is for Americans to
           | move back into lower-productivity jobs. (Here I ask you to
           | look up the revenue per employee of Costco and JP Morgan and
           | on the other hand good manufacturers like Steelcase and
           | Lockheed Martin and Eaton. What do you think happens if we
           | move the workforce from higher-productivity jobs to lower-
           | productivity jobs?)
           | 
           | - your confusion of an economic point with a political point
        
         | afavour wrote:
         | Manufacturing in particular... it's very easy for folks to say
         | we should bring those jobs back to the US but people are often
         | shocked when confronted with the prices of items manufactured
         | in the US. I don't say that to dismiss the thought but it would
         | be a lot more difficult for folks to swallow than they think it
         | would be.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | That's why I don't like to blame corporations for
           | outsourcing. The consumers outsource every time they select
           | for cost.
        
             | miltonlost wrote:
             | That's why I do blame corporations for outsourcing. The
             | companies outsource every time they select for more profit
             | for their owners and not for sharing among the workers.
        
             | afavour wrote:
             | I'm not aware of that many times where I've had a choice. I
             | could get a nice, expensive dress shirt made in the US but
             | for general clothing it's extremely difficult to buy
             | domestic.
             | 
             | Frankly, a lot of the corporations are still to blame
             | because they're the ones actively concentrating wealth at
             | the top. If I had more disposable income I'd buy more made
             | in the US products but my budget simply doesn't allow it.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Clothing is one of the hardest things to automate
               | production of. We have had the "women at a sewing
               | machine" since about 1850. Bring that 1850 women to 2026
               | with the latest computerized sewing machine and she would
               | be equally productive as she was back then in an hour,
               | and even after working that machine for a decade would
               | not be much faster than she was. We can do a few fancy
               | stitches today that she would have had to do by hand with
               | the machine - but mostly we do them less know even though
               | the machines are faster.
        
               | ffsm8 wrote:
               | Nonsense, it's just cheaper to pay someone without any
               | rights 50c/h then to automate it
               | 
               | If that industry was still in the area, they'd be
               | automating the shit outta it. It's just not worth it
               | right now considering there are always literal wage
               | slaves in some place they can ship in for their
               | sweatshops
               | 
               | Also, even locally produced premium clothing uses
               | materials sourced from literal slave labour. There is no
               | consumer decision anywhere, because the immorally sourced
               | materials are just too cheap... And if you're willing to
               | pay a premium for your morals, someone in the middle will
               | just take it and fulfill the order with the cheap stuff.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | > _If that industry was still in the area, they 'd be
               | automating the shit outta it._
               | 
               | ... and the jobs that were provided go poof again.
        
               | ffsm8 wrote:
               | Not all of them, even automated industry is generally
               | good at the macro level
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | They have been trying. Clothing is hard to automate. It
               | needs to stretch and flex which is a problem for
               | machines. We need many different sizes which makes things
               | harder
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >If I had more disposable income I'd buy more made in the
               | US products but my budget simply doesn't allow it.
               | 
               | How's that much different than the parent's claim of "The
               | consumers outsource every time they select for cost."?
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | It isn't. I'm saying that people select for cost because
               | corporations are actively engaged in pooling resources
               | for the rich. If they didn't people wouldn't need to
               | select for cost as much as they do.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >I'm saying that people select for cost because
               | corporations are actively engaged in pooling resources
               | for the rich.
               | 
               | People select for cost when resources are finite. This is
               | going to be the case until we reach a post-scarcity
               | economy, rich people or not. It's not like under
               | communism everyone was driving around in lambos on gold
               | paved streets.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | When do you intentionally overpay for goods or services?
               | 
               | Are you haggling with your mechanic, landlord/mortgage
               | lender, or grocery store to pay them more money than
               | they're asking for, or do you purposely seek out
               | suppliers that do not provide the offering with the best
               | value?
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | But you wouldn't. You, and everybody else, would see
               | several shirts that looked basically the same and not
               | pick the expensive one without giving it any more
               | thought. If you think I'm wrong, go start a company that
               | makes shirts in the US. You will make a fortune because
               | demand is completely unmet.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Even expensive brands are usually made overseas. I looked
               | at a couple of random pieces of expensive Patagonia
               | outerwear in my closet. One was made in Vietnam. The
               | other in Bangladesh.
               | 
               | Sure, you can get custom/semi-custom dress clothing made
               | in the US. Probably other things (at an eye-watering
               | premium). Which may be OK if you buy very little
               | clothing. But mostly forget about going into a store and
               | picking things off the rack.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | Right, because there is virtually no difference in
               | quality so companies go with the lower labor costs (as
               | does basically everyone else on earth who is looking to
               | have a task completed).
        
               | runako wrote:
               | IIRC the last company that manufactured men's dress
               | shirts in the US closed not too long ago. They really
               | were dedicated to making stuff here. The economics just
               | simply did not support it. Which is another way of saying
               | people would not pay the necessary price premium.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | The expertise to do that isn't here anymore on a scale to
               | satisfy the majority of the market.
               | 
               | However that is likely exactly what happened when it was
               | finally pretty much killed of in the 90s. At some point
               | clothes were made largely domestically. Some
               | manufacturers started offshoring while others didn't. At
               | that point consumers had a choice, the choice they made
               | was to drive the onshore industries out of business or
               | offshore.
               | 
               | There might be some argument people have more surplus
               | wealth now though, and they'd rather en masse buy those
               | domestic products than healthcare, healthy food for their
               | children, education, housing, and the other stuff that
               | absorbs all the income we can muster. Of course I think
               | there is always a market for people with money for luxury
               | goods, some of them buy USA because it is USA.
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | This is true, but let's not pretend that "healthcare,
               | healthy food for their children, education, housing" is
               | what's absorbing all the money. Average car payment is
               | around 700 bucks a month now.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | The median car payment is $0.
               | 
               | ~75% of cars are bought used and according to Experian
               | only 33.5% of those are financed. When adding 80% new
               | cars financed you're already under 50%. Then consider
               | already paid off vehicles.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | That's what tariffs are for. These are macroeconomic
               | decisions, not decisions that should flow down to
               | individuals, to be thought of as their responsibility and
               | their moral failing.
               | 
               | Individuals shouldn't be expected to choose to buy
               | American. It's a cost with an at best extremely distant
               | (in time and space) benefit for an individual, and a non-
               | existent benefit unless _everyone_ does it. Instead, when
               | goods are produced by foreign slavers and polluters, they
               | should either be barred from import (if they 're morally
               | impossible to support) or taxed arbitrarily in order to
               | optimize the local market, for which discriminatory taxes
               | are not a factor.
               | 
               | But all if this is bad faith reasoning in general. What
               | is produced is shit clothing, with shit treatment of the
               | workers producing it, and intentionally outmoded by
               | planned fashion cycles. If it were quality clothing being
               | imported, labor costs would be a much smaller part of the
               | costs, and therefore of the potential lost margins if
               | owners failed to maximize the exploitation of labor.
               | Tariffs wouldn't even effect quality imported clothing.
               | What they would do is kill the shit imported clothing
               | market, and allow us to redevelop a shit domestic
               | clothing market if the minimum wage were low (i.e.
               | sweatshops), or if we raise the local minimum wage, force
               | a quality local clothing market.
               | 
               | > I'm wrong, go start a company that makes shirts in the
               | US. You will make a fortune because demand is completely
               | unmet.
               | 
               | The belief that macroeconomic problems should be solved
               | by spontaneous generation is a form of religious
               | capitalism. The fact that it doesn't ever happen is
               | pointed to as the evidence that we are always at an
               | eternal maxima. It's a practiced, self-serving denial
               | that our economy is always actively managed by a very few
               | people.
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | You seem to think I'm trying to make some moral point but
               | nothing I said has the slightest thing to do with
               | morality. It is simple fact of incentives and human
               | behavior.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | I recently came to a tangential realization (obviously
               | I'm not the first to notice) regarding "cheap Chinese
               | knockoffs":
               | 
               | The US company outsources the manufacturing to China
               | because "they have to" (I don't necessarily agree with
               | that), Chinese company keeps the assembly line running a
               | few extra hours and resells the units back in the US
               | under a slightly different name.
               | 
               | This equation is so comical to me:
               | 
               | The greed-driven US company screams that it's "fake", yet
               | they didn't do anything illegal by outsourcing, just put
               | Americans out of jobs. But if they don't build in China,
               | a competitor will.
               | 
               | The Chinese company is driven by the same "profit over
               | everything" motive and doesn't infringe on the US
               | companys trade mark, but competes with the US company
               | with essentially an identical product minus the R&D
               | costs.
               | 
               | US company cries foul, "they're stealing our trade
               | secrets!" Creates FUD about China but has no legal
               | standing to do anything about it. Reeks of the same
               | "immoral but completely legal" argument the former/would-
               | be employees make
        
               | Braxton1980 wrote:
               | Does your budget not allow it or have you allocated it
               | elsewhere with optional or luxury purchases?
               | 
               | Most people don't drive around in a base Honda Civic.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | It would be a virtuous cycle, though, right? If we had the
             | right incentives for keeping manufacturing here, then sure,
             | prices would be somewhat higher [0], but so would income
             | for the very people who would be buying.
             | 
             | [0] But how much higher, really? On a mass production line,
             | what is the actual contribution of wages to the cost to
             | produce?
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | That's not a virtuous cycle, that's inflation.
               | 
               | Assuming the local versus offshore good is a perfect
               | substitute, that means that the value has not changed.
               | 
               | Paying more for the local good means your money is worth
               | less, as it buys less value.
               | 
               | Your question on the production line doesn't account for
               | all of the precursors also being local, plus the local
               | energy rates, local taxes, local rents, and so on.
               | _Everything_ tends to be more expensive, otherwise the
               | cost of managing offshore production wouldn 't be worth
               | the effort.
               | 
               | Total isolation only works when there's still room to
               | grow by way of some underutilized resource- cheap labor,
               | land, or something extractable from the environment like
               | wood or minerals.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > That's not a virtuous cycle, that's inflation.
               | 
               | From purely a price perspective, sure. But there are
               | other advantages to maintaining production capacity
               | within our own country.
               | 
               | Plus, doesn't offshoring effectively push the whole world
               | towards a common cost-of-living/income ratio? Great if
               | you're labor in a struggling country, bad if you are
               | labor in the richest country in the world.
        
             | smallmancontrov wrote:
             | Pretending to not understand how game theory works is a
             | choice -- more of a choice than customers have.
             | 
             | Companies are also constrained to do labor arbitrage once
             | the rules allow it, but they were the ones who lobbied the
             | rules into place and they were the ones to profit from the
             | rules, so they have far more culpability here.
        
           | mothballed wrote:
           | The jobs also generally suck.
           | 
           | I've worked a wide array of blue collar jobs and
           | manufacturing I always found some of the worst, even worse
           | than stuff like general labor building houses or working on
           | fishing trawlers in the Bering sea because at least that
           | stuff wasn't nearly as rote.
           | 
           | You stand at a machine doing the same fucking thing over and
           | over. Do one thing wrong, your finger gets chopped up -- you
           | think that sounds easy but wait until you're up all night
           | taking care of a screaming infant and then have to come in so
           | your family doesn't starve, then you make a simple mistake
           | and now part of your body is gone. Often a overnight shift. I
           | would find myself waking up at 2,3 am moving my arms but
           | completely unconscious. Sometimes I would catch myself before
           | I stick my hand into something that would break it apart. One
           | place I was working, about half the people were missing
           | fingers.
           | 
           | I don't know why on earth you would want to bring back people
           | getting burned alive in steel mills or their fingers chopped
           | up when a stamping machine has all its safeties break because
           | maintenance didn't maintain them right. Why we would trade
           | away our comparative advantage in things like designing
           | widgets and instead do the awful work making them is beyond
           | me unless you are so desperate it's your only option.
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | Because in a lot of people's minds having ~1/1000 of your
             | coworkers killed for every decade you work at the factory
             | still sucks less than taking orders from some algorithm
             | crafted in a downtown office by someone who wants to
             | exploit you at best and hates you and your way of life at
             | worst.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | In the factory you get both. With essentially zero chance
               | to change the algorithm. When my father worked in the
               | factory he found a way to manufacture the product faster
               | and cheaper and just as safely, and rearranged the
               | factory to do so. He was punished by management for
               | altering the algorithm and also ostracized by fellow
               | workers because they perceived it as reducing the demand
               | for jobs.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | Yup, that does sure sound like a silent-generation or
               | boomer era story.
               | 
               | I'm sure pockets of that stuff are left but pretty much
               | all of "those sorts" of "we don't pay you to think"
               | workplaces either transitioned or went tits up over the
               | course of the 1980s and 1990s as the Japanese management
               | made its way to the US (though one could argue it's come
               | back over the past 10-15yr).
               | 
               | Now, of course if you are doing something that's as
               | unskilled as unskilled gets or in a particularly perverse
               | workplace you'll encounter those conditions, but they are
               | absolutely not the norm. The business schools these days
               | teach various flavors of "it's cheaper to run a workplace
               | people feel doesn't suck".
               | 
               | This stuff goes through phases to some extent. The 1920s
               | and 30s were adversarial. The 1940s-60s were more
               | cooperative. The 1960s-80s were not great. 90s and 00s
               | were quite collaborative. Now we've kind of got another
               | wave of "management knows best" and adversarial thinking
               | that's waning.
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | That's the American dream story- always starts with dad
               | getting yelled at for making things better and faster -
               | the next sentence in the founding documents: So he went
               | his own way and now we have NicoCloth Inc. which in the
               | years since has become a global corporation.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | Pretty sure they regulated that out of existence in the
               | past several decades. Now best you can hope for is to be
               | bought out by the competitor of the company you left
               | sometime before the 50 employee mark.
               | 
               | (only partly joking, and that part is way smaller than I
               | want it to be)
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | Well, I hope to think it's still possible.
        
