[HN Gopher] iOS allows alternative browser engines in Japan
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       iOS allows alternative browser engines in Japan
        
       Author : eklavya
       Score  : 325 points
       Date   : 2026-01-01 13:30 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (developer.apple.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (developer.apple.com)
        
       | shmerl wrote:
       | Did Japan decide to push proper competition laws?
       | 
       | Time to force Apple to do it everywhere. Very long overdue.
        
         | signal11 wrote:
         | I agree with the "enforce competition laws" sentiment, but in
         | this context, _enforced naively_ , all it'll do is entrench the
         | dominant browser engine, Blink, even more across the mobile
         | ecosystem.
         | 
         | I'm sure some devs will love this. But equally, some may worry
         | about the monoculture implications.
        
           | dekoidal wrote:
           | It hasn't on Macs. Safari is still popular among non-tech
           | folk
        
             | crossroadsguy wrote:
             | That's because Apple adds two extra legs to Safari on OS
             | level and cuts both the legs of other browsers in a manner
             | of speaking by rigging this comparison.
        
               | argsnd wrote:
               | In what way do you think this is meaningfully occurring?
               | I ask because I have not heard of Chrome or Firefox being
               | inhibited on energy efficiency by platform limitations.
        
               | Klonoar wrote:
               | This needs a big ol' "citation needed" slapped across it.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | I think the narrative is that once developers have the
             | option to tell all of their users "we only support Chrome,
             | just install Chrome" then any support for Safari will dry
             | up.
             | 
             | Unfortunately I don't think we will see if this is how it
             | plays out until Apple has to allow other browsers globally.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | The reason Apple doesn't allow any other browser engines
               | on iOS is due to them collecting up to 30% of purchases
               | made through the apps from the app store. If a developer
               | can do the same things with a _capable_ web browser, then
               | they won 't need to create a native iOS app and that cuts
               | into Apple's app revenue. So Apple purposely hobbles
               | Safari so it doesn't have any advanced browser APIs for
               | stuff like bluetooth or other APIs that apps have access
               | to, forcing developers to create an app, where Apple can
               | then cut into purchases made through the app.
               | 
               | It has nothing to do with people no longer using Safari
               | and Apple being sad about that. Other browsers can
               | technically be installed on iOS, but the underlying
               | browser engine is forced to be Safari, which lacks many
               | APIs other web browsers could implement, reducing the
               | need for a native app. It's purely Apple's anti-
               | competitive greed that drives this situation. And the EU,
               | Japan, and the US DOJ have noticed. So far only the EU
               | and Japan have actually taken measures to force Apple to
               | change this.
               | 
               | Here's the entire DOJ lawsuit which includes many other
               | instances of anti-competitive practices by Apple.
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | What evidence do you have, other than speculation, that
               | Apple is so motivated? What standard features are missing
               | from Safari's rendering engine that makes it a less
               | capable browser such that developers are forced to
               | produce apps instead?
        
               | koolala wrote:
               | WebXR hasn't been supported for 10 years so they control
               | their own AR market.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | How does it compare to, say, the experience on Android?
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | Specifically for me, my company has a product that could
               | use Bluetooth, but Safari will never implement the Web
               | Bluetooth API, where Chrome has for some time on Android.
               | So the workaround is to use Wifi instead (my product
               | supports both bluetooth and Wifi), which drains the phone
               | battery faster.
               | 
               | No, we do not want to write our own iOS app where Apple
               | can then extort us for a percentage of any sales through
               | the app, and we have to pay for the priviledge to develop
               | that app, as well as buy Apple hardware to do so.
               | 
               | So instead we use Wifi, where we can maintain one single
               | codebase - the web application, which works on both
               | Android and iOS, but has to use Wifi. If Apple allowed
               | Chrome to use its own browser engine, we would simply
               | tell users to install Chrome to interact with our device.
               | Then we don't have to pay Apple for anything, nor should
               | we have to.
               | 
               | Apple purposely won't implement some APIs so they can
               | force developers to create an app for their app store
               | where they can collect money from any additional sales
               | through the app. It's all spelled out in the DOJ suit,
               | why won't you just read it??
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | We've responded to this in a different thread. See
               | elsewhere.
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | It's still got popularity within tech-inclined Mac/iOS
             | circles too because it's easier on the battery than Chrome
             | (+derivatives) and Firefox. Some would like to switch but
             | because neither Google nor Mozilla has much to lose for
             | their browsers being battery hogs, relatively little
             | engineering effort gets dedicated to improving efficiency
             | compared to WebKit (which is similarly efficient under
             | Linux in e.g. GNOME Web, proving it's not purely first-
             | party advantage).
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | The "monoculture" has never been less of a threat. WPT.FYI is
           | driving towards asymptotically perfect compatibility and
           | behavior. And the real web, the long-tail of websites, is too
           | chaotic to be controlled by any entity regardless of browser
           | market share. Chrome can cook up whatever API they want, no
           | website can be forced to adopt it. And if someone can't use
           | some WebMIDI site on Safari, well, they can't complain, they
           | didn't want that site to exist in the first place.
           | 
           | It's simply not a good excuse to defend the iOS browser ban.
        
           | shmerl wrote:
           | Banning competition can't possibly help increasing
           | competition.
           | 
           | It would be good to see Firefox with its own engine there for
           | example.
        
       | Wowfunhappy wrote:
       | I know this isn't new for Japan, but this requirement caught my
       | eye:
       | 
       | > Use memory-safe programming languages, or features that improve
       | memory safety within other languages, within the alternative web
       | browser engine at a minimum for all code that processes web
       | content
       | 
       | Would Apple themselves meet this requirement? Isn't WebKit C++?
       | Of course, I'm not sure what would be considered "features that
       | improve memory safety within other languages," that's kind of
       | vague.
        
         | rafram wrote:
         | https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/wiki/Safer-CPP-Guidelines
        
           | hu3 wrote:
           | Documentation to guide devs on safe usage of C++ is enough?
           | 
           | So any language should be allowed as long as they instruct
           | developers to be careful.
        
             | creato wrote:
             | I don't know if they do this, but those conventions could
             | be enforced by a tool.
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | Yes, they do this, and it's really not an unreasonable
               | requirement.
        
               | arcanemachiner wrote:
               | Of course. It's just a coincidence that they're placing
               | onerous restrictions on competi- I mean _alternative_
               | browser engines. Restrictions which, of course, they 're
               | not obliged to follow themselves.
               | 
               | I am sure that Apple will make no other efforts to impede
               | others from unwalling the garden. That would be
               | completely ridiculous, and frankly, un-Apple-esque.
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | Both Chrome and Firefox are already compliant, so I don't
               | see it as onerous, but the full context of the list is
               | indeed an extremely loud and clear "FUCK YOU, WE OWN YOU"
               | to regulators and other browser vendors.
        
               | dagmx wrote:
               | Which of the restrictions do you feel they don't abide
               | by? It looks like they meet all their own restrictions
        
               | JimmyBiscuit wrote:
               | Theres C++ in military airplanes, they just cut out 90%
               | of the features: https://www.stroustrup.com/JSF-AV-
               | rules.pdf
               | 
               | And heres a nice video about it:
               | https://youtu.be/Gv4sDL9Ljww?si=Z4riPMKAKcIKaU0s
        
               | dmazzoni wrote:
               | Yes, in WebKit, SaferCPP guidelines are enforced by a
               | static analysis tool.
        
               | jjmarr wrote:
               | My work bans raw new and delete, so we only use
               | unique_ptr. It's not as memory safe as Rust's borrow
               | checker but I've never seen a segfault.
        
             | resonious wrote:
             | Compliance often works exactly like this.
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | I do wonder how long before Apple either replaces WebKit with
         | something built in Swift, or starts slowly converting their
         | browser engine to Swift.
        
       | zb3 wrote:
       | The title is misleading. "Allows" need to be in quotes - they did
       | everything they could to make sure this won't change anything in
       | practice. Screw Apple.
        
         | ninkendo wrote:
         | Could you elaborate? Other than the "Japan" requirement it
         | seems legit?
         | 
         | I guess the requirements are pretty onerous, but they all seem
         | like table stakes for a browser these days (Firefox or Chrome
         | should have no problem with them, for instance.)
        
         | catlikesshrimp wrote:
         | They weren't going to title "Apple forced to allow
         | alternative..."
         | 
         | They are the ones allowing the alternatives because they are
         | the gate keepers. They have "the keys"
        
       | threethirtytwo wrote:
       | Why only Japan? Seems like something forced them to in Japan.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | Yes, there is a new Japanese law that forces them.
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | It's in the EU and Japan, so basically all regions that have
         | pushed back against Apple's anti-competitive ways.
         | 
         | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/bundleresources/en...
        
         | leptons wrote:
         | The US DOJ was attempting to sue Apple in an antitrust suit for
         | _many things_ , including blocking every browser engine except
         | their own Safari browser on iOS.
         | 
         | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inline
         | 
         | Who knows if this will actually move forward now that "Tim
         | Apple" gave the current leader a meaningless golden trophy.
        
         | guessmyname wrote:
         | For many Hacker News readers who check the website every day,
         | this is not news:
         | 
         | * (4 years ago) Japan forces Apple to slightly loosen
         | restrictions on 'reader' apps --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28387094
         | 
         | * (3 years ago) Japan pushes for Apple and Google to allow
         | sideloading -- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36393809
         | 
         | * (3 years ago) Japan to open up Apple and Google app stores to
         | competition -- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36368735
         | 
         | * (3 years ago) Japan to open up Apple- and Google-dominated
         | phone apps to competition --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36370398
         | 
         | * (3 years ago) Apple Japan hit with $98M in back taxes for
         | missing duty-free abuses --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34156235
         | 
         | * (2 years ago) Japan to crack down on Apple and Google app
         | store monopolies --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38773429
         | 
         | * (2 years ago) Japan forces Apple and Google to open their
         | mobile platforms --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40666651
         | 
         | * (2 years ago) Japan enacts law to curb Apple, Google's app
         | dominance -- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40671162
         | 
         | * (5 months ago) Japan: Apple Must Lift Browser Engine Ban by
         | December -- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44810061
         | 
         | * (5 months ago) Japan Law Will Require Apple to Allow Non-
         | WebKit Browsers on iPhone --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44826077
         | 
         | * (15 days ago) Apple Announces Changes to iOS in Japan --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46307858
         | 
         | * (14 days ago) Apple and Google respond to new Japan
         | smartphone law, including reduced app fees --
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46310074
         | 
         | ... and more here: https://hn.algolia.com/?q=japan+apple
        
       | drnick1 wrote:
       | 2026 should be the year when every tech-minded person dumps Apple
       | (and Google) for good and either starting running either a free
       | Android OS (Graphene, Lineage or a couple of other variants) or a
       | Linux phone.
       | 
       | At this point, Apple and Google devices are nothing more than
       | instruments of coercion and mass surveillance.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | Unfortunately, I appreciate the deep integration between my
         | phone and my laptop too much to drop either
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | I don't have Apple devices to compare, but I think KDE
           | Connect can closely replicate this, entirely locally. I
           | wouldn't be surprised if Apple's "deep integrations" rely on
           | cloud components that are privacy-violating by design (even
           | if Apple promises not to look at the data flowing through
           | their servers).
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | Most cross device stuff in the Apple world actually works
             | via P2P Bluetooth and WiFi and functions without an
             | internet connection or even a shared WiFi network. Mac and
             | iDevice WiFi hardware is even designed with this in mind
             | and is capable of maintaining P2P connections to other
             | devices and a WiFi network simultaneously without rapidly
             | switching between the two like many commodity WiFi cards
             | have to.
        