             | themaninthedark wrote:
             | There are some people who like the rote work. You and I may
             | not but some of the people I talk to like that they can
             | basically "turn their thinking off" and get paid.
             | 
             | >Do one thing wrong, your finger gets chopped up This
             | should not be possible in the US. OSHA is still in
             | existence(you could argue that the future state is unknown)
             | 
             | https://www.osha.gov/laws-
             | regs/regulations/standardnumber/19... >1910.212(a)(1)
             | >Types of guarding. One or more methods of machine guarding
             | shall be provided to protect the operator and other
             | employees in the machine area from hazards such as those
             | created by point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating
             | parts, flying chips and sparks. Examples of guarding
             | methods are - barrier guards, two-hand tripping devices,
             | electronic safety devices, etc.
             | 
             | > a stamping machine has all its safeties break because
             | maintenance didn't maintain them right. When the safety on
             | a machine fails, the machine should stop. If it does not,
             | then the safety was not installed correctly.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | Sounds nice but not reality. The price of paying out a
               | finger every few years is a lot cheaper than paying for
               | maintenance and safety equipment.
        
               | cpursley wrote:
               | Where was this? Because that's not true in the US, land
               | of the personal injury attorney. My brother used to be a
               | machine salesperson. He got a call from a law firm couple
               | years after his company sold a machine asking about a
               | particular one that was sold (not even by him) because
               | their client lost a body part. Those payouts often end up
               | in the millions.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | A payout in the million doesn't seem in disagreement with
               | the OPs assertion that the payouts make economic sense
               | for these companies.
               | 
               | I think the picture you paint of the US is rosier than
               | the reality. Brings to mind the death of a 16 year old
               | working in a poultry processing plant:
               | 
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/slaughterhouse-
               | children...
               | 
               | These companies know what they're doing.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | I've worked some in metal fabrication and supported some
               | light industry. if you think anyone in a normal business
               | in the US that hires less than 50 hourly people has even
               | read the OSHA regs, you're completely unconnected with
               | the reality
               | 
               | we really do call those stamping machines 'finger eaters'
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | I work in manufacturing and stamping machines scare the
               | shit out of me, usually because of the forces involved
               | but I did work on some that were not guarded. That was
               | not in the US however.
               | 
               | My first job with a stamping machine was in a company
               | with about 30 production workers. This was early 2000s in
               | the southern US, all the workers were from Latin America
               | and I think that most of them were not here legally(I say
               | this because the company used temp agencies to employ the
               | workers and at one point later they wanted to bring one
               | of them on in a management role so they had me(also a
               | temp) ask if the person wanted too switch the the higher
               | paying but also requiring them to submit legal documents
               | role).
               | 
               | Even under those circumstances, I never saw the company
               | do something that skirted OSHA regs. Their stamping
               | machine was a POS that was annoying as hell to use,
               | mostly because the light curtain and other safetys kept
               | tripping but it was never bypassed.
        
               | nonford150 wrote:
               | Or more likely, the safety measures were bypassed because
               | they were a PITA. You can put all of safety measures you
               | want on equipment, but humans have this insane mindset of
               | faster = better. Yes, that includes top to bottom of
               | companies.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | Doing rote work is better than no work and living off the
             | government.
             | 
             | People in those rote jobs enjoy the camaraderie, the beers
             | after work and putting their kids through school. Something
             | an unemployed person has more difficulty doing.
             | 
             | Even the great USSR had huge amounts of rote work. People
             | found a way to live life.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | Sure, let's adopt the Soviet model of "we pretend to
               | work, and they pretend to pay" because what could go
               | wrong there!
               | 
               | You're basically asking every consumer to pay more for
               | goods so someone can feel better about themselves
               | personally (at the cost of someone who they don't share a
               | country with). I'm not sure if you've met many people,
               | but it's not a very compelling argument, nor a morally
               | superior one due to the global impact.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | It's going to cost the consumer one way or another.
               | Either taxes, (cities still need to take in taxes, so if
               | they lose taxpayers, their option is to levy more taxes),
               | quality of life (more homeless, less municipal money for
               | maintenance due to social costs, etc.)
               | 
               | I'd prefer things to cost more than to have cheap crap
               | but at the cost of social/employment issues. I don't need
               | new fashion every year. I don't need new appliances every
               | few years. I can do with less consumerism in exchange for
               | my neighbor being able to have a job, boring as it may
               | be. At least he's not calculating the cost of suicide and
               | wondering if he'll be around for the kids 18th birthday.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | > It's going to cost the consumer one way or another.
               | Either taxes, (cities still need to take in taxes, so if
               | they lose taxpayers, their option is to levy more taxes),
               | quality of life (more homeless, less municipal money for
               | maintenance due to social costs, etc.)
               | 
               | It's actually not, because people aren't required to live
               | near people who consume more in social services than they
               | contribute in taxes. Areas like you describe exist, but
               | basically contain the people who are unable or unwilling
               | to leave an economically depressed area. Most people just
               | leave.
               | 
               | > I'd prefer things to cost more than to have cheap crap
               | but at the cost of social/employment issues. I don't need
               | new fashion every year. I don't need new appliances every
               | few years. I can do with less consumerism in exchange for
               | my neighbor being able to have a job, boring as it may
               | be. At least he's not calculating the cost of suicide and
               | wondering if he'll be around for the kids 18th birthday.
               | 
               | I don't disagree entirely, but most people do based on
               | behavior.
               | 
               | It's not a simple problem at all, including what is fair
               | to consumers and the businesses themselves which have to
               | compete with other companies that don't have artificially
               | inflated expenses.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | Out of all the many industries out there, I don't
             | understand why we keep glorifying and romanticizing
             | manufacturing and trying to "bring it back." I've also
             | worked a few of these jobs and you're right: THEY SUCK.
             | Depending on what you are manufacturing, it can be boring,
             | stressful, stinky, physically taxing, or dangerous. And
             | most of them, even the highly skilled ones, don't pay well.
             | For the sake of our own society, we should be getting rid
             | of these jobs, not adding them.
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | Because there are 300M people in the US and not all of
               | them can have your cushy SSE role. See all the homeless
               | people - it's because we're selling them out.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | Maybe not literally all but certainly most. We hardly
               | have any farmers or factory workers compared to what we
               | had at one point. They've mostly moved onto cushy office
               | jobs.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | that's a very incomplete view though. How many of those
               | would take up the newly created manufacturing jobs? How
               | many of those can be trained to do other, better jobs?
               | There are reason to bring some manufacturing jobs back
               | for national security interests etc, but from a labor and
               | economics perspective, it seems a better investment is
               | first to try to invest in people such that more of the
               | current labor pool can be engaged in "better" jobs first.
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | > For the sake of our own society, we should be getting
               | rid of these jobs, not adding them.
               | 
               | So let me get this strait. You think these dangerous,
               | monotonous jobs are bad for "our own society" so the best
               | thing for "our own society" is to export these dangerous
               | jobs to another society "own own society" doesn't give a
               | shit about. Wonderful.
               | 
               | I can't believe how ignorant and callous people can
               | openly be.
        
               | mothballed wrote:
               | You can't seriously believe those other societies are
               | taking manufacturing jobs because they are worse than
               | what they already have. People in the 3rd world are less
               | fortunate; they're not dumb -- they want the same as us:
               | better lives for themselves and their family. If they're
               | working in a factory and not the alternatives it's
               | because they passed something else along the way that was
               | an even shittier option than that.
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | > You can't seriously believe those other societies are
               | taking manufacturing jobs because they are worse than
               | what they already have.
               | 
               | My statement is in reply to those who are unconcerned
               | about exploiting desperate societies.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | Short of going back to a society of married families with
               | a single income, there isn't really a solution to keeping
               | everyone working and making an income though. Without
               | jobs, we revert from a modern society to a third world
               | nation.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | > I don't know why on earth you would want to bring back
             | people getting burned alive in steel mills
             | 
             | We don't want to bring back their 3rd world safety
             | standards. We just want to bring the jobs. Factory work can
             | be less rote if teams rotate or their employer provides
             | enough rest. Unions are a potential solution to this issue.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | > Unions are a potential solution to this issue
               | 
               | This is part of the Labor vs Capital stuff I mentioned in
               | my post. We're not likely to have strong unions again in
               | the near future, so any jobs we bring are likely going to
               | be dangerous in addition to carrying low pay.
               | 
               | OTOH if we posit strong Labor, the good news is we have a
               | lot of jobs now that we can turn into Good Jobs. We
               | could, for example, make it so that any large employer
               | pay their employees enough such that nobody who works for
               | them full time (including contractors) is eligible for
               | income-based government assistance at the state or
               | federal level. We could choose to expand those rules to
               | any organization over a certain size. There's a lot we
               | can do to turn Bad Jobs into Better Jobs without boiling
               | the ocean and moving industry supply chains.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > You stand at a machine doing the same fucking thing over
             | and over.
             | 
             | Grew up in a machine shop ran by my father and my
             | grandfather ran a one-man tool and die shop and ran the OBI
             | presses himself. No one in that shop lost a finger.
             | 
             | > I don't know why on earth you would want to bring back
             | people getting burned alive in steel mills or their fingers
             | chopped up when a stamping machine has all its safeties
             | break because maintenance didn't maintain them right.
             | 
             | I don't know why on earth you seem to be content with
             | people outside of your country So the laborers in other
             | countries where safety is ignored aren't people?
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | > Why we would trade away our comparative advantage in
             | things like designing widgets
             | 
             | As China has shown over the past 20 years, that advantage
             | erodes quickly if you stop making widgets altogether. It's
             | very easy for widget makers to move up the value chain into
             | widget design. And once they do, you're cooked, there's
             | nowhere to hide.
             | 
             | Not to mention, widget design can't absorb as much labor
             | supply as widget production. And many people can't do
             | widget design, still need a living, and would be perfectly
             | competent widget makers. So...you gotta solve for that if
             | you focus only on widget design.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > You stand at a machine doing the same fucking thing over
             | and over.
             | 
             | Grew up in a machine shop ran by my father and my
             | grandfather ran a one-man tool and die shop and ran the OBI
             | presses himself. I ran the press, milling machines, lathes
             | and saws. No one in that shop was missing body parts. Sure,
             | its monotonous at times but that can be said about many
             | jobs. A well ran shop should not put you in harms way.
             | 
             | > I don't know why on earth you would want to bring back
             | people getting burned alive in steel mills or their fingers
             | chopped up when a stamping machine has all its safeties
             | break because maintenance didn't maintain them right.
             | 
             | I don't know why on earth you seem to be content with other
             | people being subject to the same conditions.
        
           | themaninthedark wrote:
           | Theoretically wages should rise due to the increased demand
           | in labor.
           | 
           | In practice, not sure. But it's not like the prices dropped
           | drastically when mfg. was outsourced, the companies pocketed
           | a most of the savings as profit.
        
             | spankalee wrote:
             | Prices absolutely _did_ drop dramatically for many, many
             | things that are manufactured overseas. Goods from from
             | clothes to electronics are vastly cheaper.
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | How much is that due to genuine innovation in
               | manufacturing and automation vs cheaper labour and a lack
               | of environmental and human rights regulations?
        