             | cpuguy83 wrote:
             | KDE Connect with iOS, while useful, is _terrible_.
        
             | arzig wrote:
             | Unfortunately the integration is really quite weak with
             | Apple. KDE Connect cannot remain active while the
             | application is not in the foreground. It's possibly a
             | packaging issue but pairing from fedora is also quite
             | flakey.
             | 
             | As absurd as this sounds windows -> iPhone via their phone
             | link is actually almost as good as apples built in
             | ecosystem to the point where I can make phone calls and
             | send texts on my computer. It's not quite as seamless
             | especially the setup but that is a well done wizard and it
             | mostly works.
        
               | Rohansi wrote:
               | > _KDE Connect cannot remain active while the application
               | is not in the foreground._
               | 
               | Looks like you can thank Apple for that one.
               | 
               | https://github.com/KDE/kdeconnect-ios?tab=readme-ov-
               | file#kno...
        
         | websiteapi wrote:
         | UX is much worse imo on graphene compared to iOS
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | I disagree. I had an iPhone in the past and find the
           | minimalist Graphene UI refreshing. It's like comparing KDE on
           | Arch to Windows 11 or MacOS. Nothing gets in your way or
           | distracts you, the OS is what an OS is supposed to be, a
           | platform for managing and launching apps.
        
             | websiteapi wrote:
             | _UX_ , not UI. perfect example is you copy something on
             | your laptop and paste it on your phone. trivial on iDevice.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | Tailscale drop is better and works across devices.
        
               | websiteapi wrote:
               | tail scale drop is much more complicated than literally
               | copying and pasting on iDevice. that's literally all you
               | do, no setup, nothing and this is just one example for
               | one type of action.
               | 
               | https://tailscale.com/kb/1106/taildrop
               | 
               | look at all of that, lol. iDevice is literally copy and
               | paste any file or text. the end - you don't even have to
               | set it up.
        
               | rendaw wrote:
               | This sounds like hyperbole. I've never used tailscale,
               | but reading that doc:
               | 
               | Installation: Install the tailscale client
               | 
               | Sharing: Click on the share menu and select tailscale
               | 
               | It's a beta feature so there's also a switch you have to
               | flip for now.
        
               | websiteapi wrote:
               | you don't need to believe me. I use it daily. don't know
               | why you're so defensive lol - it's our own opinion. fyi I
               | didn't have to do anything for this to work (clipboard
               | laptop to phone)
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | Meanwhile, for Apple:
               | 
               | Installation: nothing.
               | 
               | Sharing: Cmd+C/Cmd+V
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | How do I copy it from my Mac to my Android?
        
               | drnick1 wrote:
               | KDE connect over Bluetooth or WiFi seems ideal for this,
               | so it's definitely possible. I am not sure how the
               | iDevices deal with this, but I really don't want anything
               | cloud-connected.
        
               | hu3 wrote:
               | this doesn't work sometimes. my wife complains frequently
        
               | bigyabai wrote:
               | KDE Connect is more reliable than Continuity Clipboard,
               | in my experience.
        
               | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
               | Trivial as in it works well sometimes and badly in other
               | times with no explanation for why. That's my experience
               | anyway.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | It literally always works flawlessly for me unless
               | Bluetooth is turned off.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | so you have your file on a laptop running linux, and its
               | just easy to move the file to your iOS phone?
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | It's definitely something that varies from person to
             | person. I tried putting Graphene on a _secondary_ Android
             | device (an old Pixel 3XL) and compared to the stock ROM or
             | more typical AOSP fork (e.g. LineageOS or Pixel
             | Experience), I found it rather frustrating. I can't imagine
             | running it on my daily driver.
             | 
             | Similarly with Linux, the sheer number of rough edges,
             | papercuts, and quirks is still too high (regardless of if
             | I'm using a big name DE or hyper minimal tiling WM or
             | somewhere in between) for them to serve as my main desktop
             | environment.
        
           | IlikeKitties wrote:
           | >UX is much worse imo on graphene compared to iOS
           | 
           | Freedom and privacy exist on graphene.
        
         | bigyabai wrote:
         | 2026 should be the _last_ year when anyone technical-minded
         | comes around to the realization that Google /Apple are in the
         | Fed's pocket. If you're making the switch in 2027 or 2028, it's
         | probably too late for you.
        
         | EA-3167 wrote:
         | This is profoundly out of touch with how almost everyone who
         | isn't a particularly zealous member of certain movements lives
         | their lives.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Lectures and admonitions won't change anything. People will
         | move to Graphene and Linux when it's better for them.
         | 
         | Coercion and surveillance problems are pretty far down the list
         | of complaints most people have with their personal devices.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | > 2026 should be the year when every tech-minded person dumps
         | Apple (and Google) for good
         | 
         | Why? I am a very tech-minded person but simply don't care about
         | running alternative browser engines on my phone. Am I "wrong"
         | in your opinion?
        
         | yokoprime wrote:
         | Making "tech-minded persons" dump apple etc does NOTHING to
         | move the needle in terms of what most people use.
         | 
         | For example I'm running a pretty sweet calibre-web automated
         | setup with Kobo readers. Ive changed the storefront on my kobo
         | and have seemless sync OTA of selected shelves. And even I
         | struggle to get my wife to choose that setup over Amazon
         | kindle. The very minute there is a single snag, normies (sorry
         | wife dear) lose interest.
        
         | viktorcode wrote:
         | Can you please elaborate on how iPhones are instruments of mass
         | surveillance?
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | Among others:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM
           | 
           | https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/
           | 
           | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/apple-siri-lawsuit-
           | settlement-i...
        
         | meindnoch wrote:
         | Unfortunately, I prefer smooth animations.
        
         | bsimpson wrote:
         | So far as I can tell, Linux phones are still ass.
         | 
         | Linux on mobile is probably even more behind than Linux on
         | desktop was in the 90s.
        
       | koolba wrote:
       | Does this mean we'll finally have "real" firefox with support for
       | ublock origin on iOS?
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | Apple is going to (mostly) obey the letter of the law but they
         | will continue to resist strongly in every way they can. Onerous
         | requirements, arbitrary restrictions, overzealous enforcement,
         | and most of all bad APIs with limited capabilities and no
         | workarounds for bugs.
         | 
         | Shipping a good and complete browser engine on iOS will require
         | more than just developers. You'll also need a team of lawyers
         | to threaten and sue Apple to get their policy restrictions
         | relaxed and APIs fixed.
         | 
         | I doubt Mozilla or Google will be willing to spend the many
         | developer-years and lawyer-years it will take to fully port
         | every feature of a whole engine and properly maintain it in
         | such a hostile environment, just for the Japan market. I expect
         | to see some hobbyist-level ports but not something worth using
         | for a long time. Unless other countries follow suit.
        
           | arcanemachiner wrote:
           | > just for the Japan market
           | 
           | Also the EU, no?
        
             | modeless wrote:
             | Does the EU also require third party engines to be able to
             | replace the web view in apps systemwide? Or does it only
             | require that single standalone browser apps can use
             | alternative engines?
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | > Does the EU also require third party engines to be able
               | to replace the system web view in apps systemwide?
               | 
               | Yes.
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | Hmm, actually now that I look closer at the Japan
               | requirements, it doesn't seem to allow replacing the web
               | view systemwide, as I thought, and as Android allows. And
               | neither do the EU requirements. They only allow
               | individual apps to embed an alternative engine on a per-
               | app basis by including the whole engine within the app.
               | And the Japan page includes the caveat "apps from browser
               | engine stewards" which if interpreted zealously (and I
               | expect Apple to) would forbid apps not from Google or
               | Mozilla from embedding Chromium or Gecko.
               | 
               | This is a pretty big limitation considering how much iOS
               | web browsing happens in web views. Having both the EU and
               | Japan as markets may be enough for Google to port
               | Chromium just for Chrome itself, but we will have to wait
               | and see. Actually Chromium development is open so it
               | should be pretty easy to see if Google has a serious
               | porting effort or not.
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | > neither do the EU requirements
               | 
               | Wrong, they do specify "standalone web browsers as well
               | as web browsers integrated or embedded in software or
               | similar" are both covered, that's in the law.
               | 
               | What you're referring to is how Apple chose to implement
               | it. The EU hasn't opened a compliance case on Safari yet
               | but I expect they'll do so at some point.
        
         | Longhanks wrote:
         | Could've happened some time ago already in the EU, so there
         | must be reasons for Firefox an Google not to ship their own
         | engines (yet?).
        
         | __turbobrew__ wrote:
         | uBO lite works pretty well on ios/safari for me.
        
         | Zak wrote:
         | Probably not, at least not from Mozilla themselves. They cite
         | onerous requirements and the difficulty of having to maintain
         | different apps for different regions.
         | 
         | https://www.theverge.com/2024/1/26/24052067/mozilla-apple-io...
        
           | wolvoleo wrote:
           | Yeah malicious compliance :(
        
         | ckcheng wrote:
         | FYI. iOS Safari already supports uBlock Origin Lite. iOS
         | Firefox can do the same anytime but it already has some
         | tracking and content blocking built in too.
        
           | aryonoco wrote:
           | As someone who has recently switched from Android to iOS, I
           | can tell you uBlock Origin Lite on Safari on iOS is a poor
           | man's imitation of the real uBlock Origin on Firefox on
           | Android.
        
             | mi_lk wrote:
             | are there major sites that don't work for you?
        
             | LetsGetTechnicl wrote:
             | How does it compare to 1Blocker? I use that in Safari and
             | also a VPN when I'm away back to my home connection so it
             | uses my NextDNS which also blocks a lot of in-app ads.
        
             | ckcheng wrote:
             | Oh definitely! I know you're just using the phrase and
             | don't imply otherwise, but to clarify the word "imitation",
             | uBO lite is _not_ a fake imitation but actually an official
             | thing from uBO and Raymond Hill: see
             | https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBOL-home
        
         | viktorcode wrote:
         | Probably not, as the same rules were applied to Apple devices
         | in EU earlier, and no third party browser engines appeared.
         | 
         | But right now you can use uBlock origin lite in Safari. Or any
         | other of multitude of other adblockers.
        
         | nntwozz wrote:
         | There is ublock origin lite for Safari in the meantime:
         | 
         | https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBOL-home?tab=readme-ov-file
         | 
         | (it's great)
        
         | swiftcoder wrote:
         | Nope. Apple has successfully made the rules so complicated that
         | we still don't have any 3rd party browser engines in the EU,
         | more than a year later.
        
         | mrtesthah wrote:
         | You can actually use full uBlock origin in Kagi's Orion iOS
         | browser.
        
       | rorylawless wrote:
       | My hope for laws such as the ones Japan and the EU enacted was
       | that companies would see the writing on the wall and change their
       | practices worldwide, if only for cost reasons (it presumably
       | being more expensive to maintain multiple sets of rules.)
       | However, these companies are now so large that they can choose to
       | absorb any inefficiencies on a country-by-country basis.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | There are many things Apple does that have anticompetitive
         | motivations, but the browser engine doesn't seem like one of
         | them. It's genuinely about security and battery life and
         | standardization. So if cost was never the reason in the first
         | place, cost is not going to be the reason to change.
        
           | greiskul wrote:
           | It is literally done for strategic reasons to put a
           | stranglehold on innovations on the web, so that there is no
           | risk of web app technology developing to a point to threaten
           | the dominance of native apps and the app store.
           | 
           | Anybody that thinks otherwise is hopeless naive, Steve Jobs
           | himself envisioned a web app future as the future of
           | technology; before Apple found out the gold mine that the app
           | store became.
        
             | otterley wrote:
             | > Anybody that thinks otherwise is hopeless naive
             | 
             | This is inappropriate. People can reasonably disagree
             | without being insulting to each other.
             | 
             | If you have concrete evidence that Apple is deliberately
             | withholding some essential advancement in Safari or its
             | support for Web standards so that it can sell more apps, by
             | all means, cite it.
        
               | greiskul wrote:
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=safari+is+the+new+ie
               | 
               | Just read the summary that Gemini provides for a good
               | quick understanding, and follow up the multiple articles
               | about it. Then please don't come back and say that there
               | is nothing concrete about this evidence, that is just
               | people speculating about a behavior that Apple has been
               | engaging repeatedly and continuously for over a decade.
        
               | givinguflac wrote:
               | Seriously, you expect people to click a Google search
               | link for people who agree with you- and then read what
               | the LLM has to say?? When did HN become a garbage dump
               | where people don't do their own research and/or thinking?
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | About 10 years ago, by my reckoning. The less people know
               | about a subject, the more strongly opinionated and
               | certain they are about it. It's not just HN, though; it's
               | a very human condition.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | It is you that needs to cite the evidence, not some LLM,
               | and with hard facts coupled with evidence of intent, not
               | just referring to mere opinions.
               | 
               | You claim to know something with certainty, so one can
               | reasonably expect you have the expertise and data to
               | prove it. If you come to the kitchen claiming to be a
               | chef, you'd better come with sharp knives, not photos of
               | them.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Look, I agree that Safari sucks, but with or without the
               | AI overview (which I don't believe is Gemini, rather that
               | is a very cheap and dumb model that's been told to
               | summarize a few top results), linking to a search is not
               | a strong debating technique. I could link to a search for
               | "Safari has the best technology" and it would have the
               | same zero value.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | > _to put a stranglehold on innovations on the web_
             | 
             | I think that's the hypothetical part, it's not reality.
             | Safari continues to be a fully modern browser. It doesn't
             | release new features quite as fast as Chrome, but it does
             | generally adopt them.
             | 
             | If Apple were attempting to put a "stranglehold on
             | innovations on the web", Safari's feature set would look
             | _very_ different. But that 's not what's happening.
             | 
             | Like I said, Apple does lots of anticompetitive things. I'm
             | not blind to what they do with the app store. I just don't
             | think that the single browser engine policy is motivated by
             | this, or has much effect on it, given how Apple _does_ keep
             | maintaining Safari as a modern browser.
        
               | aryonoco wrote:
               | Safari is the modern IE. the fact that PWAs didn't take
               | off in the last decade js purely due to Safari.
               | 
               | The only reason Apple has banned alternative engines and
               | continues to hold back on major web technologies is
               | anticompetitive behaviour.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | No, I think Chrome is the modern IE. It has huge market
               | share, to the point where developers often just ignore
               | the other browsers or at best treat them as P2. Just like
               | they did when IE was dominant.
               | 
               | I'm torn on this honestly. Safari (particularly mobile
               | Safari) is literally the only thing keeping the web from
               | becoming Chrome-only. While I would love to see Safari-
               | alternative engines on the iPhone, I fear that the "open
               | web" in terms of browser compatibility is cooked the day
               | that happens: Commercial web developers are supremely
               | lazy and their product managers are, too. They will
               | consider the web Chrome-only from that day forward and
               | simply refuse to lift a finger for other browsers.
               | 
               | I think when IE6 died, on one hand it was a relief for
               | web developers, who (very quickly) deleted all the code
               | needed to maintain compatibility, but on the other hand,
               | it made the web worse by bringing us closer to browser
               | monopoly.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Chrome is the IE in that it's all the web devs target or
               | test and the browser that every enterprise just uses as
               | the assumed target. Safari is the late-stage IE that
               | doesn't add any features or modern standards that its
               | (supposed) competitors add. Although Apple seems to have
               | different and more strategic reasons than MS did. Apple
               | just hates the Web because they can't effectively
               | tollbooth it, whereas I think MS just didn't care about
               | investing in IE after 2001 or so.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _Safari is the modern IE._
               | 
               | That's not true. It's not even available on most
               | computers. IE was about Microsoft _not_ following web
               | standards and abusing its monopoly position; Safari is a
               | minor browser by overall market share and is broadly
               | standards-compliant.
               | 
               | > _the fact that PWAs didn't take off in the last decade
               | js purely due to Safari._
               | 
               | So then why aren't PWA's super-popular on Windows and on
               | Android? Since Safari doesn't affect those?
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | > Safari is a minor browser by overall market share and
               | is broadly standards-compliant.
               | 
               | It's officially compliant but in practice there's a lot
               | of buggy implementations in Safari and you'll spend lots
               | of time on workarounds and debugging.
               | 
               | It's also the last non-evergreen browser being tied to
               | the OS so it's the slowest to update, compounding that
               | effect.
               | 
               | > So then why aren't PWA's super-popular on Windows and
               | on Android? Since Safari doesn't affect those?
               | 
               | Personally I think that's because it's still not that
               | convenient even on Android even if better.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | If those are the extent of complaints, then I think
               | Safari's doing just fine. That's _nothing_ like the next
               | IE, and shows that PWA still have their own problems
               | regardless of Apple.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | It's interesting how the "Apple can do no wrong"
               | shareholders and "I will hate on PWAs no matter what"
               | types, curiously converge and keep regurgitating the same
               | talking points that have been addressed ad nauseam, even
               | in this thread. Every technology has its "own problems"
               | regardless of Apple, but it certainly doesn't help when
               | Apple, being one of the biggest companies in the world,
               | persistently engages in its sabotage.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >So then why aren't PWA's super-popular on Windows and on
               | Android? Since Safari doesn't affect those?
               | 
               | Says who?
               | 
               | "Yes, PWAs have become popular on these platforms. I work
               | for Microsoft on the Microsoft Store (app store on
               | Windows) and I work with the Edge team, and I work on
               | PWABuilder.com, which publishes PWAs to app stores. Some
               | of the most popular apps in the Microsoft Store are PWAs:
               | Netflix, TikTok, Adobe Creative Cloud, Disney+, and many
               | others.
               | 
               | To view the list of PWAs in the Store, on a Windows box
               | you can run ms-windows-store://assoc/?Tags=AppExtension-
               | microsoft.store.edgePWA" -
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46457849
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | It absolutely is reality. _Safari is the worst browser by
               | far_ , it's been compared to Microsoft's old Internet
               | Explorer browser. But don't take my word for it, lots of
               | people have written about it...
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=safari+is+the+new+ie
               | 
               | And Apple purposely will never implement lots of APIs
               | that only their native apps allow (which other browsers
               | implement), specifically to force many developers to
               | create a native app to use these APIs, so that Apple can
               | force the developer to give them a percentage of any
               | purchases made through the app. They can't force a
               | developer to give them a cut of purchases made through a
               | web browser, which is why they purposely hobble the
               | Safari browser engine and then force all other browsers
               | to use this engine. If you can't see how bad this is,
               | then you've been taken over by the reality distortion
               | field.
               | 
               | It's spelled out in the DOJ lawsuit against apple, among
               | many other anti-competitive practices.
               | 
               | Microsoft got sued and lost in an antitrust suit for
               | bundling IE with Windows. Apple bundles Safari with iOS
               | but forbids any other browser engine but their Safari
               | engine. Can you imagine if Microsoft forbade any other
               | browser from being installed on Windows? It's time Apple
               | was brought to justice over their abusive anti-
               | competitive practices.
               | 
               | Here's the whole DOJ suit against Apple:
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | givinguflac wrote:
               | You seriously just link to a google search of people who
               | agree with you?? Solid investigation. Hard disagree on
               | safari being even in the same ballpark as IE; what's your
               | alternative, Google owns the entirety of the browser
               | space?
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | I included that link not as "research" but as proof that
               | I am not the only one calling Safari "the new IE". It's
               | been written about ad nauseum, and just because you think
               | a google search is pointless doesn't mean my argument
               | lacks merit - and if you were to do your own "research",
               | I'd bet you would start with a google search. Thousands
               | of people have written about it, so go see what they have
               | to say, I am not the only one claiming it.
               | 
               | >Hard disagree on safari being even in the same ballpark
               | as IE;
               | 
               | It's a crap browser, and Apple implements things the way
               | they want to, especially around touch interactions. So I
               | have to have a real iPhone to debug problems with Apple's
               | implementations. Safari fucking sucks, it just does, and
               | your trolling comment doesn't disprove it.
               | 
               | >what's your alternative, Google owns the entirety of the
               | browser space?
               | 
               | I don't care if they do or if they don't. All I want is
               | an alternative to Safari on iOS. Is that really so bad??
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _So I have to have a real iPhone to debug problems with
               | Apple 's implementations. Safari fucking sucks_
               | 
               | You'll still have to debug it. Even when other browsers
               | are allowed, Safari isn't going away.
               | 
               | "Safari fucking sucks" isn't an argument that Apple is
               | being anticompetitive. There are a bunch of things that
               | suck about Chrome too. And Firefox as well. No product is
               | perfect.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | I don't really agree with allowing one monopolistic
               | company to behave anticompetitively because we're scared
               | of their only competitor, another monopolist. They're
               | both menaces to consumer rights.
        