               | almosthere wrote:
               | For clothing, for the most part is an Indian woman that
               | is moving the cloth on a sewing machine still. We have
               | not LLM'd making clothes yet. Nike and a few other
               | companies are working on 3d printing shoes, but it's not
               | comparable to hand made yet.
               | 
               | For the most part, the price of a shirt made in India vs
               | USA is the cost of labor. The Indian woman will work for
               | $3 per hour which is a decent wage for that area (don't
               | fact check me, it's just a guess here). She can probably
               | make 5 shirts an hour.
               | 
               | A woman in the United States will make $16 per hour and
               | still make just 5 shirts (or less - more rules in the US
               | about breaks, and probably streaming Netflix too)
               | 
               | Now the company that sells the shirt at Walmart for $10
               | will have a profit margin of probably $5 per shirt from
               | the Indian labor, and $1 from the US labor.
               | 
               | Technically after the industry is built out more we may
               | be able to squeeze more shirts per hour if we start doing
               | technical innovations (for example we make a machine that
               | pre-sews 5 of the seams because of innovation. This is
               | something that won't happen if the center of gravity is
               | in India, but may happen in the US. (Actually today that
               | may happen in India as tech is taking on its own thing
               | there now).
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | If we cut costs and automate the way China has automated
               | - some factories run without any lighting at all because
               | it's all robots running in the dark - then there aren't
               | going to be a lot of jobs created by on-shoring. And the
               | only way to create a product on-shore that approaches the
               | pricing of the Chinese equivalent is to heavily automate.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | "Lights out" has been the big automation meme since
               | before China joined the WTO. Everyone has gotten better
               | over time but it's still "high school sex bragging
               | rules": a few people are doing it but not nearly as many
               | as brag about doing it.
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | Clothes are nowhere near as heavily automatable as people
               | like to believe they are, is the problem. Unlike many
               | other goods, nearly every article of clothing produced
               | today is still produced with human hands. This does not
               | mesh well with the fact that the modern public has been
               | trained not to value apparel; people expect to casually
               | buy items of clothing for less than they'd spend on a
               | single meal.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | It's not like the cost of clothes would be that much more
               | if produced domestically though... the difference is the
               | margins would be lower, a domestic employee would have a
               | job and the domestic economy as a whole would be stronger
               | as a result. Not to mention, the lower margin also means
               | the wealth gap would be more narrow and there would be
               | less incentive to stoke the flames of class warfare.
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | Why do people assume that clothes (and other goods, mind
               | you) produced in the US are a mere hypothetical? There
               | are _plenty_ of brands that do so, and your general
               | public overwhelmingly ignores them (and, as you have just
               | demonstrated, don 't even know they exist) precisely
               | because they are way more expensive than consumers have
               | been conditioned to believe that clothes should cost.
               | 
               | For instance, actual MiUSA jeans from companies like
               | 3sixteen and Raleigh Denim retail for ~$200+, which is a
               | far cry from the $30 to $50 that most people think jeans
               | "should cost" (and that companies like American Eagle,
               | who have long since outsourced their manufacturing, are
               | happy to provide). Sure, it's not as if MiUSA jeans HAVE
               | to be a few hundred dollars (I believe there are some
               | Gustin's jeans you can pick up for $120 or so), and there
               | are offshored jeans like Levi's which are already
               | overpriced. But you'd have to be very naive to think that
               | there would not be a massive and quite frankly unbearable
               | sticker shock for the vast majority of people if you were
               | to somehow force all domestic clothing demand to be met
               | through domestic production. You could _maybe_ sell it
               | with some very effective austerity propaganda, but good
               | luck with that.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | Manufacturing jobs bring the entire supply chain of the
         | manufacturer with them.
         | 
         | The area where I live, Greenville, SC used to be the textile
         | capital of the world and then became essentially destitute when
         | the entire industry offshored.
         | 
         | BMW and Michelin locating their US HQ here essentially rebuilt
         | this entire corner of the state with jobs and associated supply
         | chains. Now, Greenville is booming with a more diverse economy
         | but all that manufacturing is the root system of prosperity
         | here.
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | Yep. I live here, too, and it's a great place. My primary
           | concern is that we're pretty reliant on just those two
           | companies. If they decide to leave or make major changes, the
           | impact on me (even though I work remotely as a software
           | engineer) would be huge. I hope we manage to diversify.
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | > Manufacturing jobs bring the entire supply chain of the
           | manufacturer with them.
           | 
           | Not really... Manufacturing today is a global process and the
           | entire supply chain is usually spread around the world.
           | 
           | One example for a cotton shirt
           | (https://apps.npr.org/tshirt/): the cotton is grown in
           | Mississippi. It's then shipped to Indonesia to spin the
           | cotton into yarn. The yarn is shipped to Bangladesh for rough
           | cut and sewing. The shirt is shipped to Colombia for final
           | assembly. And finally it's shipped to the USA for purchase.
           | Move any one of those steps to the USA, and the other steps
           | may still be located elsewhere.
           | 
           | Same is true of other items, like cars. Ford may
           | "manufacture" in the US, but the parts and tooling are
           | sourced from elsewhere. It can't manufacture the chips here,
           | because the tooling and process are exclusive to Taiwan. Even
           | if you bought the plant and moved it here, the making of the
           | tools and the processes are still specific to Taiwan. And
           | some steps may be impossible to "bring home", either because
           | some other country has all the raw materials, or all the
           | expertise, or local laws prohibit some part of the process
           | being done here.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | Then why is Germany bemoaning and suffering from their
             | Mittelstand jobs going to Eastern Europe and Asia?
        
             | almosthere wrote:
             | They didn't have those steps outside the USA in 1960, yet
             | people wore shirts. Those steps can come back.
             | 
             | For cars I found it interesting that my water pump on my
             | Dodge Ram is stamped with Made in Italy. Yet the part is
             | fairly small that even if Italy continues to make it, they
             | can ship 50k water pumps in one shipping container to
             | Detroit, and the truck can still be assembled here. That's
             | not an issue. The issue is when the truck is made in Mexico
             | entirely (which I think they still are). I know that's not
             | "the entire supply chain" but it certainly becomes a center
             | of gravity.
             | 
             | Last year many people were talking about dev shops changing
             | their "center of gravity" from the US to other places like
             | Poland. In other words, CEO here, EVERYTHING else is in
             | Poland. Wherever that center of gravity is, that's the
             | country that will benefit the most. They may even hire a
             | remote worker in the US that is up all night - but it will
             | be the exception, not the rule to hire US people.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Clothes are much cheaper than they were in 1960. You
               | could bring the garment industry back to the US but you
               | wouldnt be able to sell your products because they
               | wouldnt be price competitive with sweatshop products.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | You can just ban imports of the sweatshop products.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | The problem is that people like sweatshop products. If
               | you ban them you get voted out because of massive
               | inflation.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | like all Apple products?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Most clothing worn in the U.S. was made in the U.S. even
               | in the 1990s. In the 1980s it was over 70%.
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | For return to happen you need to have a creative economy,
             | not an extractive economy.
             | 
             | Offshoring happened for the simple, dumb reason that it's
             | cheaper and more profitable.
             | 
             | For all the rarara about "America", shareholder patriotism
             | extends exactly as far as quarterly returns. If that means
             | selling out ordinary US workers - do it. Give me the bag.
             | 
             | What offshoring revealed is that _the US is not a
             | culturally integrated country._ The culture of the top 5%
             | or so considers itself completely separate to the rest.
             | 
             | It's a political fault line that was always latent, was
             | somewhat suppressed from the New Deal to Carter, and then
             | came roaring back with Reagan.
             | 
             | Now it's operating at pathological, self-harming levels.
             | The marrow of the country has been chewed out, and a few
             | dysfunctional shell oligopolies, propped up by a bubble,
             | are keeping the lie spinning.
             | 
             | There won't be any significant reshoring until there's a
             | cultural change. Reshoring is just too expensive for the
             | owner class to do more than tinker with it. Without a
             | cultural change the owner class doesn't care enough to
             | change that.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | I think if the wealth class wants to avoid communism and
               | heads on pikes in the longer run, they should absolutely
               | start to be more concerned with community and move beyond
               | the tunnel blinders of the next quarter over long term
               | stability.
               | 
               | This goes for govt doing anything but working to ensure
               | domestic production and dual/multi sourcing of essential
               | infrastructure.
        
               | aceazzameen wrote:
               | Unfortunately that's a wall street problem. I don't think
               | wall street can be fixed, at least I don't have any clue
               | on how it's possible to fix it outside of destroying it.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Offshoring happened because people dont want to buy goods
               | that cost 3x as much just because they were made in the
               | US. If a clothing company tries manufacturing
               | domestically no one will buy their clothes unless theyre
               | already an expensive brand.
        
             | losvedir wrote:
             | I'm not sure what you're arguing against, isn't that the
             | point of the GP? That we can bring all that stuff back?
             | Tesla makes things predominantly in-house and didn't use a
             | supply chain all over the world. There are still garments
             | grown and made entirely in the US, eg Duckworth. They're
             | just expensive because there's not a lot of it left.
        
             | antonymoose wrote:
             | You're cherry-picking examples. Manufacturers can and do
             | relocate the entire chain (or a super majority of it). I
             | live outside of Greenville, SC also (previously Charleston)
             | and when Boeing or BMW or Mercedes or Volvo bring a product
             | out here they also bring hundreds of small time suppliers
             | with them. Maybe the cotton for the cloth seats still come
             | from Egypt but this is immaterial to the overall operation
             | and the jobs it brings to a community.
        
             | bigbadfeline wrote:
             | >> Manufacturing jobs bring the entire supply chain of the
             | manufacturer with them. > Not really... Manufacturing today
             | is a global process and the entire supply chain is usually
             | spread around the world.
             | 
             | You're both right but you appear to differ on
             | particularities, like if it's good to bring _all_
             | manufacturing onshore.
             | 
             | I'd rather address Jensen's could-be-apology which pretty
             | much mimics Grok's "Oops, I made some pedo images, sorry...
             | but move on, nothing to see here."
             | 
             | Yes, Nvidia, Apple and AMD are the companies that drove the
             | US chip manufacturing overseas. The problem is, thanks to
             | that, they are now forcing us to pay for their enormous
             | margins and for bringing chip production back here, all the
             | while they swim in money.
             | 
             | On top of that, we are now supposed to appreciate their
             | newly acquired wisdom and be thankful when they lecture us
             | about what's good for America.
        
           | bflesch wrote:
           | So European companies brought new jobs and prosperity to
           | Greenville, SC, and the local Americans thanked Europe by
           | voting 60% for Trump in the last election.
           | 
           | How do you explain that? Why do the locals vote against the
           | countries that provide them the jobs? Are you also pro-Trump
           | because you live in that town?
        
             | StopDisinfo910 wrote:
             | They extended their operations there because Biden lured
             | them with insane subsidies.
             | 
             | Don't commit the mistake of thinking Trump politics is a
             | rupture from what came before when it comes to how the US
             | treats Europe.
             | 
             | It's been economic aggression after economic aggression
             | from both parties since Obama. Different styles, same core
             | ideas.
        
               | nonford150 wrote:
               | The subsides were during Clinton and Bush 2. BMW and
               | Mercedes were here long before Biden and Obama. It makes
               | good sense to manufacture your product in the area it is
               | sold - that's the real reason for their mfg base
               | establishment.
               | 
               | Not only the direct jobs, but also the other support ones
               | - automation, suppliers, maintenance, facilities work,
               | etc.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | Absolutely, especially with larger/heavier items like
               | cars... I'm frankly somewhat surprised there aren't more
               | assembly plants across the US just to reduce the shipping
               | costs of the final product. Even with a more globalized
               | supply chain of the component parts.
        
               | StopDisinfo910 wrote:
               | I'm talking of the Biden-era IRA here. BMW had to invest
               | 1.7 billions in 2022 to manufacture most of its EV
               | directly from there as you can compete in the US market
               | without the IRA subsidies and the conditions severely
               | limit even which parts you can import.
               | 
               | That's a significant shift moving from final assembly to
               | forcing most of the supply chain to be relocated.
        
               | bflesch wrote:
               | Good point. "Free trade between free countries" is a nice
               | concept but unfortunately Americans have cancelled that
               | subscription.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | What countries, beyond the US, are you speaking to? I
               | mean, I'm interested in what countries you're talking
               | about that don't leverage tariffs and other restrictions
               | to favor domestic industries in those countries.
        
               | Hikikomori wrote:
               | Most countries had tariffs before trump, including USA.
               | None have dumbass tariffs like trump though.
        
               | bflesch wrote:
               | There is EU / Schengen which immensely boosted local
               | economies. We had TTIP but unfortunately it was killed by
               | opposing forces, and there is still MERCOSUR. However,
               | Germany with it's brilliantly corrupt leadership, changed
               | that strategy to "trade facilitates change" ("wandel
               | durch handel") and went all in to removing trade barriers
               | w/ russia and china because the idea was to convince them
               | if we trade they won't try to kill us. Obviously this
               | approach failed.
               | 
               | Strategically, it does not make sense for democratic
               | countries to have higher trade barriers with each other
               | than with autocrat states. But over time the hybrid
               | warfare by autocrat states leveraged social media to
               | convice people to vote against their own interest e.g.
               | brexit.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | > They extended their operations there because Biden
               | lured them with insane subsidies.
               | 
               | Biden, really? If you're attempting to stop
               | disinformation, please start with yourself.
               | 
               | Michelin opened their US headquarters in Greenville in
               | _1984_. BMW opened their plant in South Carolina in
               | _1994_.
               | 
               | How was (at the time) Senator Joe Biden of Delaware
               | responsible for that in any way? Why would he care so
               | much about South Carolina?
               | 
               | The real reason is shipping tires and vehicles across
               | oceans is expensive.
        
               | StopDisinfo910 wrote:
               | I said "extended" not "opened". That's indeed
               | intentional. Please don't use a strawman to avoid
               | addressing the point I'm actually making.
               | 
               | Michelin invested significantly in the site recently and
               | BMW added a ton of EV manufacturing capacities, we are
               | talking of a 1.7 billions dollars investment.
               | 
               | All of this is linked to subsidies they got through the
               | IRA on top of local South Carolina subsidies. They had to
               | do these investments to remain competitive in the US
               | market as the subsidies are tied to local manufacturing
               | and the conditions significantly limit what parts they
               | can import. It was a direct attack on European
               | manufacturing masquerading as green investments.
               | 
               | Guess which president passed the IRA.
        