               | ChadNauseam wrote:
               | I suspect it might have been motivated by antitrust
               | concerns, but safari is really not that bad. Check out
               | Interop 2025: https://wpt.fyi/interop-2025
               | 
               | They generally are pretty caught up on features. They
               | have webgpu, they support the web notifications API (once
               | a PWA is installed), lots of stuff. My main gripe is that
               | they make it too hard to install PWAs, but we're still
               | waiting for an actual API for that. (Maybe in 2027? [0])
               | 
               | > And Apple purposely will never implement lots of APIs
               | that only their native apps allow (which other browsers
               | implement)
               | 
               | Can you give an example?
               | 
               | [0]: https://blogs.windows.com/msedgedev/2025/11/24/the-
               | web-insta...
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >> And Apple purposely will never implement lots of APIs
               | that only their native apps allow (which other browsers
               | implement)
               | 
               | >Can you give an example?
               | 
               | Web Bluetooth, Web USB, Web NFC, Web Serial...
               | 
               | Of course Apple will uphold its usual charade to claim
               | that it's about pRiVacy & sEcuRiTy to maintain plausible
               | deniability. They could easily implement it and keep it
               | disabled by default, such that users could make the
               | conscious choice to enable it or keep it disabled. Any
               | adequate analysis of Apple's behavior and motivations
               | must mention Apple's conflict of interest, because Apple
               | will be biased against technology that could diminish the
               | value proposition of "native" apps which Apple has been
               | taxing so unchallenged for all these years.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > Web Bluetooth, Web USB, Web NFC, Web Serial
               | 
               | Chrome-only non-standards. Note that Firefox is against
               | these, too.
               | 
               | > Any adequate analysis of Apple's behavior and
               | motivations must mention Apple's conflict of interest
               | 
               | I've yet to see an adequate analysis that doesn't pretend
               | that anything Chrome shits, sorry, ships is immediately a
               | standard that must absolutely be implemented by everyone
               | immediately.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | You're right that Firefox also opposes some of these
               | specific _implementations_ in its current form, and that
               | Google often rushes features. However, that doesn 't
               | diminish Apple's conflict of interest at all, so
               | sometimes their arguments happen to align with reality
               | just as a broken clock is correct twice a day. Apple
               | applies many double standards e.g. they allow native apps
               | to access these hardware features (where they happen to
               | collect a 30% tax) but block the Web from doing the same
               | (where they collect 0%). If privacy was the only concern,
               | they would work on a safe standard, but instead they
               | block the capability entirely to ensure that any of the
               | App Store's rivals remain constrained and thus inferior
               | such that the App Store's revenue isn't threatened.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > You're right that Firefox also opposes some of these
               | specific implementations in its current form, and that
               | Google often rushes features. However, that doesn't
               | diminish Apple's conflict of interest at all
               | 
               | Funny how you agree that Firefox opposes these non-
               | standards, and how Google rushes things. And immediately
               | turn around and basically say "no-no-no, Apple is to
               | blame and Safari (and, by extension Firefox) must
               | absolutely implement these non-standard features from
               | Chrome".
               | 
               | The rest of demagoguery is irrelevant.
               | 
               | BTW literally the moment Firefox relented and implemented
               | WebMIDI they had originally opposed, they immediately ran
               | into tracking/fingerprinting attempts using WebMIDI that
               | Chrome just couldn't care less about.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >Funny how you agree that Firefox opposes these non-
               | standards, and how Google rushes things. And immediately
               | turn around and basically say "no-no-no, Apple is to
               | blame and Safari (and, by extension Firefox) must
               | absolutely implement these non-standard features from
               | Chrome".
               | 
               | There is nothing "funny" about me acknowledging facts,
               | that's what a reasonable person should always do, try it.
               | What's not funny though, is how you're butchering and
               | misrepresenting my arguments to such a gross degree. I've
               | never stated that everybody "must implement these non-
               | standard features from Chrome", instead I've made a much
               | more nuanced argument about how Apple's conflict of
               | interest is motivating them to reject entire feature sets
               | for competing technology instead of helping to implement
               | a safe standard, which is indicative of their bad faith
               | motivations. That anti-competitive strategy has been
               | essential for Apple in collecting billions in app taxes
               | by systematically hobbling any competition before it can
               | emerge.
               | 
               | >BTW literally the moment Firefox relented and
               | implemented WebMIDI they had originally opposed, they
               | immediately ran into tracking/fingerprinting attempts
               | using WebMIDI that Chrome just couldn't care less about.
               | 
               | So? Just as native apps give users certain freedoms that
               | can have problematic aspects, web apps should have _equal
               | rights_ and be able to play on a level playing field. The
               | choice and freedom should be the users' and not that of
               | Apple's finance division. None of this gives Apple the
               | right to uphold its anti-competitive strategy with its
               | corporate double speak. And the fact that you're so
               | hyperfocused on specifics while failing to grasp the
               | broader argument, so you can cheerlead for Apple's anti-
               | competitive behavior, is revealing a clear bias.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > Apple's conflict of interest is motivating them to
               | reject entire feature sets for competing technology
               | instead of helping to implement a safe standard
               | 
               | It literally is "everyone must immediately implement
               | anything Chrome shits out". You don't even accept the
               | fact that _both_ Safari _and_ Firefox team reject the
               | entire premise _on the same grounds_.
               | 
               | Nope. "They must work on better standards for these
               | features that Chrome ships".
               | 
               | > The choice and freedom should be the users' and not
               | that of Apple's finance division.
               | 
               | Funny how in the paragraph you respond to I didn't
               | mention Apple once.
               | 
               | > And the fact that you're so hyperfocused on specifics
               | while failing to grasp the broader argument
               | 
               | There's no broader argument. You literally dismiss
               | Firefox as irrelevant [1], assume that whatever Chrome
               | ships is good, and assumes that Apple is both a bad actor
               | driven entirely by money _an_ must implement whatever
               | Chrome comes up with (under the guise of  "should work to
               | implement a safe standard").
               | 
               | [1] Their position on these Chrome features is literally
               | the same as Apple's https://mozilla.github.io/standards-
               | positions/
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >It literally is "everyone must immediately implement
               | anything Chrome shits out". You don't even accept the
               | fact that both Safari and Firefox team reject the entire
               | premise on the same grounds.
               | 
               | It isn't factually and certainly not "literally" that.
               | I've explicitly stated that the problem isn't the
               | rejection of the specific implementation in its current
               | form, but the wholesale refusal of features to deny rival
               | technology equal rights, instead of helping to implement
               | a safe standard. That is evidence of Apple's bad faith
               | motivation to hobble competing technology in favor of
               | their App Store tax funnel. You consistently refuse to
               | understand this and resort to deflecting from and
               | distorting that fact.
               | 
               | >There's no broader argument.
               | 
               | There is, it's the one you've been deflecting and
               | distracting from, because it refutes your biased talking
               | points completely.
               | 
               | >You literally dismiss Firefox as irrelevant [1][1] Their
               | position on these Chrome features is literally the same
               | as Apple's https://mozilla.github.io/standards-positions/
               | 
               | No I don't. You're literally making stuff up and ignoring
               | the fact that I have actually even started my response
               | with an acknowledgement of that point: "You're right that
               | Firefox also opposes some of these specific
               | implementations in its current form, and that Google
               | often rushes features. However, that doesn't diminish
               | Apple's conflict of interest at all, so sometimes their
               | arguments happen to align with reality just as a broken
               | clock is correct twice a day."
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46457938
               | 
               | >and assumes that Apple is both a bad actor driven
               | entirely by money an must implement whatever Chrome comes
               | up with
               | 
               | There is no such assumption, only the fact that Apple has
               | a conflict of interest, which manifests itself in anti-
               | competitive behavior, for which I've provided documented
               | evidence. I've also never stated that they "must
               | implement whatever Chrome comes up with", that's a gross
               | misrepresentation, which you are stubbornly repeating,
               | despite me having refuted it several times now. Your bias
               | in this matter couldn't be more obvious, due to your
               | dedication to distorting any evidence that refutes
               | Apple's propaganda narrative, so you keep blindly
               | repeating the same tired and old talking points despite
               | evidence to the contrary.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Are the Chrome features useful? Are they open? If it's
               | bad for users (e.g. some new ad tracking) or if it's
               | proprietary and thus expensive to license or reverse
               | engineer that's one thing, but if it's not that, then
               | refusing to ever adopt those standards (or to provide
               | their own alternatives) is either foolish NIH syndrome on
               | Apple's part or it's greed.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > If it's bad for users (e.g. some new ad tracking)
               | 
               | Yes
               | 
               | > but if it's not that, then refusing to ever adopt those
               | standards (or to provide their own alternatives) is
               | either foolish NIH syndrome on Apple's part or it's
               | greed.
               | 
               | Note that Firefox's position is literally exactly the
               | same as Apple's on these Chrome-only features:
               | https://mozilla.github.io/standards-positions/
        
               | jauntywundrkind wrote:
               | Personally my feel is Safari at least isn't dead in the
               | water any more, does ship some stuff. It's much better
               | than 2 years ago. 4 years ago it was a travesty.
               | 
               | But there's still all sorts of wonkiness they just makes
               | Safari non viable. If you don't PWA install, your storage
               | gets cleared alarmingly quickly. If you do install it's
               | still cleared wicked fast. Notifications seem to have
               | incredibly unreliable delivery issues and require PWA
               | installs to work at all. The features are closer to
               | parity than before but the base functionality is still
               | sabotaged deeply. 'The user is secure' with Apple is
               | amazing doublespeak (the second meaning being securely in
               | Apple's pocket with no where to go).
               | 
               | It's worth noting that Interop participants meet and
               | decide via unanimous consent what they are going to work
               | on each year. The anti-trust case against Apple would be
               | far stronger if they didn't show up & find some stuff to
               | work on, to agree to. And with apologies as I break out
               | the tin foil hat, showing up also gives them some
               | leverage to shape what _doesn 't_ get worked on too.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | Safari is the worst browser by far, especially on iOS.
               | Apple also does things their own way, ignoring standards,
               | so that I have to have a real actual iPhone to debug
               | their platform-specific problems, especially around touch
               | interactions.
               | 
               | >Can you give an example?
               | 
               | Web Bluetooth API, and lots of others. My product could
               | use bluetooth but we're forced to work around Apple's
               | Safari limitations and use Wifi instead, which drains the
               | battery faster. We do not want to write a specific app
               | for iOS (which costs us money to build and maintain),
               | which then allows Apple to extort us for a percentage of
               | sales through the app. Bluetooth would be the better
               | option, but Wifi works although is a bit more cumbersome
               | to deal with. So sorry Apple fans, you have to use wifi
               | with our product because Apple reasons.
               | 
               | I am going to open a bottle of champagne when the DOJ
               | finally forces Apple to allow other browsers on iOS.
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | No, it's just not true.
               | 
               | Interop 2025 is a subset of web features, but Apple gets
               | a veto on which features get included in each Interop
               | round, and vetoes heavily. It doesn't reflect
               | interoperability in general. Safari also consistently
               | starts out the worst each year, and improves the slowest.
               | 
               | They don't support notifications correctly, they have a
               | semi-broken implementation. Only a subset of sites will
               | work, even though they'll work perfectly on Chrome or
               | Firefox or even minor browsers. Even if you put the site
               | on the homescreen.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > https://www.google.com/search?q=safari+is+the+new+ie
               | 
               | Which is of course bullshit
               | 
               | --- start quote ---
               | 
               | The allegation that Safari is holding back web
               | development by its lack of support for key features is
               | not new, but it's not true, either. Back fifteen years
               | ago IE held back the web because web developers had to
               | cater to its outdated technology stack. "Best viewed with
               | IE" and all that. But do you ever see a "Best viewed with
               | Safari" notice? No, you don't. Another browser takes that
               | special place in web developers' hearts and minds.
               | 
               | ...even though Chrome is not the standard, it's treated
               | as such by many web developers.
               | 
               | https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2021/08/breaking
               | _th...
               | 
               | --- end quote ---
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | I'm truly curious: as either a user or a developer, how
               | are you impacted by Apple's behavior and decisions with
               | respect to its web browser engine policy? What is it
               | preventing you from accomplishing?
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | Specifically for me, my company has a product that could
               | use Bluetooth, but Safari will never implement the Web
               | Bluetooth API, where Chrome has for some time on Android.
               | So the workaround is to use Wifi instead (my product
               | supports both bluetooth and Wifi), which drains the phone
               | battery faster.
               | 
               | No, we do not want to write our own iOS app where Apple
               | can then extort us for a percentage of any sales through
               | the app, and we have to pay for the priviledge to develop
               | that app, as well as buy Apple hardware to do so.
               | 
               | So instead we use Wifi, where we can maintain one single
               | codebase - the web application, which works on both
               | Android and iOS, but has to use Wifi. If Apple allowed
               | Chrome to use its own browser engine, we would simply
               | tell users to install Chrome to interact with our device.
               | Then we don't have to pay Apple for anything, nor should
               | we have to.
               | 
               | Apple purposely won't implement some APIs so they can
               | force developers to create an app for their app store
               | where they can collect money from any additional sales
               | through the app. It's all spelled out in the DOJ suit,
               | why won't you just read it??
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | It's not alleged in the complaint that Apple cripples
               | Safari in order to incentivize developers to build apps
               | instead. Respectfully, did _you_ read it?
               | 
               | Also, why would your company cut off its nose to spite
               | its face? If using Bluetooth is a customer requirement
               | (as opposed to merely a "nice to have"), why wouldn't you
               | go to the lengths to provide an app for them?
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _Apple purposely won 't implement some APIs so they can
               | force developers to create an app for their app store
               | where they can collect money from any additional sales
               | through the app._
               | 
               | So then why doesn't Firefox support the Web Bluetooth API
               | either? How can you jump to the conclusion that the lack
               | of Safari support is _about apps_?
               | 
               | The reality is that the Web Bluetooth API is a draft. Not
               | ratified. Not on the formal standards track. And Firefox
               | doesn't even _intend_ to implement it, due to security
               | and privacy concerns around it and the fact that is it
               | not ratified.
               | 
               | But go on assuming it's all about being
               | anticompetitive...
               | 
               | > _It 's all spelled out in the DOJ suit, why won't you
               | just read it?_
               | 
               | I just did a Ctrl+F for Bluetooth and everything relates
               | to smartwatches, not web APIs. There are only two
               | references to Safari, none of which say anything about
               | standards. The phrase "web standard" appears nowhere. The
               | document is 88 pages long, and it's not immediately
               | obvious to me where any of what you're talking about is
               | spelled out. I hope you'll understand I'm not going to
               | spend my afternoon reading the whole thing.
        
             | avar wrote:
             | > Steve Jobs himself envisioned a         > web app future
             | as the future of[...]
             | 
             | I'm not putting cynical motivations past Apple, but you're
             | reading too much (or too little?) into what Jobs said at
             | the time.
             | 
             | His remarks at the time of the initial iPhone release (with
             | the benefit of hindsight) were clearly because they weren't
             | ready to expose any sort of native API's.
             | 
             | Pissing on you and telling you it's raining was typical
             | Jobs reality distortion field marketing, and not an
             | indication that he actually believed it was raining.
        
           | gumby271 wrote:
           | The web browser is the singular hole in Apple's grip over the
           | user's device. While there are definitely arguments that can
           | be made about security, I think it's naive to think that
           | Apple is unaware of this and is operating on something other
           | than protecting their app store fortune.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | If browser F is worse at battery life than browser S, people
           | will figure that out and adapt for themselves. If it's a big
           | difference, it's self-evident; and small differences should
           | show up in the battery life tool and computer press.
           | 
           | Security-wise, the sandbox should limit damage to within the
           | browser, and if it doesn't that's not the browser's fault.
           | _Maybe_ restrict access to password filling and such though
           | / figure out how to offer an API to reduce the impact.
           | 
           | Standardization, eh? Forcing Safari on iOS and not making it
           | available on the mass market platforms (Android and Windows)
           | makes it a pretty wonky standard. I guess there's a claim to
           | be made for the embedded browsing engine, but IMHO, that
           | should be an app developer choice.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | > _people will figure that out and adapt for themselves_
             | 
             | No they won't. People on HN will. Not the average person.
             | 
             | > _Security-wise, the sandbox should limit damage to within
             | the browser_
             | 
             | The problem is, arbitrary code execution vastly expands the
             | risks. Your "should" is doing all the work there.
             | 
             | > _Standardization, eh? Forcing Safari on iOS and not
             | making it available on the mass market platforms_
             | 
             | Huh? Apple _follows_ web standards. Why the heck should it
             | make Safari available on Android and Windows? _Safari_ isn
             | 't a standard, _web standards_ are.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | >> people will figure that out and adapt for themselves
               | 
               | >No they won't. People on HN will. Not the average
               | person.
               | 
               | Yes they will, Apple has made it very easy to see.
               | 
               | To check iOS app power usage, go to Settings > Battery,
               | where you'll see a breakdown of battery consumption by
               | app for the last 24 hours or 10 days, showing usage time
               | and background activity, allowing you to identify power-
               | hungry apps and manage settings like Background App
               | Refresh to improve battery life.
               | 
               | So yeah, it's easy to see which app is taking the most
               | power, and users can do this easily, unless you think
               | Apple's UX is so bad that users won't know how to read
               | it?
               | 
               | >The problem is, arbitrary code execution vastly expands
               | the risks. Your "should" is doing all the work there.
               | 
               | If that's a problem for web browsers, then it's a problem
               | for every single app in the app store. There's nothing
               | really unique about a web browser app that makes it more
               | risky than any other app. Javascript is already very much
               | sandboxed. And there have been plenty of exploits that
               | already target Safari. So saying other browsers are the
               | problem is like blaming the victim (of Apple's anti-
               | competitive practices).
               | 
               | >Huh? Apple follows web standards. Why the heck should it
               | make Safari available on Android and Windows? Safari
               | isn't a standard, web standards are.
               | 
               | If web standards are standards, then let other web
               | browsers on iOS.
               | 
               | The real reason Apple disallows other browser engines on
               | Safari is so they can force developers to create native
               | apps where they can get a cut of any purchase made
               | through the app. The problems with Apple's anti-
               | competitive practices have been spelled out in the DOJ
               | lawsuit against them:
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/media/1344546/dl?inl
               | ine
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _go to Settings > Battery, where you'll see a breakdown
               | of battery consumption by app_
               | 
               | And what percentage of users do you think ever check
               | that, or even know it's there to check?
               | 
               | > _If that 's a problem for web browsers, then it's a
               | problem for every single app in the app store._
               | 
               | No it's not, the app store disallows arbitrary code
               | execution.
               | 
               | > _There 's nothing really unique about a web browser app
               | that makes it more risky than any other app._
               | 
               | Yes there is -- JavaScript.
               | 
               | > _Javascript is already very much sandboxed._
               | 
               | ...by Safari. It wouldn 't be if you allowed any
               | developer to write their own JavaScript interpreter as
               | part of their own browser.
               | 
               | > _If web standards are standards, then let other web
               | browsers on iOS._
               | 
               | That's a non-sequitur.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | >And what percentage of users do you think ever check
               | that, or even know it's there to check?
               | 
               | It does not matter. The functionality is there. If a user
               | can't figure it out then they have other problems that
               | having a smartphone won't fix for them.
               | 
               | >No it's not, the app store disallows arbitrary code
               | execution.
               | 
               | You mean Javascript interpreters inside a web browser?
               | lol. You mean like Safari is allowed to do? So only Apple
               | can allow Apple apps to do this? I'm not sure you're
               | thinking this through. Apples rule is a made-up rule
               | designed to keep competition out, and force developers to
               | write native apps so Apple can extort the developers by
               | taking a percentage of purchases made through the native
               | app.
               | 
               | >Yes there is -- JavaScript.
               | 
               | That's the dumbest possible argument you could make.
               | Javascript has been very much sandboxed and secure for a
               | very long time. There have been flaws in Safari that
               | allowed remote code execution had nothing to do with
               | Javascript, so good luck moving that goalpost somewhere
               | else.
               | 
               | >...by Safari. It wouldn't be if you allowed any
               | developer to write their own JavaScript interpreter as
               | part of their own browser.
               | 
               | I'm not recommending my users use H@ck0rbR0Ws3R, I'm
               | recommending they use _Google Chrome_ , specifically
               | because it supports the APIs my company needs to use for
               | our product (on Android at least).
               | 
               | Okay Tim Apple, the DOJ is coming for you. You can
               | explain this all to them when they come knocking, and
               | they will.
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | > So yeah, it's easy to see which app is taking the most
               | power, and users can do this easily, unless you think
               | Apple's UX is so bad that users won't know how to read
               | it?
               | 
               | It's easy to see, but seeing doesn't mean the user will
               | do anything about it. I guarantee that for the average
               | user, their list goes something like
               | Instagram/TikTok/FaceBook/Twitter, and they haven't
               | uninstalled any of those yet due to battery drain...
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | Apple made it very clear that their security concerns
               | related to third party browsing engines are about
               | difficult-to-contain threats posed by JIT compilation.
               | (JITs require non-text memory pages to be executable.)
               | Apple doesn't allow other apps to use such technology, so
               | they're consistent in that respect.
               | 
               | Apple even disables JIT _for Safari itself_ when you put
               | an iPhone in lockdown mode, at no small cost to
               | performance, in an effort to harden the device even more.
               | 
               | Do you have a rebuttal to that?
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | Yes. Safari is a less secure browser than Chrome,
               | architecturally. Took far longer to ship sandboxing.
               | Still hasn't fixed SLAP and FLOP. Still hasn't shipped
               | proper site isolation. Takes far longer to fix reported
               | vulnerabilities, and consistently "fixes" them
               | superficially and incorrectly, requiring another fix.
               | 
               | Enough with the Apple fanboy paternalism. They don't need
               | absolute control "for users' sake". They're not entitled
               | to it.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | > Still hasn't fixed SLAP and FLOP. Still hasn't shipped
               | proper site isolation.
               | 
               | Those are interesting facts, but are ultimately a red
               | herring. How will enabling JIT for other browser engines,
               | absent the detailed vetting Apple is requiring to provide
               | a Web Browser Engine entitlement, yield a more secure
               | outcome?
               | 
               | > Enough with the Apple fanboy paternalism. They don't
               | need absolute control "for users' sake". They're not
               | entitled to it.
               | 
               | You are, of course, welcome to choose an alternative. If
               | you prefer Android, by all means, use it!
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | The "vetting" is irrelevant because the other engines
               | will continue to not exist. By design.
               | 
               | I am currently forced to use a less secure browser due to
               | Apple's restrictions, which invalidates your original
               | claim. Your skillful dodging of that point is why it's so
               | frustrating to have any conversation about Apple. There
               | really are cult-like aspects.
        
             | Tagbert wrote:
             | Safari has long been better for battery than Chrome but
             | people still install Chrome on their MacBooks.
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | Yep. Chrome's mindshare and momentum is incredibly
               | difficult to overcome, and outside of technology-oriented
               | circles users generally don't develop associations
               | between specific programs and poor battery life unless it
               | gets the fans blaring like you're running Cyberpunk 2077
               | with setting cranked to max or something.
               | 
               | It's similar to how the overwhelming majority of people
               | driving cars aren't going to make note of the difference
               | in driving dynamics between CVT and automatic
               | transmissions unless one severely underperforms compared
               | to the other. It either runs or it doesn't and that's
               | where the distinction ends for people who treat their
               | car/computer/phone as an appliance.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> If browser F is worse at battery life than browser S,
             | people will figure that out and adapt for themselves._
             | 
             | Unfortunately, the makers of a certain browser also control
             | several major web properties, and regularly make 'mistakes'
             | that break compatibility with competing browsers, while
             | releasing a set of apps that 'forget' users' browser
             | selections on a monthly basis.
             | 
             | Personally, I'd much prefer apple allowed a browser engine
             | with proper ad blocking support. But I do worry that the
             | moment they do so, the almost-monopoly browser market would
             | become a total monopoly.
        