             | cpursley wrote:
             | HN sure does like beating up on folks in the Southern US by
             | painting us all with the same brush, it's the worst kind of
             | ugly.
        
               | tasty_freeze wrote:
               | I'm a liberal and I've lived in Texas (Austin) for 20
               | years. It is infuriating when I am on some liberal-
               | oriented forum, someone says we should force Texas out of
               | the union or whatever, and everyone cheers. ~40% of
               | Texans didn't vote for Trump, and in absolute numbers are
               | a greater number of liberals than most other states in
               | their entirety ... yet my supposed fellows want to write
               | us off. Ugly indeed.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Are you...doing to liberal-oriented forums what they do
               | to Texas? Tarring everyone with the same brush?
        
               | bflesch wrote:
               | Would you even call HN a liberal forum? It is full to the
               | brim with profiteers who have no ethical framework except
               | making money for US-based VCs.
               | 
               | The past years have shown that many have no problem to
               | change affiliation with the zeitgeist. I feel many
               | Americans are secretly pro-Trump as long as they make
               | money. If there would be more liberals in US tech we
               | would see much more leaks coming from companies such as
               | Apple, Facebook, Reddit, Google, about how the senior
               | leadership is supporting the government policies.
               | 
               | For example with Facebook it needed a woman to get
               | sexually harrassed out of her job and write a book called
               | "careless people" so that it is reported that Facebook
               | engineers were actively embedded with the Trump campaign
               | while at the same time democrat voters (black people)
               | were shown literal fake news ads to keep them away from
               | voting.
               | 
               | I have not seen one Facebook senior engineer being
               | ostracized on HN for working on the trump campaign.
               | Everbody made their millions and joined the next big
               | thing, with us worshipping their amazing FAANG
               | credentials.
               | 
               | If the people who worked on DOGE do a "SHOW HN:" nobody
               | would call it out.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > Would you even call HN a liberal forum?
               | 
               | I just look at the patterns of things that are downvoted
               | to death. Comments that would come out of Peter Thiel or
               | Elon Musk's mouth any day of the week are regularly
               | downvoted to hell here.
               | 
               | It's not a matter of 'liberal' vs whatever anymore, it's
               | a matter of expertise and basic ethics versus corruption
               | riding upon anti-intellectualism, cloaked in naked
               | bigotry. Say what you will about the prevailing value
               | system among HN commenters, this place isn't _that bad_.
        
               | jghn wrote:
               | My observation over the last 10-15 years here has been
               | this is partially true. But what's more true is the
               | Overton window has shifted. To use your example, the
               | things that would come out of their mouths, especially
               | Elon, has taken a decidedly right wing turn over time. So
               | keep in mind you're also seeing people who have largely
               | stayed the same discussing a culture that largely has
               | not.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | In a word, no.
        
               | tasty_freeze wrote:
               | I am?
               | 
               | Am I saying they should be disenfranchised from the
               | country? Have I said they I have no empathy for their
               | concerns and hope the worst for them? No.
               | 
               | What I said was it was infuriating when they are doing
               | those things to the ~40% of Texans who are liberal. I
               | didn't say it happens on all liberal forums, I'm
               | complaining about the cases where it does happen. And
               | please don't shift things because I said "everyone
               | cheers" because it should be obvious it is a common
               | phrase and doesn't literally mean I checked and every
               | person on the forum commented.
        
               | stray wrote:
               | Austin is the Lawrence (Kansas) of Texas.
        
               | bflesch wrote:
               | Stop playing the victim. When you have time to hang out
               | on HN you're obviously part of the privileged class. The
               | area is hugely profiting from "stolen" EU jobs, which
               | according to Trumpistan logic is something that is not
               | good. I don't see any uprising of all the "folks in the
               | Southern US" against the lawlessness of your government.
               | And if you're called out for it the victim reflex sets
               | in.
        
               | amalcon wrote:
               | To be fair -- there are a lot of people in the southern
               | US who do the same thing to various demographics that HN
               | users are likely to belong to. You can actually see
               | serving politicians do that on TV, and have been able to
               | see that for a long time. Not everyone does it, but not
               | everyone on HN does it either. Indiscriminately doing the
               | same thing back isn't _good_ , but that kind of ugly
               | seems to just be human nature.
        
               | MSFT_Edging wrote:
               | It's not called the Southern Strategy for shits and
               | giggles.
        
             | hollerith wrote:
             | Because when an American votes for a president, asking how
             | his choice will affect Europeans is not his top priority.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | To answer the GP, you'll have to take a look at why the
           | entire industry offshored at the same time.
           | 
           | What makes you think the problem that caused the industry to
           | go won't also cause it to fail if somebody forces them to
           | stay or tries to bring them back? Also, why one industry
           | leaving made people there destitute?
           | 
           | Those things are always more complicated than they seem.
        
             | brightball wrote:
             | Yep, it's definitely complicated from an economic
             | standpoint.
             | 
             | There was a strong dollar making imports cheaper and
             | exports more expensive. At the same time there were
             | reductions in tariffs (Tokyo Round of GATT) as well as
             | increased quota allowances from other countries,
             | particularly China, than were previously allowed (the
             | Multi-Fiber Arrangement).
             | 
             | At the time, this particular area of the country had turned
             | into a global textile hub and it was devastated as a
             | byproduct (over-saturation of a single industry). Now if
             | you come to the area, you will see all of the old mills
             | converted into apartment complexes, coworking spaces,
             | wedding venues, etc just to preserve the architecture.
             | 
             | The whole area is beautiful now and has been one of the
             | fastest growing parts of the country for almost a decade. I
             | moved here 25 years ago when the changes were just starting
             | but the natives will tell you the whole story. I think a
             | PBS documentary was being made about it too.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | We should still differentiate between low value and high
           | value add manufacturing though. Building automobiles and
           | automobile parts, great. Relatively high skill, high value
           | add jobs. Spinning cotton, not so much.
           | 
           | If we have an infinite supply of labor with no better place
           | to allocate them then sure, any additional job is good. But
           | that's not the case. We have a constrained labor supply, so
           | is it better overall to focus on high value, high pay jobs,
           | even in manufacturing instead of aiming for the entire supply
           | chain for everything?
        
           | loudmax wrote:
           | For manufacturing in the US to be economically competitive on
           | the global stage (or even on the domestic stage), the actual
           | work will mostly be performed by robots, not by humans. This
           | will bring back profits, but not a lot of jobs.
           | 
           | In the specific case of these chips, the offshoring was to
           | Taiwan, a democracy, and one of our geopolitically closest
           | allies. This business went to TSMC because they did a better
           | job producing these chips than either Intel or AMD (or AMD's
           | successor, Global Foundries). The Twinscan machines that fab
           | the chips are from ASML in the Netherlands, another democracy
           | and geopolitical ally. The parts for those machines come from
           | a truly global supply chain. Modern chip manufacturing is an
           | absolute marvel of global integration.
           | 
           | American consumers and businesses benefited from this
           | arrangement in the form of very competitively priced
           | hardware. Most of the manufacturing was in Asia, but most of
           | the profits were to American companies. This is why America
           | is today the richest country on Earth. It simply would not
           | have happened like it did without free trade.
           | 
           | China's low wages and integrated supply chain can beat
           | American manufacturing. China _cannot_ beat the combined
           | talent of the free world. Along with immigration, from the
           | likes of Taiwanese-American Jensen Huang, free trade and an
           | open economy was what once made America great.
        
             | bigbadfeline wrote:
             | > In the specific case of these chips, the offshoring was
             | to Taiwan
             | 
             | In the context of Jensen's would-be-apology, it doesn't
             | matter where the offshoring went. Nvidia, Apple and AMD
             | drove the US chip manufacturing overseas, and thanks to
             | that, they are now a virtual cartel which commands enormous
             | margins, so they can "mercifully" argue about bringing chip
             | production back here... at our expense of course.
             | 
             | While paying through the nose, we're also supposed to
             | appreciate their crocodile tears and listen to their drivel
             | about what's good for America.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | >> We have jobs, we have just decided that the people working
         | those jobs are not deserving of prosperity.
         | 
         | I read an article years ago talking about a man that worked as
         | a janitor for a US public school. He was just getting by on
         | whatever that job paid. Someone (school board, business person,
         | IDK) said if he wanted to make more money he should get more
         | education himself, or learn some new skills so he'd be worth
         | more and could get a "better" job. And hey, I'm all for some
         | amount of meritocracy and all that but... If he did improve
         | himself and get a better job the school would presumably find
         | someone else to be the janitor for similar pay. The bottom line
         | is that _they_ expect an able-bodied adult to work a job that
         | most people look down on for barely a living wage. At some
         | point it 's not about _him_ needing to upskill it 's about
         | expectations about who gets paid how much, and America expects
         | a lot of people to "make a living" at just above poverty wages.
         | 
         | I'm not sure how you change that, to some extent employers _can
         | 't_ pay more because it's become structural and they don't
         | actually have the money to pay those jobs more. So I have to
         | agree with parent poster:
         | 
         | >> There are so many underlying changes to the established
         | relationship between Labor and Capital in the US that would be
         | a necessary part of keeping jobs here that it would effectively
         | make us a completely different country.
        
           | _DeadFred_ wrote:
           | It used to be 'America, land of the free' and we hero
           | worshiped homeless dudes who happened to chase after cattle.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowboy
           | 
           | Now it's 'America, land of the greed' and fox news talking
           | heads say homeless dudes should just be executed.
           | 
           | Fox News host Brian Kilmeade saying that homeless people
           | should receive "involuntary lethal injections"
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phYOrM3SNV8
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | If you upskill enough people, companies will need to start
           | paying more for those services. And once they need it, they
           | will find the money.
           | 
           | There is a reason unemployment numbers are always within the
           | same small band. There's always money to employ around the
           | same ratio of the population. And when people get richer,
           | that ratio gets slightly smaller, not larger.
        
             | runako wrote:
             | This really doesn't work because there is not enough demand
             | for people to upskill. Even during boom periods like 1999,
             | there were still janitors. Janitors did not suddenly earn
             | more money because white-collar hiring was exploding.
        
         | psunavy03 wrote:
         | "We" have not "decided" anything other than collectively making
         | decisions about what we are willing to pay for a given service.
         | That ultimately is what sets wages. The only reason software
         | development pays so well is because the market will bear it,
         | and the market isn't some cabal of fat cats in top hats,
         | monocles, and tails (or hoodies and Patagonia for that matter).
         | It's the collective decisions of 330 million people.
        
           | almosthere wrote:
           | The largest reason software development costs a lot is that a
           | cabal of people had been desperately trying to lock out
           | smaller companies from having access to software engineering
           | resources at such a cheap rate and eventually get taken out.
           | 
           | I get that from another perspective your answer is also
           | correct, but the reality is the large pay is really so that
           | EA's blockbuster video game sells and a small upstart of 45
           | software people that want to make their own amazing game does
           | not beat them. Those 45 people will take the paycheck rather
           | than collectively start a game company now.
           | 
           | What happens next no one is sure, but I can tell you, that if
           | the amount of cheap software surfaces because 1 man army
           | companies take out TeamViewer, Photoshop, Jira, etc...
           | because of LLMs - then those wages will drop, and drop fast
           | and it has nothing to do with the 330 million people "having
           | a say".
        
           | runako wrote:
           | We make decisions through purchasing, yes.
           | 
           | There are also hundreds/thousands of elections annually
           | through which we collectively set policy directions. Contrary
           | to belief, politicians are responsive to voters over long
           | periods of time. So over time, the policies that are
           | continually ratified do reflect our collective choices.
           | 
           | And for at least the last several decades, yes we have
           | collectively decided through our policy directions that there
           | are classes of jobs whose holders are not deserving of
           | material prosperity.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | Even with a good labor representation, is making cheap tshirts
         | a job people want to do / a good job?
         | 
         | I'm not convinced it is, or that it lasts.
        
           | foobarian wrote:
           | I bet many people would find that job a lot more appealing
           | than risking your life doing shopping gigs under time
           | pressure, without even getting health insurance.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | I'm not convinced that Tshirt job would exist long or in
             | quantities that matters.
        
             | bpt3 wrote:
             | How exactly is doing instacart runs "risking your life"
             | without using a definition for that term that involves any
             | task where you're required to leave your house?
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > What would lead one to conclude those would be the kind of
         | "good jobs" everyone is envisioning?
         | 
         | They wouldn't all come back, many of them would be automated to
         | keep costs down. Fortunately, this would also be good for us
         | since automated systems require engineers to design them and
         | technicians to maintain them.
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | I think that "good jobs" is a red herring for manufacturing
         | jobs. The important question is whether they have positive
         | externalities. According to one argument (which I'm
         | reconstructing), working one manufacturing job improves
         | dexterity and spatial reasoning, as well as motivating workers
         | to learn basic math and science. These (may) continue to
         | provide benefits to the economy after the worker leaves the
         | position, hence being unpriced. How we manage this at a policy
         | level is not obvious.
         | 
         | (OTOH, there is also an argument that manufacturing has an
         | important negative externality -- pollution)
        
         | bcrosby95 wrote:
         | The service economy has a few problems.
         | 
         | The first is that much of it is optional. Stuff like fast food.
         | People can do without it much easier than doing without a
         | washing machine.
         | 
         | The second is, for many services, such as child care and
         | elderly care, most adults are terrible at assessing quality.
         | This creates a race to the bottom much like you see in
         | manufacturing, making the jobs low wage. Because humans are
         | humans you can't really point to a specific consequence of this
         | either.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Manufacturing jobs were only "good jobs" in comparison to the
         | alternatives available at the time. The other options in the US
         | have gotten better in the last 50 years. As much as people hate
         | on service industry jobs, they're much less physically
         | dangerous than working in a mid-20th century manufacturing
         | plant.
        