             | n8cpdx wrote:
             | Safari exclusivity is the only reason we aren't living in a
             | 100% "this site built for chrome" world. I think folks must
             | forget the IE days and how bad that was.
             | 
             | There is zero percent chance developers are wasting a
             | second making sure their sites actually work cross platform
             | if not for iOS (and iOS more moneyed user base).
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | We were in a "built for Netscape" world right before IE
               | had its brief window of innovation in versions 4-5. The
               | fact that people were building to IE though was only
               | painful for a few specific reasons: 1. the versions of IE
               | targeted were exclusive to Windows (Mac IE was way
               | different, so it wasn't that useful for when the site had
               | targeted Windows IE)
               | 
               | 2. IE stopped all development of useful UI or web
               | standards features, meaning if you needed the
               | compatibility you were stuck with a stagnant browser
               | 
               | 3. Due to #2, of course web devs hands were tied when it
               | comes to adopting things like HTML5, <video> tags etc.
               | Users would have needed to switch between the two
               | constantly -- Firefox for cool new sites and IE for their
               | bank, school, government, whatever.
               | 
               | I would posit that none of the above seems true about
               | Chromium. They do continue developing it, they add new
               | web standards the most aggressively of anyone, and it's
               | available on basically every platform except the one
               | Apple bans it from. Mind you I don't really want Google
               | to own it, because they are way too damn big even without
               | Chrome... but honestly it's no IE situation.
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | why wouldnt they just drop safari and switch to firefox with
           | ublock origin included in that case?
           | 
           | adtech is the big security and performance drain and allowing
           | ads and making them hard to block is a big security and
           | performance gap
        
         | OptionOfT wrote:
         | At a hardware level it seemed to work. Looking at USB-C on
         | iPhones for example.
         | 
         | Software wise? Fail. EEA gets to disable start search in
         | Windows 11. RoW does not. Interestingly EEA membership is
         | decided at install time based on your selection, and is not
         | changeable afterwards.
         | 
         | iPhones on the other hand have a daemon running that checks
         | your location. It's not based on where you set up the phone. So
         | traveling from Europe to somewhere else can actually prevent
         | you from updating apps that you got via an alt-store:
         | 
         | https://www.macrumors.com/2024/03/06/alternative-ios-app-sto...
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | Yea, unfortunately with software, using enough granular
           | feature flags, they can make their software "maximally bad"
           | for each given region. They lose a battle in the EU and are
           | forced to make the software better? They will make it better
           | only in the EU. Lose another one in Japan over a different
           | issue? Just make a "japan" flag and only make it narrowly
           | better for that use case in that region. Lose further battles
           | in other regions, just add more flags.
           | 
           | They will never deploy the "better" feature worldwide if they
           | have the opportunity to limit the better code to a particular
           | region.
           | 
           | 1: And of course, by "better" I am always referring to
           | "better for the user" not "better for Apple."
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | Even in a hardware level, this is easily obtainable, and
             | Apple already does it.
             | 
             | Chinese iPhones? They have 2 physical SIM card slots and no
             | eSIM.
             | 
             | EU iPhones? 1 SIM card slot, and 1 eSIM.
             | 
             | US iPhones? 2 eSIM card slots and no physical SIM. US
             | iPhones also have mmWave when other countries do not.
             | 
             | If Apple wanted to, keeping a Lightning US iPhone was
             | easily on the cards. The EU's role in forcing the issue in
             | the US is exaggerated.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | You make an excellent point. I would guess that it is
               | orders of magnitude more expensive for Apple to create a
               | new hardware configuration than it is for them to add
               | software feature flags, though. But, assuming the cost of
               | making the hardware change worldwide exceeds the cost of
               | reconfiguring their factories for new hardware, you're
               | right that they would not choose to make the hardware
               | change worldwide.
               | 
               | Almost certainly someone (or an entire team) carefully
               | crunched the numbers and deliberately decided not to keep
               | a Lightning US iPhone.
        
               | mod50ack wrote:
               | There are different levels to these things. The number of
               | SIM card slots or bands varying from model to model isn't
               | that unusual. The average user just needs it to work. In
               | fact, the SIM and band configuration differences have
               | nothing to do with regional legal mimina -- they have
               | more to do with the standard practice and available
               | systems in each region (for example, mmWave isn't widely
               | deployed outside the US). The configurations aren't
               | really "worse" in the same way as locking down browser
               | access is worse. Phones have had regional variants going
               | back ~forever for pretty mundane and benign reasons.
               | 
               | More importantly, if a user travels from one region to
               | another, as long as they can use their phone in the place
               | they arrive, having slightly non-optimal bands or a
               | different SIM configuration doesn't matter. The fact that
               | your phone is slightly different from the local model is
               | not really a problem.
               | 
               | But having your charger vary across regions? That's a
               | recipe for disaster. Not only is that another level of
               | variance in your external casing, it impacts day-to-day
               | use. When an American user travels to, say, France, or
               | vice versa, and wants to buy a charger, or share one with
               | someone else, having the same model of iPhone be
               | incompatible would be a major frustration. It would be
               | stupid to engineer a lightning AND USB-C version of the
               | same device for each market.
        
               | bsimpson wrote:
               | My dad got his phone stolen on day 1 of a monthlong trip.
               | He went without a phone the whole trip, in part because
               | he was nervous he wouldn't have the right radios if he
               | brought a euro phone home.
        
               | wolvoleo wrote:
               | That's true they are different. It'll still work, but the
               | bands aren't exactly the same so it may lead to coverage
               | issues depending on the network.
        
           | 15155 wrote:
           | Sounds like a market for Faraday GPS spoofer boxes.
        
             | skinner927 wrote:
             | We still playing Pokemon go?
        
           | gyomu wrote:
           | 1) Apple loves USB-C, they helped invent it and were one of
           | the first to ship a USB-C only laptop
           | 
           | 2) Apple committed to 10 years of lightning support to
           | weather the backlash from dropping 30-pin
           | 
           | USB-C on iPhone was going to happen regardless of the EU.
        
         | viktorcode wrote:
         | And what's your opinion if the law would oblige the companies
         | to remove features their products have like tracking
         | transparency popups? Two countries' courts already fined Apple
         | for enforcing a popup that warns users about tracking across
         | third party apps (a feature Apple themselves do not use)?
        
           | rorylawless wrote:
           | My prior POV was that Apple would jettison the feature
           | globally, but the discussion elsewhere in this thread
           | suggests that salami slicing at the software-level is a cost
           | larger companies are willing to bear.
        
       | ninkendo wrote:
       | The fact we still can't get this in the US is atrocious. They
       | have already paid the cost to implement this for the EU and
       | Japan, but simply don't allow it for US users because... spite, I
       | guess? Horrible.
       | 
       | It reminds me of when I asked for my account to be deleted from
       | some online learning site (Udacity maybe?) And they're response
       | was: "Nope, we only do that for European users." Like they went
       | through all the effort of implementing a proper way to delete
       | your data, but they just... _don 't do it_ if you're not in the
       | right geographic area.
        
         | __aru wrote:
         | > The fact we still can't get this in the US is atrocious.
         | 
         | To be honest, I suspect that Apple is purposefully doing this
         | to make alternatives a logistical and legal nightmare vs their
         | own App store.
         | 
         | By having different rules for different countries, different
         | fee structures, etc, Apple is basically making alternatives as
         | inconvenient and painful as legally possible
         | 
         | The US not getting these features is on purpose, it makes the
         | entire idea of "alternatives on iOS" extremely inconvenient vs
         | just using the App store.
        
         | swiftcoder wrote:
         | > They have already paid the cost to implement this for the EU
         | and Japan, but simply don't allow it for US users because...
         | 
         | If by "this", you mean "a set of rules so complicated that no
         | 3rd party will ever ship a browser"...
         | 
         | In practice, they've shipped a whole lot of nothing, and we
         | still don't have any 3rd party browser engines available in the
         | EU
        
       | concinds wrote:
       | The separate-binary requirement makes it completely DOA, so
       | they're still breaking the law. Deliberately. It bans actions
       | that make it unlikely for browsers to adopt alternative engines.
       | And they mandate no sharing of login-state with any other app
       | from the same developer, despite violating that themselves
       | (Safari sync is turned on by default, no encryption by default).
       | Funny. And they mandate blocking third-party cookies, great but
       | completely inappropriate for _an OS_ to impose. The most
       | hilarious:
       | 
       | > Prioritize resolving reported vulnerabilities with expedience
       | [...] Most vulnerabilities should be resolved in 30 days, but
       | some may be more complex and may take longer.
       | 
       | Apple _does not_ comply with this.
        
       | iqandjoke wrote:
       | So can people in Okinotorishima, Takeshima, Senkaku Islands use
       | that alternative browser?
        
       | gumby271 wrote:
       | It's so disappointing to be fed crumbs like this instead of
       | seeing real consumer protection laws put in place. Let users
       | install software on their computers outside of what the
       | manufacturer permits, why focus on browsers and "app stores"?
        
         | aryonoco wrote:
         | Because capitalism.
        
       | GaryBluto wrote:
       | I'm surprised Apple haven't thrown in the towel and opened things
       | up worldwide yet. It's only a matter of time until it becomes too
       | confusing and problematic to try and run the same system
       | relatively openly in one country and walled in another.
        
         | apples_oranges wrote:
         | FeatureToggles.swift
        
         | travisgriggs wrote:
         | This. It's computation. Computation doesn't really "get"
         | geopolitical borders.
         | 
         | I'm so sick of the ever increasing variances between the
         | different "store" offerings in different regions of the world.
         | Seems like every time I push an update (every month or so), I
         | have to answer updated questions and declarations, often
         | relative to different parts of the world.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | This is a poorly thought through argument, as there is
           | _nothing_ that "gets" geopolitical borders.
        
         | overfeed wrote:
         | > It's only a matter of time until it becomes too confusing and
         | problematic to try and run the same system relatively openly in
         | one country and walled in another
         | 
         | They will continue to do so for as long as it remains
         | profitable. Navigating the complexities of multiple
         | jurisdictions is the bread and butter of MNCs - it's the price
         | of admission into the multinational club. Apple is guaranteed
         | to have lawyers, admins, and executives already on the payroll
         | for this task.
        
           | valleyer wrote:
           | Lawyers, admins, and executives, sure. But what about the
           | complexity on the engineers who now have to maintain an
           | exploding matrix of modes? I can definitely see that becoming
           | burdensome.
        
             | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
             | $500k+ TC makes many burdens worth shouldering
        
             | theplatman wrote:
             | Engineers say they want to work on hard problems then
             | complain that they can't solve something because it's too
             | complex
        
               | MrMetric wrote:
               | The difference is this isn't an inherently hard problem.
               | It's just stupidity. The difficulty is not inherently
               | interesting, because it's all made up.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Seconded, compliance-induced complexity is the most
               | asinine and tedious possible application of programming
               | skills.
        
             | abacadaba wrote:
             | sounds like a problem for claude to worry about
        
             | davnicwil wrote:
             | much has been written about the deteriorating quality of
             | iOS.
             | 
             | There's bluntly not strong external evidence that software
             | quality is a driving priority at Apple in recent years, so
             | it most probably follows that concerns about
             | maintainability aren't either.
        
             | npunt wrote:
             | they make $1b in revenue and $300mm a day in profit
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | You're not wrong, it is burdensome but the sheer volume of
             | money they secure primarily because of their license to
             | rent-seek mercilessly (in the US especially because it's
             | the market they dominate most and with the weakest
             | regulators) makes even a hilarious amount of complexity
             | supportable. Besides, it's mainly the users who suffer from
             | the codebase falling apart, not Apple decision makers.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Or until they've successfully "demonstrated" that it always
           | was impossible.
           | 
           | > Apple is guaranteed to have lawyers, admins, and executives
           | already on the payroll for this task.
           | 
           | As both a shareholder and user, I really wish they'd invest
           | their resources into feature development instead of
           | manufacturing obstacles.
        
         | hypeatei wrote:
         | I've always thought the same. Obviously there isn't much of a
         | technical hurdle since they have the engineering talent. But,
         | keeping track of all these cross-region rules and training your
         | staff+customers on it has to be quite costly in multiple
         | respects (time, energy, mental models, etc.)
         | 
         | My personal opinion is that keeping the browser engine locked
         | down isn't much of a profit generator, unlike maintaining full
         | reign over the app store would be.
        
           | bloppe wrote:
           | Hobbling browser engines is a key pillar of app store
           | control. Decent PWA support would be a massive blow to
           | Apple's bottom line.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | This is the conspiratorial version.
             | 
             | The more likely explanation is that when every app can
             | bundle their own browser engine, we will not see a
             | competition explosion. Instead, Electron apps will come to
             | mobile, with every app shipping its own browser stack.
             | 
             | You can't tell me Gecko, which has already failed on
             | desktop, will suddenly be popular on mobile. You can easily
             | tell me every app shipping their own Chromium would be very
             | popular with developers.
        
               | bloppe wrote:
               | a browser is essentially an app store with no 30% cut for
               | Apple. If you can ship a browser, you don't need to pay
               | the Apple tax
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Has PWA become popular on unencumbered platforms like
               | Android or Windows?
               | 
               | No.
               | 
               | Even if unencumbered on iOS, it will still fail, because
               | PWA is an intrinsically confusing technology. The pitch
               | to non-technical users is terrible. Just like passkeys,
               | which has also been terrible.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >Has PWA become popular on unencumbered platforms like
               | Android or Windows? No.
               | 
               | Obviously. When a major Gatekeeper systematically holds
               | it back to prevent it from challenging its taxation
               | funnel, then it has no chance of competing and will thus
               | not be chosen on competing platforms either, which will
               | prevent its adoption and any investment in it.
               | 
               | >Even if unencumbered on iOS, it will still fail, because
               | PWA is an intrinsically confusing technology.
               | 
               | PWA is not an "intrinsically confusing technology" and
               | making such an absurd statement without proper
               | elaboration reeks of pure bias.
        
               | judah wrote:
               | > "Has PWA become popular on unencumbered platforms like
               | Android or Windows? No."
               | 
               | Yes, PWAs have become popular on these platforms. I work
               | for Microsoft on the Microsoft Store (app store on
               | Windows) and I work with the Edge team, and I work on
               | PWABuilder.com, which publishes PWAs to app stores. Some
               | of the most popular apps in the Microsoft Store are PWAs:
               | Netflix, TikTok, Adobe Creative Cloud, Disney+, and many
               | others.
               | 
               | To view the list of PWAs in the Store, on a Windows box
               | you can run ms-windows-store://assoc/?Tags=AppExtension-
               | microsoft.store.edgePWA
               | 
               | I run PWABuilder.com as well, and I can tell you that
               | many, many PWAs get published to the Google Play Store,
               | including some very popular ones.
               | 
               | I agree there is some confusion around PWA installation.
               | There are some proposed web standards with Google and
               | Microsoft's backing to help with that, e.g. Web Install: 
               | https://github.com/MicrosoftEdge/MSEdgeExplainers/blob/ma
               | in/...
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | It's not that confusing. To a user it could be the same
               | as an app, just one you can be prompted to "install"
               | instantly without a download and without wasting space on
               | your device.
               | 
               | If Apple weren't incentivized to block PWA use, they'd
               | allow them to be "installed" with the same type of little
               | top banner that prompts you to get/open an App Store app.
               | Instead they relegate it to some obscure buried option
               | inside the Safari Share menu.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Every app shipping its own Chromium isn't currently
               | forbidden, as I understand it. They're just not allowed
               | to use their own engines for webviews.
        
               | bloppe wrote:
               | https://www.macobserver.com/news/15-months-later-iphone-
               | user...
        
               | chuckadams wrote:
               | Technically you can even write your own webview, but you
               | can't make it the default, nor will it be able to JIT-
               | compile JS, since that requires an entitlement that Apple
               | never grants. Having no JIT is murder on both performance
               | and battery life.
        
               | kelthuzad wrote:
               | >This is the conspiratorial version.
               | 
               | Everything that's inconvenient for your preferred
               | narrative can just be dismissed as conspiratorial
               | thinking, makes the world so much easier - doesnt it?
               | I've compiled some of the evidences that makes clear how
               | one of the Gatekeepers (Apple) has a tremendous conflict
               | of interest, which manifested itself in systematic
               | sabotaging of PWAs over the years:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45534316
        
               | wolvoleo wrote:
               | Firefox is really good now on android. It's my go to
               | browser now for everything. It just needed full addon
               | support but when that was finally there it was great.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | This is true, however I think an App Store rule that to
               | ship a browser engine, you have to be a browser, defined
               | as having a browser that is maintained on MacOS, Linux,
               | and/or Windows and which can be made the default browser
               | on those platforms. Or even simpler, it has to present
               | web browsing to the user as the primary function and not
               | secondary to accessing content/shopping/gaming.
               | 
               | Seems either approach would rule out your Slack, Amazon
               | app, etc. from shipping their own outdated 900MB
               | Chromiums but allow Chrome, Firefox, K-Meleon, whatever.
        
         | WD-42 wrote:
         | Good. The sooner I can run Firefox with the legit uBlock origin
         | the better.
        
           | steelbrain wrote:
           | While its not Firefox, you can run uBlock origin with the
           | Orion browser from the Kagi people.
        
             | WD-42 wrote:
             | That's what I'm currently doing - it's barely functional.
             | I'm sure it'll get there eventually but it misses a ton of
             | stuff the desktop version blocks.
        
               | browningstreet wrote:
               | I'm running 1Blocker on iOS Safari, what am I not
               | getting?
        
               | nvr219 wrote:
               | I'm using wipr and it's great. using vinegar/baking soda
               | for video adblocks.
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | Proper, _full_ blocking of ads and trackers. Just because
               | you can 't see most of them doesn't mean the network
               | requests aren't getting through. And you're not getting a
               | free and open-source extension. And you're not getting 3
               | extra bucks a month in your wallet, because those
               | grifters made you pay for some pixels despite not
               | contributing to the adblock lists their "business"
               | depends on.
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | Okay now that we have come to the topic, How is Orion
             | browser on App store whereas all others aren't?
             | 
             | is there a way to make more innovation in this area and
             | maybe an extension or two developed adding more perms etc
             | or forking Orion or the know-how behind it and replicating
             | it could finally allow PWA on apple iphones?
        
               | dcdc123 wrote:
               | There are many browsers on the App Store but they all
               | have to use one of two browser engines bundled with iOS.
        
               | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
               | No you don't get me but all browsers in Iphone even
               | firefox and chrome are webkit forks
               | 
               | and neither of them allow any sort of extensions on top
               | 
               | Orion is the only one I think which still supports
               | firefox or chrome extensions as well. I am sure that it
               | can support PWA or already does, not sure, someone should
               | probably test it out.
               | 
               | Theoretically if you can modify the engine enough to run
               | firefox/chrome extensions on it when firefox/chrome
               | themselves on Iphone can't but somehow Orion can, I don't
               | see a reason why nobody's else doing it but combined with
               | some really really good pwa support as well?
        
               | dcdc123 wrote:
               | I don't think you get how it works. When you download a
               | browser on iOS it does not have an engine _at all_, not
               | even a "WebKit fork". The browser is just a UI and
               | wrapper for one of the engines bundles in iOS. No
               | modifications can be done to the engine whatsoever, it is
               | part of the OS.
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | Orion has always been designed to use WebKit.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | I don't think you understand Apple's stubbornness. They DO NOT
         | like being told what to do.
         | 
         | They seem to have gotten a long way better with Japan in this
         | process than the EU, but they're still not happy about it. So
         | they're absolutely not gonna just roll over for everyone.
        
       | d--b wrote:
       | I'm all for privacy and alternative app stores, but opening
       | browser engines to the competition isn't something I'm keen to
       | have.
       | 
       | Now every phone will ship with 2 engines (inevitably chrome is
       | going to be bundled in at least one of your apps). Both are tied
       | to large tech companies. And both have approximately the same
       | feature set.
       | 
       | At this stage, I can't think of any upside for the end user. New
       | CSS crap or obscure web APIs, or proprietary DRM? And the cost is
       | that we're going to get new website badges "only in Chrome", or
       | "only in Safari", like it's 1999.
       | 
       | This is Apple, people know what they get into, and they kind of
       | want that an iPhone is not a PC.
       | 
       | It looks like everyone thinks that this is a good thing. Can
       | anyone explain beyond the "this is a monopoly" argument? It's not
       | a monopoly if the engine is free, and if they need the engine to
       | more or less match all the desktop engines.
       | 
       | I don't feel cornered by Apple on that one.
        
       | mettamage wrote:
       | I would love to have a browser that I can use my stylus to
       | scribble with.
        
       | MBCook wrote:
       | I'm not going to say I think Apple should be able to lock out
       | competing browsers, I know this is going to happen.
       | 
       | But God I don't want this. The iPhone is basically the only thing
       | stopping a total Chrome/Chromium hegemony from ruling the web the
       | way IE did.
       | 
       | I don't think Google will practically abandon things the way
       | Microsoft did. But they will absolutely have the kind of power
       | Microsoft did to force any feature.
       | 
       | I don't want to be forced to use Chrome because it's the only
       | browser that works on most sites. It's already bad enough with
       | some sites.
       | 
       | But Apple's stubbornness and completely different reasons are the
       | only things accidentally holding back the tide.
        
         | herpdyderp wrote:
         | I don't see any reason why Google _wouldn't_ abandon web
         | features left and right, given how they do that with everything
         | else.
        
           | anticensor wrote:
           | Because they themselves use them?
        
             | brokencode wrote:
             | Also because they know what happened to Microsoft when they
             | did that with IE.
        
         | gigel82 wrote:
         | I'm sure if Apple keeps innovating and adopting some of the Web
         | standards they'll outcompete other engines. But let's be
         | realistic, they 100% are blocking other engines and not
         | adopting standards in their own because they want that sweet
         | sweet 30% cut when developers can't publish PWAs and are forced
         | into the "app" model.
        