         | closeparen wrote:
         | A line cook makes no more burgers per hour, a hairdresser
         | delivers no more or better haircuts, and a daycare worker
         | watches no more children concurrently than they could have 25
         | years ago. Meanwhile the Magnificent 7 have emerged. Baumol
         | effects might have raised wages a bit, sure. How could the
         | relative positions of these workers _not_ fall as all these
         | tech-enabled and scale-enabled neighbors come on to the scene?
         | 
         | The whole concept of buying services from people is either that
         | their time is worth less than yours, or they have special
         | skills that you need and lack. "No such thing as unskilled
         | labor," ok, but you are definitely get sorting on how useful
         | people's skills are and how difficult they are to substitute or
         | replicate.
        
           | epicureanideal wrote:
           | > Baumol effects might have raised wages a bit, sure. How
           | could the relative positions of these workers not fall as all
           | these tech-enabled and scale-enabled neighbors come on to the
           | scene?
           | 
           | Supply and demand? If the population of hairdressers was
           | small, so they could charge more and more, then their wages
           | could keep up as a percentage. And that would be possible if
           | for example so many people moved into high productivity work
           | that only a small percentage remained in low automation work.
           | But if you have a constant influx of new hairdressers or a
           | constant influx of people willing to do low automation work,
           | that doesn't happen.
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | That's the Baumol effect. The rising tide does lift all
             | boats to an extent, but not the same extent.
        
               | epicureanideal wrote:
               | I agree, I'm just saying the extent is influenced heavily
               | by the increasing availability of workers at the lower
               | end of the automation distribution.
        
           | ericjmorey wrote:
           | The line cook is relatively as valuable as they were in the
           | past, they're just being out leveraged by people asserting a
           | self-centered entitlement mentality.
        
             | ctoth wrote:
             | I didn't realize that self-centered entitledness was a new
             | phenomena?
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | > How could the relative positions of these workers not fall
           | as all these tech-enabled and scale-enabled neighbors come on
           | to the scene?
           | 
           | I'd like to see this worked out for real.
           | 
           | On the one hand, sure, a hairdresser cuts the same amount of
           | hair as they did 25 years ago, and a fancy tech worker
           | produces enormously more output than 25 or 50 years ago.
           | 
           | On the other hand, why does it follow that that tech worker
           | should have an amount of take-home pay equal to vastly more
           | haircuts per month than a comparable worker 25 or 50 years
           | ago? A modern programmer does not actually need more
           | haircuts, or more food, or more lattes, or more housing, or
           | more doctor visits than a comparable worker any other time in
           | the last 50 years.
           | 
           | So maybe something is actually wrong with the profitability
           | of modern non-labor-intensive companies and the tax system
           | such that their owners and employees are wildly overpaid
           | compared to lower-productivity workers.
        
             | sudosteph wrote:
             | You seem to just be describing Marx's Labor theory of
             | value.
             | 
             | It sounds more fair to pay people according to how much and
             | how hard they work, but economically it tends not to work
             | out.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | I'm thinking more of paying people on the margin or of
               | some kind on tax system that compensates for inequality a
               | bit.
               | 
               | Not fully worked out, but consider: suppose there are 100
               | people in the population, and a bunch of them are
               | ambivalent between tech work and jobs like hairdressing.
               | If tech work paid 10% more than hairdressing, some would
               | do tech work and some would cut hair. If tech work paid
               | 200%, then maybe there would be too many applicants and
               | the employers would reduce wages. (I've occasionally
               | contemplated that perhaps one reason that the big Silicon
               | Valley employers pay so much is kind of anticompetitive:
               | they can afford it, so they might as well, because it
               | makes it more expensive to compete with them.)
               | 
               | Or alternatively, imagine if taxes were structured so
               | that owning more than one house were highly discouraged
               | (with appropriate provisions to make owning properties to
               | rent them out make sense, which is something that a lot
               | of legislators get wrong), and if permitting to build
               | houses were not absurdly restrictive, then many different
               | jobs with very different salaries would could still
               | result in having enough income to afford to live in
               | approximately one house. Some might afford two (!), and
               | some might afford one that is much fancier than someone
               | else's, but if the pressure that makes someone like a
               | hairdresser need to compete against a highly paid tech
               | worker to pay for a similar house went away, the
               | situation could be much improved.
               | 
               | (California, like many places, has strictly too few
               | residential units in the places that people want to live,
               | so just adjusting prices won't help much.)
        
           | cootsnuck wrote:
           | > The whole concept of buying services from people is either
           | that their time is worth less than yours
           | 
           | And if everyone else's time has become more valuable then too
           | has the time that is being saved by buying services.
           | 
           | If my time as a programmer is worth significantly more now
           | than it was 25 years ago, then the time I save by buying
           | services is worth more.
           | 
           | There's a reason that someone making $1mil/year is going to
           | be willing to pay more for the exact same haircut that
           | someone making $70k/year also gets. The time being saved is
           | worth more to them.
        
             | AlexB138 wrote:
             | You're only looking at half of the equation here. Following
             | your logic, if my time is worth $100/hr, I should be
             | willing to pay $99/hr for a haircut. But reality is that a
             | haircut isn't just worth some utility value based on time
             | saved, it's worth the lowest amount where suppliers'
             | willingness to provide it at a given quality and buyers'
             | willingness to pay meet.
             | 
             | So while the $99/hr haircut might technically save me
             | money/time, suppliers of haircuts are generally willing to
             | give the same haircut for $30/hr. If one supplier tried to
             | pin their prices to the growth of their customers' income,
             | they would go out of business. That is because the value of
             | the suppliers time isn't increasing at the same rate.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | I'm mostly bald... I got tired of paying as much as I did
               | for haircuts and now mostly just use a pair of clippers
               | on myself, since my goal is to take off all of it. I've
               | paid for more beard trims the past few years than
               | haircuts, though I mostly do that myself too.
               | 
               | Note, I usually use clippers on myself about once a week.
               | Sometimes I'll use a shaver to get a closer shave, but
               | generally doesn't matter as I don't care if there's a
               | little growth, which is noticeable unless I literally
               | shave daily anyway... which I'm too lazy to do, and
               | definitely not able to pay someone else to do.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | But the relative value of those same labor (hairdresser,
           | daycare worker) changes. If my labor as a tech worker was $50
           | / hour I'm willing to pay $30 / hour for a haircut. But now
           | if I make $100 / hour I'm willing to pay $60 for the same
           | haircut. And in both situations I still need a haircut and
           | the hairdresser is still the place to go to get one.
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | Sure, but the gap between your hourly wages has doubled.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | > Historically, they were better jobs due to a strong labor
         | movement, but that movement has been largely destroyed.
         | 
         | There's something to be said that the labor movement was
         | destroyed by eliminating the need for the labor. Bringing the
         | labor back would see the labor movement return.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | People still work, so this is a very bizarre comment to make.
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | >we have just decided that the people working those jobs are
         | not deserving of prosperity.
         | 
         | We've also decided that labor needs to be taxed more heavily
         | than capital, which is fucking stupid.
         | 
         | Taxing the lower end of society who actually works at a higher
         | rate than wealthy people is just so shortsighted.
        
           | Analemma_ wrote:
           | I think even more important than the difference in taxation
           | is the difference in freedom of movement. There are heavy
           | restrictions on labor moving between countries, capital has
           | no restrictions at all (except kinda in China) and can move
           | instantly to wherever it is most useful, i.e. wherever has
           | the most human rights violations and lowest wages. We need to
           | eliminate this asymmetry: either get rid of all restrictions
           | on freedom of personal movement and selling ones labor, or
           | lock down the flow of capital with serious capital controls.
        
         | _DeadFred_ wrote:
         | Every healthcare post: 'this isn't the biggest cost in
         | healthcare' 'this isn't going to fix things'
         | 
         | Every jobs post: "this doesn't fix X" 'this isn't the biggest
         | issue'.
         | 
         | And the republicans keep dog walking straight to their goals
         | while we talk about the best arrangement for deck chairs.
        
           | stanleykm wrote:
           | Because nobody actually wants to talk about the core of the
           | problem or how to address it. They see different, seemingly
           | unrelated problems depending on what their priorities are.
           | The democrats are also not on the side of actually solving
           | the problem.
        
         | detourdog wrote:
         | I think with the advancement of manufacturing techniques the
         | future is in small run manufacturing. Manufacturing won't
         | return with a few companies employing thousands of people. My
         | thinking is that manufacturing will return with thousands of
         | companies employing around 10 people. The future will be more
         | customized solving detailed problems with unique specification.
        
         | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
         | Note that the "Labor vs Capital" distinction mostly means
         | "workers vs retirees". The reason more money goes to capital
         | these days is not necessarily that each retiree is getting more
         | but that in an aging population, there's more retirees so it
         | takes more resources diverted from workers to support this
         | larger non working population. This problem can be solved with
         | more babies 20 years ago or more immigration of workers now to
         | share the burden (unless AI makes everything weird).
        
           | stanleykm wrote:
           | I undestand what you are saying but retirees are not what
           | people mean when they talk about Capital. They are talking
           | about executives, fund managers, billionaires, and so on.
           | People who actually control much of our society. Yes many of
           | the funds are managing the retirements of working people but
           | that does not necessarily need to be the case, nor do those
           | retirees have any active ownership of the companies those
           | funds invest in.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | There's been a lot written on Labor vs Capital, so I will
           | just suggest you research the topic because you are not on
           | target here.
        
         | flerchin wrote:
         | Riveting ends in a real item that can often be used to produce
         | further economic value. Elder care is not analogous to this,
         | and the economic value is only what the elder can pay for it.
        
         | largbae wrote:
         | Market forces are what cause different jobs to pay different
         | amounts. Welders don't get paid high wages out of charity or
         | respect, they get it because welders with sufficient skills are
         | rare, so if you don't pay up you won't get your welding done.
         | 
         | If service jobs can be differentiated (e.g. by training and
         | licensing) then scarcity can be created.
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | >e.g. by training and licensing
           | 
           | For best results buy a political or ten and then enjoy the
           | profit of having government violence chase away much of the
           | "maybe not just as good but good enough for a lot of the
           | demand that's out there" competition that doesn't have your
           | training or license or belong to your professional group or
           | whatever.
           | 
           | And the best part is the public pays for the privilege of
           | having supply be constrained because the state forces that
           | constrain it are not paid by those who benefit but by the
           | taxpayer.
           | 
           | Something something privatize profits something something
           | socialize cost centers.
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | > Historically, they were better jobs due to a strong labor
         | movement, but that movement has been largely destroyed.
         | 
         | This is a widely believed narrative, but not necessarily true.
         | The competing narrative that better living and working
         | conditions arise from better technology and cheaper energy is
         | just as supported by the data. Perhaps even more so because it
         | also explains the post-1971 decline.
        
           | filleduchaos wrote:
           | This seems like a non sequitur to me. What does (general)
           | better living and working conditions arising from better
           | technology and cheaper energy have to do with which jobs are
           | considered "good" and "bad"?
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | How does the explanation without labor power dynamics explain
           | the post-1971 decline? Electricity is cheaper inflation
           | adjusted than it was then, and technology has certainly
           | progressed since 1971.
        
         | edude03 wrote:
         | > There is no economic rule that says that riveting should pay
         | more than taking care of the elderly or food delivery.
         | 
         | There kind of is - it's the same reason B2B SaaS tend to make
         | more money than B2C - it's easy (easier) to sell someone
         | something if they can make money from it.
         | 
         | If I can pay you Y to rivet some sheet metal together and sell
         | the finished product for Y * 10, that's a much better outcome
         | for me (economically) than paying someone to take care of my
         | elderly parents. In fact, maybe I'm not mean, maybe _I_ don't
         | make enough money to afford to pay someone to take care of my
         | elderly parents.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | Economic rules are all subject to externalities like the
           | effects of taxes, regulations, etc. I mean there is no rule
           | in the sense that some of the jobs that are poverty wage in
           | the US are not poverty wage in other countries due to the
           | impact of regulation.
           | 
           | It's a policy choice to allow Walmart pay full-time employees
           | so little that taxpayers have to subsidize their food. We are
           | free to make different choices.
        
         | tracker1 wrote:
         | To some extent, the pay rate for a lot of jobs comes down the
         | available candidate pool for those jobs. The easier/simpler a
         | job is for anyone to step into, the more likely it is to have a
         | lower pay associated with it. As an addition, regarding service
         | jobs, a lot of the times, you get what you put in... at this
         | point, most customer service interactions I've generally seen
         | have been poor at best.
         | 
         | Craftsmanship, pride in work, and just caring about doing a
         | good job just aren't concerns a lot of the workforce has at
         | this point. That's not to excuse efforts to offset employee pay
         | into a forced tipping culture. Neither does it excuse efforts
         | to use foreign labor as a lower paid under-class either... I
         | think jobs for foreign workers should have pay floors that
         | force them to be more expensive than domestic labor. If there
         | really isn't a supply, or they really are that skilled, then
         | pay up.
         | 
         | Part of the problem is the idea of fiscal duty has been tunnel
         | visioned into what the next quarter looks like over anything
         | resembling longer term health of a company and the communities
         | they operate in. Not to mention VC corporations swallowing
         | industry sectors and "extractive value" to the point those
         | sectors collapse altogether.
         | 
         | Govt has largely sold out to corporate interests over the
         | people's best interests and they are emphatically NOT the
         | same... govt policy should be to encourage or even require
         | competition in practice. Shared essential infrastructure should
         | require dual/multi-sourcing with a healthy portion required to
         | be domestically supplied as well.
         | 
         | I truly believe that it's in everyone's best interests to
         | refocus beyond the next quarter, and I don't mean woke lip
         | service... just actually considering organizational and
         | community concerns. If we/they don't do it, communism will only
         | grow and take over.
        
         | ctoth wrote:
         | > There is no economic rule that says that riveting should pay
         | more than taking care of the elderly or food delivery.
         | 
         | There is, in fact. Baumol's Cost Disease, and it's a real
         | bitch.
         | 
         | Manufacturing has compounding productivity gains - one worker
         | today produces vastly more than one worker in 1950. Elderly
         | care doesn't. You can't make a caregiver 10x more productive
         | through better tooling. The productivity ceiling is fixed by
         | the nature of the work.
         | 
         | Wages across sectors compete for workers. So service-sector
         | wages only rise when they have to bid workers away from high-
         | productivity sectors. This predicts: service wages are
         | _borrowed_ from productivity gains elsewhere in the economy.
         | 
         | This doesn't mean we shouldn't want caregivers paid well. It
         | means wanting isn't a mechanism. The mechanism is productivity
         | growth in tradeable sectors pulling wages up economy-wide.
        
           | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
           | > It means wanting isn't a mechanism.
           | 
           | Well we still have _demand_ in the equation. If demand for
           | service workers grows, so will their compensation. (And so
           | will the cost for those services.) So the possibility is
           | there.
           | 
           | People with more disposable income (the high-productivity
           | ones I guess) demand more services. The question will be
           | whether that demand will grow sufficiently to raise the
           | compensation to where we want it to be.
           | 
           | What I also don't know is how we will respond to service jobs
           | being automated. "Premium" service usually shuns automation.
           | Will we have fewer fast food workers and more massage
           | therapists?
        
             | spdionis wrote:
             | And then you get to the reason why everyone complains
             | childcare is expensive.
        
           | SgtBastard wrote:
           | Thank you, I learnt a new term today.
        
           | runako wrote:
           | I thought about addressing this in the original post, but I
           | want to address part of your response:
           | 
           | > one worker today produces vastly more than one worker in
           | 1950. Elderly care doesn't
           | 
           | Indeed, this is a core component of Capital vs Labor issue I
           | mentioned. Productivity increases, workers generate more
           | value, but Capital's share of the results increases
           | nonetheless. The change in this relationship is why I would
           | expect a reinvigorated manufacturing sector to be dominated
           | by Bad Jobs instead of the Good Jobs everybody hopes for.
           | 
           | (There's also a measurement issue in comparing those two. The
           | benefits of e.g. caregiving are measured by the ability of
           | other workers to be productive. For ex if a high-wage worker
           | has to stay home to care for someone, then they are not doing
           | high-wage work, which reduces the overall GDP potential of
           | the country.)
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | What you're overlooking is that productivity doesn't
             | increase uniformly. The low paying service sector jobs
             | aren't any more productive today than they were 50 years
             | ago.
        
         | pixelready wrote:
         | It's almost entirely a leverage problem. Insofar as we rely on
         | the labor marketplace as the primary "prosperity" distribution
         | mechanism for the majority of people the power balance between
         | labor and capital will determine the average person's level of
         | prosperity. The following increase the leverage of labor:
         | collective action, high competition between firms, near-zero
         | (actual) unemployment rate, strong labor laws. The following
         | increase leverage of capital: monopoly, monopsony, cartel
         | action, high unemployment rate, weak labor laws.
         | 
         | Obviously the cost of converting wealth into tangible
         | "prosperity" is an additional factor, so inflation of the cost
         | of goods and services will factor in.
         | 
         | So if we wish to promote broad prosperity over ultra
         | concentrated wealth we need to address the above factors:
         | enforce anti-trust, break up firms as needed, promote labor
         | protections and organizing, make taxes more progressive than
         | regressive, make stock buybacks illegal again. The hyper
         | mobility, political ties (with low national loyalty) of the
         | capital class make this difficult but not impossible.
         | 
         | We will probably have to de-emphasize some sticky cultural
         | memes around individual merit and everyone "deserving their
         | fate" to accomplish the above. A surge of empathetic humanism
         | would likely do wonders for the mental health crisis as a
         | bonus.
        
         | kjshsh123 wrote:
         | I think you should read up on comparative advantage and the roy
         | model of labor. Forced onshoring is likely to hurt US
         | productivity and large wage gaps arise because of self-
         | selection driven by correlations in productivity across jobs.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | Jobs aren't good or not because they government declares it so
         | by fiat, there's substantive differences between different
         | kinds of jobs. "Service jobs" are bad because they typically
         | require little skill, just a human body physically present in
         | the U.S.
         | 
         | In contrast, many people will never be good riveters. They lack
         | the strength, coordination, and stamina to do the job.
         | Similarly, many people cannot be plumbers or electricians.
         | Those are jobs that require intelligence and skill.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | lol
       | 
       | "AI" is going to coincidentally collapse the same time this
       | tyrannical presidency ends
       | 
       | what drugs are you doing where you truly believe eliminating
       | millions of jobs is going to bring "prosperity"
       | 
       | it's going to "silo" wealth even further and make everything more
       | unaffordable
       | 
       | next generation won't even be able to own a car forget a home
        
         | catigula wrote:
         | AI isn't going to collapse. It's the real deal.
        
           | tharmas wrote:
           | Sure, like the dot com bubble it will burst. But like the
           | internet, AI is here to stay. The real bottleneck is
           | electricity supply. CEO of Microsoft has even said, we have
           | the chips but not the electricity to power them. The chips
           | are sitting idle.
        
             | catigula wrote:
             | The capabilities of AI are on an exponential curve.
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | Onshoring manufacturing and bringing back the US manufacturing
       | base is a critical issue. This is from a social and security pov.
       | Having millions of young men wallowing around playing video games
       | and drugs all day and not working, raising families, is
       | disgusting and a sign of collapse. We need manufacturing back in
       | a big way, unfortunately I don't think that Trump, despite also
       | thinking that, has the vision or ability to make it happen.
        
       | m000 wrote:
       | > In a recent speech, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang outlined his plan
       | for bringing manufacturing jobs back to America: force companies
       | to build AI infrastructure in America.
       | 
       | Not self-serving at all.
       | 
       | > Since founding Nvidia in 1993, he has overseen its
       | transformation into a central supplier of computing platforms for
       | AI, data centers, and high-performance systems. That position
       | provides direct exposure to the industrial requirements behind
       | digital innovation, including power generation, fabrication
       | capacity, and workforce availability. From this vantage point,
       | energy is the basis of the economy from which everything is
       | built.
       | 
       | This reads just like AI slop: I am applying for a government
       | advisor position. Can you please write me a short paragraph
       | linking the work experience listed in my resume with the
       | position?
        
       | Surac wrote:
       | Maybe he doesn't like to be the next Maduro dragged out of bed at
       | night by marines. So he complies to everything Trump wants him to
       | say?
        
       | wiseowise wrote:
       | > not just those with PhDs and college degrees.
       | 
       | Don't worry, soon they'll earn as much as those without PhDs and
       | college degrees thanks to LLM overlords. What an absolute clown.
        
       | codegeek wrote:
       | This doesn't make sense. Nvidia literally has offices all over
       | the world including India (a country that gets the most flak for
       | offshoring). So why now ? Suddenly, "offshoring bad" ? I don't
       | buy it. I think it is more about AI data centers. I could be
       | wrong.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | He's just lying because he's expected to.
        
         | potato3732842 wrote:
         | Just because everyone is doing something to be competitive
         | doesn't mean they like it or think it's a good thing long term.
         | 
         | A fair number of the executives who shipped the jobs overseas
         | 10-40yr ago lamented that the numbers simply didn't make sense
         | any other way.
        
           | dangus wrote:
           | Of course "the numbers didn't make sense" could just mean "we
           | wanted to make $4 billion in profit instead of $3 billion in
           | profit."
           | 
           | Racing to the bottom, essentially.
           | 
           | Corporations control congress, if they really lamented
           | offshoring they would have done something about it.
        
         | blitzar wrote:
         | Raise the drawbridge
        
         | Rzor wrote:
         | Either political posturing, or he sees the United States
         | beginning to rapidly accelerate ($$$) certain sectors or
         | companies as part of a strategic development effort, much like
         | China often does. Possibly a mix of both.
        
       | poplarsol wrote:
       | That's all well and good, but he is literally at this moment
       | attempting to export industrial capacity to China at a direct
       | tradeoff to it's availability to the US, even when he could sell
       | it at the same price.
        
       | hermannj314 wrote:
       | "Corporate welfare recipients that got free money to build data
       | centers, testing the water on asking for more free money to hire
       | employees."
       | 
       | The cycle repeats: send jobs somewhere else, hold those jobs
       | hostage until the government pays you to bring them home. It will
       | take the form of tax holiday on bringing foreign cash home, etc.
        
       | khuey wrote:
       | I used to agree with this (at least the headline), but then I
       | lived through the Biden administration.
       | 
       | Fundamentally Americans want to consume more services and
       | especially goods than the people living in America produce. The
       | only ways to square that circle are
       | 
       | 1. To get more people. But by 2024 prime age labor force
       | participation was at essentially record numbers[0] so there
       | aren't more people available domestically, and we saw in the
       | election that swing voters are not fans of mass unskilled
       | immigration.
       | 
       | 2. To produce more with the same people (i.e. increase
       | productivity). But in most cases this is up to technological
       | advancement and not in the hands of policymakers. There are
       | probably some sectors that could benefit from deregulation (e.g.
       | construction) but those regulations have their own constituencies
       | that don't want to see them go.
       | 
       | 3. To force people to consume less (i.e. inflation). Voters
       | _hate_ this.
       | 
       | 4. To import more from abroad.
       | 
       | In the end "offshoring" is the only politically viable option.
       | 
       | [0] https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS11300060
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | >3. To force people to consume less (i.e. inflation). Voters
         | hate this.
         | 
         | Inflation from immigration/offshoring restrictions is not
         | evenly distributed. It's essentially a purchasing power
         | transfer from everyone else to low-skilled workers (who no
         | longer face competition from cheaper overseas labor, so have
         | more bargaining power and hence can demand higher wages from
         | society).
        
           | khuey wrote:
           | I generally agree with that, but that makes the politics of
           | it even worse because the benefits accrue to the people with
           | the least political power.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | Outsourcing manufacturing was very short-sighted in light of the
       | automation which was taking place and accelerating.
       | 
       | No doubt this short-sightedness was the result of our debt-based
       | monetary system. The disconnection of money from long term value-
       | creation created a cycle of speculative booms and busts which
       | made short term bets the most viable strategy to ensure that
       | execs would get their bonuses.
       | 
       | Also, the perverse legal concepts of 'corporate personhood' and
       | 'limited liability' sealed our fate, ensuring that companies
       | could pollute our land and water with chemicals... China was all
       | too happy to send children's toys full of phthalates and other
       | endocrine disruptors our way, ensuring that the next generation
       | would be pacified and struggling with hormone-related issues (I
       | leave you to infer cultural implications...)
       | 
       | Seems like China got their revenge for the Opium wars!
        
       | intended wrote:
       | Sadly, even the offshoring centers are losing to automation. I've
       | personally seen even modest tools automate away 10s of jobs in a
       | factory in the 2010s in India. Cutting, Punching, bending and
       | moving metal sheets just done by 1 machine.
       | 
       | Today We have lights out manufacturing.
       | 
       | One thing I would highlight, is that the issue with offshoring
       | wasn't the loss of jobs as much as it was underemployment.
       | 
       | Going from factory foreman to burger flipper is what hollowed out
       | that class of workers.
       | 
       | The Root cause failure for the offshoring model for the
       | offshoring nation is retraining difficulty.
       | 
       | If people could be magically retrained into new roles, then
       | offshoring would always work.
        