           | cosmic_cheese wrote:
           | WebKit's progress has been significant in recent years, it's
           | just been more focused on things like improving CSS instead
           | of things like an API that tells the developer how many beers
           | the user has in their fridge.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | I don't see that as a threat honestly. safari being the default
         | app pretty much guarantees its place unless google comes up
         | with a killer feature for iOS chrome. And they are unlikely to
         | make that push considering apple demands the app to be
         | distributed only in Japan.
         | 
         | Besides, the mobile web is becoming more and more of a niche
         | platform, since the web is becoming centralised as time passes
         | and most main sites redirect to their own apps.
         | 
         | And that's without considering direct web search being replaced
         | by AI search,which google seems convinced is the way forward.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | It was the default on the Mac and it's nowhere near the most
           | popular there.
           | 
           | Google pushes Chrome HARD.
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | Yep. I've even been seeing Chrome TV ads lately (on Amazon
             | Prime Video). They're marketing it pretty hard despite
             | being dominant.
             | 
             | Also, it's wise to not underestimate the power of
             | developers ceasing to test against non-Blink browsers and
             | taking a page from their IE-era past selves with "Best
             | Viewed in Chrome" and "Browser outdated! Download Chrome"
             | badges. There are few user motivators stronger than things
             | not working.
        
             | ribosometronome wrote:
             | Similarly, Edge is the default on Windows. Chrome has 75%
             | of the market share.
        
             | ndiddy wrote:
             | Yeah it's fun how Google displays a full-page ad for Chrome
             | every few times I do a Google search on iOS Safari that I
             | have to dismiss before seeing the results.
        
             | benoau wrote:
             | Yeah but the solution to that is to _be good at breaking
             | monopolies_ , not allowing one to stop another.
        
           | geraldwhen wrote:
           | Google has no actual content left to find. It's AI spam
           | website after AI spam website.
           | 
           | And if you find any content, it's on a website riddled with
           | ads.
           | 
           | AI search has none of these issues. Google from 15 years ago
           | was wildly superior to today.
        
             | kace91 wrote:
             | >AI search has none of these issues
             | 
             | Yet. AI feeds from the content it substitutes. I'm
             | skeptical to the long term feasibility for this reason, how
             | is it going to bring me news when publishing those news is
             | no longer profitable, for example?
        
           | tom1337 wrote:
           | > safari being the default app
           | 
           | but this can change. At least in the EU Apple already prompts
           | a user which browser they want [1]. While at the moment every
           | browser is WebKit under the hood, this will probably change
           | as the EU is also pushing Apple to allow other engines [2] -
           | and with users knowing Chrome from Ads, their work or from a
           | previous Android phone, I can imagine a lot of them selecting
           | Chrome as a default.
           | 
           | 1: https://www.heise.de/en/news/Apple-alters-selection-
           | screen-f... 2:
           | https://developer.apple.com/support/alternative-browser-
           | engi...
        
         | lukeschlather wrote:
         | That ship has already sailed. And Apple is part of the problem.
         | Recently I used Microsoft Edge because Facetime doesn't support
         | Firefox. I couldn't get audio working so switched to Google
         | Meet (which does work in Firefox.)
        
         | baby wrote:
         | Safari is so bad, I want a real chrome experience on iOS
        
           | lokar wrote:
           | Can you explain how? Poor standards implementation?
           | Performance? UX?
        
             | vips7L wrote:
             | I'd like the extension ecosystem from chrome or Firefox. I
             | miss having real Firefox with real Ublock like on Android.
        
               | lokar wrote:
               | I find the "use reader automatically " setting helps a
               | lot
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | The extension ecosystem that Google has been locking
               | down? You can get the same UBlock extension on Safari and
               | Chrome now (on Safari desktop and iOS).
        
             | socalgal2 wrote:
             | No full screen API so impossible to make lots of types of
             | game experiences.
             | 
             | No orientation API so impossible to make games and other
             | experiences that require a certain orientation
             | 
             | No WebXR (though Apple will allow it on Vision Pro)
             | 
             | No support for ResizeObvserver devicePixelContentBoxSize so
             | impossible to get correct rendering reguardless of user's
             | zoom level.
             | 
             | No simple PWA installation. Requires an obscure incantation
             | that only expert users know.
             | 
             | That's just a few off the top of my head.
             | 
             | Yes, I know all the comments will be about how they don't
             | want those features. That's really irrelevant. Allow them
             | to be turned off. Require permissions. Those features have
             | been shipping on other OSes, Desktop and Mobile for > 5
             | years and the world hasn't ended.
        
             | jonhohle wrote:
             | I hear this a lot, but have used Safari as my since it was
             | launch in 2003.Performance has always been great. UI has
             | always been minimalist, out of the way, and has never
             | upsold me on anything. There are times where it lags and
             | times where it leads standards. There may be a a site every
             | now and then that doesn't work, but iOS makes that less
             | likely. The only thing I can ever think of is that it's not
             | <insert favorite browser> or doesn't have <some favorite
             | esoteric feature>.
             | 
             | That said, the only plugins I use are ad blockers, so maybe
             | I'm missing something.
        
               | panstromek wrote:
               | It might look ok from user's point of view, but lot of
               | the problems fall on web developers who have to work
               | around a bunch of these issues to make their pages work
               | in Safari
        
             | concinds wrote:
             | I cannot go through a day without "this tab has been
             | reloaded due to a problem" on Safari iOS and any other
             | browser. It's been happening for years, across phones. It's
             | dogshit. Safari Mac is fine.
             | 
             |  _Even if_ that 's an edge case, it's why having only one
             | engine is pathological. Maybe Safari iOS works fine for
             | you. Not for me. I don't want rationalization on why it's
             | not Apple's fault, or somehow not Safari's fault, or
             | "they'll fix it one day", or "I'm doing it wrong", or all
             | the fanboy-talk that sounds like the enabling relative of
             | an alcoholic. Don't care. I should be able to switch for
             | even the most frivolous reason. Maybe I don't like that it
             | doesn't render every website in pink.
             | 
             | It's like having only one type of chocolate in existence.
             | This was never normal.
        
             | panstromek wrote:
             | Late on a lot of standards, quirky in many ways and just a
             | lot of bugs, especially around images and videos. Also
             | positioning issues. They recently broke even position
             | fixed, which broke a ton of web pages on iOS, including
             | apple.com
        
         | concinds wrote:
         | I can't wait until regulators do their job and take away
         | Apple's dictatorial control, _in all areas_ , and all these
         | doom-and-gloom predictions on all these tangential issues end
         | up proving ludicrous.
         | 
         | What kind of control would Chrome have over the web? Adding
         | APIs doesn't force the billions of websites to adopt them. So
         | what if a website adds WebBluetooth? You don't want the web to
         | have that anyway, and if you keep using Safari, you still won't
         | have it. Happy you!
         | 
         | If scrappy Firefox on _open platforms_ could save the web from
         | 95% IE, then why are we all dependent on _Apple, alone_ , to
         | save us from ~60% Chrome? It's learned helplessness and
         | Stockholm syndrome. I wonder how our species survived before
         | the trillion-dollar company started taking such good care of
         | us!
        
         | hparadiz wrote:
         | Firefox exists.
        
       | lcnmrn wrote:
       | Hopefully with AI we will have other browser engines than Chrome
       | and Firefox.
        
       | giobox wrote:
       | Apple appear to be using the same rules that they made up when
       | "allowing" third party browser engines in the EU. It's worth
       | pointing out that these restrictions are such, that to best of my
       | knowledge, no one has shipped a browser with an alternate engine
       | in the EU app stores yet despite being permitted to for over a
       | year now.
       | 
       | The demand that the application with its alternate browser engine
       | must be a completely new and separate binary from any app already
       | using the built in browser makes it hard for existing big players
       | like Chrome - they would have to manage two apps on the store
       | during any transition to their own engine, which supposedly has
       | been one of the biggest stumbling blocks for them already in the
       | EU.
        
         | benoau wrote:
         | Another hurdle in the EU is _the browser app developers must be
         | in the EU_ too.
        
       | keepamovin wrote:
       | It will become a weird menagerie
        
       | arn3n wrote:
       | Especially with Apple, I often see people scared that if they
       | open up their ecosystem, then users will lose one of the most
       | consumer friendly tech companies out there. It's not just "if
       | apple allows alternative browsers then Chrome will win", which is
       | (probably) true. It's:
       | 
       | * If Apple allows alternative app stores then the whole ios
       | ecosystem will rot and be foooded with malware, brough up during
       | the Apple vs. Epic cases
       | 
       | * If Apple can't control the data on their user's phones, then
       | privacy rights will disappear, a common talking point during the
       | Apple vs. Facebook case for opt-in data collection.
       | 
       | And like, these points are correct -- Apple kind of acts like a
       | "benevolent dictator" when it comes to their ecosystem. But
       | shouldn't there be alternatives between "Apple can control all
       | software on the hardware they sell" and "the moment Apple doesn't
       | have control of their user's experience then it'll be far worse"?
       | Like, we should have more tech companies, more options to pick
       | from between these two extremes. The market needs to be more
       | competitive, and if that isn't possible shouldn't there be
       | regulation to protect users and devs better? This constantly
       | feels like a "pick your poison" kind of deal, where we can only
       | pick between a company locking down their hardware or abuse of
       | users via. software. If Microsoft banned alternative browser
       | engines there'd be riots in these comments. Apple is just better
       | to its users.
       | 
       | Giving companies the power to lock down hardware they sell isn't
       | a solution that will work when Apple inevitably turns against its
       | users, and is a horrible precedent to set legally. Lord knows
       | John Deere and a million other predatory hardware companies are
       | salivating at the idea of users of their hardware not having
       | control over what they bought, and Meta and Microsoft love the
       | idea of users not having control of the software they run and the
       | data it collects. We can't just picking between the least worst
       | of two companies.
        
         | concinds wrote:
         | It's weird that people never distill those arguments to their
         | most basic logic.
         | 
         | Apple directly dictate the shape, speed, and existence of any
         | innovation on iOS, and by extension, any innovation involving
         | mobile phones or meant to run on mobile phones. They don't
         | simply have "power" over it, in the sense that they get to say
         | "Yes" or "No". iOS is locked down in such a fundamental way
         | that any innovation will not come about unless Apple
         | specifically envisions it and designs the OS to support it.
         | 
         | Browsers didn't exist when Windows 1.0 came out. But they
         | happened. If it had been iOS, there would have been no
         | networking, no JIT (I know that came later, bear with me),
         | Firefox/Gecko could never have existed and been able to fix the
         | web. Apple _alone_ would have controlled the evolution of the
         | most important tech of the past few decades. It couldn 't have
         | existed in the first place unless _Apple_ , and no one else,
         | invented it and put it in iOS themselves. Basic OS features:
         | files and the filesystem, sharing, casting your screen,
         | communicating with other devices. It doesn't exist until Apple
         | makes it. It doesn't change until Apple changes it.
         | 
         | Even something as simple as file syncing. They forced Dropbox,
         | GDrive, OneDrive to adopt their shitty, buggy backend. Those
         | services all had to drop basic features to adapt. Those
         | features can't ever come back unless Apple allows them. Any
         | hypothetical new features won't exist unless _Apple_ , and no
         | one else, thinks of them and adds them.
         | 
         | How is this sane?
        
         | robertoandred wrote:
         | Isn't the alternative Android?
        
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