         | cmxch wrote:
         | At this point, just cut checks from the firms that got us in
         | this mess.
         | 
         | Don't bother retraining, just make people financially whole at
         | the cost of those who offshored/outsourced.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | You exploited underpaid labor or the globe for the benefit of
       | yourself and American customer. Minority of Americans are
       | workers, but all are customers. You did well.
        
       | NoSalt wrote:
       | And in other news ... water is wet.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Remind me where does NVIDIA assemble their cards?
        
       | ta9000 wrote:
       | Remind me where Nvidia's products have been built, basically
       | forever?
        
       | threethirtytwo wrote:
       | There's a huge downside to manufacturing and that is pollution.
       | 
       | IMO, I'd rather china be the economic super power and the US
       | leeching off that technological progress and manufacturing the
       | same way say Scandinavia or most of Europe currently does.
       | 
       | Those Europeans get 2 months off while china and the US duke it
       | out and they get all the technological benefits with no
       | downsides. It's genius.
       | 
       | Everyone talks about the US being number one, but no one wants to
       | put in the effort. You all want to sacrifice work life balance
       | and give up those remote jobs to push the US back to the top?
       | Thats what it takes.
        
         | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
         | The problem is that nothing really stops people from going up
         | the ladder. You mention leeching off technological progress but
         | the reason some are concerned is because they will simply
         | conquer the whole supply chain.
         | 
         | Take an example of tesla vs byd. Heck, The electric MI car I
         | saw looked so good and nice, its wild
         | 
         | Most of the money I feel like America's still has lots of
         | influence is probably from well established tech corporations
         | or similar but even those get challenged by leaner companies
         | but also that all of them have bought into the hype of AI
         | 
         | America's economy is on such a weak line in my opinion because
         | the only thing which stops all hell from breaking loose is that
         | stocks are doing good just because of the AI bubble.
         | 
         | When the AI bubble bursts, I have a predication that all hell
         | might loose free (I sincerely hope that I am not right though)
         | 
         | Ironic that the thing which would in the end hurt america is
         | the company selling hype who is trying to doublespeak itself
         | into showing something but being completely different when you
         | realize the downstream effects of the AI bubble crashing
        
           | threethirtytwo wrote:
           | Yeah I'm saying drop the concern for another country
           | conquering the supply chain. Let China dominate.
           | 
           | Europe is unconcerned. And they benefit from that. I mean
           | real benefits like work life balance not benefits like
           | talking points about which country has the bigger dick.
           | 
           | Do you really want America to be number 1 while you're
           | slaving away at your job 996 in pollution infested cities?
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | I agree with what you are saying about Europe being better
             | in work life balances etc. in my person opinion as well and
             | I admit it so I am just going to write a message about the
             | things I have been seen written by Americans in the first
             | place/gist of them for the sake of providing a (full
             | picture?)
             | 
             | I wouldn't say Europe is unconcerned either. Europe has
             | less issues than America because its collective debt feels
             | very low compared to America
             | 
             | France recently went into all out stalemate of sorts and in
             | countries like UK as well there are some really systemetic
             | issues and not vice versa
             | 
             | Namely the most heard is the lack of innovation. People
             | (here on HN) have compared Europe to a colloseum, saying
             | its stuck in time and that there is a lack of innovation.
             | 
             | The startup culture is disfragmented etc.
             | 
             | There are some real concerns about Europe as well being
             | impacted because a huge chunk of jobs were in the
             | manufacturing business (think cars) and with things like
             | BYD etc., Europeans themselves are worried about being able
             | to compete with their price.
             | 
             | the point being that Europe has some concerns as well and
             | they stem from their decision. The regulations make
             | businesses genuinely hard to start.
             | 
             | (Note that I still believe that Europe is really good
             | compared to America in a lot of genuine metrics in my
             | opinion as well but then again, its not really a fair
             | discussion if we don't discuss both sides of the coin)
        
               | threethirtytwo wrote:
               | If the metric is happiness, Europe wins.
               | 
               | It's hard to measure this directly but there quantitative
               | metrics that correlate. Suicide rates for example,
               | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/heart-medicine-
               | for-a...
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | Do you think Europe will be able to benefit from this
             | forever if current trends[1] continue? I'm not so sure.
             | 
             | [1] https://econofact.org/factbrief/fact-check-has-the-
             | economic-...
        
       | lanthissa wrote:
       | the us is 16% of global manufacturing by value with 4% of the
       | population, i dont know how this fact isn't brought up more.
       | 
       | on a population weighted basis the us manufactures more by value
       | than china.
       | 
       | A bunch of people salivating for a world where the us was 52% of
       | world gdp, not because it was great, but because the rest of the
       | world was ash.
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | Also US unemployment has been low. The idea that Americans need
         | more jobs just doesn't fit the numbers. There are plenty of
         | good paying non-backbreaking jobs for Americans but they just
         | don't seem to believe it.
        
           | pepperball wrote:
           | > There are plenty of good paying non-backbreaking jobs for
           | Americans but they just don't seem to believe it.
           | 
           | Where at?
        
             | lanthissa wrote:
             | you can get a job as a long haul truck driver in texas with
             | no education and paid for training paying 80-100k and live
             | in an area where houses cost 300k, within 5 years starting
             | from zero with no education you can own a home and have a
             | nest egg big enough to become an owner operator or invest
             | in a small business.
             | 
             | so thats the floor for anyone willing to put in a few years
             | of work.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | It says non-backbreaking. Truck driving is one of the
               | highest risk jobs towards one's back.
        
           | 9rx wrote:
           | Also, US manufacturing already struggles to find workers.
           | 
           | The problem, though, is that 70% of US manufacturing happens
           | in small town/rural areas, which is not where the people
           | looking for jobs are found, so you get this curious
           | disconnect.
        
         | zipy124 wrote:
         | Whilst this is true, there is some distortion to that statement
         | with measuring by value. If I produce a screw for the US
         | military (a scenario where supply chains are highly regulated
         | and thus may be unable to buy cheap from a foreign country) and
         | sell it for $1, I have produced a dollar of manufacturing by
         | value, but If I produce exactly the same product in China for
         | $0.1, I've only made 10 cents by value, despite the fact I have
         | made exactly the same product.
         | 
         | There is a reason why for instance ships and raw materials
         | output is measured in tonnage, since that is the actual thing
         | produced, the value is secondary to that. That is you would
         | want to measure the actual amount of goods produced rather than
         | what they sold for, obviously only amongst comparable
         | categories.
        
       | jillesvangurp wrote:
       | The counter point here is that the US and EU have benefited with
       | a lot of economic growth in the past few decades. The fact that
       | this growth effect has now run its course just means that things
       | may need to change again and that old assumptions may need to re-
       | evaluated. Which might include looking at strategies to re-shore.
       | 
       | Not because off shoring was a mistake 40-50 years ago; but
       | because technology now enables automating a lot of the type of
       | jobs that we off shored. I'm referring to robotics and and other
       | innovations in manufacturing and assembly that reduces the amount
       | of cheap labor needed and calls for higher skilled labor that the
       | west can still provide.
       | 
       | The higher cost of skilled labor can be offset against the also
       | substantial cost of shipping. A typical car from China costs
       | between 1-2K $ to transport. And that's of course before tariffs.
       | Also shipping is slow and building locally means faster delivery
       | of custom orders, which is another thing enabled by modern
       | manufacturing technology. There are many valid reasons to re-
       | shore and re-thinking supply chains.
       | 
       | The Chinese are moving ahead applying the same kind of
       | technologies in e.g. automotive than many other manufacturers
       | with the exception of maybe relatively new companies like Tesla
       | and Rivian that have embraced a software intensive approach to
       | cars already. And that includes spinning up BYD plants on
       | different continents. Compared to a BYD factory, GM and Ford look
       | like they have a bit of catching up to do. Their lack of
       | competitiveness on the international market has a lot to do with
       | the fact that they failed to modernize their businesses. Also,
       | they seem to be repeating their mistake of the nineteen eighties
       | when the Japanese kicked their behinds with better cars and more
       | modern manufacturing. Their reflex to blame the Japanese,
       | Koreans, Chinese (or whomever) for their own failings is not a
       | great one. It's going to yield the same result unless they
       | change.
        
         | potato3732842 wrote:
         | What growth?
         | 
         | A bunch of assholes in offices (edit: and a handful of C-suite
         | above them of course) got rich on RSUs at the expense of the
         | entire rest of the economy. The factory shut down and all those
         | workers are getting screwed driving for some gig service or
         | order picking for ecommerce or whatever.
         | 
         | Number go up only matters if the number going up is strongly
         | associated with things getting better.
         | 
         | And it didn't even necessarily get better for the asshole in
         | the office. A few of them won but most of them can't afford to
         | live within an hour of where he works, have a family, etc, etc.
         | 
         | Whole lot of good it did us.
        
           | pepperball wrote:
           | > What growth?
           | 
           | You can get $15/h jobs and cheap, giant spyware TV's now. Are
           | you not impressed with your bread and circuses?
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | I do think that we have built ourselves the perfect circus.
             | An Elaborate labyrinth of internet doom scrolling for many
             | which is hard to get out of.
             | 
             | Real change feels out of the way so of course people forget
             | that that they are capable of change in the first place.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | The 2-3%/year economic growth that has been common since the
           | 1980s. People getting rich is nothing new. You can go back 50
           | years, 100 years, 150 years, etc. and find the same kind of
           | debates.
           | 
           | The difference is that people work less than ever and obesity
           | is now a sign of poverty rather than wealth. Depression era
           | US had people actually starving. The relative wealth of the
           | middle class in the sixties and seventies is something you
           | might rightfully mourn a little. But even then, there was a
           | lot of poverty.
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | This is the "but iPhones and avocado toast" argument.
             | 
             | Calories and consumer goods are cheaper than ever. Housing,
             | education and healthcare are more expensive than they've
             | ever been. There has been a marked decrease in the amount
             | of personal and economic autonomy available to the middle
             | class and below over the past 40yr. Look at how medium
             | skill level workers lived in the 1980s. It's basically a
             | foreign country compared to today.
             | 
             | Having a robot vacuum to smear your dog's shit all around
             | doesn't actually make you wealthier if you can't afford a
             | house for the dog to shit in and apartments don't allow
             | dogs.
             | 
             | What people want is a comfortable and fulfilling life, both
             | of which are assessed on a relative basis. The modern
             | economy has given them a rat race and shitty highs and they
             | know it. Happy pills don't make depressed people happy.
             | They just make them not depressed.
        
               | jillesvangurp wrote:
               | What people want never existed. You always find people
               | that want more. But the same apartment that currently
               | houses a couple of people used to house entire families.
               | And it wouldn't have had a lot of the comforts people
               | take for granted these days.
               | 
               | What you describe are first world problems.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | Makes sense. There is no real functional difference though
       | between offshoring a job, or importing cheap (H1B or other)
       | labour to do it in the home country.
        
       | chaostheory wrote:
       | Globalism was also a big factor in world peace overall.
        
       | cmxch wrote:
       | Easiest way to do it is to financially and legally cut off all
       | avenues to offshore and outsource.
       | 
       | Then make it litigative open season for any affected or displaced
       | person to court mandate a near-blank check to make up for the
       | generational contempt of US citizens.
        
       | samiv wrote:
       | As long as you have power structures in place in society where
       | labor is weak and capital class is strong the capital class is
       | going to use all their wealth and power to extract everything
       | they can from the rest of the society.
       | 
       | Regardless of whether you bring or do not bring manufacturing
       | back you also have to fix these socioeconomic issues before all
       | can prosper.
        
       | TYPE_FASTER wrote:
       | Founder of American AI company believes AI infrastructure should
       | be built in America.
       | 
       | Let's see what the United States Secretary of Commerce has to say
       | regarding onshore manufacturing:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNUXedYX7aE&t=17s
        
       | booleandilemma wrote:
       | No kidding. We need to abolish the H-1B too. What a disgrace that
       | is.
        
       | doctorpangloss wrote:
       | I'm sure Jensen Huang is diligently thinking about serving his
       | country every day.
        
         | windowliker wrote:
         | Taiwan?
        
       | stillworks wrote:
       | Do we (or someone better informed) understand the impact of re-
       | shoring ?
       | 
       | In my mind, the reason (or the original intent) for off-shoring
       | was to reduce costs to be able to sell more X (because cheaper is
       | easier to sell) and selling more X means more profit and better
       | market capitalisation (if the company selling X was public)
       | 
       | If re-shoring is adopted, my assumption/understanding is that X
       | will retail at a higher price. Oversimplification maybe, but
       | higher retail price means lower sales means lower profit (means
       | lower stock price if the company selling X was public)
       | 
       | The solution to that would be higher/more automation i.e. less
       | (or minimal) manufacturing related jobs I think ?
       | 
       | And now the situation would be that while there was capital-
       | return-to-shore happening but went into automation and the jobs
       | recovery was not what someone would have expected (both in terms
       | of scale and skill)
       | 
       | But because the jobs were virtually re-shored the off shore
       | labour market now suffers ?
       | 
       | Thoughts... ?
        
       | mkl95 wrote:
       | Could a company other than Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing
       | Company manufacture the chips that Nvidia products are made of,
       | and could that happen in America? The answer is yes to both. But
       | if Nvidia attempted it today, it would be doomed. Jensen knows
       | that sometimes it's more convenient to be Jen-Hsun.
        
       | AIorNot wrote:
       | Jensen wants power and resources for his data centers big news
        
       | filloooo wrote:
       | I think people are ignoring the reciprocity in the global trading
       | system.
       | 
       | People and news articles always talk about goods trade deficits
       | for rich countries, but never their almost universal services
       | trade surpluses, and the profit margins are vastly different.
       | 
       | For manufacturing, a large part of the revenue goes to materials
       | costs, but for services, almost all of it are net incomes.
       | 
       | Yes you can bring back manufacturing jobs, but your services
       | surpluses would also shrink, because when you don't open your
       | market, countries were not obligated to let you reap profits
       | there too.
        
       | notepad0x90 wrote:
       | Similar things can be said about LLMs replacing jobs. I'm all for
       | governments regulating such changes, but at best they can only
       | slow things down.
       | 
       | But that said, there is a balance to be had. Ultimately, quality
       | of goods and services, and the competitiveness of the country as
       | a whole must take priority. Not jobs. The whole idea of creating
       | jobs for the sake of creating jobs is perverse. It doesn't help
       | anyone and harms the public in the long term. If we want a way to
       | give people income, UBI or similar welfare-like approaches make
       | sense. They might even be more profitable in the long-run.
       | 
       | With offshoring, has the quality of software gone up or down? If
       | it has gone down, then these companies are harming the country.
       | If they can improve quality by offshoring, then so be it. That
       | only means whatever we're doing isn't working in terms of
       | generating quality software, and we need to fix that. But I think
       | it is a bit more nuanced, offshoring to certain countries tends
       | to have higher quality than others, so that should be taken into
       | account.
       | 
       | My wish is that we all (not just the US) go back to the 50's and
       | 60's space-race era mindset of competitive innovation. I think
       | (and I hope it isn't too controversial to say) that culturally
       | we've been abandoning nationalism and nationalistic-pride, these
       | were the drivers back then. Whether it was Nazi germans, USSR
       | scientists, NASA scientists, bell labs,etc.. there was a strong
       | sense of country/nation and that our work was contributing to
       | that, that something we're building as a collective that will be
       | our legacy to be passed on to the next generation.
       | 
       | The offshoring and general enshittification culture today is not
       | that. It's Reaganism turned pandemic. The only thing that matters
       | it the thickness of the shareholder's wallet. What I expect from
       | governments is to take a bi-partisan approach to this, we need
       | some sort of nationalistic pride to get us back on track. With EU
       | for example, I can see a sense of European identity and choesion
       | being formed now that the US is turning more and more hostile
       | towards the EU. In the cold-war era, we had russia to unite us.
       | Now, we're more concerned about other americans in the US than we
       | are about China or Russia, our sense of partisan/sub-culture
       | identity is much stronger than the national identity, there is no
       | expectation or pressure from the government or the public for
       | companies to work in the best interests of the country. At best
       | we expect them to be proxies for welfare programs.
       | 
       | In other words, whether it is LLMs or offshoring, we should
       | expect them to not do that because the alternative is better. The
       | educated workforce in the US is not looking good,it's pretty
       | dismal. Even the population attending college has gone down
       | dramatically. Companies like TSMC struggle big time when trying
       | to open plants in the US because there is no talent here. From
       | what I hear from teachers all over, the post-covid situation is
       | very scary, it is perhaps more concerning than anything else for
       | the future sustainability of the US as a country.
       | 
       | I agree that we've done a great disservice to the country by
       | offshoring, but only in part, only in cases where the quality of
       | the work was poor. For example,I reckon (and i could be wrong)
       | there are more developers and with better talent per-capita (not
       | by volume) in certain western-european countries than the US.
       | Even in India, for a long time there was this bias that
       | outsourced talent there is of lesser quality, but over the
       | decades I thing things have improved - but you do get what you
       | pay for. My point is, coupled with this sentiment should be how
       | we've also done a great disservice to the country by screwing up
       | education, government and a several other things. It isn't just
       | offshoring, there is a more fundamental mindset that is corrosive
       | and must be addressed.
        
       | sharadov wrote:
       | STFU Jensen, why don't you stop making circular deals and build a
       | Fab with the 5 trillion dollars that you have - rather than
       | having TSMC and Samsung make them?
       | 
       | Put your money where your mouth is!
        
       | alfiedotwtf wrote:
       | "We?"... how insulting.
       | 
       | I've noticed again and again what's missing from the often
       | repeated by media blame game of "they're taking our jobs" is the
       | fact that it was US corporations purposefully offshoring in the
       | name of maximising profits at the expense of paying US wages
       | locally, rather than countries "stealing" the jobs ffs! It's.
       | Pure. Xenophobic. Deflection. FFS!
       | 
       | "They're stealing our jobs!". No... corporate America applied the
       | Ferengi Rules of Aquisition #6 to whole industries for a quick
       | buck.
        
       | topspin wrote:
       | Andrew Grove, in his later years, held the same view. He
       | explained essentially everything we had seen till then and since:
       | the decline of US semiconductor manufacturing, the loss of
       | talent, critical dependence on foreign nations and companies,
       | etc.
       | 
       | It turns out you can't cherry pick the intellectual work and fob
       | the rest off on foreign supply and still maintain global
       | leadership and domestic prosperity. The whole stack must be at
       | least competitive domestically. Only trade policy can achieve
       | this.
        
       | t43562 wrote:
       | You cannot replicate the situation where the US was the workshop
       | of the world at a time when other major industrial powers had
       | been smashed by war...unless you try to smash them or encourage
       | them to have a war....
       | 
       | Other countries develop and need less of the basic products that
       | they can begin to make for themselves, they create trade blocs
       | where they can begin to achieve scale greater than the US or they
       | simply are bigger anyhow. If the US can substitute imports then
       | so can they.
       | 
       | IMO the US has ridden the wave because that was the only sensible
       | thing to do and it has stayed rich as a result. Adjustments may
       | be needed - it's not safe to not be able to make fairly modern
       | chips - but the whole world will get poorer if one splits it up
       | and prevents scaling.
       | 
       | What to do now...well....
        
       | tharmas wrote:
       | The $US as world's reserve currency played a big part in why
       | manufacturing was offshored. As manufacturing processes mature
       | they move to the periphery. Because of the reserve currency
       | status of the $US, this periphery meant outside the United
       | States.
       | 
       | The periphery got the jobs and the US Elite got the $$$'s. What
       | should've happened though was the Elites should've invested their
       | cash into in technologies. Sure they did to some extent (NVIDIA
       | is an example) but mostly what they did was pile their money into
       | fixed assets, hence the inflation (e.g. housing) we have today.
       | 
       | The Blame lies with the Investment class elites, the Bankers, and
       | the Donor Controlled politicians. Washington D.C. (Donor
       | Controlled).
        
       | swagasaurus-rex wrote:
       | What's missing from these conversations are the cost of living.
       | 
       | We've financialized the housing market, meaning the very basic
       | needs of shelter now rises in price in accordance to the market.
       | If tech workers make 2x or 3x the median annual salary, it makes
       | housing prices rise for everybody else in the city.
       | 
       | In order to pay a "living wage" employers have to pay enough for
       | their workers to make rent and groceries. In america, one of the
       | highest GDP per capita in the world, the "living wage" is
       | somewhere between 3x to 10x the offshore salary.
       | 
       | If you could house millions of people at the bare minimum cost,
       | if you could provide them food and healthcare at prices that
       | aren't inflated, then the living wage doesn't need to be so high.
       | 
       | We talk a lot about raising the minimum wage. What about lowering
       | the minimum costs? That would mean a less stressful life for
       | workers and cheaper labor for employers.
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | The financialized housing market is only a symptom of the over-
         | regulation (through zoning and permitting) of housing,
         | construction, and real estate in general. This over-regulation
         | is itself a microcosm of the petrification of the majority of
         | the economy.
        
       | deliciousturkey wrote:
       | Traditionally, economy are typically divided into three sectors:
       | Agriculture, industry, and services. Service industry contains
       | everything from nursing to software development and sales. The
       | problem with this division is that there is an extreme
       | productivity gap within work in the service industry. A software
       | developer's work can serve 100 million people at a time, when a
       | nurse can only serve one customer at one specific time.
       | 
       | The reason why highly developed economies have become so service
       | driven is because they have become sort of bimodal: The cost of
       | labor is such that only jobs that are productive enough
       | (profitability per hour) are done in these countries, and jobs
       | that absolutely have to be done there to sustain the population.
       | Jobs in the middle, everything that is not highly profitable or
       | location-dependent, is offshored to lower-cost countries due to
       | the cost of labor. This results in these developed countries
       | having issues: Cost of living is high due to labor cost and
       | there's high economic inequality due to wildly differing
       | productivity.
       | 
       | The solution would be to bring these "mid-productivity" jobs back
       | to developed countries. However, the main roadblocks still
       | remain: The cost of labor is too expensive for most of these jobs
       | to be competitive globally. However, I think there might be a way
       | to do this in the near future: Advancements in robotics would
       | mean a higher level of automation for industrial work, meaning
       | more industrial jobs would become viable in high-cost countries.
       | Each worker would be productive enough that the cost of labor is
       | not critical anymore.
       | 
       | To make this happen, I believe it's important to ensure that the
       | country is viable for this kind of manufacturing: Energy supply
       | needs to be abundant and cheap, workforce needs to be educated,
       | outside the "elite" students, and there needs to be low trade
       | barriers. Low trade barriers are needed, because virtually all
       | manufacturing is part of a global supply chain where parts cross
       | many borders before the product is sold (and (high-value)
       | products are sold globally). Additionally, the viability of
       | automation will vary between different parts of the supply chain,
       | and so you likely cannot automate everything.
        
       | andsoitis wrote:
       | > The largest segment of the economy is manufacturing. And we've
       | offshored that for too long. For 20 years. We got to bring that
       | back.
       | 
       | Lie. The largest sector is Services at 70%. Besides, if it were
       | the largest how can you also say it is offshored and needs to be
       | brought back?
        
       | publicompute wrote:
       | Every country, or coalition of countries, need to have public
       | manufacturing run by their respective governments where their
       | main purpose is to raise the bar on product quality, r&d, and
       | employee care.
       | 
       | Let the private sector battle it out in their race to the bottom
       | on everything, but ensure there is an ethical and trustworthy
       | alternative to create the necessary competition in the
       | marketplace to secure progress, both technological _and_ social,
       | over stagnation and eventual necrosis.
       | 
       | This is part of that "national security" we hear so many go on
       | about when defending their policies of hate.
        
       | lgleason wrote:
       | The political dance of NVIDIA:
       | 
       | 1. Offshore jobs, maximize profits and take advantage of
       | incentives to offshore. 2. Political winds shift. 3. Talk a good
       | game about needing to onshore, make some token moves to move a
       | small token amount of manufacturing back to the US. (You are
       | here). 4. Once the admin changes and/or mid terms, continue to
       | spend more on offshoring.
        
       | gaoshan wrote:
       | If maximizing profits is the primary thing that matters (and in
       | the US, amongst other places, it is) then nothing will change
       | about this. It's also why unions are so opposed by certain groups
       | and it's why we have such an obscene wealth imbalance.
       | Shareholders and profits matter more than people.
       | 
       | Martin Luther King Jr. expressed it well when he said, "when
       | machines and computers, profit motives and property rights, are
       | considered more important than people, the giant triplets of
       | racism, extreme materialism and militarism are incapable of being
       | conquered,"
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | There are three things that I think go underrated about America's
       | manufacturing problems:
       | 
       | 1. A lot of industries offshored simply because the owners of the
       | facilities just sold and shipped off rare/expensive/important
       | equipment to other countries without a second thought. Especially
       | tool and die equipment. So a lot of industries in countries like
       | Korea and China or India literally use the exact same equipment
       | we used 80+ years ago. Even if we wanted these jobs back, the
       | countries & businesses in question are too smart to ever sell the
       | equipment back at nearly any price (why we can't manufacture them
       | again is a whole other problem).
       | 
       | 2. As Jensen alludes here, the cost of energy in the US dropped
       | through the 60s but then flatlined. We became too dependent on
       | fossil fuel and "comfortable enough" consumer prices. But the
       | energy intensive heavy industry all moved to places with nuclear
       | power or heavily subsidized power sectors.
       | 
       | 3. The lack of any sort of public welfare solution is a
       | distinctly American industrial policy failure. Manufacturing
       | depends on labor force flexibility - both in finding the right
       | people for jobs, as well as just dealing with stop-and-go or
       | seasonal work. But Americans having their healthcare and
       | retirement tied to their jobs and full employment is a huge boat
       | anchor on both the workforce and industry.
        
       | ongytenes wrote:
       | Hmm Could Jensen's statement be motivated that by forcing
       | companies to build AI infrastructure would ensure more of his
       | Nvidia AI chips to be sold? I keep seeing him say things that
       | makes him appear bias towards more sales. Like dismissing any
       | possibility that an AI bubble is growing. To admit the
       | possibility may hurt sales.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | "If only we could find the people responsible for this" -
       | American CEOs
        
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